EP3558323A1 - Antagoniste spécifique de tlr4 dans le traitement du myélome multiple - Google Patents
Antagoniste spécifique de tlr4 dans le traitement du myélome multipleInfo
- Publication number
- EP3558323A1 EP3558323A1 EP17832079.2A EP17832079A EP3558323A1 EP 3558323 A1 EP3558323 A1 EP 3558323A1 EP 17832079 A EP17832079 A EP 17832079A EP 3558323 A1 EP3558323 A1 EP 3558323A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tlr4
- antagonist
- multiple myeloma
- specific
- treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7008—Compounds having an amino group directly attached to a carbon atom of the saccharide radical, e.g. D-galactosamine, ranimustine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
Definitions
- TLR4-specific antagonist in the treatment of multiple myeloma TLR4-specific antagonist in the treatment of multiple myeloma
- the present invention relates to the treatment of multiple myeloma.
- Multiple myeloma is a hematological cancer (or hematological malignancy) in which clonal plasma cells (myeloma cells) accumulate in the bone marrow.
- Plasma cells are immune system cells derived from the bone marrow (MO) that produce antibodies to protect the body against external attacks (bacteria, viruses).
- MO bone marrow
- genetic abnormalities may occur, transforming healthy plasma cells into malignant plasma cells otherwise known as multiple myeloma cells.
- these plasmocytes circulate in the blood whereas in the pathology they return in the bone marrow where they cause damage on several levels.
- osteoclasts which are the cells responsible for the degradation
- MM plasmocytes by soluble factors such as DKK1 or TNF ⁇
- DKK1 or TNF ⁇ soluble factors
- Bone destruction also causes an increase in the level of calcium in the bloodstream, called hypercalcemia.
- hypercalcemia because of the proliferation and congestion of myeloma cells in the bone marrow, the production of normal blood cells from the hematopoietic tissue is also impaired.
- Multiple myeloma is the second most common blood cancer after non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It accounts for about 1% of all cancers, 10% of hematological malignancies and 2% of all cancer deaths.
- MM is also characterized by a premyelomatous and asymptomatic phase designated MGUS for monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance.
- MGUS is the most common clonal plasma cell disease and transforms into MM with an incidence of 1% per year.
- pathology therapies MM remains an incurable disease (no complete and sustainable remission) to date with a median survival of a few months to several years (5 years on average).
- the present invention aims to meet this need.
- OM OM and its constituents are required for the differentiation, maintenance, expansion and drug resistance of tumor plasmocyte clones.
- the microenvironment of OM is a complex network of heterogeneous cells that includes osteoclasts, lymphoid cells, endothelial cells, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their offspring (osteoblasts and adipocytes).
- MSCs mesenchymal stromal cells
- osteoblasts and adipocytes mesenchymal stromal cells
- MSCs support the growth of myeloma plasma cells by producing high levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), a major cytokine for the proliferation and survival of malignant plasma cells.
- IL-6 interleukin-6
- These MSCs also play a role in the chemoresistance of MM plasma cells by conferring on them privileged niches or areas of protection against commonly used chemotherapeutic agents.
- the present inventors have previously shown that these medullary cells, present in the tumor microenvironment, presented abnormalities in patients with MM, such as overexpression of IL6 or GDF15 Corre et al. (2007) Leukemia 21: 1079-1088).
- toll-like receptor 4 danger receptor recognizing foreign motifs (bacterial, viral) or endogenous (chaperone proteins) was overexpressed in MSCs of patients with MM.
- exogenous ligands such as lipopolysaccharide, LPS
- endogenous ligands such as Chaperone protein Heat shock protein 70, Hsp70
- the inventors After demonstrating that the activation of TLR4 was stronger in the MSCs of MM patients, the inventors used a specific TLR4 antagonist, the C34 compound, to study the impact on the behavior of MM CSMs. The inventors have thus shown that it is possible to alter the growth support capacity of the CSMs towards the myeloma cells with this inhibitor.
- the inventors show here that it is possible to inhibit the growth of myeloma cells by acting only on the CSMs, more particularly on the fact that these CSMs overexpress TLR4, regardless of the possible expression of this protein by the cells. myeloma.
- TLR4-specific antagonists to alter the growth-supporting ability of MSCs to myeloma cells is particularly useful for treating subgroups of patients with higher TLR4 overexpression by MSCs. Moreover, this use targeting only MSCs and not malignant plasma cells is particularly relevant for patients whose myeloma cells do not overexpress TLR4. Only one-third of the malignant plasma cells in patients actually express TLR4.
- the present invention therefore relates to a specific TLR4 antagonist for use in the treatment of multiple myeloma in a subject suffering from this condition.
- the present inventors have also surprisingly shown that the TLR4 antagonist acts synergistically with melphalan and lenalidomide, two chemotherapeutic agents commonly administered in MM patients and acting directly on MM plasma cells.
- the present invention thus also relates to an antitumor pharmaceutical combination
- an antitumor pharmaceutical combination comprising (i) a specific TLR4 antagonist, typically targeting MSCs of the medullary microenvironment, and (ii) a chemotherapeutic agent, targeting typically plasmocytes MM, intended to be used simultaneously, separately or sequentially in the treatment of multiple myeloma.
- TLR4 antagonist for use in combination with a chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of multiple myeloma.
- multiple myeloma is meant herein a cancer of the plasma cells. It may be asymptomatic or symptomatic.
- Asymptomatic patients do not show disorders or symptoms associated with multiple myeloma in their tissues or organs. Tissue or organ disorders associated with MM include hypercalcemia, impaired renal function, anemia, and devastating bone damage.
- Asymptomatic myeloma is a premyelomatous phase that includes multiple smoldering myeloma (MGUS) and indolent multiple myeloma (smoldering myeloma or stage I multiple myeloma).
- MGUS for monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance is the most common clonal plasma cell disease and transforms into MM with an incidence of 1% per year.
- Indolent multiple myeloma (smoldering myeloma or stage I multiple myeloma) corresponds to lg> 30g / l and> 10% plasma cells in the MO as well as a concentration of microglobulin ⁇ 2 in the blood strictly less than 3.5 mg / dl and an albumin concentration in the blood strictly greater than 3.5 g / dl. Indolent multiple myeloma is transformed into MM with an incidence of 10% per year.
- the subject treated in the context of the invention is a subject suffering from symptomatic multiple myeloma.
- Patients with multiple myeloma may also be characterized by the status of their disease.
- the status of the disease can be determined on the basis of whether or not patients have ever received treatment, and if so, the effect of this treatment.
- Patients who have undergone therapy can be divided into several categories:
- - Responding disease the myeloma responds to treatment and there is a decrease in protein M of at least 50%.
- - Stable disease myeloma did not respond to treatment (ie the protein M decrease did not reach 50%) but did not worsen.
- myeloma is active and has worsened (i.e. increase in protein M and aggravation of disorders of tissues or organs). In most cases, a relapse and / or refractory illness may be considered a progressing illness.
- myeloma did not respond to initial therapy.
- the subject treated in the context of the present invention is a subject who has already received a treatment. More preferably, the subject is a subject suffering from stable or progressing myeloma, or a relapse of myeloma or refractory myeloma.
- subject is meant here a mammal, preferably a human.
- TLR4 antagonist can treat multiple myeloma by directly acting on mesenchymal stromal cells that overexpress TLR4, thereby decreasing their growth support capacity for myeloma cells.
- the present invention is therefore particularly useful for treating a subgroup of subjects suffering from MM having an increased level of expression of the gene encoding the TLR4 protein at its MSCs relative to the level of expression of the gene encoding TLR4 in the CSM of a healthy subject.
- the subject suffering from MM treated in the context of the present invention has an increased level of expression of the gene encoding the TLR4 protein at its MSC relative to the level of expression of the coding gene.
- TLR4 in MSCs of a healthy subject has an increased level of expression of the gene encoding the TLR4 protein at its MSC relative to the level of expression of the coding gene.
- TLR4 Toll Like Receptor 4" or “CD284" is meant here a membrane receptor of the family of TLR (and more broadly PRR pattern recognition receptor) present on the majority of immune cells and some adipocytes. It is encoded by the TLR4 gene. TLR4 typically recognizes bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of gram-negative bacteria and endogenous ligands such as chaperone proteins (Hsp70).
- LPS bacterial lipopolysaccharides
- Hsp70 chaperone proteins
- telomere encoding the TLR4 protein is meant here the level of transcribed mRNAs or proteins translated from the gene encoding the TLR4 protein.
- the level of expression of the mRNA encoding the TLR4 protein can be determined by any technique well known to those skilled in the art, for example by quantitative PCR or by means of DNA chips.
- the level of expression of the TLR4 protein can be determined by any technique well known to those skilled in the art, for example by Western Blot, immunofluorescence or flow cytometry, using antibodies specifically directed against the TLR4 protein.
- the subject treated in the context of the present invention does not necessarily have overexpression of the gene encoding the TLR4 protein at its tumor plasmocytes so that effect is observed.
- the subject does not exhibit an increased level of expression of the gene encoding the TLR4 protein at its tumor plasmocytes.
- TLR4 specific antagonist is meant herein a compound inhibiting TLR4 activity, as defined above, without substantially inhibiting the activity of another TLR.
- the specific TLR4 antagonist is not an inhibitor of TLR4 expression.
- the activity of another TLR is inhibited by less than 20%, preferably less than 15%, by less than 10%, less than 5%, more preferably less than 1% in the presence of the antagonist.
- the TLR4-specific antagonist does not substantially inhibit TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR7, TLR8 or TLR9, in particular TLR3.
- TLR4-specific antagonists are well known to those skilled in the art and include the compound C34 of formula (I) below:
- hexopyranose (4: 1), 4-O- (3-0- ⁇ 2- (acetylamino) -2-deoxy-4-O- (6-deoxyhexopyranosyl) -3-O- [2-O- deoxyhexopyranosyl) hexopyranosyl] hexopyranosyl ⁇ hexopyranosyl) hexopyranose, 3-0- (3-O- ⁇ 2- (acetylamino) -2-deoxy-3-O- [2-O- (6-deoxyhexopyranosyl) hexopyranosyl] hexopyranosyl ⁇ hexopyranosyl ) -D-arabinose, 2- (acetylamino) -2-deoxy-3-O- (6-deoxyhexopyranosyl) -4-O-hexopyranosylhexopyranose, nonyl 2- (acetylamino)
- the TLR4 specific antagonist may alternatively be an antibody, including a conventional immunoglobulin, a single chain antibody, an Fab fragment, a Fv fragment, a single chain Fv (scFv) fragment or a nanobody, which antagonizes the activity of TLR4.
- antagonist antibodies include the neutralizing monoclonal antibody against human TLR4, clone W7C1 1 (mabg-ht1r4, Invivogen) and the rat polyclonal antibody neutralizing against human TLR4 (pab-hst1r4, Invivogen).
- Such an antibody can be produced by standard techniques.
- the ability of such an antibody to act as a TLR4 antagonist can be confirmed by the ability of the antibody to block an LPS-induced TLR4 activation index, such as an increase in CD54 expression (ICAM -1, Intercellular adhesion molecule -1) at the cell surface, an increase in secreted IL6 production or phosphorylation of NFkB (Nuclear factor kappa B) key transcription factor of TLR4 downstream signaling.
- an LPS-induced TLR4 activation index such as an increase in CD54 expression (ICAM -1, Intercellular adhesion molecule -1) at the cell surface, an increase in secreted IL6 production or phosphorylation of NFkB (Nuclear factor kappa B) key transcription factor of TLR4 downstream signaling.
- the specific TLR4 antagonist used in the context of the invention is the compound C34. Treatment of multiple myeloma
- the present invention relates to a specific TLR4 antagonist, as defined above, for use in the treatment of multiple myeloma in a subject as defined above.
- the present invention also relates to a method of treating multiple myeloma in a subject, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a specific TLR4 antagonist as defined above to a subject in need thereof as defined herein. -above.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a specific TLR4 antagonist, as defined above, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of multiple myeloma in a subject as defined above.
- the inventors have in particular shown that the specific TLR4 antagonist, by specifically targeting MSCs, makes it possible to inhibit the promoter effect of these cells on the proliferation of tumor plasmocytes.
- the specific TLR4 antagonist is used to inhibit the promoter effect of MSCs on the proliferation of tumor plasmocytes.
- the treated multiple myeloma can be of any category as described above.
- multiple myeloma is symptomatic multiple myeloma, more preferably progressive, relapsed and / or refractory multiple myeloma.
- treatment or “treating” is meant here to achieve, partially or substantially, one or more of the following results: partially or totally reducing the extent of the disease, ameliorating a clinical symptom or indicator associated with the disease, delaying, inhibit or prevent the progression of the disease, or partially or totally delay, inhibit or prevent the occurrence of a relapse of the disease.
- therapeutically effective amount is meant here an amount of active ingredient sufficient to destroy, modify, control or eliminate multiple myeloma.
- a “therapeutically effective amount” also refers to an amount of active ingredient to delay or minimize the extent of multiple myeloma. It also refers to the amount of active ingredient providing therapeutic benefit in the treatment or management of multiple myeloma.
- therapeutically effective amount means an amount of active ingredient, alone, or in combination with other therapies, which provides a therapeutic benefit in the treatment. treatment or management of multiple myeloma, including improvement of symptoms associated with multiple myeloma.
- the specific TLR4 antagonist can be used in combination with therapeutic support agents.
- therapeutic support agent is meant here an agent to reduce the symptoms and complications of multiple myeloma.
- therapeutic support agents include bisphosphonates (acting on bone lesions), growth factors, antibiotics, diuretics and analgesics.
- bisphosphonates examples include etidronate (Didronel), pamidronate
- alendronate (Fosamax), risedronate (Actonel), zoledronate (Zometa), and ibandronate (Boniva).
- growth factors examples include G-CSF, GM-CSF, M-CSF, multi-colony stimulating factor, erythropoietin, thrombopoietin, oncostatin M and interleukins.
- antibiotics examples include penicillins, cephalosporins and derivatives, oxolinic acid, amifloxacin, temafloxacin, nalidixic acid, piromidic acid, ciprofloxacin, cinoxacin, norfloxacin, perfloxacin, rosaxacin, ofloxacin, enoxacin, pipemidic acid, sulbactam, clavulinic acid, ⁇ -bromopenicillanic acid, ⁇ -chloropenicillanic acid, cephoxazole, sultampicillin, tazobactam, aztreonam, sulfazethine, isosulfazethine, norcardicines, chlortetracycline, oxytetracyline, tetracycline, demeclocycline, doxycycline, methacycline and minocycline.
- diuretics examples include thiazide derivatives such as amiloride, chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, methylchlorothiazide and chlorothalidon.
- analgesics examples include an opioid such as morphine, a COX-2 inhibitor, such as rofecoxib, valdecoxib and celecoxib, salicylates such as aspirin, magnesium cholinetrisalicylate, salsalate, and dirunisal.
- opioid such as morphine
- COX-2 inhibitor such as rofecoxib, valdecoxib and celecoxib
- salicylates such as aspirin, magnesium cholinetrisalicylate, salsalate, and dirunisal.
- sodium salicylate propionic acid derivatives such as fenoprofen, calcium, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen and naproxen sodium, indoleacetic acid derivatives such as indomethacin, sulfindac, etodalac and tolmetin, fenamates such as mefenamic acid and meclofenamate, benzothiazine derivatives or oxicams such as mobic or piroxicam, or pyrrolacetic acid such as ketorolac.
- propionic acid derivatives such as fenoprofen, calcium, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen and naproxen sodium
- indoleacetic acid derivatives such as indomethacin, sulfindac, etodalac and tolmetin
- fenamates such as mefenamic acid and meclofenamate
- benzothiazine derivatives or oxicams such
- the specific TLR4 antagonist according to the invention and, optionally, the carrier therapeutic agent may be formulated in one or more separate pharmaceutical compositions as described below.
- the specific TLR4 antagonist according to the invention may be administered by any suitable route of administration such as orally, sublingually, buccally, subcutaneously, transdermally, topically, intraperitoneally, intramuscularly, intravenously, subdermally or intranasally.
- the specific TLR4 antagonist according to the invention is administered intravenously.
- TLR4 antagonist used in combination with a chemotherapeutic agent conventionally used for the treatment of multiple myeloma such as melphalan or lenalidomide, makes it possible to inhibit synergistically the proliferation of MM plasmocytes.
- the present invention also relates to an antitumor pharmaceutical combination
- an antitumor pharmaceutical combination comprising (i) a specific TLR4 antagonist, as defined above, and (ii) a chemotherapeutic agent, intended to be used simultaneously, separately or sequentially in the treatment of multiple myeloma.
- the present invention also relates to a method of treating multiple myeloma, comprising the simultaneous, separate or sequential administration of a therapeutically effective amount (i) of a specific TLR4 antagonist, as defined above, and ii) a chemotherapeutic agent, in a subject who needs it as defined above.
- the present invention also relates to the use of (i) a specific TLR4 antagonist, as defined above, and (ii) a chemotherapeutic agent for the manufacture of an antitumor pharmaceutical combination for use in a controlled manner. simultaneous, separate or sequential in the treatment of multiple myeloma, as defined above.
- the term “combination”, “therapeutic combination” or “pharmaceutical combination” refers to either a fixed combination in the form of a dosage unit, or a “kit of parts” for combined administration where The TLR4 antagonist and the chemotherapeutic agent can be administered independently at the same time or separately within a time interval that allows the partners of the combination to show their synergistic effect.
- the compounds of the combination can thus be formulated in one or more separate pharmaceutical compositions.
- the present invention thus relates to an antitumor pharmaceutical composition comprising (i) a specific TLR4 antagonist as defined above, and (ii) a chemotherapeutic agent.
- the present invention also relates to a kit comprising:
- composition comprising a specific antagonist of
- composition means a mixture or solution comprising at least one therapeutic agent to be administered to a subject to prevent or treat a particular disease affecting the subject.
- the compounds of the combination according to the invention can thus be combined with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients to form pharmaceutical compositions.
- the pharmaceutical compositions as defined therefore preferably further comprise pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
- compositions and molecular entities which do not produce side, allergic or otherwise undesired reactions when administered to a subject.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or vehicle is thus an encapsulant material, a diluent, a carrier, or any other non-toxic liquid, semi-solid or solid formulation aid.
- the active ingredient for oral, sublingual, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, transdermal, local or rectal administration, may be administered subject in a unit dosage form, as a mixture with conventional pharmaceutical carriers.
- suitable unit dosage forms include oral forms such as tablets, gelled capsules, powders, granules and oral solutions or suspensions, sublingual or oral forms, aerosols, implants, for subcutaneous, transdermal, topical, intraperitoneal, intramuscular, intravenous, subdermal and intranasal routes.
- the TLR4 specific antagonist and the chemotherapeutic agent may be administered simultaneously, within the same composition or in different compositions. Alternatively, the TLR4-specific antagonist and chemotherapeutic agent may be sequentially administered, with the specific TLR4 antagonist being administered before or after the chemotherapeutic agent. The TLR4 specific antagonist and the chemotherapeutic agent may be administered by the same or different routes of administration.
- the pharmaceutical compositions contain pharmaceutically acceptable carriers for an injectable formulation.
- pharmaceutically acceptable carriers for an injectable formulation may be in particular saline solutions, sterile, isotonic (monosodium or disodium phosphate, sodium chloride, potassium, calcium or magnesium, and mixtures of these salts) or dry compositions, in particular freeze-dried compositions which, after addition, according to the case of sterilized water or physiological saline solution, can be reconstituted into injectable solutions.
- Dosage forms suitable for injectable use include sterile aqueous solutions or dispersions, formulations including sesame oil, peanut oil or aqueous propylene glycol, and sterile powders for extemporaneous preparation of solutions or dispersions sterile injectables.
- Solutions comprising the compounds according to the invention in free base form or pharmaceutically acceptable salts can be prepared in water suitably with a surfactant such as hydroxypropylcellulose.
- the dispersions may also be prepared in glycerol, liquid polyethylene glycols, and mixtures thereof, and in oils. Under ordinary conditions of storage and use, these preparations preferably contain a preservative to prevent the growth of microorganisms.
- the vehicle can also be a solvent or a dispersion medium containing, for example, water, ethanol, a polyol (for example glycerol, propylene glycol, liquid polyethylene glycol), mixtures that are adapted from those and vegetable oils.
- Acceptable fluidity can be maintained, for example, by using a coating, such as lecithin, by maintaining a required particle size in the case of dispersions and by using surfactants.
- the prevention of the action of microorganisms can be provided by various antibacterial and antifungal agents, such as parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, sorbic acid, thimerosal, etc. In many cases, it is preferable to include isotonic agents, for example, sugars or sodium chloride.
- Prolonged absorption of injectable compositions can be provided by the use in absorption delaying agent compositions, such as aluminum monostearate or gelatin.
- Sterile injectable solutions may be prepared by incorporating the active compound in a required amount of the appropriate solvent with several of the other ingredients mentioned above, if necessary, and then sterilizing by filtration.
- the dispersions are prepared by incorporating the various sterilized active ingredients into a sterile vehicle which contains the basic dispersion medium and the other required ingredients from those mentioned above.
- the preferred methods of preparation are vacuum drying and lyophilization techniques.
- chemotherapeutic agent is meant here an agent that is toxic to cancer cells.
- chemotherapeutic agents useful in the context of the invention include bortezomib (Velcade ®, Millennium), melphalan, lenalidomide, the predisone, vincristine, carmustine, cyclophosphamide, dexamathasone, thalidomide, pomalidomide, doxorubicin, cisplatin, etoposide and cytarabine.
- the chemotherapeutic agent is a conventionally used agent depending on the stage or response to the treatment of MM such as melphalan, lenalidomide, bortezomib, thalidomide and pomalidomide.
- the chemotherapeutic agent is melphalan or lenalidomide, preferably lenalidomide.
- the chemotherapeutic agent used in combination with the specific TLR4 antagonist according to the invention may be administered by any suitable route.
- the chemotherapeutic agent particularly melphalan or lenalinomide, is administered orally.
- TLR4 is administered intravenously and the chemotherapeutic agent, in particular melphalan or lenalinomide, is administered orally.
- the specific TLR4 antagonist and the chemotherapeutic agent can be administered simultaneously or in a time-shifted manner, i.e. at different times and at equal or different time intervals for each of the members of the combination.
- the ratio of the total amounts of the members (i) and (ii) of the combination may vary for example according to the needs of the patient.
- the present invention also relates to a specific TLR4 antagonist, as defined above, for use in combination with a chemotherapeutic agent, as defined above, in the treatment of multiple myeloma, as defined above.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a specific TLR4 antagonist, as defined above, for the manufacture of a medicament intended to be used in combination with a chemotherapeutic agent, as defined above, in the treatment of multiple myeloma, as defined above.
- the present invention also relates to a method of treating myeloma comprising administering, in a subject in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of a specific TLR4 antagonist as defined above, in combination with a chemotherapeutic agent as defined above.
- the present invention also relates to a chemotherapeutic agent, as defined above, for use in combination with a specific TLR4 antagonist, as defined above, in the treatment of multiple myeloma, as defined above.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a chemotherapeutic agent, as defined above, for the manufacture of a medicament for use in combination with a specific TLR4 antagonist, as defined above, in the treatment of multiple myeloma, as defined above.
- the present invention also relates to a method of treating myeloma comprising administering, to a subject in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of a chemotherapeutic agent as defined above, in combination with a specific antagonist. of TLR4 as defined above.
- a chemotherapeutic agent as defined above
- TLR4 as defined above.
- FIG. 1 Level of Expression of the MRNAs of the Different TLR4 (a), (b), (c) and (d) Variants by the CSMs of Healthy Subjects, of Patients With MGUS (Pre MM Stage) or patients with MM.
- Figure 3 Expression of different adhesion molecules involved in the interaction with MM plasma cells (CD49d, CD49e, CD54 and CD106) on the surface of MSCs of healthy subjects and patients with MM, stimulated or not with LPS. * p ⁇ 0.05 ** p ⁇ 0.01
- FIG. 4 Hsp70 secretion level after one week of culture by MOLP-6 line (MM stroma-dependent plasma cells), MSCs of healthy donors or from patients suffering from MM.
- Figure 5 Expression of CD54 by MSCs from healthy donors or from patients with MM, whether stimulated or not with Hsp70.
- Figure 6 Secretion of IL6 by MSCs from healthy donors or from patients with MM, stimulated or not with LPS.
- Figure 7 Secretion of IL6 by MSCs of healthy donors or from MM patients, whether stimulated or not with Hsp70.
- Figure 8 Number of myeloma cells (MOLP-6) after 7 days of co-culture. MOLP-6 alone (without coculture), or in co-culture with stroma of CSMs from healthy donors or MM.
- Figure 9 Number of myeloma cells (MOLP-6) after culture of MOLP-6 alone untreated (NT) or treated with 1 ⁇ or 10 ⁇ of C34 (TLR4 antagonist), or in coculture with a stroma CSMs from healthy donors or MM, untreated or treated with 1 ⁇ or 10 ⁇ C34.
- FIG. 10 Expression of TLR4 protein on the surface of the CSMs of different patients with MM.
- ns non-significant; * : p ⁇ 0.05; ** : p ⁇ 0.01
- ns non-significant; * : p ⁇ 0.05; ** : p ⁇ 0.01
- the inventors then analyzed the protein expression of TLR4 on the surface of MSCs of healthy subjects or MM patients after a 21-day MSC primoculture. They showed that TLR4 expression was higher on the surface of MM MSCs compared to healthy donor MSCs (MFI 10.3 v.s. 2.6, Figure 2).
- TLR4 molecule is overexpressed both at the transcriptional level
- Example 2 Stimulation of TLR4 on MM CSMs Result in Higher Expression of CD54 and IL6 Secretion Compared to Healthy Donor CSMs.
- the inventors then investigated the differential activation of TLR4 in CSMs of healthy or non-healthy donors. patients MM. They analyzed the effect of stimulation by LPS, the TLR4 reference ligand widely described in the literature, on the expression of several adhesion molecules (CD49d / VLA-4, CD49e / VLA-5, CD54 / ICAM -1 and CD106 / VCAM-1) involved in the interaction between CSMs and malignant plasma cells. The level of expression (MFI: mean fluorescence intensity) of each molecule is shown in the histogram of Figure 3.
- MFI mean fluorescence intensity
- TLR4 stimulation by LPS had no effect on the expression of CD49d or CD106 but significantly increased the expression of CD49e and CD54 in healthy MSC and MM ( Figure 3). Indeed, stimulation of TLR4 by LPS strongly increases the expression of CD54 in healthy CSMs (CD54 MFI 9.6 vs 148.7) and on a larger scale in the CSMs of MM (CD54
- TLR4 In order to further investigate the role of TLR4 in the context of MM and to move closer to pathophysiology, the inventors stimulated CSMs with Hsp70, an endogenous ligand of TLR4 actively released in the MM microenvironment and secreted by the cell line.
- MM MOLP-6 up to 200ng / ml
- this endogenous ligand has been described in the literature to have a chemoprotective role for MM malignant plasma cells (Nimmanapalli et al., (2008) Br. J. Haematol 142: 551-561).
- Hsp70 significantly increases CD54 expression only in the MM CSMs ( Figure 5) confirming their highest high sensitivity at TLR4 level. Indeed Hsp-70 is a monomeric molecule and therefore induces a less important stimulation than LPS (multimeric). Nevertheless, once again, the MM CSMs respond better than the healthy CSMs.
- the inventors have also evaluated the effect of TLR4 stimulation on the soluble IGF-1 and IL6 factors involved in the survival and proliferation of myeloma cells.
- TLR4 stimulation by LPS has no effect on IGF-1 secretion in healthy and MMMCs but induces secretion of IL6 (major cytokine of MM cell survival and proliferation) in CSMs healthy and to a greater extent in the MSCs of MM (healthy MSCs 0.02 vs 0.1 ⁇ g / cell, MSCs of MM 0.08 vs 0.7 ⁇ g / cell) (Figure 6).
- Hsp70 increases IL6 secretion more strongly and specifically in MM CSMs ( Figure 7).
- IL6 secretion is higher in the MMSCs in which TLR4 is stimulated, confirming the hypersensitivity of TLR4 in these cells.
- MM CSMs upregulate the soluble and adherent factors involved in supporting myeloma cell growth.
- the CSMs could be chronically activated by endogenous ligands of TLR4 such as Hsp70.
- endogenous ligands of TLR4 such as Hsp70.
- the latter is released on the one hand by cells damaged in bone lesions (apoptotic or lesion cells) but also actively by MM plasma cells (as seen in FIG. 4) inducing upregulation of IL6 by the microenvironment CSMs. which therefore promotes the proliferation of myeloma cells.
- TLR4 plays a pivotal role in the support of MM CSMs for the growth of MM plasmocytes
- TLR4 To evaluate the role of TLR4 in the CSM / myeloma cell interaction, the inventors used a specific TLR4 antagonist, the C34 compound, marketed by Tocris, and a stroma-dependent myeloma cell line, the MOLP-6 line. Some studies have used stroma-independent myeloma cell lines such as MM1 S or RPMI8226. In this study, in order to get closer to the pathology and mimic real interactions between CSM and plasma cells, the inventors used a stroma-dependent cell line for its proliferation. Indeed, during MM (in the establishment and maintenance phases of the disease), myeloma cells strongly adhere to the CSMs of the stroma, which gives chemoresistance and survival signals favoring the evolution of MM.
- MOLP6 used for the study were indeed stroma-dependent (FIG. 8). Indeed, MOLP-6 cells alone can not proliferate but enter the cycle when co-cultured with a stroma. It could be noted that the stroma of MM supported the growth of MOLP-6 more than the healthy stroma as previously described in the literature (number of MOLP-6 cells at day 7: 7.04 ⁇ 10 5 vs 4.64 ⁇ 10 5 ).
- the inventors Prior to using the TLR4 antagonist on the stroma, the inventors verified that C34 did not directly affect MOLP-6 cells (FIG. 9). Then they treated the healthy CSMs and MM with the C34 before and in co-culture with the MOLP-6. With the healthy stroma, the C34 antagonist (at 1 and 10 ⁇ ) has no effect on the growth support of MOLP-6, whereas with the stroma of MM, the TLR4 antagonist affects growth of MOLP-6 cells at the two doses used (33% decrease, Figure 9).
- the MSCs of MM are more sensitive to the TLR4 antagonist than the healthy MSCs in terms of supporting the proliferation of MOLP-6 cells.
- the originality of the results is also in the specificity of the effect of the product on the pathological CSMs.
- TLR4 antagonist can be used to treat multiple myeloma by acting preferentially on pathological MSCs, affecting their growth support capacity of malignant plasma cells.
- the inventors have studied TLR4 expression levels in the CSMs of different MM patients (Mye161, 165, 1 10, 168 and 106 patients) by flow cytometry.
- TLR4 was homogeneous within the same patient and that there was therefore no subpopulation of CSMs expressing differently TLR4 at the patient level. In contrast, they were able to observe fluctuations in TLR4 expression intensity between MM patients ( Figure 10). This study therefore shows that it is possible to categorize MM patients according to the strong or weak expression of TLR4 by MSCs.
- the inventors co-cultured CSMs from 4 healthy donors (H) or 5 patients with MM (MYE) as well as stroma-dependent plasma cells MOLP6:
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1663344A FR3061021B1 (fr) | 2016-12-23 | 2016-12-23 | Antagoniste specifique de tlr4 dans le traitement du myelome multiple |
| PCT/EP2017/084457 WO2018115476A1 (fr) | 2016-12-23 | 2017-12-22 | Antagoniste spécifique de tlr4 dans le traitement du myélome multiple |
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| EP3558323A1 true EP3558323A1 (fr) | 2019-10-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| EP17832079.2A Withdrawn EP3558323A1 (fr) | 2016-12-23 | 2017-12-22 | Antagoniste spécifique de tlr4 dans le traitement du myélome multiple |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20220023325A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3558323A1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2017380109B2 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA3048126A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3061021B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2018115476A1 (fr) |
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| US10881399B2 (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2021-01-05 | Ethicon Llc | Techniques for adaptive control of motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument |
| WO2024064288A1 (fr) * | 2022-09-22 | 2024-03-28 | Thomas Jefferson University | Inhibiteurs de tlr4 pour le traitement du cancer |
| FR3140378A1 (fr) | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-05 | Etablissement Français Du Sang | Procédé de production d’un modèle de myélome multiple humain en trois dimensions |
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| DE102013108227A1 (de) | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-05 | Kiekert Aktiengesellschaft | Kraftfahrzeugtür |
| JP6912763B2 (ja) * | 2014-06-27 | 2021-08-04 | 国立大学法人九州大学 | カテキンの機能性増強法 |
-
2016
- 2016-12-23 FR FR1663344A patent/FR3061021B1/fr active Active
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- 2017-12-22 WO PCT/EP2017/084457 patent/WO2018115476A1/fr not_active Ceased
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- 2017-12-22 AU AU2017380109A patent/AU2017380109B2/en active Active
- 2017-12-22 CA CA3048126A patent/CA3048126A1/fr active Pending
- 2017-12-22 US US16/472,754 patent/US20220023325A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA3048126A1 (fr) | 2018-06-28 |
| AU2017380109A1 (en) | 2019-07-11 |
| FR3061021B1 (fr) | 2020-04-03 |
| FR3061021A1 (fr) | 2018-06-29 |
| US20220023325A1 (en) | 2022-01-27 |
| AU2017380109B2 (en) | 2023-09-14 |
| WO2018115476A1 (fr) | 2018-06-28 |
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