EP3553244B1 - Konstruktionselement und konstruktion mit einem solchen element - Google Patents

Konstruktionselement und konstruktion mit einem solchen element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3553244B1
EP3553244B1 EP19164876.5A EP19164876A EP3553244B1 EP 3553244 B1 EP3553244 B1 EP 3553244B1 EP 19164876 A EP19164876 A EP 19164876A EP 3553244 B1 EP3553244 B1 EP 3553244B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
module
panels
modules
construction element
construction
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EP19164876.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3553244A1 (de
Inventor
Laurent DESTOUCHES
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L Destouches
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L Destouches
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E04C2/388—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a frame of other materials, e.g. fibres, plastics
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/40—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of a number of smaller components rigidly or movably connected together, e.g. interlocking, hingedly connected of particular shape, e.g. not rectangular of variable shape or size, e.g. flexible or telescopic panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/20—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/72—Non-load-bearing walls of elements of relatively thin form with respect to the thickness of the wall
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/88—Curtain walls
    • E04B2/90—Curtain walls comprising panels directly attached to the structure
    • E04B2/92—Sandwich-type panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E04C2/22—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/36—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/48—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose as high as or higher than the room, i.e. having provisions concerning the connection with at least two floors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0206—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0295—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements of which the width is equal to the wall thickness
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/296—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
    • E04C2/521—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2002/3488—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by frame like structures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a prefabricated construction device in particular for buildings, and whose implementation makes it possible to produce the wall, or more broadly the wall of a construction on which an aesthetic structure is intended to be attached and / or functional.
  • the device of the invention relates to all types of building, individual or collective housing, tertiary or industrial buildings, floating buildings of the fixed housing type or cruise ships, etc.
  • the invention aims at a prefabricated construction device which makes it possible to produce facades with high environmental performance, active of the energy recovery type, and with a low carbon footprint. Indeed, few materials are used and these are preferably low embodied energy. In addition, the use of bio-sourced insulation is possible. Furthermore, the device of the invention can easily be vegetated.
  • this construction device can be used in the production of floors, continuous floors of the balcony type, but also structural covering elements and roof terraces.
  • the construction device of the invention reduces the overall cost of construction by providing, among other things, speed and quality of implementation with a large place given to prefabrication in the factory, and very easy deployment on site of prefabricated assemblies.
  • the heavy facades are made from masonry elements, in particular concrete poured in place, or prefabricated concrete modules.
  • Prefabricated concrete modules generally have a height corresponding to the height of a storey.
  • the light facades are generally with metal framework and cladding.
  • Such facades are, for example, so-called “curtain” facades which are formed of glass panels, or facades with a wooden frame and panels.
  • facades represent a key element in terms of technical and economic performance. They must indeed meet multiple requirements: structural first of all, and also air and water tightness, thermal and acoustic insulation, ventilation, lighting and sun protection, safety in case of fire, etc ...
  • prefabricated devices in composite material making it possible to manufacture facades, both new and refurbished.
  • These prefabricated devices are in the form of hollow boxes which are combined to form a wall of a building construction. They make it possible to integrate architectural and environmental performance functionalities (such as solar collectors), while minimizing production costs and the impact on the environment (carbon footprint during construction or deconstruction).
  • the invention provides a considerably improved construction element, comprising at least one module capable of being associated with other modules in a simplified manner, in two dimensions, and on which can be integrated multiple architectural and environmental performance functionalities.
  • the construction element according to the invention thus allows a high degree of automation, integration, modularity and adaptability to the constraints of each structure, customization and integration to sites and to the local architecture.
  • the invention relates to a construction element comprising at least one module of rectangular parallelepiped shape, hollow and made of composite material, said module being delimited by an enclosure with four panels, two first opposing parallel panels and two second panels perpendicular to said first panels.
  • the second panels comprise at least one groove parallel to the first panels and each second panel is extended on one side by an L-shaped profile and on the other side by a flat profile, the profiles being elements projecting outwardly, parallel to the groove.
  • the groove is preferably rectilinear and extends over the entire length of the second panel.
  • construction element is meant an element essential to the construction of a wall, of a wall forming part of this wall, of a floor, of a continuous floor of the balcony type, but also of a structural cover element and / or a flat roof.
  • a composite material is a material based on plastic material (s) and reinforcement material (s).
  • the construction element is modular, that is to say it comprises a plurality of modules.
  • the module is advantageously open at the two opposite ends of the enclosure, said ends being called open faces.
  • one of these two open faces is hermetically sealed by a panel called a cover.
  • the two open faces are hermetically sealed by panels called lids.
  • At least one of the two open faces is hermetically sealed by a cover.
  • the open faces may be closed by a cover.
  • the cover comprises at least one groove perpendicular to the second panels.
  • each open face of the module of the invention is hermetically closed by a cover, only one of the two covers having grooves perpendicular to the second panels.
  • the construction element comprises at least two modules joined in a sealed manner by their second panels, comprising at least one groove, said modules interlocking thanks to at least one seal housed in the contiguous grooves of said panels.
  • the adjoining profiles are able to be glued, screwed or riveted together.
  • the construction element comprises at least two modules superimposed or joined in a sealed manner by their open faces, said faces being hermetically closed by a cover comprising at least one groove perpendicular to the second panels, the grooves of each contiguous cover being symmetrical and capable of accommodating a seal so as to allow the modules to be superposed or joined together in a sealed manner.
  • the cover constitutes an interface piece for fixing the modules together.
  • each cover advantageously extend the grooves of the second panels of the modules.
  • each open face is hermetically closed by a cover.
  • the construction element comprises several modules joined in a sealed manner by their second panels and superimposed or joined in a sealed manner by their open faces, said faces being hermetically closed by a cover comprising at least one groove, the 'Sealing being provided by at least one seal housed in the grooves of the second adjoining panels and of the superimposed or adjoining covers.
  • the gaskets constitute sealing means.
  • the cover is advantageously made of a composite material, preferably of the same material as the module. It thus provides the same advantages as the module, described in the remainder of the text.
  • the cover is integrated into the module during its manufacture.
  • the cover is mainly used to close the openings of the module. It can also serve to constitute an interface piece for fixing the module to a reception surface of the floor slab type during the construction of a wall.
  • the modules advantageously make it possible to directly house thermal and / or acoustic type insulation means, without having to relate them in a complex manner to the exterior or interior of concrete panels or to call upon means. multiple fasteners to make sandwich panels with a light structure.
  • the module houses thermal and / or acoustic insulation means in its cavity.
  • the module is preferably hermetically closed at its two open faces by a cover, so as to protect the insulation located inside the module.
  • the isolation means are integrated in the factory.
  • the insulators are protected from humidity (the dew point is located on the outside of a wall made completely waterproof), but also from insects or rodents and thus allows the use of insulators that have not been used until then (waste of bulk materials , sensitive or fragile products, etc.)
  • the insulation can be introduced in bulk into the interior volume of the module.
  • the module of the invention also has a thermally and / or acoustically insulating function since it comprises an insulating material in its interior volume.
  • the module advantageously comprises reinforcing elements, of the rib type or even internal partitions.
  • the module comprises at least one internal partition
  • the latter is preferably parallel to the first panels and capable of creating several compartments in said module.
  • the partition is in one piece with the rest of the module coming from the manufacture of said module. It can also be attached according to technical requirements
  • the partitions participate in the mechanical rigidity of the module.
  • the profiles make it possible to impose a space between the module and the attached structure, for example providing a useful volume for ventilation in the case of hanging photovoltaic panels (this improving their performance).
  • Means for recovering the hot air circulating in this volume can advantageously be associated with the device of the invention, for example to redistribute this hot air inside the building.
  • the construction element can cooperate, by way of example, on the facade, with photovoltaic modules fixed directly to the profiles, the space separating the photovoltaic modules from said modules forming a volume suitable for the ventilation of the photovoltaic modules.
  • a pivoting device of the type with shutters opening on the one hand on the separation space between the module of the invention and the photovoltaic modules or the glazed wall, and on the other hand on the interior of the building or the environment outside, allows the hot air to be evacuated from one side or the other of the facade, ie either towards the interior of the building ("winter" operation), or towards the outside to avoid overheating in summer.
  • a solar collector is therefore very advantageously integrated into the construction element and makes it possible to recover the hot air delivered behind the glass wall or by the photovoltaic modules during significant insolation.
  • an automatic regulation system decides, as a function of indoor and outdoor temperature readings and of requirements, to blow hot air into the interior of the building or then to reject it to the outside.
  • the aforementioned pivoting device with flaps is preferably made of an insulating composite material, so that it also offers the same advantages as the module.
  • the various cables or sheaths are housed in the module.
  • the profiles are made of composite material integrated into the module. They are advantageously derived from the “one-piece” manufacturing process of the module.
  • the module can receive an attached structure, without generating thermal bridges, without risk of corrosion or rotting, as indicated in the remainder of the text.
  • the module can receive different structures depending on the shape of the L-shaped or flat profiles, which creates great flexibility.
  • the flat profiles advantageously make it possible to vary the space between the module and the attached structure thanks to the fixing of said structure by means of fixing parts such as brackets.
  • the construction element according to the invention is a complete construction system.
  • the construction element For use as a floor or balcony, the construction element has a very interesting intrinsic rigidity. It can then be coupled with other materials, whether on the surface for the “ground” function, but also advantageously with concrete or lightweight concrete, to improve its range and the acoustics between floors.
  • the construction element For use as a covering, the construction element requires special treatment of the joints by providing joint covers or better still, a sealing veil over its entire surface.
  • the joinery can be directly mounted on the enclosure of the module.
  • framing profiles advantageously made of composite material, could be used to form "pre-frames" which will allow easy installation of any type of joinery.
  • the threshold doors will be particularly interesting to treat as well, as will window sills.
  • the composite material module and more precisely the composite material elements of the construction element (in particular the profiles), are obtained by molding, extrusion, or preferably by pultrusion.
  • the composite material comprises for example at least one plastic material which is preferably thermosetting and fire-resistant, such as those used based on flame-retardant polyester or acrylic resin, and which can be reinforced with fibers such as glass fibers, basalt or vegetable fibers.
  • plastic material which is preferably thermosetting and fire-resistant, such as those used based on flame-retardant polyester or acrylic resin, and which can be reinforced with fibers such as glass fibers, basalt or vegetable fibers.
  • the composite material can ideally be woven, with fiber orientations in the longitudinal axis of the profiles, but also transverse ideally at around 45 ° to improve the shear resistance in certain areas dedicated to the fasteners
  • the composite material makes it possible, via known manufacturing methods, to produce parts that are preferably one-piece in shapes and desired dimensions, especially large dimensions, and at lower cost.
  • the construction element of composite material of the invention provides a part which can be of large size, preferably at least equivalent to the separation height of two floors or even greater and which is prefabricated and thus ready for installation. implemented.
  • the construction element of the invention notably provides an increase in productivity on site.
  • the invention also relates to a construction comprising a construction element as described above, characterized in that the profiles are made of composite material integrated into the module and resulting from the method of manufacturing the module, and in that an aesthetic structure and / or functional, such as a cladding system, is attached to the profiles.
  • the construction advantageously comprises electric cables or other functional sheaths housed between the profiles.
  • the terms “horizontal”, “vertical”, “upper”, “lower” are understood to qualify elements of the module when the latter is arranged to form a wall, with respect to a horizontal flat floor, and the terms “Height”, “width” and “thickness” of the module correspond respectively to the vertical, horizontal dimensions extending along the length of the wall wall to be built, and horizontal forming the thickness of the wall wall and separating the interior from the 'exterior of said wall.
  • the invention relates to a construction element 1 in the form of at least one module 2 as illustrated in figure 1 .
  • the construction element 1 is intended to form a wall 3 ( figure 4 ) of a building construction.
  • Module 2 is hollow and has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. It is delimited by an enclosure 5 which defines a cavity 4.
  • the enclosure 5 consists of two first opposing parallel panels 5A and two second panels 5B perpendicular to said first panels 5A.
  • the first and second panels 5A and 5B correspond to four faces of the rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the other two faces of the rectangular parallelepiped are open. They are called open faces 5C.
  • the width L of module 2 can be variable.
  • the width is for example 300 mm or 600 mm. Different widths can be considered.
  • the height H of module 2 can also be variable.
  • the height is for example from 0.1 m to 15 m and preferably of the order of 12 m.
  • the thickness “e” of the module is for example 240 mm. It may vary from 100 to 350 mm, depending on the expected performance.
  • the thickness of the enclosure 5 of the module 2 is for example of the order of 5 mm. It may vary according to the objectives sought, with the integration into the composite material of other types of elements or materials, as described below.
  • modules 2 are intended to be joined by their second panels 5B, as will be seen with regard to the figure 4 .
  • modules 2 are intended to be superimposed by their open faces 5C, as will be seen with regard to the figure 6 .
  • modules 2 are intended to be both joined by their second panels 5B, and superimposed by their open facs 5C.
  • the module 2 of the invention comprises, integrated into the enclosure 5 and arranged on each of its second panels 5B, two grooves 6, extending over the entire height of said panels 5B, parallel to the first panels 5A.
  • each second panel 5B is extended on one side by an L-shaped section 7 and on the other side by a flat section 8; the profiles 7, 8 being elements projecting outwardly, parallel to the grooves 6.
  • the profiles 7, 8 being elements projecting outwardly, parallel to the grooves 6.
  • Other more specific geometries can be envisaged depending on the cladding to be attached.
  • Each section 7, 8 extends the thickness of module 2 from 1 to 10 cm.
  • the L-shaped profiles 7 extend the second panels 5B on one side, while the flat profiles 8 extend the second panels 5B on the other side.
  • the profiles 7, 8 extend the second panels 5B in a direction perpendicular to the first panels 5A.
  • each groove 6 is of the order of 1 to 3 mm.
  • Each groove 6 is able to accommodate a seal 12 (visible with regard to the figure 3 ) the thickness of which is greater than the depth of said groove 6.
  • the depth of the grooves varies depending on the seal selected.
  • the profiles 7, 8 are intended to add a facade cladding with an aesthetic and / or functional function. They are also called means of attachment.
  • the profiles 7, 8 are an integral part (via the manufacturing process) of each module 2.
  • Module 2 is made of composite material.
  • the composite material preferably comprises a single plastic material, in particular a thermosetting and fire-resistant material such as acrylic or polyester, flame retardant; as well as reinforcing fibers glass, basalt or other fibers of mineral or synthetic origin or even fibers of plant origin.
  • plastics and / or reinforcing fibers can be used without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • other materials or products can be inserted into the composite material for new functionalities (heating fabrics made of carbon fibers or metal mesh), particularly interesting materials for shielding (aramid fibers), identification systems of RFID type (to trace the products), or sensors embedded in the composites (to measure the deformations of the product, its temperature or any other physical parameter).
  • the module 2 is manufactured by molding, or by extrusion, in particular when the reinforcing fibers are short, or else by pultrusion when the fibers, mats and / or fabrics are continuous.
  • the figures 2 and 3 illustrate two modules 2 joined in a sealed manner by their second panels 5B.
  • a seal 12 ( figure 3 ) allows the modules 2 to be associated in a sealed manner. Said seal 12 bears in each groove 6 of the second panels 5B joined together.
  • the grooves 6 and the joints 12 cooperate in order to associate the modules 2 in a sealed manner.
  • Each seal 12 is able to be housed in the grooves 6 of two adjoining modules 2 in order to seal said modules 2 together. mutual cooperation by interlocking two adjacent modules.
  • the seals 12 are housed at the interface of two adjoining modules 2.
  • the thickness of the seals 12 is duly chosen to ensure optimal compression of the seal. This thickness is advantageously equal to twice the depth of the groove 6.
  • each module 2 is identical. However, in a variant not shown, each module 2 can be of width different, providing modularity in width to the construction element.
  • modules 2 are able to be cut in their width L to obtain modules 2 of specific width.
  • a panel identical to the second cut-out panel 5B will then be glued together in a sealed manner on the open side of the module 2 to reconstitute a hollow module.
  • the figure 3 further shows that the modules 2 are intended to house an insulating material 9, for example glass wool or polyurethane foam, in their cavity 4.
  • the incorporation of the material 9 is carried out either in the factory, for example in being injected into cavity 4 of said modules 2, either on site, for example by being introduced in the form of panels whose volumes correspond to cavity 4 of modules 2.
  • One of the strengths of the construction element 1 of the invention is to be able to receive any type of insulation 9.
  • the modules which are hollow, also make it possible to accommodate a large number of phase change materials such as paraffin, polymer, fatty acid, etc., thus making it possible to improve summer comfort.
  • the invention offers a very great freedom of choice to the project manager or client depending on the performance sought (technical, economic, environmental), in all climates.
  • the construction element 1 is thus thermally and acoustically insulating.
  • the composite material modules of the invention provide one-piece structures preferably integrating the insulation functions when the modules are already filled in the factory with insulating material. These modules are ready to use and allow you to build a wall as shown on the figure 4 .
  • the L-shaped sections 7, projecting outwardly from each module 2, have a return 70 parallel to the first panels 5A, said returns 70 being opposite, facing one another.
  • So-called attached structures such as photovoltaic panels, are advantageously attached to the returns 70, on the outside, of the modules 2 via fixing means.
  • the space between the L-shaped profiles 7 and the nearest first panel 5A forms a volume suitable for the ventilation of the photovoltaic panels.
  • Parietodynamic sensors of the hot air or water sensor type take place in this space.
  • Add-on structures can also be fixed to these flat profiles 8, either directly on the internal face (facing the flat profile of the same module) of said profiles, or by means of fixing parts such as brackets ( figure 10 ). In this way, the space between module 2 and the added structures may vary depending on the dimensions of the intermediate part. This space varies for example between 0 and 40 mm.
  • the module 2 can receive different structures depending on the shape of the L-shaped or flat profiles, which gives rise to great flexibility.
  • the construction element 1 is associated with the floor 10, generally formed by a concrete slab, of the construction in order to form a wall 3, via a connection module 18.
  • this association is made directly at the slab nose, by means of special fixing brackets, fixed to the L-shaped or flat profiles.
  • specific devices making it possible to limit the propagation of the flames are arranged against the enclosure 5 of the modules 2, at the level of the connection between the modules 2 and the floor 10 and / or level of the passageway. opening as described below.
  • the figure 5 illustrates a module 20 identical to module 2 of the figure 1 but comprising a cover 11 which hermetically closes, preferably by gluing, one of its open faces 5C.
  • the cover 11 is also made of a composite material, for example of the same material as that of the module 20.
  • each module 20 is affixed against the floor by means of the cover 11, preferably by interfacing a fire-resistant element between the cover 11 and the floor.
  • the figure 6 illustrates a module 200 substantially identical to module 20 of the figure 5 but the cover 111 of which has grooves 60 extending over the entire length I of said cover 111 (the length I corresponding to the width L of the module 200) so as to extend the grooves 6 of the second panels 5B of the module 200.
  • the module 200 can also include a cover 11 on one of its open faces 5C and a cover 111 with grooves 60 on the other open face 5C.
  • the figure 7 illustrates two modules 200 superimposed in a sealed manner.
  • Each module 200 comprises a cover 111 provided with grooves 60, at the level of its contiguous open faces 5C.
  • a seal 12 is housed in the grooves 60 of the covers 111 so as to associate the modules 200 in a sealed manner.
  • the seal 12 bears in each groove 60.
  • the grooves 60 of the covers 111 and the seals 12 cooperate to seal the modules 200 together. We are talking about means of mutual cooperation by interlocking two superimposed modules.
  • the seals 12 are housed at the interface of two superimposed modules 200.
  • the depth of the grooves 60 of the covers 111 varies depending on the seal 12 selected.
  • the thickness of said seal is advantageously equal to twice the depth of the groove 60. This thickness is duly chosen to ensure optimum compression of the seal during the superposition of two modules 200.
  • the superimposed modules 200 make it possible to form a wall 30. Depending on the desired height of the wall, the same module heights or different heights can be combined.
  • the height H of each superimposed module 200 is identical.
  • each superimposed module 200 could be different, providing modularity in height to the building element 1.
  • the modules 200 are able to be cut to obtain a module of specific height.
  • a cover 111 can then be glued in a sealed manner on the cut side in order to reconstitute a hollow module 200 according to the invention.
  • the module 200 advantageously comprises metal fish plates 16 positioned against the L-shaped sections 7, on their facing faces, and against the flat sections 8, on their facing faces.
  • the ribs 16 protrude from said module 20, in height, so that they can also be positioned against the corresponding profiles 7, 8 of the superimposed module 200 (not shown in FIG. figure 7 ).
  • the ribs 16 include rings 161 intended to allow the slinging of the modules.
  • the module 2 comprises reinforcing elements 13 in its cavity 4, so as to stiffen the structure. These reinforcing elements 13 are integral with the cavity 4 of the module, such as partitions.
  • the partitions 13 preferably extend along the height H of the module 2, parallel to the first panels 5A, forming compartments 4A and 4B. Depending on the dimension of the thickness "e" of the module 2, the latter may include at least one partition 13 then forming two compartments 4A, 4B.
  • the first panel 5A in contact with the substrate 14 comprises openings 15 making it possible to prick plants.
  • the module could, in combination or not, integrate reinforcing elements, such as ribs, into the enclosure 5.
  • the figure 10 illustrates a construction element 1 as described with regard to figure 1 , further comprising brackets 17 fixed to the flat profiles 8. These brackets 17 are fixing parts for fixing an attached structure (not shown) and to choose the distance between the module 2 and the attached structure (not shown).
  • the module 20, comprising a cover 11, is fixed to the concrete slab 10, by means of a connection module 18.
  • This fixing is carried out by means of fixing devices (not visible) which, of on the one hand are embedded in the concrete slab 10 and on the other hand cooperate by bolting with the cover 11 and the connection module 18.
  • the fixing devices comprise an adjustable metal part to compensate for the flatness defects of the nose (edge) of the slab 10. Said part secures the module 20 to the slab 10 so as to guarantee alignment of the module according to the facade plane. construction.
  • the clearance between the modules and the slab nose is filled by a specific firewall device 19 (rock wool and metal sheet for example).
  • Modules 20 are then fitted laterally thanks to the presence of joints 12 housed in the grooves 6 of the second panels 5B joined by two modules 20 joined together, as shown in FIG. figure 3 .
  • the modules 20 already incorporate an insulating material 9 in their cavity 4, before they are put in place to form the wall.
  • an attached structure S is placed against the exterior and interior facade of the modules 20.
  • the attached structure S is fixed to the returns 70 of the L-shaped profiles 7 by means of fixing means ( figure 3 ), while it is fixed to the flat profiles 8 by means of fixing parts such as brackets 17.
  • the shape of a module makes the manufacture of a wall easy and fast. Indeed, the modules can fit together laterally and / or vertically.
  • the modules can be, as expressed above, of different sizes (in particular height and / or width) which makes it possible to deal in particular with all the widths and heights of wall walls according to the layout constraints specific to each structure.
  • the modules can have widths of 100, 200 or 600 mm, and all multiples of 600 (1200 mm, ...), and heights of 0.10 to 6 m (or even more as far as can be easily transported on site), thus providing great flexibility on the external dimensions of the walls to be manufactured.
  • the module is suitable for being cut in precise areas in order to bend it to make curved walls, for example.
  • the composite material modules of the invention provide one-piece structures preferably integrating the insulation functions when the modules are already filled in the factory with insulating material. These modules are ready to use and allow, combined with closing profiles which are advantageously made of composite material, to build a wall, in particular for a building, quickly, at a lower cost, avoiding thermal bridges and respecting standards. energy and fire related construction.
  • modules can be ideally layouts, but failing that, cut out again to create lights in the wall and to fit elements such as doors or windows.
  • framing profiles made of composite material, of suitable geometry to press against the cutouts and close the open parts on the inside of the module, are intended to be added. Once the framing profiles have been added, they create a space in the wall made of the cut-out modules to accommodate and fix a window, for example.
  • the frame profiles advantageously constitute a fixing frame for the window.
  • the modules can easily conform to any type of architecture, whether to relate to an existing structure, but also to create light curves, even without specific tools.
  • the prefabricated construction device of the invention acts as a complete wall of the "mantle wall” type. It comprises at least one module made of composite material. The end of several modules forms the wall. The modules allow you to associate complementary accessories to add all the usual functions of a facade (opening, balconies, aesthetic or technical facings).
  • the construction device of the invention reduces the overall cost of construction, among other things, provides speed of implementation and construction with ecological performance (energy performance, low embodied energy, low carbon footprint).
  • the module according to the invention is intended to form a floor.
  • the module is intended to be arranged horizontally, the first panels being parallel to the ground.
  • modules can be joined in two dimensions (length and width) to form a floor.
  • a floor formed by several modules is associated with a wall formed by several modules.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Bauelement (1), mindestens ein Modul (2, 20, 200) in Quaderform, hohl und aus Verbundwerkstoff beinhaltend, das durch einen Einschluss (5) mit vier Platten, erste zwei parallele gegenüberliegende Platten (5A) und zweite zwei Platten (5B) senkrecht zu den ersten Platten (5A) begrenzt wird, wobei die zweiten Platten (5B) mindestens eine Nut (6) parallel zu den ersten Platten (5A) in der vertikalen Richtung des Moduls (2, 20, 200) beinhalten, und sich jede zweite Platte (5B) auf einer Seite durch ein Profil in Form eines L (7) fortsetzt, wobei das Modul (2, 20, 200) dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sich jede zweite Platte (5B) auf der anderen Seite durch ein Flachprofil (8) fortsetzt, wobei die Profile (7, 8) nach außen hervorstehende Elemente parallel zur Nut (6) sind, und die zweiten Platten (5B) in einer Richtung senkrecht zu den ersten Platten (5A) fortsetzen.
  2. Bauelement nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Modul (20, 200) an dem einen und/oder anderen der gegenüberliegenden Enden des Einschlusses durch Deckel (11, 111) genannte Platten hermetisch geschlossen ist, wobei die Enden offene Flächen (5C) genannt werden.
  3. Bauelement nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Deckel (111) mindestens eine Nut (60) senkrecht zu den zweiten Platten (5B) beinhaltet.
  4. Bauelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede offene Fläche (5C) des Moduls (200) durch einen Deckel (11, 111) hermetisch geschlossen ist, wobei nur der eine der beiden Deckel (111) zu den zweiten Platten (5B) senkrechte Nuten (60) beinhaltet.
  5. Bauelement nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mindestens zwei Module (2, 20, 200) beinhaltet, die in dichter Form durch ihre zweiten Platten (5B) aneinandergefügt sind, die mindestens eine Nut (6) beinhalten, wobei sich die Module dank mindestens einer Dichtung (12), die in den aneinandergefügten Nuten (6) der Platten (5B) aufgenommen ist, ineinander verschachteln.
  6. Bauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mindestens zwei durch ihre offenen Flächen (5C) in dichter Form übereinanderliegende oder aneinandergefügte Module (200) beinhaltet, die durch den Deckel (111) hermetisch geschlossen sind, der mindestens eine zu den zweiten Platten (5B) senkrechte Nut (60) beinhaltet, wobei die Nuten (60) jedes aneinandergefügten Deckels (111) symmetrisch sind, und imstande sind, eine Dichtung (12) derart aufzunehmen, um das dichte Übereinanderlegen oder Aneinanderfügen der Module (200) zu erlauben.
  7. Bauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mehrere Module (200) beinhaltet, die in dichter Form durch ihre zweiten Platten (5B) aneinandergefügt sind, und in dichter Form durch ihre offenen Flächen (5C) übereinandergelegt oder aneinandergefügt sind, die durch den Deckel (111) hermetisch geschlossen sind, der mindestens eine Nut (60) beinhaltet, wobei die Dichtheit durch mindestens eine Dichtung (12) gewährleistet wird, die in die Nuten (6, 60) der zweiten aneinandergefügten Platten (5B) und der übereinanderliegenden oder aneinandergefügten Deckel (111) aufgenommen ist.
  8. Bauelement nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Modul (2, 20, 200) Isoliermittel (9) in der Art thermisch und/oder akustisch in seinem Hohlraum (4) aufnimmt.
  9. Bauelement nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Modul (2) Verstärkungselemente (13) in der Art von Rippen oder aber von internen Trennwänden beinhaltet.
  10. Bau, ein Bauelement (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche beinhaltend, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Profile (7, 8) aus einem Verbundwerkstoff sind, in das Modul (2, 20, 200) integriert und aus dem Herstellungsverfahren des Moduls (2, 20, 200) stammend, und dadurch, dass eine ästhetische und/oder funktionelle Struktur, wie ein Fassadenverkleidungssystem, auf die Profile (7, 8) aufgebracht wird.
EP19164876.5A 2018-04-09 2019-03-25 Konstruktionselement und konstruktion mit einem solchen element Active EP3553244B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1853076A FR3079856B1 (fr) 2018-04-09 2018-04-09 Dispositif prefabrique de construction, sa mise en place et son utilisation

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EP3553244A1 EP3553244A1 (de) 2019-10-16
EP3553244B1 true EP3553244B1 (de) 2021-02-17

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CN111636624A (zh) * 2020-06-28 2020-09-08 北新集团建材股份有限公司 搭接型材、墙体模块及其制作方法、墙体及其建造方法

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DE2845334A1 (de) * 1978-10-18 1980-04-24 Gewe Aluminium Fenster Und Rol Verglasungsplatte aus lichtdurchlaessigem kunststoff
EP0558767B1 (de) * 1991-12-31 1995-09-06 Roeder Gmbh Fussbodensystem.
CA2070079C (en) * 1992-05-29 1997-06-10 Vittorio De Zen Thermoplastic structural system and components therefor and method of making same
US5465545A (en) * 1992-07-02 1995-11-14 Trousilek; Jan P. V. Wall structure fabricating system and prefabricated form for use therein
CA2124492C (en) * 1994-05-27 2005-12-06 Vittorio De Zen Housing system with structural cored hollow members
EP1379421B1 (de) * 2001-03-11 2008-12-17 James H Crowell Bausystem, -konstruktion und -verfahren
US7628570B2 (en) * 2004-02-25 2009-12-08 Trueline, LLC Modular retaining wall
US20070175146A1 (en) * 2005-12-23 2007-08-02 Greengate Homes Ltd. building formwork module
CA2654992C (en) * 2009-02-20 2011-08-23 Nuform Building Technologies Inc. Building wall structures and their components
WO2012100843A1 (en) * 2011-01-28 2012-08-02 Renco Kompozit Teknolojileri Sanayi Ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi A modular structure and said modular structure's structural members made of composite material
WO2013163700A1 (en) * 2012-05-04 2013-11-07 Pacific Composites Pty Ltd Construction method and components
FR3011863B1 (fr) * 2013-10-16 2021-05-14 L Destouches Dispositif prefabrique de construction
WO2015192179A1 (en) * 2014-06-16 2015-12-23 Steadiform Holdings Pty Ltd Formwork

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US20190309516A1 (en) 2019-10-10
FR3079856B1 (fr) 2021-11-12
US10662649B2 (en) 2020-05-26
EP3553244A1 (de) 2019-10-16
FR3079856A1 (fr) 2019-10-11

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