EP3548826A1 - Dispositif de mixage d'un fluide réfrigérant à l'intérieur d'une boîte collectrice d'un échangeur thermique - Google Patents
Dispositif de mixage d'un fluide réfrigérant à l'intérieur d'une boîte collectrice d'un échangeur thermiqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP3548826A1 EP3548826A1 EP17817791.1A EP17817791A EP3548826A1 EP 3548826 A1 EP3548826 A1 EP 3548826A1 EP 17817791 A EP17817791 A EP 17817791A EP 3548826 A1 EP3548826 A1 EP 3548826A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- duct
- mixing
- mixing device
- conduit
- refrigerant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 200
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims description 61
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
- F28F9/027—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes
- F28F9/0273—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes with multiple holes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
- F25B39/028—Evaporators having distributing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
- F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
- F28F9/028—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using inserts for modifying the pattern of flow inside the header box, e.g. by using flow restrictors or permeable bodies or blocks with channels
Definitions
- the field of the present invention is that of the heat exchangers equipping the air conditioning installations for a vehicle, in particular an automobile.
- the invention relates more specifically to the distribution of a refrigerant fluid inside a manifold that includes such a heat exchanger.
- a vehicle is commonly equipped with an air conditioning unit for heat treating the air present or sent into the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
- an air conditioning unit for heat treating the air present or sent into the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
- Such an installation comprises a closed circuit inside which circulates a refrigerant fluid. Successively following the direction of circulation of the refrigerant fluid through it, the circuit essentially comprises a compressor, a condenser, a pressure reducer and at least one heat exchanger.
- the heat exchanger commonly comprises a bundle of tubes interposed between a header and a coolant return box.
- the refrigerant is admitted through an inlet mouth inside a manifold, flows along successive paths in the tubes of the bundle between the manifold and a return box, and is discharged out of the exchanger thermal through an outlet mouth.
- the outlet mouth is likely to be formed through the manifold or through the return box.
- the heat exchanger is for example an evaporator providing a heat exchange between the refrigerant and a flow of air therethrough.
- the refrigerant circulates inside the tubes of the bundle and the air flow circulates along the bundle tubes for cooling.
- This phenomenon generates a heterogeneity of the temperature of the air flow that has passed through the heat exchanger during operation. This heterogeneity complicates the thermal management of the apparatus that receives the heat exchanger and ultimately involves temperature differences between two areas of the passenger compartment, while the same airflow temperature is required.
- the subject of the present invention is a device for mixing a refrigerant fluid configured to be housed inside a header box of a heat exchanger into which tubes of a bundle of tubes that comprise the heat exchanger open.
- the mixing device is especially intended for mixing a gaseous phase with a liquid phase of the refrigerant distributed by the mixing device inside the header.
- the invention also relates to a heat exchanger comprising a header housing a mixing device according to the invention.
- the heat exchanger is in particular designed to equip an air conditioning installation of a vehicle, in particular an automobile.
- An object of the invention is to perfect the homogeneity of the temperature of the heat exchanger during operation and finally to improve its efficiency. It is more specifically the object of the invention to perfect a distribution in the header of the coolant fluid homogeneously between its liquid phase and its gas phase.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a mixing device that can be obtained industrially at lower costs.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a mixing device whose organization allows its easy adaptation and lower costs to heat exchangers of various structures.
- Such a diversity of structures of the heat exchangers is particularly to be appreciated with regard to the number of tubes of the bundle that they comprise, the modes of circulation of the refrigerant fluid inside the heat exchanger and / or relative positions between the mouth inlet and outlet mouth of the refrigerant fluid that includes the heat exchanger.
- the mixing device of the invention comprises a longitudinal axis conduit provided with an inlet mouth for the admission of the refrigerant fluid into the conduit and at least one orifice for spraying the refrigerant fluid out of the conduit.
- the duct comprises at least one mixing member provided on an internal face of the duct and capable of modifying the flow of the refrigerant circulating inside the duct.
- the internal face of the duct is configured in a mixing means comprising at least one mixing member suitable for mixing the refrigerant fluid between a liquid phase and a gas face inside the duct.
- the mixing member is disruptive of a laminar flow of refrigerant circulating inside the duct from the inlet mouth to the orifices.
- the internal face of the duct comprises at least one mixing member which modifies the regularity of the extension of the internal face of the duct along a guide line, or more specifically along a generatrix, which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the duct. leads.
- the mixing member thus provides a relief to the inner face of the duct projecting inwardly of the duct relative to a direction of extension of the inner face of the duct parallel to its longitudinal axis.
- the extension of the protrusion of the relief towards the interior of the duct is likely to vary between two mixing organs.
- the mixing member generates disturbances in the flow of refrigerant inside the conduit, which promotes its mixing between a liquid phase and a gas phase inside the conduit.
- a mixture of the refrigerant fluid between a liquid phase and a gas phase is thus produced inside the duct prior to its evacuation through the orifice (s).
- the refrigerant fluid sprayed at each of the orifices is thus formed of a liquid / gas mixture more homogeneous, and for each of the orifices distributed over the length of the conduit.
- the methods providing a mixture of the refrigerant between its liquid phase and its gaseous phase inside the conduit are thus advantageously dissociated from the spraying modes of the coolant out of the conduit further causing a mixture of the refrigerant between its liquid phase and its phase gas at the output of the mixing device.
- the refrigerant is thus mixed between its liquid phase and its gas phase by means of the mixing device in successive steps.
- a first mixing step is carried out inside the duct by one or more mixing members and a second mixing step is performed during the spraying of the coolant out of the duct through the orifice (s).
- a heat exchanger equipped with a collecting box housing the mixing device is thus obtained particularly efficient, in particular having a substantially balanced temperature over its entire heat exchange surface formed by the tubes of a bundle of tubes it includes.
- the mixing member extends inside the duct at least transversely to its longitudinal axis and partially inside the recess of the duct delimited by its wall, forming an obstacle opposing a laminar flow of refrigerant inside the duct.
- the transverse extension of the mixing member relative to the duct is likely to be perpendicular or inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the duct.
- the obstacle formed by the mixing member is in particular configured in a relief extending partially towards the inside of the duct.
- the central zone of the duct is unoccupied by the relief and provides a passage for the refrigerant fluid inside and along the duct.
- the obstacle is capable of disturbing a laminar flow of the refrigerant fluid inside the duct and forcing its passage through the orifice or orifices located downstream of the mixing member.
- the concepts upstream and downstream are relative concepts considered with regard to the intended direction of circulation of the refrigerant inside the conduit or in other words with regard to a refrigerant circulation path arranged inside the duct from the inlet mouth to the orifice.
- the mixing member is incorporated in the wall of the duct.
- the mixing device can thus be obtained at moderate costs by incorporating the mixing member in the inner face of the duct.
- the mixing device is easily adaptable for ducts having different dimensions of extension along their longitudinal axis according to the configuration of the heat exchanger, in particular with regard to the number of tubes of a bundle to be supplied with refrigerant fluid that comprises the exchanger thermal and which open on a collector box housing the mixing device.
- the incorporation of the mixing member to the wall of the duct can be achieved at lower costs according to various techniques.
- the mixing member is incorporated in the wall of the duct by brazing, by molding, by adding material, by deformation of the duct wall or by machining the duct wall.
- the mixing member is incorporated into the wall of the duct by brazing, the mixing member and the duct being at least in this case made of metallic material, in particular based on aluminum.
- Brazing between the mixing member and the wall of the duct is in particular carried out during a brazing operation between them components that comprises a heat exchanger and comprising at least one manifold housing the mixing device and preferably also tubes a bundle of tubes to supply refrigerant fluid by the mixing device.
- Brazing between the mixing member and the wall of the duct can also be performed prior to the installation of the mixing device inside the header.
- the mixing device then forms a unitary assembly that can be easily mounted and positioned inside the manifold.
- the mixing member is incorporated in the wall of the molding duct or in other words during manufacture by molding the duct.
- a molding operation can be performed to simultaneously form in the same body the conduit provided with the mixing member.
- the incorporation by molding of the mixing member to the duct may also be carried out in several steps, including a first duct molding step and a second overmolding step of the mixing member inside the duct.
- the mixing member is incorporated in the wall of the duct by machining the wall of the duct providing at least one projecting relief directed towards the inside of the duct, the relief then forming the organ of the duct. mixing.
- the mixing member is incorporated in the wall of the duct by deformation of the wall of the duct causing a discharge of material towards the inside of the duct which provides at least the relief thus forming the mixing member.
- the incorporation of the mixing device into the duct induces a variation in the thickness of its wall. More particularly, the thickness of the duct wall varies in planes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the duct and longitudinally distant. The thickness of the duct wall is in particular increased by at least one mixing member. The internal section of the duct is reduced by at least one mixing member.
- the mixing member modifies the conformation of the wall of the duct by longitudinally varying its thickness.
- a first thickness of the wall of the duct measured in a first perpendicular plane passing through a relief formed by the mixing member is greater than a second thickness of the duct wall measured in a second perpendicular plane considered along the longitudinal edge of the relief. .
- At least one mixing member extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the conduit.
- At least one mixing member is inclined at least in a longitudinal extension plane and with respect to the longitudinal axis of the duct forming a cooling fluid guide ramp to the orifice.
- the mixing member is in particular oriented in the intended direction of circulation of the refrigerant inside the conduit to direct the refrigerant to the inner face of the duct defining its recess and more particularly to the orifices or.
- the mixing member may be of planar configuration being in particular arranged in a ring.
- a ring may be oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the duct.
- the ring may also be inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of the duct in a longitudinal extension plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the duct and / or be oriented in a transverse plane inclined at an angle less than 90 ° by compared to the longitudinal extension plan.
- the inclination of the mixing member may also imply its extension inside the duct according to a curve defined by a combination between a perpendicular direction and a longitudinal direction relative to the longitudinal axis of the duct, in particular a helical extension.
- at least one mixing member is formed by at least one helical thread formed in the wall of the duct and wound around the longitudinal axis of the duct.
- the orifice or openings may be oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the conduit or be inclined towards one and / or the other of the longitudinal ends of the conduit.
- the section of at least one orifice in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the conduit may be for example of circular, oblong and / or polygonal conformation such as triangular, hexagonal or cross for example.
- the section of the orifices in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the conduit has a maximum surface area of between 2 mm 2 and 5 mm 2.
- the orifices are distributed along the conduit along its longitudinal axis.
- the orifices may be distributed by being aligned along several lines parallel to the longitudinal axis of the conduit.
- the orifices may be distributed in staggered rows along the conduit.
- the orifices may be distributed along a helically configured line wound around the duct.
- the orifices are distributed along a straight line parallel to the longitudinal axis of the conduit.
- the inlet mouth is preferably provided at a first longitudinal end of the conduit.
- a second longitudinal end of the duct is closed.
- the second longitudinal end is understood as being the longitudinal end of the conduit axially located opposite its first longitudinal end provided with the inlet mouth.
- the inlet mouth is formed in particular by an outlet of the recess of the duct towards the outside of the duct.
- the inlet mouth is in particular connectable to a source of refrigerant directly via the first end of the conduit or via a hydraulic member interposed between the conduit and the fluid source.
- the fluid source is in particular formed of a refrigerant circuit comprising the heat exchanger.
- the second end of the duct is for example closed by a plug, by a tip covering the second end of the duct and / or by a lid that can be integrated into the duct, in particular by brazing.
- the cap may also for example still be formed by a wall of the manifold placed in abutment against an end portion of the conduit.
- a plurality of mixing members are distributed along the longitudinal axis of the conduit. It is understood here that in this plane, the mixing members are separated from each other by a non-zero longitudinal distance along the longitudinal axis of the duct.
- At least one mixing member is disposed upstream of at least one orifice, in a direction of flow of the refrigerant inside the conduit defined from the inlet mouth to the orifice.
- the obstacle formed by the mixing member disturbs the flow of the coolant and promotes its drive to the orifice located downstream of the mixing member.
- at least one mixing member is interposed between at least two orifices distributed along the longitudinal axis of the conduit.
- the relative positions between the orifices and the mixing members along the duct are adapted taking into account in particular the speed of the refrigerant inside the duct and / or the variation of the state of the mixture of the duct. refrigerant flowing along the duct.
- the mixing members are arranged at a first separation distance between two adjacent mixing members which is equal to a second separation distance of two adjacent orifices.
- at least one orifice is equidistant from two mixing members.
- the mixing members are arranged at a first separation distance between two adjacent mixing members which is greater than a second separation distance from two adjacent orifices.
- At least one mixing member is interposed between two groups of orifices each comprising, for information purposes, a number of orifices comprised between one and four.
- the mixing member is in the form of a ring, the opening of which, through a passage for the cooling fluid, is arranged.
- the periphery of the ring espouses the inner face of the duct wall or in other words is in contact with the inner face of the duct along its circumference.
- the ring is preferably centered on the longitudinal axis of the duct.
- Such a ring can be advantageously secured by brazing to the conduit or for example still be formed by deformation of the wall of the conduit causing a backflow of constituent material of the ring.
- the size of the opening of the ring is between 10% and 70% of the largest dimension of the recess of the duct measured in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the duct.
- the openings of at least two successive rings along the longitudinal axis of the conduit are of identical sections in the plane of the rings.
- the openings of at least two successive rings along the longitudinal axis of the duct are of different sections in the plane of the rings.
- the sections of the openings of the rings vary according to their position along the longitudinal axis of the duct.
- the variations of the sections of the openings of the rings may be regular or irregular, particularly as a function of the successive positions of the rings, along the longitudinal axis of the duct.
- the openings of the rings are gradually narrowed along the longitudinal axis of the duct from the first longitudinal end to the second longitudinal end of the duct or in other words according to the direction of circulation of the refrigerant since the inlet mouth to the orifices.
- At least one mixing member is shaped in at least one helical portion wrapped around the longitudinal axis of the conduit. It will be noted that at least one mixing device is capable of being shaped into a ring and at least one mixing device is capable of being shaped into at least one helix portion.
- a plurality of mixing members are shaped like angularly distributed helices around the longitudinal axis of the duct. More particularly, each of the helices is wound around the longitudinal axis of the duct extending along the duct in its portion comprising the orifice or orifices.
- At least one orifice passes through at least one mixing device.
- the conduit comprises mixing bodies configured as helices, at least one orifice that can pass through the projecting relief formed by a helix and at least one orifice that can pass through the wall of the duct between two propellers.
- the conduit comprises mixing members shaped rings, at least one orifice that can pass through a ring and at least one orifice that can pass through the wall of the conduit between two rings.
- a length of the orifices measured between these outlets is likely to vary, according to its position along the longitudinal axis of the duct.
- At least one orifice is capable of extending through the wall of the duct through a mixing member and at least one orifice is capable of extending through the wall of the duct in a zone of the duct devoid of a mixing member. .
- the mixture of the refrigerant fluid between a gaseous phase and a liquid phase can thus be controlled by varying the length of the orifices along the conduit.
- the mixture of the refrigerant discharged through each of the orifices can be adjusted to provide a distribution of the refrigerant fluid from the mixing device which is generally homogeneous along the longitudinal axis of the leads.
- the mixture of the refrigerant between its gaseous phase and its liquid phase inside the conduit can be controlled according to the relative positions of the orifices relative to the mixing members. It can in particular be taken into account a proximity between the obstacles formed by the mixing members and the outlet of at least a portion of the orifices inside the conduit, and / or the character crossing or not of at least one organ mixing by at least one orifice.
- the invention also relates to a heat exchanger equipped with a mixing device according to the invention.
- a heat exchanger of the invention comprises a manifold housing a chamber housing a mixing device according to the invention.
- the heat exchanger also comprises tubes of a tube bundle opening on the chamber for their supply of refrigerant fluid by the mixing device.
- the mixing device is in particular incorporated in a wall of the manifold by brazing.
- the positioning of the mixing device inside the manifold can advantageously be achieved via at least one angular and / or axial positioning device interposed between the mixing device and a wall of the manifold.
- One or more such positioning devices are preferably provided at at least one of the longitudinal ends of the duct along its longitudinal axis. Brazing between the mixing device and a wall of the header box can be achieved via at least one such positioning device.
- a circulation space of the refrigerant fluid is formed inside the chamber at least partially around the mixing device to outlets of the tubes of the beam on the chamber.
- an additional step of mixing the refrigerant between its liquid phase and its gaseous phase can be performed inside the chamber prior to its admission into the tubes of the bundle.
- the orifices and outlets of the tubes of the beam on the chamber are angularly offset relative to each other about the longitudinal axis of the duct.
- the circulation path of the refrigerant inside the manifold can thus be adjusted according to the mixture of the refrigerant to be obtained inside the chamber.
- Such adjustment is in particular provided via one or more angular and / or axial positioning devices interposed between the mixing device and a wall of the header box.
- the orifices and outlets of the tubes of the beam on the chamber are arranged diametrically opposite each other with respect to the longitudinal axis of the duct, to optimize the flow path of the refrigerant fluid inside the chamber. bedroom.
- the outlets of the tubes of the beam on the chamber are formed through a wall of the manifold defining the chamber.
- the tubes of the bundle are formed between plates incorporating the manifold by being stacked along the longitudinal axis of the conduit.
- the plates have eyelets which define the chamber and which are extended by extensions of the plates leaving the tubes of the bundle between them.
- the eyelets are crossed by the mixing device.
- the mixing device may be placed in contact with the eyelets at at least one of its ends.
- the heat exchanger is more particularly configured to be used as an evaporator.
- the heat exchanger can be used to cool an air flow therethrough or to cool a liquid dedicated to cooling an organ, such as at least one battery of a vehicle providing the energy required at least in part to his propulsion.
- the invention also relates to a refrigerant circuit comprising at least one compressor, a condenser, an expansion device and a heat exchanger according to the invention, traversed by a refrigerant.
- the invention also relates to a ventilation system, heating and / or air conditioning, or air conditioning installation, configured to equip a vehicle.
- the air conditioning installation of the invention comprises at least one heat exchanger according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a refrigerant circuit participating in an air conditioning installation of a vehicle.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a heat exchanger that comprises the circuit shown schematically in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective illustration of a mixing device according to the invention.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 are partial illustrations of a mixing device according to an embodiment of the invention, shown in perspective in Figure 4 and in longitudinal section in Figure 5.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 are partial illustrations of a mixing device according to another embodiment of the invention, shown in perspective in Figure 6 and in longitudinal section in Figure 7.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 are partial illustrations of a mixing device according to another embodiment of the invention, shown in perspective in Figure 8 and in longitudinal section in Figure 9.
- FIG. 10 is a partial longitudinal sectional illustration of an embodiment of a heat exchanger equipped with a mixing device of the type shown in Figures 6 and 7.
- an air conditioning installation for a vehicle includes a closed circuit 1 inside which circulates a refrigerant fluid FR.
- the circuit 1 essentially comprises, successively in the direction SI of circulation of the refrigerant fluid FR, a compressor 2, a condenser 3 or gas cooler, an expansion member 4 and at least one heat exchanger 5 .
- the heat exchanger 5 is for example dedicated to the cooling of a flow of air FA passing through it, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
- a flow of air FA is notably used for thermally treat the air of the passenger compartment of the vehicle or for example still to cool a body of the vehicle in operation.
- the heat exchanger 5 is dedicated to the cooling of a liquid operated to cool an organ of the vehicle in operation, such as one or more batteries supplying electrical energy to a propulsive electric engine of the vehicle.
- the heat exchanger 5 comprises a bundle 6 interposed between a manifold 7 and a return box 8.
- the manifold 7 extends in a longitudinal direction D1 oriented perpendicularly to a direction D3 d extension of the tubes 12 of the bundle 6 between the manifold 7 and the return box 8.
- the manifold 7 defines a chamber 9 supplied with refrigerant fluid FR through an inlet mouth 10.
- the refrigerant fluid FR flows to the inside the heat exchanger 5 to cool at least the tubes 12 of the bundle 6 and the FA air passing therethrough, then is discharged out of the heat exchanger 5 through an outlet mouth 11.
- the outlet mouth 11 is formed through the manifold 7, which implies that the heat exchanger 5 is a heat exchanger with "U" circulation.
- the outlet mouth 11 may be formed through the return box 8, which then implies that the heat exchanger 5 is an "I" circulation heat exchanger.
- the heat exchanger 5 is of the U-circulation type of the refrigerant fluid FR.
- the heat exchanger 5 is intended for cooling an air flow FA.
- the tubes 12 of the bundle 6 comprise fins 13 promoting the heat exchange between the air flow FA and the tubes 12 of the bundle 6.
- the air flow FA passes through the bundle 6 transversely to the general plane PI of the heat exchanger 5, flowing along the tubes 12.
- the refrigerant fluid FR flows from the manifold 7 to a first ply 12a of tubes 12 of the bundle 6 dedicated to the supply of the return box 8 of refrigerant FR. Then the refrigerant fluid FR flows from the gearbox 8 to the manifold 7 through a second ply 12b of tubes 12 of the bundle 6. The first ply 12a and the second ply 12b are superimposed according to the flow direction of the flow of air FA through the heat exchanger 5.
- Such a configuration of the heat exchanger 5 makes it particularly useful to obtain a homogeneous distribution of the refrigerant fluid FR between its liquid phase and its gaseous phase and a homogeneous distribution of the refrigerant fluid FR along the manifold 7 to each of the tubes 12 of the first ply 12a of the bundle 6.
- the chamber 9 houses a mixing device 18 extending in a longitudinal direction D2 parallel to the longitudinal extension direction D1 of the manifold 7.
- the mixing device 18 comprises a conduit 14 extending along a longitudinal axis A1 between a first end 15 and a second end 16 of the mixing device 18.
- the conduit 14 is intended in particular to provide a homogenization of the refrigerant FR between its liquid phase and its gaseous phase during its evacuation
- the longitudinal axis Al of the duct 14 is oriented parallel to the extension direction D1 of the manifold 7 and defines the longitudinal extension direction D2 of the mixing device 18.
- the mixing device 18 is potentially centered within the manifold 7 as illustrated in Figure 1. Alternatively, the mixing device 18 may be eccentric inside the collector box 7 with respect to a central longitudinal axis A2 of extension of the header 7.
- the mixing device 18 comprises an inlet mouth 10 for its refrigerant supply FR.
- the inlet mouth 10 is formed at a first longitudinal end of the conduit 14.
- the inlet mouth 10 is capable of receiving the refrigerant fluid FR from outside the mixing device 18 either directly or via a connecting member of the heat exchanger 5 with the fluid circuit 1 illustrated in Figure 1.
- the second end of the conduit 14 is closed.
- At least one orifice 17 is formed through the conduit 14 for the discharge of the refrigerant fluid FR from the conduit 14 to the chamber 9.
- the conduit 14 preferably comprises a plurality of orifices 17 arranged over at least a part of its length. to promote the homogenization of the refrigerant fluid FR discharged along the conduit 14 between its liquid phase and its gas phase.
- the mixing device 18 illustrated for example in Figures 3 to 9 is arranged to be housed inside a chamber 9 of a manifold 7 that includes a heat exchanger 5, as illustrated for example in Figure 10.
- the mixing devices 18 comprise the conduit 14 provided with the orifices 17 which are formed through the wall 14a of the conduit 14 being aligned along a straight line L1 oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis Al of the duct 14.
- the duct 14 has the inlet mouth 10 at its first longitudinal end 15 and is closed at its second longitudinal end 16.
- the duct 14 is for example closed by a nozzle 16a which is brazed on the conduit 14 at its second longitudinal end 16.
- the conduit 14 may optionally also be equipped with an angular positioning device and / or axial 15a of the conduit to the 7.
- the conduit 14 is for example still closed by a lid 16b which is formed and / or soldered on the conduit 14 at its second longitudinal end 16.
- the orifices 17 extend along a straight line L1, advantageously parallel to the longitudinal axis of the duct 14.
- the duct 14 houses a mixing means 19 disposed inside its recess 14b, the latter being delimited by the wall 14a of the duct 14.
- the mixing means 19 comprises several mixing members 19a or 19b which are integrated with the internal face 14c of the duct 14. In FIGS. 4 to 7 for example, the mixing members 19a are integrated by soldering.
- the mixing members 19b are integrated with the internal face 14c of the wall 14a by machining the duct 14 or by forming the mixing members 19b during a molding of the duct 14.
- conduit 14 and the mixing members 19a or 19b form a unitary unit or in other words a monobloc assembly forming the mixing device 18.
- the mixing members 19a or 19b extend partially inside the duct 14 at least in a transverse direction DT to its longitudinal axis Al.
- the dimension DTl of the trans-extension pours mixing elements 19a or 19b towards the inside.
- the interior of the duct 14, or in other words perpendicularly in the direction of its longitudinal axis A1, is included as an indication between 30% and 90% of the largest transverse dimension DT2 of the recess 14b of the duct 14.
- the mixing members 19a or 19b form obstacles opposing a laminar flow of the refrigerant fluid FR inside the conduit 14.
- the obstacles are arranged at least partly upstream of an orifice 17 along the direction SI of circulation of the refrigerant fluid FR inside the conduit 14 from the inlet port 10 to the orifices 17.
- the mixing members 19a or 19b thus disturb the laminar flow of the refrigerant fluid FR which promotes its mixing between a gaseous phase and a liquid phase inside the conduit 14.
- the flow of the refrigerant fluid FR is broken. against the obstacles formed by the mixing members 19a or 19b, with the effect of promoting the forced passage of the refrigerant fluid FR to the orifices 17 and thus to improve again its mixing between its gaseous phase and its liquid phase during its spraying 17.
- a central zone Za of the duct 14 is delimited locally along the longitudinal axis Al of the duct 14 by the mixing members 19a or 19b, extending perpendicularly between the longitudinal axis Al of the duct 14 and the ducts 14a. mixing members 19a or 19b.
- a passage for the refrigerant fluid FR is thus provided along the conduit 14 from its first longitudinal end 15 which is provided with the inlet port 10 towards its second longitudinal end 16 which is closed.
- the refrigerating fluid FR is discharged out of the conduit 14 by fractions of refrigerant liquid FR whose quantities are dependent on the disturbances generated by the mixing members 19a or 19b opposing the flow of the refrigerant fluid FR towards the second longitudinal end 16 of the conduit 14.
- the thickness of the wall 14a of the duct 14 varies along the duct 14 because of the integration in its wall 14a mixing members 19a or 19b. More particularly in a longitudinal plane PL, the thickness Epi of the duct in its zones free of mixing members 19a or 19b is less than its thickness Ep2 in the zones of the duct 14 comprising the mixing members 19a or 19b.
- the thickness Ep 1, Ep 2 of the wall 14 a of the duct 14 varies in perpendicular planes PP distant from each other along the longitudinal axis Al of the duct 14, depending on the presence or no mixing devices 19a or 19b in perpendicular planes PP considered.
- the mixing members 19a are formed by rings 20a which are oriented in their plane perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis A1 of the conduit 14.
- the rings 20a can also be inclined in the longitudinal plane PL with respect to the longitudinal axis Al of the duct 14 to form ramps forcing the refrigerant fluid FR to move towards the inner face 14c of the wall 14a of the duct 14 and more particularly towards the orifices 17.
- the opening 21 of the rings 20a delimits the central zone Za of the duct 14 forming a passage allowing the cooling fluid FR to circulate towards the second longitudinal end 16 of the duct 14.
- the rings 20a are distributed along the duct 14, being arranged at a first distance Lgl from each other along the longitudinal axis Al of the duct 14. In the illustrated examples, the rings 20a are arranged at equal distance Lgl of each other and each ring 20a is interposed between two orifices 17. The orifices 17 are aligned along the line L1 being spaced from each other by a second distance Lg2 equal to the first separation distance Lgl of the rings 20a from each other.
- the openings 21 of the rings 20a are of identical sections in the plane of the rings 20a or in other words in a perpendicular plane PP to the axis longitudinal Al of the duct 14.
- the openings 21 of the rings 20a are of different sections in the plane of the rings 20a. More particularly, the sections of the openings 21 of the rings 20a vary along the longitudinal axis Al of the duct 14, progressively decreasing from the first longitudinal end 15 of the duct 14 towards its second longitudinal end 16 of the duct 14 in its portion comprising the rings 20a. . In the illustrated example, the variation of the section of the openings 21 rings 20a is regular. In the plane of the rings 20a, the variation of the section of the openings 21 of the rings 20a is defined by a cone C1 which delimits the openings 21 of each of the rings 20a and whose apex is oriented towards the second longitudinal end 16 of the duct 14.
- the angle B1 of the cone C1 can be adapted according to the length dimension of the duct 14, at least in its part comprising the orifices 17 and / or the mixing members 19a.
- the angle B1 of the cone C1 is between 3 ° and 6 ° for a length of the portion of the duct 14 having the orifices 17 of between 200 mm and 300 mm and / or for a number of orifices 17 included between 15 and 30.
- the mixing members 19b are inclined at least in a longitudinal plane PL extending along the longitudinal axis A1 of the conduit 14. More particularly, the mixing members 19b are formed by threads 20b arranged in helices of the same pitch not wound around the longitudinal axis A1 of the duct 14.
- the threads 20b extend along the duct 14 in a helical curve defined by a combination between a perpendicular direction and a longitudinal direction relative to to the longitudinal axis Al of the duct 14.
- the threads 20b are angularly distributed around the longitudinal axis Al of the duct 14.
- the mixing members 19b thus form i each a ramp 19c for guiding the refrigerant FR towards the inner face 14c of the duct 14.
- the ramps 19c progressively direct the refrigerant fluid FR towards at least a portion of the orifices 17 from the central zone Za of the duct 14.
- the ramps 19c progressively direct the refrigerant fluid FR towards each of the orifices 17a located immediately downstream of the mixing members 20b along the flow direction SI of the refrigerant fluid FR inside the conduit 14 from the inlet port 10 to the orifices 17.
- the threads 20b are arranged at a first distance Lgl from each other and the orifices 17 are arranged at a second distance Lg2 from each other. other along the longitudinal axis A1 of the conduit 14. More particularly in a longitudinal plane PL through the orifices 17 and along the longitudinal axis A1 of the conduit 14, the threads 20b are arranged equidistant from each other and the orifices 17 are arranged equidistant from each other.
- the second distance Lg2 is of the order of half of the first distance Lgl and each thread 20b is interposed between two first orifices 17a separated from each other by a second orifice 17b passing through a thread 20b.
- the threads 20b are equidistant from the first orifices 17a situated immediately downstream of the threads 20b, and the threads 20b are traversed by second orifices 17b interposed equidistant between two first orifices 17a successive.
- the orifices 17 thus have transverse extensions Epi, Ep2 which are different between two successive orifices 17a, 17b along the longitudinal axis Al of the duct 14.
- the orifices 17b extend through the wall 14a of the duct 14, passing through a valve member. mixing 19b, and have a transverse extension Ep2 greater than that Epi other orifices 17a which pass through an area of the wall 14a of the duct 14 which is free of mixer 19b.
- a heat exchanger 5 is equipped with a mixing device 18 housed inside a manifold box 7 that includes the heat exchanger 5.
- the mixing device 18 is installed inside the heat exchanger.
- the chamber 9 is delimited by eyelets 23 successively butted and fixed to each other, in particular by soldering, in the longitudinal direction D2 of extension of the dispensing device 18.
- the eyelets thus form the wall 7a of the manifold delimiting the chamber 9.
- the eyelets 23 comprise flanges 25 which are traversed by the dispensing device 18 at a distance transverse to the longitudinal axis A1 of the duct 14.
- the eyelets 23 are formed at the end of plates 26 forming between them the tubes 12 of the bundle 6.
- the outlets 24 of the tubes 12 of the bundle 6 are thus formed by openings formed through the wall 7a of the manifold 7 delimiting the Chamber 9, the outlets 24 of the tubes 12 of the bundle 6 being more specifically formed through the eyelets 23.
- the outlets 24 of the tubes 12 of the bundle 6 are configured in a funnel to increase the velocity of the refrigerant FR evacuated from the chamber 9 to the tubes 12 of the bundle 6.
- a space El of circulation of the refrigerant FR around the first conduit 14 is thus formed inside the chamber 9 between the wall 7a of the manifold and the mixing device 18.
- the orifices 17 are oriented diametrically opposite the outlets 24 of the tubes 12 of the bundle 6 with respect to the first longitudinal axis A1 of the first conduit 14.
- the refrigerant FR sprayed by the mixing device 18 is admitted inside the chamber 9, then circulates inside the space El around the conduit 14 to the outlets 24 of the tubes 12 of the bundle 6 for their supply of refrigerant FR .
- the mixing device which has just been described as a non-limiting example and its use will be constituted as soon as the mixing device comprises a duct whose internal face is configured as a means for mixing the refrigerant fluid between a liquid phase and a gaseous phase, the mixing means comprising at least one mixing member arranged on the internal face of the duct.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1661756A FR3059407B1 (fr) | 2016-11-30 | 2016-11-30 | Dispositif de mixage d'un fluide refrigerant a l'interieur d'une boite collectrice d'un echangeur thermique |
PCT/FR2017/053303 WO2018100301A1 (fr) | 2016-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | Dispositif de mixage d'un fluide réfrigérant à l'intérieur d'une boîte collectrice d'un échangeur thermique |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3548826A1 true EP3548826A1 (fr) | 2019-10-09 |
EP3548826B1 EP3548826B1 (fr) | 2023-05-24 |
Family
ID=57909718
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17817791.1A Active EP3548826B1 (fr) | 2016-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | Dispositif de mixage d'un fluide réfrigérant à l'intérieur d'une boîte collectrice d'un échangeur thermique |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3548826B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN110214257B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3059407B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2018100301A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1537553A (en) * | 1924-06-10 | 1925-05-12 | Samuel W Rushmore | Radiator |
JPH04155194A (ja) * | 1990-10-17 | 1992-05-28 | Nippondenso Co Ltd | 熱交換器 |
US6449979B1 (en) * | 1999-07-02 | 2002-09-17 | Denso Corporation | Refrigerant evaporator with refrigerant distribution |
JP2002022313A (ja) * | 2000-07-06 | 2002-01-23 | Matsushita Refrig Co Ltd | 分流器 |
CN101788242A (zh) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-07-28 | 三花丹佛斯(杭州)微通道换热器有限公司 | 用于热交换器的制冷剂分配器和热交换器 |
CN101691981B (zh) * | 2009-07-23 | 2011-12-07 | 三花丹佛斯(杭州)微通道换热器有限公司 | 具有改进的制冷剂流体分配均匀性的多通道换热器 |
US20110290465A1 (en) | 2010-06-01 | 2011-12-01 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Orientation insensitive refrigerant distributor tube |
US9772145B2 (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2017-09-26 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Flat plate heat exchanger having fluid distributor inside manifold |
WO2014143951A2 (fr) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Distributeur de réfrigérant |
US10168084B2 (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2019-01-01 | Denso Corporation | Refrigerant evaporator |
-
2016
- 2016-11-30 FR FR1661756A patent/FR3059407B1/fr active Active
-
2017
- 2017-11-30 WO PCT/FR2017/053303 patent/WO2018100301A1/fr unknown
- 2017-11-30 CN CN201780083497.XA patent/CN110214257B/zh active Active
- 2017-11-30 EP EP17817791.1A patent/EP3548826B1/fr active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2018100301A1 (fr) | 2018-06-07 |
CN110214257B (zh) | 2021-08-17 |
EP3548826B1 (fr) | 2023-05-24 |
FR3059407A1 (fr) | 2018-06-01 |
CN110214257A (zh) | 2019-09-06 |
FR3059407B1 (fr) | 2019-10-18 |
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