EP3541546A1 - Electrohydraulic forming method and associated device - Google Patents
Electrohydraulic forming method and associated deviceInfo
- Publication number
- EP3541546A1 EP3541546A1 EP17818048.5A EP17818048A EP3541546A1 EP 3541546 A1 EP3541546 A1 EP 3541546A1 EP 17818048 A EP17818048 A EP 17818048A EP 3541546 A1 EP3541546 A1 EP 3541546A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blank
- electrodes
- mold
- cavity
- blank holder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/06—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves
- B21D26/12—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves initiated by spark discharge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
- B21D26/023—Deforming sheet bodies including an additional treatment performed by fluid pressure, e.g. perforating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
- B21D26/031—Mould construction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrohydraulic forming method and an electrohydraulic forming device.
- Electrohydraulic forming makes it possible to deform a blank of material against a mold by application of a dynamic pressure. For this purpose, an electrical discharge is generated between at least two electrodes in a cavity filled with liquid, for example water. An electric arc is then formed between the two electrodes causing a high temperature gradient and the vaporization of the liquid. A pressure wave, also commonly known as a "shock wave", moves at high speed and presses the blank of material against the mold. Electrohydraulic forming is particularly advantageous in comparison with other forming processes since it allows for a reduced springback and to obtain improved engraving type details and / or sharp angles and / or elongations before breaking. pieces to form.
- US8844331 proposes to solve this problem by bringing the electrodes of the blank of material after each discharge and before each new discharge by moving the electrodes.
- the electrodes are mounted on a movable part of the cavity. Because of the high voltages used to generate an electrical discharge between the electrodes, the current supply conductors connecting the electrodes to the pulse voltage generators are heavy, bulky, and tend to be damaged by repeated displacements. In these current supply conductors flow currents of the order of a few tens or hundreds of kA.
- the device proposed by the document US8844331 to allow the displacement of the electrodes and therefore in part of the supply leads of the current feeding them is therefore rather complex, bulky and raises reliability problems.
- the present invention aims in particular to overcome the disadvantages of the aforementioned prior art.
- the present invention proposes, according to a first aspect, an electrohydraulic forming process in which:
- a blank of material to be deformed is placed between a mold and a blank holder
- a cavity is filled with liquid in which electrodes are located up to a predetermined liquid level
- a first electrical discharge is generated between at least two electrodes so as to deform the blank of material against the mold
- the mold is brought closer to the electrodes by moving the mold so as to reduce the distance between the electrodes and the blank of material to be deformed after having generated the first electric discharge,
- At least one other electrical discharge is generated between at least two electrodes so as to deform the blank of material against the mold.
- the mold is moved and the cavity remains fixed.
- the current supply conductors connecting the high voltage generator to the electrodes are not displaced, which tends to limit their damage.
- one or more other electric discharges are generated during the approach of the mold.
- the mold can therefore be moved continuously while successive electrical discharges are generated. In this way, the number of discharges made in a given cycle time is increased. It should be noted that the approach speed is not necessarily constant and that the electric discharges can take place at time intervals between one hundredth of a second and several seconds, depending on the approach speed, the complexity of the workpiece and the high-voltage pulse generator used.
- the pulse high voltage generator may comprise several modules connected to one or more pairs of electrodes.
- the electrohydraulic forming device comprises a single pair of electrodes
- the different modules connected to the same pair of electrodes can be triggered to generate the successive discharges.
- the electrohydraulic forming device comprises several pairs of electrodes
- the modules connected to the different pairs of electrodes can be triggered successively or simultaneously. When triggered simultaneously, a larger shock wave can be generated.
- a vacuum is created between the blank of material and the mold. This improves the electrohydraulic forming efficiency.
- the present invention proposes, according to a second aspect, an electrohydraulic forming device that can be used to implement the method according to the invention comprising:
- a mold mounted on a plate, able to move towards the electrodes, the plate being mounted mobile with respect to the frame,
- the electrohydraulic forming device further comprises a blank holder adapted to hold the blank of material to deform against the mold when the mold moves, the blank holder being placed in the frame.
- the device according to the invention is therefore more solid and reliable.
- the device comprises a vacuum pump.
- the vacuum pump provides a vacuum between the mold and the blank of material to improve the electrohydraulic forming efficiency.
- the blank holder extends longitudinally toward the electrodes and at least partially surrounds the electrodes.
- the blank holder serves as a reflector and improves the forming efficiency.
- the blank holder also prevents the shock waves from propagating towards the walls of the cavity or frame and to prevent damage, particularly with regard to the welds, if it is made of a welded structure.
- the cavity is formed at least in part by the frame.
- the device When the cavity is formed in the frame, the device is less complex and less bulky.
- the electrodes are carried by a base resting on a bottom wall of the frame, the cavity being then delimited by the base and the blank holder.
- the cavity is of reduced volume, which saves liquid and fills the cavity more quickly.
- the blank holder is attached to the mold.
- This device is particularly advantageous when one seeks to fix small parts for which it is not necessary to control refacing or the pressure exerted by the blank holder, in this case reduction is reduced.
- the blank holder is mounted on at least one jack, a first end of each cylinder being fixed to the bottom wall of the frame, a second end of each jack being fixed to the blank holder.
- the establishment of the blank of material to be formed between the mold and the blank holder is facilitated since the blank of material to be deformed is deposited on the blank holder.
- the mold is then lowered until it is in contact with the blank of material.
- the pressure exerted by the blank holder on the blank of material can be selected and regulated by controlling the pressure exerted by the jack.
- the at least one jack is a gas spring.
- the pressure exerted on the blank of material is then constant regardless of the position of the mold in the frame, since the mold is in contact with the blank of material.
- the electrohydraulic forming device comprises a cylindrical reflector placed between the electrodes and the side wall of the frame, preferably between the electrodes and the blank holder.
- the cylindrical reflector has a section (circular, elliptical, square, ...) adapted to that of the workpiece.
- a reflector improves the forming efficiency and prevents the shock waves from propagating towards the walls of the cavity or of the frame and to prevent damage, especially at the level of the welds if the cavity or the frame are made of a mechanical structure -soudée
- FIGS. 1 to 4 illustrate various stages of an electrohydraulic forming process according to the invention, the method being implemented implemented with an electrohydraulic forming device according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 5 illustrates an electrohydraulic forming device according to a variant embodiment
- FIG. 6 illustrates an electrohydraulic forming device according to another variant embodiment
- FIG. 7 illustrates an electrohydraulic forming device according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 1 represents an electrohydraulic forming device 100 according to a first embodiment.
- This electrohydraulic forming device 100 comprises a frame 1 10 and a plate 120 on which is mounted a mold 130.
- the plate 120, and therefore the mold 130, are movable by relative to the frame 1 10.
- the plate 120 is mounted on a press integral with the frame 1 10.
- a blank of material 150 to be deformed is placed between the mold 130 and a blank holder 140.
- the blank holder 140 is fixed on the mold 130.
- the frame 1 10 has a bottom wall 1 12 and a side wall 1 14.
- the bottom wall 1 12, the side wall 1 14 and the edges of the blank holder 140 define a cavity intended to be filled with a liquid, for example water.
- a pumping circuit associated with a pump 180 makes it possible to fill the cavity with liquid.
- a vacuum pump 170 makes it possible to evacuate in the space between the mold 130 and the blank of material 150 to be deformed and in the cavity, more particularly in the space between the blank of material 150 and the blank holder 140
- On the bottom wall 1 12 are mounted at least two electrodes 160 connected to current leads, which may be, for example, cables or insulated metal plates (not shown in the drawings). These current supply conductors may be connected to an electrical generator for generating high voltage pulses sufficient to cause an electric discharge between two electrodes 160.
- the current supply conductors may pass sealingly through the walls of the built or pass over the edges of the walls of the frame.
- one of the electrodes is formed by the bottom wall 1 12.
- a first step the blank of material 150 to be deformed between the mold 130 and the blank holder 140 is placed and the blank holder 140 is clamped against the blank of material 150, for example by means of screws.
- the cavity in which the electrodes 160 of liquid are filled to a predefined level is filled.
- the lower portion of the blank holder 140 is brought into contact with the liquid of the cavity, for example by bringing the mold 130 closer to the electrodes 160 by moving the mold 130, or by filling the cavity again.
- a vacuum is created between the blank holder 140 and the blank of material 150.
- the filling of the cavity with liquid is continued until that liquid is in contact with the blank of material 150.
- a vacuum is then created between the blank of material 150 and the mold 130.
- a second step it causes a first electrical discharge between the two electrodes 160 so as to create an electric arc between the electrodes. Since the two electrodes 160 are immersed in a liquid, for example water, the electric arc causes a strong temperature gradient until the water is vaporized between the electrodes 160. This vaporization generates a pressure wave, as well. called “shock wave” thereafter, propagating in the liquid to reach the blank of material 150 to deform. Under the effect of the shock wave, the blank of material deforms against the mold as illustrated in FIG.
- a third step the mold 130 is brought closer to the electrodes 160 by moving the mold 130 so as to reduce the distance between the blank of material and the electrodes as illustrated in FIG. 3. Another electrical discharge is then caused between the two electrodes 160 as shown in Figure 4. The blank of material is again pressed against the mold 130 by a new shock wave and its shape is closer to that of the mold. If necessary, we repeat this third step as many times as necessary until we reach the desired shape.
- the electric discharges caused between the electrodes 160 may be generated as the mold 130 approaches the electrodes by moving continuously or after the mold 130 has moved closer to a predetermined distance according to an approach. sequentially.
- the approach speed is not necessarily constant and the electric discharges can take place at time intervals between one hundredth of a second and several seconds, depending on the speed of approach, the complexity of the workpiece and the high-voltage pulse generator used.
- the pulse high-voltage generator may comprise several simultaneously charged modules that can be discharged simultaneously and / or successively.
- the different modules are connected to a single pair of electrodes and can be triggered successively to generate the successive discharges.
- the electrohydraulic forming device comprises several pairs of electrodes and the modules connected to the different pairs of electrodes can be triggered successively or simultaneously. When triggered simultaneously, a larger shock wave can be generated.
- FIG. 5 represents an alternative embodiment of the device described with reference to FIG. 1. Most elements of this embodiment are identical to those described above. With respect to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4, for example, the presence of centering and centering pegs 125 is noted.
- the wedge and centering pegs 125 are used to guide the displacement of the plate 120 when the plate 120 is mounted on a press disengaged from the frame 1 10.
- the wedge and centering pins 125 guide the displacement of the plate 120 relative to the clamp 140 so that the underside of the mold 130 rests on the upper face of the blanket 140 '. They also limit the maximum height of flapping of the plate in order to control the minimum distance between the electrodes and the blank of material.
- the electrodes 160 are arranged at a distance from the bottom wall 1 12, for example by being mounted for example on a base 190.
- each of the electrodes or each pair of The electrodes could be carried by an individual arm (not shown here).
- the blank holder 140 ' extends longitudinally in the direction 160.
- the blank holder 140 ' is mounted on one or more cylinders, preferably three cylinders 142, which may, for example, be gas springs.
- One end of each jack is fixed on the bottom wall January 12 of the frame and their other end is fixed to the blank holder 140 '.
- the pressure of the cylinder or the gas spring is controlled so as to be able to control the blanking pressure exerted on the blank of material 150 regardless of the position of the mold 130 inside the cavity. Since the blank holder 140 'is not fixed to the mold as before, it will be sufficient to place the blank of material 150 to be deformed on the blank holder 140' and then to lower the mold 130 so that it is in contact with the blank. blank of material 150 to maintain the blank of material against the mold 130.
- the hydraulic forming method is therefore similar to that described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.
- the blank of material 150 is no longer held against the mold 130 by means of a greenhouse -flan 140 screwed onto the mold 130.
- the blank of material 150 to be deformed is deposited on the blank holder 140 'and the mold 130 is lowered to come to rest on the blank of material 150 and the clamp- 140 'flank.
- the shock waves are reflected on the blank holder and confined to the space defined by the blank holder inside the cavity .
- the propagation of the shock waves towards the frame is thus attenuated and their effectiveness to deform the blank of material 150 improved.
- FIG. 6 illustrates another variant embodiment in which a cylindrical tube 195, hereinafter referred to as a "virolle”, preferably with a cross-section adapted to the shape of the part, is placed between the electrodes 160 and the blank holder 140 ' , so as to surround the electrodes 160.
- This virole 195 acts as a reflector of the pressure waves generated by the electric discharge between the electrodes 160.
- the virole 195 may also be placed between the blank holder 140 and the side wall January 14 of the frame in the embodiment of Figures 1 to 4 to reflect the shock waves propagating towards the frame 1 10.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a second embodiment of an electrohydraulic forming device 200 which comprises, as in the first embodiment embodiment of a frame 210, a movable plate 220 on which is mounted a mold 230, a blank holder 240 for holding the blank of material 250 to deform against the mold 230.
- Calibration and centering pins 225 similar to those described with reference to FIG. 5 are provided between the frame 210 and the movable plate 220 to guide the displacement of the plate 220 when the plate 220 is moved using a press detached from the frame 210 or a hydraulic cylinder located at above the plateau 220.
- the frame 210 comprises a bottom wall 212 and a side wall 214.
- the blank holder 240 extends longitudinally parallel to the side wall 214 of the frame 210.
- the blank holder 240 is mounted on one or more jacks 242, preferably three cylinders, the cylinders can be for example gas springs.
- One end of each of these cylinders 242 is fixed to the bottom wall 212 of the frame and the other end is fixed to the blank holder 240.
- the electrodes 260 are mounted on a base 290 comprising for example three feet 292 supporting a base 294
- the electrodes 260 are sealingly connected through the base 294, at least one foot 292 and the bottom wall 212 of the frame to an electrical generator for generating short high voltage pulses of high electrical power sufficient to cause a discharge.
- the base 290, and more particularly its base 294, the blank holder 240 and the blank of material 250 define a cavity intended to be filled with a liquid, for example water.
- a pumping circuit associated with a pump 280 makes it possible to fill the cavity with liquid.
- a cavity has the advantage of being optimally filled with a smaller volume of liquid compared to a comparable device of the prior art.
- the blank holder 240 makes it possible to reflect part of the shock wave generated following the electric discharge triggered between the electrodes, which makes it possible to limit the stress on the frame. Indeed, if the frame is stressed by the shock waves very regularly, it can become fragile, especially at the welds between its different parts if the frame is made of welded structure. Thus, a frame with thinner walls can be used.
- the blank of material 250 to be deformed is placed between the mold 230 and the blank holder 240 by depositing the blank blank of material 250 on the blank holder 240 and the mold 230 is lowered so that it is in contact with the blank of material 250.
- the pressure exerted on the blank of material 250 by the blank holder 240 is controlled by the or the cylinders 242, for example gas springs.
- the cavity in which the electrodes 260 are located is filled with liquid by means of the pump 280 while also creating a depression in the cavity by means of the vacuum pump 270. the cavity and also reduces the amount of air in the cavity and thereby improve the efficiency of electrohydraulic forming.
- the cavity is filled until the blank of material 150 is in contact with the liquid of the cavity.
- a vacuum is then created between the material blank 250 and the mold 230 using the pump 270.
- an electrohydroforming device and the forming methods described above make it possible to increase the forming efficiency exerted by the electric discharges between the electrodes by adjusting the distance between the electrodes and the blank of material. to deform.
- the fact of providing a displacement of the mold relative to the electrodes makes it possible to simplify the structure of the device with respect to a displacement of the electrodes because only mechanical elements are to be displaced and the electrical connections remain fixed.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1661070A FR3058655B1 (en) | 2016-11-15 | 2016-11-15 | ELECTROHYDRAULIC FORMING METHOD AND DEVICE THEREOF |
PCT/EP2017/079132 WO2018091436A1 (en) | 2016-11-15 | 2017-11-14 | Electrohydraulic forming method and associated device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3541546A1 true EP3541546A1 (en) | 2019-09-25 |
Family
ID=58401664
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17818048.5A Pending EP3541546A1 (en) | 2016-11-15 | 2017-11-14 | Electrohydraulic forming method and associated device |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11278948B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3541546A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2019537513A (en) |
CN (1) | CN110114162B (en) |
FR (1) | FR3058655B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018091436A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3092504B1 (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2021-01-22 | Adm28 S Ar L | Hybrid forming process and corresponding forming device |
CN112845792B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2022-12-20 | 三峡大学 | Arc explosion hot stamping bulging method and device |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3358487A (en) * | 1961-12-28 | 1967-12-19 | American Can Co | Electro-hydraulic forming apparatus |
US3491564A (en) * | 1967-11-24 | 1970-01-27 | Electro Form Inc | Electro-hydraulic flat forming system |
JPS4724347Y1 (en) * | 1969-06-30 | 1972-08-01 | ||
US3742746A (en) * | 1971-01-04 | 1973-07-03 | Continental Can Co | Electrohydraulic plus fuel detonation explosive forming |
US4068514A (en) * | 1976-07-12 | 1978-01-17 | Viktor Nikolaevich Chachin | Device for electrohydraulic die-forging |
JPH0976037A (en) * | 1995-09-12 | 1997-03-25 | Topy Ind Ltd | Disk forming method for automobile wheel and device therefor |
DE10019594A1 (en) | 2000-04-20 | 2001-10-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Method for pressing sheet metal has a hydromechanical press with pulse generators for producing localised pressure peaks for fine press detail |
CN2510196Y (en) * | 2001-11-07 | 2002-09-11 | 华中科技大学 | Metal thin-plate hydraulic-forming die apparatus |
US7827838B2 (en) * | 2008-05-05 | 2010-11-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Pulsed electro-hydraulic calibration of stamped panels |
US8534106B2 (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2013-09-17 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Hydromechanical drawing process and machine |
CN101791652B (en) * | 2010-03-03 | 2011-08-31 | 上海交通大学 | High-pressure gradual change forming device for inside of sheet |
US8844331B2 (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2014-09-30 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Electro-hydraulic forming process with electrodes that advance within a fluid chamber toward a workpiece |
KR101461882B1 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-11-14 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | Draw press system |
FR3013243B1 (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2016-01-01 | Adm28 S Ar L | ELECTRO-HYDROFORMING DEVICE |
-
2016
- 2016-11-15 FR FR1661070A patent/FR3058655B1/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-11-14 US US16/349,956 patent/US11278948B2/en active Active
- 2017-11-14 JP JP2019525748A patent/JP2019537513A/en active Pending
- 2017-11-14 WO PCT/EP2017/079132 patent/WO2018091436A1/en unknown
- 2017-11-14 CN CN201780070032.0A patent/CN110114162B/en active Active
- 2017-11-14 EP EP17818048.5A patent/EP3541546A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US11278948B2 (en) | 2022-03-22 |
CN110114162B (en) | 2021-04-20 |
FR3058655B1 (en) | 2019-06-07 |
WO2018091436A1 (en) | 2018-05-24 |
FR3058655A1 (en) | 2018-05-18 |
CN110114162A (en) | 2019-08-09 |
US20190299270A1 (en) | 2019-10-03 |
JP2019537513A (en) | 2019-12-26 |
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