EP3538478A1 - Dispositif microelectromecanique et/ou nanoelectromecanique articulé a deplacement hors-plan - Google Patents
Dispositif microelectromecanique et/ou nanoelectromecanique articulé a deplacement hors-planInfo
- Publication number
- EP3538478A1 EP3538478A1 EP17800921.3A EP17800921A EP3538478A1 EP 3538478 A1 EP3538478 A1 EP 3538478A1 EP 17800921 A EP17800921 A EP 17800921A EP 3538478 A1 EP3538478 A1 EP 3538478A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- articulated
- mems
- hinge
- nems
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 101100460147 Sarcophaga bullata NEMS gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 120
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000708 deep reactive-ion etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B3/00—Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
- B81B3/0035—Constitution or structural means for controlling the movement of the flexible or deformable elements
- B81B3/0051—For defining the movement, i.e. structures that guide or limit the movement of an element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2201/00—Specific applications of microelectromechanical systems
- B81B2201/02—Sensors
- B81B2201/0228—Inertial sensors
- B81B2201/0235—Accelerometers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
- B81B2203/01—Suspended structures, i.e. structures allowing a movement
- B81B2203/0109—Bridges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
- B81B2203/01—Suspended structures, i.e. structures allowing a movement
- B81B2203/0145—Flexible holders
- B81B2203/0154—Torsion bars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
- B81B2203/05—Type of movement
- B81B2203/058—Rotation out of a plane parallel to the substrate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a microelectromechanical device and / or nanoelectromechanical articulated out-of-plane displacement.
- Microelectromechanical systems or M EMS Microelectromechanical Systems in English terminology
- M EMS Microelectromechanical Systems in English terminology
- nanoelectromechanical NEMS Nanoelectromechanical Systems in Anglo-Saxon terminology
- M EMS Microelectromechanical Systems in English terminology
- NEMS Nanoelectromechanical Systems in Anglo-Saxon terminology
- the movable portion may be articulated relative to the substrate by a hinge type hinge, the movable portion then pivots about the axis of the hinge relative to the substrate.
- I l is for example used in multiaxis sensors.
- the inertial units can have up to 10 measuring axes: three accelerometers, three gyrometers, three magnetometers and a pressure sensor, to be able to detect the movements in the three directions.
- strain gauges are implemented, for example one or piezoelectric gauges or piezoresistive.
- the hinge joint is for example obtained by means of two blades extending perpendicular to the plane of the device, one edge is connected to the movable portion and an opposite edge is connected to the substrate.
- the blades deform in torsion about an axis parallel to the plane and define the axis of rotation, allowing the moving part to have an off-plane rotation movement.
- it is sought to achieve a hinge-gauge system having a good performance in order to recover a maximum signal at the level of the gauge.
- a hinge whose angular stiffness is much lower than that induced by the compression of the gauge during rotation, so that the energy lost in the deformation of the hinge is lower, and advantageously negligible compared to the useful energy used to compress the gauge.
- the object of the present invention is to achieve an articulated device having a first portion and a second portion movable relative to the first portion about an axis of rotation, at least the second portion extending between a first and second parallel planes, at least one blade extending perpendicular to the first plane and the second plane and parallel to the axis of rotation, said at least one blade connecting the first portion and the second portion, the blade being intended for to deform at least in torsion during the rotational movement of the second part relative to the first part.
- the device comprises at least one blade-shaped articulation element connecting the first part and the second part, so that the first part and the second part are articulated in rotation about an axis parallel to the first plane.
- the device also comprises at least one element sensitive to the displacement of the second part with respect to the first part, said sensitive element being suspended between the first part and the second part. At least one torsionally deformed blade is disposed between the hinge member and the sensing element.
- the second portion has a dimension in a first direction orthogonal to the first and second planes much greater than the dimensions in the first direction of the hinge member and the sensitive element.
- the second part forms, for example, the inertial mass with out-of-plane displacement. It has a large thickness and forms a rigid lever arm, limiting the energy losses in the deformation thereof.
- the sensing element may be a strain gauge
- the hinge member in the form of a blade has an angular stiffness much lower than that induced by the compression of the sensing element.
- the portion of energy used to deform the hinge is much lower than the useful part, used to compress the gauge.
- the hinge may advantageously be made by one or more blades connecting the fixed part of the MEMS to the lever arm. The sum of the sections of these blades will then be dimensioned so that the hinge has a compression stiffness much higher than that of the gauges.
- the energy resulting from the displacement of the second part preferentially compresses the gauges rather than the hinge, so that the arm rotates around the articulation by compressing the gauges, the compression of the gauges being negligible.
- the axis of rotation is then closer to the hinge element or in the hinge element.
- the gauge is advantageously fine which allows to concentrate the constraints and thus amplify the signal.
- the torsion blades provide a great stiffness in the out-of-plane direction and their torsional stiffness is negligible compared to that due to the stretching / compression of the gauge during the rotational displacement of the second part.
- the blades adapted to deform in torsion limit off-plan movements or cancel them, which is not suitable for the very fine articulation element.
- the blades have a low angular stiffness because of their small thickness, so they have little or no influence on the performance of the device.
- the joint capable of deforming in flexion limits displacements in the plane or even cancel them.
- this element has limited angular stiffness because of its small thickness.
- the combination of the blades capable of deforming in torsion blocking off-plane movements and the articulation blocking the movements in the plane forms a hinge whose axis of rotation is substantially at the intersection of the mean planes of the blades and the blade. articulation able to deform in flexion.
- the functions are separated by realizing, on the one hand, the function of resistance to movements in the plane by means of a thin element oriented so as to have a very low angular stiffness and a high stiffness in compression and compression. realizing on the other hand the function of off-plane movement by fine blades oriented so as to have a very low angular stiffness.
- Each element compensates for the great flexibility of the other in its direction of greater flexibility. We can then optimize each of the elements separately.
- the plane of greater rigidity of the blades capable of deforming in torsion is orthogonal to the plane of greater rigidity of the joint capable of deforming in flexion.
- the sensitive element is made of piezoresistive or piezoelectric material.
- the sensing element is a piezoelectric material
- the device may be an off-plane actuator by polarizing the piezoelectric material.
- the subject of the present invention is then an off-plane displacement MEMS and / or NEMS device comprising a first part, a second part, the second part being articulated in rotation with respect to the first part about a contained axis of rotation. in a plane parallel to an average plane of the device, at least one hinge element connecting the first part and the second part and biased in bending, at least one sensitive element extending between the first part and the second part and being intended to deform during the displacement of the second part relative to the first part, at least one blade extending perpendicularly to the mean plane of the articulated device and parallel to the axis of rotation, said at least one blade connecting the first part and in the second part and being intended to be stressed in torsion during the displacement of the second part relative to the first part, the said at least one blade being disposed between the hinge element and the sensitive element along a direction orthogonal to the mean plane of the device.
- the characteristic "said at least one blade being disposed between the hinge element and the sensitive element, along the axis orthogonal to the mean plane” means that the blade, the hinge element and the sensitive element are arranged in separate planes distributed along this direction, and that looking in this direction the blade is between the hinge element and the sensitive element.
- This feature is not limited to overlapping the blade, the hinge member and the sensing element along this direction.
- the hinge member has a very small angular stiffness compared to that generated by the sensitive element and a very large compression stiffness relative to that of the sensitive element.
- the hinge element advantageously has a dimension in a direction perpendicular to the mean plane of the weak device relative to that in the direction of the axis of rotation.
- the second portion advantageously has a dimension in a direction orthogonal to the mean plane of the articulated device very important relative to that of the hinge member and the sensitive element.
- the device comprises two blades (10) biased in torsion.
- the hinge element and / or the sensitive element is or are integral with the first part and the second part.
- the device MEMS and / NEMS articulated may comprise several hinge elements parallel to each other and / or several sensitive elements parallel to each other.
- the present invention also relates to a MEMS sensor and / or
- NEMS comprising at least one articulated device according to the invention, the at least one sensitive element comprising a piezoelectric material, a piezoelectric material or a resonant gauge.
- the present invention also relates to a MEMS actuator and / or NEMS comprising at least one articulated device according to the invention, the at least one sensitive element comprising a piezoelectric material.
- the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing an MEMS and / or NEMS articulated device according to the invention, comprising, from a substrate comprising a first thick layer of semiconductor material, a first layer of oxide and a monocrystalline semiconductor layer on the oxide layer, a) structuring the monocrystalline semiconductor layer so as to form at least one hinge element or at least one sensitive element, b) forming a protective layer located on said at least one hinge element or at least one sensitive element,
- At least partial closure of the trench may include complete closure of the trench at an open end or layer formation on trench walls.
- the second thick layer is formed by epitaxy.
- the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing an MEMS and / or NEMS articulated device according to the invention, comprising after step d),
- the subject of the present invention is also a method of manufacturing an MEMS and / or NEMS articulated device according to the invention comprising, from a thick substrate: - The realization of a trench so as to define the at least one sensitive element or at least one hinge element and at least one blade intended to be secured in torsion,
- the subject of the present invention is also a method for manufacturing an MEMS and / or NEMS articulated device according to the invention, comprising from a substrate comprising a first thick layer of semiconductor material, a first oxide layer and a monocrystalline semiconductor layer on the oxide layer,
- a ' structuring the monocrystalline semiconductor layer so as to form at least one articulation element or at least one sensitive element
- b' forming a protection layer located on said at least one element of articulation or at least one sensitive element
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view from above of an exemplary embodiment of a hinge device according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view from below of the device of FIG. 1, the substrate not being represented,
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the device of FIGS. 1 and 2 according to the sectional plane A,
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view from above of another exemplary embodiment of a hinge device according to the invention in which the hinge connection implements several hinge elements,
- FIGS. 5A to 51 are views from above and in section diagrammatically represented of different steps of an exemplary method for producing a hinge device according to the invention
- FIG. 5J is a perspective view of the device obtained in FIG.
- FIGS. 6A to 6D are top and sectional views diagrammatically represented of different steps of another example of a method for producing a device according to the invention.
- FIG. 6E is a perspective view of the device obtained in FIG.
- FIGS. 7A to 7E are two sectional views in different planes, diagrammatically represented in different steps of an exemplary method for producing a device according to the invention.
- FIGS. 8A to 8D are sectional views diagrammatically represented of different steps of another example of a method for producing a device according to the invention
- - Figures 9A to 9D are top views and in section schematically shown in different steps of another example of a method of producing a device according to the invention.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 an exemplary embodiment of an articulated device according to the invention can be seen.
- the device comprising a first portion 2 and a second portion 4 movable relative to each other.
- the first part 2 is fixed with respect to a substrate 3 of a MEMS and / or NEMS structure.
- the first and second parts are arranged next to each other and a hinge system 6 connects the first portion 2 and the second 4 hingeably about an axis of rotation Y.
- the MEMS structure has a mean plane relative to which are defined displacements in the plane and off-plane displacements.
- the first and second parts 2, 4 extend between two planes P1, P2 parallel to the average plane P of the structure.
- the first part 2 comprises a first face 2.1 contained in the plane PI and a second face 2.2 contained in the plane P2.
- the second part 4 comprises a first face 4.1 contained in the plane PI and a second face 4.2 contained in the plane P2.
- the articulation system 6 comprises a hinge element 8 in the form of a thin strip extending in the first face 2.1 of the first part 2 and the first face 4.1 of the second part 4.
- the hinge member 8 extends along an axis X and forms a hinge substantially defining the orientation and location of the axis of rotation Y of the hinge system.
- the axis of rotation is orthogonal to the axis X.
- the hinge element comprises two end portions 8.1, 8.2 in contact respectively with the faces 2.1 and 4.1 and a central portion 8.3 connecting the two end portions 8.1 and 8.2 and disposed in a plane P3 parallel and distinct from the plane Pl. But this is in no way limiting, a plane hinge element not outside the scope of the present invention.
- a device in which the hinge element is in one piece with the first part and the second part, is not outside the scope of the present invention.
- the thickness of the hinge element 8 in a Z direction perpendicular to the PI and P2 planes is sufficiently small so that the angular stiffness induced by the deformation of the strip is much smaller than that induced by the compression of a sensitive element which will be described later.
- the energy setting in motion the second part therefore serves mainly to deform the sensitive element and not the articulation element.
- the hinge member provides a compression / stretching stiffness along the X axis very large, so that the location of the Y axis of rotation is well defined is thus located closer to the articulation element.
- the thickness of the articulation element is for example between 100 nm to a few ⁇ .
- the device may comprise a plurality of hinge elements arranged parallel to one another and parallel to the X axis between the first part and the second part and distributed along the axis. Y axis.
- the sections of the hinge elements will be chosen so that their sum has a compression stiffness much higher than that of the sensitive element.
- the articulation element or elements have a small thickness.
- the cumulative width of the hinge elements may be different from that of the sensitive elements.
- hinge members having a small thickness and a large width to have large s sections, hinge members having a high compression stiffness and low angular stiffness can be obtained.
- the ratio t3 / wh is for example between 1 to 100.
- the hinge axis Y defined by the hinge member is located closer to the hinge member, or even in the hinge member.
- the hinge system also comprises a pair of blades 10 interposed between the first portion 2 and the second portion 4 and extending substantially in a plane orthogonal to the PI and P2 planes and containing the Y axis.
- Each blade 10 is such that it comprises a lateral edge 10.1 extending between the planes PI and P2 connected to the first part and the other lateral edge 10.2 integral with the second part.
- the blades are arranged substantially in the same plane R orthogonal to the plane PI and P2 and containing the axis of rotation Y. In addition, the blades are arranged symmetrically on either side of the longitudinal axis X.
- the axis of rotation is substantially at the intersection of the average plane R of the blades 10 and the average plane of the hinge element 10.
- the first part 2 has a longitudinal end 2.3 facing a longitudinal end 4.3 of the second part.
- the first portion 2 has two projecting lateral portions 12 and the second portion 4 has a central portion 14 projecting.
- the longitudinal end 2.3 has a central recess 16 substantially corresponding to the central portion 14 and the longitudinal end 2.4 has two lateral recesses 18 substantially corresponding to the lateral portions 12.
- the outer lateral edge 10.1 is connected to one of the lateral portions 12 of the first portion 2 and the inner lateral edge 10.2 is connected to the central portion 14 of the second portion.
- the blades are in one piece with the first portion and the second portion.
- the blades 10 are able to deform in torsion and make it possible to limit or even prohibit out-of-plane movements, i.e. along the Z axis, of the second part 4.
- the second part has a displacement in substantially pure rotation about the Y axis.
- the blades 10 do not intervene or very little in the definition of the location of the axis of rotation Y.
- a device having only one blade 10 is not beyond the scope of the present invention.
- the articulated device also comprises a sensitive element 20 disposed opposite the articulation element with respect to the blades 10.
- the hinge member is located above the sensing element.
- the sensitive element 20 may be a strain gauge for detecting the displacement in rotation between the first part and the second part and to measure this displacement. It may be a piezoresistive or piezoelectric material. Alternatively, the sensitive element could comprise at least one resonant beam to perform resonant detection. Alternatively, it may form an actuator and may be of piezoelectric material.
- the articulation element and the sensitive element are arranged one above the other in the Z direction, but a device in which the sensing element and the articulation element would not be superimposed in the direction Z does not fall outside the scope of the present invention.
- the thickness of the gauge in the Z direction is small, to concentrate the constraints and amplify the signal.
- the thickness is between a hundred nm and a few ⁇ .
- the thickness of the sensitive element would for example also be between a hundred nm and a few ⁇ .
- the sensitive element 20 has a face contained in the plane P2.
- the second part has a high rigidity compared to that of the sensitive element.
- the second part has a thickness in the direction Z very large compared to that of the sensitive element, for example between a few ⁇ and a few tens of ⁇ for a thickness of the sensitive element between a hundred nm and some ⁇ .
- the second part 4 is not deformed or little and energy is transmitted to the sensitive element.
- the gain of the lever arm is equal to the length of the arm divided by the thickness of the second part.
- a distance is then preferably chosen between the faces 4.1 and 4.2 of the second portion 4 which is very large relative to the thickness of the sensitive element.
- the ratio between the thickness of the sensitive element and that of the second part is preferably between 10 and 1000.
- the articulation element (s) and / or the sensitive element (s) and / or the first and / or second part may be made of the same material or different materials.
- the second portion has a dimension along the Z axis much greater than that of the sensing element and that the hinge member, providing a hinged device with high efficiency.
- the blades 10 are such that they have a reduced effect on the yield. Indeed, the stiffness in compression of the several parallelepipedic gauges perpendicular to the axis of rotation is:
- the stiffness in compression of the joint is chosen much higher than that of the sensitive elements, and the angular stiffness of the joint is chosen much lower than that induced by the compression of the sensitive elements during the rotation of the second part.
- the articulated device forms a displacement sensor, for example an accelerometer.
- the second part 4 forms an inertial mass sensitive to accelerations in the Z direction.
- the latter has a substantially pure movement of rotation about the Z axis, since the blades 10 because of their large dimension along the Z axis provides significant rigidity along the Z axis.
- the blades 10 because of their large dimension along the Z axis provides significant rigidity along the Z axis.
- they because of their small thickness in the X direction, they are able to deform in torsion, their stiffness in torsion being negligible compared to that due to stretching / compression of the sensing element. This torsional stiffness is also low enough to have little influence, or no influence on the rotation of the second part.
- the sensing element is then stretched.
- a stretch thereof causes a change in its electrical resistance.
- By polarizing the sensing element it is possible to detect and measure the variation of electrical resistance which is proportional to the angular displacement of the second part about the Y axis.
- the energy of the displacement of the second portion is largely used to deform the sensing element.
- the sensitive element is for example made of piezoelectric material. By polarizing the element, the latter expands or compresses by a piezoelectric effect, which generates a force that applies to the second part that will pivot about the Y axis. Due to the low angular stiffness of the hinge element, the rotational movement is made more efficient from an energy point of view.
- FIGS. 5A to 5J schematic representations of views from above and in section of elements obtained during different stages of a example of a production method according to the invention. This method is particularly suitable for producing a device of FIG. 6.
- a silicon on insulator or SOI (Silicon On Insulate) substrate comprising a silicon substrate 100, a silicon oxide layer 102 and a monocrystalline silicon layer 104 of thickness. for example between 100 nm and some ⁇ , for example equal to 250 nm.
- the sensitive element or elements 8 are made in the layer 104 by photolithography.
- a protective layer 106 is formed on the sensitive element or elements 20. This layer is for example Si0 2 .
- the protective layer 106 serves to protect the sensitive element (s) of the various engravings.
- the protective layer 106 is for example made by depositing Si0 2 over the entire layer 104 and a photo-lithography step is performed to limit the surface of the layer 106 to the zone comprising the sensitive element or elements, the layer 104 is discovered around the layer 106. A polishing step before the photolithography can be performed.
- a silicon layer 108 is formed on the protective layer 106 and on the exposed area of the layer 104.
- the layer 108 is intended to form the first part 2 and the second part 4.
- the layer 108 is for example made by epitaxy or polycrystalline silicon deposit It has for example a thickness of 20 ⁇ .
- a trench 109 is made in the layer 108 to form the hinge system and separating the first portion 2 and the second portion 4, in line with the layer 106.
- a deep reactive ion etching or DRIE Deep Reactive Ion Etching in English terminology.
- an oxide layer 110 is formed on the sides of the etched area.
- the layer 110 is for example formed by thermal oxidation or by conformal oxide deposition.
- the oxide formed on the free face of the layer 110 is removed, for example by mechanochemical polishing.
- a layer 112 is formed to form the articulation element or elements.
- This is for example a polycrystalline silicon layer.
- the layer 112 is intended to fill the trench 109.
- the layer 112 is for example formed by physical vapor deposition or PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition in English terminology). A compliant deposit is thus achieved.
- an etching 113 is performed so as to delimit the MEMS, it is for example a deep etching.
- the layer 112 is also etched to form the articulation element or elements. Holes are also formed in the parts intended to be movable in order to allow the passage of the fluid intended to release them.
- the structure is released.
- the oxide 110, the protective layer 106 and the oxide 102 are etched, for example by means of hydrofluoric acid.
- FIG. 5J shows the hinge element 8 and the sensitive element 20 and the second part 4 suspended by the hinge element 8 and the sensitive element 20.
- the second part 4 is also suspended by the blades 10 (not shown).
- the hinge element 8 is located above the sensitive element 20 in the representation of FIG. 5J.
- the hinge element comprises a foot 114 extending along the Z axis between the first part and the second part, but the foot does not intervene in the operation of the articulation system. .
- the blades 10 are not in contact with the foot 114. It could be expected that the hinge member has several feet distributed in the X direction without changing the operation of the hinge system.
- FIGS. 5A-5I are particularly interesting when it is desired to realize electrical domains isolated from each other on the same MEMS.
- the structure comprising the foot is large enough so that the foot 114 is not released from all the oxide that surrounds it.
- the upper conductive portion would then be removed during the etching to obtain the element of Figure 5H.
- An Si-SiO2-Si-SiO2-Si stack which provides mechanical support and which is electrically insulating would be obtained.
- This structure would be made between two areas that are to be electrically insulated and that would be areas other than areas articulated with respect to each other because it does not form a joint.
- the element would be returned and would be transferred to a substrate.
- a step of etching the substrate 10 then takes place.
- SOI and form a layer of piezoelectric material directly on a substrate, for example AlN or PZT.
- the transfer will be done for example by molecular sealing, for example Si -SI, Si-Si0 2 or Si0 2 -Si0 2 , or by eutectic sealing, for example Gold / Si or Al / Ge.
- molecular sealing for example Si -SI, Si-Si0 2 or Si0 2 -Si0 2
- eutectic sealing for example Gold / Si or Al / Ge.
- the SOI substrate may be replaced by a standard substrate, in which micropilars are produced, for example by photo-lithography. They are distributed on the surface of the substrate, so that, during an annealing, a fine membrane during annealing.
- the membrane is then machined, for example by photolithography to obtain gauges. Oxidation, by consuming membrane material, then makes it possible to obtain the desired gauge section and the oxide formed serves as a protective layer against future etchings.
- the element thus obtained is similar to that of Figure 5B. The following steps are similar to those already described.
- FIGS. 6A to 6D steps can be seen of another exemplary method of producing the device according to the invention.
- FIG. 5D An element similar to that of FIG. 5D is prepared by performing the steps described in connection with FIGS. 5A to 5D.
- an oxide layer 116 is made on the layer 108 so as to close off the open end of the trench 109, for example by SiO 2 PVD. It may advantageously be provided to carry out prior to the layer 116 a thermal oxidation to partially fill the trench 109.
- the layer 116 is structured so as to keep only a portion 116.1 of layer 116 intended for the formation of the articulation element or elements.
- This structuring is for example obtained by photo-lithography.
- a chemical etching can be performed to form the sidewalls 116.2 of the portion 116.1 slightly inclined.
- a layer 118 is formed to form the articulation element or elements. This is for example a polycrystalline silicon layer.
- the layer 118 is patterned so as to delimit the MEMS, for example by deep etching.
- the layer 118 is also structured to form the articulation element or elements. Holes are also formed in the parts intended to be movable in order to allow the passage of the fluid intended to release them.
- the structure is released.
- the oxide 110, the protective layer 106 and the oxide layer 102 are etched, for example by means of hydrofluoric acid.
- the hinge member has no foot.
- the method of FIGS. 5A-5J it could be provided not to form a layer 108 to form the first part and the second part and to use the substrate 100 of the SOI substrate.
- the element is returned and is transferred to a substrate.
- a step of etching the layer 100 then takes place.
- FIGS. 6A to 6D is particularly advantageous when it is desired to realize electrical domains isolated from each other on the same MEMS.
- FIGS. 7A to 7E another example of a method for producing a device according to the invention can be seen.
- FIG. 7A an element similar to that of Fig. 5D is prepared by performing the steps described in connection with Figs. 5A-5D.
- the element of FIG. 7A is turned over and is transferred to an element comprising a substrate 120 and an oxide layer 121, the transfer is done for example by molecular sealing or by eutectic sealing.
- the substrate 100 and the oxide layer 102 are removed, for example by etching and / or grinding.
- the layer is formed to form the articulation system, for example by partial etching so as to retain at least one articulation element.
- the slides were preferably made during the previous etching, corresponding to FIG. 5D.
- a trench 122 is made that opens onto the oxide layer 121 in order to delimit the articulation element 8.
- the structure is released by etching the oxide layer 121, the protective layer 106 of the sensitive element is also removed.
- the hinge member is integral with the first portion and the second portion.
- FIGS. 8A to 8E another example of a method for producing a device according to the invention can be seen.
- the articulation element is in one piece with the first part and the second part.
- a substrate 123 for example made of silicon, is formed to form the articulation system, both the articulation element and the blades 10.
- the substrate is etched from its base. front face, for example by DRIE.
- the engraved areas are filled with a material 124 so as to find a flat front face.
- the material is for example Si0 2 .
- a mechanochemical polishing of the front face of the substrate is performed to obtain a planar face and to remove the oxide from the surface.
- a layer 126 for forming the sensitive element is formed on the front face of the substrate.
- the layer 126 is then structured, for example by photolithography.
- the rest of the MEMS can be structured simultaneously.
- the structure is released by removing the filling material 124 for example with hydrofluoric acid.
- the etching could be used to define the sensing element and the blades 10 and the layer 126 could be used to form the hinge member.
- FIGS. 9A to 9D another example of a method of producing a device according to the invention can be seen.
- FIG. 9A an element similar to that of Fig. 5C is prepared by performing the steps described in connection with Figs. 5A-5C.
- a layer 128 is formed on the front face of the layer 108. It is made of a material different from that of the layer 128 or is surrounded by a layer protecting it from the chemical attacks that will be applied to the substrate.
- the layer 128 is for example made of AlN, made of piezoelectric material. This layer 128 is for example formed by deposition, for example by a vapor deposition.
- the layer 128 is structured to form either the sensing element or elements or the articulation elements.
- the layer 128 is for example structured by photolithography.
- the layer 108 is etched by deep etching with stopping on the oxide layer 102 and the protective layer.
- the remaining elements are fine so as to delimit sufficiently large openings to perform the deep etching.
- the layer 108 then comprises trenches 130.
- the blade or blades 10 (not shown) are formed during this step.
- the layer portions 106 between the trenches are removed for example by isotropic etching.
- the elements of the layer 128 forming the articulation elements or the sensitive elements are then released.
- the protective layer and the oxide layer 104 are removed to release the structure, for example by hydrofluoric acid.
- the present invention there is therefore a MEMS device and / or NEMS articulated out-of-plane movement with a high conversion efficiency. This is particularly suitable for producing off-plane displacement sensors and for producing off-plane actuators.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1660915A FR3058409A1 (fr) | 2016-11-10 | 2016-11-10 | Dispositif microelectromecanique et/ou nanoelectromecanique articule a deplacement hors-plan |
| PCT/FR2017/053062 WO2018087482A1 (fr) | 2016-11-10 | 2017-11-09 | Dispositif microelectromecanique et/ou nanoelectromecanique articulé a deplacement hors-plan |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3538478A1 true EP3538478A1 (fr) | 2019-09-18 |
Family
ID=58401656
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17800921.3A Withdrawn EP3538478A1 (fr) | 2016-11-10 | 2017-11-09 | Dispositif microelectromecanique et/ou nanoelectromecanique articulé a deplacement hors-plan |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11459227B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3538478A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3058409A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2018087482A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI418850B (zh) * | 2007-11-09 | 2013-12-11 | 尼康股份有限公司 | 微致動器、光學設備、顯示裝置、曝光裝置及設備製造方法 |
| FR2951826B1 (fr) * | 2009-10-23 | 2012-06-15 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Capteur a detection piezoresistive dans le plan |
| FR2954505B1 (fr) * | 2009-12-22 | 2012-08-03 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Structure micromecanique comportant une partie mobile presentant des butees pour des deplacements hors plan de la structure et son procede de realisation |
| FR3000050B1 (fr) * | 2012-12-20 | 2016-03-04 | Tronic S Microsystems | Dispositif micro-electromecanique possedant au moins deux elements deformables de dimensions differentes |
-
2016
- 2016-11-10 FR FR1660915A patent/FR3058409A1/fr not_active Ceased
-
2017
- 2017-11-09 WO PCT/FR2017/053062 patent/WO2018087482A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2017-11-09 EP EP17800921.3A patent/EP3538478A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-11-09 US US16/348,004 patent/US11459227B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20210114865A1 (en) | 2021-04-22 |
| FR3058409A1 (fr) | 2018-05-11 |
| US11459227B2 (en) | 2022-10-04 |
| WO2018087482A1 (fr) | 2018-05-17 |
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