EP3532897A1 - Afficheur - Google Patents
AfficheurInfo
- Publication number
- EP3532897A1 EP3532897A1 EP17797586.9A EP17797586A EP3532897A1 EP 3532897 A1 EP3532897 A1 EP 3532897A1 EP 17797586 A EP17797586 A EP 17797586A EP 3532897 A1 EP3532897 A1 EP 3532897A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- polarization
- blade
- light radiation
- display
- partially transparent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/54—Accessories
- G03B21/56—Projection screens
- G03B21/60—Projection screens characterised by the nature of the surface
- G03B21/604—Polarised screens
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B2027/0192—Supplementary details
- G02B2027/0194—Supplementary details with combiner of laminated type, for optical or mechanical aspects
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a display comprising an image projection system and a partially transparent plate adapted to partially reflect a light radiation emitted by the image projection system.
- the image In order for the driver to be able to visualize this information, the image must, after said partial reflection, be sufficiently luminous with respect to this environment to which it is superimposed.
- the partially transparent blade transmits the light radiation from this environment with a high transmission coefficient, for example greater than 80%, to allow a quality display of this environment through the partially transparent blade.
- the present invention provides a display comprising a partially transparent blade, and an image projection system which emits a first light radiation directed towards this blade, this partially transparent blade having a first main face and a second face Main and configured for:
- the partially transparent plate is configured so that a ratio, equal to said reflection coefficient divided by said transmission coefficient, is greater when said light rays have a first polarization than when these light rays have a second polarization.
- the invention further provides that the image projection system is configured so that the first light radiation is polarized and has said first polarization.
- the partially transparent blade of this display thus has a reflection coefficient and / or a transmission coefficient depending on the polarization of said light radiation, which improves the compromise mentioned above.
- This partially transparent blade makes it possible to increase the reflection coefficient for the generated image by reducing the value of the transmission coefficient of the blade, jointly, only for a component of the second radiation having said first polarization.
- the reflection coefficient of the partially transparent plate can be increased for the first polarization, without having to reduce an average transmission coefficient equal to an average of the transmission coefficient for the first polarization and the transmission coefficient for the second polarization.
- the second light radiation which in practice results from an environment visualized by the user through the blade, is generally weakly polarized, and it is therefore by the above-mentioned average transmission coefficient that its total light power is modified at the crossing of the beam. blade.
- the first light radiation is here polarized according to the first polarization, and thus benefits from the high value of the reflection coefficient for this first polarization.
- said reflection coefficient is greater when the first light radiation has said first polarization than when said first light radiation has said second polarization
- said transmission coefficient is smaller for a component of the second light radiation having said first polarization than for another component of the second light radiation having said second polarization;
- one of the first and second main faces of the partially transparent blade has a reflecting structure adapted to reflect said first light radiation with a greater reflection coefficient when this first light radiation has the first polarization than when this first light radiation has the second polarization;
- said reflecting structure comprises a metal grid polarizer applied on said main face;
- said reflecting structure is formed of a succession of facets presented by said main face, each inclined with respect to an average plane defined by this main face;
- the partially transparent blade is essentially inabsorbent for the second light radiation
- one of said main faces has a partially transparent coating, having a stronger absorption for the first polarization than for the second polarization;
- the coating is applied to said blade at the main face adapted to receive the second light radiation;
- the display is adapted to be arranged in a vehicle, said partially transparent blade being distinct from the windshield of the vehicle;
- said first polarization is a linear polarization
- said first polarization is a linear polarization, in a direction lying in an incidence plane defined by the first light radiation incident on said partially transparent plate;
- said partially transparent blade is obtained by molding a plastic material
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a display according to the invention, seen from the side;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a partially transparent blade of the display of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of another embodiment of the partially transparent blade of the display of FIG. 1.
- Figure 1 shows schematically the main elements of a display 1, here a head-up display, intended to equip a vehicle, for example a motor vehicle, a train, a boat such as a barge, a tram or a bus.
- a display here a head-up display, intended to equip a vehicle, for example a motor vehicle, a train, a boat such as a barge, a tram or a bus.
- the display 1 comprises an image projection system 6 which comprises an image generation unit 4, and, here, an optical projection assembly.
- the image generation unit 4 emits, in the visible radiation domain, a light radiation (represented by the arrow FO) representative of an image.
- This image is generated here by means of a liquid crystal display (or LCD for “Liquid Crystal Display”), for example thin film transistors (or TFT for "Thin-Film Transistor”).
- the optical projection assembly is adapted to project the image generated by the image generation unit 4 in the direction of a blade 2; 10 partially transparent.
- the optical projection assembly here comprises a folding mirror 5.
- it could comprise a plurality of mirrors and / or other optical elements, or be omitted (in which case the image generation unit transmits the mirror directly. aforementioned light radiation towards the partially transparent blade).
- the image projection system 6 thus emits a first light radiation (represented by the arrow F3 of FIG. 1), representative of the image generated and directed towards the plate 2; 10 partially transparent.
- This blade returns, by partial reflection, a portion of the first light radiation towards a user of the vehicle (arrow F4).
- This user in practice a driver of the vehicle, can thus view the generated image without looking away from an environment, here a roadside environment facing the vehicle, visible through said transparency blade.
- the partially transparent blade is here implemented by means of a combiner 10, that is to say a partially transparent plate, distinct from the windshield 2 of the vehicle, arranged between this windshield 2 and the eyes 3 of the user.
- the image projection system directly projects the image generated by the image generation unit towards the windshield of the vehicle, the aforementioned combiner then being omitted.
- the partially transparent blade is thus implemented in the form of the windshield of the vehicle.
- the partially transparent blade 10 has:
- a second main face 1 located opposite the user, that is to say on the side of said environment (road).
- the partially transparent blade 10 is adapted to reflect incident light radiation on the blade 10 at its first face 12, with a reflection coefficient, denoted CR, in a given direction, to produce a reflected light radiation.
- This reflection coefficient is equal to the power of this reflected light radiation, divided by the power of said incident radiation (before reflection by the blade).
- Said direction in practice corresponds to the direction in which the user's head is located.
- This reflection coefficient CR takes a first value, denoted CR (1), when said incident light radiation has a first polarization, and a second value, denoted CR (2), when the incident light radiation has a second polarization.
- the first light radiation (represented by the arrow F3), produced by the image projection system 6, is incident on the blade 10 at its first face 12. It is thus reflected at least partially by the blade 10, with the reflection coefficient CR, towards the user.
- a second light radiation (shown schematically by the arrow F1) from the above-mentioned environment is incident on the partially transparent blade 10 at the second main face 11. Part of this second light radiation (arrow F2) is transmitted by the blade 10 and can thus reach the user.
- the blade 10 transmits this second light radiation with a transmission coefficient, denoted CT, in said given direction.
- This second light radiation is weakly polarized, or even unpolarized. It comprises a first and a second component, distinct, respectively having the first polarization and the second polarization mentioned above.
- This transmission coefficient has a first value, denoted CT (1), for the first component of this radiation (having said first polarization).
- This first value CT (1) of the transmission coefficient CT is equal to the power of said first component, after transmission by the blade 10, divided by its power before transmission by the blade 10 (upstream of the blade).
- the transmission coefficient CT has a second value, denoted CT (2), equal, as before, to the power of said second component, after transmission by the blade 10, divided by its power before transmission by the blade 10.
- the reflection and transmission coefficients mentioned above are defined in the visible radiation domain, that is to say by not taking account that the components of said radiation having a wavelength of the visible range.
- the partially transparent blade here the combiner 10 is configured so that a ratio, denoted here R, equal to said reflection coefficient CR divided by said transmission coefficient CT, is greater when said light rays have a first polarization only when these light rays have a second polarization.
- the first value R (1) of this ratio being greater than its second value R (2).
- the image projection system 6 is configured so that the first light radiation is polarized and has said first polarization.
- the first light radiation is polarized because it comes from the liquid crystal screen by means of which the image to be displayed is generated.
- This average transmission coefficient is equal to an average of the value of the transmission coefficient CT (1) for the first polarization and the value of the transmission coefficient CT (2) for the second polarization, for example an arithmetic mean of the shape next :
- CTm (CT (1) + CT (2)) / 2.
- the second light radiation being here weakly polarized, or even unpolarized, it is by such an average transmission coefficient that its total power is modified at the crossing of the blade.
- the following values for the ratio R and for the reflection coefficients CR and for transmission CT may for example be provided:
- the first light radiation representative of the image generated, then has a reflection coefficient of about 30%, while the second light radiation from said environment is transmitted with an average transmission coefficient of about 80%.
- This configuration illustrates the advantage of this display 1, compared to a display whose blade would have for example the same value of the ratio R for all polarizations. Indeed, to obtain an average transmission coefficient of 80%, it would be necessary in the latter case to limit the reflection coefficient to 20% for the radiation from the image projection system.
- the first value R (1) of the ratio R may for example be between 0.43 and 0.67, the first value CR (1) of the reflection coefficient then being between 30% and 40% approximately.
- the second value R (2) of the ratio R can be for example between 0.05 and 0.1 1, the second value CR (2) of the reflection coefficient then being between 5% and 10% approximately.
- the first and second polarizations are here two linear polarizations orthogonal to each other.
- the first polarization more precisely corresponds, here, to a linear polarization directed in a direction X ', X "contained in an incidence plane defined by the first light radiation incident on the plate 10 (polarization sometimes designated in the specialized literature as a "P" type polarization, the direction of this linear polarization, which is orthogonal to the mean propagation direction of the first light radiation, corresponds, before reflection, to the X 'direction, and after reflection to the X "direction, as shown schematically in Figure 1).
- this plane of incidence is a plane perpendicular to the plate 10, and containing the mean direction of propagation of the first light radiation before reflection (this mean direction of propagation is shown schematically by the arrow F3 of FIG. representation of FIG. 1, this plane of incidence corresponds to the plane of the sheet, or, otherwise formulated, in terms of the drawing).
- the second polarization is then, here, a linear polarization directed in a direction Y perpendicular to this plane of incidence (polarization sometimes referred to in the literature as an "S" type polarization).
- the first polarization could be perpendicular to this plane of incidence, instead of being parallel to it (the second polarization then being parallel to the plane of incidence, instead of being perpendicular to it).
- the first and second polarizations could correspond for example to two circular polarizations, the left and the other right, instead of corresponding to the two orthogonal linear polarizations mentioned above.
- the partially transparent blade 10 is configured to be substantially inabsorbent for the second light radiation.
- the portion of the second light radiation that is neither reflected nor transmitted by the blade (and which is therefore absorbed) represents a negligible fraction of this radiation. For example, less than 10% of the power of the second light radiation is then absorbed into the blade.
- the blade is essentially inabsorbent, also for the first light radiation.
- the blade 10 is configured so that the reflection coefficient CR is greater for the first polarization than for the second. Otherwise formulated, the first value CR (1) of the reflection coefficient CR is greater than its second value CR (2).
- one of the first and second main faces 12, 1 1 of the partially transparent blade 10 has a reflective structure, adapted to reflect incident light radiation on the blade 10, with a greater reflection coefficient when this light radiation incident has the first polarization only when this incident light radiation has the second polarization.
- This reflective structure is realized here by means of a polarizer at metal grid applied to the first main face 12 of the blade, as shown schematically in Figure 2.
- This metal grid polarizer is formed of wires 120 or metal strips, arranged at the first face 12 of the blade and extending parallel to each other, in a direction X, contained in the mean plane defined by the blade 10.
- the blade 10 is arranged here so that the direction X of these wires 120 is contained in the aforementioned plane of incidence, so that the reflection coefficient of this structure is actually larger for the first polarization (which is recalled that it is contained here in this plane of incidence) only for the second.
- the value CR (1) of the reflection coefficient CR of the partially transparent plate 10, for the first polarization, is then effectively greater than the value CR (2) of this reflection coefficient CR for the second polarization.
- this reflective structure is produced here by means of a metal grid polarizer, its reflection coefficient is greater for the first polarization than for the second polarization, independently of the wavelength of the visible range presented by the first polarization. radiation.
- the partially transparent blade is thus adapted to efficiently reflect to the user a color image, having several wavelengths distinct from the visible range, and without significant alteration of the chromatic properties of this image.
- this reflective structure causes only negligible absorption of the light radiation passing through it.
- Part of the first light radiation, which is not reflected at this structure, is then transmitted by this structure, then passes through the blade 10, and can then be reflected at the second face 1 1 of the blade, in direction of the user. This makes, from the point of view of the user, the image to visualize even brighter.
- the reflection coefficient CR of the blade generally corresponds to the overall reflection coefficient thereof, taking into account both a reflection on its first face 12, and a possible reflection on its second face 1 1.
- This reflective structure partially reflects not only the first light radiation (towards the user), but also the second light radiation (after the latter has passed through the blade), and more strongly for the first polarization than for the second polarization.
- the value CT (1) of the transmission coefficient CT of the blade 10 for the first component of the second light radiation (which has said first polarization) is smaller than the value CT (2) of this transmission coefficient CT for the second component of this light radiation (which has said second polarization).
- the reflecting structure which makes it possible to preferentially reflect the first polarization, can be arranged on the second main face of the partially transparent blade, instead of being disposed as it is on its first face.
- This reflecting structure is then arranged, relative to the blade, the opposite of the user, the side of the windshield of the vehicle.
- This structure which can be fragile, is thus protected by the blade; in particular, the user can not easily touch this structure.
- the above-mentioned reflective structure is obtained by directly shaping the first 12, or the second face 11 of the blade 10 of FIG. way that this face has a succession of facets.
- These facets are each inclined with respect to a mean plane defined by this main face and form a succession of recesses on this main face.
- One of the slices of the blade thus has a sawtooth profile.
- Each pair of two successive facets has a prismatic shape.
- one of the two facets is inclined with respect to said main face so that the angle of incidence of the first light radiation on this facet approaches the Brewster angle.
- this reflective structure When this reflective structure is performed on the second main face 1 1 of the blade 10, it has the role of increasing the reflection coefficient of the first light radiation from the image generation unit 4 for said first polarization.
- the prismatic shape defined by each pair of two successive facets has a generatrix parallel to the Y direction. Otherwise formulated, the edge common to these two successive facets is parallel to the Y direction.
- the partially transparent blade can be obtained by molding a transparent plastic material.
- the faceted structure which has just been described can then come from formation with the blade, being obtained directly during this molding.
- FIG. 3 schematically represents a second embodiment of the partially transparent plate 10 of the display 1.
- the second main face 1 1 of the blade has a partially transparent coating 1 10, having a stronger absorption for the first polarization than for the second polarization, in the manner of an absorption polarizing filter.
- This coating is for example made by applying to the blade a layer of polymer material, more absorbent for the first polarization than for the second polarization. This coating makes it possible to selectively attenuate the first component of the second light radiation, at the crossing of the blade, thus increasing, from the point of view of the user, the brightness of the image to be visualized with respect to that of the environment roadside facing him.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
- Instrument Panels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1660549A FR3058237B1 (fr) | 2016-10-28 | 2016-10-28 | Afficheur |
| PCT/EP2017/077833 WO2018078174A1 (fr) | 2016-10-28 | 2017-10-30 | Afficheur |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3532897A1 true EP3532897A1 (fr) | 2019-09-04 |
Family
ID=57539539
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17797586.9A Withdrawn EP3532897A1 (fr) | 2016-10-28 | 2017-10-30 | Afficheur |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3532897A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3058237B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2018078174A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1635199A1 (fr) * | 2004-09-14 | 2006-03-15 | LG Electronics Inc. | Polariseur à grille métallique et son procédé de fabrication |
| JP2014197163A (ja) * | 2013-01-17 | 2014-10-16 | 株式会社ダイセル | 半透明拡散型偏光積層体及びその用途 |
| US8861079B1 (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2014-10-14 | Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives | Rear projection display screen and device |
| JPWO2015050202A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-03 | 2017-03-09 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 投映像表示用ハーフミラーおよび投映像表示システム |
-
2016
- 2016-10-28 FR FR1660549A patent/FR3058237B1/fr active Active
-
2017
- 2017-10-30 WO PCT/EP2017/077833 patent/WO2018078174A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2017-10-30 EP EP17797586.9A patent/EP3532897A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2018078174A1 (fr) | 2018-05-03 |
| FR3058237A1 (fr) | 2018-05-04 |
| FR3058237B1 (fr) | 2019-07-05 |
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