EP3532377A1 - Antriebsanordnung für einen hubschrauber mit mitteln zur zustandsüberwachung - Google Patents
Antriebsanordnung für einen hubschrauber mit mitteln zur zustandsüberwachungInfo
- Publication number
- EP3532377A1 EP3532377A1 EP17790751.6A EP17790751A EP3532377A1 EP 3532377 A1 EP3532377 A1 EP 3532377A1 EP 17790751 A EP17790751 A EP 17790751A EP 3532377 A1 EP3532377 A1 EP 3532377A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sensor element
- gear
- power path
- shaft
- drive arrangement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010006 flight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C27/00—Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
- B64C27/04—Helicopters
- B64C27/12—Rotor drives
- B64C27/14—Direct drive between power plant and rotor hub
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C27/00—Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
- B64C27/82—Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto characterised by the provision of an auxiliary rotor or fluid-jet device for counter-balancing lifting rotor torque or changing direction of rotorcraft
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/01—Monitoring wear or stress of gearing elements, e.g. for triggering maintenance
Definitions
- the invention relates to a drive arrangement for a helicopter with means for condition monitoring of a power path. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a method for condition monitoring of a power path of a drive arrangement for a helicopter. Thus, the field of application of the invention extends to drive arrangements for helicopters.
- Drive assemblies for helicopters are designed against design loads.
- the real use of the helicopter is not considered individually. Load spectra from measurements and experience are used to design the components. In this case, less harsh applications, such as the use of the helicopter for occasional scenic flights, and hard cases, such as the use of the helicopter in continuous use occur.
- the drive assembly is usually designed for all applications. In addition, maintenance intervals are selected so that the toughest and most adverse conditions do not lead to unsafe operation or a specific hazard. In other words, the drive arrangement of a helicopter is usually oversized and is maintained independent of load.
- EP 2 662 741 A2 discloses a system for reconstructing sensor data in a rotor system.
- the rotor system comprises a rotating component, wherein a plurality of sensors are arranged in the rotating component.
- the sensors are designed to detect loads and movements in the rotating component and to generate sensor data.
- the system has an analysis device for reconstructing the sensor data.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a drive arrangement for a helicopter, with which the condition monitoring of a power path is made possible.
- the helicopter drive arrangement comprises at least one prime mover and a transmission arrangement with a main transmission, with a deflection gear and with a tail rotor gear, wherein the main gear is provided for driving a main rotor shaft and a remote shaft, wherein the remote shaft is operatively connected to the deflection gear, and wherein Deflection gear is operatively connected via an intermediate shaft to the tail rotor gearbox for driving a tail rotor shaft, wherein the gear assembly comprises means for condition monitoring of a power path, and wherein the means for condition monitoring of the power path at least a first and a second sensor element for detecting at least one state variable of the power path.
- At least one state variable is detected by means for condition monitoring of the power path in order to indicate and / or document a load of the gear arrangement.
- the gear assembly includes the main gear, the reversing gear and the tail rotor gear, wherein the main gear is driven by the at least one prime mover.
- the main transmission is driven by two engines.
- the drive power of the at least one prime mover is transmitted via the main transmission to a main rotor shaft, which is operatively connected to a main rotor, and to a remote shaft, which is operatively connected to the rear derailleur gear and the tail rotor transmission with a tail rotor indirectly.
- the term "operatively connected" is to be understood that two elements may be directly connected to each other, or there are other elements between two elements, for example, one or more gears or shafts.
- condition monitoring is understood to mean that the loads occurring in the gear arrangement are identified during operation of the helicopter, on the one hand current loads can be shown, on the other hand loads can be documented over a period of time to service intervals to the real Operating conditions of the gear assembly adapt. For example, this makes it possible to replace components before failure in a timely manner. Thus, no oversized components need to be used for the construction, which generally have a greater weight and thus in particular also cause higher fuel consumption.
- Condition monitoring of the power path is performed depending on any measurement method.
- a torque or a torque difference in the power path is determined by means of the at least two sensor elements.
- the torque is the predominant load in the gear assembly, wherein other loads, such as gear forces, can be derived from the torque.
- the torque is detected in the power path between the main transmission and the tail rotor.
- sensor elements for detecting a rotational speed, a rotational angle, a temperature, a distance, a vibration, etc. may be used. The sensor elements are preferably integrated in the gear arrangement.
- the first sensor element is arranged functionally on the remote shaft, wherein the second sensor element is arranged functionally on the tail rotor shaft.
- the associated deflection gear with its shafts and its gears located in the power path between the two sensor elements at least a portion of the remote shaft, the associated deflection gear with its shafts and its gears, between the reversing and tail rotor gear arranged intermediate shaft, the tail rotor gear with its shafts and gears and at least a portion of the tail rotor shaft .
- the term functional in this context means that the first sensor element is intended to cooperate with the remote shaft and that the second sensor element is intended to cooperate with the tail rotor shaft.
- the first sensor element can be arranged directly, ie directly on the remote shaft, wherein the second sensor element can be arranged directly, ie directly on the tail rotor shaft.
- the respective sensor element can also be arranged on a stationary fixed housing.
- the housing may be formed, for example, as a shaft housing and surround the remote shaft or the tail rotor shaft.
- the housing may be a housing of the main gearbox, tail rotor gearbox or reversing gearbox. acting act. Consequently, the respective sensor element in the region of a transmission input or transmission output of the main transmission, tail rotor gear or deflection gear can be arranged on the respective housing and preferably sensed without contact the respective shaft.
- the first and second sensor elements are provided to detect at least one rotational angle and / or one rotational speed in each case. Consequently, the two sensor elements are designed as rotational angle sensors or rotational speed sensors.
- a differential angle in the power path is measured by means of the two sensor elements.
- the deformation in the power path between the two sensor elements can be detected during load introduction.
- a phase shift between the first and the second sensor element is detected. This allows a torsion in the power path to be measured.
- the torsion in the power path is essentially dependent on the softness of the arranged in the power path components and the amount of torque introduced.
- an angular difference between the two measured angles of rotation can be concluded on the Torisionsbelastung arranged in the power path components, from which a torque load of the power path can be determined.
- the speed or the number of revolutions can also be generated from the sensor signals.
- the time derivative of the rotation angle in dependence of the selected sensor element corresponds to a rotational angular velocity.
- rotation angle sensors can perform an absolute, magnetically coded angle measurement.
- magnetic sensor elements in combination with the toothed wheels present in the gear arrangement, this representing a cost-effective and robust measuring variant.
- Other sensor elements for rotation angle or angular velocity measurement may also be used.
- the first sensor element is arranged on a housing of the main transmission, wherein the second sensor element is arranged on a housing of the tail rotor gear.
- the first sensor element is arranged on a housing of the deflection gear, wherein the second sensor element is arranged on a housing of the tail rotor gear.
- the first and second sensor elements are provided to detect at least one structure-borne noise.
- the sensor elements are designed as sound sensors.
- the tooth meshing frequencies of the gears in the main gear or in the deflection gear and in the tail rotor gear are detected, which may have a phase shift against each other.
- the phase shift may also be zero.
- the phase shift changes depending on the load in the power path, wherein the change of the load on the stiffness or
- the means for condition monitoring of the power path at least a third sensor element for detecting a rotation angle and / or a rotational speed, wherein the third sensor element is arranged functionally on a shaft of the transmission arrangement.
- the third sensor element is preferably arranged on the remote shaft, on the intermediate shaft or on the tail rotor shaft.
- the measuring reliability of the condition monitoring means is increased by the third sensor element.
- the means for condition monitoring of the power path preferably comprise at least one evaluation electronics.
- the sensor signals of all sensor elements are transmitted to the evaluation electronics, the evaluation electronics being provided for further processing, in particular for linking and relaying the sensor signals.
- the evaluation electronics are preferably integrated in the gear arrangement or arranged centrally in the helicopter.
- the evaluation electronics are provided to cooperate wirelessly with a central computer unit.
- the computer unit is provided to create or supplement a service scope for an imminent maintenance by processing the transmitted from the evaluation electronics sensor signals and adjust the service interval, in particular to extend or shorten.
- FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic block diagram of a drive arrangement according to the invention according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic block diagram of a drive arrangement according to the invention according to a second embodiment
- Fig. 3 is a simplified schematic block diagram of a drive arrangement according to the invention according to a third embodiment.
- a drive arrangement according to the invention for a helicopter (not shown here) has an engine 1 and a transmission arrangement 2.
- the gear arrangement 2 comprises a main gear 3 with a housing 10, a deflection gear 4 with a housing 12 and a tail rotor gear 5 with a housing 1 1.
- the prime mover 1 is operatively connected to the main transmission 3 via a drive shaft 14 in order to feed a drive power of the engine 1 into the main transmission 3.
- the main transmission 3 is on the one hand operatively connected via a main rotor shaft 6 with a main rotor 15 and on the other via a remote shaft 7 with the reversing gear 4 operatively connected.
- the reversing gear 4 is operatively connected via an intermediate shaft 8 with the tail rotor gear 5, wherein the tail rotor gear 5 via a tail rotor shaft 9 with a tail rotor 1 6 is operatively connected.
- the gear arrangement 2 has means for condition monitoring of a power path, the means for condition monitoring of the power path having a first and a second sensor element S1, S2 for detecting a rotation angle on the power path.
- the first sensor element S1 is arranged on the remote shaft 7, the second sensor element S2 being arranged on the tail rotor shaft 9. From a difference of the two angles of rotation can be closed on a Torisionsbelastung arranged in the power path components, from which a torque load of the power path is determined.
- the means for monitoring the condition of the power path also include an evaluation electronics 13, wherein the evaluation electronics 13 is provided to cooperate wirelessly with a central computer unit 17 to plan a scope of service and adjust a service interval.
- the gear arrangement 2 has means for condition monitoring of a power path, wherein the means for condition monitoring of the power path have a first and a second sensor element S1, S2 for detecting structure-borne noise at the power path.
- the first sensor element S1 is arranged on the housing 12 of the deflection gear 4, wherein the second sensor element S2 is arranged on the housing 1 1 of the tail rotor gear 5.
- the tooth engagement frequency at the deflection gear 4 is determined, wherein the tooth engagement frequency at the tail rotor gear 5 is determined by means of the second sensor element S2.
- the means for condition monitoring of the power path to a third sensor element S3 for detecting a rotation angle.
- the third sensor element S3 is arranged upstream of the deflection gear 4 at the remote shaft 7 of the gear arrangement 2 and detects the rotational speed at the remote shaft 7.
- the gear arrangement 2 has means for condition monitoring of a power path, wherein the means for condition monitoring of the power path of a first and a second sensor element S1, S2 for detecting at least one structure-borne noise of the power path.
- the first sensor element S1 is arranged on the housing 10 of the main transmission 3, wherein the second sensor element S2 is arranged on the housing 1 1 of the tail rotor gear 5.
- the tooth engagement frequency is determined on the main transmission 3, wherein the tooth engagement frequency at the tail rotor gear 5 is determined by means of the second sensor element S2.
- the means for condition monitoring of the power path have a third sensor element S3 for detecting a rotational speed.
- the third sensor element S3 is arranged downstream of the main transmission 3 to the remote shaft 7 of the gear assembly 2 and detects the speed of the remote shaft 7. It should be noted that in Figure 3 on the representation of an evaluation electronics 13 and a computer unit 1 7 according to FIG Simplification of the representation of Figure 3 has been omitted. With regard to the function of the evaluation electronics 13 and computer unit 17 (not shown in FIG. 3), reference is made to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
- the first sensor element S1 according to FIG. 1 can also be arranged directly downstream of the main transmission 3 on the remote shaft 7, in order to extend the power path serving for condition monitoring, whereby in particular the measurement quality increases.
- the first sensor element S1 can also be arranged directly downstream of the main transmission 3 on the remote shaft 7, in order to extend the power path serving for condition monitoring, whereby in particular the measurement quality increases.
- the first sensor element S1 can also be arranged to the intermediate shaft 8 in order to shorten the power path for condition monitoring.
- the second sensor element S2 can also be moved in order to lengthen or shorten the power path used for condition monitoring.
- the arrangement of the third sensor element S3 according to FIGS. 2 and 3 on each shaft of the gear arrangement 2 is conceivable. In this case, waves with a higher speed are to be preferred in principle, since with the same effort a higher-quality signal can be realized.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016221127.7A DE102016221127B4 (de) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Antriebsanordnung für einen Hubschrauber |
| PCT/EP2017/077121 WO2018077852A1 (de) | 2016-10-26 | 2017-10-24 | Antriebsanordnung für einen hubschrauber mit mitteln zur zustandsüberwachung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3532377A1 true EP3532377A1 (de) | 2019-09-04 |
Family
ID=60182566
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17790751.6A Withdrawn EP3532377A1 (de) | 2016-10-26 | 2017-10-24 | Antriebsanordnung für einen hubschrauber mit mitteln zur zustandsüberwachung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3532377A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102016221127B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2018077852A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5188511A (en) | 1991-08-27 | 1993-02-23 | United Technologies Corporation | Helicopter anti-torque device direct pitch control |
| US5189929A (en) * | 1992-03-09 | 1993-03-02 | United Technologies Corporation | System and method for transmission gearbox noise control utilizing localized oil cooling/heating |
| IT1293410B1 (it) | 1997-07-04 | 1999-03-01 | Finmeccanica Spa | Metodo di sorveglianza di un gruppo di trasmissione in un veicolo dotato di sensori accelerometrici, in particolare in un elicottero. |
| IT1293412B1 (it) | 1997-07-04 | 1999-03-01 | Finmeccanica Spa | Metodo di sorveglianza di un gruppo epicicloidale in un veicolo dotato di sensori accelerometrici, in particolare in un elicottero. |
| DE10347494A1 (de) * | 2003-10-13 | 2005-06-09 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung des Drehmoments an Getriebewellen |
| US10023305B2 (en) | 2012-05-10 | 2018-07-17 | Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation | System and method of determining rotor loads and motion |
| US10377473B2 (en) | 2013-01-04 | 2019-08-13 | Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. | Disconnecting a rotor |
| US9797808B2 (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2017-10-24 | RMCI, Inc. | Diagnosis of gear condition by comparing data from coupled gears |
-
2016
- 2016-10-26 DE DE102016221127.7A patent/DE102016221127B4/de active Active
-
2017
- 2017-10-24 EP EP17790751.6A patent/EP3532377A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-10-24 WO PCT/EP2017/077121 patent/WO2018077852A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102016221127A1 (de) | 2018-04-26 |
| DE102016221127B4 (de) | 2022-10-27 |
| WO2018077852A1 (de) | 2018-05-03 |
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