EP3524489A1 - Absorber device for a vehicle and vehicle with an absorber device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an absorber device for a vehicle, in particular for a rail vehicle. It is an object to provide an improved absorber device for a vehicle. The absorber device according to the invention has at least two absorber elements, a holding device, and a collision bar for receiving collision displacements and / or collision forces. The vehicle frame has at least one force introduction section for supporting and / or supporting the absorber elements and a clutch bearing. The absorber elements are designed so that the absorber elements can be mounted on the force introduction sections of the vehicle frame. The collision bar shows two temple ends, via which collision forces entered into the collision bar can be diverted into the absorber elements. This is possible when the collision bar is in a proper operating position. The absorber device according to the invention is designed such that the collision bracket can be transferred to a proper storage position.

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to an absorber device for a vehicle, in particular for a rail vehicle. Furthermore, a vehicle is disclosed with such an absorber device, wherein the absorber device basically serves to compensate for possible collision shifts, to dampen corresponding collision forces and to reduce kinetic energy in order to prevent a harmful entry of them into the vehicle.

Prior art

In general, for example, bumpers or buffer devices are known. These serve to absorb, mitigate and compensate for relative or collision forces resulting from relative movements of vehicles and their contacting to a certain extent.

In addition, there is a need for a flexible system for coupling vehicles together and for offsetting forces between these vehicles. For example, vehicles with coupling devices are known, wherein the coupling device is not used when no other vehicle is to be coupled at the corresponding end of the vehicle.

Disadvantages of the prior art

However, the previously known solutions are either very complex and / or require an increased space requirement.

problem

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an absorber device for a vehicle, which has a simple and robust construction, is characterized by an efficient use of the available public space and space and at the same time has an application-oriented construction.

Inventive solution

This object is achieved by a device according to claim 1, by a vehicle according to claim 9, by a vehicle according to claim 10, and / or by a method according to claim 14. Further embodiments thereof will be apparent from the dependent subclaims.

The absorber device according to the invention is suitable for use in / on a vehicle, in particular in a rail vehicle, and has at least two absorber elements, a holding device, and a collision bar for receiving collision displacements and / or collision forces.

The collision bar is used for directly receiving collision forces, for example, similar to a bumper, wherein the collision bar can be arranged behind a veneer, outer cover or behind a cover of the outer cover. If, in the event of a collision, resulting forces are introduced into the collision bar by the veneer, outer cover or by the cover element, this must be regarded in the context of this and the inventions described below as the direct reception of collision forces.

In particular, the suitability of the absorber device relates to a vehicle in which collision forces acting on the collision bar and coupling forces acting on a coupling device of the vehicle can be present at substantially the same height in the vertical direction and / or in the same horizontal plane. In this case, the vehicle and / or a vehicle frame may be designed such that a clutch bearing for mounting a coupling device of the vehicle on the vehicle frame, and thus also for the introduction of coupling forces in the vehicle frame, and acting on the collision bracket collision forces in Vertical direction substantially at the same height and / or in the same horizontal plane are present; this level is referred to below as the "coupling plane".

In particular, the coupling plane extends in the horizontal direction, wherein the position of the coupling plane in the vertical direction can be determined on the basis of the coupling forces occurring in the horizontal operation of the vehicle.

As coupling forces are referred to forces that are transmitted via the coupling device from one vehicle to another vehicle, such as the acceleration and deceleration of a vehicle by the other vehicle occurring tensile and shear forces.

The term "collision forces" encompasses forces which are at least partially, in particular completely damped, specifically absorbed via the absorber device, absorbed and / or the collision bar is registered in the vehicle or in the vehicle frame.

Information regarding a location, an orientation and / or an orientation, such as longitudinal or longitudinal direction, transverse direction, vertical direction, top (top), bottom (bottom) and / or laterally or later refer to a Proper use of the vehicle on a horizontal driving plane, in particular a rail vehicle, and on a proper use of the absorber device on this vehicle.

According to one embodiment, the vehicle and / or the vehicle frame may be configured such that the coupling bearing and a force introduction section for mounting the absorber elements on the vehicle frame, and thus also for initiating collision forces in the vehicle frame, in the vertical direction substantially at the same height and / or or provided in the coupling plane.

The phrase "substantially at the same height" as used in the context of this invention also implies that determinable force vectors of corresponding forces in the vertical direction do not have a relevant distance from one another, but also do not have to fall exactly on / into each other. Forces are essentially arranged at the same height if their distance in the vertical direction is not more than 15 cm, in particular not more than 10 cm, or not more than 5%, in particular not more than 4%, preferably not more than 2%, the total height of a car body without construction of the vehicle is.

The term "vehicle frame" in this context is to be understood as representing a supporting structure which is suitable for absorbing forces and loads during the operation or standstill of the vehicle. A specification on the type of vehicle frame does not take place.

The vehicle frame has at least one force introduction section for supporting and / or supporting the absorber elements and a clutch bearing, both of which are located in the region of one end of the vehicle and / or the vehicle frame in the longitudinal direction.

The absorber elements are designed in this way, in particular, they have fastening elements designed for this purpose, so that the absorber elements can be mounted on the force introduction sections of the vehicle frame.

Furthermore, the absorber elements are designed so that registered therein forces can be absorbed, damped and / or absorbed in at least one particular direction. This direction, hereinafter referred to as "absorption direction", is in particular parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

The collision bar shows two temple ends, via which collision forces entered into the collision bar can be diverted into the absorber elements. This is possible when the collision bar is in a proper operating position, wherein with the help of the holding device between the collision bar and the absorber elements, a structural connection is made at least for transmitting compressive forces, in particular without direct participation of the holding device in the power transmission. Consequently, the collision bar can be arranged by means of the holding device in the intended operating position on the absorber elements such that collision forces can be derived from the collision bar on the temple ends in the absorber elements. In particular, take the absorber elements and the collision bar, when in the operating position, in the coupling plane a U-shaped, closed to a vehicle end arrangement.

In particular, the collision bracket is in the operating position in the vertical direction substantially in the coupling plane. This has the consequence that an effective connection of a coupling device with another coupling device of another vehicle can not be established because the collision bar blocks the space required in the coupling plane.

The absorber device, and in particular also the holding device, according to the invention are designed such that the collision bar, in addition to the possibility of an arrangement of the collision bar in the operating position, in a proper storage position - and back - can be transferred. When the collision bar is in the stowed position, it does not at all extend beyond its own position in the operating position in the longitudinal direction and against the absorption direction by a maximum of 5 cm, by a maximum of 10 cm or by not more than 1% of a total length of the vehicle.

In the intended storage position, the collision bar in the vertical direction is substantially not in the coupling plane; when moving the collision bracket from the operating position to the stowed position this is at least partially moved in the vertical direction out of the coupling plane.

In this way, it is achieved for the first time that the collision bar can be moved out of the coupling plane, thus freeing space for establishing a coupling connection with another vehicle without significantly increasing the effective length of the vehicle in the longitudinal direction.

According to one embodiment, the absorber device, and in particular the holding device, is designed such that no targeted introduction of collision forces on the collision bracket in the vehicle frame is possible when the collision bracket is in the intended storage position and / or not in the intended operating position. In particular, a connection to the targeted power transmission between collision bracket and absorber elements is disengaged.

Should the collision bar in the stowed position nevertheless be subjected to a collision with a force, it is not excluded that this force will be discharged in a random manner and / or disorderly, direct or indirect manner into the vehicle or into the vehicle frame, in which case not of a targeted introduction of collision forces in the vehicle frame and / or can be spoken of a targeted power transmission between collision and absorber elements.

According to one embodiment, when moving from the operating position to the stowed position by means of the retaining device designed in this way, the collision bracket is displaced at least partially perpendicularly relative to the coupling plane and / or perpendicular to the absorption direction.

According to one embodiment, the collision bar in any situation, especially during the entire change of position, does not exceed its own position in the operating position against the absorption direction by a maximum of 5 cm, by a maximum of 10 cm or by not more than 1% of a total length of the vehicle.

According to one embodiment, the holding device and / or the absorber device has a guide device for displacing the collision strap and / or is formed integrally with such a guide device. In particular, such a guide device can be designed as a rail, rod-bore and / or pivoting arrangement, whereby an at least partially translational movement of the collision bracket to enable the transition between operating position and stowed position - and back - is possible.

According to one embodiment of the above embodiment, an exclusively translationally acting guide device is provided, whereby a displacement of the collision bracket is achieved at least partially, in particular exclusively, in the vertical direction.

In particular, the guide device and thus also the absorber device is provided so that the collision bar can be moved vertically upwards to move from the operating position to the stowed position - and by a vertical movement back down. In this way it can be achieved in a structurally particularly simple manner that the collision bar in the stowed position does not project beyond the absorption direction even in the operating position.

In the course of a further embodiment, it is disclosed that the absorber device and / or the holding device has at least one connecting device for fixing the collision bar in the operating position and / or formed integrally therewith. In particular, the connecting device is designed and / or arranged on an absorber element and / or on a strap end of the collision bar that a firm, but releasable connection for transmitting collision forces between collision bar and absorber element can be made. This prevents the collision bar from undesirably separating from an absorber element, possibly leaving its required position and being unable to fulfill its intended function of transmitting collision forces.

If the collision bar is to be moved to the stowed position, the connecting device will be opened and / or released, so that the fixed connection between collision bar and absorber elements is separated, and a movement of the collision bar is possible.

According to a further embodiment, the guide device is provided in the region of a bracket region of the collision bracket located between the bracket ends, wherein the collision bracket has at least one bracket guide element for guiding the collision bracket in the bracket region. This temple guide element together with at least one further guide element, the guide device for moving the collision bracket. In particular, an integration of holding device and guide device can be made.

For example, the bracket guide element can be designed as one or more substantially vertically extending guide holes in the bracket region of the collision bracket, which together with correspondingly arranged and extending guide rods (guide element) represent the guide device. This arrangement of the bow guide elements in the bracket region has the advantage that the, in particular translational, guiding the collision bracket takes place in an area of the center of gravity, whereby an undesirable stiffness and / or tilting of the collision bracket is avoided on the guide rods.

Alternatively or in addition to the previously described, the guide device can be arranged in the region of the strap ends and / or in the region of the absorber elements, so that the collision strap can be displaceably arranged on the strap ends on an absorber element. For this purpose, the collision bracket at its temple ends in each case a temple guide element, which with in each case a further guide element, in particular on each one absorber element, allows a displaceable mounting of the collision bar.

In the case of an integration of holding device and guide device guide element and / or ironing guide element may be completely or partially formed on the holding device or by the holding device.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that in each case a holding device for supporting the collision bar is provided on the absorber elements.

In the course of a further development, it is stated that the absorber device has a displacement device for moving the collision strap between the operating position and the stowed position, which can be embodied in particular as a Bowden cable.

Furthermore, it is conceivable to provide a damper device, whereby the movement between the stowed position and operating position can be supported and / or damped. In particular, the damper device may be integrally provided in the guide device and / or in the displacement device. Such a damper device may for example be a piston-cylinder unit, for example based on gas pressure. For example, the damper device is provided so that a movement of the collision bracket in the vertical upward direction is supported by the damper device, and the counter-movement is damped or braked down.

According to one embodiment, the absorber elements have a piston-cylinder arrangement, which is pushed into each other when force is introduced in the absorption direction, whereby registered kinetic energy is converted into heat, for example.

For the alternative or additional solution of the stated object, a vehicle is provided with a vehicle frame, wherein it has an absorber device according to one or more of the previously described embodiments or an absorber device according to a combination of the previously described embodiments. The absorber elements are attached to the corresponding force introduction sections.

According to a further alternative or additional solution of the above object, a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle is cited, which has a vehicle frame, an outer cover and an absorber device. The outer cover of the vehicle is, for example, an outer vehicle cover, on the basis of which the overall length of the vehicle is defined without buffer or coupling devices. Consequently, components or components which protrude beyond the outer cover in the longitudinal direction, are not included in the determination of the total length of the vehicle.

The absorber device of this vehicle has at least one, in particular two absorber elements, a holding device and a collision bar for receiving collision forces.

Analogous to what has been described above, the collision bar can be arranged by means of the holding device in an intended operating position or in an intended storage position. In the operating position collision forces can be derived from the collision bracket in the absorber element. If the collision bar is arranged in the stowed position, then it is displaced relative to the operating position at least partially perpendicular to the absorption direction and / or to the longitudinal direction, so that it does not project beyond the outer cover in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. In this context, it is true that a protrusion of the outer cover by the collision bracket also takes place when the collision bracket is moved along with a part of the outer cover in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and another, in particular much larger, part of the outer cover together with the displaced part of Outer cover surmounted.

This results in the effect that the overall length of the vehicle according to one or both of the above-described embodiments is not prolonged by the collision bracket in the stowed position effective against the overall length of the vehicle in a collision bracket in the operating position. Consequently, a plurality of vehicles can be coupled in close proximity to each other without a space must be kept for receiving the collision bracket located in the stowed position in the longitudinal direction. Thus, the public space, especially road or rail space or a storage room in the depot, efficiently used when multiple vehicles are coupled together.

Furthermore, thus, the massive collision bracket is not pivoted upwardly in front of the outer cover or vehicle contour, but is displaced upwardly within the outer cover. In particular, this advantageously allows a clear view of the coupling head during the coupling process.

In this connection, combinations of embodiments are explicitly disclosed, wherein the aforementioned vehicle includes an absorber device with some or all of the features of the initially described absorber device.

The embodiments described below relate at least to the one, in particular to both previously described vehicles.

According to an extension of this basic principle, the vehicle has a coupling device for coupling with other vehicles, wherein the coupling device is movably mounted at one end of the vehicle frame in the longitudinal direction. In particular, a clutch bearing is provided for the vehicle frame, wherein coupling forces are transmitted via the coupling device and the clutch bearing in the vehicle frame.

In particular, the coupling device, the coupling bearing and / or the outer cover is / are formed so that the coupling device is arranged movable in the vertical direction relative to the vehicle frame, wherein the maximum deflection of the coupling device relative to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle at least 2.5 ° and / or not more than 7 °, in particular at least 3.5 ° and / or not more than 5.5 °, in particular about 3.9 °.

The coupling device is provided in particular in the horizontal direction, in particular in the coupling plane, between two absorber elements of the absorber device and can be arranged in a storage position and in a coupling position, wherein an effective longitudinal extent, ie a total dimension in the longitudinal direction of the coupling device in the coupling position is greater than a longitudinal extension of the coupling device in the storage position. This also relates to a coupling device, which is not in itself folded or pushed, but in terms of their Gesamtabmaß 'telescopic in the vehicle frame or on the vehicle frame is designed or displaceable. The term the effective longitudinal extent thus relates to a length between the coupling jaw or mouth and a bearing point or force introduction point at which coupling forces can be introduced from the coupling device into the vehicle frame.

According to one embodiment, the coupling device is designed to be foldable in itself, so that it is surrounded in the storage position in the horizontal direction of the absorber device, in particular of the absorber elements and the collision bracket in operating position, U-shaped. On the other hand, if the collision bar is in the stowed position, then the coupling device can be arranged in the coupling position, since it protrudes beyond the collision bar in the longitudinal direction. In particular, the collision bracket located in the stowed position is arranged in the vertical direction over the coupling device. Alternatively, the coupling could also be displaced or pushed together in the longitudinal direction, in any case, the coupling end must be longitudinally behind the collision bracket.

To make this possible, the collision bar 10 according to FIG.

In the course of a further development, it is disclosed that the outer cover has at least one recess for reaching through the coupling device in the coupling position at an end region in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. This allows for co-coupling with other vehicles. In particular, the outer cover has a cover for at least temporarily covering the recess. This cover can be attached in particular to cover the recess to the outer cover when the coupling device is in the storage position.

According to one embodiment of the cover this is elastically stretchable and / or foldable designed that this particular membrane-like or as a plastic cover over the contour of the outer cover and thus stretched over the recess and can be hung on appropriate ways on the sides.

According to a further embodiment, the cover is made for example of a fiber composite, which can be opened centrally and folded away laterally.

It is also conceivable to make the cover extendable by means of spring-loaded intermediate pieces.

Also, the cover may be rollable or be pushed vertically upwards inside the outer cover.

Furthermore, it is possible to arrange the cover on the collision bar, so that it can be pushed with the aid of suitable measures together with the collision bar in the vertical direction upwards.

The above object is achieved by a method for operating a vehicle, in particular a vehicle according to one or more of the embodiments described above, when coupling or uncoupling another vehicle, wherein the following steps, in particular sequentially, are to be carried out:

When coupling a vehicle to another vehicle, the collision bracket is moved from the operating position to the stowed position, wherein subsequently the coupling device is transferred to the coupling position, in particular by unfolding. In this state, the coupling device passes through the recess in the outer cover of the vehicle and can therefore be connected to a further coupling device of another vehicle.

According to one embodiment, prior to moving the collision bar, but at least prior to locating the coupling device in the coupling position, the cover may be removed to allow the extension to pass through the coupling device.

A decoupling of a vehicle from another vehicle is analogous to what has been said above, with the person skilled in the art possibly recognizing a reversal of the processes.

According to one embodiment, before the shifting of the collision bar from the operating position to the stowed position, a connecting device is separated, which keeps the collision bar fixed in the operating position.

The above described embodiments can be arbitrarily, but in a meaningful way combined with each other, in particular it is conceivable, for example, the embodiment of the guide device in the field of Ironing ends completely or partially combine with the embodiment of the guide device in the bracket area, whereby a particularly robust guide device is shown.

Brief description of the figures

• Fig. 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht von schräg unten auf ein Ende eines Fahrzeugs mit einer Absorbervorrichtung in einer ersten Ausführungsform,
• Fig. 2 führt eine weitere perspektivische seitlich-schräge Schnittansicht auf das Endteil des Fahrzeugs gemäß Fig. 1 an,
• Fig. 3 zeigt eine perspektivische seitliche Ansicht auf einen Fahrzeugrahmen des Fahrzeugs gemäß Fig. 1 mit einem Kollisionsbügel in Betriebsposition,
• Fig. 4 zeigt eine perspektivische seitliche Ansicht auf einen Fahrzeugrahmen des Fahrzeugs gemäß Fig. 1 mit einem Kollisionsbügel in Stauposition,
• Fig. 5 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht von unten auf einen Fahrzeugrahmen eines Fahrzeugs in einer zweiten Ausführungsform,
• Fig. 6 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht von unten auf einen Fahrzeugrahmen eines Fahrzeugs in einer dritten Ausführungsform, und
• Fig. 7 repräsentiert eine Schnittansicht durch den End-Teil gemäß Fig. 1.

The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. The elements of the drawings are relative to one another and not necessarily to scale. Like reference numerals designate corresponding parts accordingly.

• Fig. 1 shows a perspective view obliquely from below of an end of a vehicle with an absorber device in a first embodiment,
• Fig. 2 performs another perspective side-oblique sectional view of the end portion of the vehicle according to Fig. 1 on,
• Fig. 3 shows a perspective side view of a vehicle frame of the vehicle according to Fig. 1 with a collision bar in operating position,
• Fig. 4 shows a perspective side view of a vehicle frame of the vehicle according to Fig. 1 with a collision bar in stowed position,
• Fig. 5 shows a perspective view from below of a vehicle frame of a vehicle in a second embodiment,
• Fig. 6 shows a perspective view from below of a vehicle frame of a vehicle in a third embodiment, and
• Fig. 7 represents a sectional view through the end part according to Fig. 1 ,

embodiments

In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 a vehicle end or tip of a vehicle 20 is shown in perspective views from below and obliquely-laterally, with a possible floor covering or underbody protection are not shown. Such a vehicle 20 may be, for example, a rail vehicle.

The following description refers in part also to Fig. 3, Fig. 4 . Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 , where the Fig. 3 to Fig. 6 only partially depict the vehicle 20 to illustrate specific embodiments.

A horizontal orientation, a longitudinal direction 21 and a vertical direction 22 are defined on the vehicle 20 in the proper use, so when the vehicle 20 is on a horizontal tread, road or on horizontal rails.

In this case, a vehicle frame 23 is provided, which serves to carry components of the vehicle 20, for example, wheels, not shown, or a roller work, an outer lining or an outer cover 25, a vehicle floor 30 and the passenger and / or driver's cab 31 arranged thereon.

In addition, an absorber device 1 is supported in the longitudinal direction 21 on force introduction sections 24 of the vehicle frame 23, for which purpose two absorber elements 2 of the absorber device 1 are fastened to the force introduction sections 24.

The arrangement and effective direction of the absorber elements 2 defines an absorption direction 3, which is aligned in particular parallel to the longitudinal direction 21 and / or horizontally.

Furthermore, the vehicle frame 23 has a coupling bearing 28 to which a coupling device 27 is mounted. In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 the coupling device 27 is shown in a storage position, wherein the coupling device 27 is mounted in folded-in form in the horizontal direction between the absorber device 1. A coupling with another, not shown vehicle is not possible with the coupling device 27 in storage position.

The absorber device 1 has the two absorber elements 2, a collision bar 10 and a holding device 5, the collision bar 10 being fastened to the absorber elements 2 with the aid of the holding device 5.

In Fig. 1, Fig. 2 . Fig. 3 . Fig. 5, and Fig. 6 the collision bar 10 is arranged in the intended operating position, the collision bar 10 and the coupling device 27 are present in the vertical direction 22 at the same height or in the same plane, in the coupling plane.

Both the coupling device 27, as well as the collision bar 10 of the absorber device 1 are visually hidden behind the outer cover 25 and a cover 26 covering a cover 29 of the outer cover 25 so that they can not be seen by a surrounding viewer.

A collision of the vehicle 20 with another vehicle, with another road user or other object at the height of the collision bar 10 causes the resulting collision forces through the outer cover 25 and through the cover 29 in the collision bracket 10, in particular in a bracket portion 11 of the collision bracket 10, would be entered. In order to reduce negative effects of this collision on the collision partners, the absorber device 1 is now able to absorb at least part of the kinetic energy of the collision. For this purpose, collision forces and / or collisions displacements caused thereby are introduced via at least one strap end 12 of the collision bar 10 into at least one of the absorber elements 2. The absorber elements 2 are designed as damping unit, which can absorb kinetic energy accordingly.

As a consequence, unwanted consequences on the vehicle 20 of the force input caused by a collision in the vehicle 20, in particular in the vehicle frame 23, but also on the collision partner, are reduced. Optionally occurs a temporary deformation and / or partial damage of the outer cover 25 or the cover 29 a.

The above described and in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 . Fig. 3 . Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 shown arrangement of the collision bracket 10 in the operating position requires the coupling device 27 folded provided in the storage position, and prevents an arrangement of this in the unfolded, straight coupling position. Alternatively, the coupling could also be displaced or pushed together in the longitudinal direction, in any case, the coupling end must be longitudinally behind the collision bracket.

To make this possible, the collision bar 10 is according to Fig. 4 and Fig. 7 to move into a stowed position, wherein this is moved in the vertical direction 22 upwards out of the coupling plane out. Thus, the space for the coupling device 27 is released in the clutch position, wherein optionally for the cover 29 to fold over the provided for the coupling device 27 recess 26, to overtake or otherwise remove. Consequently, the coupling device 27 engages in the coupling position, the recess 26 of the outer cover 25th

In order to be able to represent an arrangement of the collision bar 10 both in the operating position and in the coupling position and a corresponding transfer, the holding device 5 comprises according to the in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 . FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 In this case, the holding device 5 is attached with a part of the absorber device 2 and carries with another part of the collision bar 10. These two parts of the holding device 5 form the guide device. 7 and are slidably fixed to each other in the vertical direction 22 according to a guide rail constellation. This results in a displaceable arrangement of the collision bar 10 on the absorber elements 2. In this case, the collision bar 10 assumes the operating position in the lower position and the stowage position in the upper position.

Furthermore, between the parts of the holding device 5, a connecting device 6 for fixing both parts is effectively provided to each other, which, for example, as a pin design for insertion into holes provided according to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 can be designed. If the connecting device 6 is active, for example, the pin is present in aligned holes in both parts of the holding device 5, then both parts are mechanically entangled with each other, and a displacement is impossible. In particular, the connecting device 6, the guide device 7, or the holding device 5 can fix the collision bar 10 both in the operating position and in the stowed position. This has the consequence that an undesired change of the collision bar 10 between the positions is avoided.

Furthermore, the holding device 5, or the guide device 7 may be equipped with a damper device 9, so that the movement of the collision bar 10 between the stowed position and the operating position can be supported and / or attenuated. In particular, the damper device 9 assists movement of the collision bar 10 from the operating position to the stowed position, and dampens the movement from the stowed position to the operating position.

The statements according to Fig. 5 or according to Fig. 6 differ from the embodiment according to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 by the embodiment holding device 5 and the guide device 7. Contrary to the integral embodiment according to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the guidance of the collision bracket 10 in the vertical direction 22 in this case by means provided in the collision bracket 10 bracket guide elements 13 (FIG. Fig. 5 ) or ironing guide elements 14 (FIG. Fig. 6 ) and corresponding, not explicitly shown, further guide elements allows. For example, the guide elements, not shown, are designed as guide rods, which engage in guide elements 13 and 14 acting as guide holes in the vertical direction 22. Consequently, there is a structural connection between the collision bar 10 and the absorber elements 2 by means of the connecting device 6 only in the operating position of the collision bar 10; In this case, it should be noted that a restriction on the number and specific arrangement of the temple guide elements 13 and 14, or on details of the embodiments described above the skilled person at this point not may be considered.

In addition, a displacement device for moving the collision bar 10 between the positions may be provided, which according to the embodiments of Fig. 5 or Fig. 6 designed as a three-point Bowden cable. If this displacement device is actuated, the fixation of the connection device 6 can be opened, for example, in an automatic manner, the displacement device is actuated and the movement of the collision bracket 10 is completed, and the connection device 6 in turn activated. In particular, in the course of this process, the coupling device 27 is extended or folded, and accordingly the cover 29 is removed or attached to the recess 26.

Fig. 7 shows a partial side sectional view of the end of the vehicle 20, wherein the collision bracket 10 in the stowed position and the coupling device 27 is arranged in the coupling position. The coupling device 27 and / or the coupling bearing 28 are designed such that the coupling device 27 can be pivoted in the vertical direction 22, ie perpendicular to the coupling plane, by approximately +/- 3.9 ° relative to the horizontal. The representation in Fig. 7 shows the coupling device 27 in different pivotal positions in the vertical direction 22nd

While specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it is within the scope of the present invention to properly modify the embodiments shown without departing from the scope of the present invention Deviate invention, for example by combining the embodiments according to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , with one or more of the embodiments according to Fig. 5 or Fig. 6 wherein, for example, designed as a Bowden cable 8 displacement device for moving the collision bracket 10 according to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 is used.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

absorber device

2

absorber element

3

absorption direction

5

holder

6

connecting device

7

guiding device

8th

Bowden

9

damper device

10

Ironing collision

11

Ironing area

12

Ironing end

13

Ironing guide element (in the ironing area)

14

Bow guide element (temple end)

20

vehicle

21

longitudinal direction

22

vertical direction

23

vehicle frame

24

Force application section

25

outer cover

26

recess

27

coupling device

28

clutch bearings

29

cover

30

vehicle floor

31

cab

Claims (15)

An absorber device (1) for a vehicle (20), in particular for absorbing kinetic energy in the event of a collision of the vehicle (20) at least two absorber elements (2), each of which are mountable on a force introduction section (24) of a vehicle frame (23) of the vehicle (20) and define an absorption direction (3), - A holding device (5), and a collision bracket (10) with two strap ends (12), designed for the direct absorption of collision forces, - The collision bracket (10) by means of the holding device (5) in a predetermined operating position in a coupling plane to the absorber elements (2) is arranged such that collision forces from the collision bracket (10) via the strap ends (12) in the absorber elements (2) derivable are and - The collision bracket (10) by means of the holding device (5) in a proper storage position outside the coupling plane can be arranged such that the collision bracket (10) is arranged relative to the operating position at least partially perpendicular to the absorption direction (3), and so that the collision bracket ( 10) in the stowed position relative to its operating position, not by more than 5 cm, by more than 10 cm or not more than 1% of a total length of the vehicle (20) projects beyond the absorption direction (3). Absorber device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the holding device (5) has at least one guide device (7) for displacing the collision bracket (10). Absorber device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, comprising at least one connecting device (6) for fixing the collision bracket (10) in the operating position. Absorber device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the guide device (7) in the region of a strap portion (11) of the collision bracket (10) is provided, wherein at least one bracket guide element (13) of the guide device (7) in the bracket portion (11) for guiding the collision bracket (10) is provided. Absorber device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the guide device (7) in the region of the strap ends (12) and / or the absorber elements (2) is provided, wherein at least one strap guide element (14) of the guide device (7) at a strap end (12) is provided for guiding the collision bracket (10). Absorber device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on the absorber elements (2) each have a holding device (5) for supporting the collision bracket (10) is attached. Absorber device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a displacement device for moving the collision bracket (10) between the operating position and the stowed position, in particular wherein the displacement device has a Bowden cable (8). Absorber device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a damper device (9), which for damping and / or to support a displacement movement of the collision bar between the stowage position and the operating position. A vehicle (20) comprising a vehicle frame (23) and an absorber device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the vehicle frame (23) at least one end of the vehicle frame (23) in a longitudinal direction (21) of the vehicle (20) at least two Having force introduction portions (24), and the absorber elements (2) at the force introduction portions (24) are arranged. Vehicle (20) with a vehicle frame (23), an outer cover (25) and at least one absorber device (1), wherein the absorber device (10) at least one, in particular two, absorber element (s) (2) arranged on a force introduction section (24) of the vehicle frame (23) and having an absorption direction (3), - A holding device (5), and - Has a collision bracket (10) configured for the direct absorption of collision forces, - In which the collision bar (10) by means of the holding device (5) in an intended operating position to the absorber element (2) can be arranged such that collision forces from the collision bar (10) in the absorber elements (2) are derivable, and - wherein the collision bracket (10) by means of the holding device (5) in an intended storage position can be arranged such that the collision bracket (10) is arranged relative to the operating position at least partially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (21) and / or absorption direction (3), and that the collision bracket (10) in the stowed position the outer cover (25) in a longitudinal direction (21) of the vehicle (20) or not by more than 1% of a total length of the vehicle (20) projects beyond. Vehicle (20) according to claim 9 or 10, comprising at least one coupling device (27) for coupling with other vehicles, which is arranged at one end of the vehicle frame (23) in the longitudinal direction (21). Vehicle (20) according to claim 11, wherein the coupling device (27) is designed such that it can be arranged in a storage position and in a coupling position on the vehicle frame (23), wherein an extension of the coupling device (27) in the longitudinal direction (21) in the Clutch position is greater than in the storage position. Vehicle (20) according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the outer cover (25) at one end region of the vehicle (20) in the longitudinal direction (21) at least one recess (26) for engaging the coupling device (27) in the coupling position, and wherein at least a cover member (29) is provided for closing the recess (26), in particular when the coupling device (27) is arranged in the coupling position. Method for operating a vehicle (20) when coupling or uncoupling a further vehicle according to one of Claims 11 to 13, comprising the following steps: a) moving the collision bracket (10) from the operating position to the stowed position, and b) functionally arranging the coupling device (27) in the coupling position, or c) moving the coupling device (27) from the operating position to the storage position, and d) shifting the collision bracket (10) from the stowage position to the operating position. A method of operating a vehicle (20) according to claim 14, comprising the following step: e) opening the connecting device (6) before the collision bar (10) according to step a) is moved, and removing the cover member (29) before the coupling device (27) according to step b) is arranged, or f) closing the connecting element (7) after the collision bar (10) has been moved in accordance with step d), and attaching the cover element (29) after the coupling device (27) has been arranged according to step c).

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