EP3523518A1 - Eigendiagnose eines abgaskatalysators durch messung der s-parameter - Google Patents
Eigendiagnose eines abgaskatalysators durch messung der s-parameterInfo
- Publication number
- EP3523518A1 EP3523518A1 EP17771409.4A EP17771409A EP3523518A1 EP 3523518 A1 EP3523518 A1 EP 3523518A1 EP 17771409 A EP17771409 A EP 17771409A EP 3523518 A1 EP3523518 A1 EP 3523518A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- antenna
- aging
- measuring system
- scr
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
- F01N11/007—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring oxygen or air concentration downstream of the exhaust apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/008—Mounting or arrangement of exhaust sensors in or on exhaust apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N22/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/05—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a magnetic, e.g. electromagnetic, device other than a valve
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
- F01N2550/02—Catalytic activity of catalytic converters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
- F01N2550/03—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems of sorbing activity of adsorbents or absorbents
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/12—Other sensor principles, e.g. using electro conductivity of substrate or radio frequency
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/14—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics having more than one sensor of one kind
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/0416—Methods of control or diagnosing using the state of a sensor, e.g. of an exhaust gas sensor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
- F01N2900/1402—Exhaust gas composition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1621—Catalyst conversion efficiency
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1622—Catalyst reducing agent absorption capacity or consumption amount
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- ammonia-SCR nitrogen oxide concentration
- This system is particularly advantageous for reducing NOx emissions in both trucks and cars.
- a urea water solution is injected as a reducing agent into the exhaust system of the vehicle.
- This liquid reducing agent is vaporized in the exhaust system and ultimately converted into gaseous ammonia (NH3).
- NH3 gaseous ammonia
- this ammonia converts the harmful nitrogen oxides (NOx) into nitrogen (N2) and water (H20).
- ammonia must first be adsorbed, ie stored, in the SCR catalyst.
- the NOx conversion can, in particular at low catalyst temperatures, depend strongly on the amount of ammonia stored.
- a first aspect of the present invention relates to a catalyst measurement system for self-diagnosis and aging determination of an SCR catalyst for a vehicle.
- the catalyst measuring system comprises the following components: an SCR catalyst for cleaning the exhaust gases of a vehicle, a high-frequency measuring arrangement which has at least two antennas for measuring the resonance frequencies of the SCR catalytic converter, wherein preferably the first antenna is located in front of the SCR catalytic converter and Preferably, the second antenna is located after the SCR catalyst.
- the Hochfre acid sequence measuring arrangement is designed to guide the two antennas selectively emit electromagnetic signals and received.
- the high-frequency measuring arrangement is further configured to evaluate the transmitted and the received electromagnetic signals and to compare them with a predefined threshold value in order to carry out the self-diagnosis and the aging condition determination.
- the catalyst measuring system with high-frequency assisted catalysis sator- / filter diagnosis opens up many opportunities to From ⁇ gas catalyst and filters to regulate more closely, thereby improving the efficiency and NOx emissions of the SCR catalyst can be improved.
- the introduction of several antennas into the exhaust gas system also creates new possibilities for disruptions. It is an essential requirement to diagnose and compensate these safely
- the catalyst measuring system should be in a defined, stable operating point at the beginning of the measurement process.
- a defined, stable operating point can be present at a constant temperature, at a constant exhaust gas volume flow and / or at a constant EGR rate (exhaust gas recirculation rate).
- the ammonia dosage can be switched off for this purpose.
- the catalyst measuring system can be operated without ammonia metering until the high-frequency measuring arrangement detects a constant value for the ammonia loading. Then the SCR catalyst is free of ammonia.
- the high-frequency measuring arrangement can couple electromagnetic waves into the exhaust system via small coupling elements, eg antennas, and the reflection or transmission of the emitted electromagnetic waves can be measured. The electromagnetic waves correlate with the loading state of the
- the metallic catalyst housing is an electrical cavity resonator.
- coaxial pin coupler which are introduced into the Katalysa ⁇ gate housing.
- the di- / electrical properties of the SCR catalyst are determined by its ceramic honeycomb including the coating and the storage material and can be measured by the high-frequency measuring arrangement.
- the change in the resonance behavior for example the resonance frequency obtained from the reflection coefficients
- the transmission can be used as a signal feature.
- Aging can be either an actual aging of the materials of the antenna and / or the catalyst or also increasing contamination of the antenna and / or the catalyst.
- Typical aging effects of an SCR catalyst are example ⁇ example conversion of the storage centers, de-activation of the catalytically active layer, for example, caused by oxidation or deposits primarily of metal oxides.
- Typical pollution phenomena for example, deposits of salts of ammonia, carbon black or medium to long chain Kohlenwas ⁇ bons.
- the reflections and the transmissions through the at least two antennas can be measured at different operating points of the SCR catalytic converter. Thus, at least four measured variables can be detected and compared.
- the catalyst aging state detection and the self-diagnosis of the catalyst measuring system is based on the comparison of the individual resonance parameters for a system with at least two antennas, ie with at least four measurable resonance parameters.
- the resonance parameters can be divided into reflections and transmissions.
- the reflection and / or Transmissionspa ⁇ parameters are also referred to as S-parameters, wherein Sil denotes the reflection of the light emitted from the first antenna signals, the reflected signal is also first of the n
- the reflection of the signals emitted by the second antenna, which can be received by the second antenna, is referred to as S22.
- the signals transmitted from the first antenna received from the second antenna are referred to as S21 and the signals transmitted from the second antenna received from the first antenna are referred to as S12.
- the two parameters S21 and S12 may be transmissions, i. the signals can pass through the SCR catalyst.
- the measurement should take place at known and / or defined operating conditions of the SCR catalyst, e.g. before starting with a cold catalyst, when reaching the operating temperature after a start, at steady-state operating points or after a regeneration of the SCR catalytic converter. In this case, the data from different operating points can be used to determine the state of the entire system.
- the threshold values of the measured values can be adjusted as a function of the aging of the SCR catalytic converter.
- the measured values of the S-parameters Sil and S22 can be used.
- the behavior of the SCR catalyst and thus also the values of the S parameters change with increasing aging of the SCR catalyst or with decreasing activity of the SCR catalyst. Usually this is even a linear behavior.
- the catalyst measuring system may be designed to carry out the self-diagnosis and the aging detection at specific, for example, regular intervals, so that the aging state of the catalyst can be monitored. If it is determined by the catalyst measuring system that a certain aging condition has been exceeded, the user can receive an indication of an exchange of the catalyst. For the catalyst measuring system no extra NOx sensor must be provided for aging detection.
- the aging determination takes place exclusively via the high-frequency measuring arrangement with the at least two antennas.
- the S-parameters can be determined independently at constant operating points by the catalyst measuring system.
- the high-frequency measuring arrangement can also measure the maximum possible ammonia loading of the SCR catalytic converter.
- the catalyst measuring system can compare the current measured values with the reference values. Are no deviations of
- the measured S-parameters S12 and S21 can be corrected by numerical methods, eg by the Newton method. After the correction of S parameters, the S parameters S12 and S21 are compared with their respective reference values. If there are no changes in the S parameters S12 and S21 compared to the reference values, there is a disturbance of the antennas and no additional aging of the SCR catalytic converter. Show the
- the catalyst measuring system may take action after self-diagnosis, e.g. a thermal regeneration to rid the antennas of contaminants, if any, and / or to trigger a recalibration of the catalyst sensing system. Furthermore, the catalyst measuring system can indicate an exchange of the SCR catalyst if the aging is too great.
- An embodiment of the invention provides that the high-frequency measuring arrangement is embodied, four different ones
- the first antenna emits a signal and measures its reflection
- the second antenna emits a signal and measures its reflection
- the first antenna emits a signal and the second antenna measures the transmitted signal and wherein the second antenna Signal and the first antenna measures the transmitted signal.
- the use of at least two antennas results in at least four different measured variables which are considered can be. These measured variables are also referred to as S-parameters.
- Two of the S parameters Sil and S22 correspond to the reflections and two of the S parameters S12 and S21 correspond to the transmissions. In the reflections, electromagnetic signals can be transmitted from an antenna and received back from the same antenna.
- the parameter Sil is the reflection of the first antenna
- the parameter S22 is the reflection of the second antenna.
- the signals are transmitted from one antenna and received by the other antenna, the signals are thus transmitted through the SCR catalytic converter.
- S12 denotes the S parameter in which the measurement signal is transmitted from the second antenna and received by the first antenna.
- the S-parameter S21 denotes the signals emitted by the first antenna which are received by the second antenna.
- a further embodiment of the invention provides that the predefined threshold values are one of the last measurements, preferably the last measurement.
- the measured values determined by the high-frequency measuring arrangement can be compared with predefined threshold values or reference values in order to be able to determine changes in the catalyst measuring system.
- predefined threshold values are, inter alia, the values of the last ones executed
- Measurement ie whether the SCR catalyst or one of the antennas has changed compared to the last measurement. If it is determined that one of the antennas has changed in comparison to this measurement, the measured values can be corrected by the influence of the changed antenna. With the corrected measured values, the aging state of the SCR catalytic converter can be determined. Thus, a change in the system can be detected compared to the last measurement. alternative the measured values of the catalyst measuring system can serve as reference values when new.
- the high-frequency measuring arrangement is designed to carry out a diagnosis of the catalyst measuring system taking into account the measured data and to determine the aging state of the SCR catalytic converter.
- Aging can calculate the catalyst measuring system by comparing the measured S-parameters to a predefined threshold. Depending on the comparison, conclusions can be drawn about the aging status of the SCR catalytic converter. As a possible threshold value, the resonant frequencies of the SCR catalytic converter can be used when new. Thus, the aging of the SCR catalyst can be determined in relation to the new condition, or a percentage aging can be specified. An alternative may be the resonant frequencies of the last valid measurement of the catalyst measuring system. Thus, the aging can be followed step by step. The catalyst measuring system can compare the measured resonance frequencies with the stored resonance frequencies and draw conclusions about the aging state of the SCR catalytic converter from this comparison. The older the SCR catalyst is, the less ammonia can be stored, which also reduces the resonance frequency.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides that the high-frequency measuring arrangement is designed to recognize and eliminate interference effects in the measured data, taking into account the comparison of the received signals with the predefined threshold value.
- each component of the catalyst measuring system can be separated from one another be diagnosed. If it is found that one of the antennas exhibits aging and / or contamination, the catalyst measuring system can correct the S-parameters by this effect, using numerical methods. Thus, an efficient diagnosis of the catalyst measuring system is possible even with partially disturbed antennas.
- Another embodiment of the invention provides that the high-frequency measuring device is designed, taking into account the catalyst measuring system diagnostics to calibrate the Katalysa ⁇ tormesssystem new.
- the catalyst measurement system may trigger a recalibration of the system.
- the catalyst measuring system can be brought into a new initial state for the next measurement.
- An embodiment of the invention provides that the high-frequency measuring arrangement is designed, taking into account the catalyst measuring system diagnosis, a thermal regeneration of the SCR catalyst and the associated components and measuring devices, e.g. of the antennas.
- the catalyst measuring system can trigger a thermal regeneration of the system. As a result, the antennas can be freed from contamination. Thus, the catalyst measuring system for the next measurement can be brought into a new initial state and the antennas should again be free of interference.
- Another aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle having a catalytic sensor system for self-diagnosis and for determining the state of aging of an SCR catalyst.
- a vehicle may be equipped with the catalyst measuring system to reduce the NOx output of the vehicle.
- the catalytic converter measuring system is installed.
- the catalyst measuring system can perform a self-diagnosis to determine the aging state of the SCR catalyst and measure a ⁇ stored quantity of ammonia in the SCR catalyst. If certain limit values are exceeded or exceeded, the catalyst measuring system can report these or, if appropriate, adjust the regulation of the ammonia metering system. Furthermore, the catalyst measurement system may perform thermal regeneration or recalibration of the catalyst measurement system.
- the vehicle may be a gasoline, diesel, biofuel, synthetic fuel or gas vehicle. Also, the invention can be used in hybrid vehicles with an internal combustion engine.
- the vehicle is, for example, a
- Motor vehicle such as car, bus or truck, or even to a rail vehicle, a ship, an aircraft, such as a helicopter or an aircraft.
- Another aspect of this invention relates to a method for self-diagnosis and for determining the state of aging of an SCR catalyst, comprising the following steps:
- first antenna sends and measures the reflection
- second antenna sends and measures the reflection
- first antenna transmits and second antenna measures the transmission
- second antenna transmits and first antenna measures the transmission
- the method for self-diagnosis and for determining the Old ⁇ approximately state of an SCR catalyst comprises several steps. At the beginning of the procedure, the reference parameters can be generated for later comparison. For this purpose, the behavior of a SCR catalytic converter when new or the last valid measurement can be used. Subsequently, the actual measurement is started, for this purpose, a constant operating point of the SCR catalyst can be approached. At this constant operating point, the temperature, flow rate and EGR rate should be kept constant. Subsequently, the measurement of the four S-parameters takes place. It can too
- Measurement data from different operating points are used.
- the reflections of the first and the second antenna are measured by the first and the second antenna, respectively.
- the transmissions are also detected by the two antennas.
- the first antenna emits an electromagnetic signal and the second antenna measures the electromagnetic signal and vice versa.
- the measured S-parameters can then be compared with the reference parameters. From the comparison, conclusions can be drawn about the state of the antennas of the high-frequency measuring arrangement and the aging state of the antenna
- the method may provide to recalibrate the catalyst measuring system or perform thermal regeneration.
- the aging determination of the SCR catalyst can be carried out without additional sensors. However, this does not mean that no further sensors can be installed to ensure, for example, other functions.
- the method makes it possible to determine the aging of the SCR catalyst, in particular with respect to its ammonia storage capacity, which has a decisive influence on its
- a further aspect of the present invention relates to a program element which, when executed by a high-frequency measuring arrangement of a catalyst measuring system, instructs the catalyst measuring system to carry out the method described in the context of the present invention.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a computer-readable medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a high-frequency measurement arrangement of a catalyst measurement system, instructs the catalyst measurement system to perform the method described in the context of the present invention.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a catalyst ⁇ tormesssystems according to an embodiment of the invention.
- 2 shows a schematic representation of an engine with an exhaust system and the catalyst measuring system according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a
- FIG. 4 shows a flow chart for a method for determining the aging of an SCR catalytic converter according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 5 shows a vehicle having a built-Katalysa ⁇ tormesssystem according to an embodiment of the invention.
- 6 shows a flowchart in which the method for self-diagnosis of the SCR catalytic converter is represented by measuring the S parameters.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of one Katalysa ⁇ tormesssystems 100.
- the ammonia load can be calculated using models based on signals from a wide variety of exhaust system sensors and actuators. Furthermore, engine operating state data enter the models as an input variable.
- the catalyst measuring system 100 has an SCR catalytic converter 110 and a high-frequency measuring arrangement 120, which has at least two antennas 121, 122.
- the antennas 121, 122 are located in the housing of the SCR catalyst 110, with one antenna 121 installed in front of the SCR catalyst 110 and the other antenna 122 after the SCR catalyst 110.
- the SCR catalyst 110 serves to purify the exhaust of the vehicle from harmful NOx emissions. Ammonia is also required to purify the exhaust gas from NOx emissions. This one is in liquid form injected into the exhaust system of the vehicle. The injected ammonia vaporizes and converts the NOx into nitrogen and water in the SCR catalyst 110.
- the two antennas 121, 122 emit electromagnetic waves and measure their reflections or transmissions. Due to these measured values, a self-diagnosis of the catalyst measuring system 100 and the determination of the old ⁇ -state condition of the SCR catalyst 110 can be performed.
- Interferences in the antennas 121, 122 can also be detected by a comparison of the measured value and, if appropriate, the measured values ascertained by this disturbed antenna 121, 122 can be corrected.
- the Hochfre acid sequence measuring arrangement 120 is able to measure the resonance frequency and the dielectric loss of the SCR catalyst 110th Both measured parameters change depending on the amount of stored ammonia in the SCR catalyst 110.
- Radio frequency metering arrangement 120 may compare the measured parameters with the reference parameters.
- the reference parameters may relate to the new condition of the SCR catalyst 110 or to the last valid measurement by the Katalysa ⁇ tormesssystem 100. The comparison can be concluded that the aging state of the SCR catalyst 110th As aging increases, the maximum amount of ammonia stored decreases.
- FIG. 2 shows the catalyst measuring system 200 installed in an exhaust system 220 of a vehicle.
- the internal combustion engine 210 generates energy and exhaust gases when burning fuel. Among other things, nitrogen oxides (NOx) also occur as part of the exhaust gases.
- the exhaust gases are discharged through the exhaust system 220 into the environment.
- exhaust gas purification systems such as an SCR catalytic converter 110, are installed in the exhaust system 220.
- the catalyst measuring system 100 to perform a self-diagnosis of the catalyst measuring system and to monitor the aging of the SCR catalyst 110. Furthermore, the control of the SCR catalyst 110 can be optimized.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the Katalysa ⁇ tormesssystems 100.
- a first antenna 121 is shown prior to or in the initial region of the SCR catalyst 110 and a second antenna 122 is installed to or in the end region of the SCR catalyst 110.
- the exhaust gases flow in Fig. 3 from left to right.
- the two antennas 121, 122 are connected to the high-frequency measuring arrangement 120.
- the high-frequency measuring arrangement 120 controls the two antennas 121, 122 and evaluates the data received by the antennas 121, 122.
- the first antenna 121 sends out the signals for the S-parameters Sil and S21 and receives the signals for the S-parameters Sil and S12.
- the second antenna sends out the signals for the S-parameters S22 and S12 and receives the signals for the S-parameters S22 and S21.
- 4 shows a flowchart for a method for self-diagnosis and for determining the state of aging of an SCR catalytic converter.
- the reference parameters are determined for a later comparison.
- the initialization of the measurement takes place in step 402.
- the SCR catalytic converter is operated at a constant operating point.
- the measurement of the four S-parameters takes place in step 403.
- the comparison of the measured S-parameters and the reference parameters takes place in step 404.
- step 405 the self-diagnosis is established from the comparison of the measured S-parameters and the reference parameters and the aging state of the S-parameter
- FIG. 5 shows a vehicle 500 with an SCR catalytic converter 110 and a catalytic converter measuring system 100.
- the catalytic converter measuring system 100 may detect the aging state of the SCR catalytic converter 110.
- FIG. 6 shows a flow chart with which the method for self-diagnosis and aging determination of a
- the catalyst measuring system carries out a measurement of the four Reso ⁇ nanzparameter Sil, S22, S12, S21 (S parameter) in specific operating conditions of the engine / catalyst / total system.
- S parameter Reso ⁇ nanzparameter Sil, S22, S12, S21
- the reference parameters eg the values of the last diagnosis
- By comparing the two reflection parameters Sil and S22 of the new measurement with the reference parameters it can be determined whether one or both antennas have changed their behavior, eg due to contamination or aging.
- both antennas still behave the same, the previously determined change can be interpreted as a change in the catalyst material, eg caused by aging. If there is a change in the behavior of one and / or both antennas, this disturbance can be eliminated by numerical methods.
- a possible change in the catalyst material can be detected and evaluated. All individual components of the catalyst measuring system can thus be separated and precisely di ⁇ agnosti extend. The possible aging and / or contamination phenomena of the antennas can be compensated and the catalyst measuring system can be recalibrated if necessary. Likewise, initiating thermal regeneration is possible to rid the antennas of contamination.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016219646.4A DE102016219646A1 (de) | 2016-10-10 | 2016-10-10 | Eigendiagnose eines Abgaskatalysators durch Messung der S-Parameter |
PCT/EP2017/073495 WO2018068994A1 (de) | 2016-10-10 | 2017-09-18 | Eigendiagnose eines abgaskatalysators durch messung der s-parameter |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3523518A1 true EP3523518A1 (de) | 2019-08-14 |
Family
ID=59923429
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17771409.4A Withdrawn EP3523518A1 (de) | 2016-10-10 | 2017-09-18 | Eigendiagnose eines abgaskatalysators durch messung der s-parameter |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20190249587A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3523518A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102016219646A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2018068994A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016219555B4 (de) | 2016-10-07 | 2018-10-11 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | On-Board Diagnose für einen Abgaskatalysator und Alterungserkennung |
DE102018201391B4 (de) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-12-19 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln eines Zustands einer Mikrowellenantenne eines Abgasbehandlungselements für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
FR3082035B1 (fr) * | 2018-06-01 | 2020-06-05 | Continental Automotive France | Apprentissage automatique predictif pour la prediction d'une frequence de resonance d'un catalyseur de reduction selective des oxydes d'azote |
DE102018213353A1 (de) * | 2018-08-08 | 2020-02-13 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Antenne für ein Abgasbehandlungssystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Abgasbehandlungssystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
USD982375S1 (en) | 2019-06-06 | 2023-04-04 | Sharkninja Operating Llc | Food preparation device |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10358495B4 (de) * | 2003-12-13 | 2011-10-06 | Ralf Moos | Verfahren zur Erkennung des Zustands eines Katalysators mittels Mikrowellen |
DE102008012050A1 (de) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-03 | Fischerauer, Gerhard, Prof. Dr.-Ing. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Abgasnachbehandlungssystems, das einen Abgaskatalysator beinhaltet |
DE102010034983A1 (de) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-02-23 | Gerhard Fischerauer | Verfahren zur Erkennung des Ammoniakspeicherzustands eines SCR-Katalysators |
DE102011107784B4 (de) * | 2011-07-15 | 2014-03-13 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Zustandsbestimmung einer Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung |
WO2015090342A1 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-25 | Volvo Truck Corporation | System and method for determining a parameter indicative of an amount of a reducing agent |
DE102014209305B4 (de) * | 2014-05-16 | 2016-04-07 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Methode zur Detektion des Alterungsgrades von Abgaskatalysatoren |
US9435244B1 (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2016-09-06 | General Electric Company | System and method for injection control of urea in selective catalyst reduction |
US10118119B2 (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2018-11-06 | Cts Corporation | Radio frequency process sensing, control, and diagnostics network and system |
US9745909B2 (en) * | 2015-10-01 | 2017-08-29 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Radio frequency control of air-fuel ratio |
DE102016219555B4 (de) * | 2016-10-07 | 2018-10-11 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | On-Board Diagnose für einen Abgaskatalysator und Alterungserkennung |
-
2016
- 2016-10-10 DE DE102016219646.4A patent/DE102016219646A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2017
- 2017-09-18 WO PCT/EP2017/073495 patent/WO2018068994A1/de active Application Filing
- 2017-09-18 US US16/338,628 patent/US20190249587A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-09-18 EP EP17771409.4A patent/EP3523518A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2018068994A1 (de) | 2018-04-19 |
DE102016219646A1 (de) | 2018-04-12 |
US20190249587A1 (en) | 2019-08-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE102016219555B4 (de) | On-Board Diagnose für einen Abgaskatalysator und Alterungserkennung | |
WO2018068994A1 (de) | Eigendiagnose eines abgaskatalysators durch messung der s-parameter | |
DE102015222209A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Plausibilisierung eines NOx-Sensors in einem SCR-Katalysatorsystem | |
DE112016002717T5 (de) | Sensorkonfiguration für ein Nachbehandlungssystem umfassend einen SCR mit Filter | |
DE102010034983A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Erkennung des Ammoniakspeicherzustands eines SCR-Katalysators | |
DE102018213379A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Überwachung eines SCR-Katalysators | |
DE102014018037A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer NOx-Verminderungsleistung einer in einer Abgasleitung eines Kraftfahrzeugverbrennungsmotors angeordneten NOx-Reduktionskatalysatoreinrichtung | |
DE102016211575A1 (de) | Fehlererkennung in einem SCR-System mittels eines Ammoniak-Füllstands | |
WO2016070972A1 (de) | Verfahren zum ermitteln einer russbeladung eines mit einer selektiv katalytischen beschichtung versehenen partikelfilters | |
DE112013003836B4 (de) | Verfahren und System zum Feststellen einer Sensorfunktion für einen PM-Sensor | |
DE102012202671A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Diagnose eines SCR-Katalysatorsystems | |
DE112021001573T5 (de) | Steuerung und Verfahren zum Steuern des Betriebs eines Nachbehandlungssystems basierend auf kurz- und langfristigen Schätzungen der kumulativen Degredation | |
DE102012211703A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Überprüfung eines Stickoxidsensors | |
DE102016219640A1 (de) | Katalysator-Alterungserkennung mit minimalem Ammoniak-Schlupf | |
DE102013203578A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Abgasnachbehandlungssystems | |
DE102012211705A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Überprüfung eines Stickoxidsensors | |
EP2192282B1 (de) | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer SCR-Katalysatoreinrichtung | |
EP3523519B1 (de) | Katalysator-alterungserkennung ohne zusätzliche systemkomponente | |
EP3430248B1 (de) | Verfahren zum anpassen der kennlinie eines stickoxidsensors in einer brennkraftmaschine | |
DE102016210143A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Ermittlung eines Alterungszustands eines NOx-Speicherkatalysators einer Abgasnachbehandlungsanlage eines für einen Magerbetrieb ausgelegten Verbrennungsmotors sowie Steuerungseinrichtung | |
AT501503B1 (de) | Verfahren zur diagnose eines abgasnachbehandlungssystems | |
DE102008064606A1 (de) | Funktionsanpassung einer Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung | |
DE102013200623A1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Partikelfilters | |
DE102017214750B4 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln eines Zustands eines Abgasbehandlungselements für ein Kraftfahrzeug | |
DE102018214842A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Steuerung und/oder Regelung eines SCR-Katalysators einer in einem Kraftfahrzeug angeordneten Brennkraftmaschine |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20190510 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: MOOS, RALF Inventor name: SCHAEDLICH, DENNY Inventor name: BURGER, KATHARINA Inventor name: HIEN, MARKUS Inventor name: REITMEIER, WILLIBALD Inventor name: DIETRICH, MARKUS |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: VITESCO TECHNOLOGIES GMBH |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20200624 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: VITESCO TECHNOLOGIES GMBH |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20201105 |