EP3519757A1 - Échangeur de chaleur et procédé de fabrication associé - Google Patents
Échangeur de chaleur et procédé de fabrication associéInfo
- Publication number
- EP3519757A1 EP3519757A1 EP17787227.2A EP17787227A EP3519757A1 EP 3519757 A1 EP3519757 A1 EP 3519757A1 EP 17787227 A EP17787227 A EP 17787227A EP 3519757 A1 EP3519757 A1 EP 3519757A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tubes
- heat exchanger
- bundle
- tube
- elastomer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/006—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements with variable shape, e.g. with modified tube ends, with different geometrical features
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/126—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element consisting of zig-zag shaped fins
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
- F28F21/067—Details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
- F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
- F28F9/162—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by using bonding or sealing substances, e.g. adhesives
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
- F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2230/00—Sealing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/02—Fastening; Joining by using bonding materials; by embedding elements in particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
- F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle, and its method of manufacture.
- the tubes are generally tubes of oval or oblong section, defined by a major axis and a minor axis, and having ends inserted into holes of a header plate.
- heat exchangers There are mainly two types of heat exchangers, the mechanical heat exchangers, where the different elements forming the exchanger are mechanically fixed to each other, for example by crimping, and the brazed heat exchangers where the different elements forming the exchanger are fixed together by brazing.
- connection between the tubes and the collector plate is rigid and can not compensate for the phenomena of expansion and retraction due to temperature variations during its use. Over time these bonds weaken and breaks or leaks can occur.
- the seal between the header plate and the ends of the tubes is made by a compressible seal.
- This same seal makes it possible to absorb the phenomena of expansion and retraction related to temperature variations during the use of the heat exchanger.
- the tubes must be able to withstand the pressure exerted by the seal and therefore said tubes must be sufficiently thick, which unfortunately can adversely affect the performance of heat exchange and generate a cost detrimental to its competitiveness.
- An object of the present invention is therefore to at least partially overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an improved heat exchanger and its manufacturing process.
- the present invention therefore relates to a heat exchanger comprising:
- a bundle of tubes comprising a multitude of tubes arranged parallel to one another
- each manifold being arranged on each side of the bundle of tubes, each manifold comprising a collecting plate, said manifold plate comprising orifices inside which the ends of the tubes are introduced,
- the manifold plate having a flared collar at each orifice, said flared collars defining a spacing between the end of the tube and the collector plate at each orifice, each gap being filled at least partially by a polymerized elastomer seal.
- the use of a polymerized elastomer seal makes it possible to ensure a good seal because the polymerization is performed after it has been put in place.
- the elastomer takes the form of spacing.
- the polymerized elastomer seal applies little or no compression stresses on the walls of the tube which prevents the latter from seeing its reduced section under the pressure of the seal and thus that it decreases the seal. It is thus possible to use tubes whose walls are thinner, and therefore having a better thermal conductivity than a heat exchanger using a compressible seal.
- the reduction in thickness also makes it possible to reduce the mass of the exchanger and its cost price.
- the flared collars are made to point inwardly of the bundle of tubes.
- each spacing is filled at least partially by an independent polymerized elastomer seal.
- the elastomer of the polymerized elastomer seal is chosen from elastomers of silicone or acrylic type.
- the flared collars respectively have an internal opening opening inside the collector box, and an external opening opening outwardly of the manifold, said inner opening being larger than said outside opening.
- the distance between the outer wall of the tube and the wall of the header plate at the inner opening is between 0.8 and 2 mm and the distance between the outer wall of the tube and the wall of the collector plate at the outer opening is between 0.1 and 0.5mm.
- the ends of the tubes have a flare.
- the tube bundle comprises spacers disposed between the tubes, said spacers being interleaved brazed with the tubes so as to form said bundle of tubes.
- the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger comprising:
- a bundle of tubes comprising a plurality of tubes arranged parallel to one another, and
- each manifold being arranged on each side of the tube bundle, each manifold comprising a plate collector, said collector plate comprising orifices inside which the ends of the tubes are introduced,
- said method comprising the following steps:
- said manufacturing method comprises an additional step of flaring the ends of the tubes between the step of placing the elastomer and the polymerization step, which greatly increases the holding power. mechanical assembly.
- FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic representation of a heat exchanger
- FIG. 2 shows a diagrammatic representation in perspective and in section of the connection between a tube and the collector plate according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 3 shows a diagrammatic representation in perspective and in section of the connection between a tube and the collector plate according to a second embodiment
- Figures 4a to 4c show schematic sectional representations of the connection between the tubes and the header plate according to different stages of the manufacturing process. The identical elements in the different figures bear the same references.
- first element or second element as well as first parameter and second parameter, or first criterion and second criterion, and so on.
- first element or second element as well as first parameter and second parameter, or first criterion and second criterion, and so on.
- it is a simple indexing to differentiate and name elements or parameters or criteria close but not identical.
- This indexing does not imply a priority of one element, parameter or criterion with respect to another, and it is easy to interchange such denominations without departing from the scope of the present description.
- This indexing does not imply either an order in time for example to appreciate such or such criteria.
- FIG. 1 shows a heat exchanger 1 comprising a bundle formed of a multitude of tubes 2 within which a first heat transfer fluid can circulate.
- the tubes 2 are arranged parallel to each other. Between the tubes 2, there are spacers 6 which act as a disrupter and increase the heat exchange surface with a second heat transfer fluid passing between the tubes 2.
- the tubes 2 and the spacers 6 are generally made of metal and more particularly of aluminum.
- the tubes 2 and the spacers 6 form the bundle and can be fixed together mechanically.
- the spacers 6 also called spacers
- the fins are generally superposed plates and placed perpendicularly to the tubes 2.
- the fins comprise orifices in which the tubes 2 are inserted and fixed.
- the fixing of the tubes 2 is said to be mechanical, for example by widening the tubes 2 by means of a tube. olive larger than that of the tubes 2 which is inserted into the tubes 2 to increase their size, and then removed. This is called a mechanical beam whose tubes are expanded in the fins.
- the tubes 2 and the spacers 6 forming the bundle 2 can be fixed together by brazing.
- the spacers 6 may be what are called tabs.
- These spacers 6 are for example corrugated or crenellated strips, placed between the tubes 2 and fixed to said tubes 2 by brazing. This is called a brazed beam.
- the heat exchanger 1 also comprises two collecting boxes 3 or water boxes, a manifold 3 being disposed at each end of the tubes 2. These manifolds 3 each comprise a header plate 4 and a cap 8 coming to cover the header plate 4 and close the manifold 3. These manifolds 3 allow the collection and / or distribution of the first heat transfer fluid so that it circulates in the tubes 2.
- the header plate 4 is sealingly connected between the manifold 3 and the bundle of tubes 2.
- the header plate 4 may be of generally rectangular shape.
- the collector plate 4 also comprises a multitude of orifices 40 having a shape corresponding to the shape of the section of the tubes 2 and adapted to receive the ends of the tubes 2.
- the collector plate 4 also comprises a flared collar 42 at each orifice 40.
- flared collar 42 is meant that at the level of the orifices 40, the wall of the collector plate 4 is flared so that the flared collar 42 has an opening 42a interior, opening inside the manifold 3, larger size at an outer opening 42b, opening out of the manifold 3.
- the inner opening 42a and the outer opening 42b are particularly visible in Figures 4a and 4b.
- the flared collars 42 are preferably made to point inwardly of the bundle of tubes 2, as shown in Figures 2 to 4c.
- the flared collars 42 may advantageously be made of material with the collector plate 4 and may for example be formed at the same time as the orifices 40 by stamping.
- the flared collars 42 define a spacing 43 between the end of the tubes 2 and the collector plate 4 at each orifice 40. This spacing 43 is filled at least partially by a polymerized elastomer seal 5 in order to ensure the tightness of the collector box.
- Each gap 43 is preferably filled at least partially by an independent polymerized elastomer seal.
- the distance d (see Figure 4a) between the outer wall of the tube 2 and the wall of the collector plate 4 at the inner opening 42a is preferably between 0.8 and 2mm.
- the distance from (see Figure 4a) between the outer wall of the tube 2 and the wall of the collector plate 4 at the outer opening 42b is preferably between 0.1 and 0.5mm.
- the height h (see Figure 4a) Flared collars 42, that is to say the depth of the spacing 43 closest to the tubes 2 can be between 3 and 5mm.
- the elastomer of the polymerized elastomer seal 5 is preferably selected from silicone or acrylic elastomers and may be polymerizable by various methods such as thermal or ultraviolet polymerization.
- the use of a polymerized elastomer seal 5 ensures a good seal because the polymerization is performed after its introduction. Thus the elastomer takes the form of the spacing 43.
- the polymerized elastomer seal 5 does not apply or few compression stresses on the walls of the tube 2, which prevents the latter from having its reduced section under the pressure of the seal and therefore that decreases the seal. It is thus possible to use tubes 2 whose walls are thinner, and therefore having a better thermal conductivity than a heat exchanger using a compressible seal. The reduction in thickness also makes it possible to reduce the mass of the exchanger and its cost price.
- the ends of the tubes 2 may also have a flare 20. This flaring 20 of the ends of the tubes 2 blocks the tubes 2 in translation and prevents the tubes 2 can come out of the orifices
- This form of flaring also makes it possible to work the polymerizable joint preferentially in compression rather than in shear, more severe stress for bonded bonds.
- This flaring 20 of the ends of the tubes 3 can be made around the entire periphery of the end of the tubes 2, conforming to the shape of the flared collars 42, as illustrated in FIG. 3, or it can be local and only concern one portion of the periphery of the end of the tubes 2
- the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger 1 as illustrated in Figures 4a to 4c.
- the heat exchanger 1 comprises:
- a bundle of tubes 2 comprising a multitude of tubes 2 arranged parallel to one another, and
- each manifold 3 comprises a manifold plate 4 and said manifold plate 4 comprising orifices 40 inside which the ends of the tubes 2 are introduced.
- the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
- the introduction of the elastomer within the spacing 43 can in particular be carried out by an automated mechanical arm, provided with an injector and which individually fills the different spacings 43 along the contour of the ends of the tubes 2.
- the polymerization step of the elastomer can be carried out, depending on the elastomer used, by a heat treatment or else by an ultraviolet treatment.
- the elastomer is preferably chosen from elastomers of silicone or acrylic type.
- the manufacturing method may also include an additional step of flaring the ends of the tubes 2 as shown in Figure 4c.
- This flaring step of the ends of the tubes 2 is performed between the step of placing the elastomer and the polymerization step.
- This flaring of the ends of the tubes 3 can be made over the entire periphery of the end of the tubes 2 as illustrated in particular in Figure 3, or it may be local and only concern a portion of the periphery of the end of the tubes 2.
- the heat exchanger 1 according to the invention allows to have a good seal at the connection between the tubes 2 and the collector plates while avoiding the use of a compressible seal.
- This sealed bonding technique is of great interest in the sense that it can be used for all technologies for producing exchangers, whether mechanical or brazed, it proposes a standardized common solution.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1659273A FR3056730B1 (fr) | 2016-09-28 | 2016-09-28 | Echangeur de chaleur et procede de fabrication associe |
PCT/FR2017/052652 WO2018060639A1 (fr) | 2016-09-28 | 2017-09-28 | Échangeur de chaleur et procédé de fabrication associé |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3519757A1 true EP3519757A1 (fr) | 2019-08-07 |
Family
ID=57590642
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17787227.2A Withdrawn EP3519757A1 (fr) | 2016-09-28 | 2017-09-28 | Échangeur de chaleur et procédé de fabrication associé |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3519757A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3056730B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2018060639A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2036701B1 (fr) * | 1969-02-26 | 1973-05-25 | Chausson Usines Sa | |
DE6932247U (de) * | 1969-05-07 | 1970-02-12 | Contardo S P A Fa | Kuehler fuer motoren mit wasser- oder oelkuehlung, insbesondere fuer kraftfahrzeuge und dergl. |
DE2536423A1 (de) * | 1975-08-16 | 1977-02-24 | Volkswagenwerk Ag | Fluessigkeitsdichte verbindung eines rohrbodens von fluessigkeitsdurchstroemten leichtmetall-waermetauschern |
FR2303261A1 (fr) * | 1975-03-06 | 1976-10-01 | Volkswagenwerk Ag | Garniture de fond tubulaire d'echangeur de chaleur en metal leger balaye par un liquide et son procede de mise en oeuvre |
FR2794227B1 (fr) * | 1999-05-26 | 2001-08-31 | Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa | Echangeur de chaleur a tubes colles, en particulier pour vehicule automobile, et procede pour sa fabrication |
US6719037B2 (en) * | 2001-05-02 | 2004-04-13 | Transpro, Inc. | Resiliently bonded heat exchanger |
-
2016
- 2016-09-28 FR FR1659273A patent/FR3056730B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2017
- 2017-09-28 EP EP17787227.2A patent/EP3519757A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-09-28 WO PCT/FR2017/052652 patent/WO2018060639A1/fr unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2018060639A1 (fr) | 2018-04-05 |
FR3056730A1 (fr) | 2018-03-30 |
FR3056730B1 (fr) | 2019-08-16 |
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