EP3519698A1 - Variable-volume turbine and thermo mechanical energy conversion system incorporating same - Google Patents

Variable-volume turbine and thermo mechanical energy conversion system incorporating same

Info

Publication number
EP3519698A1
EP3519698A1 EP17771816.0A EP17771816A EP3519698A1 EP 3519698 A1 EP3519698 A1 EP 3519698A1 EP 17771816 A EP17771816 A EP 17771816A EP 3519698 A1 EP3519698 A1 EP 3519698A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turbine
volume
scroll
fixed
sole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17771816.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Benjamin Petit
Mouad Diny
Christian LACOMBE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PSA Automobiles SA
Original Assignee
PSA Automobiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PSA Automobiles SA filed Critical PSA Automobiles SA
Publication of EP3519698A1 publication Critical patent/EP3519698A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0215—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/18—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spiro-orbital turbine, called scroll turbine, variable volume.
  • the invention also relates to a thermomechanical energy conversion system equipped with such a scroll turbine operating in expander mode, in particular for recovering the thermal energy of the exhaust gases of a heat engine of a transport means of all kinds, such as land, rail, sea and air.
  • thermomechanical energy conversion system 1 for recovering the heat of the exhaust gas EG of a heat engine to convert it into mechanical energy ME by means of a scroll expander 2.
  • the EG exhaust gases are used as a heat source to transform a working fluid WA, such as water or a refrigerant, into an evaporator 3.
  • the working fluid WA put under pressure by means of a working fluid pump 4, passes through the evaporator 3 to be converted into high pressure HPV vapor by being heated by the exhaust gas EG.
  • the HPV pressurized steam is conducted in the scroll expander 2 and relaxes providing work. This work is recovered in the form of mechanical energy ME by the rotation of a shaft 20 mechanically coupled to a moving volute (not shown) of the expander 2.
  • the relaxed steam exiting the scroll expander 2 can be partially recirculated in the expander by a recirculation device 5 formed of a working fluid-vapor separator 50 and a pump 51. This recirculation is not essential to the operation of the system, but it can bring an improvement in performance by completing the relaxation of the steam which provides additional work.
  • the expanded vapor completes its condensation as a working fluid in a condenser 6 equipped with a cooling means 60.
  • An outlet of the condenser 6 supplies fluid pump 4 for the continuation of the energy conversion cycle.
  • the available mechanical energy ME can be used directly, or converted into electrical energy using a rotating electrical machine.
  • thermomechanical energy conversion system with scroll expander When such a thermomechanical energy conversion system with scroll expander is implanted in a motor vehicle, it is necessary that the useful volume of the scroll expander can be modified and adjusted to the life situation of the vehicle. Indeed, depending on the life situation of the vehicle, the thermal energy contained in the exhaust gas varies. The scroll expander must therefore be able to work on different optimum operating points in order to obtain a good energy recovery efficiency, and to avoid a known phenomenon of under expansion or over-expansion that could degrade the efficiency of the system.
  • the present invention aims to provide a variable volume scroll turbine of a new type, thus offering designers an alternative to the use of variable volume scroll turbines of the prior art.
  • the invention relates to a variable volume scroll type turbine comprising a fixed scroll and a moving scroll having spiral walls nested one inside the other, the moving scroll being able to perform a movement rotational orbital relative to a central axis of the fixed scroll, and a fluid chamber formed by a volume available between the spiral walls of fixed and mobile scrolls.
  • the turbine comprises a thermostatically actuated volume variator capable of modifying a useful volume of the fluid chamber by an axial displacement of a heating plate of reduction of chamber volume which is housed between the spiral walls of the chambers. fixed and mobile scrolls.
  • the variator comprises a layer of thermoplastic material between the soleplate and an inner face of a fixed casing carrying the fixed scroll of the turbine.
  • said layer of thermoplastic material is a layer of wax.
  • the sole comprises at least one heating element, in the form of an electrical resistance, intended to control a temperature change of the layer of thermoplastic material and a consecutive axial displacement of the sole.
  • the variator comprises at least one mechanical guide rod slidably mounted in a corresponding bore of the fixed casing of the turbine, having a first end mechanically fixed to the sole and a second remote end of the sole and opening out of the fixed housing, the at least one sliding guide rod and the corresponding bore being parallel to the central axis.
  • the at least one sliding rod mechanical guide to a hollow structure traversed at least by an electric wire for connecting the electrical resistance to a power supply unit of the drive .
  • the variator comprises at least two sliding rods for mechanical guidance.
  • the invention relates to a thermomechanical energy conversion system adapted to be installed in a transport means emitting hot exhaust gases, the system comprising a working fluid circuit operating according to the cycle.
  • the circuit comprising a first working fluid pump, an evaporator receiving pressurized working fluid supplied by the first working fluid pump and heated in the evaporator by the exhaust gas for transformation under the form of a high-pressure steam, a scroll-type turbine operating as an expander, receiving the high-pressure steam supplied by the evaporator and converting a steam work into a mechanical energy available on a rotary shaft of the turbine, and a condenser receiving a relaxed vapor supplied by the turbine and delivering the working fluid supplied as input to the first fluid pump. job.
  • the turbine is a scroll type turbine according to the invention as briefly described above.
  • the system comprises a steam recirculation device associated with the turbine and comprising a working fluid-vapor separator and a second pump.
  • the invention also relates to a means of transport, such as a motor vehicle, equipped with the thermomechanical energy conversion system described briefly above.
  • Fig.1 is a block diagram of principle showing the architecture of a thermomechanical energy conversion system for the recovery of the thermal energy of the exhaust gases of a means of transport;
  • - Fig.2A is a simplified sectional view of a variable volume scroll turbine according to the invention, in a state of full power capacity
  • - Fig.2B is a simplified sectional view of a variable volume scroll turbine according to the invention, in a state of reduced power capacity
  • Fig.2C is an enlarged partial view of a portion B of the sectional view of Fig.2A.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a heating plate reducing chamber volume included in the variable volume scroll turbine of Figs.2A and 2B.
  • FIG. 7 there is now described a particular embodiment of a scroll turbine 7 according to the invention.
  • the turbine 7 is here represented intentionally in a partial and simplified manner, essentially showing the functional components of the turbine in relation with the invention, so as to facilitate the understanding thereof.
  • the turbine 7 comprises a fixed volute 7F and a moving volute 7M, volute casings 70F and 70M, a nozzle inlet / outlet fluid 71 and a volume variator to thermostatic actuation 72.
  • the drive controller thermostatically actuated volume 72 will be detailed below in the description with particular reference to Figs.2C and 3.
  • the fixed scroll 7F and the movable scroll 7F are interleaved spirals one in the other which define a fluid chamber 7V formed by a volume available between the spiral walls of the fixed scroll 7F and mobile scroll 7M .
  • the fluid chamber 7V is a fluid expansion or compression chamber depending on whether the turbine 7 operates as an expander or as a compressor.
  • FIG.2A and 2B show the sections of the spiral walls of the scrolls 7F and 7M.
  • the spiral wall of the volute 7F rests on an inner face of the volute casing 70F with which it forms a single piece in this embodiment.
  • the volute casing 70F has orifices 700F for its mechanical attachment by screw to a support.
  • the spiral wall of the volute 7M rests on an inner face of the volute casing 70M.
  • the volute casing 70M is provided to allow rotary orbital motion of the movable scroll 7M about a central axis AA of the fixed scroll 7F, in its nested state with the fixed scroll 7F.
  • the peaks of the walls of the volutes 7F and 7M are provided with sealing elements 71 F and 71 M, respectively. These sealing elements 71 F and 71 M are in contact with the corresponding inner faces of the housings 70M and 70F, respectively, so as to form the chamber 7V hermetically, with only two fluid inlets / outlets, one for the high pressure fluid and the other for the low pressure fluid. Only one of these fluid inlets / outlets, namely the nozzle 71 is apparent in Figs.2A and 2B.
  • the turbine 7 integrated in such a system operates as an expander and the nozzle 71 then constitutes the inlet of the HPV high-pressure steam.
  • thermostatically controlled volume variator 72 is now described in detail.
  • the volume variator thermostatically actuated 72 essentially comprises a heating plate volume reduction chamber 720, two sliding rods mechanical guide 721a and 721b, a layer of thermoplastic material 722, and an electric power supply unit 723.
  • the sole 720 has a substantially circular shape and comprises a spiral cutout 720a, allowing an insertion therein of the wall of the fixed scroll 7F, and solid portions 720b. As shown in Figs.2A and 2B, the solid portions 720b are provided to fit in spaces of the chamber 7V between the walls of the fixed scroll 7F and mobile 7M,
  • the sole 720 is mechanically connected to the two rods 721a and 721b by first ends thereof, at 720b solid portions in circumferential areas of the sole 720.
  • the two rods 721a and 721b are parallel to the central axis AA and perpendicular to a plane of the sole 720.
  • the rods 721a and 721b are here arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis AA. As shown in Figs.2A and 2B, the rods 721a and 721b are slidably mounted in corresponding bores 701F and 702F of the fixed housing 70F, parallel to the axis AA.
  • the layer of thermoplastic material 722 is sandwiched between the sole 720 (the solid parts 720b sole 720) and the inner face of the housing 70F.
  • the thermoplastic material layer 722 and the solid portions 720b of the soleplate 720 occupy part of the volume of the chamber 7V.
  • the thermoplastic material 722 used is a wax.
  • other types of thermoplastic materials may be used in other embodiments of the turbine according to the invention.
  • Electrical resistors 724 constituting heating elements, are integrated in the sole 720 and supplied with electric current by the power supply unit 723, through electrical wires 725.
  • the electric wires 725 are brought from the unit 723 to the electrical resistors 724 through the two mechanical guide sliding rods 721a and 721b.
  • These rods 721a, 721b here have a hollow tubular structure that allows the passage of the son 725.
  • Electrical connecting elements 721 R (Figs.2A, 2B) are provided for the son 725 at second ends of the rods 721a, 721 b, distant from the first ends thereof mechanically linked to the sole 720.
  • the electrical resistors 724 may be distributed at different locations in the soleplate 720 and interconnected by insulated and embedded electrical wires, or overmolded, in the thickness of the sole 720. It will also be noted that these resistors 724 may be connected in different configurations, for example, in parallel, in series or in series / parallel.
  • the variation of the useful volume of the chamber 7V of the scroll turbine 7 is obtained by the axial displacement (distance d in Fig.2B) of the sole 720 along the axis AA.
  • This displacement of the sole 720 is obtained by expansion / contraction of the thermoplastic wax layer 722 as a function of the temperature thereof.
  • the temperature of the wax layer 722 is controlled by means of the electric resistors 724.
  • the temperature of the high-pressure HPV vapor introduced into the chamber 7V can also be used in some embodiments of the invention for this control of Expansion / contraction of the wax layer 722.
  • the power supply of the electric resistors 724 is adjusted to obtain the axial displacement d desired by the expansion / contraction of the wax.
  • the power supply unit 723 is interfaced with a communication link COM, for example of the LIN or CAN type, allowing control by an electronic control unit of the vehicle of the power supply of the electrical resistors 724 and therefore the useful volume of the chamber 7V.
  • a communication link COM for example of the LIN or CAN type
  • the sole 720 is brought back to the inner face of the housing 70F by HPV steam pressure, thus allowing an increase in the useful volume of the chamber 7V.
  • sliding guide rods are not necessarily two in number, here simply an example embodiment. In low power applications, a single larger diameter sliding rod disposed near the central zone (axis AA) could be sufficient for proper operation of the soleplate.
  • Fig.2A the sole 720 is shown in a retracted position, pressed against a shoulder 703F forming a stop (Fig.2C) of the inner face of the housing 70F.
  • Fig.2C a stop
  • the useful volume of the chamber 7V is at its maximum and the turbine 7 is then configured for a full power capacity.
  • Fig.2B the sole 720 has been moved axially by the distance d relative to the stop shoulder 703F of the fixed housing 70F and consecutively reduces the useful volume of the chamber 7V.
  • the turbine 7 is then configured for reduced power capacity.
  • By adjusting the distance d it is thus possible to adjust the volume of the scroll turbine 7 to obtain optimum operating points.
  • the scroll turbine 7 according to the invention, in expander mode, allows a good energy recovery efficiency in the thermomechanical energy conversion system of FIG.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

The turbine according to the invention comprises a fixed volute (7F) and a mobile volute (7M) having spiraloid walls imbricated in one another, the mobile volute being able to achieve an orbital rotary movement relative to a central axis (AA) of the fixed volute, and a fluid chamber (7V) formed by a volume available between the spiroidal walls of the fixed and mobile volutes. According to the invention, the turbine comprises a thermostatically actuated volume variator (72) able to modify a working volume of the fluid chamber by axially moving (d) a chamber-volume-reducing heated sole (720) which is housed between the spiroidal walls of the fixed and mobile volutes.

Description

TURBINE A VOLUME VARIABLE ET SYSTEME DE CONVERSION D'ENERGIE THERMOMECANIQUE L'INCORPORANT  VARIABLE VOLUME TURBINE AND THERMOMECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM INCORPORATING IT
[001 ] L'invention concerne une turbine spiro-orbitale, dite turbine scroll, à volume variable. L'invention concerne aussi un système de conversion d'énergie thermomécanique équipé d'une telle turbine scroll fonctionnant en mode expanseur, notamment pour la récupération de l'énergie thermique des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur thermique d'un moyen de transport de toute nature, tel que terrestre, ferroviaire, maritime et aérien. [001] The invention relates to a spiro-orbital turbine, called scroll turbine, variable volume. The invention also relates to a thermomechanical energy conversion system equipped with such a scroll turbine operating in expander mode, in particular for recovering the thermal energy of the exhaust gases of a heat engine of a transport means of all kinds, such as land, rail, sea and air.
[002] Dans un moyen de transport à moteur thermique, une grande partie de l'énergie du carburant est perdue sous forme de chaleur dissipée. Ainsi, dans un moteur thermique, l'énergie du carburant perdue sous forme de chaleur est de l'ordre de 53%. La chaleur perdue d'un moteur thermique peut partiellement être récupérée et convertie en énergie hydraulique, mécanique ou électrique grâce à l'utilisation du cycle thermodynamique de Rankine. [003] En référence à la Fig.1 , il est connu un système de conversion d'énergie thermomécanique 1 permettant de récupérer la chaleur des gaz d'échappement EG d'un moteur thermique pour la convertir en énergie mécanique ME au moyen d'un expanseur scroll 2. Les gaz d'échappement EG sont utilisés comme source de chaleur pour transformer en vapeur un fluide de travail WA, tel que l'eau ou un fluide frigorigène, dans un évaporateur 3. Le fluide de travail WA, mis sous pression au moyen d'une pompe de fluide de travail 4, traverse l'évaporateur 3 pour être converti en vapeur à haute pression HPV en étant chauffé par les gaz d'échappement EG. La vapeur sous pression HPV est conduite dans l'expanseur scroll 2 et se détend en fournissant un travail. Ce travail est récupéré sous forme d'énergie mécanique ME par la rotation d'un arbre 20 couplé mécaniquement à une volute mobile (non représentée) de l'expanseur 2. La vapeur détendue sortant de l'expanseur scroll 2 peut être recirculée partiellement dans l'expanseur par un dispositif de recirculation 5 formé d'un séparateur fluide de travail - vapeur 50 et d'une pompe 51 . Cette recirculation n'est pas indispensable au fonctionnement du système, mais elle peut apporter une amélioration du rendement en complétant la détente de la vapeur qui fournit ainsi un supplément de travail. La vapeur détendue achève sa condensation sous forme de fluide de travail dans un condenseur 6 équipé d'un moyen de refroidissement 60. Une sortie du condenseur 6 alimente en fluide de travail la pompe 4 pour la poursuite du cycle de conversion d'énergie. L'énergie mécanique ME disponible peut être utilisée directement, ou bien convertie en énergie électrique à l'aide d'une machine électrique tournante. In a thermal engine transport means, a large part of the energy of the fuel is lost in the form of dissipated heat. Thus, in a heat engine, the energy of the fuel lost in the form of heat is of the order of 53%. The lost heat of a heat engine can be partially recovered and converted into hydraulic, mechanical or electrical energy through the use of the Rankine thermodynamic cycle. [003] Referring to Fig.1, it is known a thermomechanical energy conversion system 1 for recovering the heat of the exhaust gas EG of a heat engine to convert it into mechanical energy ME by means of a scroll expander 2. The EG exhaust gases are used as a heat source to transform a working fluid WA, such as water or a refrigerant, into an evaporator 3. The working fluid WA, put under pressure by means of a working fluid pump 4, passes through the evaporator 3 to be converted into high pressure HPV vapor by being heated by the exhaust gas EG. The HPV pressurized steam is conducted in the scroll expander 2 and relaxes providing work. This work is recovered in the form of mechanical energy ME by the rotation of a shaft 20 mechanically coupled to a moving volute (not shown) of the expander 2. The relaxed steam exiting the scroll expander 2 can be partially recirculated in the expander by a recirculation device 5 formed of a working fluid-vapor separator 50 and a pump 51. This recirculation is not essential to the operation of the system, but it can bring an improvement in performance by completing the relaxation of the steam which provides additional work. The expanded vapor completes its condensation as a working fluid in a condenser 6 equipped with a cooling means 60. An outlet of the condenser 6 supplies fluid pump 4 for the continuation of the energy conversion cycle. The available mechanical energy ME can be used directly, or converted into electrical energy using a rotating electrical machine.
[004] Lorsqu'un tel système de conversion d'énergie thermomécanique à expanseur scroll est implanté dans un véhicule automobile, il est nécessaire que le volume utile de l'expanseur scroll puisse être modifié et ajusté à la situation de vie du véhicule. En effet, selon la situation de vie du véhicule, l'énergie thermique contenue dans les gaz d'échappement varie. L'expanseur scroll doit donc pouvoir travailler sur des points de fonctionnement optimaux différents afin d'obtenir un bon rendement de récupération d'énergie, et éviter un phénomène connu de sous-expansion ou sur-expansion susceptible de dégrader le rendement du système. [004] When such a thermomechanical energy conversion system with scroll expander is implanted in a motor vehicle, it is necessary that the useful volume of the scroll expander can be modified and adjusted to the life situation of the vehicle. Indeed, depending on the life situation of the vehicle, the thermal energy contained in the exhaust gas varies. The scroll expander must therefore be able to work on different optimum operating points in order to obtain a good energy recovery efficiency, and to avoid a known phenomenon of under expansion or over-expansion that could degrade the efficiency of the system.
[005] Par le document FR2991403 de la technique antérieure, il est connu une turbine scroll à volume variable. Dans cette turbine, il est prévu un mécanisme d'actionnement hydraulique qui commande un déplacement de la volute mobile par rapport à une volute fixe, et autorise ainsi un réglage du volume utile de la turbine. By the FR2991403 document of the prior art, it is known a scroll turbine variable volume. In this turbine, there is provided a hydraulic actuation mechanism which controls a displacement of the mobile scroll relative to a fixed scroll, and thus allows an adjustment of the useful volume of the turbine.
[006] La présente invention vise à apporter une turbine scroll à volume variable d'un type nouveau, offrant ainsi aux concepteurs une alternative à l'utilisation des turbines scroll à volume variable de la technique antérieure. [006] The present invention aims to provide a variable volume scroll turbine of a new type, thus offering designers an alternative to the use of variable volume scroll turbines of the prior art.
[007] Selon un premier aspect, l'invention concerne une turbine de type scroll à volume variable comprenant une volute fixe et une volute mobile ayant des parois spiroïdales imbriquées l'une dans l'autre, la volute mobile étant apte à accomplir un mouvement rotatif orbital relativement à un axe central de la volute fixe, et une chambre de fluide formée par un volume disponible entre les parois spiroïdales des volutes fixe et mobile.[007] According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a variable volume scroll type turbine comprising a fixed scroll and a moving scroll having spiral walls nested one inside the other, the moving scroll being able to perform a movement rotational orbital relative to a central axis of the fixed scroll, and a fluid chamber formed by a volume available between the spiral walls of fixed and mobile scrolls.
Conformément à l'invention, la turbine comprend un variateur de volume à actionnement thermostatique apte à modifier un volume utile de la chambre de fluide par un déplacement axial d'une semelle chauffante de réduction de volume de chambre qui est logée entre les parois spiroïdales des volutes fixe et mobile. According to the invention, the turbine comprises a thermostatically actuated volume variator capable of modifying a useful volume of the fluid chamber by an axial displacement of a heating plate of reduction of chamber volume which is housed between the spiral walls of the chambers. fixed and mobile scrolls.
[008] Selon une caractéristique particulière de l'invention, le variateur comporte une couche de matériau thermoplastique entre la semelle et une face intérieure d'un carter fixe portant la volute fixe de la turbine. [009] Selon une forme de réalisation particulière, ladite couche de matériau thermoplastique est une couche de cire. According to a particular characteristic of the invention, the variator comprises a layer of thermoplastic material between the soleplate and an inner face of a fixed casing carrying the fixed scroll of the turbine. According to a particular embodiment, said layer of thermoplastic material is a layer of wax.
[0010] Selon une autre caractéristique particulière de l'invention, la semelle comporte au moins un élément chauffant, sous la forme d'une résistance électrique, destiné à commander une modification de température de la couche de matériau thermoplastique et un déplacement axial consécutif de la semelle. According to another particular characteristic of the invention, the sole comprises at least one heating element, in the form of an electrical resistance, intended to control a temperature change of the layer of thermoplastic material and a consecutive axial displacement of the sole.
[001 1 ] Selon encore une autre caractéristique particulière de l'invention, le variateur comporte au moins une tige de guidage mécanique montée coulissante dans un alésage correspondant du carter fixe de la turbine, ayant une première extrémité fixée mécaniquement à la semelle et une deuxième extrémité distante de la semelle et débouchant à l'extérieur du carter fixe, la au moins une tige coulissante de guidage mécanique et l'alésage correspondant étant parallèles à l'axe central. [001 1] According to yet another particular characteristic of the invention, the variator comprises at least one mechanical guide rod slidably mounted in a corresponding bore of the fixed casing of the turbine, having a first end mechanically fixed to the sole and a second remote end of the sole and opening out of the fixed housing, the at least one sliding guide rod and the corresponding bore being parallel to the central axis.
[0012] Selon encore une autre caractéristique particulière de l'invention la au moins une tige coulissante de guidage mécanique à une structure creuse traversée au moins par un fil électrique destiné à raccorder la résistance électrique à une unité d'alimentation en courant électrique du variateur. According to yet another particular feature of the invention the at least one sliding rod mechanical guide to a hollow structure traversed at least by an electric wire for connecting the electrical resistance to a power supply unit of the drive .
[0013] Selon une forme de réalisation particulière, le variateur comporte au moins deux tiges coulissantes de guidage mécanique. According to a particular embodiment, the variator comprises at least two sliding rods for mechanical guidance.
[0014] Selon un autre aspect, l'invention concerne un système de conversion d'énergie thermomécanique apte à être installé dans un moyen de transport émettant des gaz d'échappement chauds, le système comprenant un circuit de fluide de travail opérant selon le cycle thermodynamique de Rankine, le circuit comprenant une première pompe de fluide de travail, un évaporateur recevant du fluide de travail sous pression fourni par la première pompe de fluide de travail et chauffé dans l'évaporateur par les gaz d'échappement pour une transformation sous la forme d'une vapeur à haute pression, une turbine de type scroll, fonctionnant en expanseur, recevant la vapeur à haute pression fournie par l'évaporateur et convertissant un travail de la vapeur en une énergie mécanique disponible sur un arbre rotatif de la turbine, et un condenseur recevant une vapeur détendue fournie par la turbine et délivrant le fluide de travail fourni en entrée à la première pompe de fluide de travail. Conformément à l'invention, la turbine est une turbine de type scroll selon l'invention telle que décrite brièvement ci-dessus. [0015] Selon une autre caractéristique particulière, le système comprend un dispositif de recirculation de vapeur associé à la turbine et comprenant un séparateur fluide de travail - vapeur et une deuxième pompe. According to another aspect, the invention relates to a thermomechanical energy conversion system adapted to be installed in a transport means emitting hot exhaust gases, the system comprising a working fluid circuit operating according to the cycle. Rankine thermodynamics, the circuit comprising a first working fluid pump, an evaporator receiving pressurized working fluid supplied by the first working fluid pump and heated in the evaporator by the exhaust gas for transformation under the form of a high-pressure steam, a scroll-type turbine operating as an expander, receiving the high-pressure steam supplied by the evaporator and converting a steam work into a mechanical energy available on a rotary shaft of the turbine, and a condenser receiving a relaxed vapor supplied by the turbine and delivering the working fluid supplied as input to the first fluid pump. job. According to the invention, the turbine is a scroll type turbine according to the invention as briefly described above. According to another particular feature, the system comprises a steam recirculation device associated with the turbine and comprising a working fluid-vapor separator and a second pump.
[0016] L'invention concerne aussi un moyen de transport, tel que véhicule automobile, équipé du système de conversion d'énergie thermomécanique décrit brièvement ci- dessus. The invention also relates to a means of transport, such as a motor vehicle, equipped with the thermomechanical energy conversion system described briefly above.
[0017] D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de la présente invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description ci-dessous de plusieurs formes de réalisation particulières de la turbine scroll selon l'invention, dans laquelle : - la Fig.1 est un bloc-diagramme de principe montrant l'architecture d'un système de conversion d'énergie thermomécanique pour la récupération de l'énergie thermique des gaz d'échappement d'un moyen de transport ; Other advantages and features of the present invention will appear more clearly on reading the description below of several particular embodiments of the scroll turbine according to the invention, in which: - Fig.1 is a block diagram of principle showing the architecture of a thermomechanical energy conversion system for the recovery of the thermal energy of the exhaust gases of a means of transport;
- la Fig.2A est une vue en coupe simplifiée d'une turbine scroll à volume variable selon l'invention, dans un état de pleine capacité de puissance ; - la Fig.2B est une vue en coupe simplifiée d'une turbine scroll à volume variable selon l'invention, dans un état de capacité réduite de puissance ; - Fig.2A is a simplified sectional view of a variable volume scroll turbine according to the invention, in a state of full power capacity; - Fig.2B is a simplified sectional view of a variable volume scroll turbine according to the invention, in a state of reduced power capacity;
- la Fig.2C est une vue partielle agrandie d'une partie B de la vue en coupe de la Fig.2A ; et Fig.2C is an enlarged partial view of a portion B of the sectional view of Fig.2A; and
- la Fig.3 est une vue en perspective montrant une semelle chauffante de réduction de volume de chambre incluse dans la turbine scroll à volume variable des Figs.2A et 2B. - Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a heating plate reducing chamber volume included in the variable volume scroll turbine of Figs.2A and 2B.
[0018] En référence aux Figs.2A à 2C et 3, il est maintenant décrit une forme de réalisation particulière d'une turbine scroll 7 selon l'invention. On notera que la turbine 7 est représentée ici volontairement de manière partielle et simplifiée, en faisant essentiellement apparaître les composants fonctionnels de la turbine en relation avec l'invention, de façon à faciliter la compréhension de celle-ci. Referring to Figs.2A to 2C and 3, there is now described a particular embodiment of a scroll turbine 7 according to the invention. It will be noted that the turbine 7 is here represented intentionally in a partial and simplified manner, essentially showing the functional components of the turbine in relation with the invention, so as to facilitate the understanding thereof.
[0019] Comme montré aux Figs.2A et 2B, la turbine 7 comprend une volute fixe 7F et une volute mobile 7M, des carters de volute 70F et 70M, une tuyère d'entrée/sortie de fluide 71 et un variateur de volume à actionnement thermostatique 72. Le variateur de volume à actionnement thermostatique 72 sera détaillé plus bas dans la description en référence plus particulièrement aux Figs.2C et 3. As shown in Figs.2A and 2B, the turbine 7 comprises a fixed volute 7F and a moving volute 7M, volute casings 70F and 70M, a nozzle inlet / outlet fluid 71 and a volume variator to thermostatic actuation 72. The drive controller thermostatically actuated volume 72 will be detailed below in the description with particular reference to Figs.2C and 3.
[0020] De manière classique, la volute fixe 7F et la volute mobile 7F sont des spirales imbriquées l'une dans l'autre qui définissent une chambre de fluide 7V formée par un volume disponible entre les parois spiroïdales des volutes fixe 7F et mobile 7M. La chambre de fluide 7V est une chambre d'expansion ou de compression volumétrique de fluide selon que la turbine 7 fonctionne en expanseur ou en compresseur. Conventionally, the fixed scroll 7F and the movable scroll 7F are interleaved spirals one in the other which define a fluid chamber 7V formed by a volume available between the spiral walls of the fixed scroll 7F and mobile scroll 7M . The fluid chamber 7V is a fluid expansion or compression chamber depending on whether the turbine 7 operates as an expander or as a compressor.
[0021 ] Les vues en coupe des Figs.2A et 2B laissent apparaître les sections des parois spiroïdales des volutes 7F et 7M. [0022] La paroi spiroïdale de la volute 7F repose sur une face intérieure du carter de volute 70F avec qui elle forme une pièce monobloc dans cette forme de réalisation. Le carter de volute 70F comporte des orifices 700F pour sa fixation mécanique par vis à un support. The sectional views of Figs.2A and 2B show the sections of the spiral walls of the scrolls 7F and 7M. The spiral wall of the volute 7F rests on an inner face of the volute casing 70F with which it forms a single piece in this embodiment. The volute casing 70F has orifices 700F for its mechanical attachment by screw to a support.
[0023] La paroi spiroïdale de la volute 7M repose sur une face intérieure du carter de volute 70M. Le carter de volute 70M est prévu pour autoriser un mouvement rotatif orbital de la volute mobile 7M autour d'un axe central AA de la volute fixe 7F, dans son état imbriqué avec la volute fixe 7F. The spiral wall of the volute 7M rests on an inner face of the volute casing 70M. The volute casing 70M is provided to allow rotary orbital motion of the movable scroll 7M about a central axis AA of the fixed scroll 7F, in its nested state with the fixed scroll 7F.
[0024] Les sommets des parois des volutes 7F et 7M sont munis éléments d'étanchéité 71 F et 71 M, respectivement. Ces éléments d'étanchéité 71 F et 71 M sont en contact avec les faces intérieures correspondantes des carters 70M et 70F, respectivement, de manière à former la chambre 7V de manière hermétique, avec seulement deux entrées/sorties de fluide, l'une pour le fluide à haute pression et l'autre pour le fluide à basse pression. Une seule de ces entrées/sorties de fluide, à savoir la tuyère 71 est apparente aux Figs.2A et 2B. Dans un système de conversion d'énergie 1 comme montré à la Fig.1 , la turbine 7 intégrée dans un tel système fonctionne en expanseur et la tuyère 71 constitue alors l'entrée de la vapeur à haute pression HPV. The peaks of the walls of the volutes 7F and 7M are provided with sealing elements 71 F and 71 M, respectively. These sealing elements 71 F and 71 M are in contact with the corresponding inner faces of the housings 70M and 70F, respectively, so as to form the chamber 7V hermetically, with only two fluid inlets / outlets, one for the high pressure fluid and the other for the low pressure fluid. Only one of these fluid inlets / outlets, namely the nozzle 71 is apparent in Figs.2A and 2B. In an energy conversion system 1 as shown in FIG. 1, the turbine 7 integrated in such a system operates as an expander and the nozzle 71 then constitutes the inlet of the HPV high-pressure steam.
[0025] En référence plus particulièrement aux Figs.2C et 3, il est maintenant décrit en détail le variateur de volume à actionnement thermostatique 72. Referring more particularly to FIGS. 2C and 3, the thermostatically controlled volume variator 72 is now described in detail.
[0026] Dans cette forme de réalisation particulière, le variateur de volume à actionnement thermostatique 72 comporte essentiellement une semelle chauffante de réduction de volume de chambre 720, deux tiges coulissantes de guidage mécanique 721 a et 721 b, une couche de matériau thermoplastique 722, et une unité d'alimentation en courant électrique 723. In this particular embodiment, the volume variator thermostatically actuated 72 essentially comprises a heating plate volume reduction chamber 720, two sliding rods mechanical guide 721a and 721b, a layer of thermoplastic material 722, and an electric power supply unit 723.
[0027] Comme montré à la Fig.3, la semelle 720 a sensiblement une forme circulaire et comporte une découpe spiroïdale 720a, permettant une insertion dans celle-ci de la paroi de la volute fixe 7F, et des parties pleines 720b. Comme cela apparaît aux Figs.2A et 2B, les parties pleines 720b sont prévues pour s'ajuster dans des espaces de la chambre 7V entre les parois des volutes fixe 7F et mobile 7M, As shown in Fig.3, the sole 720 has a substantially circular shape and comprises a spiral cutout 720a, allowing an insertion therein of the wall of the fixed scroll 7F, and solid portions 720b. As shown in Figs.2A and 2B, the solid portions 720b are provided to fit in spaces of the chamber 7V between the walls of the fixed scroll 7F and mobile 7M,
[0028] La semelle 720 est liée mécaniquement aux deux tiges 721 a et 721 b par des premières extrémités de celles-ci, au niveau de parties pleines 720b dans des zones circonférentielles de la semelle 720. Les deux tiges 721 a et 721 b sont parallèles à l'axe central AA et perpendiculaires à un plan de la semelle 720. Les tiges 721 a et 721 b sont ici disposées symétriquement par rapport à l'axe central AA. Comme cela apparaît aux Figs.2A et 2B, les tiges 721 a et 721 b sont montées coulissantes dans des alésages correspondants 701 F et 702F du carter fixe 70F, parallèles à l'axe AA. [0029] Comme cela apparaît dans l'agrandissement B de la Fig.2C, la couche de matériau thermoplastique 722 est contenue en sandwich entre la semelle 720 (les parties pleines 720b de semelle 720) et la face intérieure du carter 70F. La couche de matériau thermoplastique 722 et les parties pleines 720b de la semelle 720 occupent une partie du volume de la chambre 7V. Dans la forme de réalisation décrite ici, le matériau thermoplastique 722 utilisé est une cire. Bien entendu, d'autres types de matériaux thermoplastiques pourront être utilisés dans d'autres formes de réalisation de la turbine selon l'invention. The sole 720 is mechanically connected to the two rods 721a and 721b by first ends thereof, at 720b solid portions in circumferential areas of the sole 720. The two rods 721a and 721b are parallel to the central axis AA and perpendicular to a plane of the sole 720. The rods 721a and 721b are here arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis AA. As shown in Figs.2A and 2B, the rods 721a and 721b are slidably mounted in corresponding bores 701F and 702F of the fixed housing 70F, parallel to the axis AA. As shown in the enlargement B of Fig.2C, the layer of thermoplastic material 722 is sandwiched between the sole 720 (the solid parts 720b sole 720) and the inner face of the housing 70F. The thermoplastic material layer 722 and the solid portions 720b of the soleplate 720 occupy part of the volume of the chamber 7V. In the embodiment described herein, the thermoplastic material 722 used is a wax. Of course, other types of thermoplastic materials may be used in other embodiments of the turbine according to the invention.
[0030] Des résistances électriques 724, constituant des éléments chauffants, sont intégrées dans la semelle 720 et alimentées en courant électrique par l'unité d'alimentation en courant 723, à travers des fils électriques 725. Les fils électriques 725 sont amenés depuis l'unité 723 jusqu'aux résistances électriques 724 à travers les deux tiges coulissantes de guidage mécanique 721 a et 721 b. Ces tiges 721 a, 721 b ont ici une structure tubulaire creuse qui autorise le passage des fils 725. Des éléments de raccordement électrique 721 R (Figs.2A, 2B) sont prévus pour les fils 725 à des deuxièmes extrémités des tiges 721 a, 721 b, distantes des premières extrémités de celles-ci liées mécaniquement à la semelle 720. [0031 ] En référence à la Fig.3, selon la forme de réalisation de la turbine selon l'invention, les résistances électriques 724 pourront être réparties en différents emplacements dans la semelle 720 et reliées entre elles par des fils électriques isolés et noyés, ou surmoulés, dans l'épaisseur de la semelle 720. On notera aussi que ces résistances 724 pourront être connectées suivant différentes configurations, par exemple, en parallèle, en série ou en série/parallèle. Electrical resistors 724, constituting heating elements, are integrated in the sole 720 and supplied with electric current by the power supply unit 723, through electrical wires 725. The electric wires 725 are brought from the unit 723 to the electrical resistors 724 through the two mechanical guide sliding rods 721a and 721b. These rods 721a, 721b here have a hollow tubular structure that allows the passage of the son 725. Electrical connecting elements 721 R (Figs.2A, 2B) are provided for the son 725 at second ends of the rods 721a, 721 b, distant from the first ends thereof mechanically linked to the sole 720. With reference to FIG. 3, according to the embodiment of the turbine according to the invention, the electrical resistors 724 may be distributed at different locations in the soleplate 720 and interconnected by insulated and embedded electrical wires, or overmolded, in the thickness of the sole 720. It will also be noted that these resistors 724 may be connected in different configurations, for example, in parallel, in series or in series / parallel.
[0032] Conformément à l'invention, la variation du volume utile de la chambre 7V de la turbine scroll 7 est obtenue par le déplacement axial (distance d à la Fig.2B) de la semelle 720, selon l'axe AA. Ce déplacement de la semelle 720 est obtenu par dilatation/contraction de la couche de cire thermoplastique 722 en fonction de la température de celle-ci. La température de la couche de cire 722 est commandée à l'aide des résistances électriques 724. La température de la vapeur à haute pression HPV introduite dans la chambre 7V peut également être utilisée dans certaines forme de réalisation de l'invention pour cette commande de dilatation/contraction de la couche de cire 722. L'alimentation en courant des résistances électriques 724 est réglée de manière à obtenir le déplacement axial d voulu par la dilatation/contraction de la cire. Comme montré aux Figs.2A et 2B, l'unité d'alimentation en courant électrique 723 est interfacée avec une liaison de communication COM, par exemple de type LIN ou CAN, autorisant une commande par une unité de commande électronique du véhicule de l'alimentation en courant des résistances électriques 724 et donc du volume utile de la chambre 7V. According to the invention, the variation of the useful volume of the chamber 7V of the scroll turbine 7 is obtained by the axial displacement (distance d in Fig.2B) of the sole 720 along the axis AA. This displacement of the sole 720 is obtained by expansion / contraction of the thermoplastic wax layer 722 as a function of the temperature thereof. The temperature of the wax layer 722 is controlled by means of the electric resistors 724. The temperature of the high-pressure HPV vapor introduced into the chamber 7V can also be used in some embodiments of the invention for this control of Expansion / contraction of the wax layer 722. The power supply of the electric resistors 724 is adjusted to obtain the axial displacement d desired by the expansion / contraction of the wax. As shown in Figs.2A and 2B, the power supply unit 723 is interfaced with a communication link COM, for example of the LIN or CAN type, allowing control by an electronic control unit of the vehicle of the power supply of the electrical resistors 724 and therefore the useful volume of the chamber 7V.
[0033] Lorsque la température baisse et que la cire se contracte, la semelle 720 est ramenée vers la face intérieure du carter 70F par la pression de la vapeur HPV, autorisant ainsi un accroissement du volume utile de la chambre 7V. When the temperature drops and the wax contracts, the sole 720 is brought back to the inner face of the housing 70F by HPV steam pressure, thus allowing an increase in the useful volume of the chamber 7V.
[0034] On notera que les tiges coulissantes de guidage mécanique ne sont pas nécessairement au nombre de deux, s'agissant ici simplement d'un exemple de forme de réalisation. Dans des applications de faible puissance, une seule tige coulissante, de plus grand diamètre, disposée à proximité de la zone centrale (axe AA) pourrait s'avérer suffisante pour un fonctionnement correct de la semelle. Note that the sliding guide rods are not necessarily two in number, here simply an example embodiment. In low power applications, a single larger diameter sliding rod disposed near the central zone (axis AA) could be sufficient for proper operation of the soleplate.
[0035] A la Fig.2A, la semelle 720 est montrée dans une position de retrait, plaquée contre un épaulement formant butée 703F (Fig.2C) de la face intérieure du carter 70F. Dans cette position, le volume utile de la chambre 7V est à son maximum et la turbine 7 est alors configurée pour une pleine capacité de puissance. [0036] A la Fig.2B, la semelle 720 a été déplacée axialement de la distance d par rapport à l'épaulement formant butée 703F du carter fixe 70F et réduit consécutivement le volume utile de la chambre 7V. La turbine 7 est alors configurée pour une capacité réduite de puissance. En ajustant la distance d, il est ainsi possible de régler le volume de la turbine scroll 7 pour obtenir des points de fonctionnement optimaux. La turbine scroll 7 selon l'invention, en mode expanseur, autorise un bon rendement de récupération d'énergie dans le système de conversion d'énergie thermomécanique de la Fig.1 . In Fig.2A, the sole 720 is shown in a retracted position, pressed against a shoulder 703F forming a stop (Fig.2C) of the inner face of the housing 70F. In this position, the useful volume of the chamber 7V is at its maximum and the turbine 7 is then configured for a full power capacity. In Fig.2B, the sole 720 has been moved axially by the distance d relative to the stop shoulder 703F of the fixed housing 70F and consecutively reduces the useful volume of the chamber 7V. The turbine 7 is then configured for reduced power capacity. By adjusting the distance d, it is thus possible to adjust the volume of the scroll turbine 7 to obtain optimum operating points. The scroll turbine 7 according to the invention, in expander mode, allows a good energy recovery efficiency in the thermomechanical energy conversion system of FIG.
[0037] Bien entendu, l'invention ne se limite aux formes de réalisation particulières de la turbine scroll selon l'invention décrites ici à titre d'exemple. L'homme du métier, selon les applications de l'invention, pourra y apporter différentes modifications et variantes qui entrent dans la portée des revendications ci-annexées. Of course, the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments of the scroll turbine according to the invention described here by way of example. Those skilled in the art, according to the applications of the invention, may make various modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Turbine à volume variable comprenant une volute fixe (7F) et une volute mobile (7M) ayant des parois spiroïdales imbriquées l'une dans l'autre, la volute mobile (7M) étant apte à accomplir un mouvement rotatif orbital relativement à un axe central (AA) de ladite volute fixe (7F), et une chambre de fluide (7V) formée par un volume disponible entre lesdites parois spiroïdales desdites volutes fixe (7F) et mobile (7M), caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un variateur de volume à actionnement thermostatique (72) apte à modifier un volume utile de ladite chambre de fluide (7V) par un déplacement axial (d) d'une semelle chauffante de réduction de volume de chambre (720) qui est logée entre lesdites parois spiroïdales desdites volutes fixe (7F) et mobile (7M). 1. Variable volume turbine comprising a fixed scroll (7F) and a moving scroll (7M) having spiral walls interleaved one inside the other, the moving scroll (7M) being able to perform rotary orbital movement relative to a central axis (AA) of said fixed scroll (7F), and a fluid chamber (7V) formed by a volume available between said spiral walls of said fixed scroll (7F) and mobile scroll (7M), characterized in that it comprises a thermostatically actuated volume variator (72) adapted to change a useful volume of said fluid chamber (7V) by an axial displacement (d) of a chamber volume reduction heating sole (720) which is housed between said walls spiroidal said fixed scroll (7F) and mobile (7M).
2. Turbine selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que ledit variateur (72) comporte une couche de matériau thermoplastique (722) entre ladite semelle (720) et une face intérieure d'un carter fixe (70F) portant ladite volute fixe (7F) de ladite turbine. 2. Turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that said variator (72) comprises a layer of thermoplastic material (722) between said sole (720) and an inner face of a fixed casing (70F) carrying said fixed volute (7F). ) of said turbine.
3. Turbine selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que ladite couche de matériau thermoplastique est une couche de cire (722). 3. Turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that said layer of thermoplastic material is a wax layer (722).
4. Turbine selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que ladite semelle (720) comporte au moins un élément chauffant, sous la forme d'une résistance électrique (724), destiné à commander une modification de température de ladite couche de matériau thermoplastique (722) et un déplacement axial (d) consécutif de ladite semelle (720). 4. Turbine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that said sole (720) comprises at least one heating element in the form of an electrical resistance (724) for controlling a temperature change of said layer of material thermoplastic (722) and an axial displacement (d) consecutive said sole (720).
5. Turbine selon la revendication 2 à 4, caractérisée en ce que ledit variateur (72 comporte au moins une tige coulissante de guidage mécanique (721 a, 721 b) montée coulissante dans un alésage correspondant (701 F, 702F) dudit carter fixe (70F) de la turbine, ayant une première extrémité fixée mécaniquement à ladite semelle (720) et une deuxième extrémité distante de ladite semelle (720) et débouchant à l'extérieur dudit carter fixe (70F), ladite au moins une tige de guidage mécanique (721 a, 721 b) et ledit alésage correspondant (701 F, 702F) étant parallèles audit axe central (AA). 5. Turbine according to claim 2 to 4, characterized in that said variator (72 comprises at least one sliding guide rod (721a, 721b) slidably mounted in a corresponding bore (701F, 702F) of said fixed housing ( 70F) of the turbine, having a first end mechanically fixed to said sole (720) and a second end remote from said sole (720) and opening out of said fixed housing (70F), said at least one mechanical guide rod (721a, 721b) and said corresponding bore (701F, 702F) being parallel to said central axis (AA).
6. Turbine selon la revendication 4 et 5, caractérisée en ce que ladite au moins une tige coulissante de guidage mécanique (721 a, 721 b) à une structure creuse traversée au moins par un fil électrique (725) destiné à raccorder ladite résistance électrique à une unité d'alimentation en courant électrique (723) dudit variateur (72). 6. Turbine according to claim 4 and 5, characterized in that said at least one sliding guide rod (721a, 721b) has a hollow structure traversed at least by an electric wire (725) for connecting said electrical resistance an electric power supply unit (723) of said variator (72).
7. Turbine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisée en ce que ledit variateur comporte au moins deux dites tiges coulissantes de guidage mécanique (721 a, 721 b). 7. Turbine according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that said variator comprises at least two said sliding guide rods (721a, 721b).
8. Système de conversion d'énergie thermomécanique apte à être installé dans un moyen de transport émettant des gaz d'échappement chauds, ledit système comprenant un circuit de fluide de travail opérant selon le cycle thermodynamique de Rankine, ledit circuit comprenant une première pompe de fluide de travail (4), un évaporateur (3) recevant du fluide de travail sous pression (WA) fourni par ladite première pompe (4) et chauffé dans ledit évaporateur (3) par lesdits gaz d'échappement (EG) pour une transformation sous la forme d'une vapeur à haute pression (HPV), une turbine fonctionnant en expanseur, recevant ladite vapeur à haute pression (HPV) fournie par ledit évaporateur (3) et convertissant un travail de ladite vapeur (HPV) en une énergie mécanique (ME) disponible sur un arbre rotatif (20) de ladite turbine, et un condenseur (20) recevant une vapeur détendue fournie par ladite turbine et délivrant ledit fluide de travail (WA) fourni en entrée à ladite première pompe de fluide de travail (4), caractérisé en ce que ladite turbine est une turbine (7) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7. 8. A thermomechanical energy conversion system adapted to be installed in a means of transport emitting hot exhaust gases, said system comprising a working fluid circuit operating according to the Rankine thermodynamic cycle, said circuit comprising a first fuel pump. working fluid (4), an evaporator (3) receiving pressurized working fluid (WA) supplied by said first pump (4) and heated in said evaporator (3) by said exhaust gas (EG) for transformation in the form of a high pressure steam (HPV), a turbine operating as an expander, receiving said high pressure steam (HPV) supplied by said evaporator (3) and converting a work of said vapor (HPV) into a mechanical energy (ME) available on a rotary shaft (20) of said turbine, and a condenser (20) receiving a relaxed vapor supplied by said turbine and delivering said working fluid (WA) input to said first working fluid pump (4), characterized in that said turbine is a turbine (7) according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Système selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qui comprend un dispositif de recirculation de vapeur (5) associé à ladite turbine et comprenant un séparateur fluide de travail - vapeur (50) et une deuxième pompe (51 ). 9. System according to claim 8, characterized in that comprises a steam recirculation device (5) associated with said turbine and comprising a working fluid-steam separator (50) and a second pump (51).
10. Moyen de transport tel que véhicule automobile caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un système de conversion d'énergie thermomécanique selon l'une des revendications 8 ou 9. 10. Means of transport such as a motor vehicle characterized in that it comprises a thermomechanical energy conversion system according to one of claims 8 or 9.
EP17771816.0A 2016-10-03 2017-09-07 Variable-volume turbine and thermo mechanical energy conversion system incorporating same Withdrawn EP3519698A1 (en)

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