EP3516676A1 - Electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Electromagnetic relay

Info

Publication number
EP3516676A1
EP3516676A1 EP17768417.2A EP17768417A EP3516676A1 EP 3516676 A1 EP3516676 A1 EP 3516676A1 EP 17768417 A EP17768417 A EP 17768417A EP 3516676 A1 EP3516676 A1 EP 3516676A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
armature
coil
relay
actuators
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17768417.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3516676B1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Elsinger
Markus Bichler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Industrial Devices Europe GmbH
Original Assignee
Panasonic Industrial Devices Europe GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Panasonic Industrial Devices Europe GmbH filed Critical Panasonic Industrial Devices Europe GmbH
Publication of EP3516676A1 publication Critical patent/EP3516676A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3516676B1 publication Critical patent/EP3516676B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/04Mounting complete relay or separate parts of relay on a base or inside a case
    • H01H50/041Details concerning assembly of relays
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2272Polarised relays comprising rockable armature, rocking movement around central axis parallel to the main plane of the armature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H01H50/20Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature movable inside coil and substantially lengthwise with respect to axis thereof; movable coaxially with respect to coil
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/36Stationary parts of magnetic circuit, e.g. yoke
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/44Magnetic coils or windings
    • H01H50/443Connections to coils
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/64Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact
    • H01H50/643Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact intermediate part performing a rotating or pivoting movement
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H2050/028Means to improve the overall withstanding voltage, e.g. creepage distances
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/56Contact spring sets
    • H01H50/58Driving arrangements structurally associated therewith; Mounting of driving arrangements on armature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic relay, in particular a safety relay, comprising a base body, a coil arranged on the base body with a coil and a yoke, which extends along a winding axis of the coil therethrough, and with an armature which is pivotally mounted on an armature bearing axis is and which pole pieces for magnetic coupling with the yoke of the coil system, and having a contact system with at least two contact springs, wherein the armature are arranged actuators, which are associated with the contact springs to actuate the contact springs upon movement of the armature, d. H. to open or close the corresponding contacts of the contact springs by the movement of the contact springs.
  • Such relays are known in practice in various designs.
  • NC normally closed contact
  • NO normally open associated Contact
  • Positive guidance or a suitable arrangement of the actuators on the armature ensures that normally closed and normally closed contacts can not be closed at the same time. In particular, the arrangement is such that the opening of the opener always precedes the closing of the shutter and this happens not at the same time or even vice versa.
  • the contact springs of the contact system must therefore have a relatively large stroke, resulting in corresponding path lengths of the actuator. This in turn requires a sufficiently large construction of the entire relay.
  • the electromagnetic relay has a main body and a coil system arranged on the main body with at least one coil and a yoke which extends along a winding axis, i. H. the longitudinal axis, the coil extending through it.
  • a coil system or so a coil assembly can be constructed by first the yoke is encapsulated with the formation of a spool core with plastic in an injection molding process and then formed coil core or bobbin is then wrapped with the coil wire to form the coil.
  • the electromagnetic relay has an armature which is arranged pivotably mounted next to the coil, so outside the coil to an armature bearing axis and which has the pole pieces for magnetic coupling with the yoke of the coil system.
  • the yoke of the coil system is static and is poled by applying a voltage to the coil winding accordingly magnetically so that the resting at rest pole shoes of the armature repelled due to their coupling with one or more permanent magnets and then in the opposite position (the working position), which leads to the movement of the armature about the armature bearing axis.
  • the electromagnetic relay comprises a contact system with at least the two contact springs mentioned above.
  • the arrangement of these contact springs is such that a spring movement plane, in which the flexible contact springs or the movable resilient part of the contact springs each extend along a main extension direction, extends transversely, preferably substantially at right angles, to the winding axis of the coil.
  • the "spring action planeā€ can be defined here such that the movable part of the contact spring moves from the open position into the closed position. move the contact in this plane or covers an area in this level.
  • the spring movement plane can pass through define this fixed connection point, the point at which the contact is closed, and the point at which the contact head of the spring is in the open state.
  • the term "main extension direction" here is to be understood as the direction in which a movable part or flexible arm of the contact spring extends substantially.
  • the contact system can therefore at least two contacts, namely z. B. an opener and a closer, each comprising at least one of these contact springs and an associated mating contact.
  • the mating contact is preferably a stationary, d. H. a substantially fixed, contact body against which the flexible contact spring is pressed to close the contact and is lifted from this. In this case, the contact spring is then moved in the spring movement plane or flexibly bent away from the mating contact or bent against the mating contact, depending on which construction is exactly present.
  • the spring movement plane or the main extension direction of the flexible contact springs and the winding axis so (in a view from above the relay) the projections of the main extension direction or a longitudinal axis of the contact springs and the projections of the winding axis on a base surface of the body, with the this in turn is arranged in the installed state on a board, transverse, preferably perpendicular to each other.
  • At least two actuators are arranged on the armature, which are each assigned to the contact springs for actuating the contact springs, that act on these contact springs or the movable, flexible parts of the contact springs and thus can move the contact springs in the spring movement plane.
  • These actuators extend at the armature with respect to the armature bearing axis radially outwardly in a longitudinal direction of the armature, d. H. away from the armature bearing axis.
  • the radially outermost ends of the two actuators (seen in the longitudinal direction of the armature) are further away from the armature bearing axis than the pole shoes of the armature.
  • the relay can be designed as a safety relay and, in particular, the contact springs at the opposite ends of the armature can be assigned a normally closed contact and an associated closer, since the contact springs can be forcibly guided via the armature.
  • the relay according to the invention is preferably used as a safety relay in a safety circuit.
  • the relay is constructed such that the spring movement planes of at least one of the contact springs are substantially parallel to the armature bearing axis, d. H. that the armature bearing axis runs in the usual tolerances parallel to the spring movement plane.
  • the main extension direction of the respective contact spring extends substantially parallel to the armature bearing axis in the sense that the projections of the longitudinal axis of the contact spring and the armature bearing axis on the base surface of the main body of the relay run parallel.
  • the two longitudinal axes of the contact spring and the armature bearing axis parallel and preferably the winding axis of the coil perpendicular Due to the fact that the contact springs and the armature bearing axis run essentially parallel next to one another, a particularly space-saving construction is likewise achieved.
  • the spring movement planes of the two contact springs are substantially parallel to one another.
  • the armature bearing axis extends in its imaginary extension through the coil. Whether there is a height offset between the imaginary extension of the armature bearing axis and the winding axis, however, depends on the exact construction of the armature. If, for example, in a preferred variant, an H-shaped anchor is used, which has a total of four pole pieces, which are arranged so that always two pole pieces embrace one end of the yoke of the coil system and consequently always two pole pieces on opposite sides of the yoke with a pole face of the yoke In contact, it is preferred that the armature bearing axis cross in its extension and the Jochffenachse.
  • the armature bearing axis may be such that it is vertically displaced in its extension relative to the Jochffenachse with respect to the base surface of the Basic body of the relay is.
  • the armature bearing axle below the central axis of the yoke, ie between the yoke central axis and the base surface of the main body of the relay.
  • the armature bearing axis can also lie above the Jochstoffachse, ie between Jochffenachse and housing top.
  • the armature is formed so that the pole pieces are angled or bent from the longitudinal direction of the armature to the coil.
  • the armature as magnetically active cores or core pieces, which form the pole pieces at the end, U-shaped body.
  • a U-shaped core is needed here.
  • the armature or armature angled or bent yoke it is possible to form the pole faces as large as possible, so that the best possible magnetic flux is achieved.
  • the U-shaped core pieces can also have unequal length U legs.
  • pole pieces of the yoke are angled towards the anchor and the anchor has no or only a slight bend.
  • a combination of both variants is possible, since the requirements in tightened and fallen position may be different in terms of the size of the overlap of the pole pieces.
  • the core pieces can themselves be permanent magnets.
  • these U-shaped core pieces are iron parts, in particular soft iron parts.
  • anchor Permanent magnets may be incorporated in the body, which then provide magnetic flux through the soft iron core pieces.
  • the actuators extend in the longitudinal direction of the armature outwardly beyond the pole pieces away from the armature bearing axis.
  • these actuators are fixed, in particular rotationally fixed, connected to the armature.
  • they are integrally formed with the anchor, for example, together with the anchor produced by injection molding.
  • the core pieces or the core pieces are injection-molded in an injection molding process for producing the anchor body, wherein at the same time the actuators, For example, in the form of actuator arms or a kind of end-side stubs, be injected with the anchor body.
  • the actuators on the armature and the contact springs are each formed and arranged so that a contact spring is pushed away in each case by its associated actuator for opening the respective contact of one of the respective contact spring associated mating contact.
  • the actuator thus displaces the contact head of the contact spring, that is to say the part of the contact spring which comes into contact with the mating contact, away from the mating contact in the movement plane.
  • the contact springs extend transversely or advantageously perpendicular to the armature longitudinal axis like a bridge over the actuator arms. Seen from the base surface then so the contact springs extend above the armature longitudinal axis and the contact springs are pushed away to open upwards.
  • the arrangement is such that the actuator in the respective closed state of the contact still has some distance from the contact spring, that is not in contact with the contact spring in this position.
  • an anchor bearing in which the armature is pivotably mounted about the armature bearing axis, is located on the main body. It is particularly advantageous if the armature bearing on the one hand and the at least two contact springs on the other hand are arranged on opposite sides of the armature with the actuators.
  • the anchor bearing should preferably be below the anchor or attack from below by the anchor.
  • the anchor bearing engages from above the anchor and the contact springs extend below the actuator.
  • the winding axis of the coil, the armature bearing axis and a main extension direction of the contact springs particularly preferably each flat, preferably substantially parallel, above a base surface of the main body of the relay housing, which is formed as a contact side for positioning the relay on a circuit board or printed circuit board is.
  • This base surface or contact side is the surface which lies in the installed state of the relay at or short distance parallel to the board.
  • terminals or terminals for example, contact pins, SM D contact surfaces, etc., for the circuit board or the circuit are correspondingly attached. assigns.
  • the relay has a horizontal rotational axis of the armature with respect to the printed circuit board and the armature and magnet assembly are located side by side flat above the base surface.
  • the spring movement plane is in this case essentially perpendicular to the base surface, ie the springs are moved away from the base surface for opening or closing or moved in the direction of the base surface.
  • the relay should be designed as a safety relay
  • one of the at least two contact springs is formed as part of a normally open contact and the other of the at least two contact springs as part of a normally closed contact, which is assigned to this normally open within an external safety circuit.
  • the normally open contact and the normally closed contact at the ends of the armature facing away from each other are arranged in the longitudinal direction, whereby in addition to the forced operation a particularly large stroke on both sides, d. H. both on the normally open contact and on the normally closed contact, can be realized.
  • At least one of the actuators particularly preferably the actuator, which is associated with the contact spring of the normally-open contact, has a pressure projection extending in an opening direction of the contact spring, for example in the form of a small projection, which in the opened state (in the opening direction ) presses against the contact spring.
  • a mechanically connected break contact has a contact distance of at least 0.5 mm when a make contact is closed and vice versa.
  • the actuator of the normally closed contact can also have a corresponding contact pressure projection.
  • At least one of the contact springs is designed as a double contact and has two contact pieces which rest in a closed position on a mating contact piece.
  • a contact via which signals are to be transmitted that is to say usually the normally closed contact (NC contact), which should be closed in the normal position of the relay. Due to the design as a double contact, the probability can be increased that sufficient for the signal transmission contact at least one of the two contact pieces is provided with the mating contact piece, for example, if contamination prevents good contact between the contacts on one of the contact pieces.
  • the actuators are arranged so that they can push away the respective contact springs in one direction, for example, can push away from the mating contact.
  • the movement of the contact spring is effected simply by the bias voltage having the respective contact spring. That is, the actuators then work only against the bias of the contact spring and let them simply return due to their own bias in an initial position, for example, the closed state of the respective contact.
  • This construction in which the actuator engages only one side of the contact springs, has the advantage of easier installation of the relay.
  • the actuator fork-shaped, d. H. that the contact spring associated with the actuator is encompassed by the actuator of at least three sides.
  • the closing of a contact can be assisted or initiated, depending on whether the contact spring has a certain bias in one direction.
  • the body preferably has locking elements in order to lock the coil system on or in the base body.
  • the bobbin may have corresponding, cooperating counter-locking means or the locking elements are simply formed by surfaces or edges of the coil system, for example, the bobbin or the pole faces of the yoke.
  • the anchor can be latched with, for example, an anchor bearing journal in the anchor bearing of the body.
  • the relay has a housing cover, which is connectable to the base body to form a closed housing.
  • the housing cover locking elements and the main body cooperating counter-locking means to easily lock the housing cover to the body and thus to allow a quick, easy, inexpensive installation.
  • the housing cover on the inside also counter bearing elements to hold the anchor in the anchor bearing of the body. These counter-bearing elements then block the anchor from slipping out of the anchor bearing.
  • FIG. Figure 1 1 is a schematic representation of a coil system and an armature of a relay according to a third embodiment.
  • this relay 1 being designed as a safety relay with a normally open contact A and a normally closed contact R.
  • the relay in a first switching state P1 (see Figure 7), in which the normally closed contact is closed (Normally Closed) and the normally open contact A (Normally Open ).
  • P1 first switching state in which the normally closed contact is closed (Normally Closed) and the normally open contact A (Normally Open ).
  • the design ensures that the contact piece 55 of the contact spring 51 of the normally open contact has a minimum distance of 0.5 mm to the contact piece 64 of the mating contact 60 even in the event of a fault according to IEC 61810-3.
  • a base body 10 in which all other other components are mounted a coil system 20 (also known as coil assembly and an armature 30 movably coupled thereto, which has two actuators 36, 37 with which the contact springs 51, 53 of the normally open contact A and the normally closed contact R can be actuated.
  • a coil system 20 also known as coil assembly and an armature 30 movably coupled thereto, which has two actuators 36, 37 with which the contact springs 51, 53 of the normally open contact A and the normally closed contact R can be actuated.
  • the stationary mating contacts 60, 61 of the normally open contact and the normally closed contact with their connection pins 63 are first inserted and fixed in the base body 10 in corresponding apertures 18 at two corners of the base body 10. In a later process step, they are additionally encapsulated for stronger fixation, for example with epoxy encapsulants.
  • These stationary mating contacts 60, 61 are L-shaped, wherein the long L-legs form the terminals 63, and have (as short L-legs) on the upper side to a central longitudinal axis of the base body 10 angled counter contact portions 62, which are approximately, preferably exactly, horizontally and are provided on their upper side with mating contact pieces 64.
  • These counter contact pieces 64 are made for example of a silver alloy, which can be riveted or welded to the mating contact portion 62.
  • the main body 10 then has the state shown in Figure 1. Subsequently, the coil system 20 and the armature 30 are brought into the appropriate position to each other and, as shown in Figure 4, mounted in the base body 10, which, as will be explained below, can be done by a simple latching.
  • FIG. 1 The structure of the coil system is shown in more detail in FIG.
  • a yoke made of soft iron is first encapsulated in an injection molding with plastic, the injection mold is shaped so that the bobbin 21 drum-like with a central in the longitudinal direction of the yoke 25 extending bobbin core 22 and two end Spool flanges 23 is formed, wherein in each case the end portions of the yoke 25 protrude from the bobbin flanges 23.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the free-standing end portions of the yoke 25 constitute the pole faces of the yoke 25.
  • the coil 24 is wound on the bobbin core 22 between the bobbin flanges 23.
  • the bobbin flanges 23 have, on the outside, in each case connecting pieces which hold coil connection wires 27, with which an electrical contacting of the coil winding is possible.
  • In the base body 10 are corresponding holes in the base surface BF or base plate through which the ends of these coil leads 27 are inserted so as to connect them to corresponding terminals of a circuit on a circuit board.
  • the matching armature 30 for this purpose has corresponding pole pieces 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, which abut in the mounted state in each case on the pole faces of the yoke 25 or are spaced therefrom by a defined air gap, depending on the position of the armature 30 relative to the coil system 20, So depending on the switching state P1, P2 of the relay 1.
  • the armature has two U-shaped soft iron core pieces 33, which have been encapsulated with plastic to form an anchor body 31 in an injection molding process. This is particularly clearly visible in FIG.
  • These soft iron core pieces 33 are U-shaped and are arranged to each other so that their U-webs 33u and U-legs are parallel.
  • two cavities 35 remain in the anchor body 31 during injection, into which permanent magnets 34 can be glued. These cavities 35 have a width which is the distance between the two U-shaped iron core pieces 33 corresponds.
  • the U-legs are preferably each of different heights and the two U-shaped iron core pieces 33 are arranged so that always a shorter U-leg as a shorter pole piece 33c, 33b a longer U-leg as a longer pole piece 33a, 33d opposite.
  • an armature bearing axis AA is defined, which exactly the central axis of the yoke 25 - which, as said the winding axis WA corresponds to the coil 24 - cuts. This is also clearly visible in FIG.
  • the special arrangement of the armature bearing axis AA to the winding axis WA or central axis of the yoke 25 ensures here for a simultaneous investment of the diagonally opposite edges of Ankerpol vom the yoke 25th
  • This magnet system (consisting of coil system 20 and armature 30) thus has four working air gaps.
  • the long pole shoes 33a, 33d are arranged so that in the switching position P1 illustrated in FIG. 7, in which the coil 24 is not flowed through, ie the normally closed contact R is closed, these pole shoes 33a, 33d are connected to their associated pole faces Yoke 25 lie. As a result, a particularly strong tightening force is achieved in this direction. If the coil 24 is traversed by current, ie excited, in the yoke, a polarity which is opposite to that of the permanent magnet flux, which is present through the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets via the armature iron, is generated.
  • this ensures that with a tilting of the armature 30 by a relatively smaller travel or armature stroke in the region of the pole shoes 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, a relatively larger travel or armature stroke in the region of the actuators 36 , 37 and thus the stroke with which the actuators 36, 37, the contact springs 51, 53 can move, and thus a distance between the contact springs 51, 53 to the mating contact pieces 64 of the stationary mating contacts 60, 61 despite the very low, flat Height of the entire relay 1 can be relatively large.
  • the base body 10 For coupling the coil system 20 and the armature 30 with the base body 10 and thus also of the coil system 20 and the armature 30 to each other, the base body 10 on a base surface BF, with which the relay 1 can be arranged later in the installed state on a board or the like and from which the terminals 63, 59 of the various contacts and the coil terminals 27 of the coil protrude, a frame 1 1 on.
  • this frame 1 1 the coil system 20 and the armature 30 in the suitably collapsed state, so that the pole faces of the pole pieces 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d are fitting in front of the pole faces of the yoke 25, exactly einpassbar.
  • the frame 1 1 has for this purpose two side walls 14 in which latching elements 15 are located on the inside, with which the coil system 20 can be latched by pushing between the side walls 14, wherein the locking elements in the form of locking lugs on the upper peripheral edge of the ends of the yoke 25th to grab.
  • These locking elements 15 have below each exact stop surfaces on which rests the yoke 25 with its lower edges, so that the entire coil system 20 is positioned appropriately.
  • this frame 1 1 in the side walls 14 each have slots 16 through which the actuator 36, 37 of the armature 30 can protrude.
  • the side walls 14 connecting the front wall of the frame 1 1 has at an intermediate position on an armature bearing recess 12a, which forms the part of the armature bearing 12, in which the pole pieces 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d away pointing anchor bearing pin 32a of the armature 30 is received.
  • pole pieces 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d For mounting the inner, between the pole pieces 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d in the direction of the coil system 20 facing anchor pin 32b is located from the base surface BF of the body 10 upwards, parallel to the front wall of the frame 1 1 extending armature bearing web 13, in which a corresponding armature bearing cut 12 b of the armature bearing 12 is arranged.
  • the armature 30 and the coil system 20 need only fitting loose to be stacked on top of each other, and the entire assembly can be locked together in the frame 1 of the Grundgropers 10. This position is shown in FIG. As can be seen here, the actuators 36, 37 are so long that they are positioned with their ends in front of the upper, short L-legs of the mating contacts 60, 61. To shield the contacts A, R from the magnet system, d. H.
  • the actuators 36, 37 at a short distance from the side walls 14 of the frame 1 1 of the main body 10 to the outside of the frame 1 1 located mating contacts 60, 61 area shield elements 38, which cover the slots 16 for the actuators 36, 37 in the side walls 14 of the frame 1 1.
  • the insulation distances (air gap and creepage distance) between the contacts A, R and the magnetic components and electrical components of the coil system 20 and the armature 30 are increased.
  • the movable contact springs 51, 53 of the contact system 50 are mounted.
  • the contact springs 51, 53 are fastened to spring holders 59, for example riveted or welded, which are each formed as terminals 59p or pins 59p (similar to the terminals 63 of the mating contacts 60, 61) at their lower end facing the main body 10.
  • spring holders 59 for example riveted or welded
  • the base body 10 are located opposite the recesses 18 for inserting the stationary mating contacts 60, 61 located corners respectively corresponding recesses 17 through which the terminals 59 p inserted through and can be fixed in the base body 10 at the same time.
  • the contact springs 51, 53 are each, just like the mating contacts 60, 61, constructed L-shaped, in which case, however, the upper L-leg is considerably longer than the L-leg attached to the spring holder 59. Ie. On the top side of the terminal 59 there extends in each case a spring section 52, 54, at the end in the direction of the mating contacts 60, 61 (ie in each case on the underside of the ends of the contact springs 51, 53) Contact piece 55, 58 is arranged, which is provided for contacting with the mating contact piece 64 of the respective mating contact 60, 61.
  • the contact pieces 55, 58, as well as the mating contact pieces 64 may be made for example of a silver alloy and may be riveted or 29wei t with the respective end of the contact spring 51, 53.
  • the contact spring 51 of the normally-open contact A has a relatively large contact piece 55, which is attached to a widening arranged at the end on the spring section 52.
  • the contact spring 53 of the normally closed contact R has at its end on its spring portion 54 a split contact surface 56 with two smaller contact pieces 58 (smaller than the contact piece 55 of the contact spring 51 of the normally-open contact A) by a slot 57 extends in the longitudinal direction of the spring portion 54 from the end ,
  • This has the advantage that the normally closed contact R in the closed state with a high degree of safety maintains sufficient contact with the mating contact piece 64 in order to enable a signal line.
  • the longitudinal direction of the two spring sections 52, 54 of the contact springs 51, 53 is the main extension direction HR of the contact springs 51, 53. It runs here, as can be seen in particular from Figure 6, almost parallel to the armature bearing axis AA of the armature 30 and perpendicular to the winding axis WA of the coil system 20. As can be seen here, the longitudinal axis of the armature AL runs parallel to the winding axis WA of the coil 24 of the coil system 20. All named longitudinal axes or main extension directions thus extend substantially flat above the base surface BF of the main body 10, whereby the particular flat design of the relay 1 results. It is clear that the spring sections 52, 54, depending on the position of the relevant contact A, R, d. H.
  • the spring sections 52, 54 are formed and the contact springs 51, 53 are positioned so that they engage the actuators 36, 37 on the Bridge each end of the armature 30 from above. That is, the actuators 36, 37 press against the respective spring sections 52, 54 when actuated from below.
  • Figure 8 shows the relay in a second switching position P2, in which the coil 24 is energized, whereby the magnetic field of the yoke 25 is reversed and the armature 30 was thus tilted to a position by the actuator 37, the contact spring 53 of the normally closed contact R from the mating contact 61st lifts and thus opens the normally closed contact R, wherein at the same time the contact spring 51 of the normally open contact A due to their bias contacted their associated mating contact 61 and thus the normally open contact A is closed.
  • the distance between the contact pieces on the side of the normally closed contact R is then at least 0.5 mm, even in the event of a fault according to IEC 61810-3.
  • the arrangement of the contact springs 51, 53 with respect to the actuators 36, 37 is here in each case chosen so that in the closed state, the contact springs 51, 53 have no contact with the associated actuator 36, 37, so that even with a burning down the Gegenutton Publishede64 always still a secure contact is possible and not in the closed position of the actuator, the respective contact spring 51, 53 still keeps away from the mating contact piece 64.
  • the relay 1 can finally be closed with a housing cover 2 in the assembled state of all components. This has a peripheral wall whose internal dimensions are adapted to the outer dimensions of the base body 10.
  • the base body 10 has on the outside bottom side in the direction of the base surface BF on its two longitudinal sides in each case two locking cutouts 19 which cooperate with corresponding locking lugs 3 on the inside of the wall of the housing cover 2 and with which the housing cover 2 can be latched to the base body 10.
  • On the inside of the wall of the housing cover 2 is also a peripheral edge 7 in a suitable height, so that this peripheral edge 7 comes to rest on a peripheral edge of the body 10.
  • a longitudinal side is centrally located on the outer wall of the housing cover inside a recess 5, which is adapted to the front wall of the frame 1 1 of the base body 10 in the region of the armature bearing 12, so that there is a precise fit here.
  • a web 4 which serves as an abutment element for the armature bearing recess 12a of the armature bearing 12 and the armature journal on the side facing away from the coil system 20 side of the armature 20 in the corresponding armature bearing cutout 12a holds.
  • the housing cover 2 has a parallel to the longer side walls approximately in the middle region extending web 6, which extends in the assembled state between the coil system 20 and the armature 30 and as an abutment member 6 for the armature bearing recess 12b of the armature bearing 12 between the armature 30 and the coil system 20 is used.
  • both anchor bearing pins 32a, 32b are securely held in the armature bearing 12.
  • FIG. 9 shows a modified variant of the relay 1 according to FIGS. 1 to 8.
  • the coil system 20 and the armature 30 with its magnetic components are constructed substantially the same as in the first embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 8.
  • the actuators 41, 42 with a lower portion 41 a, 42 a and an upper portion 41 b , 42b and each one in between in the longitudinal direction AL of the armature 30 extending slot 41 s, 42s constructed fork-shaped.
  • the respective contact spring 51, 53 or the spring portion 52, 54 of the contact springs 51, 53 passes through the respective slot 41 s, 42 s of the associated him / her actuator 41, 42.
  • This construction makes it possible that the spring portions 52, 54 of Contact springs 51, 53 are lifted not only against their own bias from the mating contact 60, 61, but also by the upper portion 41 b, 42 b of the actuator 41, 42 can be pressed to close down against the mating contact 60, 61. This may be useful in some applications, depending on the bias that the contact springs 51, 53 should have and what purpose the relay should serve.
  • anchor bearing of the armature 30 is constructed slightly differently. Instead of the anchored to the anchor body 31 anchor bearing pins 32a, 32b is now in the anchor body 31 in the direction of the armature bearing axis AA continuous anchor bearing bore 32o. Likewise located at the appropriate position in the frame 1 1 in the central anchor bearing web 13 (not shown in Figure 9) of the body 10 anchor bearing bores 12o. An armature bearing pin 32s, for example a metal pin, is then inserted through the bores to realize the armature bearing.
  • the armature 30 (or consisting of armature 30 and coil system 20 magnet system) may be configured differently. This is shown schematically with reference to FIG. As a comparison with Figure 10 shows, an essential difference here is that the armature 130 is not constructed H-shaped with two U-iron core pieces, but only such a z. B. U-shaped iron core 133 has. That is, the magnet system has only two working air gaps, and there is always only one pole piece 133a, 133b on the corresponding pole face of the yoke 125 at.
  • the yoke 125 is formed such that it has enlarged pole faces at the ends in each case.
  • the magnet system 120 is otherwise constructed in the same way as the magnet system 20 according to the first embodiment, as described in particular. was explained in particular in connection with Figure 2. Ie.
  • the yoke 125 is also encapsulated with plastic to form a drum-like bobbin and then the coil 124 wrapped in a central region around the yoke or the bobbin.
  • the armature 130 can be produced by molding the U-shaped iron core part 133 with molded-on actuators 36, 37 in a plastic injection molding process, and the permanent magnets 34 are inserted into corresponding chambers 35.
  • the armature 133 has only two pole shoes 133a, 133b, which bear against the pole faces of the yoke 125 only from one side, in this case the underside, in this case the armature bearing axis AA 'can be further offset downwards, so that they are in one Distance is below the longitudinal axis of the yoke 125 and the winding axis WA. That is, the anchor bearing pins would then be correspondingly lower, each at the height of the armature bearing axis AA ', which intersects the soft iron core part or its central longitudinal axis, be arranged offset. Accordingly, the base body must be formed so that the armature bearing cutouts of the armature bearing lie at a shorter distance above the base surface BF.
  • This further embodiment with a simplified armature 130 has the advantage of saving material. This can also be an advantage during assembly, since the armature 133 and the magnet system 120 can be used independently of one another in the base body.
  • the devices described in detail above are only exemplary embodiments which can be modified by the person skilled in many different ways without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the armature bearing axis could also be outside the iron of the armature or offset from the armature longitudinal axis.
  • the anchor bearing could also be made as a separate part, which in turn is then fixed in the base body and / or the magnet system during assembly, for example, as a kind of shaft to which the anchor is attached with a corresponding anchor bearing bore.
  • the anchor bearing could be molded directly on the magnet system.
  • the elements, in particular cooperating, elements on the front and the rear half-shell can be reversed, or similar variations are possible.
  • the special features of the variants described above can also be used. if combined with each other.
  • the use of the indefinite article "a" or "anā€ does not exclude that the characteristics in question may also be present more than once.

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Abstract

The invention relates to an electromagnetic relay (1), more particularly a safety relay (1). The relay (1) has a main part (10) and a coil system (20, 120) located thereon, the coil system (20, 120) having a coil (24, 124) and a yoke (25, 125) which extends through the coil (24, 124) along a winding axis (WA) of the coil (24, 124). An armature (30, 130) for the relay (1) is located next to the coil (24, 124) and mounted such that it can pivot about an armature bearing axis (AA, AA') and has pole shoes (33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, 133a, 133b) for magnetically coupling with the yoke (25, 125) of the coil system (20, 120). The relay (1) also comprises a contact system (50) having at least two contact springs (51, 53), wherein each spring movement plane (FB) of the contact springs (51, 53) extends across the winding axis (WA) of the coil (24, 124), preferably at a substantially right angle. At least two actuators (36, 37, 41, 42) are located on the armature (30, 130), which actuators (36, 37, 41, 42) are allocated to the contact springs (51, 53) in order to actuate same and which actuators (36, 37, 41, 42) extend radially outwards on the armature (30, 130) with respect to to the armature bearing axis (AA, AA') in a longitudinal direction (AL) of the armature (30, 130), wherein the radially outermost ends of the two actuators (36, 37, 41, 42) are farther away from the armature bearing axis (AA, AA') than the pole shoes (33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, 133a, 133b) of the armature (30, 130).

Description

Elektromagnetisches Relais Ā Electromagnetic relay
Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektromagnetisches Relais, insbesondere ein Sicherheitsrelais, mit einem Grundkƶrper, einem am Grundkƶrper angeordneten Spulensystem mit einer Spule und einem Joch, welches sich entlang einer Wickelachse der Spule durch diese erstreckt, sowie mit einem Anker, welcher auf einer Ankerlagerachse schwenkbar gelagert angeordnet ist und welcher Polschuhe zur magnetischen Kopplung mit dem Joch des Spulensystems aufweist, und mit einem Kontaktsystem mit zumindest zwei Kontaktfedern, wobei am Anker BetƤtiger angeordnet sind, welche den Kontaktfedern zugeordnet sind, um bei einer Bewegung des Ankers die Kontaktfedern zu betƤtigen, d. h. die entsprechenden Kontakte der Kontaktfedern durch die Bewegung der Kontaktfedern zu ƶffnen oder zu schlieƟen. The invention relates to an electromagnetic relay, in particular a safety relay, comprising a base body, a coil arranged on the base body with a coil and a yoke, which extends along a winding axis of the coil therethrough, and with an armature which is pivotally mounted on an armature bearing axis is and which pole pieces for magnetic coupling with the yoke of the coil system, and having a contact system with at least two contact springs, wherein the armature are arranged actuators, which are associated with the contact springs to actuate the contact springs upon movement of the armature, d. H. to open or close the corresponding contacts of the contact springs by the movement of the contact springs.
Derartige Relais sind aus der Praxis in verschiedenen AusfĆ¼hrungen bekannt. Bei einer Ausbildung als Sicherheitsrelais ist mindestens eine der Kontaktfedern einem sogenanntenā€žĆ–ffner" oder Ruhekontakt (auch als NC-Kontakt, NC = Normally Closed, bezeichnet) zugeordnet und mindestens eine andere Kontaktfeder ist demā€žSchlieƟer" oder Arbeitskontakt zugeordnet (auch als NO-Kontakt, NO = Normally Open, bezeichnet). Durch eine ZwangsfĆ¼hrung bzw. durch eine passende Anordnung der BetƤtiger am Anker ist dafĆ¼r gesorgt, dass Ɩffner und SchlieƟer nicht gleichzeitig geschlossen werden kƶnnen. Insbesondere ist die Anordnung so, dass das Ɩffnen des Ɩffners stets dem SchlieƟen des SchlieƟers vorangeht und dies keinesfalls gleichzeitig oder gar umgekehrt geschieht. Tritt beim Ɩffnen des Ɩffners einā€žĆ–ffnungsversagen" auf, weil beispielsweise die Kontaktfeder des Ɩffners mit dem Gegenkontakt verschweiƟt ist, so kann der SchlieƟer nicht geschlossen werden. Somit kann ein Ɩffnungsversagen durch den geƶffneten (mechanisch verbundenen) SchlieƟer sicher erkannt werden. FĆ¼r Sicherheitsrelais (Relais mit zwangsgefĆ¼hrten Kontakten gemƤƟ IEC 61810-3) ist zudem vorgeschrieben, dass bei einem Ɩffnungsversagen eines SchlieƟers der Ɩffner und ebenso bei einem Ɩffnungsversagen eines Ɩffners der SchlieƟer immer noch einen vorgegebenen Minimalkontaktabstand aufweisen muss, nƤmlich mindestens 0,5 mm. Such relays are known in practice in various designs. In a training as a safety relay at least one of the contact springs is a so-called "NC" or normally closed contact (also known as NC contact, NC = Normally Closed, assigned) and at least one other contact spring is the "NO" or normally open associated (also known as NO) Contact, NO = Normally Open). Positive guidance or a suitable arrangement of the actuators on the armature ensures that normally closed and normally closed contacts can not be closed at the same time. In particular, the arrangement is such that the opening of the opener always precedes the closing of the shutter and this happens not at the same time or even vice versa. If an "opening failure" occurs when the opener is opened, because, for example, the contact spring of the opener is welded to the mating contact, then the normally open contact can not be closed, so that an opening failure can be reliably detected by the open (mechanically connected) normally open contact. Relay with positively driven contacts according to IEC 61810-3) is also prescribed that in case of an opening failure of a normally-closed contact and also in case of opening failure of a normally closed contact, the normally open must still have a predetermined minimum contact distance, namely at least 0.5 mm.
Die Kontaktfedern des Kontaktsystems mĆ¼ssen daher einen relativ groƟen Hub aufweisen, was zu entsprechenden WeglƤngen der BetƤtiger fĆ¼hrt. Dies wiederum bedingt eine ausreichend groƟe Konstruktion des gesamten Relais. Andererseits ist es fĆ¼r viele Anwendungen wĆ¼nschenswert, Relais mit entsprechenden Sicherheitsanforderungen mit mƶglichst geringen AuƟenmaƟen zu haben. Insbesondere ist es bei vielen Konstruktionen vorteilhaft, wenn das Relais relativ flach ist, d. h. die Bauhƶhe des Relais bei einer Positionierung auf einer Platine relativ gering ist. The contact springs of the contact system must therefore have a relatively large stroke, resulting in corresponding path lengths of the actuator. This in turn requires a sufficiently large construction of the entire relay. On the other hand, it is desirable for many applications to provide relays with appropriate security requirements to have the smallest possible external dimensions. In particular, it is advantageous in many constructions, when the relay is relatively flat, ie the height of the relay is relatively low when positioned on a board.
Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Relais zu schaffen, welches insbesondere auch als Sicherheitsrelais dienen kann und welches dennoch mƶglichst geringe AuƟenmaƟe aufweist, insbesondere besonders flach auf einer Platine angeordnet werden kann. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a relay which can serve in particular as a safety relay and which nevertheless has the smallest possible external dimensions, in particular can be arranged particularly flat on a circuit board.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Relais gemƤƟ Patentanspruch 1 gelƶst. This object is achieved by a relay according to claim 1.
Wie eingangs erwƤhnt, weist das elektromagnetische Relais einen Grundkƶrper und ein am Grundkƶrper angeordnetes Spulensystem mit zumindest einer Spule und einem Joch auf, welches sich entlang einer Wickelachse, d. h. der LƤngsachse, der Spule durch diese erstreckt. Beispielsweise kann so ein Spulensystem bzw. so eine Spulenbaugruppe aufgebaut werden, indem zunƤchst das Joch unter Bildung eines Spulenkerns mit Kunststoff in einem Spritzgussverfahren umspritzt wird und der so gebildete Spulenkern bzw. Spulenkƶrper dann mit dem Spulendraht umwickelt wird, um die Spule zu bilden. As mentioned above, the electromagnetic relay has a main body and a coil system arranged on the main body with at least one coil and a yoke which extends along a winding axis, i. H. the longitudinal axis, the coil extending through it. For example, such a coil system or so a coil assembly can be constructed by first the yoke is encapsulated with the formation of a spool core with plastic in an injection molding process and then formed coil core or bobbin is then wrapped with the coil wire to form the coil.
Weiter weist das elektromagnetische Relais einen Anker auf, der neben der Spule, also auƟerhalb der Spule, um eine Ankerlagerachse schwenkbar gelagert angeordnet ist und welcher die Polschuhe zur magnetischen Kopplung mit dem Joch des Spulensystems aufweist. Bei dieser Konstruktion ist also das Joch des Spulensystems statisch und wird durch Anlegen einer Spannung an die Wicklung der Spule entsprechend magnetisch so gepolt, dass die in Ruhestellung anliegenden Polschuhe des Ankers aufgrund deren Koppelung mit einem oder mehreren Dauermagneten zunƤchst abgestoƟen und dann in der Gegenstellung (der Arbeitsstellung) angezogen werden , was zur Bewegung des Ankers um die Ankerlagerachse fĆ¼hrt. Next, the electromagnetic relay has an armature which is arranged pivotably mounted next to the coil, so outside the coil to an armature bearing axis and which has the pole pieces for magnetic coupling with the yoke of the coil system. In this construction, therefore, the yoke of the coil system is static and is poled by applying a voltage to the coil winding accordingly magnetically so that the resting at rest pole shoes of the armature repelled due to their coupling with one or more permanent magnets and then in the opposite position ( the working position), which leads to the movement of the armature about the armature bearing axis.
Des Weiteren umfasst das elektromagnetische Relais ein Kontaktsystem mit zumindest den eingangs genannten beiden Kontaktfedern. Dabei ist die Anordnung dieser Kontaktfedern so, dass eine Federbewegungsebene, in der sich die flexiblen Kontaktfedern bzw. der bewegliche federnde Teil der Kontaktfedern jeweils entlang einer Haupterstreckungs- richtung erstrecken, quer, vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen rechtwinklig, zur Wickelachse der Spule verlƤuft. Dieā€žFederbewegungsebene" kann hier so definiert werden, dass sich der bewegliche Teil der Kontaktfeder von der offenen Position in die geschlossene Posi- tion des Kontakts in dieser Ebene bewegt bzw. eine FlƤche in dieser Ebene Ć¼berstreicht. Handelt es sich beispielsweise um eine (z. B. L-fƶrmig aufgebaute) Kontaktfeder, deren federnder Arm sich von einem festen Anschlusspunkt (z. B. dem Winkelpunkt der L-Form) aus zum Gegenkontakt hin erstreckt, so lƤsst sich die Federbewegungsebene durch diesen festen Anschlusspunkt, den Punkt, an dem der Kontakt geschlossen ist, und den Punkt, an dem sich der Kontaktkopf der Feder im offenen Zustand befindet, definieren. Unterā€žHaupterstreckungsrichtung" ist hierbei die Richtung zu verstehen, in der sich ein beweglicher Teil bzw. flexibler Arm der Kontaktfeder im Wesentlichen erstreckt. Furthermore, the electromagnetic relay comprises a contact system with at least the two contact springs mentioned above. In this case, the arrangement of these contact springs is such that a spring movement plane, in which the flexible contact springs or the movable resilient part of the contact springs each extend along a main extension direction, extends transversely, preferably substantially at right angles, to the winding axis of the coil. The "spring action plane" can be defined here such that the movable part of the contact spring moves from the open position into the closed position. move the contact in this plane or covers an area in this level. If, for example, it is a (for example L-shaped) contact spring whose resilient arm extends from a fixed connection point (eg the angular point of the L-shape) towards the mating contact, the spring movement plane can pass through define this fixed connection point, the point at which the contact is closed, and the point at which the contact head of the spring is in the open state. The term "main extension direction" here is to be understood as the direction in which a movable part or flexible arm of the contact spring extends substantially.
Das Kontaktsystem kann hier also zumindest zwei Kontakte, nƤmlich z. B. einen Ɩffner und einen SchlieƟer, aufweisen, welche jeweils mindestens eine dieser Kontaktfedern und einen zugehƶrigen Gegenkontakt umfassen. Der Gegenkontakt ist dabei vorzugsweise ein stationƤrer, d. h. ein im Wesentlichen feststehender, Kontaktkƶrper, gegen den die flexible Kontaktfeder zum SchlieƟen des Kontakts gedrĆ¼ckt wird bzw. von diesem abgehoben wird. Dabei wird die Kontaktfeder dann in der Federbewegungsebene bewegt bzw. flexibel vom Gegenkontakt weggebogen oder gegen den Gegenkontakt hingebogen, je nachdem, welche Konstruktion genau vorliegt. Bei dieser Anordnung der Federbewegungsebene bzw. der Haupterstreckungsrichtung der flexiblen Kontaktfedern und der Wickelachse verlaufen also (bei einer Sicht von oben auf das Relais) die Projektionen der Haupterstreckungsrichtung bzw. einer LƤngsachse der Kontaktfedern und die Projektionen der Wickelachse auf eine BasisflƤche des Grundkƶrpers, mit der dieser wiederum im eingebauten Zustand auf einer Platine angeordnet ist, quer, vorzugsweise senkrecht, zueinander. The contact system can therefore at least two contacts, namely z. B. an opener and a closer, each comprising at least one of these contact springs and an associated mating contact. The mating contact is preferably a stationary, d. H. a substantially fixed, contact body against which the flexible contact spring is pressed to close the contact and is lifted from this. In this case, the contact spring is then moved in the spring movement plane or flexibly bent away from the mating contact or bent against the mating contact, depending on which construction is exactly present. In this arrangement, the spring movement plane or the main extension direction of the flexible contact springs and the winding axis so (in a view from above the relay) the projections of the main extension direction or a longitudinal axis of the contact springs and the projections of the winding axis on a base surface of the body, with the this in turn is arranged in the installed state on a board, transverse, preferably perpendicular to each other.
ErfindungsgemƤƟ sind am Anker mindestens zwei BetƤtiger angeordnet, welche den Kontaktfedern jeweils zur BetƤtigung der Kontaktfedern zugeordnet sind, also auf diese Kontaktfedern bzw. die beweglichen, flexiblen Teile der Kontaktfedern einwirken und somit die Kontaktfedern in der Federbewegungsebene bewegen kƶnnen. Diese BetƤtiger erstrecken sich am Anker bezĆ¼glich der Ankerlagerachse radial nach auƟen in einer LƤngsrichtung des Ankers, d. h. von der Ankerlagerachse aus nach auƟen weg. Dabei sind die radial ƤuƟersten Enden der beiden BetƤtiger (in der LƤngsrichtung des Ankers gesehen) weiter von der Ankerlagerachse entfernt als die Polschuhe des Ankers. According to the invention, at least two actuators are arranged on the armature, which are each assigned to the contact springs for actuating the contact springs, that act on these contact springs or the movable, flexible parts of the contact springs and thus can move the contact springs in the spring movement plane. These actuators extend at the armature with respect to the armature bearing axis radially outwardly in a longitudinal direction of the armature, d. H. away from the armature bearing axis. The radially outermost ends of the two actuators (seen in the longitudinal direction of the armature) are further away from the armature bearing axis than the pole shoes of the armature.
Dadurch, dass sich die BetƤtiger bzw. BetƤtigerarme fĆ¼r die beiden Kontakte an gegenĆ¼berliegenden Enden des Ankers diametral nach auƟen vom Ankerlager weg erstrecken, ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass trotz einer flachen Bauweise des Relais ein relativ groƟer Hub am BetƤtiger vorliegt. Ebenso unterstĆ¼tzt die Anordnung des Ankers neben der Spule eine flache Bauweise. Daher kann auch bei einer flachen Bauweise ein groƟer Abstand der Kontaktfedern von den Gegenkontakten realisiert werden. Folglich kann, wie spƤter erlƤutert, das Relais als Sicherheitsrelais ausgebildet werden und insbesondere kƶnnen die Kontaktfedern an den gegenĆ¼berliegenden Enden des Ankers einem Ɩffner und einem dazu gehƶrigen SchlieƟer zugeordnet werden, da die Kontaktfedern Ć¼ber den Anker zwangsgefĆ¼hrt werden kƶnnen. Due to the fact that the actuators or actuator arms for the two contacts extend diametrically outwardly away from the armature bearing at opposite ends of the armature, there is the advantage that despite a flat design of the relay, a relatively large stroke present at the actuator. Likewise, the arrangement of the armature next to the coil supports a flat design. Therefore, even with a flat design, a large distance between the contact springs can be realized by the mating contacts. Consequently, as explained later, the relay can be designed as a safety relay and, in particular, the contact springs at the opposite ends of the armature can be assigned a normally closed contact and an associated closer, since the contact springs can be forcibly guided via the armature.
Dementsprechend wird das erfindungsgemƤƟe Relais vorzugsweise als Sicherheitsrelais in einer Sicherheitsschaltung verwendet. Accordingly, the relay according to the invention is preferably used as a safety relay in a safety circuit.
Weitere besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhƤngigen AnsprĆ¼chen sowie der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, wobei auch Merkmale verschiedener AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiele zu neuen AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispielen kombiniert werden kƶnnen. Further particularly advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description, wherein also features of different embodiments may be combined to form new embodiments.
Vorzugsweise ist das Relais derart aufgebaut, dass die Federbewegungsebenen zumindest einer der Kontaktfedern im Wesentlichen parallel zur Ankerlagerachse verlaufen, d. h. dass die Ankerlagerachse in den Ć¼blichen Toleranzen parallel zur Federbewegungsebene verlƤuft. Bei einer solchen Konstruktion verlƤuft also auch die Haupterstreckungs- richtung der betreffenden Kontaktfeder im Wesentlichen parallel zur Ankerlagerachse in dem Sinne, dass die Projektionen der LƤngsachse der Kontaktfeder und der Ankerlagerachse auf der BasisflƤche des Grundkƶrpers des Relais parallel verlaufen. Mit anderen Worten, bei einer Sicht von oben auf das Relais laufen dann die beiden LƤngsachsen der Kontaktfeder und die Ankerlagerachse parallel und vorzugsweise die Wickelachse der Spule senkrecht. Dadurch, dass die Kontaktfedern und die Ankerlagerachse im Wesentlichen parallel nebeneinander verlaufen, wird ebenfalls eine besonders platzsparende Konstruktion erreicht. Preferably, the relay is constructed such that the spring movement planes of at least one of the contact springs are substantially parallel to the armature bearing axis, d. H. that the armature bearing axis runs in the usual tolerances parallel to the spring movement plane. In such a construction, therefore, the main extension direction of the respective contact spring extends substantially parallel to the armature bearing axis in the sense that the projections of the longitudinal axis of the contact spring and the armature bearing axis on the base surface of the main body of the relay run parallel. In other words, in a view from the top of the relay then run the two longitudinal axes of the contact spring and the armature bearing axis parallel and preferably the winding axis of the coil perpendicular. Due to the fact that the contact springs and the armature bearing axis run essentially parallel next to one another, a particularly space-saving construction is likewise achieved.
Vorzugsweise liegen die Federbewegungsebenen der beiden Kontaktfedern im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander. Preferably, the spring movement planes of the two contact springs are substantially parallel to one another.
Weiterhin ist es fĆ¼r die gewĆ¼nschte flache Anordnung von Vorteil, wenn die Ankerlagerachse in ihrer gedachten VerlƤngerung durch die Spule hindurch verlƤuft. Ob es einen Hƶhenversatz zwischen der gedachten VerlƤngerung der Ankerlagerachse und der Wickelachse gibt, hƤngt jedoch von der genauen Konstruktion des Ankers ab. Wird beispielsweise bei einer bevorzugten Variante ein H-fƶrmiger Anker verwendet, welcher insgesamt vier Polschuhe aufweist, die so angeordnet sind, dass immer zwei Polschuhe ein Ende des Jochs des Spulensystems umgreifen und folglich immer zwei Polschuhe auf gegenĆ¼berliegenden Seiten des Jochs mit einer PolflƤche des Jochs in Kontakt sind, so ist es bevorzugt, wenn sich die Ankerlagerachse in ihrer VerlƤngerung und die Jochmittelachse kreuzen. Bei einer anderen bevorzugten Variante des Ankers, bei der dieser nur zwei Polschuhe aufweist und immer nur ein Polschuh in Kontakt mit einer PolflƤche des Jochs ist, kann die Ankerlagerachse so liegen, dass sie in ihrer VerlƤngerung gegenĆ¼ber der Jochmittelachse hƶhenverschoben in Bezug auf die BasisflƤche des Grundkƶrpers des Relais ist. Insbesondere ist es mƶglich, die Ankerlagerachse dann unterhalb der Jochmittelachse, d. h. zwischen Jochmittelachse und BasisflƤche des Grundkƶrpers des Relais, anzuordnen. Die Ankerlagerachse kann aber auch oberhalb der Jochmittelachse liegen, also zwischen Jochmittelachse und GehƤuseoberseite. Furthermore, it is for the desired flat arrangement of advantage, when the armature bearing axis extends in its imaginary extension through the coil. Whether there is a height offset between the imaginary extension of the armature bearing axis and the winding axis, however, depends on the exact construction of the armature. If, for example, in a preferred variant, an H-shaped anchor is used, which has a total of four pole pieces, which are arranged so that always two pole pieces embrace one end of the yoke of the coil system and consequently always two pole pieces on opposite sides of the yoke with a pole face of the yoke In contact, it is preferred that the armature bearing axis cross in its extension and the Jochmittelachse. In another preferred variant of the anchor, in which this only two pole pieces and having only one pole piece in contact with a pole face of the yoke, the armature bearing axis may be such that it is vertically displaced in its extension relative to the Jochmittelachse with respect to the base surface of the Basic body of the relay is. In particular, it is then possible to arrange the armature bearing axle below the central axis of the yoke, ie between the yoke central axis and the base surface of the main body of the relay. But the armature bearing axis can also lie above the Jochmittelachse, ie between Jochmittelachse and housing top.
Vorzugsweise ist in beiden FƤllen der Anker so ausgebildet, dass die Polschuhe von der LƤngsrichtung des Ankers zur Spule hin abgewinkelt bzw. abgeknickt sind. Preferably, in both cases, the armature is formed so that the pole pieces are angled or bent from the longitudinal direction of the armature to the coil.
Dies ist beispielsweise mƶglich, indem der Anker als magnetisch wirksame Kerne oder KernstĆ¼cke, welche endseitig die Polschuhe bilden, U-fƶrmig ausgebildete Kƶrper aufweist. Im Falle eines Ankers mit nur zwei Polschuhen ist hier nur ein U-fƶrmiges KernstĆ¼ck nƶtig. Wird beispielsweise ein H-fƶrmiger Anker an jedem Ende von zwei sich gegenĆ¼berliegenden Polschuhen aufgebaut, so kƶnnen zwei solcher U-fƶrmiger KernstĆ¼cke Ć¼bereinander gelegt werden, so dass die Polschuhe der beiden U-fƶrmigen KernstĆ¼cke an den Enden jeweils gabelfƶrmig die Enden des Jochs umgreifen. Durch die zur Spule bzw. zum Joch hin abgewinkelten oder abgeknickten Polschuhe des Ankers ist es mƶglich, die PolschuhflƤchen mƶglichst groƟ auszubilden, so dass ein mƶglichst guter magnetischer Fluss erreicht wird. Die U-fƶrmigen KernstĆ¼cke kƶnnen im Ɯbrigen auch ungleich lange U- Schenkel aufweisen. Es wƤre auch denkbar, dass die Polschuhe des Jochs zum Anker hin abgewinkelt sind und der Anker keine oder nur eine geringe Abwinklung aufweist. Ebenso ist eine Kombination beider Varianten mƶglich, da hinsichtlich der GrĆ¶ĆŸe der Ɯberdeckung der Polschuhe die Anforderungen in angezogener- und abgefallener Stellung unterschiedlich sein kƶnnen. This is possible, for example, by having the armature as magnetically active cores or core pieces, which form the pole pieces at the end, U-shaped body. In the case of an anchor with only two pole shoes only a U-shaped core is needed here. For example, if an H-shaped anchor at each end of two opposing pole pieces, so two U-shaped core pieces can be superimposed, so that the pole pieces of the two U-shaped core pieces at the ends of each fork-shaped embrace the ends of the yoke. By means of the armature or armature angled or bent yoke, it is possible to form the pole faces as large as possible, so that the best possible magnetic flux is achieved. Incidentally, the U-shaped core pieces can also have unequal length U legs. It would also be conceivable that the pole pieces of the yoke are angled towards the anchor and the anchor has no or only a slight bend. Likewise, a combination of both variants is possible, since the requirements in tightened and fallen position may be different in terms of the size of the overlap of the pole pieces.
Die KernstĆ¼cke kƶnnen selbst Permanentmagnete sein. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich bei diesen U-fƶrmigen KernstĆ¼cken um Eisenteile, insbesondere Weicheisenteile. Im Anker- kƶrper kƶnnen Permanentmagneten eingebaut sein, die dann fĆ¼r einen magnetischen Fluss durch die Weicheisen-KernstĆ¼cke sorgen. The core pieces can themselves be permanent magnets. Preferably, these U-shaped core pieces are iron parts, in particular soft iron parts. In anchor Permanent magnets may be incorporated in the body, which then provide magnetic flux through the soft iron core pieces.
Wie eingangs erwƤhnt, erstrecken sich die BetƤtiger in LƤngsrichtung des Ankers gesehen nach auƟen hin Ć¼ber die Polschuhe hinaus von der Ankerlagerachse weg. Vorzugsweise sind diese BetƤtiger fest, insbesondere drehfest, mit dem Anker verbunden. Ganz besonders bevorzugt sind sie einteilig mit dem Anker ausgebildet, beispielsweise mit dem Anker gemeinsam im Spritzgussverfahren erzeugt. As mentioned above, the actuators extend in the longitudinal direction of the armature outwardly beyond the pole pieces away from the armature bearing axis. Preferably, these actuators are fixed, in particular rotationally fixed, connected to the armature. Most preferably, they are integrally formed with the anchor, for example, together with the anchor produced by injection molding.
Bei einer sehr kostengĆ¼nstigen, einfachen Herstellungsweise des Ankers werden das KernstĆ¼cke oder die KernstĆ¼cke (und gegebenenfalls auch die Permanentmagnete, sofern diese nicht nachtrƤglich in im Spritzgussverfahren extra hierfĆ¼r eingebrachte Kammern eingeklebt werden) in einem Spritzgussverfahren zur Herstellung des Ankerkƶrpers umspritzt, wobei gleichzeitig die BetƤtiger, beispielsweise in Form von BetƤtigerarmen bzw. eine Art endseitigen Stummeln, am Ankerkƶrper mit angespritzt werden. In a very cost-effective, simple manner of manufacturing the armature, the core pieces or the core pieces (and possibly also the permanent magnets, if they are not glued subsequently in chambers specially introduced for this purpose by injection molding) are injection-molded in an injection molding process for producing the anchor body, wherein at the same time the actuators, For example, in the form of actuator arms or a kind of end-side stubs, be injected with the anchor body.
Bei einer besonders bevorzugten AusfĆ¼hrung sind die BetƤtiger am Anker und die Kontaktfedern jeweils so ausgebildet und angeordnet, dass eine Kontaktfeder jeweils durch den ihr zugeordneten BetƤtiger zum Ɩffnen des betreffenden Kontakts von einem der jeweiligen Kontaktfeder zugeordneten Gegenkontakt weggedrĆ¼ckt wird. Bei einem solchenā€žLift-Off-Kontakt" verschiebt also der BetƤtiger den Kontaktkopf der Kontaktfeder, d. h. den mit dem Gegenkontakt in Verbindung tretenden Teil der Kontaktfeder, in der Bewegungsebene vom Gegenkontakt weg. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the actuators on the armature and the contact springs are each formed and arranged so that a contact spring is pushed away in each case by its associated actuator for opening the respective contact of one of the respective contact spring associated mating contact. In the case of such a "lift-off contact", the actuator thus displaces the contact head of the contact spring, that is to say the part of the contact spring which comes into contact with the mating contact, away from the mating contact in the movement plane.
Ganz besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn sich die Kontaktfedern quer bzw. vorteilhafterweise senkrecht zur AnkerlƤngsachse brĆ¼ckenartig Ć¼ber die BetƤtigerarme erstrecken. Von der BasisflƤche aus gesehen verlaufen dann also die Kontaktfedern oberhalb der AnkerlƤngsachse und die Kontaktfedern werden zum Ɩffnen nach oben weggedrĆ¼ckt. It is particularly advantageous if the contact springs extend transversely or advantageously perpendicular to the armature longitudinal axis like a bridge over the actuator arms. Seen from the base surface then so the contact springs extend above the armature longitudinal axis and the contact springs are pushed away to open upwards.
Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist die Anordnung derart, dass der BetƤtiger im jeweils geschlossenen Zustand des Kontakts noch etwas Abstand zur Kontaktfeder hat, d. h. in dieser Lage nicht die Kontaktfeder berĆ¼hrt. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass mit der Zeit die KontaktstĆ¼cke zwischen Kontaktfeder und Gegenkontakt noch etwas abbrennen kƶnnen und dennoch der Kontakt im geschlossenen Zustand auch sicher geschlossen ist. Wie bereits erwƤhnt, befindet sich am Grundkƶrper ein Ankerlager, in welchem der Anker um die Ankerlagerachse schwenkbar gelagert ist. Dabei ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn das Ankerlager einerseits und die zumindest zwei Kontaktfedern andererseits an voneinander abgewandten Seiten des Ankers mit den BetƤtigern angeordnet sind. Wenn also, wie oben beschrieben, die Kontaktfedern jeweils (von der BasisflƤche aus gesehen) oberhalb der BetƤtiger am Anker angreifen, also die BetƤtiger die Kontaktfeder untergreifen, so sollte sich das Ankerlager vorzugsweise unterhalb des Ankers befinden bzw. von unten vom Anker angreifen. Beispielsweise kƶnnten am Ankerkƶrper entsprechend in der Ankerlagerachse verlaufende Ankerlagerzapfen ausgebildet sein und diese Ankerlagerzapfen werden von oben, d. h. auf die BasisflƤche zu, in die Ankerlager im Grundkƶrper gedrĆ¼ckt. Alternativ wƤre auch eine umgekehrte Anordnung mƶglich, dass das Ankerlager von oben am Anker angreift und sich die Kontaktfedern unterhalb der BetƤtiger erstrecken. Most preferably, the arrangement is such that the actuator in the respective closed state of the contact still has some distance from the contact spring, that is not in contact with the contact spring in this position. This has the advantage that with time the contact pieces between the contact spring and mating contact can still burn off a bit and yet the contact is closed securely in the closed state. As already mentioned, an anchor bearing, in which the armature is pivotably mounted about the armature bearing axis, is located on the main body. It is particularly advantageous if the armature bearing on the one hand and the at least two contact springs on the other hand are arranged on opposite sides of the armature with the actuators. Thus, if, as described above, the contact springs respectively (viewed from the base surface) above the actuator attack on the anchor, so the actuators engage under the contact spring, the anchor bearing should preferably be below the anchor or attack from below by the anchor. For example, could be formed on the anchor body corresponding in the armature bearing axis extending armature journals and this anchor bearing pins are pressed from above, ie on the base surface, in the anchor bearing in the body. Alternatively, a reverse arrangement would be possible that the anchor bearing engages from above the anchor and the contact springs extend below the actuator.
Dadurch, dass die Kontaktfedern und das Ankerlager an voneinander abgewandten Seiten des Ankers jeweils am Ankerkƶrper angreifen, wird dafĆ¼r gesorgt, dass der Anker in das Ankerlager gedrĆ¼ckt wird, wenn das Relais umschalten mƶchte, also der Anker um die Ankerlagerachse gekippt werden soll, dies aber nicht mƶglich ist, weil ein Kontakt verschweiƟt wird, d. h. der Fall eines Ɩffnungsversagens vorliegt. Der Anker wird dann auf der Seite, an der der BetƤtiger den defekten Kontakt ƶffnen soll, von der Kontaktfeder in Richtung Ankerlager gedrĆ¼ckt und auf der anderen Seite wird der Anker durch die Magnetkraft nach unten gedrĆ¼ckt, so dass der Anker in einem solchen Versagensfall insgesamt automatisch in das Ankerlager gedrĆ¼ckt wird. Dies sorgt dafĆ¼r, dass der Anker immer in der korrekten Position gehalten wird und es noch nicht einmal erforderlich wƤre, den Anker nach oben hin im Ankerlager, beispielsweise durch ein entsprechendes Gegenlager im RelaisgehƤuse etc., zu halten. Es ist somit gewƤhrleistet, dass der zweite Kontakt sicher offengehalten wird, wenn der zu ƶffnende Kontakt nicht geƶffnet werden kann. The fact that the contact springs and the armature bearing attack on opposite sides of the armature respectively on the anchor body, it is ensured that the armature is pressed into the armature bearing when the relay wants to switch, so the armature is to be tilted about the armature bearing axis, but is not possible because a contact is welded, d. H. the case of an opening failure exists. The armature is then pressed on the side at which the actuator is to open the defective contact from the contact spring towards the armature bearing and on the other hand, the armature is pressed by the magnetic force down, so that the anchor in such a case of failure altogether automatically is pressed into the anchor bearing. This ensures that the armature is always held in the correct position and it would not even be necessary to hold the armature upwards in the armature bearing, for example by a corresponding counter bearing in the relay housing, etc. It is thus ensured that the second contact is securely held open when the contact to be opened can not be opened.
Wie bereits erwƤhnt, erstrecken sich die Wickelachse der Spule, die Ankerlagerachse und eine Haupterstreckungsrichtung der Kontaktfedern besonders bevorzugt jeweils flach, vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen parallel, oberhalb einer BasisflƤche des Grundkƶrpers des RelaisgehƤuses, welcher als Kontaktseite zur Positionierung des Relais auf einer Platine bzw. Leiterplatte ausgebildet ist. Diese BasisflƤche bzw. Kontaktseite ist die FlƤche, die im verbauten Zustand des Relais auf bzw. in kurzem Abstand parallel Ć¼ber der Platine liegt. An der BasisflƤche sind AnschlĆ¼sse bzw. Terminals, beispielsweise Kontaktbein- chen, SM D-KontaktflƤchen etc. fĆ¼r die Platine bzw. den Schaltkreis, entsprechend ange- ordnet. Mit anderen Worten, das Relais weist in Bezug auf die Leiterplatte eine liegende Drehachse des Ankers auf und Anker und Magnetbaugruppe befinden sich nebeneinander flach Ć¼ber der BasisflƤche. Die Federbewegungsebene steht hierbei im Wesentlichen senkrecht auf der BasisflƤche, d. h. die Federn werden zum Ɩffnen bzw. SchlieƟen von der BasisflƤche wegbewegt bzw. in Richtung der BasisflƤche bewegt. As already mentioned, the winding axis of the coil, the armature bearing axis and a main extension direction of the contact springs particularly preferably each flat, preferably substantially parallel, above a base surface of the main body of the relay housing, which is formed as a contact side for positioning the relay on a circuit board or printed circuit board is. This base surface or contact side is the surface which lies in the installed state of the relay at or short distance parallel to the board. At the base surface, terminals or terminals, for example, contact pins, SM D contact surfaces, etc., for the circuit board or the circuit are correspondingly attached. assigns. In other words, the relay has a horizontal rotational axis of the armature with respect to the printed circuit board and the armature and magnet assembly are located side by side flat above the base surface. The spring movement plane is in this case essentially perpendicular to the base surface, ie the springs are moved away from the base surface for opening or closing or moved in the direction of the base surface.
Sofern das Relais, wie in der bevorzugten AusfĆ¼hrung gewĆ¼nscht, als Sicherheitsrelais ausgebildet sein soll, ist eine der zumindest zwei Kontaktfedern als Teil eines Arbeitskontakts ausgebildet und die andere der zumindest zwei Kontaktfedern als Teil eines Ruhekontakts, der diesem Arbeitskontakt innerhalb einer externen Sicherheitsschaltung zugeordnet ist. Bei einem solchen Sicherheitsrelais sind also der Arbeitskontakt und der Ruhekontakt an den voneinander weg weisenden Enden des Ankers in dessen LƤngsrichtung angeordnet, wodurch neben der ZwangsfĆ¼hrung ein besonders groƟer Hub auf beiden Seiten, d. h. sowohl am Arbeitskontakt als auch am Ruhekontakt, realisiert werden kann. If the relay, as desired in the preferred embodiment, should be designed as a safety relay, one of the at least two contact springs is formed as part of a normally open contact and the other of the at least two contact springs as part of a normally closed contact, which is assigned to this normally open within an external safety circuit. In such a safety relay so the normally open contact and the normally closed contact at the ends of the armature facing away from each other are arranged in the longitudinal direction, whereby in addition to the forced operation a particularly large stroke on both sides, d. H. both on the normally open contact and on the normally closed contact, can be realized.
Bevorzugt weist zumindest einer der BetƤtiger, besonders bevorzugt der BetƤtiger, welcher der Kontaktfeder des Arbeitskontakts zugeordnet ist, einen sich in einer Ɩffnungsrichtung der Kontaktfeder erstreckenden Andruck-Vorsprung, beispielsweise in Form einer kleinen Erhebung etc., auf, welcher im geƶffneten Zustand (in Ɩffnungsrichtung) gegen die Kontaktfeder drĆ¼ckt. Auf diese Weise kann dafĆ¼r gesorgt werden, dass zu jedem Zeitpunkt sichergestellt ist, dass ein mechanisch verbundener Ɩffner mindestens 0,5 mm Kontaktabstand hat, wenn ein SchlieƟer geschlossen ist und auch umgekehrt. ZusƤtzlich kann aber auch der BetƤtiger des Ruhekontakts einen entsprechenden Andruck- Vorsprung aufweisen. Preferably, at least one of the actuators, particularly preferably the actuator, which is associated with the contact spring of the normally-open contact, has a pressure projection extending in an opening direction of the contact spring, for example in the form of a small projection, which in the opened state (in the opening direction ) presses against the contact spring. In this way it can be ensured that at any time it is ensured that a mechanically connected break contact has a contact distance of at least 0.5 mm when a make contact is closed and vice versa. In addition, however, the actuator of the normally closed contact can also have a corresponding contact pressure projection.
Vorzugsweise ist zumindest eine der Kontaktfedern, besonders bevorzugt die Kontaktfeder des Ruhekontakts, als Doppelkontakt ausgebildet und weist zwei KontaktstĆ¼cke auf, die in einer geschlossenen Stellung an einem GegenkontaktstĆ¼ck anliegen. Dies ist bei einem Kontakt, Ć¼ber den Signale Ć¼bertragen werden sollen, Ć¼blicherweise also dem Ruhekontakt (NC-Kontakt), der in der Normalstellung des Relais geschlossen sein sollte, besonders vorteilhaft. Durch die Ausbildung als Doppelkontakt kann die Wahrscheinlichkeit erhƶht werden, dass ein fĆ¼r die SignalĆ¼bertragung ausreichender Kontakt zumindest eines der beiden KontaktstĆ¼cke mit dem GegenkontaktstĆ¼ck gegeben ist, beispielsweise falls an einem der KontaktstĆ¼cke eine Verschmutzung eine gute Kontaktierung zwischen den Kontakten verhindert. Bei einer einfachen Grundform des Relais reicht es aus, wenn die BetƤtiger so angeordnet sind, dass sie die jeweiligen Kontaktfedern in eine Richtung wegdrĆ¼cken kƶnnen, beispielsweise vom Gegenkontakt wegdrĆ¼cken kƶnnen. In der Gegenrichtung erfolgt die Bewegung der Kontaktfeder einfach durch die Vorspannung, die die jeweilige Kontaktfeder aufweist. Das heiƟt, die BetƤtiger arbeiten dann nur gegen die Vorspannung der Kontaktfeder und lassen diese einfach aufgrund der eigenen Vorspannung in eine Ausgangsposition, beispielsweise den geschlossenen Zustand des jeweiligen Kontakts, zurĆ¼ckkommen. Diese Konstruktion, bei der der BetƤtiger nur von einer Seite an den Kontaktfedern angreift, hat den Vorteil einer einfacheren Montage des Relais. Preferably, at least one of the contact springs, particularly preferably the contact spring of the normally closed contact, is designed as a double contact and has two contact pieces which rest in a closed position on a mating contact piece. This is particularly advantageous in the case of a contact via which signals are to be transmitted, that is to say usually the normally closed contact (NC contact), which should be closed in the normal position of the relay. Due to the design as a double contact, the probability can be increased that sufficient for the signal transmission contact at least one of the two contact pieces is provided with the mating contact piece, for example, if contamination prevents good contact between the contacts on one of the contact pieces. In a simple basic form of the relay, it is sufficient if the actuators are arranged so that they can push away the respective contact springs in one direction, for example, can push away from the mating contact. In the opposite direction, the movement of the contact spring is effected simply by the bias voltage having the respective contact spring. That is, the actuators then work only against the bias of the contact spring and let them simply return due to their own bias in an initial position, for example, the closed state of the respective contact. This construction, in which the actuator engages only one side of the contact springs, has the advantage of easier installation of the relay.
GrundsƤtzlich ist es aber auch mƶglich, die BetƤtiger gabelfƶrmig auszubilden, d. h. dass die dem BetƤtiger zugeordnete Kontaktfeder von dem BetƤtiger von zumindest drei Seiten umgriffen wird. Bei solchen BetƤtigern kann auch das SchlieƟen eines Kontakts unterstĆ¼tzt bzw. initiiert werden, je nachdem, ob die Kontaktfeder eine bestimmte Vorspannung in eine Richtung hat. In principle, it is also possible to form the actuator fork-shaped, d. H. that the contact spring associated with the actuator is encompassed by the actuator of at least three sides. In such actuators, the closing of a contact can be assisted or initiated, depending on whether the contact spring has a certain bias in one direction.
Um die Montage des Relais zu vereinfachen und somit auch kostengĆ¼nstiger zu machen, weist der Grundkƶrper vorzugsweise Rastelemente auf, um das Spulensystem am oder im Grundkƶrper zu verrasten. Der Spulenkƶrper kann entsprechende, damit zusammenwirkende Gegenrastmittel aufweisen oder die Rastelemente werden einfach durch FlƤchen bzw. Kanten des Spulensystems, beispielsweise des Spulenkƶrpers oder der PolflƤchen des Jochs, gebildet. Ebenso kann vorteilhafterweise der Anker mit beispielsweise einem Ankerlagerzapfen im Ankerlager des Grundkƶrpers verrastet werden. In order to simplify the assembly of the relay and thus also to make it cheaper, the body preferably has locking elements in order to lock the coil system on or in the base body. The bobbin may have corresponding, cooperating counter-locking means or the locking elements are simply formed by surfaces or edges of the coil system, for example, the bobbin or the pole faces of the yoke. Likewise, advantageously, the anchor can be latched with, for example, an anchor bearing journal in the anchor bearing of the body.
Besonders bevorzugt weist das Relais einen GehƤusedeckel auf, welcher mit dem Grundkƶrper zur Bildung eines geschlossenen GehƤuses verbindbar ist. Dabei weist auch der GehƤusedeckel Rastelemente und der Grundkƶrper damit zusammenwirkende Gegenrastmittel auf, um den GehƤusedeckel mit dem Grundkƶrper einfach zu verrasten und so eine schnelle, einfache, kostengĆ¼nstige Montage zu ermƶglichen. Vorzugsweise weist der GehƤusedeckel innenseitig auch Gegenlagerelemente auf, um den Anker im Ankerlager des Grundkƶrpers zu halten. Diese Gegenlagerelemente blockieren den Anker dann bezĆ¼glich eines Rausrutschens aus dem Ankerlager. Particularly preferably, the relay has a housing cover, which is connectable to the base body to form a closed housing. In this case, the housing cover locking elements and the main body cooperating counter-locking means to easily lock the housing cover to the body and thus to allow a quick, easy, inexpensive installation. Preferably, the housing cover on the inside also counter bearing elements to hold the anchor in the anchor bearing of the body. These counter-bearing elements then block the anchor from slipping out of the anchor bearing.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden unter Hinweis auf die beigefĆ¼gten Figuren anhand von AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispielen noch einmal nƤher erlƤutert. Es zeigen: eine Sprengzeichnung des Grundkƶrpers (mit stationƤren Gegenkontakten), des Spulensystems und des Ankers eines ersten AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemƤƟen Relais, eine perspektivische Ansicht mit einem Teilschnitt durch das Spulensystem des Relais nach Figur 1 , eine Sprengzeichnung des Ankers des Relais nach Figur 1 , eine Sprengzeichnung des Grundkƶrpers, Spulensystems und Ankers des Relais nach Figur 1 , jedoch nun mit Anker und Spulensystem im zusammengeschobenen Zustand, eine Sprengzeichnung des Grundkƶrpers, Spulensystems und Ankers des Relais nach Figur 1 , jedoch nun mit Anker und Spulensystem im Grundkƶrper und mit den Kontaktfedern vor der Montage in den Grundkƶrper, eine Draufsicht auf das Relais gemƤƟ den Figuren 1 bis 5 (bei geƶffnetem GehƤusedeckel), eine perspektivische Frontansicht des Relais gemƤƟ den Figuren 1 bis 6 in einem ersten Schaltzustand (mit geschlossenem Ruhekontakt) mit einem daneben angeordneten GehƤusedeckel fĆ¼r das Relais, eine perspektivische Frontansicht des Relais gemƤƟ den Figuren 1 bis 6 in einem zweiten Schaltzustand (mit geschlossenem Arbeitskontakt), hier ohne GehƤusedeckel dargestellt, eine perspektivische Frontansicht eines zweiten AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemƤƟen Relais, hier ohne GehƤusedeckel, The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying figures with reference to embodiments. Show it: an exploded view of the body (with stationary mating contacts), the coil system and the armature of a first embodiment of a relay according to the invention, a perspective view with a partial section through the coil system of the relay of Figure 1, an exploded view of the armature of the relay of Figure 1, an exploded view of Main body, coil system and armature of the relay of Figure 1, but now with armature and coil system in the collapsed state, an exploded view of the body, coil system and armature of the relay of Figure 1, but now with armature and coil system in the main body and with the contact springs prior to assembly in the main body, a plan view of the relay according to Figures 1 to 5 (with the housing cover open), a front perspective view of the relay according to Figures 1 to 6 in a first switching state (with closed normally closed contact) with a housing cover arranged adjacent to the relay, a p Erspectische front view of the relay according to Figures 1 to 6 in a second switching state (with a closed contact), here shown without housing cover, a front perspective view of a second embodiment of a relay according to the invention, here without housing cover,
Figur 10 eine schematische Darstellung des Spulensystems und des Ankers eines Relais nach den Figuren 1 bis 8 oder nach Figur 9, Figur 1 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Spulensystems und eines Ankers eines Relais gemƤƟ einem dritten AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiel. 10 shows a schematic representation of the coil system and the armature of a relay according to FIGS. 1 to 8 or according to FIG. 9, FIG. Figure 1 1 is a schematic representation of a coil system and an armature of a relay according to a third embodiment.
Anhand der Figuren 1 bis 8 sowie 10 wird nun zunƤchst ein erstes bevorzugtes AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemƤƟen Relais 1 beschrieben, wobei dieses Relais 1 als Sicherheitsrelais mit einem Arbeitskontakt A und einem Ruhekontakt R ausgebildet ist. Wie Ć¼blich, ist im unerregten bzw. nicht energetisierten Zustand der Spule (also ohne Stromfluss) das Relais in einem ersten Schaltzustand P1 (siehe Figur 7), in dem der Ruhekontakt geschlossen ist (Normally Closed) und der Arbeitskontakt A offen ist (Normally Open). In diesem Zustand ist durch die Bauweise dafĆ¼r gesorgt, dass das KontaktstĆ¼ck 55 der Kontaktfeder 51 des Arbeitskontakts auch in einem Fehlerfall gemƤƟ IEC 61810-3 einen Mindestabstand von 0,5 mm zum KontaktstĆ¼ck 64 des Gegenkontakts 60 aufweist. A first preferred exemplary embodiment of the relay 1 according to the invention will now first be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8 and 10, this relay 1 being designed as a safety relay with a normally open contact A and a normally closed contact R. As usual, in the unenergized or non-energized state of the coil (ie without current flow), the relay in a first switching state P1 (see Figure 7), in which the normally closed contact is closed (Normally Closed) and the normally open contact A (Normally Open ). In this state, the design ensures that the contact piece 55 of the contact spring 51 of the normally open contact has a minimum distance of 0.5 mm to the contact piece 64 of the mating contact 60 even in the event of a fault according to IEC 61810-3.
Wie insbesondere aus der Sprengzeichnung in Figur 1 hervorgeht, gehƶren neben den Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 des Arbeitskontakts A und des Ruhekontakts R zu den Hauptkomponenten dieses Relais 1 ein Grundkƶrper 10, in welchem alle anderen weiteren Komponenten montiert werden, ein Spulensystem 20 (auch als Spulenbaugruppe bezeichnet) und ein damit beweglich gekoppelter Anker 30, welcher zwei BetƤtiger 36, 37 aufweist, mit denen die Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 des Arbeitskontakts A und des Ruhekontakts R betƤtigt werden kƶnnen. 1, in addition to the contact springs 51, 53 of the normally open contact A and the normally closed contact R to the main components of this relay 1, a base body 10 in which all other other components are mounted, a coil system 20 (also known as coil assembly and an armature 30 movably coupled thereto, which has two actuators 36, 37 with which the contact springs 51, 53 of the normally open contact A and the normally closed contact R can be actuated.
Anhand der Figurenabfolge in den Figuren 1 , 4 und 5 ist auƟerdem ersichtlich, wie diese Komponenten zur Herstellung eines Relais 1 zusammenmontiert werden kƶnnen. It is also apparent from the sequence of figures in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5 how these components can be assembled together to produce a relay 1.
Hierzu werden zunƤchst in den Grundkƶrper 10 in entsprechende DurchbrĆ¼che 18 an zwei Ecken des Grundkƶrpers 10 die stationƤren Gegenkontakte 60, 61 des Arbeitskontakts und des Ruhekontakts mit ihren Anschlussbeinchen 63 (im Folgenden Terminals 63 genannt) eingesteckt und fixiert. In einem spƤteren Prozessschritt werden sie zur stƤrkeren Fixierung zusƤtzlich vergossen, beispielsweise mit Epoxy-Vergussmittel. Diese stationƤren Gegenkontakte 60, 61 sind L-fƶrmig ausgebildet, wobei die langen L-Schenkel die Terminals 63 bilden, und weisen (als kurze L-Schenkel) obenseitig zu einer mittleren LƤngsachse des Grundkƶrpers 10 abgewinkelte Gegenkontaktabschnitte 62 auf, die in etwa, bevorzugt exakt, waagerecht liegen und an ihrer Oberseite mit GegenkontaktstĆ¼cken 64 versehen sind. Diese GegenkontaktstĆ¼cke 64 sind beispielsweise aus einer Silberlegierung gefertigt, die am Gegenkontaktabschnitt 62 vernietet oder verschweiƟt sein kƶnnen. Der Grundkƶrper 10 weist dann den in Figur 1 dargestellten Zustand auf. AnschlieƟend werden das Spulensystem 20 und der Anker 30 in die passende Position zueinander gebracht und, wie dies in Figur 4 dargestellt ist, im Grundkƶrper 10 montiert, was, wie nachfolgend noch erlƤutert wird, durch eine einfache Verrastung erfolgen kann. For this purpose, the stationary mating contacts 60, 61 of the normally open contact and the normally closed contact with their connection pins 63 (hereinafter referred to as terminals 63) are first inserted and fixed in the base body 10 in corresponding apertures 18 at two corners of the base body 10. In a later process step, they are additionally encapsulated for stronger fixation, for example with epoxy encapsulants. These stationary mating contacts 60, 61 are L-shaped, wherein the long L-legs form the terminals 63, and have (as short L-legs) on the upper side to a central longitudinal axis of the base body 10 angled counter contact portions 62, which are approximately, preferably exactly, horizontally and are provided on their upper side with mating contact pieces 64. These counter contact pieces 64 are made for example of a silver alloy, which can be riveted or welded to the mating contact portion 62. The main body 10 then has the state shown in Figure 1. Subsequently, the coil system 20 and the armature 30 are brought into the appropriate position to each other and, as shown in Figure 4, mounted in the base body 10, which, as will be explained below, can be done by a simple latching.
Der Aufbau des Spulensystems ist in Figur 2 genauer dargestellt. Wie in dem dort gezeigten Teilschnitt erkennbar ist, wird ein Joch aus Weicheisen zunƤchst in einem Spritzgussverfahren mit Kunststoff umspritzt, wobei die Spritzform so geformt ist, dass der Spulenkƶrper 21 trommelartig mit einem mittleren in LƤngsrichtung des Jochs 25 verlaufenden Spulenkƶrper-Kern 22 und zwei endseitigen Spulenkƶrper-Flanschen 23 ausgebildet ist, wobei jeweils die Endabschnitte des Jochs 25 aus den Spulenkƶrper-Flanschen 23 herausragen. Die oberen und unteren FlƤchen der freistehenden Endabschnitte des Jochs 25 bilden die PolflƤchen des Jochs 25. AnschlieƟend wird die Spule 24 auf den Spulenkƶrper-Kern 22 zwischen die Spulenkƶrper-Flansche 23 gewickelt. Die Spulenkƶrperflansche 23 weisen auƟenseitig jeweils AnschlussstĆ¼cke auf, welche SpulenanschlussdrƤhte 27 halten, mit der eine elektrische Kontaktierung der Spulenwicklung mƶglich ist. Im Grundkƶrper 10 befinden sich entsprechende Lƶcher in der BasisflƤche BF bzw. Basisplatte, durch die die Enden dieser SpulenanschlussdrƤhte 27 hindurchgesteckt werden, um sie mit entsprechenden AnschlĆ¼ssen einer Schaltung auf einer Platine zu verbinden. The structure of the coil system is shown in more detail in FIG. As can be seen in the partial section shown there, a yoke made of soft iron is first encapsulated in an injection molding with plastic, the injection mold is shaped so that the bobbin 21 drum-like with a central in the longitudinal direction of the yoke 25 extending bobbin core 22 and two end Spool flanges 23 is formed, wherein in each case the end portions of the yoke 25 protrude from the bobbin flanges 23. The upper and lower surfaces of the free-standing end portions of the yoke 25 constitute the pole faces of the yoke 25. Then, the coil 24 is wound on the bobbin core 22 between the bobbin flanges 23. The bobbin flanges 23 have, on the outside, in each case connecting pieces which hold coil connection wires 27, with which an electrical contacting of the coil winding is possible. In the base body 10 are corresponding holes in the base surface BF or base plate through which the ends of these coil leads 27 are inserted so as to connect them to corresponding terminals of a circuit on a circuit board.
Bei diesem Aufbau ist dafĆ¼r gesorgt, dass die Mittelachse des Jochs 25 gleichzeitig die Wickelachse WA der Spule 24 ist, d. h. das Joch 25 verlƤuft zentral durch die Spule 24. In this structure, it is ensured that the center axis of the yoke 25 is at the same time the winding axis WA of the coil 24, d. H. the yoke 25 passes centrally through the coil 24.
Der passende Anker 30 hierzu weist entsprechende Polschuhe 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d auf, die im montierten Zustand jeweils an den PolflƤchen des Jochs 25 anliegen oder von diesen Ć¼ber einen definierten Luftabstand beabstandet sind, je nach Stellung des Ankers 30 relativ zum Spulensystem 20, also je nach Schaltzustand P1 , P2 des Relais 1 . The matching armature 30 for this purpose has corresponding pole pieces 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, which abut in the mounted state in each case on the pole faces of the yoke 25 or are spaced therefrom by a defined air gap, depending on the position of the armature 30 relative to the coil system 20, So depending on the switching state P1, P2 of the relay 1.
Zur Ausbildung dieser Polschuhe 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d weist der Anker zwei U-fƶrmige Weicheisen-KernstĆ¼cke 33 auf, welche zur Bildung eines Ankerkƶrpers 31 in einem Spritzgussverfahren mit Kunststoff umspritzt wurden. Dies ist in Figur 3 besonders gut erkennbar. Diese Weicheisen-KernstĆ¼cke 33 sind U-fƶrmig ausgebildet und werden so zueinander angeordnet, dass ihre U-Stege 33u und U-Schenkel parallel verlaufen. Auf der in der montierten Position zum Spulensystem 20 weisenden Seite sind in dem Ankerkƶrper 31 beim Einspritzen zwei KavitƤten 35 verblieben, in welche Permanentmagnete 34 eingeklebt werden kƶnnen. Diese KavitƤten 35 weisen eine Breite auf, die dem Abstand zwischen den beiden U-fƶrmigen Eisen-KernstĆ¼cken 33 entspricht. Die U-Schenkel sind vorzugsweise jeweils unterschiedlich hoch und die beiden U-fƶrmigen Eisen-KernstĆ¼cke 33 sind dabei so angeordnet, dass immer ein kĆ¼rzerer U-Schenkel als kĆ¼rzerer Polschuh 33c, 33b einem lƤngeren U-Schenkel als lƤngerer Polschuh 33a, 33d gegenĆ¼berliegt. To form these pole pieces 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, the armature has two U-shaped soft iron core pieces 33, which have been encapsulated with plastic to form an anchor body 31 in an injection molding process. This is particularly clearly visible in FIG. These soft iron core pieces 33 are U-shaped and are arranged to each other so that their U-webs 33u and U-legs are parallel. On the side facing the coil system 20 in the mounted position, two cavities 35 remain in the anchor body 31 during injection, into which permanent magnets 34 can be glued. These cavities 35 have a width which is the distance between the two U-shaped iron core pieces 33 corresponds. The U-legs are preferably each of different heights and the two U-shaped iron core pieces 33 are arranged so that always a shorter U-leg as a shorter pole piece 33c, 33b a longer U-leg as a longer pole piece 33a, 33d opposite.
In der montierten Position liegen an zwei sich diagonal gegenĆ¼berliegenden PolflƤchen des Jochs 25 des Spulensystems 20 jeweils ein lƤngerer Polschuh 33a, 33d und an den anderen sich diagonal gegenĆ¼berliegenden PolflƤchen jeweils ein kĆ¼rzerer Polschuh 33b, 33c des Ankers 30 einander gegenĆ¼ber. Dieses Prinzip ist auch noch einmal in Figur 10 gut erkennbar. In the mounted position are on two diagonally opposite pole faces of the yoke 25 of the coil system 20 each have a longer pole piece 33a, 33d and at the other diagonally opposite pole faces each have a shorter pole piece 33b, 33c of the armature 30 facing each other. This principle is also clearly recognizable once again in FIG.
Durch am Ankerkƶrper 31 angespritzte Ankerlagerzapfen 32a, 32b (siehe Figuren 1 und 3) sowie durch entsprechende Positionierung von Ankerlagerausschnitten 12a, 12b eines Ankerlagers 12 im Grundkƶrper 10 wird eine Ankerlagerachse AA definiert, welche genau die Mittelachse des Jochs 25 - welche wie gesagt der Wickelachse WA der Spule 24 entspricht - schneidet. Auch dies ist in Figur 10 schematisch gut erkennbar. Die spezielle Anordnung der Ankerlagerachse AA zur Wickelachse WA bzw. Mittelachse des Jochs 25 sorgt hier sicher fĆ¼r eine gleichzeitige Anlage der diagonal gegenĆ¼berliegenden Kanten der AnkerpolflƤchen am Joch 25. By anchored to the anchor body 31 anchor bearing pin 32a, 32b (see Figures 1 and 3) and by appropriate positioning of armature bearing 12a, 12b of an armature bearing 12 in the base body 10 an armature bearing axis AA is defined, which exactly the central axis of the yoke 25 - which, as said the winding axis WA corresponds to the coil 24 - cuts. This is also clearly visible in FIG. The special arrangement of the armature bearing axis AA to the winding axis WA or central axis of the yoke 25 ensures here for a simultaneous investment of the diagonally opposite edges of AnkerpolflƤchen the yoke 25th
Dieses Magnetsystem (bestehend aus Spulensystem 20 und Anker 30) hat also vier Ar- beits-Luftspalte. Die langen Polschuhe 33a, 33d sind dabei so angeordnet, dass in der in Figur 7 dargestellten Schaltstellung P1 , in der die Spule 24 nicht von Strom durchflƶssen wird, also der Ruhekontakt R geschlossen ist, diese Polschuhe 33a, 33d an den ihnen zugeordneten PolflƤchen des Jochs 25 anliegen. Dadurch wird in dieser Richtung eine besonders starke Anzugskraft erreicht. Wird die Spule 24 von Strom durchflƶssen, d. h. erregt, wird im Joch eine dem Dauermagnetfluss, welcher durch den magnetischen Fluss der Dauermagnete Ć¼ber die Ankereisen vorliegt, entgegengerichtete Polung erzeugt. Dadurch werden diese lƤngeren Polschuhe 33a, 33d abgestoƟen und die kĆ¼rzeren Polschuhe 33b, 33c von dem Joch 25 angezogen, wobei durch zusƤtzliche AbstandsflƤchen 26 auf den diesen kĆ¼rzeren Polschuhen 33b, 33c zugeordneten PolflƤchen des Jochs 25 dafĆ¼r gesorgt wird, dass der Magnetfluss noch etwas reduziert wird und die Anziehungskraft nicht ganz so stark ist wie im geschlossenen Zustand des Ruhekontakts R. Dies erleichtert ein RĆ¼ckschalten zum SchlieƟen des Ruhekontakts R. An den Ankerkƶrper 31 sind in LƤngsrichtung AL des Ankers 30 radial nach auƟen von der Ankerlagerachse AA weg zwei BetƤtiger 36, 37 in Form von kurzen stummelartigen BetƤtigerarmen angespritzt. Diese reichen so weit radial von der Ankerlagerachse AA nach auƟen weg, dass sie auƟenseitig Ć¼ber die Enden der U-fƶrmigen Eisen-KernstĆ¼cke 33 hinausragen, d. h. Ć¼ber die Stellen hinausragen, an denen die U-Schenkel vom U-Steg 33u abgewinkelt sind. Dadurch sind die BetƤtiger 36, 37 radial weiter von der Ankerlagerachse AA entfernt als die Polschuhe 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d. Wie aus den Figuren erkennbar ist, sorgt dies dafĆ¼r, dass bei einer Verkippung des Ankers 30 um einen relativ kleineren Weg bzw. Ankerhub im Bereich der Polschuhe 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d ein relativ dazu grĆ¶ĆŸerer Weg bzw. Ankerhub im Bereich der BetƤtiger 36, 37 Ć¼berstrichen wird und somit der Hub, mit dem die BetƤtiger 36, 37 die Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 bewegen kƶnnen, und folglich ein Abstand zwischen den Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 zu den GegenkontaktstĆ¼cken 64 der ortsfesten Gegenkontakte 60, 61 trotz der sehr geringen, flachen Bauhƶhe des gesamten Relais 1 relativ groƟ sein kann. This magnet system (consisting of coil system 20 and armature 30) thus has four working air gaps. The long pole shoes 33a, 33d are arranged so that in the switching position P1 illustrated in FIG. 7, in which the coil 24 is not flowed through, ie the normally closed contact R is closed, these pole shoes 33a, 33d are connected to their associated pole faces Yoke 25 lie. As a result, a particularly strong tightening force is achieved in this direction. If the coil 24 is traversed by current, ie excited, in the yoke, a polarity which is opposite to that of the permanent magnet flux, which is present through the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets via the armature iron, is generated. As a result, these longer pole pieces 33a, 33d are repelled and the shorter pole pieces 33b, 33c are attracted by the yoke 25, whereby additional pole faces 33b on the pole faces of the yoke 25 associated with these shorter pole pieces 33b, 33c ensure that the magnetic flux is still slightly reduced is and the attraction is not quite as strong as in the closed state of the normally closed contact R. This facilitates a switch back to closing the normally closed contact R. On the anchor body 31 are longitudinally AL of the armature 30 radially outwardly of the armature bearing axis AA away two actuators 36, 37 molded in the form of short stubby actuator arms. These extend so far radially outward from the armature bearing axis AA that they project beyond the ends of the U-shaped iron core pieces 33, ie protrude beyond the points at which the U-legs are angled away from the U-web 33u. As a result, the actuators 36, 37 are radially further away from the armature bearing axis AA than the pole pieces 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d. As can be seen from the figures, this ensures that with a tilting of the armature 30 by a relatively smaller travel or armature stroke in the region of the pole shoes 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, a relatively larger travel or armature stroke in the region of the actuators 36 , 37 and thus the stroke with which the actuators 36, 37, the contact springs 51, 53 can move, and thus a distance between the contact springs 51, 53 to the mating contact pieces 64 of the stationary mating contacts 60, 61 despite the very low, flat Height of the entire relay 1 can be relatively large.
Zum Verkoppeln des Spulensystems 20 und des Ankers 30 mit dem Grundkƶrper 10 und somit auch des Spulensystems 20 und des Ankers 30 zueinander weist der Grundkƶrper 10 auf einer BasisflƤche BF, mit welcher das Relais 1 spƤter im verbauten Zustand auf einer Platine oder dergleichen angeordnet werden kann und aus welcher die Terminals 63, 59 der verschiedenen Kontakte und die SpulenanschlĆ¼sse 27 der Spule herausragen, einen Rahmen 1 1 auf. In diesem Rahmen 1 1 sind das Spulensystem 20 und der Anker 30 im passend zusammengeschobenen Zustand, so dass die PolflƤchen der Polschuhe 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d passend vor den PolflƤchen des Jochs 25 liegen, exakt einpassbar. For coupling the coil system 20 and the armature 30 with the base body 10 and thus also of the coil system 20 and the armature 30 to each other, the base body 10 on a base surface BF, with which the relay 1 can be arranged later in the installed state on a board or the like and from which the terminals 63, 59 of the various contacts and the coil terminals 27 of the coil protrude, a frame 1 1 on. In this frame 1 1, the coil system 20 and the armature 30 in the suitably collapsed state, so that the pole faces of the pole pieces 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d are fitting in front of the pole faces of the yoke 25, exactly einpassbar.
Der Rahmen 1 1 weist hierzu zwei SeitenwƤnde 14 auf, in denen sich innenseitig Rastelemente 15 befinden, mit denen das Spulensystem 20 durch HineindrĆ¼cken zwischen die SeitenwƤnde 14 verrastet werden kann, wobei die Rastelemente in Form von Rastnasen auf die obere Randkante der Enden des Jochs 25 greifen. Diese Rastelemente 15 weisen unten jeweils exakte AnschlagflƤchen auf, auf denen das Joch 25 mit seinen unteren Randkanten aufliegt, so dass das gesamte Spulensystem 20 passend positioniert ist. The frame 1 1 has for this purpose two side walls 14 in which latching elements 15 are located on the inside, with which the coil system 20 can be latched by pushing between the side walls 14, wherein the locking elements in the form of locking lugs on the upper peripheral edge of the ends of the yoke 25th to grab. These locking elements 15 have below each exact stop surfaces on which rests the yoke 25 with its lower edges, so that the entire coil system 20 is positioned appropriately.
AuƟerdem weist dieser Rahmen 1 1 in den SeitenwƤnden 14 jeweils Schlitze 16 auf, durch welche die BetƤtiger 36, 37 des Ankers 30 hindurchragen kƶnnen. Eine an der in Figur 1 vorne liegende, die SeitenwƤnde 14 verbindende Vorderwand des Rahmens 1 1 weist an einer mittleren Position einen Ankerlagerausschnitt 12a auf, welcher den Teil des Ankerlagers 12 bildet, in dem der von den Polschuhen 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d weg weisende Anker- lagerzapfen 32a des Ankers 30 aufgenommen wird. Zur Lagerung des inneren, zwischen den Polschuhen 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d in Richtung des Spulensystems 20 weisenden Ankerlagenzapfens 32b befindet sich ein sich von der BasisflƤche BF des Grundkƶrpers 10 nach oben, parallel zur Frontwand des Rahmens 1 1 erstreckender Ankerlagersteg 13, in welchem ein entsprechender Ankerlagerausschnitt 12b des Ankerlagers 12 angeordnet ist. In addition, this frame 1 1 in the side walls 14 each have slots 16 through which the actuator 36, 37 of the armature 30 can protrude. One at the front in Figure 1, the side walls 14 connecting the front wall of the frame 1 1 has at an intermediate position on an armature bearing recess 12a, which forms the part of the armature bearing 12, in which the pole pieces 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d away pointing anchor bearing pin 32a of the armature 30 is received. For mounting the inner, between the pole pieces 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d in the direction of the coil system 20 facing anchor pin 32b is located from the base surface BF of the body 10 upwards, parallel to the front wall of the frame 1 1 extending armature bearing web 13, in which a corresponding armature bearing cut 12 b of the armature bearing 12 is arranged.
Wie dies in Figur 4 dargestellt ist, brauchen daher der Anker 30 und das Spulensystem 20 nur passend locker Ć¼bereinander gesteckt zu werden, und die gesamte Baugruppe kann gemeinsam im Rahmen 1 1 des Grundkƶpers 10 verrastet werden. Diese Position ist in Figur 5 dargestellt. Wie hier zu sehen ist, sind die BetƤtiger 36, 37 so lang, dass sie mit ihren Enden vor den oberen, kurzen L-Schenkeln der Gegenkontakte 60, 61 positioniert sind. Zur Abschirmung der Kontakte A, R gegenĆ¼ber dem Magnetsystem, d. h. dem Spulensystem 20 und dem Anker 30 bzw. dessen Magnetteilen, weisen die BetƤtiger 36, 37 in einem kurzen Abstand von den SeitenwƤnden 14 des Rahmens 1 1 des Grundkƶrpers 10 zu den auƟerhalb des Rahmens 1 1 befindlichen Gegenkontakten 60, 61 flƤchige Schildelemente 38 auf, die die Schlitze 16 fĆ¼r die BetƤtiger 36, 37 in den SeitenwƤnden 14 des Rahmens 1 1 abdecken. Somit werden die Isolationsstrecken (Luftstrecke und Kriechstrecke) zwischen den Kontakten A, R und den magnetischen Bauteilen und elektrischen Bauteilen des Spulensystems 20 und des Ankers 30 vergrĆ¶ĆŸert. As shown in Figure 4, therefore, the armature 30 and the coil system 20 need only fitting loose to be stacked on top of each other, and the entire assembly can be locked together in the frame 1 of the Grundkƶpers 10. This position is shown in FIG. As can be seen here, the actuators 36, 37 are so long that they are positioned with their ends in front of the upper, short L-legs of the mating contacts 60, 61. To shield the contacts A, R from the magnet system, d. H. the coil system 20 and the armature 30 or its magnetic parts, the actuators 36, 37 at a short distance from the side walls 14 of the frame 1 1 of the main body 10 to the outside of the frame 1 1 located mating contacts 60, 61 area shield elements 38, which cover the slots 16 for the actuators 36, 37 in the side walls 14 of the frame 1 1. Thus, the insulation distances (air gap and creepage distance) between the contacts A, R and the magnetic components and electrical components of the coil system 20 and the armature 30 are increased.
Wenn das Spulensystem 20 und der Anker 30, wie in Figur 5 dargestellt, montiert sind, werden die beweglichen Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 des Kontaktsystems 50 montiert. Die Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 sind hierzu an Federhaltern 59 befestigt, beispielsweise vernietet oder verschweiƟt, welche an ihrem unteren, zum Grundkƶrper 10 weisenden Ende jeweils als Terminals 59p bzw. Pins 59p (Ƥhnlich den Terminals 63 der Gegenkontakte 60, 61 ) ausgebildet sind. Im Grundkƶrper 10 befinden sich gegenĆ¼ber den Aussparungen 18 zum Einstecken der stationƤren Gegenkontakte 60, 61 befindlichen Ecken jeweils entsprechende Aussparungen 17, durch die die Terminals 59p hindurchgesteckt und gleichzeitig im Grundkƶrper 10 fixiert werden kƶnnen. In einem spƤteren Prozessschritt werden auch sie zur stƤrkeren Fixierung, beispielsweise mit Epoxy-Vergussmittel, zusƤtzlich vergossen. Die Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 sind jeweils, genau wie die Gegenkontakte 60, 61 , L-fƶrmig aufgebaut, wobei hier jedoch der obere L-Schenkel erheblich lƤnger ist als der am Federhalter 59 befestigte L-Schenkel. D. h. obenseitig von dem Terminal 59 erstreckt sich hier jeweils ein Federabschnitt 52, 54, an dem endseitig in Richtung der Gegenkontakte 60, 61 (d. h. in Figur 5 jeweils auf der Unterseite der Enden der Kontaktfedern 51 , 53) jeweils ein KontaktstĆ¼ck 55, 58 angeordnet ist, welches zur Kontaktierung mit dem Gegenkontakt- stĆ¼ck 64 des jeweiligen Gegenkontakts 60, 61 vorgesehen ist. Die KontaktstĆ¼cke 55, 58 kƶnnen ebenso wie die GegenkontaktstĆ¼cke 64 beispielsweise aus einer Silberlegierung gefertigt sein und kƶnnen mit dem jeweiligen Ende der Kontaktfeder 51 , 53 vernietet oder verschwei t sein. When the coil system 20 and the armature 30 are mounted as shown in Fig. 5, the movable contact springs 51, 53 of the contact system 50 are mounted. For this purpose, the contact springs 51, 53 are fastened to spring holders 59, for example riveted or welded, which are each formed as terminals 59p or pins 59p (similar to the terminals 63 of the mating contacts 60, 61) at their lower end facing the main body 10. In the base body 10 are located opposite the recesses 18 for inserting the stationary mating contacts 60, 61 located corners respectively corresponding recesses 17 through which the terminals 59 p inserted through and can be fixed in the base body 10 at the same time. In a later process step, they are additionally encapsulated for stronger fixation, for example with epoxy encapsulant. The contact springs 51, 53 are each, just like the mating contacts 60, 61, constructed L-shaped, in which case, however, the upper L-leg is considerably longer than the L-leg attached to the spring holder 59. Ie. On the top side of the terminal 59 there extends in each case a spring section 52, 54, at the end in the direction of the mating contacts 60, 61 (ie in each case on the underside of the ends of the contact springs 51, 53) Contact piece 55, 58 is arranged, which is provided for contacting with the mating contact piece 64 of the respective mating contact 60, 61. The contact pieces 55, 58, as well as the mating contact pieces 64 may be made for example of a silver alloy and may be riveted or verschwei t with the respective end of the contact spring 51, 53.
In dem hier beschriebenen ersten AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemƤƟen Relais 1 weist die Kontaktfeder 51 des Arbeitskontakts A ein relativ groƟes KontaktstĆ¼ck 55 auf, das an einer endseitig am Federabschnitt 52 angeordneten Verbreiterung befestigt ist. Die Kontaktfeder 53 des Ruhekontakts R weist dagegen endseitig an ihrem Federabschnitt 54 eine geteilte KontaktflƤche 56 mit zwei kleineren KontaktstĆ¼cken 58 (kleiner als das KontaktstĆ¼ck 55 der Kontaktfeder 51 des Arbeitskontakts A) auf, indem in LƤngsrichtung des Federabschnitts 54 vom Ende her ein Schlitz 57 verlƤuft. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass der Ruhekontakt R im geschlossenen Zustand mit hƶherer Sicherheit einen ausreichenden Kontakt zum GegenkontaktstĆ¼ck 64 hƤlt, um eine Signalleitung zu ermƶglichen. Ā In the first embodiment of a relay 1 according to the invention described here, the contact spring 51 of the normally-open contact A has a relatively large contact piece 55, which is attached to a widening arranged at the end on the spring section 52. The contact spring 53 of the normally closed contact R, however, has at its end on its spring portion 54 a split contact surface 56 with two smaller contact pieces 58 (smaller than the contact piece 55 of the contact spring 51 of the normally-open contact A) by a slot 57 extends in the longitudinal direction of the spring portion 54 from the end , This has the advantage that the normally closed contact R in the closed state with a high degree of safety maintains sufficient contact with the mating contact piece 64 in order to enable a signal line.
Die LƤngsrichtung der beiden Federabschnitte 52, 54 der Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 ist die Haupterstreckungsrichtung HR der Kontaktfedern 51 , 53. Sie verlƤuft hier, wie dies insbesondere aus Figur 6 zu sehen ist, nahezu parallel zur Ankerlagerachse AA des Ankers 30 und senkrecht zur Wickelachse WA des Spulensystems 20. Wie hier zu sehen ist, verlƤuft die LƤngsachse des Ankers AL parallel zur Wickelachse WA der Spule 24 des Spulensystems 20. Alle benannten LƤngsachsen bzw. Haupterstreckungsrichtungen verlaufen also im Wesentlichen flach oberhalb der BasisflƤche BF des Grundkƶrpers 10, wodurch sich die besonders flache Ausgestaltung des Relais 1 ergibt. Es ist klar, dass die Federabschnitte 52, 54 je nach Stellung des betreffenden Kontakts A, R, d. h. ob der betreffende Kontakt A, R geschlossen oder offen ist, von dieser Haupterstreckungsrichtung HR ein wenig abweichen, d. h. nicht exakt parallel zur Ankerlagerachse AA verlaufen und nach oben oder unten in Bezug zur BasisflƤche BF des Grundkƶrpers 10 weggebogen sein kƶnnen. Jedoch ist die Federbewegungsebene FB, innerhalb derer jeweils der flexible Federabschnitt 52, 54 der betreffenden Kontaktfeder 51 , 53 bei einer BetƤtigung bewegt wird, im Wesentlichen senkrecht auf dieser BasisflƤche BF und parallel zur Ankerlagerachse AA bzw. im Wesentlichen auch senkrecht zur Wickelachse WA der Spule 24 des Spulensystems. Diese Bewegungsebene FB ist schematisch in Figur 8 einmal fĆ¼r den Arbeitskontakt A dargestellt. The longitudinal direction of the two spring sections 52, 54 of the contact springs 51, 53 is the main extension direction HR of the contact springs 51, 53. It runs here, as can be seen in particular from Figure 6, almost parallel to the armature bearing axis AA of the armature 30 and perpendicular to the winding axis WA of the coil system 20. As can be seen here, the longitudinal axis of the armature AL runs parallel to the winding axis WA of the coil 24 of the coil system 20. All named longitudinal axes or main extension directions thus extend substantially flat above the base surface BF of the main body 10, whereby the particular flat design of the relay 1 results. It is clear that the spring sections 52, 54, depending on the position of the relevant contact A, R, d. H. whether the relevant contact A, R is closed or open slightly deviate from this main extension direction HR, d. H. not exactly parallel to the armature bearing axis AA extend and may be bent away upwards or downwards with respect to the base surface BF of the main body 10. However, the spring movement plane FB, within which each of the flexible spring portion 52, 54 of the respective contact spring 51, 53 is moved upon actuation, substantially perpendicular to this base surface BF and parallel to the armature bearing axis AA or substantially perpendicular to the winding axis WA of the coil 24 of the coil system. This movement plane FB is shown schematically in Figure 8 once for the normally open contact A.
Wie aus den Figuren 5 bis 7 gut erkennbar ist, sind die Federabschnitte 52, 54 so ausgebildet und die Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 so positioniert, dass sie die BetƤtiger 36, 37 an den Enden des Ankers 30 jeweils von oben Ć¼berbrĆ¼cken. Das heiƟt, die BetƤtiger 36, 37 drĆ¼cken bei einer BetƤtigung von unten gegen die jeweiligen Federabschnitte 52, 54. As can be clearly seen from FIGS. 5 to 7, the spring sections 52, 54 are formed and the contact springs 51, 53 are positioned so that they engage the actuators 36, 37 on the Bridge each end of the armature 30 from above. That is, the actuators 36, 37 press against the respective spring sections 52, 54 when actuated from below.
In dem in Figur 7 dargestelltenā€žNormalzustand" des Relais, d. h. ohne dass Strom durch die Spule 24 flieƟt, befindet sich der Anker 30 in einer derart gekippten Stellung, dass der Ruhekontakt R geschlossen ist, d. h. der BetƤtiger 37 auf der Seite des Ruhekontakts R ist nach unten und der BetƤtiger 36 auf der Seite des Arbeitskontakts nach oben gekippt. Um beim Arbeitskontakt A dafĆ¼r zu sorgen, dass der Kontaktabstand zwischen dem Ge- genkontaktstĆ¼ck 64 des Gegenkontakts 60 und dem KontaktstĆ¼ck 55 der Kontaktfeder 51 groƟ genug ist, weist der BetƤtiger 36 an seiner Oberseite genau unterhalb des Federabschnitts 52 im montierten Zustand eine kleine Erhebung 39 zur Bildung eines Andruck- Vorsprungs 39 auf, so dass der Federabschnitt 52 in dem in Figur 7 dargestellten Normalzustand noch weiter von dem GegenkontaktstĆ¼ck 64 des Gegenkontakts 60 abgehoben wird. Der Mindestabstand betrƤgt dann hier, auch im Fehlerfall gemƤƟ IEC 61810-3, 0,5 mm. Beide Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 bzw. deren Federabschnitte 52, 54 sind so ausgebildet, dass sie eine Vorspannung aufweisen, die dafĆ¼r sorgt, dass die KontaktstĆ¼cke 55, 58 der Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 ohne ƤuƟere Kraft, d. h. ohne dass ein BetƤtiger 36, 37 auf die Federabschnitte 52, 54 wirken wĆ¼rde, jeweils gegen die GegenkontaktstĆ¼cke 64 der Gegenkontakte 60, 61 gedrĆ¼ckt wĆ¼rden. In the illustrated in Figure 7 "normal state" of the relay, ie without current flowing through the coil 24, the armature 30 is in such a tilted position that the normally closed contact R is closed, ie the actuator 37 on the side of the normally closed contact R. is downwards and the actuator 36 on the side of the normally open contact is tilted upwards, to make sure that the contact distance between the contact piece A of the counter contact 60 and the contact piece 55 of the contact spring 51 is large enough, the actuator points 36 on its upper side just below the spring portion 52 in the mounted state, a small elevation 39 for forming a pressure projection 39, so that the spring portion 52 is lifted in the normal state shown in Figure 7 still further from the mating contact piece 64 of the mating contact 60th Der Minimum clearance is then 0.5 mm, even in the event of a fault according to IEC 61810-3 Ren spring portions 52, 54 are formed so that they have a bias, which ensures that the contact pieces 55, 58 of the contact springs 51, 53 without external force, d. H. without an actuator 36, 37 would act on the spring portions 52, 54, respectively, would be pressed against the mating contact pieces 64 of the mating contacts 60, 61.
Figur 8 zeigt das Relais in einer zweiten Schaltstellung P2, bei der die Spule 24 bestromt wird, wodurch das Magnetfeld des Jochs 25 umgepolt und der Anker 30 somit in eine Stellung verkippt wurde, indem der BetƤtiger 37 die Kontaktfeder 53 des Ruhekontakts R vom Gegenkontakt 61 abhebt und somit den Ruhekontakt R ƶffnet, wobei gleichzeitig die Kontaktfeder 51 des Arbeitskontakts A aufgrund ihrer Vorspannung den ihr zugeordneten Gegenkontakt 61 kontaktiert und somit der Arbeitskontakt A geschlossen wird. Der Abstand zwischen den KontaktstĆ¼cken auf Seiten des Ruhekontakts R betrƤgt dann, auch im Fehlerfall gemƤƟ IEC 61810-3, mindestens 0,5 mm. Figure 8 shows the relay in a second switching position P2, in which the coil 24 is energized, whereby the magnetic field of the yoke 25 is reversed and the armature 30 was thus tilted to a position by the actuator 37, the contact spring 53 of the normally closed contact R from the mating contact 61st lifts and thus opens the normally closed contact R, wherein at the same time the contact spring 51 of the normally open contact A due to their bias contacted their associated mating contact 61 and thus the normally open contact A is closed. The distance between the contact pieces on the side of the normally closed contact R is then at least 0.5 mm, even in the event of a fault according to IEC 61810-3.
Die Anordnung der Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 in Bezug zu den BetƤtigern 36, 37 ist hier jeweils so gewƤhlt, dass im geschlossenen Zustand die Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 keine BerĆ¼hrung mit dem zugeordneten BetƤtiger 36, 37 haben, so dass auch bei einem Herunterbrennen der GegenkontaktstĆ¼cke64 immer noch eine sichere Kontaktierung mƶglich ist und nicht in der geschlossenen Stellung der BetƤtiger die jeweilige Kontaktfeder 51 , 53 doch von dem GegenkontaktstĆ¼ck 64 entfernt hƤlt. Wie in den Figuren 7 und 8 gezeigt ist, kann im fertig montierten Zustand aller Komponenten das Relais 1 schlieƟlich mit einem GehƤusedeckel 2 verschlossen werden. Dieser weist eine umlaufende Wand auf, deren InnenmaƟe an die AuƟenmaƟe des Grundkƶrpers 10 angepasst sind. Der Grundkƶrper 10 weist auƟen untenseitig in Richtung der BasisflƤche BF an seinen beiden LƤngsseiten jeweils zwei Rastausschnitte 19 auf, welche mit entsprechenden Rastnasen 3 an der Innenseite der Wand des GehƤusedeckels 2 zusammenwirken und mit denen der GehƤusedeckel 2 am Grundkƶrper 10 verrastet werden kann. An der Innenseite der Wand des GehƤusedeckels 2 befindet sich auƟerdem eine umlaufende Randkante 7 in einer passenden Hƶhe, so dass diese umlaufende Randkante 7 auf einer umlaufenden Randkante des Grundkƶrpers 10 zum Liegen kommt. The arrangement of the contact springs 51, 53 with respect to the actuators 36, 37 is here in each case chosen so that in the closed state, the contact springs 51, 53 have no contact with the associated actuator 36, 37, so that even with a burning down the GegenkontaktstĆ¼cke64 always still a secure contact is possible and not in the closed position of the actuator, the respective contact spring 51, 53 still keeps away from the mating contact piece 64. As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the relay 1 can finally be closed with a housing cover 2 in the assembled state of all components. This has a peripheral wall whose internal dimensions are adapted to the outer dimensions of the base body 10. The base body 10 has on the outside bottom side in the direction of the base surface BF on its two longitudinal sides in each case two locking cutouts 19 which cooperate with corresponding locking lugs 3 on the inside of the wall of the housing cover 2 and with which the housing cover 2 can be latched to the base body 10. On the inside of the wall of the housing cover 2 is also a peripheral edge 7 in a suitable height, so that this peripheral edge 7 comes to rest on a peripheral edge of the body 10.
An einer LƤngsseite befindet sich mittig an der AuƟenwand des GehƤusedeckels innen eine Aussparung 5, die an die Frontwand des Rahmens 1 1 des Grundkƶrpers 10 im Bereich des Ankerlagers 12 angepasst ist, so dass auch hier eine genaue Passung vorliegt. An dieser Seite erstreckt sich an der Innenwand des GehƤusedeckels 2 von der oberen Deckenwand des GehƤusedeckels 2 aus in Richtung dieser Aussparung 5 ein Steg 4, welcher als Gegenlagerelement fĆ¼r den Ankerlagerausschnitt 12a des Ankerlagers 12 dient und den Ankerlagerzapfen an der vom Spulensystem 20 weg weisenden Seite des Ankers 20 im entsprechenden Ankerlagerausschnitt 12a hƤlt. AuƟerdem weist der GehƤusedeckel 2 einen sich parallel zu den lƤngeren SeitenwƤnden in etwa im mittleren Bereich erstreckenden Steg 6 auf, der sich im montierten Zustand zwischen das Spulensystem 20 und den Anker 30 erstreckt und als Gegenlagerelement 6 fĆ¼r den Ankerlagerausschnitt 12b des Ankerlagers 12 zwischen dem Anker 30 und dem Spulensystem 20 dient. Somit sind beide Ankerlagerzapfen 32a, 32b sicher im Ankerlager 12 gehalten. Allerdings wƤre durch die besondere Konstruktion auch bei einem Ɩffnungsversagen ein Herausspringen des Ankers 30 aus dem Ankerlager 12 nicht mƶglich, da hier ja dafĆ¼r gesorgt wird, dass sich die Federabschnitte 52, 54 der Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 Ć¼ber die BetƤtiger 36, 37 brĆ¼ckenartig hinweg erstrecken und der Anker 30 mit den Ankerlagerzapfen 32a, 32b von oben in die Ankerlagerausschnitte 12a, 12b des Ankerlagers hineingerĆ¼ckt wird. Das heiƟt, das Ankerlager 12 und die Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 greifen von verschiedenen Seiten am Anker 30 an und sorgen somit fĆ¼r eine Stabilisierung. Wird nƤmlich der BetƤtiger 36, welcher sich bei einem Schalten der Spule 24 eigentlich ƶffnen sollte, durch eine verschweiƟte Kontaktfeder festgehalten, so wird andererseits der Anker 30 durch die Bestromung der Spule 24 magnetisch in eine Position gedrĆ¼ckt, in der der gegenĆ¼berliegende BetƤtiger 37 ebenfalls heruntergedrĆ¼ckt wird. Dies ergibt eine zusƤtzliche Sicherheit. In Figur 9 ist eine abgewandelte Variante des Relais 1 gemƤƟ den Figuren 1 bis 8 zu sehen. Das Spulensystem 20 und der Anker 30 mit seinen magnetischen Komponenten sind im Wesentlichen genauso aufgebaut wie bei den ersten AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispielen gemƤƟ den Figuren 1 bis 8. Jedoch sind hier die BetƤtiger 41 , 42 mit einem unteren Abschnitt 41 a, 42a und einem oberen Abschnitt 41 b, 42b und jeweils einem dazwischen in LƤngsrichtung AL des Ankers 30 verlaufenden Schlitz 41 s, 42s gabelfƶrmig aufgebaut. Die jeweilige Kontaktfeder 51 , 53 bzw. der Federabschnitt 52, 54 der Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 verlƤuft durch den jeweiligen Schlitz 41 s, 42s des ihr/ihm zugeordneten BetƤtigers 41 , 42. Diese Konstruktion macht es mƶglich, dass die Federabschnitte 52, 54 der Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 nicht nur gegen ihre eigene Vorspannung vom Gegenkontakt 60, 61 abgehoben werden, sondern auch jeweils durch den oberen Abschnitt 41 b, 42b des BetƤtigers 41 , 42 zum SchlieƟen nach unten gegen den Gegenkontakt 60, 61 gedrĆ¼ckt werden kƶnnen. Dies kann bei manchen Anwendungen sinnvoll sein, abhƤngig von der Vorspannung, die die Kontaktfedern 51 , 53 aufweisen sollen und welchem Zweck das Relais dienen soll. On a longitudinal side is centrally located on the outer wall of the housing cover inside a recess 5, which is adapted to the front wall of the frame 1 1 of the base body 10 in the region of the armature bearing 12, so that there is a precise fit here. On this side extends on the inner wall of the housing cover 2 from the upper ceiling wall of the housing cover 2 in the direction of this recess 5, a web 4, which serves as an abutment element for the armature bearing recess 12a of the armature bearing 12 and the armature journal on the side facing away from the coil system 20 side of the armature 20 in the corresponding armature bearing cutout 12a holds. In addition, the housing cover 2 has a parallel to the longer side walls approximately in the middle region extending web 6, which extends in the assembled state between the coil system 20 and the armature 30 and as an abutment member 6 for the armature bearing recess 12b of the armature bearing 12 between the armature 30 and the coil system 20 is used. Thus, both anchor bearing pins 32a, 32b are securely held in the armature bearing 12. However, would be by the special construction even with an opening failure jumping out of the armature 30 from the armature bearing 12 is not possible, since here it is ensured that the spring portions 52, 54 of the contact springs 51, 53 extend over the bridge 36, 37 like a bridge and the armature 30 with the armature bearing journals 32a, 32b is inserted from above into the armature bearing cutouts 12a, 12b of the armature bearing. That is, the armature bearing 12 and the contact springs 51, 53 engage from different sides of the armature 30 and thus provide for stabilization. Namely, the actuator 36, which should actually open when switching the coil 24, held by a welded contact spring, on the other hand, the armature 30 is magnetically pressed by the energization of the coil 24 in a position in which the opposite actuator 37 is also depressed becomes. This provides additional security. FIG. 9 shows a modified variant of the relay 1 according to FIGS. 1 to 8. The coil system 20 and the armature 30 with its magnetic components are constructed substantially the same as in the first embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 8. However, here are the actuators 41, 42 with a lower portion 41 a, 42 a and an upper portion 41 b , 42b and each one in between in the longitudinal direction AL of the armature 30 extending slot 41 s, 42s constructed fork-shaped. The respective contact spring 51, 53 or the spring portion 52, 54 of the contact springs 51, 53 passes through the respective slot 41 s, 42 s of the associated him / her actuator 41, 42. This construction makes it possible that the spring portions 52, 54 of Contact springs 51, 53 are lifted not only against their own bias from the mating contact 60, 61, but also by the upper portion 41 b, 42 b of the actuator 41, 42 can be pressed to close down against the mating contact 60, 61. This may be useful in some applications, depending on the bias that the contact springs 51, 53 should have and what purpose the relay should serve.
In diesem Fall ist auch das Ankerlager des Ankers 30 etwas anders aufgebaut. Anstatt der am Ankerkƶrper 31 angespritzten Ankerlagerzapfen 32a, 32b befindet sich nun im Ankerkƶrper 31 eine in Richtung der Ankerlagerachse AA durchlaufende Ankerlagerbohrung 32o. Ebenso befinden sich an der passenden Position im Rahmen 1 1 im mittigen Ankerlagersteg 13 (in Figur 9 nicht dargestellt) des Grundkƶrpers 10 Ankerlagerbohrungen 12o. Es wird dann ein Ankerlagerstift 32s, beispielsweise ein Metallbolzen, durch die Bohrungen hindurchgesteckt, um das Ankerlager zu realisieren. In this case, the anchor bearing of the armature 30 is constructed slightly differently. Instead of the anchored to the anchor body 31 anchor bearing pins 32a, 32b is now in the anchor body 31 in the direction of the armature bearing axis AA continuous anchor bearing bore 32o. Likewise located at the appropriate position in the frame 1 1 in the central anchor bearing web 13 (not shown in Figure 9) of the body 10 anchor bearing bores 12o. An armature bearing pin 32s, for example a metal pin, is then inserted through the bores to realize the armature bearing.
UnabhƤngig von der Ausgestaltung der BetƤtiger nach der zuvor genannten ersten Variante gemƤƟ den Figuren 1 bis 8 oder der zweiten Variante gemƤƟ Figur 9 kann auch der Anker 30 (bzw. das aus Anker 30 und Spulensystem 20 bestehende Magnetsystem) anders ausgestaltet sein. Dies ist anhand von Figur 1 1 schematisch dargestellt. Wie ein Vergleich mit Figur 10 zeigt, besteht ein wesentlicher Unterschied hier darin, dass der Anker 130 nicht H-fƶrmig mit zwei U-Eisen-KernstĆ¼cken aufgebaut ist, sondern nur ein solches z. B. U-fƶrmig gestaltetes Eisen-KernstĆ¼ck 133 aufweist. Das heiƟt, das Magnetsystem hat nur noch zwei Arbeitsluftspalte, und es liegt immer nur ein Polschuh 133a, 133b an der entsprechenden PolflƤche des Jochs 125 an. In dem vorliegend dargestellten Fall ist das Joch 125 so ausgeformt, dass es an den Enden jeweils vergrĆ¶ĆŸerte PolflƤchen aufweist. Im Prinzip ist aber das Magnetsystem 120 ansonsten in gleicher weise aufgebaut wie das Magnetsystem 20 gemƤƟ dem ersten AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiel, wie dies insbe- sondere im Zusammenhang mit Figur 2 erlƤutert wurde. D. h. das Joch 125 wird hier auch zur Bildung eines trommelartigen Spulenkƶrpers mit Kunststoff umspritzt und dann die Spule 124 in einem mittleren Bereich um das Joch bzw. den Spulenkƶrper herumgewickelt. Ebenso kann der Anker 130 durch Umspritzen des U-fƶrmigen Eisen-Kernteils 133 mit angeformten BetƤtigern 36, 37 in einem Kunststoffspritzverfahren hergestellt werden und es werden in entsprechende Kammern 35 die Permanentmagnete 34 eingesetzt. Da der Anker 133 nur noch zwei Polschuhe 133a, 133b aufweist, die nur noch von einer Seite, hier der Unterseite, an den PolflƤchen des Jochs 125 anliegen, kann hierbei die Ankerlagerachse AA' noch weiter nach unten versetzt werden, so dass sie in einem Abstand unterhalb der LƤngsachse des Jochs 125 bzw. der Wickelachse WA liegt. Das heiƟt, die Ankerlagerzapfen mĆ¼ssten dann entsprechend tiefer, jeweils auf der Hƶhe der Ankerlagerachse AA', welche das Weicheisen-Kernteil bzw. dessen MittellƤngsachse schneidet, versetzt angeordnet sein. Entsprechend muss der Grundkƶrper so ausgebildet sein, dass die Ankerlagerausschnitte des Ankerlagers in einem kĆ¼rzeren Abstand oberhalb der BasisflƤche BF liegen. Dieses weitere AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiel mit einem vereinfachten Anker 130 hat den Vorteil der Materialersparnis. Dies kann auch bei der Montage ein Vorteil sein, da der Anker 133 und das Magnetsystem 120 unabhƤngig voneinander in den Grundkƶrper eingesetzt werden kƶnnen. Regardless of the configuration of the actuator according to the aforementioned first variant according to Figures 1 to 8 or the second variant shown in Figure 9, the armature 30 (or consisting of armature 30 and coil system 20 magnet system) may be configured differently. This is shown schematically with reference to FIG. As a comparison with Figure 10 shows, an essential difference here is that the armature 130 is not constructed H-shaped with two U-iron core pieces, but only such a z. B. U-shaped iron core 133 has. That is, the magnet system has only two working air gaps, and there is always only one pole piece 133a, 133b on the corresponding pole face of the yoke 125 at. In the present case, the yoke 125 is formed such that it has enlarged pole faces at the ends in each case. In principle, however, the magnet system 120 is otherwise constructed in the same way as the magnet system 20 according to the first embodiment, as described in particular. was explained in particular in connection with Figure 2. Ie. The yoke 125 is also encapsulated with plastic to form a drum-like bobbin and then the coil 124 wrapped in a central region around the yoke or the bobbin. Likewise, the armature 130 can be produced by molding the U-shaped iron core part 133 with molded-on actuators 36, 37 in a plastic injection molding process, and the permanent magnets 34 are inserted into corresponding chambers 35. Since the armature 133 has only two pole shoes 133a, 133b, which bear against the pole faces of the yoke 125 only from one side, in this case the underside, in this case the armature bearing axis AA 'can be further offset downwards, so that they are in one Distance is below the longitudinal axis of the yoke 125 and the winding axis WA. That is, the anchor bearing pins would then be correspondingly lower, each at the height of the armature bearing axis AA ', which intersects the soft iron core part or its central longitudinal axis, be arranged offset. Accordingly, the base body must be formed so that the armature bearing cutouts of the armature bearing lie at a shorter distance above the base surface BF. This further embodiment with a simplified armature 130 has the advantage of saving material. This can also be an advantage during assembly, since the armature 133 and the magnet system 120 can be used independently of one another in the base body.
Der oben dargestellte Aufbau aller AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiele hat den Vorteil, dass sƤmtliche Komponenten des Relais 1 sehr schnell und einfach durch Verrasten montierbar sind, wobei mit dem Verrasten auch alle wesentlichen Sicherheitsanforderungen eines Sicherheitsrelais erfĆ¼llt sind. The construction of all embodiments shown above has the advantage that all components of the relay 1 can be mounted very quickly and easily by latching, with the latching all the essential safety requirements of a safety relay are met.
Es wird abschlieƟend noch einmal darauf hingewiesen, dass es sich bei den vorhergehend detailliert beschriebenen Vorrichtungen lediglich um AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiele handelt, welche vom Fachmann in verschiedenster Weise modifiziert werden kƶnnen, ohne den Bereich der Erfindung zu verlassen. Beispielsweise kƶnnte die Ankerlagerachse auch auƟerhalb des Eisens des Ankers bzw. versetzt zur AnkerlƤngsachse liegen. Weiterhin kƶnnte das Ankerlager auch als separates Teil hergestellt sein, welches dann wiederum im Grundkƶrper und/oder am Magnetsystem bei der Montage fixiert wird, beispielsweise als eine Art Welle, auf die der Anker mit einer entsprechenden Ankerlagerbohrung aufgesteckt wird. Auch kƶnnte das Ankerlager direkt am Magnetsystem angespritzt sein. Ebenso kƶnnen die, insbesondere zusammenwirkenden, Elemente an der vorderen und der hintere Halbschale vertauscht sein, oder Ƥhnliche Variationen sind mƶglich. Weiterhin kƶnnen auch die oben beschriebenen besonderen Merkmale der Varianten gegebenen- falls auch miteinander kombiniert werden. Zudem schlieƟt die Verwendung der unbestimmten Artikelā€žein" bzw.ā€žeine" nicht aus, dass die betreffenden Merkmale auch mehrfach vorhanden sein kƶnnen. It is finally pointed out once again that the devices described in detail above are only exemplary embodiments which can be modified by the person skilled in many different ways without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the armature bearing axis could also be outside the iron of the armature or offset from the armature longitudinal axis. Furthermore, the anchor bearing could also be made as a separate part, which in turn is then fixed in the base body and / or the magnet system during assembly, for example, as a kind of shaft to which the anchor is attached with a corresponding anchor bearing bore. Also, the anchor bearing could be molded directly on the magnet system. Likewise, the elements, in particular cooperating, elements on the front and the rear half-shell can be reversed, or similar variations are possible. Furthermore, the special features of the variants described above can also be used. if combined with each other. In addition, the use of the indefinite article "a" or "an" does not exclude that the characteristics in question may also be present more than once.
Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Relais 1 relay
2 GehƤusedeckel Ā 2 housing cover
3 Rastnase Ā 3 latch
4 Steg Ā 4 footbridge
5 Aussparung Ā 5 recess
6 Steg Ā 6 footbridge
7 Randkante Ā 7 edge
10 Grundkƶrper Ā 10 basic body
1 1 Rahmen Ā 1 1 frame
12 Ankerlager Ā 12 anchor bearings
12a, 12b Ankerlagerausschnitte 12o AnkerlagerbohrungĀ 12a, 12b Anchor bearing cutouts 12o Anchor bearing bore
13 Ankerlagersteg 13 anchor bearing bar
14 Seitenwand Ā 14 sidewall
15 Rastelement Ā 15 locking element
16 Schlitz Ā 16 slot
17 Aussparung Ā 17 recess
18 Durchbruch Ā 18 breakthrough
19 Rastausschnitt Ā 19 recess
20 Spulensystem Ā 20 coil system
21 Spulenkƶrper Ā 21 bobbin
22 Spulenkƶrper-Kern Ā 22 bobbin core
23 Spulenkƶrper-FlanschĀ 23 bobbin flange
24 Spule 24 coil
25 Joch Ā 25 yoke
26 AbstandsflƤche Ā 26 distance surface
27 SpulenanschlussdrahtĀ 27 coil connection wire
30 Anker 30 anchors
31 Ankerkƶrper Ā 31 anchor body
32a, 32b Ankerlagerzapfen 32o Ankerlagerbohrung 32s Ankerlagerstift Weicheisen-KernstĆ¼cku U-Steg32a, 32b Anchor bearing pin 32o Anchor bearing bore 32s Anchor bearing pin Soft iron core piece U-bridge
a, 33b, 33c, 33d Polschuhe Permanentmagnet KavitƤt a, 33b, 33c, 33d pole shoes permanent magnet cavity
BetƤtiger Ā actuator
BetƤtiger Ā actuator
Schildelement shield element
Andruck-Vorsprung BetƤtigerPressure-projection actuator
a unterer Abschnitt b oberer Abschnitts Schlitz a lower section b upper section slot
BetƤtigerĀ actuator
a unterer Abschnittb oberer Abschnitts Schlitz a lower portion b upper portion slot
Kontaktsystem Ā Contact system
Kontaktfeder Ā contact spring
Federabschnitt Ā spring section
Kontaktfeder Ā contact spring
Federabschnitt Ā spring section
KontaktstĆ¼ck Ā contact piece
KontaktflƤche Ā contact area
Schlitz Ā slot
KontaktstĆ¼ck Ā contact piece
FederhalterĀ penholder
p Terminal / Pin p terminal / pin
Gegenkontakt Ā countercontact
Gegenkontakt Ā countercontact
Gegenkontaktabschnitte Terminal Ā Counter contact sections terminal
GegenkontaktstĆ¼ck0 MagnetsystemĀ Mating contact piece0 magnet system
4 Spule4 coil
5 Joch 130 Anker 5 yoke 130 anchors
133 Eisen-KernstĆ¼ck Ā 133 iron core piece
133a, 133b Polschuh Ā 133a, 133b pole piece
A Arbeitskontakt Ā A working contact
R Ruhekontakt Ā R normally closed contact
AA Ankerlagerachse Ā AA anchor bearing axis
AA' Ankerlagerachse Ā AA 'anchor bearing axle
AL LƤngsrichtung des AnkersĀ AL longitudinal direction of the anchor
BF BasisflƤche BF base area
FB FederbewegungsebeneĀ FB spring movement level
HR HaupterstreckungsrichtungHR main extension direction
WA Wickelachse WA winding axis
P1 erster SchaltzustandĀ P1 first switching state
P2 zweiter Schaltzustand P2 second switching state

Claims

PatentansprĆ¼che claims
1 ) Elektromagnetisches Relais (1 ), vorzugsweise Sicherheitsrelais (1 ), mit 1) Electromagnetic relay (1), preferably safety relay (1), with
- einem Grundkƶrper (10), Ā a base body (10),
- einem am Grundkƶrper (10) angeordneten Spulensystem (20, 120), mit einer Spule (24, 124) und einem Joch (25, 125), welches sich entlang einer Wickelachse (WA) der Spule (24, 124) durch diese erstreckt, Ā - A on the main body (10) arranged coil system (20, 120), with a coil (24, 124) and a yoke (25, 125) which extends along a winding axis (WA) of the coil (24, 124) therethrough .
- einem Anker (30, 130), welcher neben der Spule (24, 124) um eine Ankerlagerachse (AA, AA') schwenkbar gelagert angeordnet ist und welcher Polschuhe (33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, 133a, 133b) zur magnetischen Kopplung mit dem Joch (25, 125) des Spulensystems (20, 120) aufweist, Ā - An armature (30, 130), which next to the coil (24, 124) about an armature bearing axis (AA, AA ') is pivotally mounted and which pole pieces (33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, 133a, 133b) for magnetic coupling having the yoke (25, 125) of the coil system (20, 120),
- einem Kontaktsystem (50) mit zumindest zwei Kontaktfedern (51 , 53), wobei sich jeweils eine Federbewegungsebene (FB) der Kontaktfedern (51 , 53) quer, vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen rechtwinklig, zur Wickelachse (WA) der Spule (24, 124) erstreckt,Ā - A contact system (50) having at least two contact springs (51, 53), wherein in each case a spring movement plane (FB) of the contact springs (51, 53) transversely, preferably substantially at right angles, to the winding axis (WA) of the coil (24, 124) extends
- und zumindest zwei am Anker (30, 130) angeordneten BetƤtigern (36, 37, 41 , 42), welche den Kontaktfedern (51 , 53) zur BetƤtigung der Kontaktfedern (51 , 53) zugeordnet sind und welche sich jeweils am Anker (30, 130) bezĆ¼glich der Ankerlagerachse (AA, AA') radial nach auƟen in einer LƤngsrichtung (AL) des Ankers (30, 130) erstrecken, wobei die radial ƤuƟersten Enden der beiden BetƤtiger (36, 37, 41 , 42) jeweils weiter von der Ankerlagerachse (AA, AA') entfernt sind, als die Polschuhe (33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, 133a, 133b) des Ankers (30,130). and at least two actuators (36, 37, 41, 42) arranged on the armature (30, 130), which are assigned to the contact springs (51, 53) for actuating the contact springs (51, 53) and which are in each case fixed on the armature (30 , 130) extend radially outwardly in a longitudinal direction (AL) of the armature (30, 130) with respect to the armature bearing axis (AA, AA '), the radially outermost ends of the two actuators (36, 37, 41, 42) being respectively further from the armature bearing axis (AA, AA ') are removed, as the pole pieces (33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, 133a, 133b) of the armature (30,130).
2) Relais nach Anspruch 1 , wobei die Federbewegungsebene (FB) zumindest einer der Kontaktfedern (51 , 53) im Wesentlichen parallel zur Ankerlagerachse (AA, AA') verlƤuft. 2) Relay according to claim 1, wherein the spring movement plane (FB) of at least one of the contact springs (51, 53) is substantially parallel to the armature bearing axis (AA, AA ').
3) Relais nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Ankerlagerachse (AA, AA') durch die Spule (24, 124) verlƤuft. 3) Relay according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the armature bearing axis (AA, AA ') through the coil (24, 124).
4) Relais nach einem der vorstehenden AnsprĆ¼che, wobei die Polschuhe (33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, 133a, 133b) von der LƤngsrichtung (AL) des Ankers (30, 130) zur Spule (24, 124) hin abgewinkelt sind. 4) Relay according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pole pieces (33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, 133a, 133b) of the longitudinal direction (AL) of the armature (30, 130) to the coil (24, 124) are angled away.
5) Relais nach einem der vorstehenden AnsprĆ¼che, wobei die BetƤtiger (36, 37, 41 , 42) fest mit dem Anker (30, 130) verbunden sind, vorzugsweise einteilig mit dem Anker (30, 130) ausgebildet sind. 6) Relais nach einem der vorstehenden AnsprĆ¼che, wobei die BetƤtiger (36, 37, 41 , 42) und die Kontaktfedern (51 , 53) jeweils so ausgebildet und angeordnet sind, dass eine Kontaktfeder (51 , 53) jeweils durch den ihr zugeordneten BetƤtiger (36, 37, 41 , 42) zum Ɩffnen eines Kontakts (A, R) von einem der jeweiligen Kontaktfeder (51 , 53) zugeordneten Gegenkontakt (60, 61 ) weggedrĆ¼ckt (bei BetƤtiger 36, 37) bzw. angedrĆ¼ckt (bei BetƤtiger 41 , 42) wird. 5) Relay according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuators (36, 37, 41, 42) are fixedly connected to the armature (30, 130), preferably integrally formed with the armature (30, 130). 6) Relay according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuators (36, 37, 41, 42) and the contact springs (51, 53) are each formed and arranged such that a contact spring (51, 53) respectively by the associated actuator (36, 37, 41, 42) for opening a contact (A, R) of one of the respective contact spring (51, 53) associated mating contact (60, 61) pushed away (at actuator 36, 37) or pressed (at actuator 41 , 42).
7) Relais nach einem der vorstehenden AnsprĆ¼che, mit einem am Grundkƶrper (10) angeordneten Ankerlager (12), in welchem der Anker (30, 130) um die Ankerlagerachse (AA, AA') schwenkbar gelagert ist, 7) Relay according to one of the preceding claims, with an on the base body (10) arranged armature bearing (12) in which the armature (30, 130) about the armature bearing axis (AA, AA ') is pivotally mounted,
wobei das Ankerlager (12) einerseits und die zumindest zwei Kontaktfedern (51 , 53) andererseits an voneinander abgewandten Seiten des Ankers (30, 130) mit den BetƤtigern (36, 37, 41 , 42) angeordnet sind. wherein the armature bearing (12) on the one hand and the at least two contact springs (51, 53) on the other hand on opposite sides of the armature (30, 130) with the actuators (36, 37, 41, 42) are arranged.
8) Relais nach einem der vorstehenden AnsprĆ¼che, wobei die Wickelachse (WA) der Spule (24, 124), die Ankerlagerachse (AA, AA') und die Haupterstreckungsrichtung (HR) der Kontaktfedern (51 , 53) jeweils flach zu einer BasisflƤche (BF) des Grundkƶrpers (10) verlaufen, welche als Kontaktseite zur Positionierung des Relais (1 ) auf einer Platine ausgebildet ist. 8) Relay according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the winding axis (WA) of the coil (24, 124), the armature bearing axis (AA, AA ') and the main extension direction (HR) of the contact springs (51, 53) each flat to a base surface ( BF) of the main body (10), which is designed as a contact side for positioning the relay (1) on a circuit board.
9) Relais nach einem der vorstehenden AnsprĆ¼che, wobei eine der zumindest zwei Kontaktfedern (51 , 53) Teil eines Arbeitskontakts (A) und eine andere der zumindest zwei Kontaktfedern (51 , 53) Teil eines Ruhekontakts (R) ist. 9) Relay according to one of the preceding claims, wherein one of the at least two contact springs (51, 53) part of a normally open contact (A) and another of the at least two contact springs (51, 53) is part of a normally closed contact (R).
10) Relais nach einem der vorstehenden AnsprĆ¼che, wobei zumindest einer der BetƤtiger (36, 37, 41 , 42), vorzugsweise der BetƤtiger (36, 37, 41 , 42), welcher der Kontaktfeder (51 ) eines Arbeitskontakts (A) zugeordnet ist, einen sich in einer Ɩffnungsrichtung (OR) der Kontaktfeder (51 ) erstreckenden Andruck-Vorsprung (39) aufweist, der im geƶffneten Zustand gegen die Kontaktfeder (51 ) drĆ¼ckt. 10) Relay according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the actuators (36, 37, 41, 42), preferably the actuator (36, 37, 41, 42) which is associated with the contact spring (51) of a normally open contact (A) , in a direction of opening (OR) of the contact spring (51) extending pressure-projection (39) which presses in the open state against the contact spring (51).
1 1 ) Relais nach einem der vorstehenden AnsprĆ¼che, wobei zumindest eine der Kontaktfedern (51 , 53), vorzugsweise die Kontaktfeder (53) eines Ruhekontakts (R), als Doppelkontakt ausgebildet ist und zwei KontaktstĆ¼cke (58) aufweist, die in einer geschlossenen Stellung an einem GegenkontaktstĆ¼ck (64) anliegen. 12) Relais nach einem der vorstehenden AnsprĆ¼che, wobei zumindest einer der BetƤtiger (41 , 42) gabelfƶrmig ausgebildet ist. 1 1) Relay according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the contact springs (51, 53), preferably the contact spring (53) of a normally closed contact (R), is designed as a double contact and two contact pieces (58) which in a closed position abut against a mating contact piece (64). 12) Relay according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the actuators (41, 42) is fork-shaped.
13) Relais nach einem der vorstehenden AnsprĆ¼che, wobei der Grundkƶrper (10) Rastelemente (15) aufweist, um das Spulensystem (20, 120) am oder im Grundkƶrper (10) zu verrasten. 13) Relay according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base body (10) has latching elements (15) in order to lock the coil system (20, 120) on or in the base body (10).
14) Relais nach einem der vorstehenden AnsprĆ¼che, mit einem GehƤusedeckel (2), welcher mit dem Grundkƶrper (10) zur Bildung eines geschlossenen GehƤuses verbindbar ist, 14) Relay according to one of the preceding claims, with a housing cover (2) which is connectable to the base body (10) to form a closed housing,
wobei vorzugsweise der GehƤusedeckel (2) Rastelemente (3) und der Grundkƶrper (10) damit zusammenwirkende Gegenrastmittel (19) aufweist, um den GehƤusedeckel (2) mit dem Grundkƶrper (10) zu verrasten, wherein preferably the housing cover (2) latching elements (3) and the base body (10) cooperating counter-latching means (19), in order to lock the housing cover (2) with the base body (10),
und/oder and or
wobei vorzugsweise der GehƤusedeckel (2) innenseitig Gegenlagerelemente (4, 6) aufweist, um den Anker (30, 130) im Ankerlager (12) zu halten. wherein preferably the housing cover (2) on the inside abutment elements (4, 6) to hold the armature (30, 130) in the armature bearing (12).
15) Verwendung eines elektromagnetischen Relais (1 ) nach einem der vorstehenden AnsprĆ¼che in einer Sicherheitsschaltung. 15) Use of an electromagnetic relay (1) according to one of the preceding claims in a safety circuit.
EP17768417.2A 2016-09-20 2017-09-11 Electromagnetic relay Active EP3516676B1 (en)

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JP4883232B1 (en) * 2011-03-14 2012-02-22 ć‚Ŗćƒ ćƒ­ćƒ³ę Ŗ式会ē¤¾ Electromagnetic relay
DE102012207589B3 (en) 2012-05-08 2013-10-02 Gruner Ag Relay with double break
CN104217899B (en) * 2014-09-11 2016-08-31 굷ꋉļ¼ˆåŽ¦é—Øļ¼‰ę±½č½¦ē”µå­ęœ‰é™å…¬åø A kind of printed board type electromagnetic relay with L-type base

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WO2018054714A1 (en) 2018-03-29
DE102016117671A1 (en) 2018-03-22
JP2019530194A (en) 2019-10-17
CN109716477B (en) 2021-08-10
US10943751B2 (en) 2021-03-09
JP7142011B2 (en) 2022-09-26
US20200203104A1 (en) 2020-06-25
EP3516676B1 (en) 2020-11-04
CN109716477A (en) 2019-05-03

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