EP3515665B1 - Hydraulic screw tensioner - Google Patents
Hydraulic screw tensioner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3515665B1 EP3515665B1 EP16770501.1A EP16770501A EP3515665B1 EP 3515665 B1 EP3515665 B1 EP 3515665B1 EP 16770501 A EP16770501 A EP 16770501A EP 3515665 B1 EP3515665 B1 EP 3515665B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- screw
- pressure chamber
- end cap
- piston
- conduit connector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B29/00—Accessories
- B25B29/02—Bolt tensioners
Definitions
- the invention relates to a hydraulic device for pre-tensioning a threaded element forming part of a joint between two parts of a structure.
- the invention concerns a hydraulic device for applying an axial pre-tensioning force on a threaded element, such as a bolt or screw, to thereby obtain a desired and well defined clamping force of the joint.
- Hydraulic screw tensioners are used to obtain a desired clamping force of one or more screws comprised in a joint of two parts, in particular a critical joint of a larger dimension. Applying an axial tension force on a screw and observing the obtained elongation of the screw is a very accurate method to determine the clamping force actually obtained by the screw, given the physical properties of the screw material. Having reached the desired elongation of the screw and hence the clamping force target the screw is locked by a nut to preserve the tension obtained.
- a prior art tensioning device comprises a tubular body intended to be supported on either one of the parts to be joined and comprising a cylinder, and a tubular piston movably supported in the cylinder, wherein the piston is intended to surround a screw or bolt to be tensioned.
- the piston has a stepped shape and forms together with the cylinder a first pressure chamber to be connected to a pressure source of an active hydraulic fluid, and a second chamber to be connected to pressure source of a compressible piston biasing medium like air.
- a threaded portion formed on the piston itself or on a tubular insert carried by the piston is intended to engage the thread of the screw or bolt forming part of the joint to thereby transfer a tensioning pulling force created by the piston onto the screw or bolt.
- the reaction force developed in the body as a result of this pulling force is transferred to the surface of the joint adjacent the screw being tensioned via an extension or bridge portion of the body.
- the first and second chambers formed between the cylinder and the piston are connected to their respective external pressure sources via conduit connectors which are mounted on the piston and extend in a direction parallel with the geometric axis of the cylindrical tensioning device body.
- conduit connectors which are mounted on the piston and extend in a direction parallel with the geometric axis of the cylindrical tensioning device body.
- Another object of the invention is to avoid the above described conduit routing problem by providing a hydraulic screw tensioning device of the initially described type, wherein the conduit connector for the compressible piston biasing medium is carried on and extending in a radial direction from an annular end cap mounted on the cylindrical body of the tensioning device.
- a further object of the invention is to avoid the above described conduit routing problem by providing a hydraulic screw tensioning device of the initially described type, wherein the conduit connector for the compressible piston biasing medium is carried on and extending from an annular end cap mounted on the cylindrical body of the tensioning device body and a means is provided to protect mechanically the conduit connector for compressible piston biasing medium.
- the screw tensioning device shown in the drawing figures comprises a tubular body 10 having a central through opening 11 and an annular cylinder chamber 12 located laterally of the through opening 11.
- the body 10 has a geometric axis A-A extending through the opening 11.
- the cylinder chamber 12 is axially closed by an annular end cap 13.
- An annular piston 14 is operable in the annular cylinder chamber 12 and having a stepped portion 12a on its outside, whereby the piston 14 forms a first pressure chamber 15 by its end surface and a second pressure chamber 16 by its stepped portion 12a.
- the first pressure chamber 15 is connected to an external pressure source for hydraulic fluid via a conduit connector 17a mounted on the body 10 and extending radially therefrom.
- Another conduit connector 17b is mounted on the body 10 and communicating with first pressure chamber 15. This connector 17b is intended to receive a conduit for series connection of two or more tensioning device at multi-screw joint.
- the piston 14 is tubular and receives a tubular insert 18 which is formed with an internal thread for engagement with the thread of a screw or bolt to be tensioned by the device.
- This insert 18 is preferably one of a number of interchangeable inserts with different threads to adapt the device to screws or bolts with different types of threads.
- the insert 18 is formed with a flange 21 in contact with the piston 14 to transfer the pulling force developed by the latter to the screw being tensioned.
- the insert 18 is freely movable relative to the piston 14 and provided with dents 19 on its periphery to be engaged by a tool when loosening the insert from the screw at a completed tensioning process.
- the second pressure chamber 16 is intended to be pressurized by a compressible medium, preferably air, to develop a biasing force on the piston 14 in the reverse direction, i.e. the direction opposite the working stroke direction.
- the compressible medium is supplied from a pressure source via a conduit connector 28 mounted on the end cap 13 and extends in a radial direction therefrom.
- This conduit connector 28 is mounted at the periphery of the end cap 13 and communicates with the second pressure chamber 16 via a passage 26 in the end cap 13.
- the passage 26 also comprises a non-illustrated check valve to prevent medium from escaping during working strokes of the piston 14.
- a couple of protrusions 24,25 are formed integrally with the end cap 13 and extend radially on both sides of the conduit connector 28. These protrusions 24,25 are intended to form a physical damage protection for the conduit connector 28. An accidental force or blow on the conduit connector 28 might also cause a damage to the end cap 13, because the latter is somewhat weakened at the connection point for the conduit connector 28 and could easily be damaged in case an accidental force or blow hits the connector 28.
- the annular end cap 13 is secured to the body 10 by a number of equally spaced screws 29 which gives an option to locate the end cap 13 in a number of alternative angular positions to provide the most favorable position of the conduit connector 28 as to the conduit routing.
- the body 10 is formed with a tubular support extension 30.
- This extension 30 is intended to take support on a surface of the joint adjacent the screw being tensioned.
- the support extension 30 is formed with an inner cylindrical socket 31 in which a nut engaging coupling ring 32 is supported, and the support extension 30 comprises a lateral opening 33 through which the coupling ring 32 is accessible for rotation.
- the tensioning device is applied on a screw to be tensioned with the screw extending through the body 10 and the piston 14.
- a nut has been threaded onto screw into engagement with the surface of the structure containing the joint and the nut engaging ring 32 is put into engagement with the nut.
- the insert 18 is threaded onto the screw until a firm contact between the insert flange 21 and the piston 14 is obtained.
- the tubular extension 30 of the joint rests on the surface of the structure containing the joint so as to transfer the reaction force developed during the tensioning process to the structure.
- the conduit connectors 17a and 28 are connected to the sources of hydraulic fluid and compressible medium, respectively, and the operation is commenced by supplying compressible medium to the second pressure chamber 16 thereby ensuring that the pressure obtained in pressure chamber 16 displaces the piston 14 to its rearmost or starting position before the actual tensioning process is started. Due to the action of the check valve fitted in the inlet passage 26 the amount of pressure medium introduced in the second pressure chamber 16 will remain unchanged during the tensioning process. Then hydraulic fluid is fed into the first pressure chamber 15 whereby an active working force is applied on the piston 14. This results in a movement of the piston 14, and a pulling force is transferred to the screw via the threaded insert 18.
- the pressure increase in the first pressure chamber 16 is stopped and the coupling ring 32 is rotated by means of a suitable tool applied via the lateral opening 33 in the support extension 30.
- the nut is rotated until it is firmly engaged with the surface of the joint and apt to maintain the obtained tension in the screw after the action of the hydraulic pressure is seized.
- the threaded insert 18 is removed from the screw and the entire device is lifted off the screw to thereby complete the screw tensioning process.
Description
- The invention relates to a hydraulic device for pre-tensioning a threaded element forming part of a joint between two parts of a structure. In particular, the invention concerns a hydraulic device for applying an axial pre-tensioning force on a threaded element, such as a bolt or screw, to thereby obtain a desired and well defined clamping force of the joint.
- Hydraulic screw tensioners are used to obtain a desired clamping force of one or more screws comprised in a joint of two parts, in particular a critical joint of a larger dimension. Applying an axial tension force on a screw and observing the obtained elongation of the screw is a very accurate method to determine the clamping force actually obtained by the screw, given the physical properties of the screw material. Having reached the desired elongation of the screw and hence the clamping force target the screw is locked by a nut to preserve the tension obtained.
- A prior art tensioning device comprises a tubular body intended to be supported on either one of the parts to be joined and comprising a cylinder, and a tubular piston movably supported in the cylinder, wherein the piston is intended to surround a screw or bolt to be tensioned. The piston has a stepped shape and forms together with the cylinder a first pressure chamber to be connected to a pressure source of an active hydraulic fluid, and a second chamber to be connected to pressure source of a compressible piston biasing medium like air. A threaded portion formed on the piston itself or on a tubular insert carried by the piston is intended to engage the thread of the screw or bolt forming part of the joint to thereby transfer a tensioning pulling force created by the piston onto the screw or bolt. The reaction force developed in the body as a result of this pulling force is transferred to the surface of the joint adjacent the screw being tensioned via an extension or bridge portion of the body.
- A screw tensioning device of this type is previously described in patent:
GB 2457138 - In the tensioning device disclosed in the above document the first and second chambers formed between the cylinder and the piston are connected to their respective external pressure sources via conduit connectors which are mounted on the piston and extend in a direction parallel with the geometric axis of the cylindrical tensioning device body. However, this arrangement has proven to be a problem in applications not only where the available space in the axial direction above or outside the device is limited but also in applications where a number of tensioning devices are applied on oppositely directed screws of a joint and these devices are to be connected in series. In that case the conduit routing between the different devices will be rather cumbersome and space demanding.
- In another prior art device of a similar type but lacking the piston biasing feature of the compressible medium type the problem with awkward conduit routing has been addressed by locating the conduit connector or connectors for the hydraulic fluid in a radial fashion in relation to the axial direction of the body. Accordingly, this prior art device lacks a conduit connector for a compressible medium, but in the same way as for the hydraulic fluid conduit connector a conduit connector for a compressible medium has to be oriented in a radial fashion to facilitate conduit routing at a multiple tensioning device arrangement.
- It is an object of the invention to avoid the above described conduit routing problem by providing a hydraulic screw tensioning device of the initially described type wherein the conduit connectors for both the hydraulic fluid and the compressible piston biasing medium are directed radially relative to the geometric axis of the cylindrical body of tensioning device.
- Another object of the invention is to avoid the above described conduit routing problem by providing a hydraulic screw tensioning device of the initially described type, wherein the conduit connector for the compressible piston biasing medium is carried on and extending in a radial direction from an annular end cap mounted on the cylindrical body of the tensioning device.
- A further object of the invention is to avoid the above described conduit routing problem by providing a hydraulic screw tensioning device of the initially described type, wherein the conduit connector for the compressible piston biasing medium is carried on and extending from an annular end cap mounted on the cylindrical body of the tensioning device body and a means is provided to protect mechanically the conduit connector for compressible piston biasing medium.
- Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the following specification and claims.
- A preferred embodiment of the invention is described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- In the drawings
-
Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a screw tensioning device according to the invention. -
Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the device inFig. 1 but illustrates the device from screw joint side. -
Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through the device inFigs. 1 and 2 . - The screw tensioning device shown in the drawing figures comprises a
tubular body 10 having a central throughopening 11 and anannular cylinder chamber 12 located laterally of the throughopening 11. Thebody 10 has a geometric axis A-A extending through theopening 11. Thecylinder chamber 12 is axially closed by anannular end cap 13. Anannular piston 14 is operable in theannular cylinder chamber 12 and having a stepped portion 12a on its outside, whereby thepiston 14 forms afirst pressure chamber 15 by its end surface and asecond pressure chamber 16 by its stepped portion 12a. Thefirst pressure chamber 15 is connected to an external pressure source for hydraulic fluid via aconduit connector 17a mounted on thebody 10 and extending radially therefrom. By introducing hydraulic fluid under pressure in thefirst pressure chamber 15 thepiston 14 will perform a working stroke. Anotherconduit connector 17b is mounted on thebody 10 and communicating withfirst pressure chamber 15. Thisconnector 17b is intended to receive a conduit for series connection of two or more tensioning device at multi-screw joint. - The
piston 14 is tubular and receives atubular insert 18 which is formed with an internal thread for engagement with the thread of a screw or bolt to be tensioned by the device. Thisinsert 18 is preferably one of a number of interchangeable inserts with different threads to adapt the device to screws or bolts with different types of threads. At its outer end theinsert 18 is formed with aflange 21 in contact with thepiston 14 to transfer the pulling force developed by the latter to the screw being tensioned. Theinsert 18 is freely movable relative to thepiston 14 and provided withdents 19 on its periphery to be engaged by a tool when loosening the insert from the screw at a completed tensioning process. - The
second pressure chamber 16 is intended to be pressurized by a compressible medium, preferably air, to develop a biasing force on thepiston 14 in the reverse direction, i.e. the direction opposite the working stroke direction. The compressible medium is supplied from a pressure source via aconduit connector 28 mounted on theend cap 13 and extends in a radial direction therefrom. Thisconduit connector 28 is mounted at the periphery of theend cap 13 and communicates with thesecond pressure chamber 16 via apassage 26 in theend cap 13. Thepassage 26 also comprises a non-illustrated check valve to prevent medium from escaping during working strokes of thepiston 14. - A couple of
protrusions end cap 13 and extend radially on both sides of theconduit connector 28. Theseprotrusions conduit connector 28. An accidental force or blow on theconduit connector 28 might also cause a damage to theend cap 13, because the latter is somewhat weakened at the connection point for theconduit connector 28 and could easily be damaged in case an accidental force or blow hits theconnector 28. - The
annular end cap 13 is secured to thebody 10 by a number of equally spacedscrews 29 which gives an option to locate theend cap 13 in a number of alternative angular positions to provide the most favorable position of theconduit connector 28 as to the conduit routing. - For the purpose of transferring the reaction force developed in the
body 10 as a result of the pulling force applied on a screw during tensioning thebody 10 is formed with atubular support extension 30. Thisextension 30 is intended to take support on a surface of the joint adjacent the screw being tensioned. Thesupport extension 30 is formed with an inner cylindrical socket 31 in which a nutengaging coupling ring 32 is supported, and thesupport extension 30 comprises alateral opening 33 through which thecoupling ring 32 is accessible for rotation. - In operation the tensioning device is applied on a screw to be tensioned with the screw extending through the
body 10 and thepiston 14. Before that a nut has been threaded onto screw into engagement with the surface of the structure containing the joint and thenut engaging ring 32 is put into engagement with the nut. As thebody 10 is properly fitted over the joint theinsert 18 is threaded onto the screw until a firm contact between theinsert flange 21 and thepiston 14 is obtained. As the device is accurately put in place on the screw thetubular extension 30 of the joint rests on the surface of the structure containing the joint so as to transfer the reaction force developed during the tensioning process to the structure. - The
conduit connectors second pressure chamber 16 thereby ensuring that the pressure obtained inpressure chamber 16 displaces thepiston 14 to its rearmost or starting position before the actual tensioning process is started. Due to the action of the check valve fitted in theinlet passage 26 the amount of pressure medium introduced in thesecond pressure chamber 16 will remain unchanged during the tensioning process. Then hydraulic fluid is fed into thefirst pressure chamber 15 whereby an active working force is applied on thepiston 14. This results in a movement of thepiston 14, and a pulling force is transferred to the screw via the threadedinsert 18. As thepiston 14 moves through thecylinder 12 the tension in the screw increases, while at the same time the volume of thesecond pressure chamber 16 decreases and due to thepassage 26 being closed by the check valve the decreasing volume results in a pressure increase of the compressible medium. The pressure related forces obtained in the first andsecond pressure chambers Fig. 3 . - As a desired pretension level is reached in the actual screw the pressure increase in the
first pressure chamber 16 is stopped and thecoupling ring 32 is rotated by means of a suitable tool applied via thelateral opening 33 in thesupport extension 30. The nut is rotated until it is firmly engaged with the surface of the joint and apt to maintain the obtained tension in the screw after the action of the hydraulic pressure is seized. This ends the tensioning process and thepiston 14 is pushed back to its start position by the medium pressure in thesecond pressure chamber 16, whereby the hydraulic fluid is pressed out of thefirst pressure chamber 15. The threadedinsert 18 is removed from the screw and the entire device is lifted off the screw to thereby complete the screw tensioning process.
Claims (4)
- A hydraulic screw tensioning device comprising a tubular body (10) with a through opening (11) and an annular cylinder chamber (12) surrounding the through opening (11), a tubular piston (14) movably supported in the body (10) and connectable to a screw to be tensioned, the piston (14) comprises a stepped outer portion (14a) and dividing the cylinder chamber (12) into a first pressure chamber (15) and a second pressure chamber (16), whereof the second pressure chamber (16) is closed by an annular end cap (13) secured to the body (10), the first pressure chamber (15) is connectable to a pressure source for hydraulic fluid whereas the second pressure chamber (16) is connectable to a pressure source for a compressible medium via a conduit connector (28) mounted on the end cap (13),
characterized in that the conduit connector (28) for compressible medium extends radially in relation to the geometric axis (A-A) of the tubular body (10), and that a damage protecting structure (24,25) is provided to protect the conduit connector (28) against accidental physical damage. - A screw tensioning device according to claim 1, wherein the conduit connector (28) for a compressible medium is mounted on the end cap (13) and communicates with the second pressure chamber (16), and said damage protecting structure (24,25) forms an integrated part of the end cap (13).
- A screw tensioning device according to claim 2, wherein said damage protecting structure (24,25) comprises two protrusions (24,25) extending radially from end cap (13).
- A screw tensioning device according to anyone of claims 1 - 3, wherein the end cap (13) is secured to the body (10) in two or more alternative angular positions enabling the conduit connector (28) for compressible medium to occupy different radial directions in relation to the body (10).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2016/072711 WO2018054485A1 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2016-09-23 | Hydraulic screw tensioner |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3515665A1 EP3515665A1 (en) | 2019-07-31 |
EP3515665B1 true EP3515665B1 (en) | 2021-06-16 |
Family
ID=56990445
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16770501.1A Active EP3515665B1 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2016-09-23 | Hydraulic screw tensioner |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20190210203A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3515665B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6892915B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN109789539B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018054485A1 (en) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2496647A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-05-22 | Britannia Engineering Consultancy Ltd | Clamping device for subsea tubular member |
CN105619139A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-01 | 沈阳机床成套设备有限责任公司 | Machine tool fixture rapid inserting oil line structure and manufacturing method |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4708036A (en) | 1984-02-07 | 1987-11-24 | Haskel, Inc. | Stud tensioning apparatus |
US4846444A (en) | 1988-07-05 | 1989-07-11 | Michael Vassalotti | Stud tensioning and tighetning apparatus |
GB8823474D0 (en) | 1988-10-06 | 1988-11-16 | Hedley Purvis Ltd | Improved hydraulic tensioner |
US6840726B2 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2005-01-11 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Tensioning apparatus and method |
GB2427667B (en) * | 2005-06-25 | 2009-04-29 | Tentec Ltd | Thread-Engaging members for tensioners |
DE102006056287B4 (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2009-06-10 | Audi Ag | Pipe with hose connection and molded protection |
GB2457138B (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2012-06-20 | Tentec Ltd | Bolt tensioners |
US7658131B1 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2010-02-09 | Titan Technologies International, Inc. | Subsea tensioner system |
US20110271798A1 (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2011-11-10 | Wagner Vermogensverwaltungs- GMBH & Co.KG | Screw tensioning device |
DE202009018684U1 (en) | 2008-11-25 | 2012-07-30 | Jörg Hohmann | Hydraulic bolt tensioning device |
US8225698B2 (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2012-07-24 | Tai-Her Yang | Sun gear-driven magnification driving tool |
US20110192257A1 (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2011-08-11 | Titan Technologies International, Inc. | Hydraulic Bolt Tensioner and Nut |
WO2014122356A1 (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2014-08-14 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | Pretensioning tool, pretensioning system and a method for pretensioning bolts |
-
2016
- 2016-09-23 JP JP2019515236A patent/JP6892915B2/en active Active
- 2016-09-23 EP EP16770501.1A patent/EP3515665B1/en active Active
- 2016-09-23 CN CN201680089461.8A patent/CN109789539B/en active Active
- 2016-09-23 US US16/330,145 patent/US20190210203A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-09-23 WO PCT/EP2016/072711 patent/WO2018054485A1/en unknown
-
2022
- 2022-09-01 US US17/901,465 patent/US11897102B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2496647A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-05-22 | Britannia Engineering Consultancy Ltd | Clamping device for subsea tubular member |
CN105619139A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-01 | 沈阳机床成套设备有限责任公司 | Machine tool fixture rapid inserting oil line structure and manufacturing method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20220410356A1 (en) | 2022-12-29 |
EP3515665A1 (en) | 2019-07-31 |
US11897102B2 (en) | 2024-02-13 |
CN109789539A (en) | 2019-05-21 |
WO2018054485A1 (en) | 2018-03-29 |
JP6892915B2 (en) | 2021-06-23 |
US20190210203A1 (en) | 2019-07-11 |
CN109789539B (en) | 2021-10-26 |
JP2019530585A (en) | 2019-10-24 |
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