EP3505379B1 - Procédé pour obtenir et stocker les points de fonctionnement optimaux d'un ensemble générateur comprenant un moteur thermique couplé à un générateur électrique - Google Patents

Procédé pour obtenir et stocker les points de fonctionnement optimaux d'un ensemble générateur comprenant un moteur thermique couplé à un générateur électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3505379B1
EP3505379B1 EP17382906.0A EP17382906A EP3505379B1 EP 3505379 B1 EP3505379 B1 EP 3505379B1 EP 17382906 A EP17382906 A EP 17382906A EP 3505379 B1 EP3505379 B1 EP 3505379B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat engine
generator set
efficiency
angular speed
generator
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3505379A1 (fr
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Haizea GAZTAÑAGA ARANTZAMENDI
Victor Isaac HERRERA PEREZ
Aitor MILO URQUIOLA
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Ikerlan S Coop
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Ikerlan S Coop
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Priority to ES17382906T priority Critical patent/ES2873074T3/es
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/188—Controlling power parameters of the driveline, e.g. determining the required power
    • B60W30/1882—Controlling power parameters of the driveline, e.g. determining the required power characterised by the working point of the engine, e.g. by using engine output chart
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/46—Series type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W2050/0001—Details of the control system
    • B60W2050/0002—Automatic control, details of type of controller or control system architecture
    • B60W2050/0018—Method for the design of a control system
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/84—Data processing systems or methods, management, administration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to power generator sets comprising a heat engine coupled to an electric generator, more specifically to methods for obtaining and storing the optimal operating points of said generator sets.
  • Patent document WO2008000071A1 describes an apparatus for selecting operating conditions of a generator set of this type in which said selection of operating conditions is performed such that a sum of cost values associated with the operating points in said set is minimized, and such that the speed of the heat engine increases or decreases monotonically with monotonous increases or decreases of the electrical power output values.
  • US6167339A describes a drive system for a vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine, a transmission with variable transmission ratio between the engine and the drive wheels, at least one auxiliary system driven by the internal combustion engine, especially an electrical generator, and a controller.
  • the controller selects the transmission ratio within a range of potential ratios so as to achieve the maximum overall efficiency taking into account the individual operating efficiencies of the engine and the auxiliary system.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for obtaining and storing the optimal operating points of a generator set as defined in the claims.
  • Said generator set comprises a heat engine coupled to an electric generator, and has a plurality of possible operating points, each operating point comprising an angular speed of the heat engine, a torque of the electric generator and an output power of the generator set.
  • the method for obtaining and storing the optimal operating points of a generator set of the invention comprises four steps.
  • the efficiency of the generator set in each of said combinations of angular speed of the heat engine and torque of the electric generator is calculated taking into account the efficiency of the heat engine and the efficiency of the electric generator at each of said possible operating points of the generator set.
  • the optimum combination of angular speed of the heat engine and torque of the electric generator for each output power of the generator set is selected such that the efficiency of the generator set at each of the selected operating points is maximum.
  • Said efficiency is calculated as the sum of the efficiency of the generator set calculated in the preceding step for each possible operating point of the generator set, and the efficiency of the transition to the angular speed of the heat engine at said operating point from the angular speed of the heat engine at the operating point previously selected for the immediately preceding power of said generator set.
  • the method for obtaining and storing the optimal operating points of a generator set of the invention allows defining the operating points with maximum efficiency of the generator set in the entire range of power in which said generator set operates, which allows reducing emissions and fuel consumption associated with the heat engine of said generator set.
  • the method of the invention allows obtaining and storing in an analytical manner the optimal operating points of a generator set 1, also referred to as genset, comprising a heat engine 2 coupled to an electric generator 3.
  • a generator set also referred to as genset
  • genset comprising a heat engine 2 coupled to an electric generator 3.
  • the heat engine 2 of the generator set 1 may be an internal combustion engine. Said heat engine 2 is mechanically connected to the electric generator 3, where they can be connected to one another both directly and by means of a reducer 11.
  • the function of the generator set 1 in which the method of the invention can be applied is to generate electric energy both for mobility applications and stationary applications.
  • a possible scenario for a mobility application of a generator set 1 would be a hybrid vehicle 20, as shown in Figure 1 .
  • the generator set 1 together with an energy storage system 12 (for example, batteries), provide energy to the drive train of the hybrid vehicle 20.
  • an energy storage system 12 for example, batteries
  • both the energy sources heat engine 2, electric generator 3 and energy storage system 12
  • the auxiliary loads 13 are connected to a direct current (DC) bus 14 by means of power converters 15 (DC/DC or AC/DC).
  • the heat engine 2 is mechanically coupled to the electric generator 3 and to an AC/DC converter 15 for being connected to the DC bus 14.
  • the main drive element is one or more electric engines 16 which are connected through an AC/DC converter 15 to the DC bus 14 and mechanically connected to the transmission system 17 which finally moves the hybrid vehicle 20.
  • the scenarios in which this type of configuration is applied are mainly urban-type scenarios characterized by low speed operation, continuous starting and stopping, and with restrictions on emissions and fuel consumption, situations in which this configuration has a greater performance compared to other topologies.
  • a possible scenario would be the generation of electric energy for micronetworks 30, as shown in Figure 2 .
  • the function of the generator set 1 would be to provide all the energy demanded by the loads 13 within the micronetwork 30, or to provide support in the case of micronetworks 30 including renewable energy systems 18 (such as solar panels or wind turbine generators).
  • the type of power converter 15 located between the electric generator 3 and the micronetwork 30 depends on the bus 14 installed in said micronetwork 30 (AC or DC).
  • both the rotational speed of the heat engine 2 and the torque provided by the electric generator 3 are completely independent of the speed and torque required by the transmission 17 during movement of the hybrid vehicle 20 (in the case of mobility application) and of the energy demanded by the micronetwork 30 (in the case of stationary application).
  • the operation of the generator set 1 and the power required therefrom can therefore be independently controlled, offering a significant degree of freedom for the optimum and most efficient operation of the generator set 1.
  • the generator set 1 has a plurality of possible operating points, each possible operating point comprising an angular speed of the heat engine 2, a torque of the electric generator 3 and an output power of the generator set 1.
  • the method of the invention comprises the four steps that are explained below.
  • the efficiency of the generator set 1 in each of said combinations of angular speed of the heat engine 2 and torque of the electric generator 3 is calculated taking into account the efficiency of the heat engine 2 and the efficiency of the electric generator 3 at each of said possible operating points of the generator set 1.
  • the efficiency of the generator set 1 at each possible operating point is calculated as the sum of the efficiency of the generator set 1 calculated in the preceding step of the method for each possible operating point of the generator set 1, and the efficiency of the transition to the angular speed of the heat engine 2 at said possible operating point from the angular speed of the heat engine 2 at the operating point previously selected for the immediately preceding power of said generator set 1.
  • the optimum combination of angular speed of the heat engine 2 and torque of the electric generator 3 for each output power of the generator set 1 is stored in data storage means.
  • the method begins with the data provided in the efficiency maps both of the heat engine 2 and of the electric generator 3.
  • the efficiency map of the heat engine 2 is a three-dimensional map where the X-axis represents the rotational speed of the shaft of the heat engine 2, the Y-axis represents the torque produced by said heat engine 2, and the Z-axis represents the efficiency of the heat engine 2 working at said angular speed and providing said torque.
  • the efficiency map of the heat engine 2 shows the range of speeds in which said heat engine 2 can operate. For each of said speeds, the heat engine 2 is capable of providing torque values in a range going from a minimum torque value to a maximum torque value, for each angular speed under consideration.
  • the method of the invention considers a set of discrete angular speeds ⁇ TM_i , where i varies in a range from 1 to n TM , n TM being the number of discrete speeds that said heat engine 2 is capable of providing, ⁇ TM_ 1 being the minimum angular speed at which the heat engine 2 can operate, and ⁇ TM_n being the maximum angular speed, such that each speed is greater than the preceding one in one and the same speed increment.
  • said speed increment may be 0.1 rpm.
  • this value for each speed increment does not intend to limit the present invention, and in other embodiments said increment may take another value.
  • the heat engine 2 is capable of providing torque values in a range going from a minimum torque value T TM_min_i to a maximum torque value T TM_max_i .
  • These minimum and maximum torque values are defined by restrictions imposed by the manufacturer of the heat engine 2.
  • the range of output power P genset_range_i of the generator set 1 for a specific rotational speed ⁇ TM_i of the heat engine 2 is limited by a minimum power value P genset_min_i and a maximum power value P genset_max_i , as seen in Equation 1: P genset _ min _ i ⁇ P genset _ i ⁇ P genset _ max _ i ⁇ P genset _ range _ i ⁇ i ⁇ 1 ... n TM
  • Figures 4A and 4B show a flow diagram in which the steps comprised by a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention are depicted.
  • the method begins with an output power value P of the generator set 1 that is equal to the minimum output power thereof P genset_min , as can be seen in step 101 of Figure 4A .
  • step 102 the method assigns a value 1 to variable i , and enters into a first loop, in which the value of i will be increased by one unit every time it goes through said loop, thereby running through the entire set of discrete angular speeds ⁇ TM_i . at which the heat engine 2 can operate.
  • step 103 it is checked if the power P belongs to the range of powers between P genset_min_i and P genset_max_i , i.e., if the output power value P of the generator set 1 being analyzed belongs to the range of output powers of the generator set 1 when it rotates at the angular speed ⁇ TM_i .
  • the corresponding operating point would be obtained in step 104, i.e., the speed value ⁇ TM_i and the torque value T TM_i of the heat engine 2 with which said output power of the generator set 1 is obtained.
  • the efficiency ⁇ TM ( P,i ) of the heat engine 2 for said output power P of the generator set 1 when it rotates at the angular speed ⁇ TM_i , will be obtained.
  • the corresponding angular speed value ⁇ EG_i and torque value T EG_i of the electric generator 3 will be equal to those of the heat engine 2, in the event that both the heat engine 2 and the electric generator 3 are mechanically coupled to one another and rotating at the same angular speed, or will be calculated as a function of the angular speed value and torque value of the heat engine 2, in the event that there is a reducer device 11 between said heat engine 2 and said electric generator 3.
  • step 105 of the flow diagram of Figure 4A the efficiency ⁇ ( P,i ) of the generator set 1 for the output power P of the generator set 1 and for the value i corresponding to the angular speed ⁇ TM_i of the heat engine 2 is calculated as a product of the efficiency ⁇ TM ( P,i ) of the heat engine 2 and the efficiency ⁇ EG ( P,i ) of the electric generator 3 calculated in the preceding step.
  • step 106 the calculated efficiency ⁇ ( P,i ) of the generator set 1 is saved in a matrix M(P,i). In said matrix M(P,i), for each output power value P of the generator set 1 and angular speed value ⁇ TM_i of the heat engine 2, the efficiency value ⁇ ( P,i ) of the corresponding generator set 1 is saved.
  • the efficiency value of the generator set 1 for said power P and at angular speed ⁇ TM_i would be 0, as shown in step 110 of Figure 4A .
  • step 107 of the flow diagram of Figure 4A it is checked if i has reached the maximum value n TM , i.e., if all the possible operating points, i.e., the operating points in all the discrete angular speeds of the heat engine 2, have been obtained for the output power P of the generator set 1. If this is not the case, i is increased by one unit, i.e., it goes to the next possible angular speed value of the heat engine 2, and the first loop is again repeated, i.e., steps 103 to 106. Once i has reached the maximum value n TM , all the possible operating points for said output power P will have been obtained for the output power value P of the generator set 1, and the efficiency at each of said possible operating points will have been saved in the matrix M(P,i).
  • n TM the maximum value
  • step 108 of the flow diagram of Figure 4A the output power P of the generator set 1 is increased by a value ⁇ P , entering into a second loop in which steps 102 to 107 will be repeated. Every time the sequence of steps 102 to 107 is executed, all the possible operating points of the generator set 1 will be calculated for the power immediately greater than the power for which the possible operating points in the sequence of steps 102 to 107 executed immediately before have been calculated. Said immediately greater power will be greater than the power immediately preceding it by ⁇ P . These steps 102 to 107 will be repeated until the power P reaches the maximum output power P genset_max of the generator set 1, as shown in step 109 of Figure 4A .
  • the matrix M(P,i) contains the efficiency values of all the possible operating points of the generator set 1 for each output power of the generator set 1 and in each possible angular speed of the heat engine 2. Selection of the optimal operating points begins in step 201 with an output power value P genset of the generator set 1 that is equal to the minimum output power P genset_min of said generator set 1.
  • step 202 of the flow diagram of Figure 4B for said minimum output power value of the generator set 1 the efficiencies ⁇ ( P genset , i ) of the possible operating points of the generator set 1 for that power P genset saved in the matrix M(P,i) are analyzed, selecting that operating point at which said efficiency ⁇ ( P genset ,i ) is maximum as the optimal operating point for the power P genset .
  • This first optimal operating point OptP genset will have an angular speed ⁇ TM_i of the heat engine 2 and a torque T EG_i of the electric generator 3, which will be referred to as ⁇ Pgenset and T Pgenset .
  • the second optimal operating point will be the optimal operating point of the generator set 1 for an output power of said generator set 1 that is equal to the output power of the first optimal operating point P genset , plus a power increment ⁇ P .
  • the efficiency of the generator set 1 for the power output P genset + ⁇ P at each possible operating point will be calculated as the sum of the efficiency ⁇ ( P genset + ⁇ P,i ) saved in the matrix M(P,i) for said possible operating point plus the efficiency of the transition n ⁇ Pgenset ⁇ ( Pgenset + ⁇ P,i ) from the angular speed of the already calculated first optimal operating point ⁇ Pgenset to the angular speed of the heat engine 2 of said second possible operating point ⁇ ( P genset + ⁇ P,i ) .
  • This second optimal operating point OptP genset + ⁇ P will have an angular speed ⁇ TM_i of the heat engine 2 and a torque T EG_i of the electric generator 3, which will be referred to as ⁇ Pgenset + ⁇ P and T Pgenset + ⁇ P .
  • the process used for calculating the second optimal operating point is the same as that which will be used for obtaining the rest of the optimal operating points of the generator set 1.
  • the process to be followed for selecting the optimal operating points of the generator set 1 from the second optimal operating point is an iterative process, as seen in Figure 4B , in which steps 203, 204 and 205 are performed in each iteration.
  • step 203 of the flow diagram of Figure 4B the power P genset for which the optimal operating point is to be selected is increased by ⁇ P .
  • step 204 the efficiency of the generator set 1 is calculated for each possible operating point at that new power P genset as the sum of the efficiency previously calculated in the matrix M(P,i) for each possible operating point at said new power P genset plus the efficiency of the transition from the angular speed of the optimal operating point at the already calculated immediately preceding power ⁇ Pgenset to the angular speed of the heat engine 2 of each possible operating point at the new power P genset , selecting the operating point at which the efficiency of the generator set 1 is maximum as the optimal operating point at the new power P genset .
  • the method of the invention selects the operating point having the highest efficiency for each power increment, giving priority to those heat engine speed transitions that have greater efficiency in the transition itself.
  • the method of the invention calculates the efficiency of the transition from a first angular speed of the heat engine 2 to a second angular speed of the heat engine 2 as a function of at least one of the following variables: the time that the heat engine 2 needs to perform said transition, the thermal efficiency of the heat engine 2 when performing said transition, and the fuel consumption of the heat engine 2 when performing said transition, a weight being assigned to each of them if more than one of said variables is used.
  • the values of efficiency of the transition from a first angular speed of the heat engine 2 to a second speed of the heat engine 2 are saved in 3 matrices.
  • the efficiency of the transition from each of the possible angular speeds of the heat engine 2 to each of the speeds of said heat engine 2 based on the time needed to perform said transition is saved in a T matrix. Said efficiency is inversely proportional to the time used by the heat engine 2 to perform the transition.
  • the efficiency of the transition from each of the possible angular speeds of the heat engine 2 to each of the speeds of said heat engine 2 based on the thermal efficiency of the heat engine 2 when performing said transition is saved in an R matrix.
  • the efficiency of the transition from each of the possible angular speeds of the heat engine 2 to each of the speeds of said heat engine 2 based on the fuel consumption needed to perform said transition is saved in an F matrix. Said efficiency is inversely proportional to the fuel used by the heat engine 2 to perform the transition.
  • the values saved in matrices T, R and F i.e., the efficiency of the transition from each of the possible angular speeds of the heat engine 2 to each of the speeds of said heat engine 2 based on the time that the heat engine 2 needs to perform said transition, the thermal efficiency of the heat engine 2 when performing said transition, and the fuel consumption of the heat engine 2 when performing said transition, can be provided by the manufacturer of the heat engine, although they could also be obtained empirically.
  • the method of the invention considers in this embodiment three variables for calculating the efficiency of the transition from an angular speed to another angular speed of the heat engine, however, this choice of variables does not intend to limit the present invention, and in other embodiments these or other variables considered as being needed to be taken into account due to their relevance when selecting the optimal operating points could be used, each of them with the most suitable weight depending on their relevance.
  • the method of the invention assigns in this embodiment a weight to the efficiency of the generator set 1 at each possible operating point for each output power of the generator set 1 calculated based on the efficiency of the heat engine 2 and the efficiency of the electric generator 3, and another weight to the efficiency of the transition to the angular speed of the heat engine 2 at each said possible operating point from the angular speed of the heat engine 2 at the operating point previously selected for the immediately preceding power of said generator set 1.
  • w M is the weight assigned to the stationary factor, i.e., to the efficiency of the generator set 1 calculated based only on the efficiency of the heat engine 2 and the efficiency of the electric generator 3, i.e., the efficiency saved in the matrix M
  • w X is the weight assigned to the transient factor associated with the transition from the
  • the method of the invention obtains the optimal operating points of a generator set 1 offline. Once obtained, the data relating to said optimal points is stored in data storage means, from which said data could be obtained. Said data storage means stores the angular speed value of the heat engine 2, the torque value of the electric generator 3 and the output power value of the generator set 1 at the optimal operating points of the generator set 1 which are obtained by means of the method of the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a control system for a generator set 1 comprising a heat engine 2 coupled to an electric generator 3, said system being arranged in communication with the heat engine 2 and the electric generator 3 of said generator set 1, the control system comprising the data storage means in which the angular speed value of the heat engine 2, the torque value of the electric generator 3 and the output power value of the generator set 1 at the optimal operating points of the generator set 1 which are obtained by means of the method of the invention are stored.
  • the system is configured for receiving an output power demand to be provided by the generator set 1.
  • the system selects, from the optimal operating points of the generator set 1 stored in the data storage means, that optimal point the output power of which corresponds to the demanded power, and determines the angular speed value of the heat engine 2 and the torque value of the electric generator 3 of said selected optimal point.
  • the system then acts on the heat engine 2 so that it operates at the angular speed corresponding to the selected optimal point, and on the electric generator 3 so that it provides the torque corresponding to the selected optimal point.
  • the invention also relates to a hybrid vehicle 20 comprising said control system.
  • the invention also relates to a power unit for micronetworks comprising said control system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé pour obtenir et stocker les points de fonctionnement optimaux d'un groupe électrogène comprenant un moteur thermique (2) couplé à un générateur électrique (3), dans lequel le groupe électrogène (1) présente une pluralité de points de fonctionnement possibles, chaque point de fonctionnement comprenant une vitesse angulaire du moteur thermique (2), un couple du générateur électrique (3) et une puissance de sortie du groupe électrogène (1), comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    - obtenir toutes les combinaisons possibles de vitesse angulaire du moteur thermique (2) et de couple du générateur électrique (3) pour chaque puissance de sortie du groupe électrogène (1),
    - calculer le rendement du groupe électrogène (1) dans chacune desdites combinaisons de vitesse angulaire du moteur thermique (2) et de couple du générateur électrique (3) en prenant en compte le rendement du moteur thermique (2) et le rendement du générateur électrique (3) à chacun desdits points de fonctionnement possibles du groupe électrogène (1)
    et caractérisé par les étapes suivantes :
    - sélectionner la combinaison optimale de la vitesse angulaire du moteur thermique (2) et du couple du générateur électrique (3) pour chaque puissance de sortie du groupe électrogène (1) de telle sorte que l'efficacité du groupe électrogène (1) à chacun des points de fonctionnement sélectionnés soit maximale, le calcul dudit rendement comme la somme du rendement du groupe électrogène (1) calculé à l'étape précédente pour chaque point de fonctionnement possible du groupe électrogène (1), et du rendement de la transition vers la vitesse angulaire du moteur thermique (2) audit point de fonctionnement à partir de la vitesse angulaire du moteur thermique (2) au point de fonctionnement précédemment sélectionné pour la puissance immédiatement précédente dudit groupe électrogène (1), et
    - stocker ladite combinaison optimale de la vitesse angulaire du moteur thermique (2) et du couple du générateur électrique (3) pour chaque puissance de sortie du groupe électrogène (1) dans des moyens de stockage de données.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'efficacité de la transition d'une première vitesse angulaire du moteur thermique (2) à une deuxième vitesse angulaire du moteur thermique (2) est calculée en fonction d'au moins une des variables suivantes :
    - le temps dont le moteur thermique (2) a besoin pour effectuer ladite transition, le rendement thermique du moteur thermique (2) lors de l'exécution de ladite transition, et
    - la consommation de carburant du moteur thermique (2) lors de la réalisation de ladite transition,
    un poids étant attribué à chaque efficacité calculée si plus d'une de ces variables est utilisée.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel un poids est attribué au rendement du groupe électrogène (1) à chaque point de fonctionnement possible pour chaque puissance de sortie du groupe électrogène (1) calculée sur la base du rendement du moteur thermique (2) et du rendement du générateur électrique (3), et un autre poids est attribué au rendement de la transition vers la vitesse angulaire du moteur thermique (2) à chacun desdits points de fonctionnement possibles à partir de la vitesse angulaire du moteur thermique (2) au point de fonctionnement précédemment sélectionné pour la puissance immédiatement précédente dudit groupe électrogène (1).
  4. Système de commande pour un groupe électrogène (1) comprenant un moteur thermique (2) couplé à un générateur électrique (3), ledit système étant disposé en communication avec le moteur thermique (2) et le générateur électrique (3) dudit groupe électrogène (1), caractérisé en ce que il comprend les moyens de stockage de données dans lesquels la valeur de la vitesse angulaire du moteur thermique (2), la valeur du couple du générateur électrique (3) et la valeur de la puissance de sortie du groupe électrogène (1) aux points de fonctionnement optimaux du groupe électrogène (1) qui sont obtenus au moyen de la méthode selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 sont stockées, le système étant configuré pour :
    - recevoir une demande de puissance de sortie devant être fournie par le groupe électrogène (1),
    - en sélectionnant, parmi les points de fonctionnement optimal du groupe électrogène (1) stockés dans les moyens de stockage des données, le point optimal dont la puissance de sortie correspond à la puissance demandée,
    - déterminer la valeur de la vitesse angulaire du moteur thermique (2) et la valeur du couple du générateur électrique (3) dudit point optimal sélectionné, en agissant sur le moteur thermique (2) de manière à ce qu'il fonctionne à la vitesse angulaire correspondant au point optimal sélectionné, et
    - agissant sur le générateur électrique (3) afin qu'il fournisse le couple correspondant au point optimal sélectionné.
  5. Véhicule hybride (20) caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un système de contrôle selon la revendication 4.
  6. Unité de puissance caractérisée en ce qu'il comprend un système de contrôle selon la revendication 4.
EP17382906.0A 2017-12-26 2017-12-26 Procédé pour obtenir et stocker les points de fonctionnement optimaux d'un ensemble générateur comprenant un moteur thermique couplé à un générateur électrique Active EP3505379B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES17382906T ES2873074T3 (es) 2017-12-26 2017-12-26 Método de obtención y almacenamiento de los puntos óptimos de operación de un conjunto generador que comprende un motor térmico acoplado a un generador eléctrico
EP17382906.0A EP3505379B1 (fr) 2017-12-26 2017-12-26 Procédé pour obtenir et stocker les points de fonctionnement optimaux d'un ensemble générateur comprenant un moteur thermique couplé à un générateur électrique

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EP17382906.0A EP3505379B1 (fr) 2017-12-26 2017-12-26 Procédé pour obtenir et stocker les points de fonctionnement optimaux d'un ensemble générateur comprenant un moteur thermique couplé à un générateur électrique

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EP3944977A1 (fr) * 2020-07-31 2022-02-02 Volvo Car Corporation Contrôleur de point de fonctionnement

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DE19505431B4 (de) * 1995-02-17 2010-04-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Leistungssteuersystem für Kraftfahrzeuge mit einer Mehrzahl von leistungsumsetzenden Komponenten
US6167339A (en) * 1997-05-30 2000-12-26 Continential Isad Electronic Systems Gmbh Drive system for a vehicle and method for operating a drive system
ES2433373T3 (es) 2006-06-26 2013-12-10 Mosaid Technologies Inc. Procedimiento, aparatos, señales y medios, para la selección de las condiciones de funcionamiento de un grupo generador

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EP3505379A1 (fr) 2019-07-03

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