EP3480460B1 - Pompe volumétrique - Google Patents

Pompe volumétrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3480460B1
EP3480460B1 EP17382733.8A EP17382733A EP3480460B1 EP 3480460 B1 EP3480460 B1 EP 3480460B1 EP 17382733 A EP17382733 A EP 17382733A EP 3480460 B1 EP3480460 B1 EP 3480460B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
diaphragm
volumetric pump
sub
linear actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP17382733.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3480460A1 (fr
Inventor
Iñigo SARD MAYOR
Cristina Ortega Juaristi
Miguel Ángel Carrera Astigarraga
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AVS Added Value Industrial Engineering Solutions SL
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AVS Added Value Industrial Engineering Solutions SL
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B7/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/0009—Special features
    • F04B43/0081—Special features systems, control, safety measures
    • F04B43/009—Special features systems, control, safety measures leakage control; pump systems with two flexible members; between the actuating element and the pumped fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/02—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F04B43/04—Pumps having electric drive
    • F04B43/043—Micropumps
    • F04B43/046—Micropumps with piezoelectric drive

Definitions

  • the invention refers to a mechanical pump for application in spacecraft, in particular in active thermal control systems, namely in Mechanically Pumped Driven Loops (MPDL) also known as Mechanically Pumped Loops (MPL).
  • MPDL Mechanically Pumped Driven Loops
  • MPL Mechanically Pumped Loops
  • the thermal control of spacecraft equipment is an important feature of the spacecraft overall functionality, being one of the main thermal loads the heat generated at the electronic components.
  • PTC passive thermal control
  • ATC active thermal control
  • Passive thermal control does not involve moving parts and relies solely on conductive and radiative heat paths to achieve thermal management, using components such as heat pipes, coatings, multi-layer insulation (MLI), sun shields, radiating fins, etc.
  • Active thermal control requires input power and is commonly used in applications involving high heat loads.
  • a mechanically pumped loop is an active thermal control (ATC) technique that uses a pumping device (a centrifugal or positive displacement pump) to move a fluid within a closed hydraulic circuit (loop).
  • the fluid absorbs heat from a source (components that dissipate heat) and transfers it to a sink (an external surface that rejects heat to space by radiation).
  • Mechanically pumped loops can be categorized as single-phase loops or two-phase loops.
  • MPL Mechanically Pumped Loops
  • centrifugal pumps are not suitable for double-phase loops since they are not self-priming, which are the current trends of the developments due to their higher heat transfer capacity and thermal stability.
  • a reliable and durable mechanical pump would be desirable, in order to allow the application of MPL technology to high-capacity long-life applications, such as unmanned missions, serving telecommunications platforms, nuclear facilities, or any environment where reliability requirements are particularly high.
  • Diaphragm pumps are devices with no tribological issues due to dynamic seals or any other friction elements, so they offer some advantages with respect to the aforementioned documents.
  • the linear actuators used in these devices cannot provide the required strokes against the high-pressure forces typical of the applications indicated above and for the long-life demanded, so the person skilled in the art would not be prompt to use any of these devices as a solution for this problem.
  • EP2930363 A1 discloses a piezoelectric pump for use in a pressurised circuit, comprising a pump chamber, a pressure chamber and a pump diaphragm closing one end of the pump chamber such that the pressure chamber is defined at the side of the pump diaphragm facing away from the pump chamber.
  • the invention provides a solution for this problem by means of a volumetric pump according to claim 1 or 6.
  • Preferred embodiments of the invention are defined in dependent claims.
  • the invention provides a volumetric pump comprising
  • the invention provides a volumetric pump comprising:
  • the proposed invention improves the performance with respect to other volumetric pumps because of the absence of friction and dynamic seals, thereby increasing the reliability and extending its lifetime and being specially indicated for spacecraft applications, including unmanned missions.
  • the difference between the pressure at both sides of the diaphragm is only the differential pressure caused by the compression, but the diaphragm and, therefore, the actuator, have not to withstand the total fluid pressure. This also improves the lifetime of the pump.
  • first diaphragm is clamped to the chamber does not exclude the possibility that both the first diaphragm and the chamber are manufactured together as a single part. This only makes reference to the fact that the diaphragm does not rotate or pivot with respect to the chamber, but the rotation is also restricted.
  • the linear actuator is connected to the diaphragm by means of a coupling device.
  • the linear actuator is a piezoelectric actuator.
  • the linear actuator is a magnetostrictive actuator.
  • This kind of actuators provide strokes in similar ranges to the piezoelectric actuators with lower actuation voltages and have potentially higher lifetimes since they are made of bulk material actuated electromagnetically.
  • the first diaphragm has a central portion with a central thickness greater than the thickness in any point outside the central portion.
  • This central reinforcement of the diaphragm improves the efficiency of the pump, since it maximizes the volume displacement by limiting the diaphragm deformation.
  • This arrangement is a way of defining a secondary sub-chamber between two diaphragms, the linear actuator being configured to move the two diaphragms as a single piece, since they are solidly attached.
  • the linear actuator is therefore kept outside the contact with the fluid, being a single way of preserving it from an aggressive environment.
  • the second diaphragm has a lower surface than the first diaphragm.
  • the coupling device comprises a protective capsule around the linear actuator, the linear actuator being located inside the secondary sub-chamber, so that the linear actuator is adapted to move the first diaphragm without being in direct contact with the working fluid of the secondary sub-chamber.
  • the inlet and/or the outlet valve comprises
  • valves of these embodiments are aimed for simplicity and reliability, since no electronic parts or controlled elements are present; the valves of these embodiments are passive valves, and are therefore less prone to be damaged.
  • the inlet valve and/or the outlet valve is operated by a secondary piezoelectric actuator.
  • valve of these embodiments are aimed for better performance, since the valve of these embodiments may be synchronized with the movement of the main actuator, not depending on fluid-dynamic effects.
  • Figure 1 shows an exploded view of a first embodiment of a volumetric pump 1 according to the invention.
  • This volumetric pump 1 comprises
  • the chamber 2 comprises a compensation port 26, intended to provide fluid communication between one of the sub-chambers and the inlet port 23.
  • Figure 2 provides a side cross section of such a volumetric pump 1. In this figure, the internal arrangement of each element may be seen.
  • the chamber 2 is divided into a main sub-chamber 21 and a secondary sub-chamber 22 by means of the first diaphragm 5.
  • the first diaphragm 5 has a first face 51 oriented towards the main sub-chamber 21 and a second face 52 opposite to the first face 51, being therefore oriented towards the secondary sub-chamber 22.
  • An outer edge 53 of the first diaphragm 5 is clamped to the chamber, thus dividing the chamber 2 into a main sub-chamber 21 and a secondary sub-chamber 22.
  • Both the main sub-chamber 21 and the secondary sub-chamber 22 are intended to be full of working fluid, so the difference between the pressure in the first face 51 and the second face 52 of the first diaphragm 5 is only due to the differential pressure provided by the first diaphragm movement.
  • the inlet port 23, covered by the inlet valve 31, and the outlet port 24, covered by the outlet valve 32, are located in the main sub-chamber 21.
  • the inlet port 23 is in fluid communication with the pump inlet 25, where the working fluid enters the pump system.
  • the first diaphragm 5 has a central portion 54 with a thickness which is greater than the thickness in any point outside the central portion 54.
  • a compensation port 26 located in the secondary sub-chamber 22 is intended to provide a fluid communication between the secondary sub-chamber 22 and the inlet port 23, so that the pressure at both sides of the first diaphragm 5 (i.e., in the main and secondary sub-chambers) is similar, and, as mentioned above, only differs due to the differential pressure provided by the first diaphragm movement.
  • the secondary sub-chamber is limited between the first diaphragm 5 and a second diaphragm 7.
  • This second diaphragm 7 is solidly attached to the first diaphragm 5 by means of a rigid shank 91, so that the first diaphragm 5, the shank 91 and the second diaphragm 5 constitute a single element. Both the first diaphragm 5 and the second diaphragm 7 are clamped to the inner wall of the chamber 2 in two different zones, thus limiting their movements.
  • the linear actuator 6 does not need to be isolated from the working fluid, since it is located outside the secondary sub-chamber 22. It contacts the second diaphragm 7 and, since this second diaphragm 7 constitutes a single element with the first diaphragm 5 by the solid attachment with the shank 91, the linear actuator 6 is able to move the first diaphragm 5 without a direct contact.
  • Figure 3 shows a cross section of a second embodiment, which has some differences with respect to the first embodiment shown in Figure 2 .
  • the chamber 2 is a closed cavity, and is divided into two sub-chambers by the first diaphragm.
  • the linear actuator 6 is located inside the secondary sub-chamber 22, inside a protective capsule 92 which isolates the linear actuator 6 from the working fluid which fills the secondary sub-chamber 22. This protective capsule 92 does not prevent the linear actuator 6 from acting over the first diaphragm 5, transmitting the linear reciprocating movement thereto.
  • Figures 4a and 4b show a cross section of the volumetric pump 1 of Figure 2 , so that its operation may be observed.
  • the embodiment shown in Figure 3 works in the same manner.
  • the displacement of the first and second diaphragms 5, 7 has been exaggerated for the sake of understanding the working principle.
  • the inlet valve 31 and the outlet valve 32 are arranged to control the flow across the inlet port 23 and the outlet port 24 respectively.
  • the linear actuator 6 is arranged to cause an alternating displacement in the single element constituted by the first diaphragm 5, the rigid shank 91 and the second diaphragm 7, at an operation frequency, thus causing a variation in the volume comprised within the main sub-chamber 21, as may be observed in the difference between Figures 4a and 4b .
  • the variation of the volume comprised in the main sub-chamber 21 is caused by the elastic deformation of the first diaphragm 5, since the outer edge 53 thereof is clamped to the main chamber 2 and does not displace during this volume variation.
  • FIG. 5 shows a detail of the inlet valve 31.
  • the outlet valve has an analogue structure. In these figure, the following elements may be observed:
  • valves 31 and/or 32 are operated by a secondary piezoelectric actuator instead.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Pompe volumétrique (1) comprenant
    une chambre (2) divisée en une sous-chambre principale (21) et une sous-chambre secondaire (22) par une première membrane (5), la première membrane (5) comprenant une première face (51) orientée vers la sous-chambre principale (21) et une deuxième face (52) opposée à la première face (51) et orientée vers la sous-chambre secondaire (22) et un bord externe (53) qui est serré dans la chambre (2) ;
    au moins un orifice d'entrée (23) et au moins un orifice de sortie (24) qui sont situés dans la sous-chambre principale (21) et sont couverts par au moins une vanne d'entrée (31) et une vanne de sortie (32) respectivement ;
    un orifice de compensation (26) qui est situé dans la sous-chambre secondaire (22), cet orifice de compensation (26) étant en communication fluidique avec l'orifice d'entrée (23) ;
    caractérisée en ce que la pompe volumétrique comprend en outre un actionneur linéaire (6) raccordé à une extrémité à la première membrane (5) et à une extrémité opposée à une surface de la sous-chambre secondaire (22) et qui est configuré pour provoquer un déplacement en va-et-vient dans la première membrane (5), provoquant ainsi une variation du volume de la sous-chambre principale (21).
  2. Pompe volumétrique (1) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'actionneur linéaire (6) est raccordé à la première membrane (5) au moyen d'un dispositif de couplage (91, 92).
  3. Pompe volumétrique (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, dans laquelle l'actionneur linéaire (6) est un actionneur piézoélectrique ou un actionneur magnétostrictif.
  4. Pompe volumétrique (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la première membrane (5) a une portion centrale (54) avec une épaisseur plus grande que l'épaisseur en tout point à l'extérieur de la portion centrale (54).
  5. Pompe volumétrique (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, dans laquelle le dispositif de couplage comprend une capsule protectrice (92) autour de l'actionneur linéaire (6), l'actionneur linéaire (6) étant situé à l'intérieur de la sous-chambre secondaire (22), de sorte que l'actionneur linéaire (6) soit adapté pour déplacer la première membrane (5) sans être en contact direct avec le fluide de travail de la sous-chambre secondaire (22).
  6. Pompe volumétrique (1) comprenant
    une chambre (2) divisée en une sous-chambre principale (21) et une sous-chambre secondaire (22) par une première membrane (5), la première membrane (5) comprenant une première face (51) orientée vers la sous-chambre principale (21) et une deuxième face (52) opposée à la première face (51) et orientée vers la sous-chambre secondaire (22) et un bord externe (53) qui est serré dans la chambre (2) ;
    au moins un orifice d'entrée (23) et au moins un orifice de sortie (24) qui sont situés dans la sous-chambre principale (21) et sont couverts par au moins une vanne d'entrée (31) et une vanne de sortie (32) respectivement ;
    un orifice de compensation (26) qui est situé dans la sous-chambre secondaire (22), cet orifice de compensation (26) étant en communication fluidique avec l'orifice d'entrée (23) ;
    caractérisée en ce que la pompe volumétrique comprend en outre un actionneur linéaire (6) raccordé à une extrémité à une deuxième membrane (7), la deuxième membrane (7) étant raccordée à la première membrane (5) par interposition d'une tige rigide (91), et l'actionneur linéaire (6) est configuré pour provoquer un déplacement en va-et-vient dans la première membrane (5), provoquant ainsi une variation du volume de la sous-chambre principale (21).
  7. Pompe volumétrique (1) selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle l'actionneur linéaire (6) est un actionneur piézoélectrique ou un actionneur magnétostrictif.
  8. Pompe volumétrique (1) selon la revendication 6 ou 7, dans laquelle la première membrane (5) a une portion centrale (54) avec une épaisseur plus grande que l'épaisseur en tout point à l'extérieur de la portion centrale (54).
  9. Pompe volumétrique (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, dans laquelle
    la sous-chambre secondaire (22) est limitée entre la première membrane (5) et la deuxième membrane (7), la deuxième membrane (7) étant solidement attachée à la première membrane (5) au moyen de la tige rigide (91) qui est agencée coaxialement à l'actionneur linéaire (6) ; et
    l'actionneur linéaire (6) est situé à l'extérieur de la chambre (2) et en contact avec la deuxième membrane (7), de sorte que lorsque l'actionneur linéaire (6) se déplace, il déplace la deuxième membrane (7) et la connexion solide entre la deuxième membrane (7) et la première membrane (5) au moyen de la tige rigide (91) fait en sorte que la première membrane (5) se déplace également.
  10. Pompe volumétrique (1) selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle la deuxième membrane (7) a une surface inférieure à celle de la première membrane (5).
  11. Pompe volumétrique (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la vanne d'entrée (31) comprend
    un bord serré (311) qui est serré sur la sous-chambre principale (21) dans l'orifice d'entrée (23) ; et
    une extrémité libre (312) qui permet au fluide de travail d'entrer dans la sous-chambre principale (21) par sa flexion vis-à-vis du bord serré (311).
  12. Pompe volumétrique (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans laquelle la vanne d'entrée (31) est mise en fonctionnement par un premier actionneur piézoélectrique secondaire.
  13. Pompe volumétrique (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la vanne de sortie (32) comprend
    un bord serré (321) qui est serré sur la sous-chambre principale (21) dans l'orifice de sortie (24) ; et
    une extrémité libre (322) qui permet au fluide de travail de sortir de la sous-chambre principale (21) par sa flexion vis-à-vis du bord serré (321).
  14. Pompe volumétrique (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, dans laquelle la vanne de sortie (32) est mise en fonctionnement par un deuxième actionneur piézoélectrique secondaire.
EP17382733.8A 2017-11-02 2017-11-02 Pompe volumétrique Active EP3480460B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17382733.8A EP3480460B1 (fr) 2017-11-02 2017-11-02 Pompe volumétrique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17382733.8A EP3480460B1 (fr) 2017-11-02 2017-11-02 Pompe volumétrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3480460A1 EP3480460A1 (fr) 2019-05-08
EP3480460B1 true EP3480460B1 (fr) 2021-06-23

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EP17382733.8A Active EP3480460B1 (fr) 2017-11-02 2017-11-02 Pompe volumétrique

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113137363B (zh) * 2021-04-26 2022-03-29 长春工业大学 一种无阀双腔谐振压电驱动式胰岛素泵

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2146016A1 (de) * 1971-09-15 1973-03-22 Erich Becker Vorrichtung zum sichern und ggfs. verbessern einer membranpumpe
FR2772436B1 (fr) 1997-12-16 2000-01-21 Centre Nat Etd Spatiales Pompe a deplacement positif
JP3985023B2 (ja) 2001-03-19 2007-10-03 彰三 勝倉 ポンプ装置
US20050238506A1 (en) * 2002-06-21 2005-10-27 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Electromagnetically-actuated microfluidic flow regulators and related applications
JP2005016367A (ja) * 2003-06-25 2005-01-20 Sharp Corp 圧電ポンプおよびスターリング冷却庫
US8267675B2 (en) * 2008-06-16 2012-09-18 GM Global Technology Operations LLC High flow piezoelectric pump
FR2946100B1 (fr) 2009-05-28 2011-06-03 Centre Nat Etd Spatiales Procede et dispositif d'echeance thermique diphasique a pompe a engrenages sur roulements
EP2930363B1 (fr) * 2014-04-10 2020-06-10 Stichting Nationaal Lucht- en Ruimtevaart Laboratorium Assemblage de pompes piézoélectriques et circuit sous pression fourni avec celui-ci

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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