EP3479877A1 - Appareil d'extinction destiné à éteindre des incendies - Google Patents

Appareil d'extinction destiné à éteindre des incendies Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3479877A1
EP3479877A1 EP18204717.5A EP18204717A EP3479877A1 EP 3479877 A1 EP3479877 A1 EP 3479877A1 EP 18204717 A EP18204717 A EP 18204717A EP 3479877 A1 EP3479877 A1 EP 3479877A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extinguishing
control unit
fires
dispensing
threshold value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18204717.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Angelo Rondino
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3479877A1 publication Critical patent/EP3479877A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/04—Control of fire-fighting equipment with electrically-controlled release
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
    • A62C37/44—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device only the sensor being in the danger zone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0045—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using solid substances, e.g. sand, ashes; using substances forming a crust

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an extinguishing apparatus for extinguishing fires.
  • the inventions concerns a double-action extinguishing apparatus for extinguishing fires comprising an atomized liquid system and an aerosol dispensing system based on inorganic salts.
  • extinguishing apparatus exploits an aerosol, that is a mixture comprising a gaseous medium wherein extinguishing agents in a solid form are dispersed.
  • a common aerosol extinguishing apparatus acts by means of an ultrafine dispersion of the extinguishing agent due to its evaporation, followed by the condensation thereof.
  • the aerosol system for its ability to spread in the atmosphere is similar to a gas and therefore is a suitable means for extinguishing fires.
  • a limit to this kind of extinguishing apparatus arises when the temperature is relatively high. In such operative conditions, an aerosol is quickly subjected to condensation and its extinguishing ability is compromised.
  • an atomized water system shows some limits as regards its diffusion in the surrounding environment.
  • the properties of the atomized water are not similar to those of a gas or aerosol system, so that the diffusion modality and the extinguishing power of fires are lower when comparing these two alternative systems.
  • a second object of the invention is to make available in the field of fires extinguishing in closed and narrow rooms, a reliable method for extinguishing fires comprising a sequence of steps from a) to e), as successively defined in the present description.
  • a first advantage of the present invention is to provide an extinguishing apparatus and an extinguishing method, which are able to extinguish fires at high temperatures and in closed and narrow rooms, such as for instance the motor compartment of a vehicle.
  • high temperatures are meant temperature values equal to or greater than 200 °C.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide an extinguishing apparatus and an extinguishing method, which are able to promptly decrease the temperatures in places affected by a fire, as well as to reduce the presence of flammable gases. Moreover, the extinguishing apparatus and method according to the invention allow reaching efficiently each portion of the volume affected by the fire.
  • FIG. 1 shows the extinguishing apparatus according to the present invention.
  • the extinguishing apparatus for extinguishing fires of present invention comprises:
  • the extinguishing apparatus operates in automatic mode and is thus managed by a control or central unit 2 acquiring data from one or more heat sensors 8, conveniently located inside the volume wherein the anti-fire action is aimed to be achieved.
  • sensors 8 are located along a line fitting to the shape of the volume to be monitored, also denominated sensors line 4.
  • connection between sensors 8 and control unit 2 may be physical or wireless. According to a preferred embodiment, the invention uses a physical connection by means of one or more electric wires.
  • three sensors may be placed in a volume of about 6 m 3 , preferably at a similar distance each other or distributed in a way to monitor the various microenvironments defined by any bodies present within the volume.
  • the control unit 2 is activated when the data received by thermal sensors 8 differ from the reference values in a significant way.
  • the control unit 2 is managed so as to compare temperature data coming from at least a heat sensor 8 with a pre-set temperature threshold value.
  • this pre-set threshold temperature value is comprised between 130°C and 150°C, preferably between 140°C e 145°C.
  • the reference value refers to the heat amount exchanged for unit of surface and time in standard conditions, that is to say in the absence of fires. Generally, in the absence of fires the temperature does not exceed 120°C.
  • control unit 2 transmits activation signals respectively to the system for atomizing and dispensing an atomized liquid and to the aerosol dispensing system.
  • Thermal sensors may be of different types, such as integrated thermoelectric sensors, sensors based on semiconductor junctions or thermo-mechanical sensors.
  • the relevant data for the activation of the extinguishing apparatus is correlated to a significant temperature increase in the volume wherein the apparatus operates.
  • the activation of the apparatus involves the transmission of a signal 6 from the control unit 2 to a cylinder 1 containing a liquid, preferably an aqueous solution of an extinguishing agent.
  • the extinguishing agent is selected from the substances known for the extinguishing properties or combination thereof. This agent may be present in the aforementioned aqueous solution in a concentration ranging from 1% to 8% by weight, preferably from 2 to 5% by weight.
  • the cylinder 1 is equipped with an electrovalve to activate it.
  • the volume of cylinder 1 increases as a function of the volume where fires have to be counteracted. For example, in a volume of 5 m 3 a cylinder of about 3 liters can be used.
  • the cylinders used are commercial cylinders, commonly used for water or similar fire extinguishers.
  • the transmitted signal starts the water atomization by means of a dedicated nebulizer; the atomized water flows into the pipe 3 until reaching the nozzles 7 from which it emerges.
  • the pipe 3 has a variable length and diameter according to the volume in which the fire-fighting apparatus operates. Generally, in environments of the type of the above given example, the pipe reaches lengths equal to 4 meters and has a diameter from 8 to 10 millimeters.
  • the number of nozzles is strongly influenced by the presence of obstacles that prevent the distribution of the atomized liquid inside the entire volume, and the arrangement of the nozzles does not necessarily need to be regular.
  • the atomizing and dispensing system of atomized liquid comprises a cylinder 1 containing an aqueous solution of an extinguishing agent, a valve, pipes connected to the cylinder 1 by a solenoid valve and provided with one or more nozzles 7 for the emission of the atomized solution.
  • the function performed by the atomized water is to decrease the temperature and the flammable gases.
  • the control unit sends a second signal to the aerosol dispenser.
  • Said second signal is generally provided after a period of about 10-15 seconds starting from the activation of the atomization system.
  • the aerosol dispensing system 5 provides for the delivery of the gaseous mixture containing one or more extinguishing substances dispersed in a solid phase.
  • Extinguishing substances are substances known to suppress fire and /or inhibit combustion.
  • the extinguishing agents are generally used in the form of inert gases, foams or powders for the generation of aerosols.
  • the extinguishing agent used in the aerosol dispensing system 5 is a potassium-based solid compound, preferably potassium bicarbonate or potassium nitrate.
  • the aerosol dispensing system 5 comprises a container for the aerosol emission containing at least one extinguishing agent and an electric wire for transmitting the signal from the control unit 2.
  • extinguishing apparatus involves the implementation of a method for extinguishing fires comprising the following steps:
  • step e) follows step d) with a time delay ranging from 5 to 45 seconds, preferably from 10 to 25 seconds.
  • the threshold temperature value is generally preset at values between 130°C and 150°C, preferably between 140°C and 145°C.
  • reference volume means the volume of the environment wherein the extinguishing apparatus carries out the fire-fighting function.
  • the control unit 2 by means of the sensors 8, detects the start of the fire and activates the extinguishing system. In this step the water atomization system will be first activated.
  • the aerosol extinguishing system based on potassium salts will be activated automatically.
  • the aerosol is more effective at the decrease of the temperature and in the absence of vapors.
  • the fact that the atomized water supply precedes the aerosol delivery optimizes the operating conditions in which the latter acts.
  • the discharge of atomized water reduces the irradiation of the heat by suddenly lowering the temperatures.
  • the reasons underlying this phenomenon lie in the following factors:
  • Atomized liquid is neither toxic nor harmful to the environment; it is not corrosive on metals, rubbery materials and plastics.
  • One of the advantages of the present invention lies in the fact that after the fire is extinguished, there will be no solid residues on the surfaces concerned.
  • the present invention exploits the advantages of the atomization extinguishing systems and resolves the limits thereof by a specific implementation combined with an aerosol extinguishing system, which is suitably activated to compensate the deficiencies of the first system and to complete the extinguishing of a fire. This result is also obtained in those cases where the spray nozzles are posteriorly positioned inefficiently and the fire principle is not attainable.
  • a further advantage of the combined system lies in the fact that small and not too large cylinders are sufficient, thus reducing their weight and sizes, and making it easier their positioning.
  • the present invention is particularly advantageous for extinguishing fires generated in the engine compartment, lithium battery compartment, and preheater compartment of civil, military, railway vehicles, agricultural and construction machinery, turbines, industrial kitchens.
  • the apparatus described above is suitable for fire classes A, B, C, D.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
EP18204717.5A 2017-11-07 2018-11-06 Appareil d'extinction destiné à éteindre des incendies Withdrawn EP3479877A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT201700126607 2017-11-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3479877A1 true EP3479877A1 (fr) 2019-05-08

Family

ID=61527118

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18204717.5A Withdrawn EP3479877A1 (fr) 2017-11-07 2018-11-06 Appareil d'extinction destiné à éteindre des incendies

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP3479877A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3664901A4 (fr) * 2017-08-07 2021-04-28 Fireaway Inc. Agent d'extinction d'incendie humide-sec

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6189623B1 (en) * 1997-07-02 2001-02-20 Federalny Tsentr Dvoinykh Tekhnology “Sojuz” Method of extinguishing a fire, system for its realization and fire extinguishing generator used, in particular, in said system
EP2617467A1 (fr) * 2012-01-20 2013-07-24 Kidde Technologies, Inc. Système d'extincteur à décharge multiple
WO2015121654A1 (fr) * 2014-02-12 2015-08-20 Lifeline Fire & Safety Systems Limited Améliorations apportées aux systèmes d'extinction d'incendie ou relatives à ceux-ci

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6189623B1 (en) * 1997-07-02 2001-02-20 Federalny Tsentr Dvoinykh Tekhnology “Sojuz” Method of extinguishing a fire, system for its realization and fire extinguishing generator used, in particular, in said system
EP2617467A1 (fr) * 2012-01-20 2013-07-24 Kidde Technologies, Inc. Système d'extincteur à décharge multiple
WO2015121654A1 (fr) * 2014-02-12 2015-08-20 Lifeline Fire & Safety Systems Limited Améliorations apportées aux systèmes d'extinction d'incendie ou relatives à ceux-ci

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3664901A4 (fr) * 2017-08-07 2021-04-28 Fireaway Inc. Agent d'extinction d'incendie humide-sec

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