Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
  • F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
  • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
  • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
  • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
  • F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
  • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
  • F25B41/385—Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in parallel on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
  • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
  • F25B41/39—Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in series, i.e. multi-stage expansion, on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
  • F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
  • F25B5/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in series
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
  • F25B6/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in parallel
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
  • F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
  • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
  • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
  • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
  • F25B2400/0411—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the expansion valve or capillary tube
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
  • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
  • Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine

Definitions

• the field of the present invention is that of refrigerant circuits for a heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning system, especially for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle. It relates to a refrigerant circuit which comprises a first heat exchanger and which is associated with a heat transfer liquid circuit via a second heat exchanger.
• a motor vehicle is commonly equipped with a refrigerant circuit for modifying a temperature of an air contained inside a passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.
• the document US 2015/0121939 discloses a refrigerant circuit of the aforementioned type including in particular an accumulator downstream of two parallel circuit portions, a first portion comprising a first valve, a first expansion device and a first heat exchanger and a second portion comprising a second valve, a second expansion device and a second heat exchanger.
• a refrigerant circuit of the aforementioned type including in particular an accumulator downstream of two parallel circuit portions, a first portion comprising a first valve, a first expansion device and a first heat exchanger and a second portion comprising a second valve, a second expansion device and a second heat exchanger.
• the mass flow rate management inside the first portion and the second portion is random, which is unsatisfactory.
• An object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerant circuit which offers a satisfactory solution to the problem referred to above.
• An object of the present invention is a refrigerant circuit inside which a refrigerant circulates, the refrigerant circuit comprising at least a first heat exchanger arranged to heat-treat a first air flow and at least a second heat exchanger arranged to exchange calories with a coolant circulating inside a coolant circuit comprising a source of energy.
• the refrigerant circuit inside which a refrigerant fluid is able to circulate comprises at least a first heat exchanger and at least a second heat exchanger, characterized in that the refrigerant circuit comprises a first branch provided with a first expansion device, the first branch having a common branch point to a second branch and a third branch, the second branch being provided with a second expansion device and the first heat exchanger, the second expansion device being interposed between the branch point and the first heat exchanger, the third branch being provided with the second heat exchanger and a first expansion member, the second heat exchanger being interposed between the bypass point and the first relaxing organ.
• the refrigerant circuit advantageously comprises at least one of the following characteristics taken alone or in combination:
• the second expansion device comprises a second expansion element of constant section
• the second expansion device comprises a first control valve of a refrigerant circulation in the second branch interposed between the bypass point and the second expansion member.
• a first control valve is for example a sealing valve, especially a proportional valve or all or nothing;
• the first expansion member is a refrigerant flow rate control valve
• the refrigerant circuit is advantageously provided with an accumulator
• the accumulator is interposed between the first heat exchanger and a connection point common to the second branch and the third branch;
• the accumulator is disposed downstream of a connection point common to the second branch and to the third branch, in a direction of circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the refrigerant circuit;
• the first heat exchanger is designed to thermally treat a first air flow and in that the second heat exchanger is arranged to exchange calories with a heat transfer liquid circulating inside a liquid circuit coolant comprising a source of energy;
• the third branch is provided with a first pass of the second heat exchanger.
• the invention also relates to a thermodynamic circuit in which circulates a refrigerant fluid.
• a thermodynamic circuit includes the refrigerant circuit detailed herein.
• a first circulation line successively comprises a compressor, a first junction point, a second control valve, a second junction point, the third heat exchanger, a third junction point, a first non-return valve, a fourth point of contact; junction, a first passage of a fourth heat exchanger, a fifth junction point, a second non-return valve, a sixth junction point, the first branch, the branch point, the second branch, a common connection point at the second branch and at the third branch, a third control valve, a seventh connection point and the second passage of the fourth heat exchanger to return to the compressor;
• a second refrigerant circulation line which extends between the first junction point and the sixth junction point, the second circulation line comprising, successively from the first junction point towards the sixth junction point, a fifth exchanger heat and a fourth control valve;
• a third refrigerant circulation line which extends between the second junction point and the seventh junction point and which comprises a fifth control valve
• a fourth circulation line which extends between the connection point and the fifth junction point and which comprises a third non-return valve
• a fifth circulation line which extends between the third junction point and the fourth junction point and which comprises a third expansion member.
• the invention also aims to cover a formed assembly of the thermodynamic circuit detailed in this document and a coolant circuit, wherein the coolant circuit comprises a first pipe comprising a pump, a second heat exchanger of the second heat exchanger and a three-way valve which distributes the heat transfer liquid, either to a second pipe or to a third pipe, the second pipe being a bypass of the third pipe, the third pipe being arranged to exchange calories with the energy source.
• the coolant circuit comprises a first pipe comprising a pump, a second heat exchanger of the second heat exchanger and a three-way valve which distributes the heat transfer liquid, either to a second pipe or to a third pipe, the second pipe being a bypass of the third pipe, the third pipe being arranged to exchange calories with the energy source.
• the invention also relates to a method of implementing such an assembly, wherein the compressor is operated to carry the refrigerant at a high pressure.
• a first mode in which the first expansion device allows expansion, the first expansion member is closed, the first control valve is open, the second control valve is open, the third control valve is open, the fourth control valve is closed, the fifth control valve is closed, the first non-return valve is open, the second non-return valve is open, the third non-return valve is closed and the pump is stopped.
• the first expansion device allows expansion
• the first expansion element is open
• the first control valve is open
• the second control valve is open
• the third control valve is open
• the fourth control valve is closed
• the fifth control valve is closed
• the first non-return valve is open
• the second non-return valve is open
• the third non-return valve is closed and the pump is in operation.
• a third mode in which the first expansion device allows expansion, the first expansion element is closed, the first control valve is open, the second control valve is open, the third control valve is open, the fourth control valve is open, the fifth control valve is closed, the first non-return valve is open, the second non-return valve is open, the third non-return valve is closed and the pump is stopped.
• a fourth mode in which the first expansion device allows expansion, the first expansion member is closed, the first control valve is open, the first second control valve is closed, the third control valve is closed, the fourth control valve is open, the fifth control valve is open, the first non-return valve is closed, the second non-return valve is closed, the Third non-return valve is open and the pump is stopped.
• a fifth mode in which the first expansion device allows expansion, the first expansion device is open, the first control valve is open, the second control valve is closed, the third control valve is closed, the fourth control valve is open, the fifth control valve is open, the first non-return valve is closed, the second non-return valve is closed, the third non-return valve is open and the pump is in operation.
• the first expansion device allows expansion
• the first expansion device is open, the first control valve is closed, the second control valve is closed, the third control valve is open, the fourth control valve is open, the fifth control valve is closed, the first non-return valve is closed, the second non-return valve is closed, the third non-return valve is closed and the pump is in operation.
• a seventh mode in which the first expansion device allows expansion, the first expansion device is open, the first control valve is closed, the second control valve is open, the third control valve is open, the fourth control valve is open, the fifth control valve is closed, the first non-return valve is open, the second non-return valve is open, the third non-return valve is closed and the pump is in operation.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a refrigerant circuit of the present invention.
• FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an alternative embodiment of the refrigerant circuit illustrated in FIG.
• FIG 3 is a schematic illustration of a thermodynamic circuit comprising the refrigerant circuit shown in Figure 1 associated with a coolant circuit.
• FIG 4 is a schematic illustration of a thermodynamic circuit including the refrigerant circuit shown in Figure 2 also associated with a coolant circuit.
• FIG 5 is a schematic illustration of the thermodynamic circuit shown in Figure 3 shown in a first mode of operation, said air conditioning mode.
• Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of the thermodynamic circuit shown in Figure 3 shown in a second mode of operation, said air conditioning mode and cooling of the power source.
• FIG 7 is a schematic illustration of the thermodynamic circuit shown in Figure 3 shown in a third mode of operation, said air conditioning mode and defogging windows.
• Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of the thermodynamic circuit shown in Figure 3 shown in a fourth mode of operation, said heat pump mode.
• Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of the thermodynamic circuit shown in Figure 3 shown in a fifth mode of operation, said heat pump mode and heating of the energy source.
• Figure 10 is a schematic illustration of the thermodynamic circuit shown in Figure 3 shown in a sixth mode of operation, said heat pump mode and cooling of the energy source.
• Figure 11 is a schematic illustration of the thermodynamic circuit shown in Figure 3 shown in a seventh mode of operation, said cooling of the energy source.
• Figure 12 is a schematic illustration of the thermodynamic circuit illustrated in Figure 3 shown in an eighth mode of operation, said heating of the energy source.
• FIG. 13 is a Mollier diagram illustrating a thermal behavior of the thermodynamic circuit illustrated in FIG. 3 used according to the second embodiment of FIG. operation as shown in Figure 6.
• a motor vehicle is commonly equipped with a thermodynamic circuit for modifying a temperature of an air contained inside a cabin of the motor vehicle.
• the thermodynamic circuit comprises a refrigerant circuit 1 such as those represented by way of example in FIGS. 1 and 2.
• the thermodynamic circuit is a closed circuit inside which a cooling fluid circulates.
• the cooling fluid is for example a supercritical fluid such as carbon dioxide referenced R-744.
• the refrigerant fluid is for example still a subcritical fluid such as a fluorinated refrigerant fluid referenced R-134a, or non-fluorinated referenced 1234yf.
• Such a fluid can circulate in the refrigerant circuit 1 illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.
• the refrigerant circuit 1 is able to allow and / or prohibit a circulation of the refrigerant inside at least one branch that the refrigerant circuit 1 comprises.
• the refrigerant circuit 1 is also able to allow at least one expansion, preferably two detents, of the refrigerant fluid inside the refrigerant circuit 1, the two detents being successive to one another, it is in series, inside the refrigerant circuit 1.
• the refrigerant circuit 1 is also able to allow a heat exchange between the refrigerant and at least one air flow passing through a heat exchanger prior to its delivery to the interior of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.
• the refrigerant circuit 1 is also capable of allowing an exchange of heat between the refrigerant and a coolant circulating inside a heat transfer liquid circuit arranged to change a temperature of at least one energy source.
• the refrigerant circuit 1 is also able to regulate a pressure of the coolant distinctly inside heat exchangers that the refrigerant circuit 1 comprises.
• the refrigerant circuit 1 comprises at least a first expansion device 2 for causing a first pressure drop refrigerant.
• the first expansion device 2 is preferably an expansion device with a pressure control loop.
• the first expansion device 2 is a variable section orifice, an electronic expansion valve or the like.
• the refrigerant circuit 1 comprises at least a second expansion device 3 to cause a second pressure drop to the refrigerant.
• the second expansion device 3 is preferably an expansion device without a pressure control loop.
• the second expansion device 3 optionally comprises a first control valve 101 which is able to allow or prohibit a circulation of the refrigerant fluid through it and a second expansion device 5 without a control loop.
• a constant section expansion member otherwise called a fixed section capillary orifice or the like.
• the second expansion member 5 is configured to achieve a constant and predetermined pressure drop.
• the refrigerant circuit 1 also comprises at least a first heat exchanger 6 which is arranged to allow a first heat exchange between the refrigerant and a first air stream 7.
• the first air stream 7 is preferably a flow of air circulating inside a housing of a heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning installation 8 to be delivered inside the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle, with a view to modifying the temperature of the air contained inside the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.
• the refrigerant circuit 1 also comprises at least one second heat exchanger 9 which is arranged to allow a second heat exchange between the refrigerant and a coolant.
• the second heat exchanger 9 comprises, for example, a first passage 10 inside which the refrigerant circulates and a second passage 11 inside which the coolant circulates, the first pass 10 and the second pass 11 being arranged. between them to promote an exchange of calories between the coolant and the coolant.
• the refrigerant circuit 1 finally comprises at least a first expansion member 12 which is able to control an expansion and / or a flow rate of refrigerant fluid passing through the second heat exchanger 9 and which is also adapted to adapt the pressure of the refrigerant fluid.
• the first expansion member 12 is also able to control a heat exchange between the first pass 10 and the second pass 11 and consecutively a temperature of the heat transfer fluid flowing inside the second pass 11.
• the constituent elements of the refrigerant circuit 1 are arranged relative to one another in a particular arrangement within the refrigerant circuit. More particularly, the refrigerant circuit 1 comprises a first branch 13 on which is disposed the first expansion device 2. The first branch 13 is subdivided into a second branch 14 and a third branch 15.
• the second branch 14 comprises the second device 3 and the first heat exchanger 6, the second expansion member 5 being interposed between the first control valve 101 and the first heat exchanger 6.
• the third branch 15 comprises the second heat exchanger 9 and the first 12.
• the refrigerant circuit 1 comprises a branch point 16 where the first branch 13 splits into the second branch 14 and the third branch 15, and a connection point 17 where the second branch meet 14 and the third branch 15. From the branch point 16 to the connection point 17, the second branch 14 comprises the first control valve 101, the second expansion device 5 and the first heat exchanger 6 are used. From the branch point 16 to the connection point 17, the third branch 15 comprises the second heat exchanger 9 and the first detent 12.
• the refrigerant passes through the first expansion device 2 and then flows from the bypass point 16 to the connection point 17.
• the branch point 16 is located upstream of the connection point 17.
• the refrigerant which borrows the second branch 14 is at a third pressure P 3 after undergoing a second expansion inside the second expansion member 5, the third pressure P 3 being lower than the second pressure P 2 . Downstream of the first heat exchanger 6, the refrigerant is at a fourth pressure P 4 .
• a speed of rotation of a compressor that comprises the thermodynamic circuit is controlled to provide a sufficient refrigerant flow rate to the first heat exchanger 6 in order to deliver the first air stream 7 at a temperature required by a user of the motor vehicle.
• the refrigerant flowing through the third branch 15 undergoes a change in flow through the first expansion member 12.
• the refrigerant is thus at a fifth pressure P 5 upstream of the second heat exchanger 9 and is at a pressure of sixth pressure P 6 at the outlet of the first expansion member 12.
• the first expansion member 12 maintains the second heat exchanger 9 at the fifth pressure P 5 for a better performance of the latter and that the first expansion member 12 reinforces such a maintenance of the second heat exchanger. heat 9 at the fifth pressure P5 while compensating for the pressure drop made by the second expansion member 5.
• such an architecture makes it possible to prevent the sixth pressure P 6 from reigning in the second heat exchanger 9 and adjust the sixth pressure P 6 to the fourth pressure P 4 .
• the refrigerant circuit 1 comprises, in addition to all of the aforementioned elements, an accumulator 18 which is arranged on the second branch 14 between the first heat exchanger 6 and the connection point 17.
• the refrigerant is at a seventh pressure P 7 at the output of the accumulator 18.
• Such an architecture makes it possible to maintain the second heat exchanger 9 at the fifth pressure P 5 and adjust the sixth pressure P 6 at the seventh pressure P 7 .
• the first heat exchanger 6 is housed inside the housing of a heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning system 8 and if the thermodynamic circuit 19 comprises a heat exchanger housed on the front face of the motor vehicle.
• the refrigerant circuit 1 is advantageously adapted to a thermodynamic circuit 19 of the present invention, such as that illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 12.
• FIG. 3 illustrates a thermodynamic circuit 19 of the present invention comprising the refrigerant circuit 1 illustrated. in FIG. 1, while FIG. 4 illustrates a thermodynamic circuit 19 of the present invention comprising the refrigerant circuit 1 illustrated in FIG. 2.
• FIGS. 5 to 12 illustrate respective modes of operation of the thermodynamic circuit 19 applicable to the circuit. of refrigerant 1 illustrated in Figure 1 or Figure 2.
• the thermodynamic circuit 19 comprises a compressor 20 for carrying the refrigerant at a high HP pressure.
• the thermodynamic circuit 19 also comprises a third heat exchanger 21 which is arranged to allow a heat exchange with a second air flow 22, such as a flow of air outside the passenger compartment.
• the third heat exchanger 21 is preferably placed in a front face of the motor vehicle.
• the thermodynamic circuit 19 comprises a third expansion member 23 inside which the refrigerant is expanded.
• the thermodynamic circuit 19 comprises a fourth heat exchanger 24 having a first passage 25 and a second passage 26 of coolant which are able to exchange heat with each other.
• the thermodynamic circuit 19 also comprises a fifth heat exchanger 27 which is arranged to exchange calories with the first air stream 7.
• This fifth heat exchanger 27 exchanges calories with the first air stream 7 after an exchange of heat. heat between the first heat exchanger 6 and the first air stream 7.
• the fifth heat exchanger 27 is preferably disposed downstream of the first heat exchanger 6 according to a direction of flow of the first air flow 7 inside the housing of the heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning system 8.
• the fifth heat exchanger 27 can be used in as a heating radiator while the first heat exchanger 6 can be used as an evaporator.
• thermodynamic circuit 19 has a particular architecture to offer different modes of operation, as described below. More particularly, the thermodynamic circuit 19 comprises several circulation lines 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, which complete the third branch 15, through which the refrigerant circulates or does not circulate in the open or closed position of the control valves. 101, 102, 103, 104, 105 or non-return valves 301, 302, 303 that the circulation lines 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, or the third leg 15, comprise. These lines of circulation 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, and the third branch 15 are connected to each other via the point of derivation 16, of the point of connection 17, junction points referenced 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207.
• the thermodynamic circuit 19 comprises a first circulation line 28 which successively comprises the compressor 20, a first junction point 201, a second control valve 102, a second junction point 202, the third heat exchanger 21, a third point of contact. junction 203, a first check valve 301 allowing the passage of refrigerant only from the third junction 203 to a fourth junction point 204. Then, the first circulation line 28 successively comprises the first passage 25, a fifth junction 205 a second non-return valve 302 allowing the passage of the refrigerant only from the fifth junction point 205 to a sixth junction point 206 with the first branch 13.
• the first flow line 28 successively comprises the first expansion device 2 , the branch point 16, the second branch 14 with the first control valve 101 the second expansion element 5, the first heat exchanger 6 and the connection point 17.
• the first circulation line 28 successively comprises a third control valve 103, a seventh connection point 207, the accumulator 18, the second passage 26 to return to the compressor 20.
• the thermodynamic circuit 19 also comprises a second circulation line 29 refrigerant fluid which extends between the first junction point 201 and the sixth junction point 206.
• the second circulation line 29 comprises successively, from the first junction point 201 to the sixth junction point 206, the fifth junction exchanger heat 27 and a fourth control valve 104.
• thermodynamic circuit 19 still includes a third circulation line
• thermodynamic circuit 19 also comprises a fourth circulation line
• the circuit thermodynamic 19 finally includes a fifth line of circulation
• the second pass 11 of the second heat exchanger 9 is part of a heat transfer liquid circuit 33.
• the heat transfer liquid is for example consisting of a mixture of water and glycol, or the like.
• the 33 comprises a pump 34 for circulating the coolant inside the coolant circuit 33.
• the pump 34 is installed on a first pipe 35 which comprises the coolant circuit 33.
• the coolant circuit 33 also comprises a three-way valve 36 which distributes the coolant at the outlet of the pump 34, either to a second pipe 37 or to a third pipe 38.
• the third pipe 38 carries the coolant to exchange calories with a power source 39 , such as a source of electrical energy.
• this energy source can be formed by one or more batteries, and more particularly by the battery supplying an electric propulsion engine of the vehicle.
• the energy source 39 may be a source of mechanical energy, or any other element of the motor vehicle which must be provided with a treatment thermal during its operation.
• the energy source 39 may consist of a participating element of a refrigerant circuit loop dedicated to the thermal control of a particular area of the motor vehicle, including a rear area or the like.
• the second conduit 37 forms a bypass route of the third conduit 38.
• the second conduit 37 and the third conduit 38 meet at a point of attachment 40.
• the point of attachment 40 is placed upstream of the second pass 11 and the pump 34, in a second direction of circulation S 2 of the coolant inside the first pipe 35.
• thermodynamic circuit 19 incorporates the refrigerant circuit 1 illustrated in the variant of FIG. 2, the accumulator 18 illustrated in FIG. 3 being positioned on the third branch 15, between the first expansion member 12 and the liaison point 17.
• thermodynamic circuit 19 is able to operate in various modes with a separate implementation, depending on the mode envisaged, of the first branch 13 and / or the second branch 14 of the refrigerant circuit 1. More in particular, the thermodynamic circuit 19 is able to operate:
• air conditioning mode in which the first air flow 7 is cooled prior to a delivery of the latter inside the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle
• air-conditioning and cooling mode of the energy source 39 in which the first air stream 7 is cooled prior to a delivery of the latter inside the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle and in which the energy source 39 is cooled from the circulation of the coolant liquid,
• heat pump in which the first air stream 7 is heated before it is delivered inside the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle, -
• said heat pump mode and heating of the energy source 39 wherein the first air stream 7 is heated prior to a delivery of the latter inside the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle and wherein the energy source 39 is reheated from the coolant circulation
• energy source cooling in which the energy source 39 is cooled.
• energy source heating in which the energy source 39 is heated up.
• thermodynamic circuit 19 is used in a first mode, called air conditioning, for cooling the first air flow 7 prior to its delivery to the interior of the passenger compartment.
• air conditioning a first mode
• the first expansion member 12, the fourth control valve 104, the fifth control valve 105 and the third check valve 303 are closed and the pump 34 is stopped.
• the refrigerant borrows only the first circulation line 28.
• the refrigerant is compressed inside the compressor 20 to be brought to a high pressure HP, then flows to the first junction point 201, then passes through the second control valve 102 (open position), then flows to the second junction point 202, then flows inside the third heat exchanger 21 inside which the coolant transfers calories to the second air stream 22.
• the refrigerant circulates to the third junction point 203, then borrows the first non-return valve 301, bypassing the third expansion member 23, then flows to the fourth junction point 204, then borrows the first passage 25 within which the coolant transfers calories to the refrigerant present in the second pass 26.
• the refrigerant circulates to the fifth junction point 205, then takes the second non-return valve 302 (open position), then flows to the sixth junction point 206 and takes the first re branch 13, then flows inside the first expansion device 2 where the refrigerant undergoes a first expansion and passes HP high pressure at a first low BPi lower than the HP high pressure.
• the first expansion device 2 is configured to lower the high pressure HP and generate a first low pressure BPi. Then, the refrigerant circulates to the bypass point 16 where the refrigerant borrows the second branch 14 to pass through the first control valve 101 (open position), the second expansion member 5 within which the refrigerant undergoes a second expansion and changes from the first low pressure BPi to a second low pressure BP 2 lower than the first low pressure BPi.
• the second expansion member 5 is configured to adjust the second low pressure BP 2. Then, the refrigerant circulates inside the first heat exchanger 6 to cool the first air flow 7, and then flows to the connection point.
• thermodynamic circuit 19 is used in a second mode, called air-conditioning, for cooling the first air flow 7 prior to its delivery inside the passenger compartment and simultaneous cooling of the energy source 39.
• the fourth control valve 104, the fifth control valve 105 and the third check valve 303 are closed.
• the pump 34 is in operating mode to circulate the heat transfer fluid inside the heat transfer liquid circuit 33 and the three-way valve 36 allows a circulation of refrigerant fluid inside the third pipe 38 and prohibits a flow of refrigerant inside the second conduit 37.
• the refrigerant borrows the first circulation line 28 and preferably the third branch 15, compared to the mode described above.
• the refrigerant is compressed inside the compressor 20 at a high HP pressure, then flows to the first junction point 201, then passes through the second control valve 102 (open position), and then flows until second junction point 202, then circulates inside the third heat exchanger 21 inside which the coolant transfers calories to the second air flow 22.
• the refrigerant circulates to the third junction point 203, then takes the first non-return valve 301, bypassing the third expansion member 23, then flows to the fourth junction point 204, then borrows the first passage 25 inside which the coolant captures calories from the refrigerant fluid present in the second pass 26.
• the refrigerant circulates to the fifth junction point 205, then borrows the second non-return valve 302 (open position e), then flows to the sixth junction point 206 and takes the first branch 13, then flows inside the first expansion device 2 where the refrigerant undergoes a first expansion and switches from HP high pressure to a first BPi low pressure lower than HP high pressure.
• the refrigerant circulates to the bypass point 16 where the refrigerant borrows the second branch 14 and the third branch 15.
• the fraction of refrigerant flowing through the second branch 14 passes through the first control valve 101 (open position), the second expansion member 5 inside which the refrigerant undergoes a second expansion and changes from the first low pressure BPi to the second lower BP 2 pressure lower than the first BPi low pressure.
• the second expansion element 5 is configured to adjust the second low pressure BP 2.
• the refrigerant circulates inside the first heat exchanger 6 to cool the first air flow 7, and then flows to the connection point 17.
• the fraction of refrigerant fluid that takes the third branch 15 circulates inside the first pass 10 of the second heat exchanger 9 to capture calories to the heat transfer liquid present inside the second pass 11, then passes through the first organ detent 12 (open position) which maintains the second heat exchanger 9 at the second low pressure BP 2 .
• the first expansion member 12 adjusts the flow rate and the pressures downstream of the first heat exchanger 6 and the second heat exchanger 9. Then the refrigerant reaches the connection point 17.
• the refrigerant passes through the third control valve 103 (open position), then flows to the seventh junction point 207, then passes through the accumulator 18 inside which any liquid refrigerant remaining liquid is retained, a gaseous phase of the refrigerant circulating inside the second passage 26 of the fourth heat exchanger 24 to return to the compressor 20.
• the coolant is at high pressure HP between the compressor 20 and the first expansion device 2, and that the coolant is at the first low pressure BPi between the first expansion device 2 and the second expansion device 5, and between the first expansion device 2 and the first expansion member 12, and that the coolant is at the second low pressure BP 2 between the second expansion member 5 and the compressor 20 and between the first expansion member 12 and the compressor 20.
• the pump 34 being in operation and the three-way valve 36 being configured to allow a circulation of the heat transfer fluid only inside the first pipe 35 and the third pipe 38 , the heat transfer liquid captures calories at the energy source 39 to transfer them to the coolant at the level of second heat exchanger 9.
• the refrigerant fluid undergoes two successive detents to optimally cool the first air flow 7 and that the refrigerant flow rate inside the second heat exchanger 9 is regulated.
• thermodynamic circuit 19 is used in a third mode, called air conditioning and defogging of windows of the motor vehicle, in which the first air flow 7 is dried and then reheated prior to its delivery inside the vehicle. cabin of the motor vehicle.
• the first expansion member 12, the fifth control valve 105 and the third check valve 303 are closed and the pump 34 is stopped.
• the refrigerant borrows the first circulation line 28 and the second circulation line 29.
• the refrigerant is compressed inside the compressor 20 to be brought to a high pressure HP, then flows to the first point 201.
• a fraction of the refrigerant borrows the second circulation line 29 and another fraction of the refrigerant continues to circulate inside the first circulation line 28.
• the latter crosses the second control valve 102 (open position ), then flows to the second junction point 202, then flows inside the third heat exchanger 21 inside which the refrigerant yields calories to the second air stream 22.
• this fraction of fluid refrigerant circulates to the third point of junction 203, then takes the first non-return valve 301, bypassing the third expansion member 23, then flows to the fourth junction point 204, then takes the first passage 25 within which the refrigerant fraction yields calories to the refrigerant present in the second pass 26. Then the refrigerant circulates until fifth junction point 205, then borrows the second non-return valve 302 (open position), then flows to the sixth junction point 206 where the coolant fraction found the other fraction.
• the latter from the first junction point 201, circulates inside the fifth heat exchanger 27, to heat the first cooled air stream 7 and advantageously dried during its prior crossing of the first heat exchanger 6, then through the fourth control valve 104 (open position) before join the sixth junction point 206.
• the refrigerant fluid also circulates in the first branch 13, then flows inside the first expansion device 2 where the refrigerant undergoes a first expansion and changes from the high pressure HP to a first low pressure BPi lower than the high pressure HP . Then the refrigerant circulates to the bypass point 16 where the refrigerant borrows the second branch 14 to pass through the first control valve 101 (open position), the second expansion member 5 inside which the refrigerant undergoes a second expansion and changes from the first low pressure BPi to a second low pressure BP 2 lower than the first low pressure BP 1; then circulates inside the first heat exchanger 6 to cool and dry the first air flow 7, then flows to the connection point 17, then passes through the third control valve 103 (open position), then circulates until at the seventh junction point 207, then passes through the accumulator 18 inside which any liquid coolant residue is retained, then flows inside the second passage 26 of the fourth heat exchanger 24 to return to the compressor 20 .
• thermodynamic circuit 19 is used in a fourth mode, called a heat pump, in which the first air stream 7 is heated prior to its delivery inside the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.
• the first expansion element 12, the second control valve 102, the third control valve 103 and the first non-return valve 301 are closed and the pump 34 is stopped.
• the refrigerant borrows the second circulation line 29, the third circulation line 30, the fourth circulation line 31, the fifth circulation line 32 and partially the first circulation line 28.
• the refrigerant fluid is compressed inside the compressor 20 to be brought to a high pressure HP, then flows to the first point of junction 201.
• the refrigerant then borrows the second line of circulation 29 and passes through the fifth heat exchanger 27 inside which refrigerant transfers calories to the first air stream 7 to heat the latter prior to its delivery to the interior of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle. Then, the refrigerant passes through the fourth control valve 104 (open position) to reach the sixth junction point 206. Then the refrigerant borrows the first branch 13, then flows inside the first expansion device 2 which is totally open so that no relaxation occurs.
• the refrigerant circulates to the bypass point 16 where the refrigerant borrows the second branch 14 to pass through the first control valve 101 (open position), the second expansion member 5 inside which the refrigerant undergoes a first expansion and HP high pressure passes at a first BPi low pressure lower than the HP high pressure, then circulates inside the first heat exchanger 6 to cool and dry the first air flow 7, then circulates to at the point of connection 17.
• the refrigerant borrows the fourth circulation line 31 and passes through the third non-return valve 303 (open position) to reach the fifth junction point 205.
• the refrigerant borrows the first passage 25 the fourth heat exchanger 24 inside which the coolant transfers calories to the coolant present inside the second 26.
• the refrigerant reaches the fourth junction point 204 and then passes through the third expansion member 23 within which the coolant undergoes a second expansion and goes from the first low pressure BPi to a second low pressure BP 2 lower than the first low pressure BP 1; then circulates inside the third heat exchanger 21 inside which the coolant captures calories to the second air stream 22, that is, heats up on contact with the second air stream 22.
• the coolant reaches the second junction 202 to take the third circulation line 30 and go through the fifth control valve 105 (open position) and join the seventh junction point 207 to take the first line of circulation 28.
• the refrigerant then passes through the accumulator 18 inside which a possible residue of liquid refrigerant is retained, then circulates inside the second passage 26 of the fourth heat exchanger 24 to return to the compressor 20.
• the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the compressor 2 heats the first air flow 7 inside the fifth heat exchanger 27, then successively undergoes two detents including a first relaxation inside.
• the second expansion member 5 to ensure that the pressure remains below a certain threshold inside the first heat exchanger 6 acting as an evaporator against the walls of which a moisture carried by the first air stream 7 is condensed, the first dry air stream 7 then being heated during its crossing of the fifth heat exchanger 27.
• thermodynamic circuit 19 is used in a fifth mode, said heat pump mode and heating of the energy source 39, wherein the first air stream 7 is heated prior to its delivery to the interior of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle and in which the source of energy Figure 39 is heated from the circulation of the coolant.
• the first expansion member 12 is open to provide a refrigerant flow rate inside the second heat exchanger 9, while the second control valve 102, the third control valve 103 and the first valve -return 301 are closed.
• the pump 34 is in operation and the three-way valve 36 allows circulation of the coolant between the first conduit 35 and the third conduit 38 and prohibits such circulation within the second conduit 37.
• the refrigerant borrows the second circulation line 29, the third circulation line 30, the fourth circulation line 31, the fifth circulation line 32 and advantageously the third branch 15, as well as partially the first circulation line 28.
• the refrigerant is compressed inside the compressor 20 to be brought to a high HP pressure, then flows to the first junction point 201.
• the refrigerant then borrows the second line of circulation 29 and passes through the fifth heat exchanger 27 inside which the coolant transfers calories to the first air stream 7 to heat the latter prior to its delivery to the interior of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle. Then the refrigerant passes through the fourth control valve 104 (open position) to reach the sixth junction point 206.
• the refrigerant borrows the first branch 13, then flows inside the first expansion device 2 which is fully open so that no relaxation occurs there. Then the refrigerant circulates to the bypass point 16 where a fraction of the refrigerant borrows the second branch 14 and the other fraction of the refrigerant borrows the third branch 15.
• the fraction of the refrigerant flowing through the second branch 14 passes through the first control valve 101 (open position), the second expansion member 5 inside which the coolant undergoes a first expansion and switches from the high pressure HP to a first low pressure BPi lower than the high pressure HP, then circulates inside the first heat exchanger 6 to cool and dry the first air flow 7, then flows to the connection point 17.
• the fraction of refrigerant fluid that takes the third branch 15 circulates inside the first pass 10 of the second heat exchanger 9 to yield calories to the heat transfer liquid present inside the second pass 11, then passes through the first organ trigger 12 (open position).
• the first expansion member 12 adjusts the flow rate and the pressures downstream of the first heat exchanger 6 and the second heat exchanger 9. Then, this refrigerant fraction reaches the connection point 17.
• the refrigerant borrows the fourth circulation line 31 and passes through the third non-return valve 303 (open position) to reach the fifth junction point 205.
• the refrigerant borrows the first passage 25 of the fourth heat exchanger. heat 24 inside which the coolant transfers calories to the coolant present inside the second passage 26.
• the coolant reaches the fourth junction point 204 and then passes through the third expansion member 23 inside. from which the refrigerant undergoes a second expansion and goes from the first low pressure BPi to a second low pressure BP 2 lower than the first low pressure BP 1; then circulates inside the third heat exchanger 21 inside which the coolant captures calories to the second air stream 22. Then the refrigerant reaches the second junction 202 to take the third circulation line 30 and pass through the fifth control valve 105 (open position) and join the seventh junction point 207 to take the first flow line 28. The refrigerant then flows through the accumulator 18 inside which a possible liquid coolant residue is retained, then circulates inside the second passage 26 of the fourth heat exchanger 24 to return to the compressor 20.
• the refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor 2 heats the first air flow 7 inside the fifth heat exchanger 27 and simultaneously heats the heat transfer liquid to finally heat the energy source 39, and undergoes either expansion within the second expansion member 5, or a flow adjustment through the first expansion member 12, in particular to ensure that the pressure remains below a certain threshold at the interior of the first heat exchanger 6 acting as an evaporator against the walls of which a moisture carried by the first air flow 7 condenses, the first air flow 7 dry being then heated as it passes through the fifth heat exchanger 27.
• thermodynamic circuit 19 is used in a sixth mode, called heat pump mode and cooling of the energy source 39, in which the first air stream 7 is heated before it is delivered inside. of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle and in which the energy source 39 is cooled, from the circulation of the coolant.
• the first expansion member 12 is completely open, while the first control valve 101, the second control valve 102, the fifth control valve 105, the first non-return valve 301 and the second anti-return valve 302 return are closed and the pump 34 is in operation and the three-way valve 36 allows a circulation of the coolant between the first pipe 35 and the third pipe 38 and prohibits such circulation inside the second pipe 37.
• the refrigerant borrows the second circulation line 29, the fourth circulation line 31 and preferably the third leg 15 and a portion of the first circulation line 28.
• the refrigerant is compressed inside compressor 20 to be brought to a high pressure HP, then flows to the first point of junction 201.
• the refrigerant borrows then the second I line of circulation 29 and through the fifth heat exchanger 27 inside which the refrigerant yields calories to the first air stream 7 to heat the latter prior to its delivery to the interior of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle .
• the refrigerant passes through the fourth control valve 104 (open position) to reach the sixth junction point 206.
• the refrigerant borrows the first branch 13, then flows inside the first expansion device 2 inside. of which the coolant undergoes the only expansion that the coolant undergoes inside the thermodynamic circuit 19, according to this mode of operation.
• the refrigerant fluid passes from the HP high pressure to the low BP pressure. Then the refrigerant circulates to the bypass point 16 where the refrigerant borrows the third branch 15.
• the refrigerant circulates inside the first pass 10 of the second heat exchanger 9 to capture calories present in the coolant present inside the second pass 11, then through the first expansion member 12, the latter being fully open. Then the coolant reaches the point of connection 17.
• the refrigerant then borrows the first flow line 28 and passes through the third control valve 103 (open position) and then passes through the accumulator 18 within which a possible fluid residue liquid refrigerant is retained, then circulates inside the second passage 26 of the fourth heat exchanger 24 to return to the compressor 20.
• thermodynamic circuit 19 is used in a seventh mode, said cooling of the energy source 39.
• the first control valve 101, the fourth control valve 104, the fifth control valve 105 and the third non-return valve 303 are closed.
• the pump 34 is in operating mode for circulating the heat transfer liquid inside the heat transfer liquid circuit 33 and the three-way valve 36 allows a circulation of refrigerant fluid inside the third pipe 38 and prohibits a circulation of refrigerant inside the second conduit 37.
• the refrigerant borrows partially the first circulation line 28 and advantageously the third branch 15.
• the refrigerant is compressed inside the compressor 20 at a high pressure HP, then flows to the first junction point 201, then passes through the second control valve 102 (open position), then flows to the second junction point 202, then flows inside the third heat exchanger 21 inside which the refrigerant yields calories to the second flow of air 22.
• the refrigerant then circulates to the third joining point 203, then takes the first non-return valve 301, bypassing the third expansion member 23, then flows to the fourth junction point 204, then takes the first passage 25 inside which the refrigerant yields the coolant circulates to the fifth junction point 205, then takes the second non-return valve 302 (open position), and then flows to the sixth junction point.
• the coolant changes from HP high pressure to a lower BP pressure lower than the HP high pressure.
• the refrigerant circulates to the bypass point 16 where the refrigerant borrows the third branch 15.
• the refrigerant circulates inside the first pass 10 of the second heat exchanger 9 to capture calories heat transfer liquid present at the inside of the second pass 11, then passes through the first expansion member 12, placed in fully open position and within which the refrigerant does not undergo any pressure drop. Then the coolant reaches the point of connection 17.
• the refrigerant then passes through the third control valve 103 (open position), then flows to the seventh junction point 207, then passes through the accumulator 18 inside which a any residual liquid refrigerant fluid is retained and then circulates inside the second passage 26 of the fourth heat exchanger 24 to return to the compressor 20.
• the pump 34 being in operation and the three-way valve 36 being configured to allow a circulation of the heat transfer fluid only inside the first pipe 35 and the third pipe 38, the heat transfer fluid captures calories at the level of the energy source 39 to give them to the coolant at the second heat exchanger 9.
• the coolant undergoes a unique detent for optimally cooling the energy source 39.
• thermodynamic circuit 19 is used in an eighth mode known as the heating up of the energy source 39, in which the energy source 39 is heated from the circulation of the coolant.
• the first expansion member 12 is completely open so that the refrigerant does not undergo any pressure drop or flow reduction, while the first control valve 101, the second control valve 102, the third control valve 103 and the first non-return valve 301, the second non-return valve 302 are closed.
• the pump 34 is in operation and the three-way valve 36 allows a circulation of the coolant between the first pipe 35 and the third pipe 38 and prevents such circulation inside the second pipe 37.
• the refrigerant borrows the second circulation line 29, the third circulation line 30, the fourth circulation line 31, the fifth circulation line 32 and preferably the third leg 15 and partially the first circulation line 28.
• the refrigerant is compressed inside the compressor 20 to be brought to a high HP pressure, then flows to the first junction point 201.
• the refrigerant then flows through the second circulation line 29 and passes through the fifth heat exchanger. heat 27 inside which the refrigerant yields calories to the first air stream 7 to heat the latter prior to its delivery to the interior of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.
• no first air flow 7 circulates inside the housing of the heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning system 8, so that the refrigerant does not yield any calories inside. of the fifth heat exchanger 27. Then, the refrigerant passes through the fourth control valve 104 (open position) to reach the sixth junction point 206. Then the refrigerant borrows the first branch 13, then flows inside the first detent device 2 which is fully open so that no detent occurs therein. Then the refrigerant circulates to the bypass point 16 where the refrigerant borrows the third branch 15.
• the refrigerant circulates inside the first pass 10 of the second heat exchanger 9 to give calories to the coolant present in interior of the second pass 11, then passes through the first expansion member 12 which is in the fully open position and within which no pressure drop occurs. Then the coolant reaches the point of connection 17.
• the refrigerant then takes the fourth circulation line 31 and passes through the third non-return valve 303 (open position) to reach the fifth junction point 205. Then, the refrigerant borrows the first passage 25 of the fourth heat exchanger 24 inside which the coolant transfers calories to the coolant present inside the second passage 26.
• the coolant reaches the fourth junction point 204 and then passes through the third expansion member 23 within which the refrigerant undergoes the single expansion that the refrigerant undergoes inside the thermodynamic circuit 19, according to this mode of operation.
• the coolant changes from the high pressure HP to a low pressure BP lower than the high pressure HP, then circulates inside the third heat exchanger 21 inside which the refrigerant captures calories to the second flow of heat. 22.
• the refrigerant then reaches the second junction 202 to take the third circulation line 30 and cross the fifth control valve 105 (open position) and join the seventh junction point 207 to take the first line of circulation 28
• the refrigerant then passes through the accumulator 18 inside which a residual liquid refrigerant fluid is retained, then flows inside the second passage 26 of the fourth heat exchanger 24 to return to the compressor 20.
• the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the compressor 2 quickly and efficiently heats the heat transfer fluid to finally heat the energy source 39, and undergoes a single expansion inside the third expansion member 23. .
• thermodynamic circuit 19 of the present invention associated with the coolant circuit 33 is able to be thermally controlled effectively. More particularly, such an arrangement of the circuit thermodynamic 19 makes it possible to control separately the first heat exchanger 6, the first expansion device 2 and the first expansion device 12 from a coordinated control of the first heat exchanger 6 and the second heat exchanger 9, especially when these last two are solicited.
• thermodynamic circuit 19 allows smooth smooth transition of the mass flow rate from one to the other of the second branch 14 and the third branch 15, the third heat exchanger 21 indifferently playing the role. evaporator or condenser. More particularly, the first expansion device 2 is able to optimize the HP high pressure for a supercritical or subcritical refrigerant fluid from a mass flow control, the relaxation being a consequence of mass flow control.
• the separation into two branches at the branch point 16 allows the second branch 14 to reduce the pressure at the first heat exchanger 6 through the second expansion device 3 present upstream of the first heat exchanger 6, the pressure of refrigerant prevailing inside the first heat exchanger 6 being lower than the pressure of the refrigerant inside the second heat exchanger 9.
• the separation in two branches at the branch point 16 allows for the third branch To control the flow of coolant through the first expansion member 12.
• the temperature of the first air stream 7 is controlled by the mass flow rate of the refrigerant fluid which is placed under the control of the speed of rotation of the compressor 2.
• the second expansion member 5 is provided for an evaporation temperature to occur. at a lower pressure than for cooling the coolant. In any of the "heat pump" modes discussed above, the second expansion member 5 can also prevent too much pressure being exerted within the first heat exchanger 6, when the latter plays a role of condenser or gas cooler.
• the first expansion member 12 is able not only to maintain an intermediate pressure inside the second heat exchanger 9, in particular from a mass flow control that controls itself an overheating at the outlet of the second heat exchanger 9, to reach the temperature required for the energy source 39, but also to harmonize a refrigerant pressure at the outlet of the first heat exchanger 6 and the second heat exchanger heat 9.
• thermodynamic circuit 19 is able to provide operations in various modes, based on the following behaviors of the first heat exchanger 6 and the second heat exchanger 9, as described in FIG. following table:
• First air stream 7 and A low pressure BP Low pressure BP energy source 39 Behaves as Behaves as cooled ( Figure 6) an evaporator an evaporator
• First airflow 7 and A low pressure BP A high pressure HP energy source 39 Behaves as Behaves as heated ( Figure 9) a condenser / cooler s a condenser / gas cooler gas
• FIG. 13 shows a Mollier diagram illustrating a thermal behavior of the refrigerant circuit 1 illustrated in FIG. 2 and operating according to the second mode illustrated in FIG. 6, said air conditioning and cooling mode of the energy source 39, wherein the first air stream 7 is cooled prior to delivery to the interior of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle and wherein the energy source 39 is cooled from the circulation of the coolant.
• the refrigerant fluid is supercritical, especially a carbon dioxide.
• the segment AB represents the compression of the refrigerant fluid operated by the compressor 20 from the second low pressure BP 2 to the high pressure HP during which the pressure and the enthalpy of the coolant increase.
• the segment BC represents isobaric cooling of the coolant successively inside the third heat exchanger 21 and then the fourth heat exchanger 24.
• the segment CD represents a first isenthalpic expansion carried out inside the first expansion device 2 to 1 inside which the coolant passes from the high pressure HP to the first low pressure BPi.
• the DE segment represents a second isenthalpic expansion carried out inside the second expansion member 5 inside which the coolant flows from the first low pressure BPi to the second low pressure BP 2 .
• the segment EF represents an isobaric cooling of the refrigerant inside the first heat exchanger 6.
• the DH segment represents an isobaric cooling of the refrigerant inside the second heat exchanger 9.
• the HF segment represents an isenthalpic expansion carried out inside the first expansion member 12.
• the segment FA represents in particular a heating of the refrigerant inside the third heat exchanger 21.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=56684037

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Families Citing this family (3)

Family Cites Families (8)

• 2016
  • 2016-05-19 FR FR1654438A patent/FR3051546A1/fr active Pending
• 2017
  • 2017-04-07 WO PCT/FR2017/050838 patent/WO2017198919A1/fr unknown
  • 2017-04-07 CN CN201780042929.2A patent/CN109416206B/zh active Active
  • 2017-04-07 EP EP17720855.0A patent/EP3458783A1/de active Pending

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events