EP3455924A1

EP3455924A1 - Flange for an electrical machine

Info

Publication number: EP3455924A1
Application number: EP17727642.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Tahar HAMITI; Guy Diemunsch; Dominique LHOTELLIER
Original assignee: Institut Vedecom
Current assignee: Institut Vedecom
Priority date: 2016-05-13
Filing date: 2017-05-09
Publication date: 2019-03-20
Also published as: CN109314427A; FR3051298A1; US11108291B2; JP7015297B2; CN109314427B; US20190207457A1; WO2017194872A1; JP2019515642A; FR3051298B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a flange (1) for an electrical machine (100), said flange being configured to at least partially cover winding overhangs (10) that form part of the electrical machine (100), the flange (1) comprising a chamber (5) able to receive a cooling fluid, characterized in that the flange (1) comprises at least one first orifice and at least one second orifice allowing cooling fluid to enter the chamber (5) or allowing cooling fluid to leave the chamber (5), said chamber (5) having a profile that compliments that of at least one winding overhang (10). Said invention is applicable to motor vehicles.

Description

FLASK FOR ELECTRIC MACHINE

The present invention claims the priority of the French application 1654310 filed May 13, 2016 whose content (text, drawings and claims) is hereby incorporated by reference.

The field of the present invention is that of electrical machines, preferably rotating, such as generators or motors. More particularly, these electrical machines are intended to be installed on vehicles, especially automobiles, such as road vehicles or trains. Rotating electrical machines such as generators or motors comprise a stator and a rotor. Coils forming coils are mounted on the stator and permanent magnets are attached to the rotor. The rotor is rotatable by means of a shaft. When the electric machine is a generator, the rotational movement of the rotor facing the coils

15 of the stator makes it possible to generate an electrical energy and when the electric machine is a motor, the rotation of the rotor generates a mechanical energy.

In the case where these electrical machines are used to set the vehicle in motion, the weight of all the elements must be minimized.

20 embedded on the vehicle because this weight directly impacts the autonomy of the electrical source responsible for powering the electric propulsion machine of the vehicle. This search for weight reduction results in an optimization of the compactness of this electric machine, while maintaining the same level of performance.

This situation leads to an increase in the heat produced by the electric machine. It should therefore be cooled to prevent overheating which can lead to a reduction in performance, breakage of some components of the electrical machine, or even the destruction of it.

Among the components to be cooled, the coils, and more particularly the

30 coil heads, are critical elements that size the performance general of the electric machine. Keeping in mind this reduction in the size of the electric machine, it becomes particularly difficult to cool the coil heads effectively.

The invention solves this technical problem by proposing a flange for an electric machine which offers specific cooling of the coil heads while being particularly compact.

The purpose of the present invention is therefore to design an electric machine flange configured to cover at least part of the coil heads forming part of the electrical machine, the flange comprising a chamber that can receive a cooling fluid, characterized in that the flange comprises at least a first orifice and at least a second orifice for a cooling fluid inlet in the chamber or a cooling fluid outlet of the chamber, said chamber having a profile complementary to that of at least one coil head .

Thus, the invention makes it possible to ensure specific cooling of the coil heads by allowing the cooling fluid to be as close as possible to the coil heads. Such cooling can increase the performance of the electric machine while ensuring a footprint and weight that does not strike the autonomy of the electrical source that can equip the vehicle. By complementary profile is meant that the shape of the walls constituting the chamber at least partly follows the shape lines that present the coil heads.

According to various features of the invention taken alone or in combination, it can be provided that:

the chamber is configured to be leakproof with respect to the coil heads,

the first orifices open into the chamber,

the second orifices open into the chamber,

the first orifices are formed on an outer cylindrical face of the flange, also referred to as the peripheral face of the flange,

the second orifices are formed on an inner face of the radially extending flange,

a wall delimiting at least part of the chamber and intended to be at contact of the coil heads is continuous. By this is meant that this wall is not interrupted by orifices that lead into the receiving area of the coil heads. This ensures the sealing of the chamber vis-à-vis the coil heads.

5 - the flange comprises a receiving zone intended to accommodate a rotation bearing of the electric machine.

the chamber is entirely delimited by the flange, by the first orifice and the second orifice,

the flange comprises a separating plate dividing the flange into an outer part and an inner part, the separating plate also dividing the chamber into an outer chamber situated on the outer part and an inner chamber situated on the inner part,

the separating plate extends radially and towards the outside of the flange beyond a peripheral face delimiting the external part and the internal part,

The separating plate comprises at least one slot allowing communication between the outer chamber and the internal chamber,

the internal chamber has a profile complementary to that of at least one coil head,

- The inner chamber has a section "U". Thus, it is ensured that

At least three faces of the coil head will be cooled. This section "U" being visible in a longitudinal section of the flange.

- The flange comprises a plurality of first and second orifices for an inlet or a cooling fluid outlet of the chamber, said openings opening on a peripheral face of the flange. So the room

It may include a plurality of inlets and multiple outlets depending on the desired coolant flow rate in the chamber.

- The holes on the outer part are angularly offset from the holes on the inner part. Thus the orifices are not located on the same longitudinal axis of the flange, this offset then makes it possible to force the

Cooling fluid to circulate in rotation about the longitudinal axis of the flange.

the separating plate comprises notches allowing a circulation of the cooling fluid between an external cylindrical space located on the side of the outer part and an internal cylindrical space located on the side of the inner part. These notches allow both to regulate the flow of the cooling fluid in the chamber, as well as the pressure drops and to provide a cooling path bypassing the chamber.

5 - the chamber is delimited by two half-disks between which extends a semi-circular bottom so as to delimit at least one housing complementary to at least one head of coils,

- The flange comprises a single circular housing for receiving a plurality of coil heads. This embodiment is particularly suitable for distributed winding.

the flange comprises a ring which surrounds an inner part of the flange and delimits at least part of the chamber,

the ring comprises radial projections delimiting a cavity and having at least one hole,

At least one projection extends in the housing and delimits the chamber, the latter being in communication with the cavity through the hole.

The invention also relates to an electric machine comprising:

a plurality of coils,

A stator comprising a stack of laminations on which the coils are mounted, the plurality of coils having coil heads, each coil head protruding longitudinally from the stack of laminations,

a rotor movable in rotation inside the stator by means of a shaft, characterized in that it comprises at least one flange as defined

25 previously. Thus, the invention makes it possible to provide an electric machine with improved cooling that guarantees an increase in performance in a reduced size and weight.

According to various features of the invention, taken alone or in combination, provision may be made for:

the electric machine comprises a plurality of circulation flows for the cooling fluid formed on an outer face of the stator. These flow streams are sealed relative to the stator, so that the fluid does not does not go inside the stator. These flow streams allow the cooling fluid to flow along the outer peripheral face of the stator. Preferably, the stator comprises fins on its outer face.

- The chamber of the flange is sealed relative to the coil heads. Thus, when the flange is mounted on the electrical machine, the coolant entering the chamber does not come into direct contact with the coil heads.

- The electrical machine comprises a first flange and a second flange disposed on either side of the stator, the flanges being symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry passing through the middle of the stator. Thus, the chambers located inside the first flange are also symmetrical chambers formed inside the second flange relative to the plane of symmetry passing through the middle of the stator. It is the same for the orifices allowing entry and exit of the cooling fluid.

the electric machine comprises a jacket inside which the stator and at least one flange are arranged, the jacket comprising at least one introduction of cooling fluid and at least one cooling fluid discharge,

each stator sheet comprises at least one opening so as to form a cooling fluid duct above and / or along the coils, the duct extending all along the stator along a longitudinal axis of the electric machine,

the cooling fluid duct over the coils and / or the cooling fluid duct along the coils communicates with the chamber formed inside at least one flange,

The electric machine is an electric motor intended to ensure the movement of a vehicle, in particular an automobile.

Other characteristics, details and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description given below as an indication in relation to drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a half-sectional view of an electric machine according to the invention; - Figure 2 is a perspective view in partial section of a flange according to a first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the flange according to the first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of a flange of the electric machine according to the invention viewed from three quarters, showing a collaboration between a chamber and a coil head;

- Figure 5 is a perspective view in partial section of a flange according to a second embodiment of the invention; Figure 6 is a perspective view of the flange of Figure 5;

- Figure 7 is a perspective view in partial section of a flange according to a third embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view in partial section of the flange of FIG.

7;

Figure 9 is a perspective view of the flange of Figure 8 cooperating with coil heads and stator laminations;

- Figure 10 is a perspective view of an electric machine according to the invention without a jacket;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an electric machine according to the invention comprising a jacket;

FIG. 12 is a half-sectional view of the electric machine with its jacket and equipped with a flange according to the first embodiment or according to the second embodiment,

FIG. 13 is a half-sectional view of the electric machine with its liner and equipped with a flange according to the third embodiment.

It must first be noted that the figures show the invention in a very to implement the invention, said figures can of course be used to better define the invention where appropriate. The references remain the same from one figure to another.

In the following description, the relative notions such as "internal" or "external" are defined with respect to a longitudinal axis L of the flange and / or the electric machine. The notion of "internal" along this longitudinal axis means that the element considered is located or is moving towards the interior of the electrical machine, while the notion of "external" along this longitudinal axis means that the element considered is located or goes to the outside of the electrical machine. The relative notions such as "inside" and "outside" are defined with respect to a radius R of the flange and / or of the electric machine, the notion of "interior" being close to the center of the flange and / or the electrical machine and the concept of outside away from the center, this center may for example be defined by the longitudinal axis L. In the same way the relative notions "above" and

15 "below" must be understood in relation to the coil heads. More particularly, the notion of "above" corresponds to the zone farthest from the longitudinal axis L and the notion "from below" corresponds to the zone closest to the longitudinal axis L, with respect to the coil head considered.

FIG. 1 shows an electric machine 100 according to the invention comprising a stator 9, as well as a shaft 101 driving a rotor 103 in rotation. The electric machine 100 comprises windings forming a plurality of coils 106 having coil heads 10 The stator 9 is formed by a stack of laminations 90 on which the coils 106 are mounted, each coil head 10 protruding longitudinally from the stack of laminations 90. It is considered here that a coil head 10 is the portion of the coil. a coil which protrudes from the stack of laminations 90, this portion being able to take the form of a 180 ° elbow. A coil 106 may thus comprise two coil heads 10, each formed at a longitudinal end of the coil concerned.

The electric machine 100 comprises two flanges 1 disposed at the two ends of the stator 9. Each flange 1 makes it possible to maintain the shaft 101 driving the rotor 103 in rotation via a rotational bearing 105, such as by example a ball bearing. More specifically, as can be seen in the figures, each flange 1 comprises a receiving zone intended for or configured to accommodate the rotation bearing 105. The electrical machine 100 preferably comprises a jacket 102 covering the flanges 1 and the stator 9, 5 along the longitudinal axis L. The flange 1, unlike the liner 102, does not cover the plates 90 of the stator 9 of the electric machine 100, along the longitudinal axis L.

Figures 2 to 1 1 show a flange 1 for electrical machine 100 configured to cover at least partially one or more coil heads 10 of the electric machine 100. A chamber 5 is formed inside the flange 1, c that is to say that the chamber 5 is entirely delimited by the constituent material of the flange 1, the latter being made in one or more rooms, and by the inlet and outlet orifices of the chamber 5. More specifically, it is understood here that the chamber 5 is a closed volume communicating with the outside of the

15 flange 1 through the orifices.

The description to come evokes technical characteristics of a single flange, but it is clear that these technical characteristics are transferable to a plurality of flanges 1 which equips the electric machine 100, in particular at each longitudinal end thereof.

The chamber 5 is delimited by walls of the flange 1 and follows a shape complementary to the shape of the coil heads 10, thus allowing cooling as close as possible to the coil heads 10. By complementary shape, it is understood that the shape of the coil chamber 5 and its walls follow at least in part the shape lines that follow the coil heads 10.

In the various embodiments of the flange 1 described below, the shape complementary to the coil heads 10 is for example in the form of a "U" section 50, such a "U" section defining the chamber 5. This section "U" 50 is visible in a section along the longitudinal axis L of the flange 1 and is located on the inner side of the flange 1, that is to say on the side most

30 near the coil heads 10. The "U" section 50 frames the coil heads

10 above, below and on the outside of the coil heads 10. More specifically, the walls forming the "U" -shaped section 50 are intended to come into contact with at least three faces of the coil heads 10. For this purpose, the "U" -shaped section 50 has a first portion 57 intended to pass through above the coil head 10, a second portion 58 intended to pass below the coil head 10 and a third portion 59 extending along the radial axis R of the flange 1. The third portion 59 makes it possible to connect the first portion 57 passing above the coil heads 10 to the second portion 58 passing below the coil heads 10. Of course, the chamber 5 could comprise in its complementary form to the coil heads. In any other form than a U-shaped section 50, the chamber 5 could for example comprise a T-section outwardly or inwardly of the flange 1, or even an I-section.

The chamber 5 is configured to receive and / or channel a cooling fluid. The chamber 5 then has a seal with respect to the coil heads 10 so that, when the flange 1 is mounted on the electrical machine 100, the cooling fluid in the chamber 5 does not enter an area of the electrical machine 100 where the rotor 103 extends. Thus, the cooling fluid does not come into direct contact with the coil heads 10, which facilitates the design and manufacture of such an electrical machine 100. The cooling fluid is for example a brine-type liquid or oil.

Alternatively, the cooling fluid could be a gas or a gaseous composition such as air or any other gas mixture.

In the various embodiments of the flange 1 described below, the flange 1 is made of at least three parts, as clearly shown in Figures 3 or 8. In the manufacture of the flange 1, these parts are patches, particularly against each other. When the flange 1 is mounted on the electrical machine 100, the latter comprises an outer part 2 exposed towards the outside of the electrical machine 1 00 and an inner part 4 exposed towards the inside of the electric machine 1 00, according to the repository presented above. The outer 2 and inner 4 parts are separated from each other by a

Separating plate 3, these two parts being pressed on each side of the divider plate 3. The outer portion 2 of the flange 1 has a cylindrical shape. The outer part 2 can also be called an outer ring of the flange 1. This outer portion 2 is delimited by an outer face 22, an inner face 24 and an outer cylindrical face 25 and an inner cylindrical face 26. The outer portion 2 also comprises a collar 27 which extends in the axial extension of the inner cylindrical face 26, and a shoulder 28 for providing a bearing surface to the liner 102 of the electric machine 100. The outer portion 2 comprises a groove along a circular guide line opening on the inner face 24. This The groove forms a first portion of the chamber 5 hereinafter referred to as the outer chamber 52. The outer portion 2 also comprises a plurality of grooves 29 open on the inner face 24. The grooves 29 extend radially and are distributed angularly uniformly over the entire circumference of the outer portion 2. These grooves 29 allow a circulation of the cooling fluid between the cylindrical face

25 and the outer chamber 52 via first orifices 72 located on the outer portion 2.

Thus, and as can be seen in the figures, the outer portion 2 of the flange 1 comprises first orifices 72 formed on the outer cylindrical face 25 and opening into the chamber 5. More specifically, the first orifices 72

20 open into the first part of the chamber 5, said outer chamber 52.

The inner portion 4 of the flange 1 is formed by a cylindrical ring. The inner portion 4 is delimited by an outer face 42, an inner face 44 and an outer cylindrical face 45 and an inner cylindrical face 46, according to the previously detailed reference. The inner portion 4 also includes at least one groove along a circular guide line opening onto the outer face 42. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the inner portion 4 comprises two grooves. These two grooves form a second part of the chamber 5 hereinafter internal chamber 54. A "U" shaped wall of the inner part 4 has a dual role: it allows

On the one hand to close the inner chamber 54 and thus contain the cooling fluid and on the other hand to define at least one housing 43 for receiving the coil heads 10, in particular to cooperate in a manner complementary with the shape of the coil head 10 concerned, and more particularly by being in contact therewith. The "U" -shaped wall of the inner part 4 thus has on the inner face 44 the shape complementary to the shape of the coil heads 10.

More particularly, the wall defining at least part of the chamber 5 and intended to be in contact with the coil heads 10 is continuous. By this is meant that this wall is not interrupted by orifices which would open into the zone of reception of the coil heads 10. This makes it possible to ensure the sealing of the chamber 5 vis-à-vis the coil heads 10 The inner portion 4 further comprises at least one second orifice 74. Preferably, this second orifice 74 opens on the outer cylindrical face 45 of the inner portion 4. This or these second orifices 74 are for example oblong and aligned along the longitudinal axis L. The second orifices 74 of the inner portion 4 allow for example a circulation of the cooling fluid

Between the inner chamber 54 and the outer cylindrical face 45.

Thus, and as can be seen in the figures, the inner portion 4 of the flange 1 comprises at least a second orifice 74 opening into the chamber 5. More specifically, the second orifice 74 opens into the second part of the chamber 5, said internal chamber. 54. This second orifice 74 may be arranged in

Through the outer cylindrical face 45.

According to an alternative embodiment, at least one second orifice 74 is formed on an inner face 44 of the inner portion 4 of the flange 1, the inner face 44 extending radially relative to the flange 1. This or these second orifices 74 then have an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis L. By substantially, it is meant that the manufacturing tolerances are included to assert the parallelism. As a reminder, the inner face 44 is a face intended to be located towards the inside of the electrical machine 100, according to the repository detailed above.

Once the inner part 4 and the outer part 2 assembled, the flange 1 is

30 delimited peripherally by a peripheral face 2545 comprising the faces cylindrical outer 25, 45 of the outer portion 2 and the inner portion 4.

Thus, and as can be seen in the figures, the peripheral face 2545 is an outer cylindrical face of the flange 1. The peripheral face 2545, or external cylindrical face of the flange 1, thus comprises first orifices 72 opening into the chamber 5. The peripheral face 2545, or outer cylindrical face of the flange 1, may according to the variant embodiment, comprise at least one second orifice 74 opening into the chamber 5.

In a more general manner, the orifices 72, 74, whether they are first or second, are formed in walls of the flange 1 which are distinct from the walls oriented towards the coil heads 10 or of the walls in contact with the coil heads 10.

In addition, it is noted that the first orifices 72 or the second orifices 74 are in the same numbers as a number of coil heads 10 intended to cooperate with one of the flanges 1.

The separating plate 3 extends radially to the longitudinal axis L of the flange

1 so as to form a disc. The separator plate 3 extends radially beyond the peripheral face 2545 and defines two cylindrical spaces. A first cylindrical space 62 is delimited radially between the outer cylindrical face 25 of the outer portion 2 and the liner 102 and is defined

20 longitudinally between the separator plate 3 and the shoulder 28, the first cylindrical space 62 can then be called outer space. A second cylindrical space 64 is defined radially between the outer cylindrical face 45 of the inner part 4 and the sleeve 102 and is defined longitudinally between the separator plate 3 and the plates 90 of the stator 9, the second cylindrical space 64

25 can then be called internal space. Notches 32 are made in the separator plate 3 to allow a circulation of the cooling fluid between the two cylindrical spaces 62, 64. These notches 32 allow both to regulate the flow of the cooling fluid in the chamber 5 and to provide a cooling path around the room 5.

More specifically, the separator plate 3 preferably extends to the 102, so that the circulation of the cooling fluid between the two cylindrical spaces 62, 64 is possible only by the presence of these notches 32 and the chamber 5. According to an alternative, the separator plate 3 does not extend not up to the jacket 102, so that a crown section above the separator plate 3 also allows a circulation of the cooling fluid between the two cylindrical spaces 62, 64. In this case, the separating plate 3 may be devoid of notches 32.

The separating plate 3 also divides the chamber 5 into the outer chamber 52 located in the outer portion 2 of the flange 1 and into the inner chamber 54 located in the inner portion 4 of the flange 1. The inner chamber 54 is as close as possible to the coil heads and has the shape complementary to the coil heads 10.

It will be noted that the separator plate 3 comprises at least one slot 31 allowing circulation of the cooling fluid between the outer chamber

52 and the inner chamber 54. Advantageously, the separator plate 3 comprises a plurality of slots 31 arranged circularly around an inner edge 36 which delimits the divider plate 3. While the notches 32 are formed in an outer edge 35 of the separating plate 3, it can be seen that the plurality of slots 31 is closer to the inner edge 36 than to the outer edge

35.

To improve the cooling capacity of the flange, it will be noted that the first orifices 72 of the outer portion 2 and the second orifices 74 of the inner portion 4 are offset angularly with respect to one another, thus allowing a circulation of the cooling fluid in rotation around the longitudinal axis L. Here, the orifices 72, 74 of the outer and inner portions 2 and 4 open on the peripheral surface 2545 of the flange 1. Thus, the chamber 5 comprises several inlets and several outlets as a function of the desired flow rate of cooling fluid in the chamber 5.

Furthermore, the notches 32 of the separator plate 3 are offset angularly with respect to the first orifices 72 and the second orifices 74, in order to avoid disturbing the circulation of the cooling fluid passing through these orifices 72, 74.

According to a first embodiment of the flange illustrated in Figures 2 to 4, the inner portion 4 of the flange 1 has a plurality of housings 43 which are open on the inner face 44. These housings 43 are separated from each other 5 by walls 47 extending radially. These radial walls 47 are uniformly distributed over the circumference of the inner portion 4. It is understood here that the flange 1 according to this embodiment comprises housings 43 each receiving at least one coil head 10, and preferably a single coil head. 10. Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, each of the second orifices 74 is located on the same radius of the flange 1 as the radial walls 47.

In longitudinal section, the housing 43 has a profile "U" corresponding to the section "U" 50 mentioned above. The housing 43 is delimited by two half-disks 51 and a semicircular bottom 53 which extends between

The two half-disks 51, thus forming a cavity of complementary shape to a coil head 10. The two half-disks 51 allow the inner chamber 54 to extend on both lateral sides of a coil head 10 Thus, the inner part 4, and more particularly the housings 43 of the inner face 44, matches the shape of each coil head 10 longitudinally,

20 radially, and peripherally, so as to wrap each coil head 10 on all their faces.

This first embodiment is particularly suitable for electrical machines with individual winding, that is to say a winding comprising a winding around a single tooth of the plates 90 forming the stator 9. In such a case, each coil 106 comprises two coil heads 10, and the coil heads 10 are individual and adjacent to each other.

According to a second embodiment of the flange 1 illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, the inner portion 4 of the flange 1 has a single housing 43 which extends peripherally over the entire circumference of the inner portion 4. In other words , the housing 43 here forms a continuous ring delimited above by the first portion 57 of the "U" section 50 of the chamber 5, below by the second portion 58 of the "U" section 50 of the chamber 5 and the bottom of the housing 43 by the third portion 59 of the "U" section 50 of the chamber 5. The outer portion 2 and the separator plate 3 are identical to those of the first embodiment.

This second embodiment of the flange is particularly suitable when the winding of the electrical machine is distributed, that is to say a case where a coil consists of a plurality of windings formed on several teeth of the plates 90 forming the stator 9. This has the effect of changing the shape of the coil heads 10 so that they coalesce and then extend over a greater angular sector than in the context of an individual winding.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, there are no radial walls 47 on the inner face 44 which separates the housings 43. More specifically, the internal part 4 thus comprises only the U-shaped section. 50, of T or I.

This second embodiment offers an advantage in mounting the flange 1 on the electric machine 100, since it is not necessary to match the position of the flange 1 relative to the coil heads 10. The mounting of the flange 1 of the second embodiment can be performed by a simple translation on the stator 9 which can be distributed winding.

According to a third embodiment of the flange 1 illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8, the flange 1 comprises a fourth part called a ring 8. The outer part 2 and the separating plate 3 are identical to the first embodiment and the second embodiment of FIG. realization and we will refer to the corresponding description to know the technical characteristics.

The ring 8 is cylindrical in shape and has an outer cylindrical face 85 for forming the outer cylindrical face of the inner portion 4. This outer cylindrical face 85 defines the outer portion 57 of the "U" section 50 of the chamber 5. In general, the ring 8 at least partially surrounds the internal part 4 and contributes to the delimitation of the chamber 5 of the

Flask 1. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the face outer cylindrical 85 is devoid of second orifices 74. However, alternatively, the ring 8 may comprise second orifices 74 opening on the peripheral face 2545 of the flange 1 and more particularly on the outer cylindrical face 85 of the ring 8.

The ring 8 comprises projections 81 which extend radially towards the inside of the flange 1, that is to say which extend towards the center of the flange 1, here represented by the longitudinal axis L. The internal part 4 has grooves 48 open on its inner face 44 and intended to receive the projections 81. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the inner part 4 comprises radial walls 47 on its inner face 44 forming a plurality of housings 43, as in the first embodiment of the flange 1. Of course, the inner portion 4 provided with grooves 48 may comprise a single housing 43 circular, as in the second embodiment of the flange.

The projection 81 improves the heat exchange by increasing the contact surface between the cooling fluid, via the flange 1, and the coil head (s). This projection is arranged to be housed in an empty portion of the head of the coil. coil 10, this portion being the area around which the wires of the coil 106 are bent to form the coil head 10 in the form of a 180 ° bend. In section, this projection 81 thus has a semi-circular profile, closed to its

20 distal end and open on the chamber 5 at its junction with the outer cylindrical surface 85 of the ring 8. These projections 81 thus form fingers oriented towards the center of the flange 1. Moreover, these fingers protect the son of the coil heads 10 during the winding operation.

This projection 81 is recessed so as to allow an outlet or a coolant inlet of the chamber 5. It thus comprises at least one hole 82 for allowing a circulation of the cooling fluid between the internal chamber 54 and a part recess 86 of the projection 81. It is also noted that each projection 81 has an orifice, said third orifice, comparable to the second orifices 74 of the chamber 5 allowing a fluid outlet from the part

Recessed 86.

Moreover, as can be seen in FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrating the flange 1 according to the third embodiment and its cooperation with the coil heads 10 and with the plates 90 of the stator 9, each recessed portion 86, and more particularly the third orifice, communicates with openings 95 formed in plates 90 of stator 9. These openings 95 are formed in the plates 95 so as to create at least one duct 56 passing through the stator longitudinally. Thus, in addition to cooling the coil heads 10, this third embodiment of the flange 1 offers the possibility of cooling the electrical machine 100 all along the stator 9, by supplying cooling fluid longitudinal conduits 56. A coil 106 is therefore the result of a first winding portion formed around a projection 81 forming a coil head 10 combined with a second winding portion wound around a tooth

94 formed by the stack of plates 90 of the stator 9.

In this third embodiment of the flange 1, the plates 90 of the stator 9 bear on the ring 8. The coil heads 10 are then located in the housing or 43, depending on the embodiment of the winding.

Each stator plate 90 has at least one opening 95. The opening

95 is for example oblong. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the opening 95 is made in each of the teeth 94 of the plate 90 then materializing the conduit 56 for cooling fluid along the stator 9.

20 and more particularly all along the coils 1 06. According to one variant, the opening 95 can be made on a ring 92 of the sheet 90 then allowing the creation of a conduit 56 for cooling fluid above the coils 106 , the duct 56 always extending all along the stator 9. The opening 95 made on the ring 92 may for example be located in the same radial axis as a tooth 94. According to another variant, each sheet 90 of stator 9 may comprise both openings 95 in each tooth 94 and openings 95 in the ring 92.

Whatever the variant, the duct 56 for cooling fluid arranged above or along the coils 106 communicates with the chamber 5

30 formed inside the flange 1 via the ring 8 and its holes

82. The electric machine 100 is shown in perspective in FIG. 10, devoid of the jacket 102 which surrounds the components of this electrical machine 100. The stator 9 comprises an outer face 91 along which a plurality of coolant circulation flows is formed. These flow flows are sealed in order to prevent any introduction of cooling fluid into the interior of the stator 9. According to one example, each sheet 90 of the stator 9 comprises at least one fin 96 extending radially outwards from the outer face 91. In this case, the circulation flows are arranged between the fins 96. These fins 96 by their twisted shape improve the cooling of the sheets 90.

The electric machine 100 is shown with its folder 102 in FIG. The liner 102 completely covers the flanges 1 and the stator 9 while leaving free the shaft 101 of the rotor rotatably held in each flange 1 by the rotational bearings 105. The liner 102 comprises tubes 104 allowing the choice of an introduction. or an evacuation of the cooling fluid on the flanges 1, in particular in the chamber 5 of the flanges 1. The tubes 104 extend radially outwardly of the electrical machine 100.

FIG. 12 shows a half section of the electric machine 100 with its jacket 102 comprising two flanges 1 according to the first or the second mode

Embodiment. The flanges 1 are arranged longitudinally on either side of the stator 9. This sectional view shows a tube 104 allowing the introduction or the evacuation of the cooling fluid at one of the two flanges 1, and more particularly to the right of the outer cylindrical space 62. Once the cooling fluid is in the outer cylindrical space 62, it can flow along several paths.

The first path allows the cooling fluid to enter the outer chamber 52 via one or more orifices 72 and the grooves 29 located on the outer portion 2. The cooling fluid then passes to the inner chamber 54 via the slots 31 arranged on the divider plate 3 to cool

The coil heads 10. The cooling fluid then exits through the second orifices 74 located on the inner part 4 of the flange 1 and is found in the internal cylindrical space 64.

The cooling fluid can then take the flow of circulation formed between the fins 96 of the stator 9 in order to cool the outer peripheral portion of the plates 90 of the stator 9. In this case, the cooling fluid is then directed towards the second flange 1 opposite the first flange 1 and enters directly into the internal cylindrical space 64 of the second flange 1. The cooling fluid then enters the internal chamber 54 via the second orifices 74 of the inner part 4. The cooling fluid then passes into the outer part 2, in particular into the outer chamber 52 of the flange 1 to be located in the outer part. external cylindrical space 62 of the second flange 1. Then, the coolant borrows the second tube 104 to exit the electric machine 100.

The second path allows the cooling fluid to bypass the chamber 5, that is to say not to enter the chamber 5, and to borrow 15 directly the flow of circulation formed between the fins 96 of the stator 9 passing by the notches 32 of the separator plate 3. The cooling fluid present in the outer cylindrical space 62 passes into the internal cylindrical space 64 while circulating through the notches 32. Such an arrangement also makes it possible to balance the loss of fluid charge of

Cooling by allowing a bypass of the chamber 5 dedicated to the cooling of the coil heads 10.

Note that the two flanges 1 are symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry P radial to the longitudinal axis L of the flange 1 and / or the electrical machine 100 and passing through the middle of the stator 9. Thus, the chamber 5 arranged inside the first flange 1 is symmetrical with the chamber 5 formed inside the second flange 1, with respect to the plane of symmetry P. It is the same for the orifices 72, 74 allowing the entry and the outlet of the cooling fluid in the chambers 5.

It is understood that given the nature of the coolant

Other courses are possible, including combining at least a portion of the first and at least a portion of the second course. FIG. 12 also shows the proximity between the chamber 5 and the coil head 10 since the half-discs 51 and the semi-circular bottom 53 delimiting the "U" -shaped section of the chamber 5 are in contact with the peripheral faces which delimit the coil head 10.

FIG. 13 shows a half section of the electric machine 100 with its jacket 102 comprising two flanges 1 according to the third embodiment. Once the coolant is in the outer cylindrical space 62, it can flow along the first and second courses previously described where possible, but it can also use a third course. The third path begins when the cooling fluid reaches the inner chamber 54 and more particularly when the cooling fluid is in the upper portion 57 of the "U" section 50. The cooling fluid then runs along the wall forming the outer cylindrical face 85 of the ring 8. Then, the cooling fluid extends along the projection 81 and

15 enters the cavity 86 thereof via the hole 82. The cooling fluid then enters the duct 56 created by the openings 95 of each sheet 90 of the stator 9 out of the cavity 86 by the third orifice assimilable to the second orifice 74 of the chamber 5.

After passing longitudinally through the stator, the coolant

20 opens out of the stator 9 directly in the ring 8, precisely in the cavity 86 of the projection 81 of the ring 8, and in the inner chamber 54 of the second flange 1 opposite the first flange 1. The cooling fluid then passes into the outer portion 2 of the flange 1 to meet in the outer cylindrical space 62 of the second flange 1. The cooling fluid finally borrows the second tube 104 to exit the electrical machine 100.

The invention described according to its various embodiments and variants makes it possible to derive an important performance from an electric propulsion motor of a vehicle, in particular an automobile, while maintaining a limited space requirement which makes it possible to dispose the electric motor on the vehicle and to limit his weight.

With identical dimensions or weight, the performance of the electric motor is increased since its cooling is reinforced. Of course, various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art to the flange and to the electrical machine that receives it, insofar as the previously defined chamber 5 is made and / or has the main characteristics of shape complementarity with the coil head and as described herein.

In any event, the invention can not be limited to the embodiment specifically described in this document, and extends in particular to all equivalent means and any technically operating combination of these means.

Claims

1. Flange (1) for an electric machine (100) configured to cover at least part of the coil heads (10) forming part of the electric machine (100), the flange (1) comprising a chamber (5) capable of receiving a fluid of 5, characterized in that the flange (1) comprises at least a first orifice (72) and at least a second orifice (74) allowing a cooling fluid inlet in the chamber (5) or a cooling fluid outlet of the chamber (5), said chamber (5) having a profile complementary to that of at least one coil head (10). o

2. Flange according to claim 1, characterized in that the chamber (5) is configured to be sealed vis-à-vis the coil heads (10).

3. Flange according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a separating plate (3) dividing the flange into an outer portion (2) and an inner portion (4), the separating plate (3) also dividing the bedroom (5) in

An outer chamber (52) on the outer portion (2) and an inner chamber (54) on the inner portion (4).

4. Flange according to claim 3, characterized in that the separating plate (3) extends radially and outwardly of the flange (1) beyond a peripheral face (2545) defining the outer portion (2). and the inner part (4).

5. Flange according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the separating plate (3) comprises at least one slot (31) for communication between the outer chamber (52) and the inner chamber (54).

6. Flange according to any one of the preceding claims taken in combination with claim 3, characterized in that the second

25 orifices (74) on the inner part (4) are angularly offset relative to the first orifices (72) located on the outer part (2).

7. Flange according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the separating plate (3) comprises notches (32) for circulating the cooling fluid between an outer cylindrical space (62) located on the side of the outer portion (2) and an inner cylindrical space (64) located on the side of the inner portion (4).

8. Flange according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the chamber (5) is defined by two half-disks (51) between which extends a semicircular bottom (53) so as to delimit at least a housing (43) complementary to at least one coil head (10).

9. Flange according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a single circular housing (43) for receiving a plurality of coil heads (10).

10. Flange according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a ring (8) which surrounds an inner portion (4) of the flange (1) and at least partially delimits the chamber (5).

1 1. Flange according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the ring (8) comprises radial projections (81) defining a cavity (86) and having at least one hole (82).

12. Flange according to the preceding claim taken in combination with claim 8 or 9, characterized in that at least one projection (81) extends into the housing (43) and defines the chamber (5), said chamber (5). ) communicating with the cavity (86) via the hole (82).

Electric machine (100) comprising:

a plurality of coils (106),

a stator (9) comprising a stack of laminations (90) on which the coils (106) are mounted, the plurality of coils (106) having coil heads (10), each coil head (10) protruding longitudinally from the stack of sheets (90),

a rotor (103) rotatable inside the stator (9) via a shaft (101),

characterized in that it comprises at least one flange (1) defined according to any one of the preceding claims.

14. Electrical machine according to the preceding claim, characterized in that each stator plate (90) comprises at least one opening (95) so as to form at least one duct (56) of cooling fluid above and or along the coils (106), the conduit (56) extending along the stator (9) along a longitudinal axis (L) of the electrical machine (100).

15. Electrical machine according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the conduit (56) of cooling fluid above the coils (106) and / or the conduit (56) of the cooling fluid along the coils (106) communicates. with the chamber (5) arranged inside at least one flange (1).