EP3446071A1 - Brushless dc motor and method for providing an angle signal - Google Patents
Brushless dc motor and method for providing an angle signalInfo
- Publication number
- EP3446071A1 EP3446071A1 EP17710700.0A EP17710700A EP3446071A1 EP 3446071 A1 EP3446071 A1 EP 3446071A1 EP 17710700 A EP17710700 A EP 17710700A EP 3446071 A1 EP3446071 A1 EP 3446071A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sensor
- angle signal
- electrically conductive
- motor
- rotor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
- G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
- G01D5/2006—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils
- G01D5/202—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils by movable a non-ferromagnetic conductive element
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
- G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
- G01D5/22—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature differentially influencing two coils
- G01D5/2208—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature differentially influencing two coils by influencing the self-induction of the coils
- G01D5/2225—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature differentially influencing two coils by influencing the self-induction of the coils by a movable non-ferromagnetic conductive element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02K29/06—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with position sensing devices
- H02K29/12—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with position sensing devices using detecting coils using the machine windings as detecting coil
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D2205/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of means for transferring or converting the output of a sensing member
- G01D2205/70—Position sensors comprising a moving target with particular shapes, e.g. of soft magnetic targets
- G01D2205/77—Specific profiles
- G01D2205/775—Tapered profiles
Definitions
- the invention is based on a brushless DC motor or a method for providing an angle signal according to the preamble of the independent claims.
- servo drives with brushless DC motors for throttle valves or comparable systems are known from the prior art, whose position is varied over a geared transmission.
- the position of the output is the position of the output as a functional Aspect detected.
- a second sensor is required because the translation would require the distinction of several (electrical / mechanical) revolutions.
- the use of the sensor at the output for the engine control is problematic because the backlash can lead to comparatively large angle errors in determining the rotor position.
- By using motors with a high number of electrical poles can be partly dispensed with the mechanical translation (direct drive). In sensorless operation and when using magnetic sensors and double use of permanent excitation, the electrical phase does not correspond to the absolute position of the motor shaft.
- a steering angle sensor for detecting the rotation angle or a rotation angle change of the steering wheel of a motor vehicle in which by means of an electromechanical component an electrical signal dependent on the angle of rotation or a rotation angle is generated.
- a non-contact steering angle sensor consists of a, attached to the end of a steering shaft permanent magnet whose magnetization axis is perpendicular to the axis of the steering shaft. In the region of the permanent magnet is a magnetic field-sensitive sensor, which preferably consists of Hall elements in discrete or integrated form.
- the brushless DC motor with the features of independent claim 1 and the method for providing an angle signal with the features of independent claim 7 have the advantage that by the functionalization of the rotating bell of the brushless DC motor for absolute angle determination of the rotor by means of an eddy current sensor, a cost reduction and a Installation space reduction can be made possible.
- the sensor delivers a measurement signal with a uniqueness of up to 360 ° independent of the pole pair number of the brushless DC motor.
- the measuring signal can be used, for example, for the commutation of the stator coils, which is essential in particular for jerk-free starting in electric vehicles.
- the sensor can be used in addition to the engine control for regulating the output or the useful function. It can thus be dispensed with a second sensor.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a brushless DC motor external rotor comprising a stator, a rotor, a rotating bell, and a sensor which determines an angular position of the rotor.
- a target with at least one electrically conductive track is applied to the co-rotating bell and the sensor is designed as an eddy current sensor with at least one coil, wherein the sensor radially spaced from the target is arranged so that the at least one electrically conductive track at least one coil at least partially covered, wherein the sensor as a function of the overlap of the at least one coil by the at least one electrically conductive track provides an angle signal which uniquely represents the absolute angular position of the rotor up to 360 °.
- an angle signal which represents an angular position of a rotor of a brushless DC motor, wherein the DC motor is designed as an external rotor with a rotating bell.
- the angle signal is generated as a function of the overlap of at least one coil of a sensor designed as eddy current sensor by at least one electrically conductive track of a target, which is applied to the co-rotating bell, wherein the angle signal represents the absolute angular position of the rotor up to 360 °.
- the gist of the invention is to provide an electrically conductive trace on the rotating bell of the brushless DC motor, attach a corresponding eddy current sensor to measure the absolute angular position, and provide an angular signal representing the absolute angular position.
- the angle signal can be used for commutation of the stator coils and / or for regulating the output.
- Embodiments of the invention require less additional compared to Wellenendesenso- ren, which increase the length of the DC motor Space.
- additional sensors on the driven assemblies such as flaps, etc., can be saved.
- the implementation of the eddy current principle with regard to EMC allows a robust measurement independent of static magnetic fields and motor currents.
- the angle signal provided results in better control of the commutation compared to sensorless methods.
- the evaluation and control unit can be understood as meaning an electrical device, such as a control unit, in particular an engine control unit, which processes or evaluates detected sensor signals.
- the evaluation and control unit may have at least one interface, which may be formed in hardware and / or software.
- the interfaces can be part of a so-called system ASIC, for example, which contains a wide variety of functions of the evaluation and control unit.
- the interfaces are their own integrated circuits or at least partially consist of discrete components.
- the interfaces may be software modules that are present, for example, on a microcontroller in addition to other software modules.
- a computer program product with program code which is stored on a machine-readable carrier such as a semiconductor memory, a hard disk memory or an optical memory and is used to carry out the evaluation when the program is executed by the evaluation and control unit.
- a sensor is understood to mean a structural unit which comprises at least one sensor element which directly or indirectly detects a physical variable or a change in a physical variable and preferably converts it into an electrical sensor signal.
- the sensor can generate the angle signal via a measurement of the inductance of the at least one coil as a function of the coverage by the at least one electrically conductive track.
- the at least one coil generates eddy currents in the at least one electrically conductive track, which generate an angle-dependent change in the inductance of the at least one coil.
- This inductance change can be determined in the evaluation and control unit, for example via an LC resonant circuit with frequency counter or with an LR connection and measurement of the decay time.
- the sensor may generate the angle signal via an inductive coupling between at least two coils as a function of the coverage by the at least one electrically conductive track.
- the alternative evaluation concept can, analogously to a transformer, utilize the coupling between two sensor coils with simultaneous coverage by the at least one electrically conductive track.
- the evaluation and control unit the angle signal used for commutation of stator coils and / or output control.
- the evaluation and control unit can output the angle signal to other vehicle systems and / or vehicle functions.
- the angle signal can be generated via a measurement of the inductance of the at least one coil as a function of the overlap by the at least one electrically conductive track.
- the angle signal can be generated via an inductive coupling between at least two coils as a function of the coverage by the at least one electrically conductive track.
- the angle signal for commutation of stator coils of brushless DC motor and / or used for output control of the brushless DC motor and / or output to other vehicle systems and / or vehicle functions.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a brushless DC motor according to the invention as external rotor.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of a developed target, which is mounted on a rotating bell of the brushless DC motor from FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a second exemplary embodiment of a developed target, which is applied to a rotating bell of the brushless DC motor from FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a third exemplary embodiment of a developed target, which is applied to a rotating bell of the brushless DC motor from FIG.
- the exemplary embodiment of a brushless DC motor 1 comprises as external rotor an evaluation and control unit 7, a stator (not shown), a rotor (not shown in detail), a rotating bell 5 and a sensor 10 which determines an angular position of the rotor.
- a target 20, 20A, 20B, 20C with at least one electrically conductive track 22, 22A, 22B, 22C is applied to the co-rotating bell 5, and the sensor 10 is used as an antenna.
- Belstromsensor with at least one coil 12, 14 running.
- the sensor 10 is radially spaced from the target 20, 20A, 20B, 20C arranged so that the at least one electrically conductive track 22, 22A, 22B, 22C at least partially covers the at least one coil 12, 14, the sensor 10 as a function of Coverage of the at least one coil 12, 14 through which at least one electrically conductive track 22, 22A, 22B, 22C provides an angle signal which uniquely represents the absolute angular position of the rotor up to 360 °.
- the evaluation and control unit 7 controls the operation of the brushless DC motor 1 at least three coils of the stator in such a way that a magnetic rotating field is generated, which drives a usually permanently excited rotor (permanently excited synchronous motor). For this purpose, two coils are usually driven simultaneously and the third is de-energized. To detect which two coils have the desired torque effect on the rotor, the rotor position is determined. The rotor position is, for example, in other known from the prior art DC motors
- Hall sensors optical sensors or sensorless realized via the evaluation of the induction voltage in the unused coil.
- the sensorless version is usually used only in applications where little starting torque is needed and where a smooth starting of the engine is not necessarily required, such as when driving propellers.
- a direct position measurement of the rotor is performed in most cases.
- Most direct current motors use a pole pair number Np greater than 1 (typically 4 to 12).
- the electrical control thus commutates four or twelve times within one mechanical revolution.
- the determination of the angular position of the rotor with a uniqueness range of 360 ° allows by modulo division the calculation of the electrical phase position cp (e) according to the following equation (1).
- cp (abs) represents the absolute angular position of the rotor and Np the number of pole pairs.
- a sensor with a smaller uniqueness range or the sensorless determination of the rotor position does not allow extrapolation to the absolute position of the rotor or the output. Thus, even with direct drives without a gearbox, it is not possible to use the rotor position signal for the control of the output.
- Embodiments of the present invention functionalize the co-rotating bell 5 of the DC brushless motor 1 as an external rotor in that a measurement of the absolute angle position is realized with a uniqueness range of 360 °.
- a target 20, 20A, 20B, 20C made of a conductive material is guided past the sensor 10 embodied as an eddy current sensor and generates an angle-dependent change in the inductance of the at least one sensor coil 12, 14. This can be done by the evaluation and control unit 7, for example via a LC resonant circuit with frequency counter or with an LR connection and measurement of the decay time can be determined.
- the target 20, 20A, 20B, 20C forms a cylindrical shell surface, which is applied to the outside of the bell 5, and in each case comprises two electrically conductive tracks 22, 22A, 22B, 22C, which the at least one coil 12, Cover 14 at least partially as a function of the angular position of the rotor or the co-rotating bell 5.
- An alternative evaluation concept could also determine the coupling between two sensor coils 12, 14 with simultaneous coverage by the target 20, 20A, 20B, 20C.
- a thickness and / or a width of the at least one electrically conductive track 22, 22A, 22B, 22C varies over a circulation of 360 °.
- each target 20, 20A, 20B, 20C has two separate electrically conductive traces 22, 22A, 22B, 22C.
- an electrically conductive first track 22.1, 22.1A, 22.1B, 22C extends on the left lateral edge of the cylindrical lateral surface of the target 20, 20A, 20B, 20C and in each case an electrically conductive second track 22.2, 22.2A, 22.2B, 22.2C on the right lateral edge of the cylindrical surface of the target 20, 20A, 20B, 20C.
- the width of the first track 22.1 decreases from top to bottom and the width of the second track 22.2 increases from top to bottom.
- the electrical traces 22A each have the shape of an isosceles triangle in the illustrated second embodiment of the target 20A, wherein the width of the first track 22.1A decreases from top to bottom and the width of the second track 22.2A increases from top to bottom.
- the electrical tracks 22 B in the illustrated third exemplary embodiment of the target 20 B each have the shape of a right-angled triangle, the width of the first track 22.1 B increasing from top to bottom and the width of the second track 22.2 B decreases from top to bottom.
- the electrical traces 22C in the illustrated fourth embodiment of the target 20C analogous to the third embodiment in each case in the form of a right triangle, wherein the triangular areas of the electrical traces 22C in the fourth embodiment are greater than in the third embodiment.
- the width of the first track 22. IC increases from top to bottom, and the width of the second track 22. 2C decreases from top to bottom.
- the sensor 10 in the exemplary embodiments illustrated comprises two coils 12, 14 arranged next to each other, so that the sensor 10 transmits the angle signal via a measurement of the inductances of the two coils 12, 14 as a function of the overlap the at least one electrically conductive track 22, 22 A, 22 B, 22 C generated.
- Embodiments of the inventive method for providing an angle signal which represents an angular position of a rotor of a brushless DC motor 1, wherein the DC motor 1 is designed as an external rotor with a rotating bell 5, generate the angle signal as a function of the coverage of at least one coil 12, 14 as a We- Belstrom sensor sensor 10 by at least one electrically conductive track 22, 22A, 22B, 22C of a target 20, 20A, 20B, 20C, which is applied to the co-rotating bell 5, wherein the angle signal uniquely represents the absolute angular position of the rotor up to 360 ° ,
- the angle signal is generated via a measurement of the inductance of the at least one coil 12, 14 as a function of the coverage by the at least one electrically conductive track 22, 22A, 22B, 22C.
- This method can be implemented, for example, in software or hardware or in a mixed form of software and hardware, for example in the evaluation and control unit 7.
- the evaluation and control unit 7 can use the angle signal for commutation of stator coils of the brushless DC motor 1 and / or for output control of the brushless DC motor 1 and / or output to other vehicle systems and / or vehicle functions.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016206768.0A DE102016206768A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 | 2016-04-21 | Brushless DC motor and method for providing an angle signal |
PCT/EP2017/055449 WO2017182191A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 | 2017-03-08 | Brushless dc motor and method for providing an angle signal |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3446071A1 true EP3446071A1 (en) | 2019-02-27 |
Family
ID=58277269
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17710700.0A Withdrawn EP3446071A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 | 2017-03-08 | Brushless dc motor and method for providing an angle signal |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20190162560A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3446071A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6856665B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20180136451A (en) |
CN (1) | CN109073418A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016206768A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017182191A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3803277B1 (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2022-09-28 | Bosch Car Multimedia Portugal, S.A. | Linear position sensor |
CN110601606B (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-09-22 | 西北工业大学 | Internal power angle control method of brushless direct current motor |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0665967B2 (en) * | 1985-08-27 | 1994-08-24 | 株式会社エスジー | Absolute rotational position detector |
DE19703903A1 (en) | 1997-02-03 | 1998-08-13 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Steering angle sensor |
DE10328339A1 (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2005-01-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Position-sensor for parking stand for motorcycle has permanently-magnetized disk inside housing, with N and S poles separated by diagonal plane and with sensor outside housing |
DE102004033083A1 (en) * | 2004-07-08 | 2006-01-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Eddy current sensor system for acting as a path/angle sensor has coils for generating eddy currents in a conductive transmitter moving in relation to the sensor |
DE102006026543B4 (en) * | 2006-06-07 | 2010-02-04 | Vogt Electronic Components Gmbh | Position encoder and associated method for detecting a position of a rotor of a machine |
US8288908B2 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2012-10-16 | Finkle Louis J | Reconfigurable inductive to synchronous motor |
SE535717C2 (en) * | 2011-05-22 | 2012-11-20 | Johan Linder | Motor unit including a brushless DC motor with control electronics |
CN102403865B (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2013-07-17 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Brushless direct current motor of automobile air conditioner detected on non-contact position |
DE102012100829A1 (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2013-08-01 | Valeo Systèmes d'Essuyage | Device for detecting the angular position of a shaft of an electric motor and windscreen wiper motor with a device for detecting the angular position |
CN202513801U (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2012-10-31 | 冯泽基 | Small permanent magnet brushless direct current motor |
GB2506698A (en) * | 2012-10-02 | 2014-04-09 | Mark Anthony Howard | Detector to measure the relative position of bodies |
FR2998364B1 (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2015-01-02 | Continental Automotive France | AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE INDUCTIVE SENSOR COMPRISING ELECTRIC OSCILLATORS ADAPTED TO FORM ELECTRONIC RESONANCE PHENOMENA TO FORM A VOLTAGE ALTERNATIVE TO THE TERMINALS OF AN EXCITATION COIL |
JP5814445B1 (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-11-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Resolver |
-
2016
- 2016-04-21 DE DE102016206768.0A patent/DE102016206768A1/en active Pending
-
2017
- 2017-03-08 JP JP2018554744A patent/JP6856665B2/en active Active
- 2017-03-08 EP EP17710700.0A patent/EP3446071A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-03-08 US US16/091,925 patent/US20190162560A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-03-08 CN CN201780024511.9A patent/CN109073418A/en active Pending
- 2017-03-08 KR KR1020187030159A patent/KR20180136451A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2017-03-08 WO PCT/EP2017/055449 patent/WO2017182191A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP6856665B2 (en) | 2021-04-07 |
DE102016206768A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
US20190162560A1 (en) | 2019-05-30 |
CN109073418A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
JP2019514013A (en) | 2019-05-30 |
WO2017182191A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
KR20180136451A (en) | 2018-12-24 |
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