EP3430339B1 - Wärmetauscher, insbesondere für ein fahrzeug, speziell ein kraftfahrzeug - Google Patents

Wärmetauscher, insbesondere für ein fahrzeug, speziell ein kraftfahrzeug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3430339B1
EP3430339B1 EP17716945.5A EP17716945A EP3430339B1 EP 3430339 B1 EP3430339 B1 EP 3430339B1 EP 17716945 A EP17716945 A EP 17716945A EP 3430339 B1 EP3430339 B1 EP 3430339B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
heat exchanger
tube
reinforcing part
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17716945.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3430339A2 (de
Inventor
Nicolas Cormet
Jean-Jacques Garcia
Garry PILLER
Stéphane POTTEAU
Nicolas Vallee
Frédéric WASCAT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Publication of EP3430339A2 publication Critical patent/EP3430339A2/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/05316—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05325—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with particular pattern of flow, e.g. change of flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/05316—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05341—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits combined with a particular flow pattern, e.g. multi-row multi-stage radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2225/00—Reinforcing means
    • F28F2225/04—Reinforcing means for conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger, according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular for a vehicle, more particularly for motor vehicles.
  • the document US2564153 A describes such a heat exchanger.
  • heat exchangers comprising a bundle of tubes arranged between two manifolds.
  • One of the manifolds is divided into two compartments by a transverse partition.
  • Each of the compartments communicates with a first or a second part or pass of the bundle of tubes thus defining a so-called U-shaped circulation.
  • the tubes of the first pass and the tubes of the second pass experience a different expansion generating thermal and mechanical stresses at the level of the tubes, in particular of their ends at the level of the contact with the collector plate. .
  • These constraints are all the more important with regard to the tubes located in the interface zone between the two passes, which can lead to leaks or even a rupture between the ends of the tubes and the collector plate, which is to to avoid.
  • An inactive tube also called a dead tube, is a tube in which no fluid circulates. This solution has the drawback of transferring the thermal shock to the tubes adjacent to the inactive tube and significantly penalizes the thermal performance at the surface of the exchanger.
  • the present invention relates in this sense to a heat exchanger according to the title of claim 1.
  • the present invention thus calls for the use of a reinforcement piece which is located between two tubes near their first end.
  • the thermal stresses occurring in this region of the tube bundle can be reduced by virtue of the presence of this reinforcing part.
  • the presence of the reinforcement piece according to the invention contributes to strengthening, as the name suggests, the mechanical support, but also to absorbing the thermal shocks which may occur in the zone of thermal stress concerned, in this case near the first ends of the tubes.
  • the reinforcement piece according to the present invention can absorb by conduction part of the thermal energy coming from the first tube and then transfer it to the second colder tube.
  • the reinforcement piece proposed according to the invention also has the advantage of being able to be easily integrated into the structure of a heat exchanger, which is particularly advantageous in terms of production costs.
  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger 1, in particular a heat exchanger 1 for a vehicle, allowing a heat exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid.
  • the first fluid is, for example, charge air from an engine, to be cooled.
  • the second fluid is, for example, a flow of ambient air coming from the front face of the vehicle, through the grille.
  • Said exchanger 1 comprises a bundle of tubes 4 in which the first fluid circulates.
  • Each tube 4 comprises a first end opening into a first manifold 14 and a second end, opposite to said first end, opening into a second manifold 15.
  • Each manifold 14, 15 comprises a manifold plate 2 and a cover 20 assembled together with the insertion of a seal, or brazed.
  • Said collector plates are, for example, of substantially rectangular shape.
  • Said tubes 4 can also include spacers or turbulators, not shown, arranged inside said tubes 4, to improve the heat exchange and the resistance to internal pressure of said tubes.
  • Inserts 12 are, for example, arranged between these tubes 12, in particular corrugated inserts. Such spacers 12 make it possible to increase the heat exchange surface between the first fluid circulating in said tubes 4 and the second fluid passing through the exchanger 1 between the tubes 4.
  • Said exchanger 1 further comprises, for example, an inlet flange 16 and / or an outlet flange 17 for the first fluid.
  • Said flanges 16 and 17 can be located on each of the manifolds 14 and 15 or on the same manifold, depending on the circulation, in several passes, of the first fluid in the exchanger 1.
  • a heat exchanger 1 whose circulation, called U-shaped, is in two passes.
  • one of the manifolds 14 is divided into first and second compartments by a transverse partition 21 (see figure 3 ).
  • Each of the compartments communicates respectively with a first part and a second part of the tube bundle 4.
  • said exchanger 1 is configured to allow a circulation in series of a fluid in each of the parts of the tube bundle 4 communicating with the two compartments of said manifold 14.
  • the inlet flange 16 and the outlet flange 17 are located on the manifold 14 with two compartments, as shown in FIG. figure 1 .
  • Said first fluid thus enters via the inlet flange 16 into the first compartment and traverses the first part of the bundle of tubes 4, in the direction of the arrow marked F, this part of the path of the fluid representing the first pass.
  • the fluid is then directed by the second manifold 15, comprising a single compartment, to the second part of the bundle of tubes 4 which it traverses in the direction of the arrow marked F ', this part of the path representing the second pass. It then opens into the second compartment of the manifold 14 to finally leave the exchanger 1 via the outlet flange 17.
  • a U-shaped circulation is thus defined for the first fluid.
  • Said fluid circulating in the heat exchanger has a different temperature in each pass, in particular at the start of the first pass where it has not yet been cooled and at the end of the second pass where it has undergone complete cooling.
  • the tubes 4 of the exchanger 1 are, for example, flat and comprise two large opposite parallel flat planes 18, connected by lateral faces 19, here flat but which can also be rounded.
  • the tubes 4 are of substantially rectangular cross section.
  • the distance b between the lateral edges of the tube 4, that is to say the length of said cross section of the tube is called the long axis of the tube. It corresponds to the width of the tube or depth of the beam.
  • the distance a between the two large faces of the tube 4, that is to say the width of said cross section of the tube is called the small axis of the tube. It corresponds to a height of the tube.
  • the collector plate 2 comprises orifices 3 into which the first ends of the tubes 4 open. Said orifices 3 make it possible to secure the tubes 4 to the collector box 14, 15 and are here ordered in a single row in a direction corresponding to the direction d longitudinal extension of the plate, one parallel to the other. Said openings 3 of the collector plate 2 have a shape corresponding to the section of the first ends of said tubes 4.
  • Said manifold plate 2 further comprises means for fixing the cover 20. It may for example be crimping teeth. Said teeth extend along the perimeter of the collector plate 2. These teeth serve to block the cover on the collector plate during assembly.
  • the heat exchanger 1 as described above further comprises a reinforcement piece 6 located between a first tube 4a and a second tube 4b. Said reinforcement piece 6 is disposed near the first ends 5a, 5b of the two tubes 4a, 4b, outside the corresponding manifold 14.
  • the reinforcement piece 6 comprises two opposite faces 7a, 7b respectively in contact with each of said two tubes 4a, 4b, at one of their large face 18.
  • the reinforcement piece 6 also includes a face 8, preferably in contact with the collecting plate 2.
  • the face 8 of the reinforcing piece 6 which is in contact with the collecting plate 2 can be in the form of a protuberance 11 projecting in the direction of the collecting plate 2.
  • each orifice 3 of the collector plate 2 is provided with collars 9.
  • the protuberance 11 of the reinforcing piece is brazed at the level of the collars 9 formed around the orifices 3 of the collector plate 2 in order to strengthen the retention of the reinforcement piece 6 on the heat exchanger 1 of the present invention.
  • edges of said protuberance 11 match the upper and lower edges of the collars of the tubes 4a, 4b.
  • the reinforcement piece 6 thus supplied can be in contact with both the tubes 4a, 4b and the collars 9 of the corresponding orifices 3 of the collector plate 2.
  • the two opposite faces 7a, 7b of the reinforcement piece 6 according to the invention are brazed on the first and second tubes 4a, 4b and arranged between them.
  • the heat exchanger is configured so that the first tube 4a receives a fluid flowing in a predetermined direction and that the second tube 4b receives the fluid flowing in a direction opposite to that of the first tube 4a. Said tubes 4a, 4b are thus located on either side of the partition 21.
  • the heat exchanger is configured so that the end 5a of the first tube 4a situated at the level of the reinforcement piece 6 is an inlet end of the fluid in the tube 4a and so that the end 5b of the second tube 4b located at the level of the reinforcement piece 6, ie one end of the fluid outlet from the tube 4b.
  • a length of the insert 12 located between the tubes opposite the reinforcement piece 6 is shortened relative to the length of the other inserts located between the tubes.
  • the heat exchanger 1 comprises an identical housing located between each interlayer 12 and the collecting plate 2. Said housing is large enough for the reinforcing piece 6 to be located in this housing, without constraining the interlayer located between the tubes 4a, 4b which can then be the same length as the other spacers.
  • the reinforcing piece 6 has a front face 7a and a back face 7b (not visible), opposite and parallel to said front face 7a.
  • the front 7a and dorsal 7b faces are flat. They are connected to each other by lateral faces 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d (10b and 10d not visible).
  • a first 10c of said lateral faces is provided with said protuberance 11.
  • a second 10d of said lateral faces forms a lower face 10d, opposite to said upper face 10c.
  • the other lateral faces 10a, 10b connect said upper 10c and lower 10d faces.
  • Said faces 7a, 7b, 10a-10d here form a rectangular parallelogram.
  • the distance between said other lateral faces 10a, 10b, indicated d in the figure, preferably corresponds to the long axis of the tubes.
  • the reinforcement piece 6 when it is disposed between two tubes 4a, 4b, it can cover the tubes on their long axis, which is particularly advantageous for ensuring sufficient mechanical support and optimal thermal stress reduction.
  • the reinforcement piece 6 illustrated extends to a distance of between 1 and 5 cm, preferably equal to approximately 3 cm, from the collector plate 2.
  • the distance in question, illustrated h aux figures 2 and 4 is measured from a distal edge of the collars. In other words, it is the distance between the lower face 10d and a base of the protuberance 11 of the reinforcement piece 6 or also the height h of the parallelogram mentioned above.
  • the reinforcing piece 6 is here provided with a support means 13 which can rest on said two tubes 4a, 4b, before the reinforcing piece 6 is brazed on the heat exchanger 1.
  • the piece of reinforcement 6 can be maintained between two tubes 4a, 4b without the risk of slipping between them, which greatly facilitates the handling of the proposed reinforcement piece 6, before brazing the bundle of the exchanger 1.
  • the support means 13 is located on one of the other lateral faces 10a and it is intended to come into abutment against a part of the lateral faces 19 of the tubes 4a, 4b . It then facilitates in particular the flat handling of the exchanger, before brazing.
  • Said tubes 4 could be tubes 4 bent with closure of the tube at one of the side faces 19 of the tube 4. In such a case, it will be advantageous to provide the support means 13 along the opposite side face .
  • the reinforcement piece 6 is made of aluminum, like the rest of the bundle.
  • the heat exchanger according to the present invention is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments.
  • the heat exchanger 1 can comprise a plurality of reinforcing parts 6, in particular on either side of that illustrated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Wärmetauscher (1), welcher umfasst:
    - eine Sammelplatte (2), die eine mit Öffnungen (3) versehene Wand aufweist,
    - ein Rohrbündel (4), bei welchem jedes Rohr (4) ein erstes Ende (5) aufweist, das dafür ausgelegt ist, in der entsprechenden Öffnung (3) der Sammelplatte (2) aufgenommen zu werden,
    - ein Verstärkungsteil (6), das zwischen zwei Rohren (4a, 4b) in der Nähe ihres ersten Endes (5a, 5b) angeordnet ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verstärkungsteil (6) zwei gegenüberliegende Seiten (7a, 7b) umfasst, die sich jeweils mit einem der zwei Rohre (4a, 4b) in Kontakt befinden.
  2. Wärmetauscher (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Verstärkungsteil (6) zwischen einem ersten Rohr (4a) und einem zweiten Rohr (4b) angeordnet ist, wobei der Wärmetauscher (1) dafür ausgebildet ist, dass das erste Rohr (4a) ein Fluid aufnimmt, das in einer vorbestimmten Richtung durchfließt, und dass das zweite Rohr (4b) dieses Fluid aufnimmt, das in einer Richtung durchfließt, die zu derjenigen des ersten Rohres (4a) entgegengesetzt ist.
  3. Wärmetauscher (1) nach Anspruch 2, wobei der Wärmetauscher (1) dafür ausgebildet ist, dass ein Ende (5a) des ersten Rohres (4a), das sich an dem Verstärkungsteil (6) befindet, ein Ende des Eintritts des Fluids in das Rohr (4a) ist, und dass ein Ende (5b) des zweiten Rohres (4b), das sich an dem Verstärkungsteil (6) befindet, ein Ende des Austritts des Fluids aus dem Rohr (4b) ist.
  4. Wärmetauscher (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Wärmetauscher (1) dafür ausgelegt ist, einen U-förmigen Durchfluss von Fluid zu ermöglichen.
  5. Wärmetauscher (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Verstärkungsteil (6) eine Seite (8) umfasst, die sich mit der Sammelplatte (2) in Kontakt befindet.
  6. Wärmetauscher (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei jede Öffnung (3) der Sammelplatte (2) mit einem Bund (9) versehen ist.
  7. Wärmetauscher (1) nach Anspruch 6, wobei sich das Verstärkungsteil (6) in Kontakt mit den Bunden (9) der zwei Rohre (4a, 4b) befindet.
  8. Wärmetauscher (1) nach Anspruch 6 oder Anspruch 7, wobei das Verstärkungsteil (6) mit einer Vorderseite (7a) und einer Rückseite (7b) versehen ist, wobei die Vorder- (7a) und die Rückseite (7b) durch laterale Seiten (10a-10d) miteinander verbunden sind, wobei eine (10c) der lateralen Seiten einen Vorsprung (11) aufweist, der so ausgebildet ist, dass er der Sammelplatte (2) zugewandt ist.
  9. Wärmetauscher (1) nach Anspruch 8, wobei der Vorsprung (11) des Verstärkungsteils (6) dafür ausgebildet ist, an den Bunden (9) angelötet zu werden.
  10. Wärmetauscher (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Rohre eine Breite aufweisen, die einer Tiefe des Bündels entspricht, und das Verstärkungsteil (6) sich über die Breite der Rohre erstreckt.
  11. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Rohrbündel (4) Einlagen (12) umfasst, die sich zwischen den Rohren (4) befinden, wobei eine Länge der Einlage (12), die sich zwischen den Rohren (4a, 4b) befindet, zwischen denen das Verstärkungsteil (6) befestigt ist, gegenüber der Länge der anderen Einlagen (12), die sich zwischen den Rohren befinden, verkürzt ist.
  12. Wärmetauscher (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, wobei das Rohrbündel (4) Einlagen (12) umfasst, die sich zwischen den Rohren (4) befinden, wobei die Einlagen (12) von gleicher Länge sind.
  13. Wärmetauscher (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Verstärkungsteil (6) ein Stützmittel (13) aufweist, das geeignet ist, auf den zwei Rohren (4a, 4b) zu ruhen, um das Verstärkungsteil (6) vor dem Löten des Bündels zwischen den zwei Rohren (4a, 4b) zu halten.
  14. Wärmetauscher (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, welcher mehrere Verstärkungsteile (6) umfasst.
EP17716945.5A 2016-03-18 2017-03-16 Wärmetauscher, insbesondere für ein fahrzeug, speziell ein kraftfahrzeug Active EP3430339B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1652307A FR3049049B1 (fr) 2016-03-18 2016-03-18 Echangeur de chaleur, en particulier pour vehicule, plus particulierement pour des vehicules automobiles
PCT/FR2017/050604 WO2017158299A2 (fr) 2016-03-18 2017-03-16 Échangeur de chaleur, en particulier pour véhicule, plus particulierement pour des véhicules automobiles

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3430339A2 EP3430339A2 (de) 2019-01-23
EP3430339B1 true EP3430339B1 (de) 2020-01-29

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17716945.5A Active EP3430339B1 (de) 2016-03-18 2017-03-16 Wärmetauscher, insbesondere für ein fahrzeug, speziell ein kraftfahrzeug

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3430339B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3049049B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2017158299A2 (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2564153A (en) * 1946-08-13 1951-08-14 Garrett Corp Shielded heat exchanger
JPS6122192A (ja) * 1984-07-06 1986-01-30 Ngk Insulators Ltd 熱交換器
US8656988B1 (en) * 2010-03-03 2014-02-25 Adams Thermal Systems, Inc. External reinforcement of connections between header tanks and tubes in heat exchangers

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2017158299A2 (fr) 2017-09-21
WO2017158299A3 (fr) 2017-11-16
FR3049049B1 (fr) 2019-04-19
FR3049049A1 (fr) 2017-09-22
EP3430339A2 (de) 2019-01-23

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