EP3428441A1 - Drive for a pump - Google Patents

Drive for a pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3428441A1
EP3428441A1 EP17180757.1A EP17180757A EP3428441A1 EP 3428441 A1 EP3428441 A1 EP 3428441A1 EP 17180757 A EP17180757 A EP 17180757A EP 3428441 A1 EP3428441 A1 EP 3428441A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
linear motors
pump
drive system
linear
working space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17180757.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ignacio Diaz Diaz
Markus Knorr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP17180757.1A priority Critical patent/EP3428441A1/en
Priority to CN201880046408.9A priority patent/CN110869604A/en
Priority to US16/630,245 priority patent/US11085409B2/en
Priority to EP18734457.7A priority patent/EP3622169B1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2018/065599 priority patent/WO2019011561A1/en
Publication of EP3428441A1 publication Critical patent/EP3428441A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/102—Mechanical drive, e.g. tappets or cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
    • F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
    • F02B63/041—Linear electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M39/00—Arrangements of fuel-injection apparatus with respect to engines; Pump drives adapted to such arrangements
    • F02M39/02—Arrangements of fuel-injection apparatus to facilitate the driving of pumps; Arrangements of fuel-injection pumps; Pump drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/04—Pumps peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • F04B17/04—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids
    • F04B17/042—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids the solenoid motor being separated from the fluid flow
    • F04B17/044—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids the solenoid motor being separated from the fluid flow using solenoids directly actuating the piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06—Control using electricity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2201/00—Pump parameters
    • F04B2201/02—Piston parameters
    • F04B2201/0201—Position of the piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2203/00—Motor parameters
    • F04B2203/04—Motor parameters of linear electric motors
    • F04B2203/0409—Linear speed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pump, in particular a fuel pump, with at least one working space in which a piston limits the working space in a cylinder by means of a drive system and pressurizes a fluid, in particular fuel, present in the working space.
  • the patent has DE102007038529A1 a high-pressure fuel pump with at least one working space to the subject, in which fuel is subjected to high pressure.
  • the high-pressure fuel pump is drivingly coupled to a linear motor.
  • the patent DE102014202937A1 Further develops this approach and describes a pump having a pump cylinder head with a pump cylinder and a pump plunger translatable up and down in a cylinder guide recessed into the pump cylinder.
  • the pump tappet acts on the drive side with a linear drive.
  • the linear drive is mechanically connected to the pump tappet without backlash.
  • linear motors which can absorb high tightening forces.
  • a linear motor design is only profitable if used in a high volume product.
  • the linear motor can also be designed to exceed requested ratings. Pump-specific or oversized linear motors are generally very expensive.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a pump-specific, yet inexpensive drive for fuel pumps.
  • a pump in particular a fuel pump, with at least one working space in which a piston limits the working space in a cylinder by means of a drive system and pressurizes a fluid, in particular fuel, present in the working space, wherein the drive system comprises at least two linear motors includes.
  • Linear motors are preferably designed as direct drives and are therefore characterized by low noise emissions and high power density. They allow translational movements without gears, which is why they are considered to be low in wear and maintenance. An omission of the transmission also creates the prerequisite for a compact design.
  • the drive system of a pump, in particular of a fuel pump, according to the invention comprises at least two linear motors.
  • the linear motors are mainly identical and therefore suitable for series production. This also offers the advantage that linear motors kept as spare parts in stock and can be quickly replaced if necessary.
  • At least 20 electrically and / or mechanically parallel-connected linear motors drive the fuel pump.
  • a particularly safe and reliable operation which also allows a sufficient degree of scaling steps, is achieved with a drive system of 40 to 50 linear motors.
  • a drive system of 40 to 50 linear motors.
  • 128 or more linear motors can also form a drive system.
  • a drive system with a smaller number of linear motors is also possible.
  • a parallel connection of several linear motors also serves to increase the feed force.
  • the linear motors forming the drive system are preferably arranged in parallel on a support.
  • each linear motor has a mechanical power between 40 kW and 85 kW and provides a feed force of up to 20 kN.
  • the drive system preferably has at least one measuring system, at least one control unit for controlling the linear motors and at least one system for data transmission.
  • the measuring system preferably determines a position and / or speed of the linear motors on their respective travel path.
  • the position and / or speed can also be realized via a voltage observation in the linear motor, preferably encoderless.
  • the drive system has exactly one control unit.
  • the control unit controls the drive system.
  • the drive system which comprises at least two linear motors, acts here as just a linear motor.
  • the control unit issues commands to the drive system, in particular regarding the speed.
  • the control unit realizes the already mentioned scaling by controlling only a certain number of linear motors with less power requirement.
  • the data which includes, for example, information on position and speed, as well as the data containing commands to the linear motors are transmitted by means of a system for data transmission between the respective linear motor and the measuring system or the control unit. Also between the measuring system and the control unit is advantageously carried out a system for data transmission. For data transmission, various bus systems or Industrial Ethernet can be used.
  • the invention and a related elimination of expensive and maintenance-intensive mechanical transmission components such as gear and / or cam and / or crankshaft mechanical conversion is greatly simplified.
  • an assembly and handling are facilitated because fewer and smaller parts must be connected.
  • Linear motors can be kept as spare parts in stock.
  • the pump can continue to be driven - albeit at a reduced power - since the other linear motors are not affected by the error that has occurred.
  • the faulty one Linear motor can be exchanged quickly and easily, which has a positive effect on high machine availability.
  • the invention offers the possibility, by obstructing a larger number of linear motors than required, of realizing a redundancy in the drive system of linear motors by inserting at least one redundant linear motor into the drive system according to the invention.
  • Suitable for the invention are both linear motors with moving magnets, so-called moving magnet linear motors, and linear motors with moving coil, so-called moving coil linear motors.
  • linear motors with a moving magnet are preferably used, since in this case electrical supply lines for the linear motor do not have to be moved. This offers the advantage that a travel path on which the linear motor moves, can be designed in any length.
  • each linear drive motor forming the drive system is assigned at least one converter, in particular exactly one converter, which couples the respective linear motor to an electrical power supply network. This allows, inter alia, a simple and quick replacement of the linear motor in case of failure.
  • a piston rod connected to the piston concentrates a force, in particular a feed force, which the linear motors apply.
  • the invention has the advantage that by means of the drive system, the required high forces can be accomplished by a piston rod, the forces of several parallelrither, small and series-compatible linear motors bundles.
  • the figure shows a drive system 3 of five linear motors 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d and 1e, which can travel back and forth on a respective travel path 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2e in order to drive a pump 4, in particular a fuel pump.
  • the linear motors are arranged in parallel and mechanically connected such that by means of a piston rod 7, the forces of the linear motors 1a to 1e are bundled.
  • Each linear motor 1a to 1e is respectively coupled to an inverter 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, and 30e to an electric power grid 40.
  • the linear motors 1a to 1e are connected via electrical power supply lines 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d and 31e to the respective associated converters 30a to 30e.
  • the converters 30a to 30e are connected to the electrical energy supply network 40 via further electrical energy supply lines 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d and 32e.
  • the force of the linear motors 1a to 1e is bundled by means of a piston rod 7.
  • the individual linear motors 1a to 1e move at the same speed.
  • the piston rod 7 moves in this way a piston 6, which limits a working space 5 in a cylinder of a pump 4.
  • the working space 5 befindettess fluid, in particular fuel such as oil or gas, is thereby pressurized.
  • fuel is drawn into the working space 5 through an inlet valve 11, which is preferably controlled by the control unit 21 via a data transmission system 25, by the drive system 3 comprising linear motors 1a to 1e - and thus each individual linear motor 1a to 1e 1e - receives the command from the control unit 21 to drive to a rear, the pump 4 facing away from the end of the respective travel path 2a to 2e.
  • the working space 5 acquires its maximum size, and a resulting negative pressure in the working space 5 draws in the fuel via the inlet valve 11.
  • a measuring system 20 detects when each linear motor 1a to 1e has reached an end position, whereupon the control unit 21 stops the linear motors 1a to 1e.
  • the measuring system 20 is connected via a system for data transmission 26 with the linear motors 1a to 1e.
  • the measuring system 20 advantageously also detects a speed and position of each linear motor 1a to 1e and can transmit this data to the control unit 21 via a system for data transmission between the control unit and the measuring system 27.
  • the control unit 21 therefore has the possibility of reacting by, for example, decelerating or accelerating the linear motors 1a to 1e.
  • control unit 21 When the end position of the linear motors 1 a to 1 e is reached, the control unit 21 preferably closes both the inlet valve 11 and the outlet valve 10. For this purpose, an optional system for data transmission between the control unit 21 and the valves 29 is available.
  • the drive system 3 of linear motors 1a to 1e is caused by the control unit 21 to move in the direction of a front, the pump-facing end of the respective travel path 2a to 2e.
  • the fuel located in the working space 5 is pressurized. If the pressure is high enough, the control unit 21 opens the outlet valve 10.
  • a level of the pressure is detected by means of the measuring system 20 via an optional system for data transmission between the measuring system and valves 28.
  • the control unit 21 and the measuring system 20 may have separate arithmetic units or a common arithmetic unit.
  • the data transmission systems 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29 may be connected by wires or wirelessly.
  • the drive system 3 of linear motors shown by way of example in the figure has only five linear motors 1a to 1e. According to the invention, however, depending on the field of application, a larger or smaller number of linear motors can form a drive system of linear motors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Pumpe (4), insbesondere Kraftstoffpumpe, mit wenigstens einem Arbeitsraum (5), in welchem ein Kolben (6) mittels eines Antriebs den Arbeitsraum (5) in einem Zylinder begrenzt und ein im Arbeitsraum (5) befindliches Fluid, insbesondere Kraftstoff, mit Druck beaufschlagt. Erfindungsgemäß weist der Antrieb ein Antriebssystem (3) aus wenigstens zwei Linearmotoren (1a-1e) auf. Die Linearmotoren (1a-1e) sind vorzugsweise als Linearmotoren mit bewegtem Magneten ausgeführt, baugleich, parallel zueinander geschaltet und weisen jeweils einen Umrichter (30a-30e) auf. Eine Kolbenstange (7) bündelt die von den Linearmotoren (1a-1e) aufgebrachte Kraft.

Figure imgaf001
The invention relates to a pump (4), in particular a fuel pump, with at least one working space (5) in which a piston (6) delimits the working space (5) in a cylinder by means of a drive and a fluid located in the working space (5), in particular Fuel, pressurized. According to the invention, the drive has a drive system (3) comprising at least two linear motors (1a-1e). The linear motors (1a-1e) are preferably designed as linear motors with moving magnets, identical in construction, connected in parallel to each other and each have an inverter (30a-30e). A piston rod (7) concentrates the force applied by the linear motors (1a-1e).
Figure imgaf001

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Pumpe, insbesondere Kraftstoffpumpe, mit wenigstens einem Arbeitsraum, in welchem ein Kolben mittels eines Antriebssystems den Arbeitsraum in einem Zylinder begrenzt und ein im Arbeitsraum befindliches Fluid, insbesondere Kraftstoff, mit Druck beaufschlagt.The invention relates to a pump, in particular a fuel pump, with at least one working space in which a piston limits the working space in a cylinder by means of a drive system and pressurizes a fluid, in particular fuel, present in the working space.

Wechselnde Kraftanforderungen und ein Betrieb unter Dauerlast verlangen nach Pumpen, insbesondere Kraftstoffpumpen, die einerseits widerstandsfähig, andererseits agil sind. Zudem sollen auch Ausfallzeiten möglichst gering gehalten werden, da diese einen hohen Kostenfaktor mit sich bringen. Daher werden Antriebe von Kraftstoffpumpen häufig mit rotatorischen Motoren und mechanischen Übertragungskomponenten - beispielsweise Getriebe und Kurbelwellen - ausgestattet. Besonders die mechanischen Übertragungskomponenten sind aber anfällig für Störungen und wartungsintensiv. Zudem ist ein derartiges System sehr komplex.Changing power requirements and operation under continuous load require pumps, especially fuel pumps, which are resistant on the one hand and agile on the other hand. In addition, downtime should be kept as low as possible, since they bring a high cost factor. As a result, fuel pump drives are often equipped with rotary motors and mechanical transmission components such as gears and crankshafts. In particular, the mechanical transmission components are susceptible to interference and maintenance-intensive. Moreover, such a system is very complex.

Daher hat die Patentschrift DE102007038529A1 eine Kraftstoffhochdruckpumpe mit mindestens einem Arbeitsraum zum Gegenstand, in welchem Kraftstoff mit Hochdruck beaufschlagt wird. Die Kraftstoffhochdruckpumpe ist antriebsmäßig mit einem Linearmotor gekoppelt.Therefore, the patent has DE102007038529A1 a high-pressure fuel pump with at least one working space to the subject, in which fuel is subjected to high pressure. The high-pressure fuel pump is drivingly coupled to a linear motor.

Die Patentschrift DE102014202937A1 entwickelt diesen Ansatz weiter und beschreibt eine Pumpe, die einen Pumpenzylinderkopf mit einem Pumpenzylinder und einen in einer in den Pumpenzylinder eingelassenen Zylinderführung translatorisch auf und ab bewegbaren Pumpenstößel aufweist. Der Pumpenstößel wirkt antriebsseitig mit einem Linearantrieb zusammen. Der Linearantrieb ist mechanisch spielfrei mit dem Pumpenstößel verbunden.The patent DE102014202937A1 Further develops this approach and describes a pump having a pump cylinder head with a pump cylinder and a pump plunger translatable up and down in a cylinder guide recessed into the pump cylinder. The pump tappet acts on the drive side with a linear drive. The linear drive is mechanically connected to the pump tappet without backlash.

Wird nur ein einziger konventioneller Linearmotor als Antrieb für eine Pumpe verwendet, muss dieser jedoch speziell für eine Pumpenart entworfen und gebaut werden. Zudem sind für Linearmotoren robuste Lager nötig, die hohe Anzugskräfte aufnehmen können. Eine Konstruktion eines Linearmotors ist nur rentabel, wenn dieser in einem Produkt mit hohen Stückzahlen eingesetzt wird. Der Linearmotor kann auch so ausgelegt werden, dass er angeforderte Nennwerte überschreitet. Pumpenspezifische oder überdimensionierte Linearmotoren sind generell jedoch sehr teuer.However, if only a single conventional linear motor is used to drive a pump, it must be designed and built specifically for one type of pump. In addition, robust bearings are required for linear motors, which can absorb high tightening forces. A linear motor design is only profitable if used in a high volume product. The linear motor can also be designed to exceed requested ratings. Pump-specific or oversized linear motors are generally very expensive.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen pumpenspezifischen, aber dennoch günstigen Antrieb für Kraftstoffpumpen zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to provide a pump-specific, yet inexpensive drive for fuel pumps.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe gelingt durch eine Pumpe, insbesondere Kraftstoffpumpe, mit wenigstens einem Arbeitsraum, in welchem ein Kolben mittels eines Antriebssystems den Arbeitsraum in einem Zylinder begrenzt und ein im Arbeitsraum befindliches Fluid, insbesondere Kraftstoff, mit Druck beaufschlagt, wobei das Antriebssystem wenigstens zwei Linearmotoren umfasst.The object is achieved by a pump, in particular a fuel pump, with at least one working space in which a piston limits the working space in a cylinder by means of a drive system and pressurizes a fluid, in particular fuel, present in the working space, wherein the drive system comprises at least two linear motors includes.

Linearmotoren werden vorzugsweise als Direktantriebe ausgeführt und zeichnen sich daher durch geringe Geräuschemissionen und eine hohe Leistungsdichte aus. Sie ermöglichen translatorische Bewegungen ohne Getriebe, weshalb sie als verschleiß- und wartungsarm gelten. Ein Entfall des Getriebes schafft zudem die Voraussetzung für eine kompakte Bauweise.Linear motors are preferably designed as direct drives and are therefore characterized by low noise emissions and high power density. They allow translational movements without gears, which is why they are considered to be low in wear and maintenance. An omission of the transmission also creates the prerequisite for a compact design.

Eine Entwicklung nur eines, insbesondere eines großen, Linearmotors ist sehr teuer. Da sich die Entwicklung und Konstruktion eines Linearmotors erst ab einer gewissen Stückzahl lohnt - man spricht hierbei von einem Serienprodukt -, umfasst das Antriebssystem einer Pumpe, insbesondere einer Kraftstoffpumpe, erfindungsgemäß wenigstens zwei Linearmotoren. Die Linearmotoren sind vornehmlich baugleich und daher serientauglich. Dies bietet zudem den Vorteil, dass Linearmotoren als Ersatzteile auf Lager gehalten und im Bedarfsfall schnell ausgetauscht werden können.Development of only one, especially a large, linear motor is very expensive. Since the development and construction of a linear motor only pays off after a certain number of units - this is referred to as a series product - the drive system of a pump, in particular of a fuel pump, according to the invention comprises at least two linear motors. The linear motors are mainly identical and therefore suitable for series production. This also offers the advantage that linear motors kept as spare parts in stock and can be quickly replaced if necessary.

Durch Variation einer Linearmotorenanzahl gelingt eine Skalierung von Vorschubkraft und Leistung. Somit können hohe Stückzahlen eines Linearmotors gefertigt werden, wobei verschiedene Anforderungen an Leistung und/oder Vorschubkraft bedient werden können. Durch die Variation der Linearmotorenanzahl kann zudem eine Redundanz ermöglicht werden, indem mehr Linearmotoren verbaut werden als eigentlich gefordert sind.By varying a number of linear motors, a scaling of feed force and power is achieved. Thus, high volumes of a linear motor can be made, with different demands on performance and / or feed force can be operated. By varying the number of linear motors, a redundancy can also be made possible by installing more linear motors than are actually required.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung treiben wenigstens 20 elektrisch und/oder mechanisch parallel geschaltete Linearmotoren die Kraftstoffpumpe an.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least 20 electrically and / or mechanically parallel-connected linear motors drive the fuel pump.

Ein besonders sicherer und zuverlässiger Betrieb, der zudem ein ausreichendes Maß an Skalierungsschritten ermöglicht, wird mit einem Antriebssystem aus 40 bis 50 Linearmotoren erreicht. Jedoch können auch 128 und mehr Linearmotoren ein Antriebssystem bilden.A particularly safe and reliable operation, which also allows a sufficient degree of scaling steps, is achieved with a drive system of 40 to 50 linear motors. However, 128 or more linear motors can also form a drive system.

Bei kleineren Pumpen ist auch ein Antriebssystem mit einer geringeren Anzahl an Linearmotoren möglich. Eine Parallelschaltung mehrerer Linearmotoren dient auch einer Erhöhung der Vorschubkraft. Um eine Komplexität zu reduzieren, sind die das Antriebssystem bildendenden Linearmotoren vorzugsweise parallel auf einem Träger angeordnet.For smaller pumps, a drive system with a smaller number of linear motors is also possible. A parallel connection of several linear motors also serves to increase the feed force. In order to reduce complexity, the linear motors forming the drive system are preferably arranged in parallel on a support.

Vorteilhaft weist ein jeder Linearmotor eine mechanische Leistung zwischen 40 kW und 85 kW auf und stellt eine Vorschubkraft von bis zu 20 kN bereit.Advantageously, each linear motor has a mechanical power between 40 kW and 85 kW and provides a feed force of up to 20 kN.

Das Antriebssystem weist vorzugsweise wenigstens ein Messsystem, wenigstens eine Steuereinheit zur Ansteuerung der Linearmotoren und wenigstens ein System zur Datenübertragung auf.The drive system preferably has at least one measuring system, at least one control unit for controlling the linear motors and at least one system for data transmission.

Das Messsystem ermittelt vorzugsweise eine Position und/oder Geschwindigkeit der Linearmotoren auf ihrem jeweiligen Fahrweg. Die Position und/oder Geschwindigkeit können auch über eine Spannungsbeobachtung im Linearmotor, vorzugsweise geberlos, realisiert werden.The measuring system preferably determines a position and / or speed of the linear motors on their respective travel path. The position and / or speed can also be realized via a voltage observation in the linear motor, preferably encoderless.

Vorteilhaft weist das Antriebssystem genau eine Steuereinheit auf. Die Steuereinheit steuert das Antriebssystem an. Das Antriebssystem, das wenigstens zwei Linearmotoren umfasst, wirkt hierbei wie nur ein Linearmotor.Advantageously, the drive system has exactly one control unit. The control unit controls the drive system. The drive system, which comprises at least two linear motors, acts here as just a linear motor.

Die Steuereinheit erteilt dem Antriebssystem Befehle, insbesondere bezüglich der Geschwindigkeit. Zudem realisiert die Steuereinheit die bereits erwähnte Skalierung, indem sie bei geringerem Kraftbedarf nur eine gewisse Anzahl an Linearmotoren ansteuert. Die Daten, die beispielsweise Informationen zu Position und Geschwindigkeit enthalten, sowie die Daten, die Befehle an die Linearmotoren enthalten, werden mittels eines Systems zur Datenübertragung zwischen dem jeweiligen Linearmotor und dem Messsystem bzw. der Steuereinheit übertragen. Auch zwischen dem Messsystem und der Steuereinheit ist vorteilhaft ein System zur Datenübertragung ausgeführt. Zur Datenübertragung können verschiedene Bussysteme oder auch Industrial Ethernet eingesetzt werden.The control unit issues commands to the drive system, in particular regarding the speed. In addition, the control unit realizes the already mentioned scaling by controlling only a certain number of linear motors with less power requirement. The data, which includes, for example, information on position and speed, as well as the data containing commands to the linear motors are transmitted by means of a system for data transmission between the respective linear motor and the measuring system or the control unit. Also between the measuring system and the control unit is advantageously carried out a system for data transmission. For data transmission, various bus systems or Industrial Ethernet can be used.

Durch die Erfindung und einen damit verbundenen Entfall von teuren und wartungsintensiven mechanischen Übertragungskomponenten wie Getriebe und/oder Nockenscheibe und/oder Kurbelwelle wird eine mechanische Umsetzung stark vereinfacht. Zudem werden eine Montage und ein Handling erleichtert, da weniger sowie auch kleinere Teile angebunden werden müssen. Linearmotoren können als Ersatzteile auf Lager gehalten werden.The invention and a related elimination of expensive and maintenance-intensive mechanical transmission components such as gear and / or cam and / or crankshaft mechanical conversion is greatly simplified. In addition, an assembly and handling are facilitated because fewer and smaller parts must be connected. Linear motors can be kept as spare parts in stock.

Tritt in einem der das Antriebssystem bildenden Linearmotoren ein Fehler auf, woraufhin dieser nicht länger funktionstüchtig ist, kann die Pumpe weiterhin - wenn auch mit reduzierter Leistung - angetrieben werden, da die anderen Linearmotoren vom aufgetretenen Fehler nicht betroffen sind. Der fehlerbehaftete Linearmotor kann schnell und einfach ausgetauscht werden, was sich in einer hohen Maschinenverfügbarkeit positiv bemerkbar macht.If an error occurs in one of the linear motors forming the drive system, whereupon it is no longer functional, the pump can continue to be driven - albeit at a reduced power - since the other linear motors are not affected by the error that has occurred. The faulty one Linear motor can be exchanged quickly and easily, which has a positive effect on high machine availability.

Zudem bietet die Erfindung die Möglichkeit, durch Verbauen einer größeren Anzahl an Linearmotoren als benötigt eine Redundanz im Antriebssystem aus Linearmotoren zu verwirklichen, indem wenigstens ein redundanter Linearmotor in das erfindungsgemäßen Antriebssystem eingefügt wird.In addition, the invention offers the possibility, by obstructing a larger number of linear motors than required, of realizing a redundancy in the drive system of linear motors by inserting at least one redundant linear motor into the drive system according to the invention.

Für die Erfindung eignen sich sowohl Linearmotoren mit bewegtem Magneten, sogenannte Moving-Magnet-Linearmotoren, als auch Linearmotoren mit bewegter Spule, sogenannte Moving-Coil-Linearmotoren. Jedoch werden bevorzugt Linearmotoren mit bewegtem Magneten eingesetzt, da hierbei elektrische Zuführleitungen für den Linearmotor nicht bewegt werden müssen. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass ein Fahrweg, auf welchem sich der Linearmotor bewegt, in einer beliebigen Länge ausgeführt sein kann.Suitable for the invention are both linear motors with moving magnets, so-called moving magnet linear motors, and linear motors with moving coil, so-called moving coil linear motors. However, linear motors with a moving magnet are preferably used, since in this case electrical supply lines for the linear motor do not have to be moved. This offers the advantage that a travel path on which the linear motor moves, can be designed in any length.

Vorzugsweise ist jedem das Antriebssystem bildenden Linearmotor wenigstens ein Umrichter, insbesondere genau ein Umrichter, zugeordnet, der den jeweiligen Linearmotor mit einem elektrischen Energieversorgungsnetz koppelt. Dies ermöglicht unter anderem ein einfaches und schnelles Austauschen des Linearmotors im Fehlerfall.Preferably, each linear drive motor forming the drive system is assigned at least one converter, in particular exactly one converter, which couples the respective linear motor to an electrical power supply network. This allows, inter alia, a simple and quick replacement of the linear motor in case of failure.

Vorzugsweise bündelt eine mit dem Kolben verbundene Kolbenstange eine Kraft, insbesondere eine Vorschubkraft, die die Linearmotoren aufbringen.Preferably, a piston rod connected to the piston concentrates a force, in particular a feed force, which the linear motors apply.

Für den Antrieb einer Pumpe sind hohe Kräfte erforderlich, die nach einer großen Leistung verlangen. Eine Herstellung, ein Transport und eine Installation von als Einzelmotoren ausgeführten Linearmotoren sind sehr teuer und aufwändig. Die Erfindung bietet den Vorteil, dass mittels des Antriebssystems die geforderten hohen Kräfte bewerkstelligt werden können, indem eine Kolbenstange die Kräfte mehrerer parallelgeschalteter, kleiner und serientauglicher Linearmotoren bündelt.To drive a pump high forces are required, which require a large power. A production, transport and installation of linear motors designed as single motors are very expensive and expensive. The invention has the advantage that by means of the drive system, the required high forces can be accomplished by a piston rod, the forces of several parallelgeschalteter, small and series-compatible linear motors bundles.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Beispiels erläutert, bei dem die Figur ein Antriebssystem zum Antrieb einer Pumpe zeigt.In the following, the invention will be explained with reference to an example in which the figure shows a drive system for driving a pump.

Die Figur zeigt ein Antriebssystem 3 aus fünf Linearmotoren 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d und 1e, die auf jeweils einem Fahrweg 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d und 2e vor- und zurückfahren können, um eine Pumpe 4, insbesondere eine Kraftstoffpumpe, anzutreiben. Die Linearmotoren sind parallel angeordnet und mechanisch derart verbunden, dass mittels einer Kolbenstange 7 die Kräfte der Linearmotoren 1a bis 1e gebündelt werden.The figure shows a drive system 3 of five linear motors 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d and 1e, which can travel back and forth on a respective travel path 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2e in order to drive a pump 4, in particular a fuel pump. The linear motors are arranged in parallel and mechanically connected such that by means of a piston rod 7, the forces of the linear motors 1a to 1e are bundled.

Ein jeder Linearmotor 1a bis 1e ist jeweils mit einem Umrichter 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d und 30e an ein elektrisches Energieversorgungsnetz 40 gekoppelt. Die Linearmotoren 1a bis 1e sind über elektrische Energieversorgungsleitungen 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d und 31e mit dem jeweils zugehörigen Umrichter 30a bis 30e verbunden. Die Umrichter 30a bis 30e sind über weitere elektrische Energieversorgungsleitungen 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d und 32e mit dem elektrischen Energieversorgungsnetz 40 verbunden.Each linear motor 1a to 1e is respectively coupled to an inverter 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, and 30e to an electric power grid 40. The linear motors 1a to 1e are connected via electrical power supply lines 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d and 31e to the respective associated converters 30a to 30e. The converters 30a to 30e are connected to the electrical energy supply network 40 via further electrical energy supply lines 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d and 32e.

Die Kraft der Linearmotoren 1a bis 1e wird mittels einer Kolbenstange 7 gebündelt. Vorteilhaft bewegen sich die einzelnen Linearmotoren 1a bis 1e mit der gleichen Geschwindigkeit. Die Kolbenstange 7 bewegt auf diese Weise einen Kolben 6, der in einem Zylinder einer Pumpe 4 einen Arbeitsraum 5 begrenzt.The force of the linear motors 1a to 1e is bundled by means of a piston rod 7. Advantageously, the individual linear motors 1a to 1e move at the same speed. The piston rod 7 moves in this way a piston 6, which limits a working space 5 in a cylinder of a pump 4.

Im Arbeitsraum 5 befindliches Fluid, insbesondere Kraftstoff wie Öl oder Gas, wird dadurch mit Druck beaufschlagt. Hierzu wird in einem beispielhaften Ablauf Kraftstoff durch ein vorzugsweise von der Steuereinheit 21 über ein System zur Datenübertragung 25 angesteuertes Einlassventil 11 in den Arbeitsraum 5 eingezogen, indem das Antriebssystem 3 aus Linearmotoren 1a bis 1e - und somit jeder einzelne Linearmotor 1a bis 1e - von der Steuereinheit 21 den Befehl erhält, an ein hinteres, der Pumpe 4 abgewandtes Ende des jeweiligen Fahrwegs 2a bis 2e zu fahren. Der Arbeitsraum 5 erlangt dadurch seine maximale Größe und ein entstehender Unterdruck im Arbeitsraum 5 zieht den Kraftstoff über das Einlassventil 11 ein.In the working space 5 befindliches fluid, in particular fuel such as oil or gas, is thereby pressurized. For this purpose, in an exemplary sequence, fuel is drawn into the working space 5 through an inlet valve 11, which is preferably controlled by the control unit 21 via a data transmission system 25, by the drive system 3 comprising linear motors 1a to 1e - and thus each individual linear motor 1a to 1e 1e - receives the command from the control unit 21 to drive to a rear, the pump 4 facing away from the end of the respective travel path 2a to 2e. As a result, the working space 5 acquires its maximum size, and a resulting negative pressure in the working space 5 draws in the fuel via the inlet valve 11.

Ein Messsystem 20 erkennt, wann ein jeder Linearmotor 1a bis 1e eine Endposition erreicht hat, woraufhin die Steuereinheit 21 die Linearmotoren 1a bis 1e anhält. Das Messsystem 20 ist über ein System zur Datenübertragung 26 mit den Linearmotoren 1a bis 1e verbunden. Das Messsystem 20 erfasst vorteilhaft zudem eine Geschwindigkeit und Position eines jeden Linearmotors 1a bis 1e und kann diese Daten an die Steuereinheit 21 über ein System zur Datenübertragung zwischen Steuereinheit und Messsystem 27 übermitteln. Die Steuereinheit 21 hat daher die Möglichkeit zu reagieren, indem sie beispielsweise die Linearmotoren 1a bis 1e abbremst oder beschleunigt.A measuring system 20 detects when each linear motor 1a to 1e has reached an end position, whereupon the control unit 21 stops the linear motors 1a to 1e. The measuring system 20 is connected via a system for data transmission 26 with the linear motors 1a to 1e. The measuring system 20 advantageously also detects a speed and position of each linear motor 1a to 1e and can transmit this data to the control unit 21 via a system for data transmission between the control unit and the measuring system 27. The control unit 21 therefore has the possibility of reacting by, for example, decelerating or accelerating the linear motors 1a to 1e.

Vorzugsweise verschließt die Steuereinheit 21 bei Erreichen der Endposition der Linearmotoren 1a bis 1e sowohl das Einlassventil 11 als auch das Auslassventil 10. Hierzu ist ein optionales System zur Datenübertragung zwischen Steuereinheit 21 und Ventilen 29 verfügbar.When the end position of the linear motors 1 a to 1 e is reached, the control unit 21 preferably closes both the inlet valve 11 and the outlet valve 10. For this purpose, an optional system for data transmission between the control unit 21 and the valves 29 is available.

Das Antriebssystem 3 aus Linearmotoren 1a bis 1e wird von der Steuereinheit 21 veranlasst, in Richtung eines vorderen, der Pumpe zugewandten Endes des jeweiligen Fahrwegs 2a bis 2e zu fahren. Dadurch wird der im Arbeitsraum 5 befindliche Kraftstoff mit Druck beaufschlagt. Ist der Druck groß genug, öffnet die Steuereinheit 21 das Auslassventil 10. Vorteilhaft wird eine Höhe des Drucks mittels des Messsystems 20 über ein optionales System zur Datenübertragung zwischen Messsystem und Ventilen 28 erfasst.The drive system 3 of linear motors 1a to 1e is caused by the control unit 21 to move in the direction of a front, the pump-facing end of the respective travel path 2a to 2e. As a result, the fuel located in the working space 5 is pressurized. If the pressure is high enough, the control unit 21 opens the outlet valve 10. Advantageously, a level of the pressure is detected by means of the measuring system 20 via an optional system for data transmission between the measuring system and valves 28.

Die Steuereinheit 21 und das Messsystem 20 können getrennte Recheneinheiten oder eine gemeinsame Recheneinheit aufweisen. Die Systeme zur Datenübertragung 25, 26, 27, 28 und 29 können mittels Leitungen oder auch drahtlos verbunden sein.The control unit 21 and the measuring system 20 may have separate arithmetic units or a common arithmetic unit. The data transmission systems 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29 may be connected by wires or wirelessly.

Das in der Figur beispielhaft gezeigte Antriebssystem 3 aus Linearmotoren weist nur fünf Linearmotoren 1a bis 1e auf. Erfindungsgemäß kann je nach Anwendungsgebiet jedoch auch eine größere oder kleinere Anzahl an Linearmotoren ein Antriebssystem aus Linearmotoren bilden.The drive system 3 of linear motors shown by way of example in the figure has only five linear motors 1a to 1e. According to the invention, however, depending on the field of application, a larger or smaller number of linear motors can form a drive system of linear motors.

Claims (9)

Pumpe (4), insbesondere Kraftstoffpumpe, mit wenigstens einem Arbeitsraum (5), in welchem ein Kolben (6) mittels eines Antriebssystems den Arbeitsraum (5) in einem Zylinder begrenzt und ein im Arbeitsraum (5) befindliches Fluid, insbesondere Kraftstoff, mit Druck beaufschlagt,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Antriebssystem (3) wenigstens zwei Linearmotoren (1a-1e) umfasst.Pump (4), in particular fuel pump, with at least one working space (5), in which a piston (6) by means of a drive system limits the working space (5) in a cylinder and in the working space (5) befindliches fluid, in particular fuel, with pressure acted upon
characterized in that the drive system (3) comprises at least two linear motors (1a-1e). Pumpe (4) nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Antriebssystem (3) wenigstens ein Messsystem (20), vorzugsweise zur Positions- und/oder Geschwindigkeitsbestimmung, wenigstens eine Steuereinheit (21) zur Ansteuerung der Linearmotoren (1a-1e) und wenigstens ein System zur Datenübertragung (25, 26, 27) aufweist.Pump (4) according to claim 1, wherein the drive system (3) at least one measuring system (20), preferably for position and / or speed determination, at least one control unit (21) for controlling the linear motors (1a-1e) and at least one system for Data transmission (25, 26, 27). Pumpe (4) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die das Antriebssystem (3) bildenden Linearmotoren (1a-1e) elektrisch und/oder mechanisch parallel geschaltet sind.Pump (4) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive system (3) forming linear motors (1a-1e) are electrically and / or mechanically connected in parallel. Pumpe (4) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die das Antriebssystem (3) bildenden Linearmotoren (1a-1e) auf einem Träger parallel angeordnet sind.Pump (4) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive system (3) forming linear motors (1a-1e) are arranged in parallel on a support. Pumpe (4) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die das Antriebssystem (3) bildenden Linearmotoren (1a-1e) jeweils als Linearmotoren mit bewegtem Magneten ausgeführt sind.Pump (4) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive system (3) forming linear motors (1a-1e) are each designed as linear motors with moving magnet. Pumpe (4) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei jedem das Antriebssystem (3) bildenden Linearmotor (1a-1e) wenigstens ein Umrichter (30a-30e) zugeordnet ist.Pump (4) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each of the drive system (3) forming the linear motor (1a-1e) is associated with at least one inverter (30a-30e). Pumpe (4) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei eine mit dem Kolben (6) verbundene Kolbenstange (7) eine Kraft, insbesondere Vorschubkraft, des Antriebssystems (3) aus Linearmotoren (1a-1e) bündelt.Pump (4) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a piston rod (7) connected to the piston (6) has a Force, in particular feed force, the drive system (3) from linear motors (1a-1e) bundles. Pumpe (4) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Antriebssystem (3) aus Linearmotoren (1a-1e) wenigstens 20 und maximal 128 Linearmotoren aufweist.Pump (4) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive system (3) of linear motors (1a-1e) has at least 20 and a maximum of 128 linear motors. Pumpe (4) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die das Antriebssystem (3) aus Linearmotoren (1a-1e) bildenden Linearmotoren baugleich sind.Pump (4) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive system (3) of linear motors (1a-1e) forming linear motors are identical.
EP17180757.1A 2017-07-11 2017-07-11 Drive for a pump Withdrawn EP3428441A1 (en)

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EP17180757.1A EP3428441A1 (en) 2017-07-11 2017-07-11 Drive for a pump
CN201880046408.9A CN110869604A (en) 2017-07-11 2018-06-13 Driving of pumps
US16/630,245 US11085409B2 (en) 2017-07-11 2018-06-13 Drive of a pump
EP18734457.7A EP3622169B1 (en) 2017-07-11 2018-06-13 Drive of a pump
PCT/EP2018/065599 WO2019011561A1 (en) 2017-07-11 2018-06-13 Drive of a pump

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EP3622169A1 (en) 2020-03-18
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EP3622169B1 (en) 2021-06-02
US20200378349A1 (en) 2020-12-03

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