EP3418816A1 - Balance spring with lozenge section for a mechanical clockwork of a watch and method for producing said balance spring - Google Patents

Balance spring with lozenge section for a mechanical clockwork of a watch and method for producing said balance spring Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3418816A1
EP3418816A1 EP17176933.4A EP17176933A EP3418816A1 EP 3418816 A1 EP3418816 A1 EP 3418816A1 EP 17176933 A EP17176933 A EP 17176933A EP 3418816 A1 EP3418816 A1 EP 3418816A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
balance spring
diagonal
corners
spring
inner angle
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP17176933.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3418816B1 (en
Inventor
Heinrich Wölfle
Bruno Schindler
Michael Streicher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maxon International AG
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Lakeview Innovation Ltd
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Publication date
Priority to EP17176933.4A priority Critical patent/EP3418816B1/en
Application filed by Lakeview Innovation Ltd filed Critical Lakeview Innovation Ltd
Priority to JP2019569370A priority patent/JP7148207B2/en
Priority to RU2020101639A priority patent/RU2765407C2/en
Priority to KR1020207001518A priority patent/KR102575006B1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2018/066214 priority patent/WO2018234290A1/en
Priority to US16/624,795 priority patent/US11397409B2/en
Priority to CN201880041465.8A priority patent/CN110892340B/en
Publication of EP3418816A1 publication Critical patent/EP3418816A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/066—Manufacture of the spiral spring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a balance spring for a mechanical movement of a watch according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a balance spring for a mechanical movement of a wristwatch or a pocket watch.
  • a balance spring of the generic type is designed as a spiral spring and has a winding cross-section. The winding cross section does not mean the cross section of the complete balance spring but the cross section of a single turn of the balance spring.
  • the balance spring forms together with the so-called escapement the speed regulator of a mechanical movement and therefore directly influences the uniform clocks and the accuracy of the movement.
  • Object of the present invention is to advantageously develop a balance spring of the generic type.
  • a balance spring according to the preamble of independent claim 1 a solution according to the invention the task before, if the winding cross-section of the coil spring has the shape of a rhombus, the rhombus at least four sides, two corners having a first interior angle, two second corners having a second interior angle, a first diagonal connecting the two first corners, and a second diagonal connecting the two second corners, the first diagonal being shorter than the one second diagonal, and wherein the first inner angle is greater than the second inner angle.
  • the present invention offers the advantage that the diamond geometry optimizes the stress distribution and the unidirectional oscillations of the balance spring.
  • the diamond-shaped cross-section also has a self-centering effect on the movement of the balance spring and stabilizes the balance spring in the oscillation plane.
  • the clocking of the movement can thus be precisely defined, in which the geometry of the diamond cross-section is determined accordingly.
  • the first shorter diagonal of the rhombus preferably runs parallel to the plane of extent of Balance spring.
  • the second longer diagonal is thus preferably perpendicular to the plane of extent of the balance spring.
  • the second longer diagonal thus preferably runs parallel to an axis of the spiral.
  • the two second corners of the diamond connected by the second diagonal are cut parallel to the first diagonal so that the diamond has two additional sides.
  • the distance between the two aforementioned additional sides is between 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm.
  • the balance spring according to the invention is particularly suitable for the clockwork of a watch.
  • the two additional sides have a length between 0.01 mm and 0.05 mm. Further preferably, the length of the first diagonal is between 0.03 mm and 0.07 mm.
  • a value between 3 ° and 30 ° has furthermore proven to be particularly advantageous. Further preferably, the second inner angle between 10 ° and 30 °.
  • the production of the balance spring according to the invention is simplified considerably if the transition between the two additional sides and the respective adjacent sides of the rhombus is rounded in a further preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the radius of the rounding is further preferably in the range between 0.005 mm and 0.05 mm.
  • the winding cross-section is symmetrical both in relation to the first diagonal of the rhombus and in relation to the second diagonal of the rhombus.
  • the balance spring is made of a ceramic material.
  • a ceramic material This results in a particularly precise spring properties.
  • this choice of material allows a particularly simple variation of the winding cross section and thus a particularly simple variation in the production.
  • Particularly suitable for the production of the balance spring according to the invention is a glass ceramic.
  • a suitable glass ceramic is, for example, the glass ceramic material marketed by Schott AG under the brand name Zerodur.
  • the balance spring can also be made of an oxide ceramic, for example of zirconium oxide.
  • the present invention also provides a method of making the balance spring of the present invention.
  • the balance spring is produced from a blank, wherein the blank consists of a ceramic material and is structured by means of a selective laser ablation process in such a way that the desired coil cross section is established.
  • the method according to the invention offers the advantage that balance springs with different winding cross sections and thus also different spring properties can be produced from one and the same basic body. An expensive and cost-intensive production of different molds is eliminated.
  • the blank is preferably a disk. Further preferably, the disc is circular. Further preferably, the blank has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.25 mm.
  • the blank consists of a ceramic and preferably of a glass ceramic.
  • the blank may consist of the material sold by Schott AG under the brand name Zerodur.
  • the blank can also consist of an oxide ceramic. In particular zirconium oxide is suitable here.
  • the blank can be produced by injection molding.
  • a first V-shaped groove is introduced on a first side of the blank by means of laser, wherein on the opposite second side of the blank also by means of a second second V-shaped groove is introduced, such, the first and second groove congruent superimposed and together form an opening that separates individual turns of the coil spring from each other.
  • first and second grooves are successively introduced into the two opposite sides of the blank, wherein the blank after manufacture the first groove is simply turned, so that the second groove can be introduced with one and the same laser device.
  • the depth of the first groove is preferably slightly more than half the material thickness of the blank used, so that the breakthrough can be generated in a simple manner by the second groove is introduced at least to half the material thickness of the blank in the blank.
  • an ultrashort pulse laser is used to carry out the selective laser ablation process. This allows a precise and residue-free material transfer without problematic heat transfer.
  • the invention further provides a movement for a small watch with a balance spring according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a balance spring according to the invention 1.
  • the spiral shape of the balance spring is clearly visible in this view.
  • the winding cross section of the balance spring 1 is the same over the entire length of the spring body. Merely by way of example was in FIG. 1 a section plane II drawn. The associated winding cross section is in FIG. 2 shown. As the figure shows, the winding cross-section 2 essentially has the shape of a rhombus.
  • the basic shape of the diamond has four sides 3, two first corners 4 with a first inner angle ⁇ , two second corners 5 with an inner angle ⁇ , a first diagonal 6 connecting the two first corners, and a second diagonal 7 connecting the two connecting the two corners together.
  • the first diagonal 6 of the basic shape is shorter than the second diagonal 7.
  • the actual winding cross-section results only by cutting off the two second corners 5 parallel to the first diagonal 6.
  • the actual winding cross-section thus has not four but a total of six sides.
  • the two additional pages, which result from cutting off the diamond basic body, are designated by the reference numeral 8 in the drawing.
  • the distance 9 between the two additional sides 8 according to the invention is advantageously between 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm.
  • the two additional sides 8 further preferably have a length between 0.01 mm and 0.05 mm.
  • the length of the first diagonal is more preferably between 0.03 mm and 0.07 mm.
  • the second inner angle ⁇ is more preferably between 3 ° and 30 °. In the embodiment shown, the second inner angle is about 30 °.
  • the transition between the two additional sides 8 and the respective adjacent sides 3 of the rhombus is rounded.
  • the radius R of the rounding is clearly in FIG. 3 can be seen and is between 0.005 mm and 0.05 mm.
  • the two opposite second corners 5 are each cut at the same height, so that there is a winding cross section, the is performed symmetrically with respect to both the first diagonal 6 and with respect to the second diagonal 7.
  • the balance spring is made of a blank, which consists of a ceramic material.
  • a blank made of a glass ceramic is used.
  • the blank is a circular disc 10, which in an oblique view in FIG. 4 is shown.
  • the disk 10 is patterned by means of a selective laser ablation process such that the desired winding cross-section results.
  • a first V-shaped groove 13 is first introduced into the top 16 of the disc 10 by the laser beam 12 of a ultrashort pulse laser 11.
  • the groove 13 is in both FIG. 5 as well as in the sectional view FIG. 6 to recognize.
  • the V-shaped groove 13 marks the space between the later turns of the balance spring and is therefore itself formed spirally.
  • the depth of the groove is slightly more than half the material thickness of the disc 10.
  • the groove base is therefore in FIG. 6 below the line 15 which marks the center of the ceramic disc 10.
  • the disk 10 After the first groove 13 has been introduced into the upper side 16 of the disk 10, the disk 10 is turned, so that with the laser 11, the bottom 17 of the disk can be structured. In the bottom 17, a V-shaped groove is now also introduced by means of the laser.
  • This second V-shaped groove is in FIG. 7 indicated by dashed lines and provided with the reference numeral 14.
  • the two V-shaped grooves 13 and 14 are congruent and together form an opening which separates the individual turns of the spiral balance spring from each other.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)

Abstract

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Unruhfeder für ein mechanisches Uhrwerk einer Kleinuhr, wobei die Unruhfeder als Spiralfeder ausgeführt ist und einen Windungsquerschnitt aufweist. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass der Windungsquerschnitt der Spiralfeder die Form einer Raute aufweist, wobei die Raute vier Seiten, zwei erste Ecken mit einem ersten Innenwinkel, zwei zweite Ecken mit einem zweiten Innenwinkel, eine erste Diagonale, welche die beiden ersten Ecken miteinander verbindet, und eine zweite Diagonale, welche die beiden zweiten Ecken miteinander verbindet, aufweist, wobei die erste Diagonale kürzer ist als die zweite Diagonale, und wobei der erste Innenwinkel größer ist als der zweite Innenwinkel.

Figure imgaf001
The present invention relates to a balance spring for a mechanical movement of a watch, wherein the balance spring is designed as a spiral spring and has a winding cross-section. According to the invention, the winding cross-section of the spiral spring has the shape of a rhombus, wherein the rhombus has four sides, two first corners with a first inner angle, two second corners with a second inner angle, a first diagonal which connects the two first corners, and a second diagonal interconnecting the two second corners, wherein the first diagonal is shorter than the second diagonal, and wherein the first interior angle is greater than the second interior angle.
Figure imgaf001

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Unruhfeder für ein mechanisches Uhrwerk einer Kleinuhr nach dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung eine Unruhfeder für ein mechanisches Uhrwerk einer Armbanduhr oder einer Taschenuhr. Eine Unruhfeder der gattungsgemäßen Art ist als Spiralfeder ausgeführt und weist einen Windungsquerschnitt auf. Unter dem Windungsquerschnitt wird nicht der Querschnitt der kompletten Unruhfeder sondern der Querschnitt einer einzigen Windung der Unruhfeder verstanden. Die Unruhfeder bildet zusammen mit der sogenannten Hemmung den Gangregler eines mechanischen Uhrwerks und beeinflusst daher direkt die gleichmäßige Takten und die Genauigkeit des Uhrwerks.The present invention relates to a balance spring for a mechanical movement of a watch according to the preamble of independent claim 1. In particular, the invention relates to a balance spring for a mechanical movement of a wristwatch or a pocket watch. A balance spring of the generic type is designed as a spiral spring and has a winding cross-section. The winding cross section does not mean the cross section of the complete balance spring but the cross section of a single turn of the balance spring. The balance spring forms together with the so-called escapement the speed regulator of a mechanical movement and therefore directly influences the uniform clocks and the accuracy of the movement.

Aus DE 10 2008 029429 A1 ist eine Unruhfeder nach dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Anspruchs bekannt. Der Windungsquerschnitt ist bei dieser Feder rechteckig ausgeführt.Out DE 10 2008 029429 A1 is a balance spring according to the preamble of the independent claim known. The winding cross-section is rectangular in this spring.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Unruhfeder der gattungsgemäßen Art vorteilhaft weiterzubilden.Object of the present invention is to advantageously develop a balance spring of the generic type.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Merkmale des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1. Demnach liegt bei einer Unruhfeder nach dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 dann eine erfindungsgemäße Lösung der Aufgabe vor, wenn der Windungsquerschnitt der Spiralfeder die Form einer Raute aufweist, wobei die Raute zumindest vier Seiten, zwei Ecken mit einem ersten Innenwinkel, zwei zweite Ecken mit einem zweiten Innenwinkel, eine erste Diagonale, welche die beiden ersten Ecken miteinander verbindet, und eine zweite Diagonale, welche die beiden zweiten Ecken miteinander verbindet, aufweist, wobei die erste Diagonale kürzer ist als die zweite Diagonale, und wobei der erste Innenwinkel größer ist als der zweite Innenwinkel.The object is achieved by the features of independent claim 1. Accordingly, in a balance spring according to the preamble of independent claim 1 then a solution according to the invention the task before, if the winding cross-section of the coil spring has the shape of a rhombus, the rhombus at least four sides, two corners having a first interior angle, two second corners having a second interior angle, a first diagonal connecting the two first corners, and a second diagonal connecting the two second corners, the first diagonal being shorter than the one second diagonal, and wherein the first inner angle is greater than the second inner angle.

Die vorliegende Erfindung bietet den Vorteil, dass durch die Rautengeometrie die Spannungsverteilung und die unidirektionalen Schwingungen der Unruhfeder optimiert werden. Der rautenförmige Querschnitt wirkt sich auch selbstzentrierend auf den Bewegungsablauf der Unruhfeder aus und stabilisiert die Unruhfeder in der Schwingungsebene. Durch die Auslegung des Rautenprofils ist es möglich, das Flächenträgheitsmoment der Spiralfeder und damit die Federrate zu varüeren. Die Taktung des Uhrwerks kann somit präzise festgelegt werden, in dem die Geometrie des Rautenquerschnitts entsprechend festgelegt wird. Die erste kürzere Diagonale der Raute verläuft vorzugsweise parallel zur Erstreckungsebene der Unruhfeder. Die zweite längere Diagonale steht damit vorzugsweise senkrecht auf die Erstreckungsebene der Unruhfeder. Die zweite längere Diagonale verläuft damit vorzugsweise parallel zu einer Achse der Spirale.The present invention offers the advantage that the diamond geometry optimizes the stress distribution and the unidirectional oscillations of the balance spring. The diamond-shaped cross-section also has a self-centering effect on the movement of the balance spring and stabilizes the balance spring in the oscillation plane. By designing the diamond profile, it is possible to vary the area moment of inertia of the spiral spring and thus the spring rate. The clocking of the movement can thus be precisely defined, in which the geometry of the diamond cross-section is determined accordingly. The first shorter diagonal of the rhombus preferably runs parallel to the plane of extent of Balance spring. The second longer diagonal is thus preferably perpendicular to the plane of extent of the balance spring. The second longer diagonal thus preferably runs parallel to an axis of the spiral.

Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung sind die beiden zweiten Ecken der Raute, die durch die zweite Diagonale miteinander verbunden sind, parallel zur ersten Diagonale abgeschnitten, sodass die Raute zwei zusätzliche Seiten aufweist. Dadurch lässt sich zum einen die Federrate bei der Auslegung der Querschnittgeometrie äußerst einfach und präzise festlegen. Zum anderen wird bei dieser Ausführungsform die Herstellung der Unruhfeder vereinfacht.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two second corners of the diamond connected by the second diagonal are cut parallel to the first diagonal so that the diamond has two additional sides. As a result, on the one hand, the spring rate in the design of the cross-sectional geometry can be determined extremely simply and precisely. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the production of the balance spring is simplified.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung beträgt der Abstand zwischen den beiden zuvor erwähnten zusätzlichen Seiten zwischen 0,05 mm und 0,2 mm. Dadurch eignet sich die erfindungsgemäße Unruhfeder besonders für das Uhrwerk einer Kleinuhr.According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the two aforementioned additional sides is between 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm. As a result, the balance spring according to the invention is particularly suitable for the clockwork of a watch.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung weisen die beiden zusätzlichen Seiten eine Länge zwischen 0,01 mm und 0,05 mm auf. Weiter vorzugsweise beträgt die Länge der ersten Diagonale zwischen 0,03 mm und 0,07 mm. Für den zweiten Innenwinkel des Profilquerschnitt hat sich weiter vorzugsweise ein Wert zwischen 3° und 30° als besonders vorteilhaft herausgestellt. Weiter vorzugsweise beträgt der zweite Innenwinkel zwischen 10° und 30°.According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two additional sides have a length between 0.01 mm and 0.05 mm. Further preferably, the length of the first diagonal is between 0.03 mm and 0.07 mm. For the second internal angle of the profile cross-section, a value between 3 ° and 30 ° has furthermore proven to be particularly advantageous. Further preferably, the second inner angle between 10 ° and 30 °.

Die Fertigung der erfindungsgemäßen Unruhfeder vereinfacht sich deutlich, wenn der Übergang zwischen den beiden zusätzlichen Seiten und den jeweils angrenzenden Seiten der Raute in einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung abgerundet ist. Dabei liegt der Radius der Rundung weiter vorzugsweise im Bereich zwischen 0,005 mm und 0,05 mm.The production of the balance spring according to the invention is simplified considerably if the transition between the two additional sides and the respective adjacent sides of the rhombus is rounded in a further preferred embodiment of the present invention. The radius of the rounding is further preferably in the range between 0.005 mm and 0.05 mm.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der Windungsquerschnitt sowohl in Bezug auf die erste Diagonale der Raute als auch in Bezug auf die zweite Diagonale der Raute symmetrisch ausgeführt. Dadurch lässt sich die Federrate besonders einfach und präzise festlegen. Diese Ausführungsform wirkt sich auch vorteilhaft auf die Fertigung der erfindungsgemäßen Unruhfeder aus.In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the winding cross-section is symmetrical both in relation to the first diagonal of the rhombus and in relation to the second diagonal of the rhombus. As a result, the spring rate can be set very easily and precisely. This embodiment also has an advantageous effect on the production of the balance spring according to the invention.

Gemäß einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Unruhfeder aus einem keramischen Material hergestellt. Dadurch ergeben sich zum einen besonders präzise Federeigenschaften. Zum anderen erlaubt diese Wahl des Materials eine besonders einfache Variierung des Windungsquerschnitts und damit eine besonders einfache Variierung in der Fertigung. Besonders geeignet für die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Unruhfeder ist eine Glaskeramik. Eine geeignete Glaskeramik ist beispielsweise das von der Firma Schott AG unter dem Markennamen Zerodur vertriebene Glaskeramikmaterial. Die Unruhfeder kann alternativ auch aus einer Oxidkeramik, beispielsweise aus Zirkonoxid, gefertigt werden.According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the balance spring is made of a ceramic material. This results in a particularly precise spring properties. On the other hand, this choice of material allows a particularly simple variation of the winding cross section and thus a particularly simple variation in the production. Particularly suitable for the production of the balance spring according to the invention is a glass ceramic. A suitable glass ceramic is, for example, the glass ceramic material marketed by Schott AG under the brand name Zerodur. Alternatively, the balance spring can also be made of an oxide ceramic, for example of zirconium oxide.

Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Unruhfeder bereit. Gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird die Unruhfeder aus einem Rohteil hergestellt, wobei das Rohteil aus einem keramischen Material besteht und mittels eines selektiven Laserabtragungsverfahrens derart strukturiert wird, dass sich der gewünschte Windungsquerschnitt einstellt. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bietet den Vorteil, dass Unruhfedern mit unterschiedlichen Windungsquerschnitten und damit auch unterschiedlichen Federeigenschaften aus ein und demselbem Grundkörper hergestellt werden können. Eine aufwändige und kostenintensive Herstellung unterschiedlicher Gussformen entfällt.The present invention also provides a method of making the balance spring of the present invention. According to the method according to the invention, the balance spring is produced from a blank, wherein the blank consists of a ceramic material and is structured by means of a selective laser ablation process in such a way that the desired coil cross section is established. The method according to the invention offers the advantage that balance springs with different winding cross sections and thus also different spring properties can be produced from one and the same basic body. An expensive and cost-intensive production of different molds is eliminated.

Bei dem Rohteil handelt es sich vorzugsweise um eine Scheibe. Weiter vorzugsweise ist die Scheibe kreisrund ausgebildet. Weiter vorzugsweise weist das Rohteil eine Dicke von 0,1 mm bis 0,25 mm auf.The blank is preferably a disk. Further preferably, the disc is circular. Further preferably, the blank has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.25 mm.

Das Rohteil besteht aus einer Keramik und vorzugsweise aus einer Glaskeramik. Insbesondere kann das Rohteil aus dem von der Firma Schott AG unter dem Markennamen Zerodur vertriebenen Material bestehen. Alternativ kann das Rohteil auch aus einer Oxidkeramik bestehen. Hierbei eignet sich insbesondere Zirkoniumoxid. Das Rohteil kann dabei im Spritzgussverfahren hergestellt werden.The blank consists of a ceramic and preferably of a glass ceramic. In particular, the blank may consist of the material sold by Schott AG under the brand name Zerodur. Alternatively, the blank can also consist of an oxide ceramic. In particular zirconium oxide is suitable here. The blank can be produced by injection molding.

Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird auf einer ersten Seite des Rohteils mittels Laser eine erste V-förmige Nut eingebracht, wobei auf der gegenüberliegenden zweiten Seite des Rohteils ebenfalls mittels Laser eine zweite V-förmige Nut eingebracht wird, derart, das erste und zweite Nut deckungsgleich übereinander liegen und zusammen einen Durchbruch bilden, der einzelne Windungen der Spiralfeder voneinander trennt. Vorzugsweise werden erste und zweite Nut nacheinander in die beiden gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Rohteils eingebracht, wobei das Rohteil nach der Herstellung der ersten Nut einfach gewendet wird, sodass die zweite Nut mit ein und derselben Laservorrichtung eingebracht werden kann. Die Tiefe der ersten Nut beträgt vorzugsweise etwas mehr als die Hälfte der Materialstärke des verwendeten Rohteils, sodass der Durchbruch auf einfache Weise erzeugt werden kann, indem die die zweite Nut mindestens bis zur Hälfte der Materialstärke des Rohteils in das Rohteil eingebracht wird.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, a first V-shaped groove is introduced on a first side of the blank by means of laser, wherein on the opposite second side of the blank also by means of a second second V-shaped groove is introduced, such, the first and second groove congruent superimposed and together form an opening that separates individual turns of the coil spring from each other. Preferably, first and second grooves are successively introduced into the two opposite sides of the blank, wherein the blank after manufacture the first groove is simply turned, so that the second groove can be introduced with one and the same laser device. The depth of the first groove is preferably slightly more than half the material thickness of the blank used, so that the breakthrough can be generated in a simple manner by the second groove is introduced at least to half the material thickness of the blank in the blank.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird zur Durchführung des selektiven Laserabtragungsverfahrens ein Ultrakurzpulslaser verwendet. Dadurch ist ein präziser und rückstandsfreier Materialbtrag ohne problematische Wärmeübertragung möglich.According to a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, an ultrashort pulse laser is used to carry out the selective laser ablation process. This allows a precise and residue-free material transfer without problematic heat transfer.

Die Erfindung stellt ferner ein Uhrwerk für eine Kleinuhr mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Unruhfeder bereit.The invention further provides a movement for a small watch with a balance spring according to the invention.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert.An embodiment of the present invention will be explained below with reference to drawings.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1:
ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Unruhfeder in einer Draufsicht,
Figur 2:
den Windungsquerschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Unruhfeder aus Figur 1 gemäß der in Figur 1 markierten Schnittlinie II,
Figur 3:
eine Detailansicht einer Ecke des Querschnittsprofils aus Figur 2,
Figur 4:
ein Rohteil in Form einer Scheibe, aus der die erfindungsgemäße Unruhfeder hergestellt wird, in einer Schrägansicht,
Figur 5:
die Scheibe aus Figur 4 nach Einbringen einer V-förmigen Nut in die Oberseite der Scheibe,
Figur 6:
einen Schnitt durch die Scheibe aus Figur 5 entlang der in Figur 5 eingezeichneten Schnittlinie VI, und
Figur 7:
den Schnitt aus Figur 6 mit gestrichelt eingezeichneter zweiter Nut auf der Unterseite der Scheibe.
Show it:
FIG. 1:
An embodiment of a balance spring according to the invention in a plan view,
FIG. 2:
the winding cross-section of the balance spring according to the invention FIG. 1 according to the in FIG. 1 marked section line II,
FIG. 3:
a detailed view of a corner of the cross-sectional profile FIG. 2 .
FIG. 4:
a blank in the form of a disc from which the balance spring according to the invention is produced, in an oblique view,
FIG. 5:
the disc off FIG. 4 after inserting a V-shaped groove in the top of the disc,
FIG. 6:
a cut through the disc FIG. 5 along the in FIG. 5 drawn section line VI, and
FIG. 7:
the cut out FIG. 6 with dashed lines drawn second groove on the underside of the disc.

Für die folgenden Ausführungen gilt, dass gleiche Teile durch gleiche Bezugszeichen bezeichnet werden. Sofern in einer Figur Bezugszeichen enthalten sind, auf die in der zugehörigen Figurenbeschreibung nicht näher eingegangen wird, so wird auf vorangehende oder nachfolgende Figurenbeschreibungen Bezug genommen.For the following statements applies that the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals. If reference numbers are contained in a figure, which are not discussed in detail in the associated description of the figures, reference is made to preceding or subsequent description of the figures.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Unruhfeder 1. Die Spiralform der Unruhfeder ist in dieser Ansicht deutlich zu erkennen. FIG. 1 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a balance spring according to the invention 1. The spiral shape of the balance spring is clearly visible in this view.

Der Windungsquerschnitt der Unruhfeder 1 ist über die gesamte Länge des Federkörpers gleich. Lediglich beispielhaft wurde in Figur 1 eine Schnittebene II eingezeichnet. Der zugehörige Windungsquerschnitt ist in Figur 2 dargestellt. Wie die Abbildung zeigt, weist der Windungsquerschnitt 2 im Wesentlichen die Form einer Raute auf. Die Grundform der Raute weist vier Seiten 3, zwei erste Ecken 4 mit einem ersten Innenwinkel α, zwei zweite Ecken 5 mit einem Innenwinkel β, eine erste Diagonale 6, welche die beiden ersten Ecken miteinander verbindet, und eine zweite Diagonale 7, welche die beiden zweiten Ecken miteinander verbindet, auf. Die erste Diagonale 6 der Grundform ist kürzer als die zweite Diagonale 7.The winding cross section of the balance spring 1 is the same over the entire length of the spring body. Merely by way of example was in FIG. 1 a section plane II drawn. The associated winding cross section is in FIG. 2 shown. As the figure shows, the winding cross-section 2 essentially has the shape of a rhombus. The basic shape of the diamond has four sides 3, two first corners 4 with a first inner angle α, two second corners 5 with an inner angle β, a first diagonal 6 connecting the two first corners, and a second diagonal 7 connecting the two connecting the two corners together. The first diagonal 6 of the basic shape is shorter than the second diagonal 7.

Der eigentliche Windungsquerschnitt ergibt sich erst durch Abschneiden der beiden zweiten Ecken 5 parallel zur ersten Diagonale 6. Der eigentliche Windungsquerschnitt weist somit nicht vier sondern insgesamt sechs Seiten auf. Die beiden zusätzlichen Seiten, die sich durch Abschneiden des Rautengrundkörpers ergeben, sind in der Zeichnung mit dem Bezugszeichen 8 bezeichnet.The actual winding cross-section results only by cutting off the two second corners 5 parallel to the first diagonal 6. The actual winding cross-section thus has not four but a total of six sides. The two additional pages, which result from cutting off the diamond basic body, are designated by the reference numeral 8 in the drawing.

Der Abstand 9 zwischen den beiden zusätzlichen Seiten 8 beträgt erfindungsgemäß vorteilhafter Weise zwischen 0,05 mm und 0,2 mm. Die beiden zusätzlichen Seiten 8 weisen weiter vorzugsweise eine Länge zwischen 0,01 mm und 0,05 mm auf. Die Länge der ersten Diagonale beträgt weiter vorzugsweise zwischen 0,03 mm und 0,07 mm. Der zweite Innenwinkel β beträgt weiter vorzugsweise zwischen 3° und 30°. Bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel beträgt der zweite Innenwinkel etwa 30°.The distance 9 between the two additional sides 8 according to the invention is advantageously between 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm. The two additional sides 8 further preferably have a length between 0.01 mm and 0.05 mm. The length of the first diagonal is more preferably between 0.03 mm and 0.07 mm. The second inner angle β is more preferably between 3 ° and 30 °. In the embodiment shown, the second inner angle is about 30 °.

Um die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Unruhfeder zu vereinfachen, ist der Übergang zwischen den beiden zusätzlichen Seiten 8 und den jeweils angrenzenden Seiten 3 der Raute abgerundet. Der Radius R der Rundung ist deutlich in Figur 3 zu sehen und beträgt zwischen 0,005 mm und 0,05 mm.In order to simplify the production of the balance spring according to the invention, the transition between the two additional sides 8 and the respective adjacent sides 3 of the rhombus is rounded. The radius R of the rounding is clearly in FIG. 3 can be seen and is between 0.005 mm and 0.05 mm.

Bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die beiden gegenüberliegenden zweiten Ecken 5 jeweils auf gleicher Höhe abgeschnitten, sodass sich ein Windungsquerschnitt ergibt, der sowohl in Bezug auf die erste Diagonale 6 als auch in Bezug auf die zweite Diagonale 7 symmetrisch ausgeführt ist.In the embodiment shown, the two opposite second corners 5 are each cut at the same height, so that there is a winding cross section, the is performed symmetrically with respect to both the first diagonal 6 and with respect to the second diagonal 7.

Nachfolgend wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Unruhfeder beschrieben. Die Unruhfeder wird aus einem Rohteil hergestellt, das aus einem keramischen Material besteht. Vorzugsweise wird dabei ein Rohteil aus einer Glaskeramik verwendet.The method according to the invention for producing the balance spring according to the invention will be described below. The balance spring is made of a blank, which consists of a ceramic material. Preferably, a blank made of a glass ceramic is used.

Bei dem Rohteil handelt es sich um eine kreisrunde Scheibe 10, die in einer Schrägansicht in Figur 4 dargestellt ist. Die Scheibe 10 wird mittels eines selektiven Laserabtragungsverfahrens derart strukturiert, dass sich der gewünschte Windungsquerschnitt ergibt. Hierzu wird zunächst in die Oberseite 16 der Scheibe 10 durch den Laserstrahl 12 eines Ultrakurzpulslasers 11 eine erste V-förmige Nut 13 eingebracht. Die Nut 13 ist sowohl in Figur 5 als auch in der Schnittdarstellung aus Figur 6 zu erkennen. Die V-förmige Nut 13 markiert den Zwischenraum zwischen den späteren Windungen der Unruhfeder und ist daher selbst spiralförmig ausgebildet. Wie in Figur 6 gezeigt ist, beträgt die Tiefe der Nut etwas mehr als die Hälfte der Materialstärke der Scheibe 10. Der Nutgrund befindet sich daher in Figur 6 unterhalb der Linie 15, welche die Mitte der keramischen Scheibe 10 markiert.The blank is a circular disc 10, which in an oblique view in FIG. 4 is shown. The disk 10 is patterned by means of a selective laser ablation process such that the desired winding cross-section results. For this purpose, a first V-shaped groove 13 is first introduced into the top 16 of the disc 10 by the laser beam 12 of a ultrashort pulse laser 11. The groove 13 is in both FIG. 5 as well as in the sectional view FIG. 6 to recognize. The V-shaped groove 13 marks the space between the later turns of the balance spring and is therefore itself formed spirally. As in FIG. 6 is shown, the depth of the groove is slightly more than half the material thickness of the disc 10. The groove base is therefore in FIG. 6 below the line 15 which marks the center of the ceramic disc 10.

Nachdem die erste Nut 13 in die Oberseite 16 der Scheibe 10 eingebracht wurde, wird die Scheibe 10 gewendet, sodass mit dem Laser 11 die Unterseite 17 der Scheibe strukturiert werden kann. In die Unterseite 17 wird mittels des Lasers nun ebenfalls eine V-förmige Nut eingebracht. Diese zweite V-förmige Nut ist in Figur 7 gestrichelt angedeutet und mit dem Bezugszeichen 14 versehen. Die beiden V-förmigen Nuten 13 und 14 sind deckungsgleich und bilden zusammen einen Durchbruch, der die einzelnen Windungen der Spiral-Unruhfeder voneinander trennt.After the first groove 13 has been introduced into the upper side 16 of the disk 10, the disk 10 is turned, so that with the laser 11, the bottom 17 of the disk can be structured. In the bottom 17, a V-shaped groove is now also introduced by means of the laser. This second V-shaped groove is in FIG. 7 indicated by dashed lines and provided with the reference numeral 14. The two V-shaped grooves 13 and 14 are congruent and together form an opening which separates the individual turns of the spiral balance spring from each other.

Claims (16)

Unruhfeder (1) für ein mechanisches Uhrwerk einer Kleinuhr, wobei die Unruhfeder als Spiralfeder ausgeführt ist und einen Windungsquerschnitt (2) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Windungsquerschnitt (2) der Spiralfeder die Form einer Raute aufweist, wobei die Raute zumindest vier Seiten (3), zwei erste Ecken (4) mit einem ersten Innenwinkel α, zwei zweite Ecken (5) mit einem zweiten Innenwinkel β, eine erste Diagonale (6), welche die beiden ersten Ecken miteinander verbindet, und eine zweite Diagonale (7), welche die beiden zweiten Ecken miteinander verbindet, aufweist, wobei die erste Diagonale kürzer ist als die zweite Diagonale, und wobei der erste Innenwinkel größer ist als der zweite Innenwinkel.Timepiece (1) for a mechanical movement of a watch, wherein the balance spring is designed as a spiral spring and a Windungsquerschnitt (2), characterized in that the turns cross-section (2) of the spiral spring has the shape of a rhombus, the rhombus at least four sides ( 3), two first corners (4) having a first inner angle α, two second corners (5) having a second inner angle β, a first diagonal (6) interconnecting the two first corners, and a second diagonal (7), which connects the two second corners with each other, wherein the first diagonal is shorter than the second diagonal, and wherein the first inner angle is greater than the second inner angle. Unruhfeder (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden zweiten Ecken (5), die durch die zweite Diagonale (7) miteinander verbunden sind, parallel zur ersten Diagonale (6) abgeschnitten sind, so dass die Raute zwei zusätzliche Seiten (8) aufweist.Balance spring (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the two second corners (5) which are interconnected by the second diagonal (7) are cut parallel to the first diagonal (6) so that the diamond has two additional sides ( 8). Unruhfeder (1) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand (9) zwischen den beiden zusätzlichen Seiten (8) zwischen 0,05 mm und 0,2 mm beträgt.Balance spring (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the distance (9) between the two additional sides (8) is between 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm. Unruhfeder (1) nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden zusätzlichen Seiten (8) eine Länge zwischen 0,01 mm und 0,05 mm aufweisen.Balance spring (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the two additional sides (8) have a length between 0.01 mm and 0.05 mm. Unruhfeder (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Länge der ersten Diagonale (6) zwischen 0,03 mm und 0,07 mm beträgt.Balance spring (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the length of the first diagonal (6) is between 0.03 mm and 0.07 mm. Unruhfeder (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Innenwinkel β zwischen 3° und 30° beträgt.Balance spring (1) according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the second inner angle β is between 3 ° and 30 °. Unruhfeder (1) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Innenwinkel β zwischen 10° und 30° beträgt.Balance spring (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the second inner angle β is between 10 ° and 30 °. Unruhfeder (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Übergang zwischen den beiden zusätzlichen Seiten (8) und den jeweils angrenzenden Seiten (3) der Raute abgerundet ist, wobei der Radius (R) der Rundung zwischen 0,005 mm und 0,05 mm beträgt.Balance spring (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the transition between the two additional sides (8) and the respective adjacent sides (3) of the rhombus is rounded, wherein the radius (R) of the rounding between 0.005 mm and 0.05 mm. Unruhfeder (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Windungsquerschnitt sowohl in Bezug auf die erste Diagonale (6) der Raute als auch in Bezug auf die zweite Diagonale (7) der Raute symmetrisch ausgeführt ist.Balance spring (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the winding cross-section is symmetrical both with respect to the first diagonal (6) of the diamond and with respect to the second diagonal (7) of the diamond. Unruhfeder (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Unruhfeder (1) aus einem keramischen Material, vorzugsweise aus einer Glaskeramik, besteht.Balance spring (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the balance spring (1) consists of a ceramic material, preferably of a glass ceramic. Uhrwerk für eine Kleinuhr, mit einer Unruhfeder (1), gekennzeichnet durch eine Unruhfeder (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10.Clockwork for a small watch, with a balance spring (1), characterized by a balance spring (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Unruhfeder (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, wobei die Unruhfeder als Spiralfeder ausgeführt ist und einen Windungsquerschnitt (2) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Unruhfeder aus einem Rohteil (10) hergestellt wird, wobei das Rohteil aus einem keramischen Material besteht und mittels eines selektiven Laserabtragungsverfahrens derart strukturiert wird, dass der Windungsquerschnitt der Spiralfeder die Form einer Raute aufweist, wobei die Raute zumindest vier Seiten (3), zwei erste Ecken (4) mit einem ersten Innenwinkel α, zwei zweite Ecken (5) mit einem zweiten Innenwinkel β, eine erste Diagonale (6), welche die beiden ersten Ecken miteinander verbindet, und eine zweite Diagonale (7), welche die beiden zweiten Ecken miteinander verbindet, aufweist, wobei die erste Diagonale kürzer ist als die zweite Diagonale, und wobei der erste Innenwinkel größer ist als der zweite Innenwinkel.A method for producing a balance spring (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the balance spring is designed as a spiral spring and a Windungsquerschnitt (2), characterized in that the balance spring is made of a blank (10), wherein the blank from a ceramic material and is structured by means of a selective laser ablation process such that the winding cross section of the spiral spring has the shape of a rhombus, wherein the rhombus has at least four sides (3), two first corners (4) with a first inner angle α, two second corners ( 5) having a second inner angle β, a first diagonal (6) interconnecting the two first corners, and a second diagonal (7) interconnecting the two second corners, the first diagonal being shorter than the second one Diagonal, and wherein the first inner angle is greater than the second inner angle. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Rohteil (10) eine Scheibe ist.A method according to claim 12, characterized in that the blank (10) is a disc. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Rohteil (10) eine Dicke von 0,1 mm bis 0,25 mm aufweist.A method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the blank (10) has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.25 mm. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf einer ersten Seite (16) des Rohteils (10) mittels Laser eine erste V-förmige Nut (13) eingebracht wird, wobei auf der gegenüberliegenden zweiten Seite (17) des Rohteils (10) ebenfalls mittels Laser eine zweite V-förmige Nut (14) eingebracht wird, derart, dass erste und zweite Nut (13, 14) deckungsgleich übereinander liegen und zusammen einen Durchbruch bilden, der einzelne Windungen der Spiralfeder voneinander trennt.Method according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that on a first side (16) of the blank (10) by means of laser, a first V-shaped groove (13) is introduced, wherein on the opposite second side (17) of the blank (10) also a second V-shaped groove (14) is introduced by means of laser, such that first and second groove (13, 14) are congruent to each other and together form an opening which separates individual turns of the coil spring from each other. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Druchführung des selektiven Laserabtragungsverfahrens ein Ultrakurzpulslaser (11) verwendet wird.Method according to one of Claims 12 to 15, characterized in that an ultrashort pulse laser (11) is used to carry out the selective laser ablation process.
EP17176933.4A 2017-06-20 2017-06-20 Balance spring with lozenge section for a mechanical clockwork of a watch and method for producing said balance spring Active EP3418816B1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17176933.4A EP3418816B1 (en) 2017-06-20 2017-06-20 Balance spring with lozenge section for a mechanical clockwork of a watch and method for producing said balance spring
RU2020101639A RU2765407C2 (en) 2017-06-20 2018-06-19 Balance spring with rhomboid cross-section for mechanical clockwork mechanism of small clock, as well as method for manufacturing balance spring
KR1020207001518A KR102575006B1 (en) 2017-06-20 2018-06-19 Balance spring having a lozenge cross section for mechanical movement of a watch and method for manufacturing the balance spring
PCT/EP2018/066214 WO2018234290A1 (en) 2017-06-20 2018-06-19 Balance spring with rhomboidal cross-section for a mechanical movement of a watch, and method for producing the balance spring
JP2019569370A JP7148207B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2018-06-19 Balance spring with rhomboidal cross-section for mechanical movement of watch and method for producing balance spring
US16/624,795 US11397409B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2018-06-19 Balance spring with rhomboidal cross-section for a mechanical movement of a watch, and method for producing the balance spring
CN201880041465.8A CN110892340B (en) 2017-06-20 2018-06-19 Balance spring for a mechanical clockwork of a small timepiece and method for manufacturing same

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JP (1) JP7148207B2 (en)
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RU2020101639A (en) 2021-07-20
EP3418816B1 (en) 2019-10-16
JP7148207B2 (en) 2022-10-05
KR102575006B1 (en) 2023-09-06
US11397409B2 (en) 2022-07-26
CN110892340B (en) 2021-08-24
RU2765407C2 (en) 2022-01-28
JP2020524783A (en) 2020-08-20
RU2020101639A3 (en) 2021-11-09
CN110892340A (en) 2020-03-17
US20200192293A1 (en) 2020-06-18
KR20200019967A (en) 2020-02-25
WO2018234290A1 (en) 2018-12-27

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