EP3380594B1 - Use of an additive for improving the air release of a lubricating oil - Google Patents

Use of an additive for improving the air release of a lubricating oil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3380594B1
EP3380594B1 EP16800935.5A EP16800935A EP3380594B1 EP 3380594 B1 EP3380594 B1 EP 3380594B1 EP 16800935 A EP16800935 A EP 16800935A EP 3380594 B1 EP3380594 B1 EP 3380594B1
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Prior art keywords
lubricating oil
additive
use according
alkyl acrylate
oil
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3380594A1 (en
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Sravani GULLAPALLI
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Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
    • C10M145/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate monocarboxylic
    • C10M145/14—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/041—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being macromolecular compounds only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/0206—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
    • C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/04—Molecular weight; Molecular weight distribution
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/18—Anti-foaming property
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/30—Anti-misting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of an additive for improving the air release of a lubricating oil.
  • Lubricating oils are used to protect and lubricate surfaces in contact, and may also be used to transmit power. It is known that air entrainment can reduce the efficacy of lubricating oils. Air entrainment is a phenomenon wherein air bubbles (typically having a diameter of less than 1mm) are dispersed throughout the lubricating oil. Entrained air can be distinguished from free air (a pocket of air trapped in part of the system), from dissolved air (lubricating oils may contain between 6 and 12 percent by volume of dissolved air) and from foam (air bubbles typically greater than 1mm in diameter that congregate on the surface of the oil). Air entrainment can have a number of negative consequences including loss of lubricity, possible oxidation of the lubricating oil, noisy operation, lower efficiency and higher oil temperatures.
  • the air entrainment properties of a lubricating oil are typically measured using the ASTM D3427 air release test. This test measures the time needed for air entrained in the oil to reduce in volume to 0.2% under the test conditions and at the specified temperature.
  • US5766513 discloses a method for reducing foaming of a hydrocarbon oil at both low and high temperatures and without degrading the air release time to the extent that would occur with a silicone antifoamant which comprises adding a minor amount of a combination fluorosilicone antifoamant and a polyacrylate antifoamant to said oil.
  • the present inventors have sought to improve the air entrainment properties of lubricating oils.
  • the invention provides the use of an additive wherein the additive is an alkyl acrylate polymer, mixed into a lubricating oil using a high shear mixer, for improving the air release of a lubricating oil as measured by ASTM D3427.
  • Such alkyl acrylate polymers have been previously used as anti-foam additives. Air release times are typically considered to get worse with the addition of additives, especially anti-foams such as silicone oils. This is explained by Duncanson in “Properties on Foam in Lubricating Oils", pages 9-13, May 2003 Lubrication Engineering, Journal of the Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers .
  • the present invention provides the use of an additive for improving the air release of a lubricating oil as measured by ASTM D3427.
  • compressed air is blown through the lubricating oil, which has been heated to a temperature of 50°C. After the air flow is stopped, the time required for the air entrained in the oil to reduce in volume to 0.2% is recorded as the air release time.
  • a desirable air release value is typically less than 3 minutes, preferably less than 60 seconds and most preferably less than 20 seconds.
  • the air release is improved as compared to air release achieved using the lubricating oil wherein the additive has not been mixed with the lubricating oil using a high shear mixer.
  • the inventors have found useful reductions in air release times when carrying out the method of the invention.
  • the lubricating oil comprises a base oil component, which may be a blend of several base oils.
  • the base oils in the base oil component may be any conventional base oils chosen from Groups I, II, III, IV or V of the API (American Petroleum Institute) base oil categories.
  • the base oil component comprises a GTL base oil, and more preferably the base oil component comprises at least 75wt% of a GTL base oil based upon the weight of the base oil component.
  • GTL base oils are synthesised by the Fischer-Tropsch method of converting natural gas to liquid fuel. They have a very low sulphur content and aromatic content compared with mineral oil base oils refined from crude oil and have a very high paraffin constituent ratio.
  • the lubricating oil suitably comprises additives.
  • the amount of additives is less than 10wt% based upon the weight of the lubricating oil, more preferably less than 5wt%, most preferably less than 2.5wt%.
  • the additives may include antioxidants, antiwear additives, demulsifiers, emulsifiers, rust and corrosion inhibitors, VI improvers and/or friction modifiers.
  • the lubricating oil has a kinematic viscosity in the range of from 5 to 220cSt at 40°C, more preferably of from 10 to 200cSt, most preferably of from 20 to 100cSt.
  • the kinematic viscosity is suitably measured using ASTM D445 (ASTM D7042).
  • the lubricating oil is formulated for use a hydraulic fluid.
  • Hydraulic fluids are used in many different types of hydraulic machinery and are used not only to lubricate the machinery but also to transmit pressure. Air entrainment can be a particular issue in hydraulic systems, causing spongy or erratic operation of the hydraulics.
  • an alkyl acrylate polymer additive is mixed into the lubricating oil.
  • Suitable alkyl acrylate polymers are disclosed in, for example, US3166508 .
  • the molecular weight of the polymer is suitably less than 10,000, preferably less than 7,500 and more preferably less than 5,000.
  • the alkyl acrylate polymer may be a homopolymer of an alkyl acrylate having at least 3 but less than 7 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical.
  • the alkyl acrylate polymer may be a copolymer of at least two different alkyl acrylates in which the alkyl radical has from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and in which the average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl radicals of the copolymer molecular is at least 3 but less than 7 on a molar basis.
  • the preferred amount of alkyl acrylate polymer will be a balance between using enough to achieve the desired improvement in air release properties and avoiding unnecessary expense by using too much alkyl acrylate polymer.
  • the alkyl acrylate polymer additive is mixed into the lubricating oil using a high shear mixer.
  • high shear mixer is well-known to persons skilled in the art.
  • a rotating impeller or high-speed rotor creates flow and shear within the liquid that is mixed.
  • the rotor will turn within a stationary component known as a stator.
  • the additive is mixed into the lubricating oil at a rate of at least 400rpm. The rate is preferably at least 600rpm and more preferably at least 800rpm.
  • the mixing is for at least 10 minutes, more preferably at least 30 minutes, and most preferably at least 60 minutes.
  • Table 1 gives the amounts of each base oil (in weight % based upon the total weight of the blend) present in each blend.
  • the blends in Table 1 are all ISO 46.
  • Table 1 Chevron 220 R XHVI 8 Spectrasyn 8 Blend 1 15 80 5 Blend 2 25 70 5 Blend 3 15 75 10 Blend 4 20.0 72.5 7.5 Blend 5 20 80 0 Blend 6 25 75 0 Blend 7 0 100 0

Description

    Field of the Invention
  • The invention relates to the use of an additive for improving the air release of a lubricating oil.
    • Background of the Invention
  • Lubricating oils are used to protect and lubricate surfaces in contact, and may also be used to transmit power. It is known that air entrainment can reduce the efficacy of lubricating oils. Air entrainment is a phenomenon wherein air bubbles (typically having a diameter of less than 1mm) are dispersed throughout the lubricating oil. Entrained air can be distinguished from free air (a pocket of air trapped in part of the system), from dissolved air (lubricating oils may contain between 6 and 12 percent by volume of dissolved air) and from foam (air bubbles typically greater than 1mm in diameter that congregate on the surface of the oil). Air entrainment can have a number of negative consequences including loss of lubricity, possible oxidation of the lubricating oil, noisy operation, lower efficiency and higher oil temperatures.
  • The air entrainment properties of a lubricating oil are typically measured using the ASTM D3427 air release test. This test measures the time needed for air entrained in the oil to reduce in volume to 0.2% under the test conditions and at the specified temperature. US5766513 discloses a method for reducing foaming of a hydrocarbon oil at both low and high temperatures and without degrading the air release time to the extent that would occur with a silicone antifoamant which comprises adding a minor amount of a combination fluorosilicone antifoamant and a polyacrylate antifoamant to said oil.
  • The present inventors have sought to improve the air entrainment properties of lubricating oils.
    • Summary of the Invention
  • Accordingly, the invention provides the use of an additive wherein the additive is an alkyl acrylate polymer, mixed into a lubricating oil using a high shear mixer, for improving the air release of a lubricating oil as measured by ASTM D3427.
  • Such alkyl acrylate polymers have been previously used as anti-foam additives. Air release times are typically considered to get worse with the addition of additives, especially anti-foams such as silicone oils. This is explained by Duncanson in "Properties on Foam in Lubricating Oils", pages 9-13, May 2003 Lubrication Engineering, Journal of the Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers.
  • It is surprising that incorporating the alkyl acrylate polymer into the lubricating oil with a high shear mixer affects the air release properties of the lubricating oil. With the present invention the skilled person can use the alkyl acrylate polymer to improve the air release of a lubricating oil.
    • Detailed Description of the Invention
  • The present invention provides the use of an additive for improving the air release of a lubricating oil as measured by ASTM D3427. In the test, compressed air is blown through the lubricating oil, which has been heated to a temperature of 50°C. After the air flow is stopped, the time required for the air entrained in the oil to reduce in volume to 0.2% is recorded as the air release time. A desirable air release value is typically less than 3 minutes, preferably less than 60 seconds and most preferably less than 20 seconds.
  • The air release is improved as compared to air release achieved using the lubricating oil wherein the additive has not been mixed with the lubricating oil using a high shear mixer. The inventors have found useful reductions in air release times when carrying out the method of the invention.
  • The lubricating oil comprises a base oil component, which may be a blend of several base oils. The base oils in the base oil component may be any conventional base oils chosen from Groups I, II, III, IV or V of the API (American Petroleum Institute) base oil categories. Preferably the base oil component comprises a GTL base oil, and more preferably the base oil component comprises at least 75wt% of a GTL base oil based upon the weight of the base oil component. GTL base oils are synthesised by the Fischer-Tropsch method of converting natural gas to liquid fuel. They have a very low sulphur content and aromatic content compared with mineral oil base oils refined from crude oil and have a very high paraffin constituent ratio.
  • The lubricating oil suitably comprises additives. Preferably the amount of additives is less than 10wt% based upon the weight of the lubricating oil, more preferably less than 5wt%, most preferably less than 2.5wt%. The additives may include antioxidants, antiwear additives, demulsifiers, emulsifiers, rust and corrosion inhibitors, VI improvers and/or friction modifiers.
  • Preferably, the lubricating oil has a kinematic viscosity in the range of from 5 to 220cSt at 40°C, more preferably of from 10 to 200cSt, most preferably of from 20 to 100cSt. The kinematic viscosity is suitably measured using ASTM D445 (ASTM D7042).
  • In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the lubricating oil is formulated for use a hydraulic fluid. Hydraulic fluids are used in many different types of hydraulic machinery and are used not only to lubricate the machinery but also to transmit pressure. Air entrainment can be a particular issue in hydraulic systems, causing spongy or erratic operation of the hydraulics.
  • In the use according to the invention an alkyl acrylate polymer additive is mixed into the lubricating oil. Suitable alkyl acrylate polymers are disclosed in, for example, US3166508 . The molecular weight of the polymer is suitably less than 10,000, preferably less than 7,500 and more preferably less than 5,000. In one embodiment the alkyl acrylate polymer may be a homopolymer of an alkyl acrylate having at least 3 but less than 7 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical. In another embodiment the alkyl acrylate polymer may be a copolymer of at least two different alkyl acrylates in which the alkyl radical has from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and in which the average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl radicals of the copolymer molecular is at least 3 but less than 7 on a molar basis.
  • Suitably at least 0.0005wt% of alkyl acrylate polymer, based upon the weight of the lubricating oil, is mixed into the lubricating oil, preferably at least 0.001wt%. Suitably less than 0.1wt% of alkyl acrylate polymer, based upon the weight of the lubricating oil, is mixed into the lubricating oil, preferably less than 0.01wt%. The preferred amount of alkyl acrylate polymer will be a balance between using enough to achieve the desired improvement in air release properties and avoiding unnecessary expense by using too much alkyl acrylate polymer.
  • The alkyl acrylate polymer additive is mixed into the lubricating oil using a high shear mixer. The term "high shear mixer" is well-known to persons skilled in the art. A rotating impeller or high-speed rotor creates flow and shear within the liquid that is mixed. In some embodiments the rotor will turn within a stationary component known as a stator. Preferably the additive is mixed into the lubricating oil at a rate of at least 400rpm. The rate is preferably at least 600rpm and more preferably at least 800rpm. Preferably the mixing is for at least 10 minutes, more preferably at least 30 minutes, and most preferably at least 60 minutes.
  • The invention is further explained in detail below by means of examples, but the invention is in no way limited by these examples.
    • Examples
  • Seven different base oil blends were prepared using combinations of three base oils:
    1. 1) Chevron 220 R (a Group II mineral oil available from Chevron)
    2. 2) XHVI 8 (a Fischer-Tropsch derived oil available from Shell)
    3. 3) Spectrasyn 8 (a poly-alpha olefin fluid available from ExxonMobil)
  • Table 1 gives the amounts of each base oil (in weight % based upon the total weight of the blend) present in each blend. The blends in Table 1 are all ISO 46. Table 1
    Chevron 220 R XHVI 8 Spectrasyn 8
    Blend 1 15 80 5
    Blend 2 25 70 5
    Blend 3 15 75 10
    Blend 4 20.0 72.5 7.5
    Blend 5 20 80 0
    Blend 6 25 75 0
    Blend 7 0 100 0
  • An additive package containing extreme pressure/antiwear additive, friction modifier, ashless rust inhibitor, emulsifier and antioxidant was added to the base oil blends to provide fully formulated lubricating oils. The additive package was the same in each instance. Then 125 ppm of PC 3144 additive (available from Allnex), which is a 40% solution of a modified acrylic polymer in a hydrocarbon solvent, was added to the formulations at 40°C either at a stirring rate of 1200rpm using an overhead Caframo high shear mixer for an hour or at a stirring rate of 300rpm using a magnetic stirrer for an hour.
  • The air release time of the base oil blends, of the fully formulated oils and of the fully formulated oils plus PC 3144 was tested using the ASTM D3427 method. The results are given in Table 2: Table 2
    Air release time at 50°C (seconds)
    Base oil blend Fully formulated oil Fully formulated oil plus PC 3144 with high shear mixer Fully formulated oil plus PC 3144 with magnetic stirrer
    Blend 1 5 16 5 Not measured
    Blend 2 31 31 5 Not measured
    Blend 3 5 5 5 Not measured
    Blend 4 20 26 5 Not measured
    Blend 5 5 31 16 10
    Blend 6 15 10 5 19.8
    Blend 7 5 5 5 10
  • The results show that air release of the base oil blends varies. Adding the additive package can further increase the air release time. Adding the PC 3144 additive using a high shear mixer can substantially reduce the air release time (unless the air release time is already very low as was the case for Blend 3 and Blend 7). Adding the PC 3144 additive with a magnetic stirrer does not seem to have the same effect.

Claims (9)

  1. The use of an additive, wherein the additive is an alkyl acrylate polymer, mixed into a lubricating oil using a high shear mixer, for improving the air release of the lubricating oil as measured by ASTM D3427.
  2. A use according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating oil comprises a base oil component, and the base oil component comprises at least 75wt% of a GTL base oil based upon the weight of the base oil component.
  3. A use according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the lubricating oil has a kinematic viscosity in the range of from 5 to 220cSt at 40°C.
  4. A use according to any preceding claim, wherein the lubricating oil is formulated for use a hydraulic fluid.
  5. A use according to any preceding claim, wherein the molecular weight of the alkyl acrylate polymer is less than 10,000.
  6. A use according to any preceding claim, wherein the alkyl acrylate polymer is a homopolymer of an alkyl acrylate having at least 3 but less than 7 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, or the alkyl acrylate polymer is a copolymer of at least two different alkyl acrylates in which the alkyl radical has from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and in which the average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl radicals of the copolymer molecular is at least 3 but less than 7 on a molar basis.
  7. A use according to any preceding claim, wherein at least 0.0005wt% and less than 0.1wt% of alkyl acrylate polymer, based upon the weight of the lubricating oil, is mixed into the lubricating oil.
  8. A use according to any preceding claim, wherein the additive is mixed into the lubricating oil at a rate of at least 400rpm.
  9. A use according to any preceding claim, wherein the additive is mixed into the lubricating oil at a rate of at least 800rpm.
EP16800935.5A 2015-11-24 2016-11-22 Use of an additive for improving the air release of a lubricating oil Active EP3380594B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201562259169P 2015-11-24 2015-11-24
PCT/EP2016/078463 WO2017089354A1 (en) 2015-11-24 2016-11-22 Method for improving the air release of a lubricating oil

Publications (2)

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CN114540096A (en) * 2020-11-24 2022-05-27 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method for reducing air release value of CTL (cytotoxic T lymphocyte) base oil

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US20180371352A1 (en) 2018-12-27
EP3380594A1 (en) 2018-10-03
BR112018010644A2 (en) 2018-11-13
RU2018122812A (en) 2019-12-25
RU2018122812A3 (en) 2020-03-11
CN108291170A (en) 2018-07-17
RU2731491C2 (en) 2020-09-03
JP6878452B2 (en) 2021-05-26
BR112018010644B1 (en) 2021-03-30
JP2018535307A (en) 2018-11-29
WO2017089354A1 (en) 2017-06-01

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