EP3378614B1 - Razor blade, razor head, and method of manufacture - Google Patents

Razor blade, razor head, and method of manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3378614B1
EP3378614B1 EP18167402.9A EP18167402A EP3378614B1 EP 3378614 B1 EP3378614 B1 EP 3378614B1 EP 18167402 A EP18167402 A EP 18167402A EP 3378614 B1 EP3378614 B1 EP 3378614B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
cutting edge
strip
axis
razor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18167402.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3378614A3 (en
EP3378614A2 (en
Inventor
Vasileios DAVOS
Vassilis Papachristos
Dimitrios Efthimiadis
Panagiotis Zafiropoulos
Nikolaos SKOUNAKIS
Ioannis KOMIANOS
Michalis Karoussis
Anastasios PAPAGEORGIOU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BIC Violex SA
Original Assignee
BIC Violex SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BIC Violex SA filed Critical BIC Violex SA
Priority to PL18167402T priority Critical patent/PL3378614T3/pl
Priority claimed from EP12769444.6A external-priority patent/EP2763823B1/en
Publication of EP3378614A2 publication Critical patent/EP3378614A2/en
Publication of EP3378614A3 publication Critical patent/EP3378614A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3378614B1 publication Critical patent/EP3378614B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
    • B26B21/54—Razor-blades
    • B26B21/56—Razor-blades characterised by the shape
    • B26B21/565—Bent razor blades; Razor blades with bent carriers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
    • B26B21/08—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor involving changeable blades
    • B26B21/14—Safety razors with one or more blades arranged transversely to the handle
    • B26B21/22—Safety razors with one or more blades arranged transversely to the handle involving several blades to be used simultaneously
    • B26B21/222—Safety razors with one or more blades arranged transversely to the handle involving several blades to be used simultaneously with the blades moulded into, or attached to, a changeable unit
    • B26B21/227—Safety razors with one or more blades arranged transversely to the handle involving several blades to be used simultaneously with the blades moulded into, or attached to, a changeable unit with blades being resiliently mounted in the changeable unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
    • B26B21/40—Details or accessories
    • B26B21/4012—Housing details, e.g. for cartridges

Definitions

  • the instant inventions relate to integrally formed rigid razor blades, razor heads having such blades, and their methods of manufacture.
  • the invention is related to methods of manufacture of integrally formed rigid razor blades.
  • Such cutting members are so-called 'supported blades', in that the so-called 'cutting part', which has the cutting edge, is assembled to a planar portion of a different part, called 'support part' which has the L-shaped cross-section.
  • US 1 734 554 A discloses a method of making narrow-gauge razor blades.
  • US 2010/077618 A1 discloses a razor cartridge comprising a housing, a guard disposed toward a front portion of the housing, a cap disposed toward a rear portion of the housing, a plurality of bent blade assemblies, wherein at least one of the blade assemblies comprises one or more perforations along a length of the assembly.
  • a razor cartridge comprising a housing, a guard disposed toward a front portion of the housing, a cap disposed toward a rear portion of the housing, a plurality of integrally formed bent blade assemblies, wherein each of the blade assemblies comprises one or more perforations along a length of the assembly.
  • an integrally formed razor blade comprising:
  • the handled strip can be made longer, and easier to handle. Further, by using a pre-perforated strip, separation of the blade from the strip is performed by imparting minimal deformation to the strip, thereby improving the overall consistency of the manufactured product.
  • Figure 1 shows a head 5 of a safety razor (also called wet shaver), a shaver the blades of which are not driven by a motor relative to the blade unit.
  • a safety razor also called wet shaver
  • the shaving head 5 is to be borne by a handle extending in a longitudinal direction between a proximal portion and a distal portion bearing the blade unit 5 or shaving head.
  • the longitudinal direction may be curved or include one or several straight portions.
  • the blade unit 5 includes an upper face 6 defining a shaving window, and equipped with one or several cutting members and a lower face 7 which is to be connected to the distal portion of the handle by a connection mechanism.
  • the connection mechanism may for instance enable the blade unit 5 to pivot relative to a pivot axis X which is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Said connection mechanism may further enable to selectively release the blade unit for the purpose of exchanging blade units.
  • connection mechanism usable in the present invention is described in document WO-A-2006/027018 , which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes.
  • the blade unit 5 includes a frame 10 which is made solely of synthetic materials, i.e. thermoplastic materials (polystyrene or ABS, for example) and elastomeric materials.
  • the frame 10 includes a plastic platform member 11 connected to the handle by the connection mechanism and having:
  • the guard bar 12 is covered by an elastomeric layer 16 forming a plurality of fins 17 extending parallel to the pivot axis X.
  • the underside of the platform member 11 includes two shell bearings 18 which belong to the connection mechanism 8 and which may be for example as described in the above-mentioned document WO-A-2006/027018 .
  • the frame 10 further includes a plastic cover 19 having a top face and an opposite bottom face, which faces the top face of the components of the platform 11.
  • the cover 19 exhibits a general U shape, with a cap portion 20 partially covering the rear portion 14 of the platform and two side members 21 covering the two side members 15 of the platform. In this embodiment, the cover 19 does no cover the guard bar 12 of the platform.
  • the cap portion 20 of the cover 19 may include a lubricating strip 23 which is oriented upward and comes into contact with the skin of the user during shaving. This lubricating strip may be formed for instance by co-injection with the rest of the cover.
  • the cover 19 is assembled to the platform 11 by any suitable means, such as, for example, by ultra-sonic welding, as explained in WO 2010/06,654 , hereby incorporated here in its entirety for all purposes.
  • At least one cutting member 24 is movably mounted in the blade receiving section 13 of the platform.
  • the blade receiving section 13 may include several cutting members 24, for instance four cutting members as in the example shown in the drawings.
  • Each cutting member 24 is made of a blade which is integrally formed from a flat steel strip.
  • martensitic stainless steel with the following composition (in weight):
  • Such an alloy has no more than traces of other components, and notably no more than traces of Molybdenum.
  • the razor blade has a cutting edge 26 oriented forward in the direction of shaving and an opposed rear edge 54.
  • the cutting edge 26 is accessible through the shaving window of the blade-receiving section 13, to cut hair.
  • Each blade 25 has an outer face 27 oriented towards the skin to be shaved and an opposed inner face 28.
  • the outer and inner faces 27, 28 of the blade include respectively two parallel main surfaces 29, 30 and two tapered facets 31, 32 which taper towards the cutting edge 26.
  • Each blade 25 extends longitudinally, parallel to the pivot axis X, between two lateral sides 33, 33'.
  • the lateral sides are straight.
  • Each blade 25 has a bent profile including:
  • the base portion is also sometimes called “guided portion”.
  • each cutting member 24 is borne by two elastic fingers 44 which are molded as a single piece with the platform 11 and which extend towards each other and upwardly from both side members 15 of the platform.
  • all the fingers 44 extending from a given side member are identical.
  • the base portions 35 of the blades are slidingly guided in slots 45 provided in the inner face of each side member 15 of the platform.
  • the slots are, for example, substantially perpendicular to the shaving plane.
  • the blades 24 are elastically biased by the elastic arms 44 toward a nominal position. In this nominal position, the outer faces 27 of the blades, at each lateral end of the blades, bear against corresponding upper stop portions 52 which are provided on the bottom stopping face of each side member 21 of the cover, said side member 21 covering the slots 45.
  • the nominal position of the blades 24 is well defined, therefore enabling a high shaving precision.
  • the inner faces 28 of the blades, at each lateral end of the blades, are borne by corresponding top portions 55 of the elastic arms.
  • the distance between the two top portions is for example of 22 to 30 mm, preferably between 25 and 27 mm.
  • the guiding slots 45 define a direction Y for the razor head.
  • the direction Z is the normal to the X-Y plane.
  • the base portion 35 extends in a base portion plane.
  • the base portion axis is the main axis of the base portion other than its profile axis, i.e. other than the X axis. In the present embodiment, it is the Y axis. In other words, the main axis along which the base portion extends is the same as the axis defined by the slots 45 in the razor head.
  • the cutting edge portion 39 extends in a cutting edge portion plane.
  • the cutting edge portion axis is the main axis of the cutting edge portion other than its profile axis, i.e. other than the X axis. In the present embodiment, it is a U axis. In other words, the cutting edge portion axis extends in an X-U plane.
  • a V axis is defined normal to the X-U plane.
  • a first embodiment of a bent blade is shown on Figs 3a and 3b .
  • the geometrical characteristics of the blade are here nominal characteristics, which do not take into account the actual geometry of the blade due to the manufacturing process or dispersion. In particular, due to the manufacturing process, thickness variations and/or bow, sweep, camber of some blade portions are possible, and are even intrinsic to the product.
  • a suitable razor blade shows the following geometric properties: Paramete r Nomina l value Dispersio n Paramete r Nomina l value Dispersio n T 0.1 mm Hb 1.43 mm L 37.1 mm R 0.6 mm H 2.33 mm Hc 0.28-1.14 mm D 1.35 mm +/-0.05 mm T 5.3 mm ⁇ 0.003 mm A 108° +/-2° h 0.13-0.32 mm T1 2 mm
  • Hc This value indicated for Hc is in fact an average between the value measured for Hc on both lateral sides of the blade. Due to the deformation of the blade, these two values were different, amounting in average to 0.81 mm and 0.85 mm, respectively. Hc might extend between 0.28 and 1.14 mm, preferably between 0.4 and 1 mm.
  • FIG. 5 Yet another embodiment is shown on Fig. 5 . This embodiment differs from the second embodiment mainly by different values for T and T 1 .
  • the rear edge is not serrated.
  • the geometric datas for this embodiment are: Parameter Nominal value Parameter Nominal value t 0.1 mm Hb 1.57 mm L 37.1 mm R 0.6 H 2.58 mm Hc 1.07 D 1.45 mm ⁇ 112°
  • a cutting plane (P) is defined for the head from the tangents to guard bar before the window receiving the blades and the cap behind it.
  • a force will be applied to the blade by the user, along a direction F which is sensibly normal to the plane (P).
  • the blades 24 are oriented in the head 5 such that the cutting edge portion forms an angle with the cutting plane (P).
  • the force F is applied sensibly in the Y direction at approximately ⁇ 5°.
  • the above material provided a bent blade providing the best compromise between formability and cutting edge performance.
  • the above material can be formed as a successful cutting edge of a razor blade, provided with current cutting edge processing including grinding, coating with a strengthening material and coating with a telomere layer.
  • the above material can be formed as a successful bent region with enhanced consistency, high reproductibility, and without producing too much corrosion prone macro-cracks during manufacturing.
  • the dimension D has proven to be a critical dimension of the blade.
  • the distance between the two contact points of the blade to the springs is between 22 and 30 mm, preferably between 25 and 27 mm, when ⁇ is taken between 95° and 140°, preferably between 108° and 112°, R over 0.4 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 1 mm, t between 0.07 mm and 0.12 mm, preferably between 0.095 and 0.105 mm, Hc between 0.4 mm and 1.0 mm, preferably between 0.81 mm and 0.85 mm.
  • Such a preferential behaviour is also expected to be met for bent blades with lower carbon range, for example from 0.5% carbon in weight.
  • the R dimension is selected over 0.5 mm, preferably over 0.55 mm.
  • the R dimension is preferably lower than 1 mm.
  • the radius of curvature of the outer face at the bent portion is at least 0.57 mm.
  • the median radius of curvature at the bent portion is at least 0.535 mm. Indeed, when the radius of curvature is lower than that, it is difficult to manufacture the blade without generating high stresses which would cause the appearance of macro-cracks in the bent region.
  • Fig. 10 now schematically shows an example of a process for the manufacture of the above bent blades.
  • a strip of suitable material is for example stainless steel in ferritic form with secondary carbides, and having the above composition.
  • a strip is any kind of product suitable to be manufactured into a bent blade as above.
  • the strip 56 is shown on Fig. 8a . It is substantially straight. It has the thickness of the future razor blade. It has the length L of the future razor blade. Along the transverse height direction, it comprises, from top to bottom on Fig. 8a , a cutting edge portion 57, a to-be-bent portion 58, a base portion 59, and a removable portion 60.
  • the cutting edge portion 57, the to-be-bent portion 58 and base portion 59 together define a blade portion of the strip.
  • Notches 61 are provided, which extend oblongly along the long direction, between the base portion 59 and the removable portion 60.
  • the notches 61 are shaped to receive transport fingers of the manufacture apparatus, in order to transport the strip from one station to another, along the manufacturing line, and to hold the strip in respective stations, as will be explained below in relation to Fig. 11 .
  • a metallurgical hardening process 102 is performed on the strip. This process initiates martensitic transformation of the steel.
  • the top edge of the strip which is to become the cutting edge, i.e. the edge of the strip which belongs to the cutting edge portion 57, is shaped as the cutting edge of a razor blade.
  • This shaping is a sharpening process performed by grinding the edge to the acute required geometry.
  • the cutting edge is defined by convergent faces which taper toward a tip having an angle of about 10°-30°.
  • a strengthening coating is applied on the ground cutting edge.
  • the ground blades are stacked in a stack, with their cutting edges all oriented in the same direction, and a strengthening coating is applied thereto.
  • the strengthening coating will comprise one or more layers with different characteristics.
  • the layers may comprise one or more of metal (s) (notably chromium or platinum) and carbon (possibly in DLC form).
  • This coating is for example deposited by sputtering. Sputtering may also be used to precisely shape the geometry of the cutting edge before or after coating. The global geometry of the cutting edge is maintained at this step.
  • telomere coating is applied on the blade edge.
  • a suitable telomere is for example a PTFE.
  • a suitable deposition method is spraying.
  • the blade body is the part of the blade which is made of steel, exclusive the coatings.
  • a bending step is applied on the up-to-now straight strip.
  • one part of the strip is held, and a force is applied on the other part, so as to provide the strip with a bent portion 63, as shown on Fig. 8b .
  • the cutting edge portion 57 is angled with respect to the base portion by sensibly the above angle ⁇ . Permanent deformation is imparted on the bent portion. Bending could for example be performed by stamping. Alternately, bending could be done by a number of other suitable methods. A method which reduces the generation of macro-cracks in the strip, notably to its bent portion, is preferred.
  • the bent strip exiting from this step will not have the nominal geometry described above. In particular, it will exhibit some degree of camber, bow or sweep. Further, due to the material's mechanical properties, the dispersion of the geometry of the products can be large. This is particularly the case when the process used for applying the bending is only mildly severe to the strip (in order to avoid appearance of cracks). In such case, the amount of spring-back of the material after deformation is high and hardly predictable.
  • a straightening step is performed.
  • a forming process is used in order to reduce the dispersion in the geometry of products.
  • permanent deformation is applied on the inner face of the bent portion of the strip. This permanent deformation straightens the overall blade, and reduces the dispersion in blade geometry among the products.
  • a straightening station 70 comprises a support 71 to receive the bent strip 72.
  • the support 71 has a V-shaped groove 73 having an included angle corresponding to the nominal angle for the bent blade.
  • the bent strip is placed in the groove 73 with its outer surface resting on the arms of the V-shaped groove. It may be maintained there by any suitable means, such as by vacuum suction or the like.
  • a deformation tool 74 is placed above the groove 73.
  • the deformation tool 74 has a base 75 receiving a carriage 76 movably mounted with respect to the base 75 along the length direction of the strip (transverse to the plane of Fig. 9 ).
  • the carriage 76 bears a pressure-application tip 77.
  • the position of the pressure-application tip 77 with respect to the carriage 76 is settable, so as to bring the pressure-application tip at controlled distance to the base 71.
  • the distance between the edge of the tip 77 and the groove 73 will determine the level of pressure applied by the tip to the strip.
  • the pressure-application tip may comprise a support 78 receiving a spring-loaded ball 79 at its edge.
  • the ball has dimensions of the order of the bent portion of the strip.
  • the support 78 allows rotation of the ball 79 therein.
  • the tip 77 Upon use, the tip 77 is held in an upper position until a strip is placed in the groove 73. The tip 77 is moved down until the ball 79 contacts the bent portion of the strip with suitable pressure. The ball 79 does not contact the straight portions of the strip. The contact is made at one lateral side of the strip. Then, the carriage 76 is moved with respect to the base 75 along the length of the strip until the other lateral side, to form the bent portion of the strip. The ball rolls during this movement. Possibly, this movement is performed back-and-forth. The tip 77 is then moved again to its up position, to remove the straightened strip from the straightening station 70.
  • the formed strip is controlled. For example, its geometry is measured with a suitable measurement apparatus. These measurements enable to set the level of pressure applied by the tip for straightening steps on future products.
  • a cutting step 108 is performed.
  • the removable portion 60 is removed, to result in the final bent blade.
  • it is made use of the notches 61 which are provided between the base portion and the removable portion of the blade, to remove the removable portion. It enables to remove the removable portion by imparting minimal stress on the bent blade, thus minimizing the level of permanent deformation applied to the bent blade, and potentially affecting its geometry. Further, as the cut part surface is minimized, initiation of corrosion is also reduced to the small cut area.
  • Cutting can be performed in a cutting station 80 partially shown on Fig. 11 .
  • the station 80 has a base 81 from which two lateral pins 82 extend.
  • the pins 82 are shaped to enter in corresponding notches 61 of the strip, and together precisely locate the strip in the station.
  • Vacuum may additionally be used to retain the strip in the station by suction.
  • the strip at various stages of its manufacture, can be held in manufacturing stations, and/or moved from one station to the next, using similar principles.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dry Shavers And Clippers (AREA)
EP18167402.9A 2011-10-06 2012-10-08 Razor blade, razor head, and method of manufacture Active EP3378614B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL18167402T PL3378614T3 (pl) 2011-10-06 2012-10-08 Ostrze golarki, głowica golarki i sposób produkcji

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP2011067451 2011-10-06
EP12769444.6A EP2763823B1 (en) 2011-10-06 2012-10-08 Razor blade and razor head
PCT/EP2012/069883 WO2013050606A1 (en) 2011-10-06 2012-10-08 Razor blade, razor head, and method of manufacture

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12769444.6A Division EP2763823B1 (en) 2011-10-06 2012-10-08 Razor blade and razor head
EP12769444.6A Division-Into EP2763823B1 (en) 2011-10-06 2012-10-08 Razor blade and razor head

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3378614A2 EP3378614A2 (en) 2018-09-26
EP3378614A3 EP3378614A3 (en) 2019-01-09
EP3378614B1 true EP3378614B1 (en) 2020-08-19

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18167402.9A Active EP3378614B1 (en) 2011-10-06 2012-10-08 Razor blade, razor head, and method of manufacture
EP18169778.0A Active EP3375578B1 (en) 2011-10-06 2012-10-08 Razor blade and razor head

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18169778.0A Active EP3375578B1 (en) 2011-10-06 2012-10-08 Razor blade and razor head

Country Status (2)

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EP (2) EP3378614B1 (pl)
PL (2) PL3378614T3 (pl)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020176163A1 (en) * 2019-02-28 2020-09-03 Edgewell Personal Care Brands, Llc Razor blade and composition for a razor blade
EP3771532B1 (en) 2019-07-31 2023-10-25 BIC Violex Single Member S.A. Razor cartridge

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1734554A (en) * 1928-01-28 1929-11-05 American Safety Razor Corp Method of making narrow-gauge razor blades
GB548647A (en) * 1941-11-10 1942-10-19 George Theophilus Money Improvements in and relating to safety razor blades
US4621424A (en) 1982-09-17 1986-11-11 The Gillette Company Razor blade assembly
US4498235A (en) * 1982-09-17 1985-02-12 The Gillette Company Razor blade assembly
US5010646A (en) 1990-01-26 1991-04-30 The Gillette Company Shaving system
DE69011118T2 (de) * 1990-11-10 1995-03-30 Hitachi Metals Ltd Korrosionsbeständiger Stahl für Rasierklingen,Rasierklingen und Herstellungsverfahren.
KR101123162B1 (ko) 2003-06-26 2012-03-19 코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. 구부러진 면도기 날과 이러한 면도기 날의 제조
CN100591492C (zh) 2004-09-07 2010-02-24 比克维奥莱克斯公司 剃刀手柄和包括该手柄的剃刀
US8011104B2 (en) 2006-04-10 2011-09-06 The Gillette Company Cutting members for shaving razors
US8499462B2 (en) * 2006-04-10 2013-08-06 The Gillette Company Cutting members for shaving razors
BRPI0621787B1 (pt) 2006-06-20 2019-05-07 Bic-Violex Sa Cabeça de unidade de lâmina de barbear e barbeador seguro incluindo tal unidade de lâmina
AU2009244489B2 (en) * 2008-05-05 2015-05-07 Edgewell Personal Care Brands, Llc Razor blade and method of manufacture
MX349201B (es) 2008-07-18 2017-07-17 Bic-Violex Sa * Procedimiento y estación para fabricar un cartucho de afeitar de seguridad y cartucho de afeitar de seguridad.
CA2738795A1 (en) * 2008-09-29 2010-04-01 The Gillette Company Razor cartridges with perforated blade assemblies
JP5830823B2 (ja) 2009-07-15 2015-12-09 エバレデイ バツテリ カンパニー インコーポレーテツド かみそりブレードの技術
ES2746378T3 (es) 2009-07-16 2020-03-05 Tobii Ab Unidad de detección ocular que usa flujo de datos paralelo
BR112012011213A2 (pt) 2009-11-18 2018-04-03 Gillette Co lâminas para aparelhos de barbear ou depilar
US20110314678A1 (en) * 2010-06-29 2011-12-29 Mark Peterson Bent razor blades and manufacturing thereof

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Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3375578B1 (en) 2020-09-23
EP3378614A3 (en) 2019-01-09
EP3378614A2 (en) 2018-09-26
PL2763823T3 (pl) 2018-11-30
PL3378614T3 (pl) 2020-12-14
EP3375578A1 (en) 2018-09-19

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