EP3375086A1 - Current conversion method and device, vehicle comprising such a device - Google Patents
Current conversion method and device, vehicle comprising such a deviceInfo
- Publication number
- EP3375086A1 EP3375086A1 EP16809481.1A EP16809481A EP3375086A1 EP 3375086 A1 EP3375086 A1 EP 3375086A1 EP 16809481 A EP16809481 A EP 16809481A EP 3375086 A1 EP3375086 A1 EP 3375086A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- inverter
- phase
- spatial
- vector
- vectors
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/06—Rotor flux based control involving the use of rotor position or rotor speed sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/22—Current control, e.g. using a current control loop
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a device for converting current, and a vehicle comprising such a device.
- the present invention applies to the field of current conversion for devices comprising a three-phase electric motor.
- the present invention applies to electric or hybrid vehicles such as cars, trains, trams, for example.
- the present invention also applies to "smart” electricity distribution networks (commonly called “Smartgrid”).
- the invention applies to any electrical device, such as portable electric chainsaws or washing machines, for example.
- This device has the disadvantage of limiting the fundamental output voltage to 89% of the attainable fundamental voltage.
- the present invention aims to remedy all or part of these disadvantages.
- the present invention aims to minimize losses due to phase switching and to eliminate the third order harmonic on the output signal of the inverters.
- the present invention provides a current conversion method for an electrical device comprising:
- each inverter being controlled by a modulation of at least six non-zero space vectors (or SVM acronym for "Space Vector Modulation” in English terminology), the voltage in output of each inverter being given by a spatial vector called "reference spatial vector",
- the third harmonic of the power supply current of the electric motor is close to zero.
- losses due to phase switching are decreased.
- the switching frequency is reduced by thirty-three percent compared to a conventional spatial vector modulation ("Conventional Space Vector Modulation") of the acronym CSVM in English terminology.
- a phase of the three-phase electric motor is maintained unchanged and each other phase of the three-phase electric motor switches from a predetermined voltage opposite said voltage.
- the advantage of these embodiments is to limit the number of phase switches of the electric motor, increasing the life of the electric motor.
- the duty ratio of the spatial vector V i + 1 , i is an integer between one and six, ⁇ ⁇ is the angle between the reference vector and the abscissa of an orthonormal coordinate system, with x an integer between 1 and 2 , and M * is a real number between 0 and 1 called "modulation index".
- the method which is the subject of the present invention comprises a step of adjusting at least one modulation index M x as a function of the amplitude of the fundamental of the input signal of the three-phase motor.
- the modulation index is adjusted to produce a better performance of the electrical device.
- the method that is the subject of the present invention comprises a step of adapting at least one phase angle between the phases of the three-phase motor as a function of the amplitude of the fundamental of the input signal of the three-phase motor.
- the advantage of these embodiments is to adapt the phase angle to improve the performance of the electrical device and reduce losses.
- the phase angle and adjusting the modulation index the distortions due to the harmonics are close to zero.
- the activation sequence of the first inverter is identical and synchronized with the activation sequence of the second inverter.
- the present invention provides a current conversion device for an electrical device comprising:
- each inverter being controlled by a modulation of at least six spatial vectors (or SVM acronym for "Space
- the present invention relates to a vehicle comprising:
- each inverter being controlled by a modulation of at least six spatial vectors (or SVM acronym for "Space Vector Modulation” in English terminology), the output voltage of each inverter being given by a said space vector "Reference spatial vector” and
- FIG. 1 represents, schematically, a first particular embodiment of a method that is the subject of the present invention
- FIG. 2 schematically represents a first particular embodiment of a device that is the subject of the present invention
- FIG. 3 represents, schematically, the output current values of the two inverters on an orthonormal frame ( ⁇ , ⁇ ).
- FIG. 4 represents, schematically, the spatial vectors for each three-phase inverter of a current conversion device of the present invention
- FIG. 5 shows schematically a vehicle object of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a particular embodiment of a method which is the subject of the present invention.
- the dashed steps correspond to particular embodiments of the method that is the subject of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a particular embodiment of a device that is the subject of the present invention. The description which follows is the simultaneous description of FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the method 10 object of the present invention is for an electrical device 20 comprising:
- each inverter being controlled by a modulation of at least six spatial vectors, V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 and V 6 , non-zero (or SVM acronym for "Space Vector Modulation” in English terminology Saxon), the output voltage of each inverter being given by a spatial vector called "reference spatial vector”.
- each inverter 225 and 235 are defined as having the same standard and such as the angle between the direction of a vector.
- V and the direction of a vector V i + 1 , with i an integer between one and six, is sixty degrees.
- the origin of the six spatial vectors V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 at the same determined point of an orthonormal coordinate system ( ⁇ , ⁇ )
- the ends of the spatial vectors V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 define a regular hexagon.
- the vector V 1 is defined as being parallel to the axis a of the orthonormal coordinate system (a, ⁇ ) and the angle between the direction of a vector V, and the direction of a vector V i + is sixty degrees counter clockwise.
- the representation of spatial vectors is visible in Figure 4.
- the two vectors V 0 and V 7 correspond to null vectors and are positioned at the center of the regular hexagon defined by the spatial vectors V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 .
- the inverter, 225 or 235 comprises six power switches which are controlled by the modulation means 255. Three pairs of power switches are mounted in parallel. The power switches have two states, the open state or the closed state. For activation of a power switch per pair, in open or closed state, the other power switch is controlled in the complementary state.
- the spatial vectors V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 and V 6 each correspond to a combination of activation of the six switches of different power.
- the activation sequence of the spatial vectors corresponds to an activation sequence of the power switches.
- the vector V 0 corresponds to the closing of the first switches receiving current for each pair of switches.
- the vector V 7 corresponds to the opening of the first switches receiving current for each pair of switches.
- the first inverter 225 includes each power switch 230 and the second inverter 235 comprises each power switch 240.
- a switch, 230 or 240, power may be a diode and a transistor connected in parallel.
- the switches, 230 or 240, power are MOSFET transistors (acronym for "Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor” in English terminology) or IGBT transistors (acronym for "insulated gate Bipolar Transistor” in English terminology).
- the supply means 200 to a DC power source may be an autonomous power source or a source of electricity connected to the national electricity distribution network.
- connection means 205 and 210 may be electrical conductors.
- the connection means may comprise capacitors 215 and 220 filtering the ripples of the current of a continuous bus.
- the capacitance value of the capacitors 215 and 220 depends on a ripple ratio of the DC bus current.
- the continuous bus is traversed by the electric current at the output of the supply means 200.
- the electric motor 245 is a three-phase asynchronous motor.
- the electric motor 245 has three phases pA, pB and pC.
- the inverters 225 and 235 are identical and mounted on either side with respect to the electric motor 250.
- the corresponding phases of each three-phase inverter, 225 or 235, are mounted on the same phase, pA, pB or pC of the motor electrical 250.
- the control means 255 are preferably a microcontroller generating a digital control signal during the period T s equal to a switching interval.
- the spatial vectors of the first inverter 225 and the second inverter 235 are denoted, V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 .
- the method 10 comprises, for the first inverter 225, a modulation step 13 of the spatial vectors V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 , by an activation sequence 260 of the spatial vectors V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 , having at least two switching intervals in which three adjacent spatial vectors are implemented.
- the method 10 comprises, for the second inverter 235, a modulation step 13 of the spatial vectors V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 , by an activation sequence 265 of the spatial vectors V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 , having at least two switching intervals in which three adjacent spatial vectors are implemented.
- the activation sequence 260 of the first inverter 225 comprises six switching intervals. Each switching interval is defined by a period T s .
- the period T s of each switching interval is invariant.
- the activation sequence 260 comprises the following intervals:
- the adjacent vectors implemented are the vectors V 6 , V and V 2 ,
- the adjacent vectors implemented are the vectors V 1 , V 2 and V 3 ,
- the adjacent vectors used are the vectors V 2, V 3 and V 4,
- the adjacent vectors implemented are the vectors V 3 , V 4 and V 5 ,
- the adjacent vectors implemented are the vectors V 4 , V 5 and V 6 .
- the adjacent vectors implemented are the vectors V 5 , V 6 and V 1 .
- the vector representative of the output voltage of the first inverter 225 is included in a sector of the representation 40 in FIG. 4 of the spatial vectors V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 summarized in Table 1.
- the limit angles with respect to a are illustrated in FIG. 4.
- the first and the second limiting angle with respect to a denote the sector of the hexagon formed by the vectors V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5. , V 6 , in which V ⁇ - is located for each switching interval.
- the activation sequence 265 of the second inverter 235 comprises six switching intervals. Each switching interval is defined by a period T s '.
- the period T s ' of each switching interval is invariant.
- the period T s of the switching intervals of the activation sequence 260 of the first inverter 225 is equal to the period T s ' of the switching intervals of the activation sequence 265 of the second inverter 235.
- the activation sequence 265 of the second inverter 235 has the same switching intervals as the activation sequence 260 of the first inverter 225.
- the vector representative of the voltage V s 2 at the output of the second inverter 235 is included in a sector of the representation 40 in FIG. 4 of the spatial vectors V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 , summarized in Table 1.
- a phase, pA, pB or pC, of the three-phase electric motor is kept unchanged and each other phase, pA, pB or pC, of the three-phase electric motor switches from a predetermined voltage to the opposite of said voltage.
- each inverter 225 and 235 can have one of the combinations represented.
- each point A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S represents a possible vector V m .
- the numbers next to each of the dots indicate each combination of the output vector of the inverter 225 and the output vector of the inverter 235 to obtain the vector V m at this point.
- V m can be obtained if is equal to V 1 and if is equal to V 7 .
- V m Sixty-four combinations of the spatial vectors of the inverters 225 and 235 are possible to obtain V m at points A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R or S.
- the activation sequence 260 of the first inverter 225 is identical and synchronized with the activation sequence 265 of the second inverter 235.
- ⁇ 1 is the angle between the reference vector and the abscissa of an orthonormal coordinate system
- M 1 is a real number between 0 and 1 called "modulation index”.
- the modulation index M x is expressed by the following formula:
- the method 10 comprises a step of adjusting 1 1 of at least one modulation index M x as a function of the amplitude of the fundamental of the input signal of the three-phase motor.
- each spatial vector at the output of each inverter is adjusted to be in the linear domain.
- the modulation index is between sixty-one hundredths and nine hundred and seven thousandths.
- the weighted total harmonic distortion (“weighted total distortion" acronym WTHD in English terminology) of each phase at the output of the inverter makes it possible to highlight a modulation index for which the total harmonic distortion is minimal.
- Weighted total harmonic distortion is defined by the following equation
- V n the amplitude of the odd harmonic of order n of the voltage V m at the terminals of a phase of the motor.
- the representative curve of modulated weighted total harmonic distortion shows a minimum of six thousandths when the modulation index is equal to eight hundred and eight thousandths.
- the modulation index M x is set equal to eight hundred and eight thousandths.
- the harmonic distortion is minimized and the current ripples are attenuated.
- the method 10 comprises a step of matching 12 at least one phase angle between the phases of the three-phase motor as a function of the amplitude of the fundamental of the input signal of the three-phase motor.
- phase angle of the harmonic of rank n at the output of the first inverter on the phase pA of the motor is the phase angle of the harmonic of rank n at the output of the second inverter on the phase pA.
- the amplitude of the n-order harmonics at the output of the first inverter 225 is equal to the amplitude of the n-order harmonics at the output of the second inverter 235,
- V dc a predetermined supply voltage
- the voltage depends on the modulation index M 1 and the phase angle
- the phase angle ⁇ ⁇ - ⁇ 2 is a multiple of radians.
- the amplitude of the multiple harmonics of three is zero and the weighted total harmonic distortion WTHD is considerably decreased.
- the adjustment step 1 1 is implemented if the phase angle ⁇ 1 - ⁇ 2 is set as a multiple of radians and the step
- adaptation 12 is implemented when the modulation index M 1 is set to be equal to eight hundred and eight thousandths.
- the adjustment 1 1 and adaptation 12 steps are implemented simultaneously.
- the method 10 may comprise a step 14 for supplying electric motor 245 with electrical voltage.
- the electrical voltage supplying each phase pA, pB and pC of the electric motor 245 is the result of the difference of the electric voltage represented by an output spatial vector
- the first inverter 225 and the voltage represented by a space vector at the output of the second inverter 235.
- FIG. 5 shows a particular embodiment 50 of a vehicle that is the subject of the present invention.
- the vehicle 50 can be any type of electric or hybrid vehicle, such as a car, a train or a tram, for example.
- the vehicle 50 includes an embodiment 20 of a device object of the present invention.
- the embodiment 20 of the device that is the subject of the present invention is preferably connected to DC power supply means of the vehicle 50 and to a three-phase electric motor of the vehicle 50.
- the vehicle 50 comprises control means 255 of each inverter, 225 or
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1560796A FR3043865B1 (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2015-11-12 | CURRENT CONVERSION METHOD AND DEVICE, VEHICLE COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE |
PCT/FR2016/052887 WO2017081398A1 (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2016-11-08 | Current conversion method and device, vehicle comprising such a device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3375086A1 true EP3375086A1 (en) | 2018-09-19 |
Family
ID=55411501
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16809481.1A Withdrawn EP3375086A1 (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2016-11-08 | Current conversion method and device, vehicle comprising such a device |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20180331644A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3375086A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2019506835A (en) |
FR (1) | FR3043865B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017081398A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3047857B1 (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2018-03-16 | Valeo Siemens Eautomotive France Sas | INVERTER CONTROL DEVICE, ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION COMPRISING SUCH DEVICE, INVERTER CONTROL METHOD, AND CORRESPONDING COMPUTER PROGRAM |
US11926378B2 (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2024-03-12 | Nidec Corporation | Drive controller, drive unit, and power steering |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1550045A (en) | 1967-01-11 | 1968-12-13 | ||
JP2846203B2 (en) * | 1992-12-09 | 1999-01-13 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Parallel multiple inverter device |
CN103618491B (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2017-01-11 | 中国矿业大学 | SVPWM strategy based on power supply topology of double three-level inverters |
-
2015
- 2015-11-12 FR FR1560796A patent/FR3043865B1/en active Active
-
2016
- 2016-11-08 JP JP2018544430A patent/JP2019506835A/en active Pending
- 2016-11-08 EP EP16809481.1A patent/EP3375086A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-11-08 US US15/775,821 patent/US20180331644A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-11-08 WO PCT/FR2016/052887 patent/WO2017081398A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3043865A1 (en) | 2017-05-19 |
JP2019506835A (en) | 2019-03-07 |
WO2017081398A1 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
US20180331644A1 (en) | 2018-11-15 |
FR3043865B1 (en) | 2018-09-21 |
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