EP3363920B1 - Smelting furnace for the production of hydrogen lean copper, and method for the production of hydrogen lean copper - Google Patents
Smelting furnace for the production of hydrogen lean copper, and method for the production of hydrogen lean copper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3363920B1 EP3363920B1 EP18156612.6A EP18156612A EP3363920B1 EP 3363920 B1 EP3363920 B1 EP 3363920B1 EP 18156612 A EP18156612 A EP 18156612A EP 3363920 B1 EP3363920 B1 EP 3363920B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- melt
- agitator
- purge gas
- melting furnace
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 121
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims description 112
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 110
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 37
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/006—Pyrometallurgy working up of molten copper, e.g. refining
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/22—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/22—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
- F27B3/225—Oxygen blowing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D27/00—Stirring devices for molten material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D2003/0085—Movement of the container or support of the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
- F27D2003/0087—Rotation about a vertical axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
- F27D2003/161—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge through a porous element
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
- F27D2003/167—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being a neutral gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
- F27D2003/168—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge through a lance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D27/00—Stirring devices for molten material
- F27D2027/002—Gas stirring
Definitions
- the invention relates to a melting furnace for the production of low-hydrogen copper and a method for the production of low-hydrogen copper, as well as a copper melt and a copper element.
- the US 2011/140319 A1 discloses a system for dispensing gas into molten metal which has a holding furnace for the molten metal, a first chamber with a pump on a partition and a second elevated chamber with an outlet, for example to a tundish.
- the molten metal is pumped from the first chamber into the second elevated chamber by means of the pump.
- a rotary degasser supplies gas to the molten metal via a hollow shaft via impeller blocks in order to disperse it there.
- the US 2004/007091 A1 discloses a method and apparatus for reducing the oxygen content of a copper melt, wherein one or more porous flushing plugs for supplying a Purge gas are arranged to reduce the oxygen content in the copper melt.
- the copper melt is moved by electrical heating in such a way that the copper melt rises in the middle above the porous purge plug and moves downwards on the two outer sides.
- the US 2016/040265 A1 discloses a rotary degasser for dispersing gas in a molten metal, the rotary degasser having a hollow shaft for supplying the gas through gas discharge openings at the lower end of the impeller. Because of cavities between the impeller blades, in which the gas bubbles accumulate before they are dispersed in the closed metal with the impeller, the rotary degasser can be operated at a lower rotational speed than known stirrers without cavities.
- the JP H11 92837 A discloses another arrangement for rotational degassing of copper alloys, wherein an inert gas is blown into the lower part of the copper melt by passing it through a hollow shaft of the rotor.
- the amount of gas introduced is varied according to the prior art.
- the task is to improve the state of the art.
- the object is achieved by a melting furnace for producing low-hydrogen copper from a copper melt, the melting furnace having a container with a melting space and a fumigation-side fumigation access for introducing purging gas forming purging gas bubbles into the copper melt and the fumigation access being arranged below an agitator, so that in the When the stirrer is stirred, contact the purging gas bubbles in the copper melt with the stirrer.
- the purging gas bubbles in the copper melt are brought into a swirling movement with the copper melt during stirring.
- This configuration enabled the amount of purge gas used to be significantly reduced with the required copper quality and, above all, the hydrogen content in the end product (copper part) to be significantly reduced.
- This surprising effect could be due to the effect that introduced purge gas bubbles rise in the copper melt and thereby combine with other purge gas bubbles to form larger purge gas bubbles, thereby reducing the surface area available for diffusing for the hydrogen and by stirring and thus contacting the agitator the gas bubbles are again crushed into purge gas bubbles. It could also be due to the fact that purging gas bubbles are reduced by partial detachment due to contact with the surface of the agitator, and thus the total surface area of the purging gas bubbles is increased.
- a “melting furnace” is a device in which copper starting materials are liquefied and / or liquid copper, in particular thermally, is treated in order to be able to act on the copper melt.
- copper is understood in particular to mean a metal or a metal alloy which has at least a proportion of 50% by mass of Cu. Also the metal or the copper Metal alloy refers to which have a minimum proportion of 99 mass% or even higher purity levels of Cu.
- Low hydrogen is understood to mean that the proportion of elemental and / or gaseous hydrogen (H 2 ) is reduced compared to untreated copper or untreated copper melt and the number of bubbles or correspondingly the size of the bubbles on the surface of copper parts compared to copper parts made of untreated copper is reduced.
- a "copper melt” is copper or a copper alloy with viscous properties.
- the copper or correspondingly the copper alloy has a certain viscosity in the copper melt, so that, for example, stirring by means of an agitator is possible.
- the “container” is in particular a vessel in which the copper melt is fed to a copper melt treatment.
- the container can have heating elements for maintaining or increasing a temperature of the copper melt and generally has a “melting space” inside, in which the copper melt is stored or treated accordingly.
- a "fume access on the melt side” is given in particular by the fact that purging gas bubbles can be introduced into the copper melt from the outside. This can be done, for example, by so-called purging stones, which are often arranged on the bottom of the container of the melting furnace, or also by purging gas lances, which are introduced into the copper melt from above and whose purging gas outlet is arranged near the floor.
- an impeller for introducing purge gas bubbles can basically also be understood as a melt-side fumigation access.
- purge gas nitrogen (N 2 ) or oxygen (O 2 ) or mixtures thereof can be used.
- Noble gases and other inert gases or gas mixtures can also be used. It is particularly advantageous if the purge gas is essentially oil-free and dry.
- the "purge gas" should not contain impurities such as hydrogen, moisture (water) and / or. Contain oil, otherwise it could itself become a source of hydrogen for the copper.
- the “agitator” mostly projects partially into the copper melt and, by rotating the agitator, imparts a rotation to the copper melt, as a result of which the copper melt is mixed. Both the copper melt and the purge gas bubbles are distributed in the copper melt. Thus, the hydrogen in the copper melt has sufficient opportunity to diffuse into the purge gas bubbles.
- Located below the agitator is understood in particular to mean that the flushing gas bubbles can only contact parts of the agitator after rising in the copper melt.
- Contacting means that the purge gas bubbles can form physical contact with parts of the agitator and thus with parts of the surface of the agitator.
- the agitator is designed such that purging gas bubbles are destroyed by stirring the agitator.
- the agitator has in particular a stirrer and a shaft, the stirrer being arranged or mounted on the shaft.
- the stirrer can be designed as a propeller stirrer, inclined blade stirrer, disc stirrer, swashplate stirrer, hollow blade stirrer, impeller stirrer, cross-bar stirrer, anchor stirrer, blade stirrer, grid stirrer, spiral stirrer or toothed-plate stirrer.
- the propellers disks
- the propellers disks
- the propellers disks
- the propellers disks
- the propellers can have further elements, such as tips, balls, cubes or the like.
- the disk shape can be designed to taper towards the end or to have a variable disk thickness.
- the stirrers can be selected and adapted accordingly.
- “Purging” of the purge gas bubbles means that the diameter of the purge gas bubbles is reduced, so that two or more purge gas bubbles arise in particular from one purge gas bubble.
- the melting furnace can have two, three, four or more fumigation accesses on the melt side, which are arranged below the agitator.
- the fumigation access is or is or will be the fumigation access or fumigation access by a flushing stone or several flushing stones and / or by a flushing gas lance or several flushing gas lances. This allows both the location of the introduction of the purge gas bubbles into the copper melt and the type of fumigation process to be changed.
- one of the gassing accesses or several of the gassing accesses can be arranged in a container bottom of the container.
- one side of the container bottom is in contact with the subsequent copper melt and thus forms part of the melting space.
- the low rotation speed means that the purging gas bubbles make less contact with one another and form larger purging gas bubbles, and that parts of the purging gas adhering to the agitator release parts of the purging gas as purging gas bubbles into the copper melt instead of being completely detached as a purging gas bubble.
- the agitator can be dimensioned smaller in terms of its output and / or design and that the energy consumption is reduced compared to higher rotational speeds.
- copper parts can be produced from the low-hydrogen copper melt, which have only a low hydrogen content and thus form significantly fewer or correspondingly smaller bubbles on their surface than untreated copper parts.
- the rotational speeds of the agitator can be significantly reduced compared to the normal manufacturing process, so that the agitator can be operated at a rotational speed of ⁇ 200 rpm, ⁇ 100 rpm, ⁇ 60 rpm or ⁇ 30 rpm.
- Such a process can also be used in continuous copper production processes (so-called continuous processes).
- continuous processes part of the melt is continuously removed from the copper melt and new material to be treated is added.
- the purge gas is essentially oil-free and / or dry.
- the qualities of the copper parts subsequently produced from the copper melt can thus be increased.
- O 2 , N 2 or CO can also be used as the purge gas.
- the object is achieved by a copper melt, which was produced in particular by a previously described method, the copper melt having a hydrogen content of ⁇ 1 ppm, ⁇ 0.8 ppm, ⁇ 0.5 ppm, ⁇ 0.2 ppm or ⁇ 0.1 ppm.
- a copper melt which was produced in particular by a previously described method, the copper melt having a hydrogen content of ⁇ 1 ppm, ⁇ 0.8 ppm, ⁇ 0.5 ppm, ⁇ 0.2 ppm or ⁇ 0.1 ppm.
- Such qualities could not be achieved according to the prior art.
- copper parts with less hydrogen can be produced.
- copper elements or parts can be produced which are made from a previously described copper melt and which have a hydrogen content of ⁇ 1 ppm, ⁇ 0.8 ppm, ⁇ 0.5 ppm, ⁇ 0.2 ppm or ⁇ 0.1 ppm.
- a melting furnace 101 for copper has a furnace wall 109, a melting space 103 formed by the furnace wall 109, a rotor 105 consisting of a ceramic-graphite mixture with associated propeller 107.
- a sink 113 with an associated gas access 115 is arranged in the furnace wall 109.
- the present smelter 101 is suitable for a continuous copper manufacturing process.
- copper is introduced into the melting furnace 101 via the inlet 117 and continuously discharged via the melt outlet 111.
- a copper melt (not shown) is introduced into the melting space 103.
- a part of the rotor 105 and the propeller 107 is immersed in the copper melt.
- the rotor 105 rotates at a speed of 30rpm.
- the propeller 107 mixes the copper melt and distributes the nitrogen (N 2 ) introduced via the internal flushing stone 113. As a result, nitrogen bubbles are formed in the copper melt, into which the hydrogen (H 2 ) diffuses. The nitrogen bubbles rise upwards, partially contact the propeller 107, are distributed in the copper melt by the rotating propeller 107 and leave the copper melt with the hydrogen (diffused in) inside.
- oxygen (O 2 ) is introduced into the copper melt via the gas inlet 115 of the purge 113.
- oxygen bubbles form, into which the hydrogen in the copper melt diffuses and, if necessary, is bound.
- the copper melt thus reduced by the hydrogen is then fed continuously via the melt outlet 111 to further processing into copper elements, such as copper profiles.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schmelzeofen zum Herstellen von wasserstoffarmem Kupfer und ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von wasserstoffarmem Kupfer sowie eine Kupferschmelze und ein Kupferelement.The invention relates to a melting furnace for the production of low-hydrogen copper and a method for the production of low-hydrogen copper, as well as a copper melt and a copper element.
Bei der Herstellung von Kupferteilen, wie beispielsweise Halbzeugen, verursacht ursprünglich in der Kupferschmelze befindlicher Wasserstoff Blasen an der Oberfläche der Kupferteile. Um entsprechende Qualitäten bereitzustellen, bei denen die Blasen vermindert sind oder entsprechend nicht auftreten, werden hergestellte Kupferelemente, wie beispielsweise Halbzeug, mit dem Auge nach derartigen Blasen untersucht und entsprechend aussortiert. Diese Verfahren sind sowohl zeitaufwendig als auch logistisch herausfordernd.In the production of copper parts, such as semi-finished products, hydrogen originally in the copper melt causes bubbles on the surface of the copper parts. In order to provide appropriate qualities in which the bubbles are reduced or accordingly do not occur, manufactured copper elements, such as semi-finished products, are examined with the eye for such bubbles and sorted out accordingly. These procedures are both time consuming and logistically challenging.
Allgemeine Informationen zur Behandlung von Kupferschmelzen können
Es ist bekannt, in einer Schmelze durch Einfügen von Gasblasen den Wasserstoffgehalt der Schmelze zu verringern. Dabei stehen unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten des Einbringens von Gasblasen zur Verfügung. Zum einen mittels eines Impellers, durch den das Gas geführt und durch Rotieren in die Kupferschmelze eingebracht wird, zum anderen durch Spülsteine, welche im unteren Bereich eines Kupferschmelzeofens angeordnet sind oder unter Verwendung einer Spülgaslanze, welche in die Kupferschmelze eingeführt wird und über die Gasblasen der Kupferschmelze zugeführt werden können. Besonders vorteilhaft ist, wenn die Gasblasen möglichst klein sind oder in großer Anzahl vorliegen. Dadurch kann auf die Reaktionsfläche Einfluss genommen werden, da Wasserstoff aus dem Kupfer in die einzelnen Gasblasen hineindiffundiert.It is known to reduce the hydrogen content of the melt in a melt by inserting gas bubbles. There are different ways of introducing gas bubbles. On the one hand by means of an impeller through which the gas is led and introduced into the copper melt by rotating, on the other hand by flushing stones which are arranged in the lower region of a copper melting furnace or by using a flushing gas lance which is introduced into the copper melt and via the gas bubbles of the Copper melt can be supplied. It is particularly advantageous if the gas bubbles are as small as possible or are present in large numbers. This can influence the reaction area, since hydrogen diffuses from the copper into the individual gas bubbles.
In
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Um die Qualität des hergestellten Kupfers in Bezug auf den Wasserstoffgehalt zu erhöhen, wird nach dem Stand der Technik die Menge des eingebrachten Gases variiert.In order to increase the quality of the copper produced in relation to the hydrogen content, the amount of gas introduced is varied according to the prior art.
Aufgabe ist es, den Stand der Technik zu verbessern.The task is to improve the state of the art.
Gelöst wird die Aufgabe durch einen Schmelzeofen zum Herstellen von wasserstoffarmem Kupfer aus einer Kupferschmelze, wobei der Schmelzeofen einen Behälter mit einem Schmelzeraum und einem schmelzeseitigen Begasungszugang zum Einbringen von Spülgasbläschen bildenden Spülgases in die Kupferschmelze aufweist und der Begasungszugang unterhalb eines Rührwerks angeordnet ist, sodass in der Kupferschmelze befindliche Spülgasbläschen bei einem Rühren des Rührwerks mit dem Rührwerk kontaktieren.The object is achieved by a melting furnace for producing low-hydrogen copper from a copper melt, the melting furnace having a container with a melting space and a fumigation-side fumigation access for introducing purging gas forming purging gas bubbles into the copper melt and the fumigation access being arranged below an agitator, so that in the When the stirrer is stirred, contact the purging gas bubbles in the copper melt with the stirrer.
Somit werden beim Rühren die in der Kupferschmelze befindlichen Spülgasbläschen mit der Kupferschmelze in eine wirbelnde Bewegung gebracht.Thus, the purging gas bubbles in the copper melt are brought into a swirling movement with the copper melt during stirring.
Durch diese Ausgestaltung konnte die Menge des eingesetzten Spülgases bei geforderter Kupferqualität deutlich verringert werden und vor allem der Wasserstoffgehalt im Endprodukt (Kupferteil) deutlich vermindert werden. Diese überraschende Wirkung könnte auf dem Effekt beruhen, dass eingebrachte Spülgasbläschen in der Kupferschmelze nach oben steigen und sich dabei mit anderen Spülgasbläschen zu größeren Spülgasblasen vereinigen und dadurch die zum Diffundieren für den Wasserstoff zur Verfügung stehende Oberfläche vermindert wird und durch das Rühren und somit Kontaktieren mit dem Rührwerk die Gasblasen wiederum zu Spülgasbläschen zerkleinert werden. Es könnte auch daran liegen, dass Spülgasbläschen durch Kontakt mit der Oberfläche des Rührwerks durch Teilablösungen verkleinert werden und somit die Gesamtoberfläche der Spülgasbläschen erhöht wird.This configuration enabled the amount of purge gas used to be significantly reduced with the required copper quality and, above all, the hydrogen content in the end product (copper part) to be significantly reduced. This surprising effect could be due to the effect that introduced purge gas bubbles rise in the copper melt and thereby combine with other purge gas bubbles to form larger purge gas bubbles, thereby reducing the surface area available for diffusing for the hydrogen and by stirring and thus contacting the agitator the gas bubbles are again crushed into purge gas bubbles. It could also be due to the fact that purging gas bubbles are reduced by partial detachment due to contact with the surface of the agitator, and thus the total surface area of the purging gas bubbles is increased.
Folgendes Begriffliche sei erläutert:
Ein "Schmelzeofen" ist eine Vorrichtung, in der Kupferausgangsmaterialien verflüssigt und/oder flüssiges Kupfer, insbesondere thermisch, behandelt wird, um auf die Kupferschmelze einwirken zu können. Unter dem Begriff "Kupfer" wird insbesondere ein Metall oder eine Metalllegierung verstanden, welche wenigstens einen Anteil von 50 Masse-% Cu aufweisen. Auch wird als Kupfer das Metall oder die Metalllegierung bezeichnet, welche einen Mindestanteil von 99 Masse-% oder noch höhere Reinheitsgehalte an Cu aufweisen.The following terms are explained:
A "melting furnace" is a device in which copper starting materials are liquefied and / or liquid copper, in particular thermally, is treated in order to be able to act on the copper melt. The term "copper" is understood in particular to mean a metal or a metal alloy which has at least a proportion of 50% by mass of Cu. Also the metal or the copper Metal alloy refers to which have a minimum proportion of 99 mass% or even higher purity levels of Cu.
Unter "wasserstoffarm" wird verstanden, dass der Anteil an elementaren und/oder gasförmigem Wasserstoff (H2) gegenüber unbehandeltem Kupfer oder unbehandelter Kupferschmelze verringert ist und die Anzahl der Blasen oder entsprechend die Größe der Blasen an der Oberfläche von Kupferteilen gegenüber Kupferteilen aus unbehandeltem Kupfer verringert ist.“Low hydrogen” is understood to mean that the proportion of elemental and / or gaseous hydrogen (H 2 ) is reduced compared to untreated copper or untreated copper melt and the number of bubbles or correspondingly the size of the bubbles on the surface of copper parts compared to copper parts made of untreated copper is reduced.
Eine "Kupferschmelze" ist Kupfer oder eine Kupferlegierung mit viskosen Eigenschaften. Im Gegensatz zu festem Kupfer oder festen Kupferlegierungen weist das Kupfer oder entsprechend die Kupferlegierung in der Kupferschmelze eine gewisse Viskosität auf, sodass beispielsweise ein Rühren mittels eines Rührwerks möglich ist.A "copper melt" is copper or a copper alloy with viscous properties. In contrast to solid copper or solid copper alloys, the copper or correspondingly the copper alloy has a certain viscosity in the copper melt, so that, for example, stirring by means of an agitator is possible.
Der "Behälter" ist insbesondere ein Gefäß, in welchem die Kupferschmelze einer Kupferschmelzenbehandlung zugeführt wird. Der Behälter kann dabei Heizelemente zum Aufrechterhalten oder Erhöhen einer Temperatur der Kupferschmelze aufweisen und weist im Allgemeinen im Inneren einen "Schmelzeraum" auf, in welchem die Kupferschmelze gelagert oder entsprechend behandelt wird.The "container" is in particular a vessel in which the copper melt is fed to a copper melt treatment. The container can have heating elements for maintaining or increasing a temperature of the copper melt and generally has a “melting space” inside, in which the copper melt is stored or treated accordingly.
Ein "Schmelzeseitiger Begasungszugang" ist insbesondere dadurch gegeben, dass von außen in die Kupferschmelze Spülgasbläschen einbringbar sind. Dies kann beispielsweise durch sogenannte Spülsteine erfolgen, welche häufig bodenseitig am Behälter des Schmelzeofens angeordnet sind, oder auch durch Spülgaslanzen, welche von oben in die Kupferschmelze eingeführt werden und deren Spülgasauslass bodennah angeordnet wird. Letztendlich kann grundsätzlich auch ein Impeller zum Einbringen von Spülgasbläschen als schmelzeseitiger Begasungszugang verstanden werden.A "fume access on the melt side" is given in particular by the fact that purging gas bubbles can be introduced into the copper melt from the outside. This can be done, for example, by so-called purging stones, which are often arranged on the bottom of the container of the melting furnace, or also by purging gas lances, which are introduced into the copper melt from above and whose purging gas outlet is arranged near the floor. Ultimately, an impeller for introducing purge gas bubbles can basically also be understood as a melt-side fumigation access.
Als "Spülgas" können unterschiedliche Gase eingesetzt werden. So kann beispielsweise Stickstoff (N2) oder Sauerstoff (O2) oder Mischungen daraus verwendet werden. Auch Edelgase und andere inerte Gase oder Gasmischungen können eingesetzt werden. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das Spülgas im Wesentlichen ölfrei und trocken ist. Das "Spülgas" sollte keine Verunreinigungen wie Wasserstoff, Feuchte (Wasser) u./o. Öl enthalten, da es sonst selbst zur Wasserstoffquelle für das Kupfer werden könnte.Different gases can be used as the "purge gas". For example, nitrogen (N 2 ) or oxygen (O 2 ) or mixtures thereof can be used. Noble gases and other inert gases or gas mixtures can also be used. It is particularly advantageous if the purge gas is essentially oil-free and dry. The "purge gas" should not contain impurities such as hydrogen, moisture (water) and / or. Contain oil, otherwise it could itself become a source of hydrogen for the copper.
Das "Rührwerk" ragt zumeist teilweise in die Kupferschmelze hinein und prägt mittels Rotation des Rührwerks der Kupferschmelze eine Rotation auf, wodurch ein Durchmischen der Kupferschmelze erfolgt. Dabei werden sowohl die Kupferschmelze als auch die Spülgasbläschen in der Kupferschmelze verteilt. Somit hat der in der Kupferschmelze befindliche Wasserstoff ausreichend Möglichkeit, in die Spülgasbläschen hinein zu diffundieren.The “agitator” mostly projects partially into the copper melt and, by rotating the agitator, imparts a rotation to the copper melt, as a result of which the copper melt is mixed. Both the copper melt and the purge gas bubbles are distributed in the copper melt. Thus, the hydrogen in the copper melt has sufficient opportunity to diffuse into the purge gas bubbles.
Unter "unterhalb des Rührwerks angeordnet" wird insbesondere verstanden, dass erst nach einem Aufsteigen in der Kupferschmelze die Spülgasbläschen Teile des Rührwerks kontaktieren können.“Located below the agitator” is understood in particular to mean that the flushing gas bubbles can only contact parts of the agitator after rising in the copper melt.
Das "Kontaktieren" bedeutet, dass die Spülgasbläschen mit Teilen des Rührwerkes und somit mit Teilen der Oberfläche des Rührwerkes einen physikalischen Kontakt ausbilden können."Contacting" means that the purge gas bubbles can form physical contact with parts of the agitator and thus with parts of the surface of the agitator.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des Schmelzeofens ist das Rührwerk derart ausgebildet, dass durch ein Rühren des Rührwerks Spülgasbläschen zerstoben werden.In a further embodiment of the melting furnace, the agitator is designed such that purging gas bubbles are destroyed by stirring the agitator.
Das Rührwerk weist insbesondere einen Rührer und eine Welle auf, wobei der Rührer an der Welle angeordnet oder montiert ist. Dabei kann der Rührer als Propellerrührer, Schrägblattrührer, Scheibenrührer, Taumelscheibenrührer, Hollow-Blade-Rührer, Impellerrührer, Kreuzbalkenrührer, Ankerrührer, Blattrührer, Gitterrührer, Wendelrührer oder Zahnscheibenrührer ausgestaltet sein. Bei der Verwendung eines Propellerrührers oder auch anderer Rührerausgestaltungen können die Propeller (Scheiben) weitere Elemente, wie Spitzen, Kugeln, Würfel oder dergleichen, aufweisen. Insbesondere bei einem Scheibenrührer, welcher Kreisscheiben aufweist, kann die Scheibenform zum Ende hin konisch zulaufend oder eine variable Scheibendicke aufweisend ausgestaltet sein. Je nach Auswahl des Rührers, den Temperaturen der Kupferschmelze und somit der Viskosität sowie des verwendeten Spülgases oder der Größe der Spülgasbläschen können die Rührer entsprechend ausgewählt und angepasst werden.The agitator has in particular a stirrer and a shaft, the stirrer being arranged or mounted on the shaft. The stirrer can be designed as a propeller stirrer, inclined blade stirrer, disc stirrer, swashplate stirrer, hollow blade stirrer, impeller stirrer, cross-bar stirrer, anchor stirrer, blade stirrer, grid stirrer, spiral stirrer or toothed-plate stirrer. When using a propeller stirrer or other stirrer configurations, the propellers (disks) can have further elements, such as tips, balls, cubes or the like. In particular in the case of a disk stirrer which has circular disks, the disk shape can be designed to taper towards the end or to have a variable disk thickness. Depending on the selection of the stirrer, the temperatures of the copper melt and thus the viscosity and the purge gas used or the size of the purge gas bubbles, the stirrers can be selected and adapted accordingly.
Unter einem "Zerstoben" der Spülgasbläschen wird verstanden, dass der Durchmesser der Spülgasbläschen verkleinert wird, sodass insbesondere aus einer Spülgasblase zwei oder mehr Spülgasbläschen entstehen.“Purging” of the purge gas bubbles means that the diameter of the purge gas bubbles is reduced, so that two or more purge gas bubbles arise in particular from one purge gas bubble.
Um das Vermindern des Wasserstoffanteils in der Kupferschmelze zu beschleunigen oder um die Spülgasbläschen gezielt oder entsprechend homogener in die Kupferschmelze einbringen zu können, kann der Schmelzeofen zwei, drei, vier oder mehr schmelzeseitige Begasungszugänge aufweisen, welche unterhalb des Rührwerks angeordnet sind.In order to accelerate the reduction of the hydrogen content in the copper melt or in order to be able to introduce the purging gas bubbles into the copper melt in a targeted or correspondingly more homogeneous manner, the melting furnace can have two, three, four or more fumigation accesses on the melt side, which are arranged below the agitator.
In einer Ausgestaltungsform ist der Begasungszugang oder wird oder werden der Begasungszugang oder Begasungszugänge durch einen Spülstein oder mehrere Spülsteine und/oder durch eine Spülgaslanze oder mehrere Spülgaslanzen realisiert. Hierüber kann sowohl der Ort des Einbringens der Spülgasbläschen in die Kupferschmelze eingestellt als auch die Art des Begasungsvorgehens verändert werden.In one embodiment, the fumigation access is or is or will be the fumigation access or fumigation access by a flushing stone or several flushing stones and / or by a flushing gas lance or several flushing gas lances. This allows both the location of the introduction of the purge gas bubbles into the copper melt and the type of fumigation process to be changed.
Um bereits bei der Konstruktion eines Schmelzeofens entsprechende Begasungszugänge vorzusehen, kann einer der Begasungszugänge oder können mehrere der Begasungszugänge in einem Behälterboden des Behälters angeordnet sein. Insbesondere steht dabei eine Seite des Behälterbodens mit der späteren Kupferschmelze in einem Kontakt und bildet somit einen Teil des Schmelzeraums.In order to provide appropriate gassing accesses already during the construction of a melting furnace, one of the gassing accesses or several of the gassing accesses can be arranged in a container bottom of the container. In particular, one side of the container bottom is in contact with the subsequent copper melt and thus forms part of the melting space.
Überraschenderweise hat sich weiterhin gezeigt, dass besonders gute Ergebnisse bezüglich des Gehalts an Wasserstoff von herzustellenden Kupferteilen dadurch erreicht werden, dass die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit des Rührwerks unterhalb von 30 U/min liegt.Surprisingly, it has also been shown that particularly good results with regard to the hydrogen content of copper parts to be produced are achieved by the rotational speed of the agitator being below 30 rpm.
Ein Grund dafür kann derzeit nur vermutet werden. Ein Erklärungsansatz lautet, dass durch die niedrige Rotationsgeschwindigkeit die Spülgasbläschen untereinander weniger kontaktieren und sich zu größeren Spülgasblasen zusammenfügen als auch dass teilweise an dem Rührwerk anhaftende Spülgasblasen Teile des Spülgases als Spülgasbläschen in die Kupferschmelze abgeben statt vollständig als Spülgasblase abgelöst zu werden.One reason for this can currently only be assumed. One explanatory approach is that the low rotation speed means that the purging gas bubbles make less contact with one another and form larger purging gas bubbles, and that parts of the purging gas adhering to the agitator release parts of the purging gas as purging gas bubbles into the copper melt instead of being completely detached as a purging gas bubble.
Besonders vorteilhaft bei derart niedrigen Rotationsgeschwindigkeiten ist, dass das Rührwerk in seiner Leistung und/oder Bauform geringer dimensioniert werden kann und dass der Energieverbrauch gegenüber höheren Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeiten vermindert ist.It is particularly advantageous with such low rotational speeds that the agitator can be dimensioned smaller in terms of its output and / or design and that the energy consumption is reduced compared to higher rotational speeds.
In einem weiteren Aspekt wird die Aufgabe gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von wasserstoffarmen Kupfer in einem zuvor beschriebenen Schmelzeofen, wobei im Schmelzeraum eine Kupferschmelze eingebracht ist mit folgenden Schritten
- Einbringen eines Spülgases mittels des schmelzeseitigen Begasungszugangs, sodass Spülgasbläschen in der Kupferschmelze eingebracht sind,
- Rotieren des Rührwerks, sodass teilweise die in der Kupferschmelze befindlichen Spülgasbläschen bei einem Kontakt mit dem Rührwerk zerstoben werden und
- Entnehmen der Kupferschmelze, sodass wasserstoffärmeres Kupfer vorliegt.
- Introduction of a purge gas by means of the fumigation access on the melt side, so that purge gas bubbles are introduced into the copper melt,
- Rotating the agitator so that the purging gas bubbles in the copper melt are partially destroyed upon contact with the agitator and
- Removal of the copper melt so that there is less hydrogen in the copper.
Die Definitionen der Begrifflichkeiten entsprechen den zuvor gegebenen Definitionen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist, dass Kupferteile aus der wasserstoffarmen Kupferschmelze hergestellt werden können, welche nur einen geringen Wasserstoffgehalt aufweisen und somit deutlich weniger oder entsprechend kleinere Blasen an ihrer Oberfläche ausbilden als unbehandelte Kupferteile.The definitions of the terminology correspond to the definitions given above. It is particularly advantageous that copper parts can be produced from the low-hydrogen copper melt, which have only a low hydrogen content and thus form significantly fewer or correspondingly smaller bubbles on their surface than untreated copper parts.
Insbesondere können vorliegend die Rotationsgeschwindigkeiten des Rührwerks deutlich gegenüber dem normalen Herstellungsverfahren vermindert werden, sodass das Rührwerk mit einer Rotationsgeschwindigkeit < 200 U/min, < 100 U/min, < 60 U/min oder < 30 U/min betrieben werden kann.In particular, in the present case the rotational speeds of the agitator can be significantly reduced compared to the normal manufacturing process, so that the agitator can be operated at a rotational speed of <200 rpm, <100 rpm, <60 rpm or <30 rpm.
Zudem ist ein derartiges Verfahren in kontinuierlichen Kupferherstellungsverfahren (sogenannte Durchlaufverfahren) einsetzbar. Bei derartigen kontinuierlichen Verfahren wird aus der Kupferschmelze kontinuierlich ein Teil der Schmelze abgeführt und neues zu behandelndes Material hinzugefügt.Such a process can also be used in continuous copper production processes (so-called continuous processes). In such continuous processes, part of the melt is continuously removed from the copper melt and new material to be treated is added.
In einem weiteren Aspekt ist das Spülgas im Wesentlichen ölfrei und/oder trocken. Somit können die Qualitäten der anschließend aus der Kupferschmelze hergestellten Kupferteile erhöht werden. Weiterhin können als Spülgas O2, N2 oder auch CO eingesetzt werden.In another aspect, the purge gas is essentially oil-free and / or dry. The qualities of the copper parts subsequently produced from the copper melt can thus be increased. O 2 , N 2 or CO can also be used as the purge gas.
In einem weiteren Aspekt wird die Aufgabe gelöst durch eine Kupferschmelze, welche insbesondere nach einem zuvor beschriebenen Verfahren hergestellt wurde, wobei die Kupferschmelze einen Wasserstoffanteil < 1 ppm, < 0,8 ppm, < 0,5 ppm, < 0,2 ppm oder < 0,1 ppm aufweist. Derartige Qualitäten konnten nach dem bisherigen Stand der Technik nicht erreicht werden.In a further aspect, the object is achieved by a copper melt, which was produced in particular by a previously described method, the copper melt having a hydrogen content of <1 ppm, <0.8 ppm, <0.5 ppm, <0.2 ppm or < 0.1 ppm. Such qualities could not be achieved according to the prior art.
Daraus resultiert, dass somit die Aufgabe gelöst wird, dass wasserstoffärmere Kupferteile herstellbar sind. Somit können Kupferelemente oder -teile hergestellt werden, welche aus einer zuvor beschriebenen Kupferschmelze hergestellt sind und welche einen Wasserstoffanteil < 1 ppm, < 0,8 ppm, < 0,5 ppm, < 0,2 ppm oder < 0,1 ppm aufweisen.As a result, the problem is solved that copper parts with less hydrogen can be produced. Thus, copper elements or parts can be produced which are made from a previously described copper melt and which have a hydrogen content of <1 ppm, <0.8 ppm, <0.5 ppm, <0.2 ppm or <0.1 ppm.
Im Weiteren wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt die
- Figur 1
- eine stark schematische Schnittdarstellung eines Schmelzeofens für Kupfer.
- Figure 1
- a highly schematic sectional view of a melting furnace for copper.
Ein Schmelzeofen 101 für Kupfer weist eine Ofenwand 109, ein durch die Ofenwand 109 gebildeten Schmelzeraum 103, einen aus einer Keramik-Graphit-Mischung bestehenden Rotor 105 mit zugehörigen Propeller 107 auf. Bodenseitig und somit schmelzeseitig ist in der Ofenwand 109 ein Spülstein 113 mit einem zugehörigen Gaszugang 115 angeordnet.A
Vorliegender Schmelzeofen 101 ist für ein kontinuierliches Herstellungsverfahren von Kupfer geeignet. Dabei wird über den Einlass 117 Kupfer in den Schmelzeofen 101 eingebracht und kontinuierlich über den Schmelzeauslass 111 abgeführt.The
Vorliegend sei eine Kupferschmelze (nicht dargestellt) in dem Schmelzeraum 103 eingebracht. Ein Teil des Rotors 105 sowie der Propeller 107 ist in der Kupferschmelze eingetaucht.In the present case, a copper melt (not shown) is introduced into the
Der Rotor 105 rotiert mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 30U/min. Dabei durchmischt der Propeller 107 die Kupferschmelze und verteilt den über den innenliegenden Spülstein 113 eingebrachten Stickstoff (N2). Dadurch werden in der Kupferschmelze Stickstoffbläschen gebildet, in welche der Wasserstoff (H2) diffundiert. Die Stickstoffbläschen steigen nach oben, kontaktieren teilweise den Propeller 107, werden durch den rotierenden Propeller 107 in der Kupferschmelze verteilt und verlassen mit dem innenliegenden (hineindiffundierten) Wasserstoff die Kupferschmelze.The
Alternativ oder ergänzend wird über den Gaszugang 115 des Spülsteins 113 Sauerstoff (O2) in die Kupferschmelze eingebracht. Auch hier entstehen Sauerstoffbläschen, in welche der in der Kupferschmelze befindliche Wasserstoff hineindiffundiert und ggf. gebunden wird.Alternatively or additionally, oxygen (O 2 ) is introduced into the copper melt via the
Die so um den Wasserstoff verringerte Kupferschmelze wird dann kontinuierlich über den Schmelzeauslass 111 der weiteren Verarbeitung zu Kupferelementen, wie beispielsweise Kupferprofile, zugeführt.The copper melt thus reduced by the hydrogen is then fed continuously via the
- 101101
- SchmelzeofenSmelting furnace
- 103103
- SchmelzeraumMelting room
- 105105
- Rotorrotor
- 107107
- Propellerpropeller
- 109109
- OfenwandFurnace wall
- 111111
- SchmelzeauslassMelt outlet
- 113113
- SpülsteinSink
- 115115
- GaszugangGas access
- 117117
- Einlassinlet
Claims (11)
- Melting furnace (101) for producing hydrogen-lean copper from a copper melt, the melting furnace having a container with a melting space (103) and a gas supply access (115) on the melt side for introducing purge gas bubbles which form purge gas into the copper melt, characterised in that the gas supply access is arranged below an agitator (105, 107) so that purge gas bubbles in the copper melt contact the agitator when the agitator is stirred.
- Melting furnace according to claim 1, characterised in that the agitator is designed such that purge gas bubbles are dispersed by stirring the agitator.
- Melting furnace according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the melting furnace has two, three, four or more gas supply accesses on the melt side which are arranged below the agitator.
- Melting furnace according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the gas supply access or the gas supply accesses is or are realised by a sink (113) or a plurality of sinks and/or by a purge gas lance or a plurality of purge gas lances.
- Melting furnace according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that one of the gas supply accesses or a plurality of the gas supply accesses is or are arranged in a vessel bottom of the vessel.
- Melting furnace according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the agitator is configured in such a way that a rotational speed of the agitator is less than 30 rpm.
- Method for producing hydrogen-lean copper in a melting furnace according to any of the preceding claims, wherein a copper melt is introduced into the melting space, having the following steps- introducing a purge gas by means of the gas supply access on the melt side, so that purge gas bubbles are introduced into the copper melt,- rotating the agitator so that some of the purge gas bubbles in the copper melt are dispersed upon contact with the agitator and in particular the copper melt and purge gas bubbles start to swirl and- removing the copper melt so that copper with a lower hydrogen content is provided.
- Method according to claim 7, characterised in that the agitator is operated at a rotational speed of less than 200 rpm, less than 100 rpm, less than 60 rpm or less than 30 rpm.
- Method according to any of claims 7 or 8, characterised in that the production is carried out in a continuous method, in particular a continuous flow method.
- Method according to any of claims 7 to 9, characterised in that the purge gas is oil-free and/or dry.
- Method according to any of claims 7 to 10, characterised in that the purge gas is O2, N2, or CO.
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"Continuous Casting : Proceedings of the International Conference on Continuous Casting of Non-Ferrous Metals", 26 November 2005, WILEY-VCH VERLAG GMBH & CO. KGAA, Weinheim, Germany, ISBN: 978-3-527-31341-9, article B. FRIEDRICH ET AL: "Melt Treatment of Copper and Aluminium - The Complex Step Before Casting : Proceedings of the International Conference on Continuous Casting of Non-Ferrous Metals", pages: 1 - 22, XP055483642, DOI: 10.1002/9783527607969.ch1 * |
ÅSA MARTINSSON ET AL: "Hydrogen in oxygen-free, phosphorus- doped copper: charging techniques, hydrogen contents and modelling of hydrogen diffusion and depth profile", 1 January 2013 (2013-01-01), pages 1 - 38, XP055615011, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.skb.se/publikation/2583409/TR-13-09.pdf> [retrieved on 20190823] * |
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