EP3343032A1 - Driving device for a fluid pump - Google Patents
Driving device for a fluid pump Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3343032A1 EP3343032A1 EP17210615.5A EP17210615A EP3343032A1 EP 3343032 A1 EP3343032 A1 EP 3343032A1 EP 17210615 A EP17210615 A EP 17210615A EP 3343032 A1 EP3343032 A1 EP 3343032A1
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- Prior art keywords
- speed
- fluid pump
- drive device
- drive
- frequency converter
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
- F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
- F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/20—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by changing the driving speed
Definitions
- the invention relates to a drive device for a fluid pump with a conveyor, which is designed to promote a delivery volume in each revolution, and a method for operating a fluid pump.
- the drive device comprises a drive motor for driving the conveyor at a speed.
- variable speed pumps Methods are known in which the energy efficiency of variable speed pumps is improved.
- the speed of the drive can be specified as a manipulated variable.
- the control is done on the pump itself.
- external sensors e.g. for determining the volume flow or the delivery pressure, used.
- the fluid pump may in particular be an axial piston pump or a radial piston pump.
- the fluid pump may preferably be designed as an adjustment or control pump, ie the delivery volume can be varied. Basically, however, the use of a constant displacement pump is conceivable.
- the drive device comprises a frequency converter. While conventional pump arrangements are often operated by asynchronous motors operated directly on the grid, in the present case a frequency converter is connected upstream of the drive motor.
- frequency converter is to be understood broadly and includes any type of variable-speed actuators.
- the drive device comprises a control device which is designed to determine a desired rotational speed without external sensors, that is to say without a sensor, wherein the nominal rotational speed corresponds to a rotational speed optimized to the overall efficiency of the drive device and the fluid pump.
- the overall efficiency is considered, that is from the energy supply at the entrance to the hydraulic power, e.g. Pressure and flow rate provided at the outlet.
- the pressure can preferably always be maintained. In contrast to conventional pump arrangements, the pressure is thus not adapted in particular.
- the term desired speed is to be understood broadly and includes, for example, a desired speed range.
- the setpoint speed that is to say the speed at which the overall efficiency is high and energy is thus saved, can be determined without external sensors, such as sensors for determining the volumetric flow, the delivery pressure or the swivel angle. Costs can be saved here both during manufacture and during maintenance.
- the control device then controls the pump, in particular with the specific setpoint speed. So it is effectively cut the possibility of the fluid pump in the control range to achieve high efficiency.
- the percentage energy savings is thus high, for example, in hydraulic presses or individual units.
- the desired speed can be determined only on the basis of technical data of the drive motor, the frequency converter and / or the fluid pump.
- the desired speed is stored in a memory.
- the desired speed is therefore calculated in particular exclusively on the basis of technical data or determined on the basis of a stored in a memory record. For example, measurements of the volume flow, the delivery pressure or the swivel angle are not provided for the calculation of the target speed, but in principle additionally conceivable.
- the technical data comprises the output power of the drive motor, the operating pressure of the fluid pump, the delivery volume of the fluid pump, the actual speed from the frequency converter and / or the torque from the frequency converter being regulated.
- the optimum target speed can be calculated in each case by creating a control algorithm in the control device.
- the pivot angle is almost full even in the partial load range, i. at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, swung out. This can be kept in the best possible operating point.
- the actual speed values provided by the frequency converter can be used to calculate the setpoint speed.
- the target speed is in particular proportional to the output power of the drive motor, preferably the power at the shaft, and the overall efficiency. Furthermore, the target speed is inversely proportional to the operating pressure and the delivery volume of the fluid pump per revolution.
- the speed can be automatically adjusted by the control device for each part load range.
- the speed can e.g. can be reduced in order to optimally deflect a Torkelangle or a slip ring of a fluid pump and to improve the overall efficiency.
- the drive motor is designed as a reluctance motor or as a synchronous servo motor.
- a DC, three-phase or asynchronous motor can be provided.
- a reluctance or synchronous servomotor in conjunction with a frequency converter instead of an asynchronous motor operating directly on the grid, it is possible to increase the overall efficiency at the rated operating point of up to approximately 6%, depending on the optimization of the frequency converter.
- the starting current and the reactive power required by the network are substantially reduced.
- frequency converter and axial or radial piston pump is also independently claimed protection.
- the frequency converter has the control device. While conventional fluid pumps regulate themselves, the control device is not disposed in the fluid pump. Even existing fluid pumps can be retrofitted in a simple manner, since only one frequency converter must be connected in series with a corresponding control device. Alternatively, the control device may also be designed as a separate component.
- control device is designed to determine a setpoint speed for each part-load range. The speed can thus be adjusted automatically for each part load range, whereby the best overall efficiency is achieved for the respective part load range.
- control device comprises a memory or has access to a memory in which a data record is stored.
- data set can be stored, for example, in the form of a table, a polygonal draft or a characteristic field.
- the dataset includes target speeds in Dependence of torques on the frequency converter being regulated.
- the start and the end are measured or determined empirically.
- the system can be operated with a minimum speed and an excessive speed. Interpolated between the measured or empirically determined data.
- the control device selects from the data set the torque from the frequency converter to which is regulated, and determined in the record the corresponding target speed at which the fluid pump is to be operated.
- the invention also relates to a system with a drive device according to the invention and a fluid pump.
- a drive device according to the invention
- a fluid pump On the one hand existing fluid pumps can be retrofitted with a drive device and on the other hand new complete systems can be produced.
- the fluid pump is designed as an axial piston pump or radial piston pump.
- the invention relates to a method for operating a fluid pump with a drive device according to the invention, in which without external sensors, so sensorless, a target speed is determined, the target speed corresponds to an optimized on the overall efficiency of the drive device and the fluid pump speed.
- the fluid pump is then operated at the corresponding desired speed.
- the speed can be reduced so far that the pivot angle of the fluid pump is operated at the maximum amount conveyed in the optimum tilt angle. This can be achieved for example by a fixed set speed, eg 950 revolutions per minute.
- the overall efficiency can be increased by around 9% at this operating point.
- the speed can also be adjusted automatically.
- the speed can be adjusted accordingly to automatically obtain the best overall efficiency in each partial load range.
- a control algorithm can be used. This increases the overall efficiency by around 10%.
- Fig. 1 shows a fluid pump 10, for example, a Axialkolben- or radial piston pump, and a drive motor 12, for example, a reluctance or synchronous servo motor, which drives the fluid pump 10 at a certain speed.
- a fluid pump for example, a Axialkolben- or radial piston pump
- a drive motor 12 for example, a reluctance or synchronous servo motor, which drives the fluid pump 10 at a certain speed.
- the speed at which the fluid pump 10 is controlled is basically arbitrary. This can e.g. in the range of 300 to 3,000 revolutions per minute, in particular 500 to 1,500 revolutions per minute.
- a desired rotational speed can be determined.
- the drive motor 12 may be operated at the desired speed to increase the overall efficiency ⁇ of the assembly.
- Fig. 2 the overall efficiency ⁇ is shown as a function of the volume flow V in liters per minute.
- the curve A shows the course of a conventional arrangement with an asynchronous motor, which is operated directly from the grid, ie without frequency converter 14th
- the overall efficiency ⁇ can increase by up to about 6% compared to a conventional arrangement.
- the speed can be reduced so far that the pivot angle of the fluid pump 10 is operated at the maximum amount conveyed at the optimum pivot angle. This can be achieved, for example, by a fixed set speed, e.g. 950 revolutions per minute. Already at this point, the overall efficiency ⁇ can be increased by around 9% at this operating point.
- the curves shown represent the course for different setpoint speeds.
- the curve S500 represents a target speed of 500 revolutions per minute.
- Theylontrialsrad ⁇ is significantly increased, especially at low flow rates.
- S600 corresponds to a target speed of 600 revolutions per minute, S700 a target speed of 700 revolutions per minute, S800 a target speed of 800 revolutions per minute, S900 a target speed of 900 revolutions per minute and S1000 a target speed of 1,000 revolutions per minute.
- the curve R corresponds to the profile of the overall efficiency ⁇ , wherein the target rotational speed is determined automatically by means of a control algorithm in the control device 16.
- the actual speed values provided by the frequency converter can be used to calculate the setpoint speed.
- data from external sensors are not used to determine the respective setpoint speed.
- the target speed is in particular proportional to the output power of the drive motor 12 and the overall efficiency ⁇ . Furthermore, the target speed is inversely proportional to the operating pressure and the delivery volume of the fluid pump 10 per revolution.
- the controller 16 may determine the optimum desired speed for each part load range and automatically adjust for the corresponding volume flow V.
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Antriebsvorrichtung für eine Fluidpumpe mit einem Förderwerk, das dazu ausgebildet ist, bei jeder Umdrehung ein Fördervolumen zu fördern, sowie ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Fluidpumpe. The invention relates to a drive device for a fluid pump with a conveyor, which is designed to promote a delivery volume at each revolution, and a method for operating a fluid pump.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Antriebsvorrichtung für eine Fluidpumpe mit einem Förderwerk, das dazu ausgebildet ist, bei jeder Umdrehung ein Fördervolumen zu fördern, sowie ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Fluidpumpe. Die Antriebsvorrichtung umfasst einen Antriebsmotor zum Antreiben des Förderwerks mit einer Drehzahl.The invention relates to a drive device for a fluid pump with a conveyor, which is designed to promote a delivery volume in each revolution, and a method for operating a fluid pump. The drive device comprises a drive motor for driving the conveyor at a speed.
Es sind Verfahren bekannt, bei denen die Energieeffizienz von drehzahlvariablen Pumpen verbessert wird. Dabei kann die Drehzahl des Antriebs als Stellgröße vorgegeben werden. Die Steuerung erfolgt an der Pumpe selbst. Auch werden zur Bestimmung der Drehzahl externe Sensoren, z.B. zur Ermittlung des Volumenstroms oder des Förderdrucks, herangezogen.Methods are known in which the energy efficiency of variable speed pumps is improved. The speed of the drive can be specified as a manipulated variable. The control is done on the pump itself. Also, to determine the speed, external sensors, e.g. for determining the volume flow or the delivery pressure, used.
Diese Sensoren sind in der Herstellung und der Wartung vergleichsweise kostenintensiv.These sensors are relatively expensive to manufacture and maintain.
Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Antriebsvorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art, ein System mit einer Antriebsvorrichtung und einer Fluidpumpe sowie ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Fluidpumpe dahingehend zu verbessern, dass auf einfache und kostengünstige Weise Energie eingespart wird.It is therefore an object of the invention to improve a drive device of the type mentioned, a system with a drive device and a fluid pump and a method for operating a fluid pump to the effect that energy is saved in a simple and cost-effective manner.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt durch die Antriebsvorrichtung, das System sowie das Verfahren der unabhängigen Ansprüche.The solution of this object is achieved by the drive device, the system and the method of the independent claims.
Bei der Fluidpumpe kann es sich insbesondere um eine Axialkolbenpumpe oder Radialkolbenpumpe handeln. Die Fluidpumpe kann vorzugsweise als Verstell- oder Regelpumpe ausgebildet sein, d.h. das Fördervolumen kann variiert werden. Grundsätzlich ist jedoch auch der Einsatz einer Konstantpumpe denkbar.The fluid pump may in particular be an axial piston pump or a radial piston pump. The fluid pump may preferably be designed as an adjustment or control pump, ie the delivery volume can be varied. Basically, however, the use of a constant displacement pump is conceivable.
Erfindungsgemäß umfasst die Antriebsvorrichtung einen Frequenzumrichter. Während herkömmliche Pumpenanordnungen häufig von unmittelbar am Netz betriebenen Asynchronmotoren betrieben werden, ist vorliegend ein Frequenzumrichter dem Antriebsmotor vorgeschaltet.According to the invention, the drive device comprises a frequency converter. While conventional pump arrangements are often operated by asynchronous motors operated directly on the grid, in the present case a frequency converter is connected upstream of the drive motor.
Der Begriff Frequenzumrichter ist breit zu verstehen und umfasst jede Art von drehzahlveränderlichen Stelleinheiten.The term frequency converter is to be understood broadly and includes any type of variable-speed actuators.
Die Antriebsvorrichtung umfasst eine Steuerungsvorrichtung, die dazu ausgebildet ist, ohne externe Sensoren, also sensorlos, eine Soll-Drehzahl zu bestimmen, wobei die Soll-Drehzahl einer auf den Gesamtwirkungsgrad der Antriebsvorrichtung und der Fluidpumpe optimierten Drehzahl entspricht.The drive device comprises a control device which is designed to determine a desired rotational speed without external sensors, that is to say without a sensor, wherein the nominal rotational speed corresponds to a rotational speed optimized to the overall efficiency of the drive device and the fluid pump.
Im Gegensatz zu herkömmlichen Pumpenanordnungen wird erfindungsgemäß der Gesamtwirkungsgrad betrachtet, also von der Energiezuführung am Eingang bis zur hydraulische Leistung, z.B. Druck und Fördermenge, die am Ausgang zur Verfügung gestellt wird. Der Druck kann vorzugsweise stets aufrechterhalten werden. Im Gegensatz zu herkömmlichen Pumpenanordnungen wird der Druck also insbesondere nicht angepasst.In contrast to conventional pump arrangements, according to the invention, the overall efficiency is considered, that is from the energy supply at the entrance to the hydraulic power, e.g. Pressure and flow rate provided at the outlet. The pressure can preferably always be maintained. In contrast to conventional pump arrangements, the pressure is thus not adapted in particular.
Der Begriff Soll-Drehzahl ist breit zu verstehen und umfasst beispielsweise auch einen Soll-Drehzahlbereich. Die Soll-Drehzahl, also die Drehzahl, bei der der Gesamtwirkungsgrad hoch ist und somit Energie eingespart wird, kann ohne externe Sensoren wie beispielsweise Sensoren zur Bestimmung des Volumenstroms, des Förderdrucks oder des Schwenkwinkels bestimmt werden. Kosten können hierbei sowohl bei der Herstellung als auch bei der Wartung eingespart werden.The term desired speed is to be understood broadly and includes, for example, a desired speed range. The setpoint speed, that is to say the speed at which the overall efficiency is high and energy is thus saved, can be determined without external sensors, such as sensors for determining the volumetric flow, the delivery pressure or the swivel angle. Costs can be saved here both during manufacture and during maintenance.
Die Steuerungsvorrichtung steuert die Pumpe dann insbesondere mit der bestimmten Soll-Drehzahl. Es wird also gewissermaßen die Möglichkeit der Fluidpumpe im Regelbereich beschnitten, um einen hohen Wirkungsgrad zu erzielen. Die prozentuale Energieeinsparung ist dadurch beispielsweise bei hydraulischen Pressen oder Einzelaggregaten hoch.The control device then controls the pump, in particular with the specific setpoint speed. So it is effectively cut the possibility of the fluid pump in the control range to achieve high efficiency. The percentage energy savings is thus high, for example, in hydraulic presses or individual units.
Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind auch den abhängigen Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung sowie den beigefügten Zeichnungen zu entnehmen.Further developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims, the description and the accompanying drawings.
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform ist die Soll-Drehzahl lediglich anhand von technischen Daten des Antriebsmotors, des Frequenzumrichters und/oder der Fluidpumpe bestimmbar. Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist die Soll-Drehzahl in einem Speicher hinterlegt.According to one embodiment, the desired speed can be determined only on the basis of technical data of the drive motor, the frequency converter and / or the fluid pump. Alternatively or additionally, the desired speed is stored in a memory.
Die Soll-Drehzahl wird folglich insbesondere ausschließlich anhand von technische Daten errechnet bzw. anhand eines in einem Speicher hinterlegten Datensatzes bestimmt. Beispielsweise Messungen des Volumenstroms, des Förderdrucks oder des Schwenkwinkels sind für die Berechnung der Soll-Drehzahl nicht vorgesehen, grundsätzlich jedoch zusätzlich denkbar.The desired speed is therefore calculated in particular exclusively on the basis of technical data or determined on the basis of a stored in a memory record. For example, measurements of the volume flow, the delivery pressure or the swivel angle are not provided for the calculation of the target speed, but in principle additionally conceivable.
Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform umfassen die technischen Daten die Ausgangsleistung des Antriebsmotors, den Betriebsdruck der Fluidpumpe, das Fördervolumen der Fluidpumpe, die Ist-Drehzahl aus dem Frequenzumrichter und/oder das Drehmoment aus dem Frequenzumrichter, auf das reguliert wird.According to a further embodiment, the technical data comprises the output power of the drive motor, the operating pressure of the fluid pump, the delivery volume of the fluid pump, the actual speed from the frequency converter and / or the torque from the frequency converter being regulated.
Um den besten Gesamtwirkungsgrad im jeweiligen Teillastbereich zu erhalten, kann durch Erstellen eines Steueralgorithmus in der Steuerungsvorrichtung jeweils die optimale Soll-Drehzahl errechnet werden.In order to obtain the best overall efficiency in the respective part-load range, the optimum target speed can be calculated in each case by creating a control algorithm in the control device.
Insbesondere wird hierbei der Schwenkwinkel auch im Teillastbereich annähernd voll, d.h. mindestens 80 %, vorzugsweise wenigstens 90 %, besonderes bevorzugt zumindest 95 %, ausgeschwenkt. Dadurch kann dieser im bestmöglichen Betriebspunkt gehalten werden.In particular, in this case, the pivot angle is almost full even in the partial load range, i. at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, swung out. This can be kept in the best possible operating point.
Neben den technischen Daten der Fluidpumpe, insbesondere des Betriebsdrucks, können beispielsweise auch die vom Frequenzumrichter zur Verfügung gestellten Ist-Drehzahl-Werte zur Berechnung der Soll-Drehzahl herangezogen werden.In addition to the technical data of the fluid pump, in particular the operating pressure, for example, the actual speed values provided by the frequency converter can be used to calculate the setpoint speed.
Die Soll-Drehzahl ist insbesondere proportional zur Ausgangsleistung des Antriebsmotors, vorzugsweise der Leistung an der Welle, und dem Gesamtwirkungsgrad. Ferner ist die Soll-Drehzahl umgekehrt proportional zum Betriebsdruck und dem Fördervolumen der Fluidpumpe pro Umdrehung.The target speed is in particular proportional to the output power of the drive motor, preferably the power at the shaft, and the overall efficiency. Furthermore, the target speed is inversely proportional to the operating pressure and the delivery volume of the fluid pump per revolution.
Es ergibt sich somit insbesondere folgender Berechnungsansatz:
- Soll-Drehzahl ∼ Leistung an der Welle * 600.000 * Gesamtwirkungsgrad / (Betriebsdruck * Fördervolumen der Fluidpumpe pro Umdrehung).
- Target speed ~ Power on the shaft * 600,000 * Overall efficiency / (operating pressure * pump volume of the fluid pump per revolution).
Die Drehzahl kann durch die Steuerungsvorrichtung für jeden Teillastbereich automatisch angepasst werden. So kann die Drehzahl z.B. verringert werden, um eine Torkelscheibe bzw. einen Schrägring einer Fluidpumpe optimal auszulenken und den Gesamtwirkungsgrad zu verbessern.The speed can be automatically adjusted by the control device for each part load range. Thus, the speed can e.g. can be reduced in order to optimally deflect a Torkelscheibe or a slip ring of a fluid pump and to improve the overall efficiency.
Dies führt zu einer wesentlichen Wirkungsgraderhöhung und somit zu einer wesentlichen Steigerung der Energieeffizienz des Gesamtsystems einer Hydraulikversorgung.This leads to a significant increase in efficiency and thus to a significant increase in the energy efficiency of the entire system of a hydraulic supply.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist der Antriebsmotor als Reluktanzmotor oder als Synchronservomotor ausgebildet. Grundsätzlich kann z.B. auch ein Gleichstrom-, Drehstrom- oder Asynchronmotor vorgesehen sein.According to a further embodiment, the drive motor is designed as a reluctance motor or as a synchronous servo motor. In principle, for example, a DC, three-phase or asynchronous motor can be provided.
Durch die Verwendung eines Reluktanz- bzw. Synchronservomotors in Verbindung mit einem Frequenzumrichter anstelle eines Asynchronmotors, der direkt am Netz betrieben wird, ist eine Erhöhung des Gesamtwirkungsgrades im Nennbetriebspunkt von bis etwa 6 % zu erreichen, abhängig von der Optimierung des Frequenzumrichters. Zudem werden bei einer derartigen Anordnung aus Reluktanz- bzw. Synchronservomotor, Frequenzumrichter und Axial- bzw. Radialkolbenpumpe der Anlaufstrom und die vom Netz geforderte Blindleistung wesentlich reduziert. Für ein System aus Reluktanz- bzw. Synchronservomotor, Frequenzumrichter und Axial- bzw. Radialkolbenpumpe wird auch unabhängig Schutz beansprucht.By using a reluctance or synchronous servomotor in conjunction with a frequency converter instead of an asynchronous motor operating directly on the grid, it is possible to increase the overall efficiency at the rated operating point of up to approximately 6%, depending on the optimization of the frequency converter. In addition, in such an arrangement of reluctance or synchronous servomotor, frequency converter and axial or radial piston pump, the starting current and the reactive power required by the network are substantially reduced. For a system of reluctance or synchronous servomotor, frequency converter and axial or radial piston pump is also independently claimed protection.
Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform weist der Frequenzumrichter die Steuerungsvorrichtung auf. Während sich herkömmliche Fluidpumpen selbst regeln, ist die Steuerungsvorrichtung nicht in der Fluidpumpe angeordnet. Auch bestehende Fluidpumpen können dadurch auf einfache Weise nachgerüstet werden, da lediglich ein Frequenzumrichter mit einer entsprechenden Steuerungsvorrichtung vorgeschaltet werden muss. Alternativ kann die Steuerungsvorrichtung auch als separates Bauteil ausgebildet sein.According to a further embodiment, the frequency converter has the control device. While conventional fluid pumps regulate themselves, the control device is not disposed in the fluid pump. Even existing fluid pumps can be retrofitted in a simple manner, since only one frequency converter must be connected in series with a corresponding control device. Alternatively, the control device may also be designed as a separate component.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist die Steuerungsvorrichtung dazu ausgebildet, für jeden Teillastbereich eine Soll-Drehzahl zu bestimmen. Die Drehzahl kann somit für jeden Teillastbereich automatisch angepasst werden, wodurch für den jeweiligen Teillastbereich der beste Gesamtwirkungsgrad erreicht wird.According to a further embodiment, the control device is designed to determine a setpoint speed for each part-load range. The speed can thus be adjusted automatically for each part load range, whereby the best overall efficiency is achieved for the respective part load range.
Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform umfasst die Steuerungsvorrichtung einen Speicher oder hat Zugriff auf einen Speicher, in dem ein Datensatz hinterlegt ist. Vorzugsweise kann der Datensatz z.B. in Form einer Tabelle, eines Polygonzugs oder eines Kennfelds hinterlegt sein. Der Datensatz umfasst Soll-Drehzahlen in Abhängigkeit von Drehmomenten aus dem Frequenzumrichter, auf die reguliert wird.According to a further embodiment, the control device comprises a memory or has access to a memory in which a data record is stored. Preferably, the data set can be stored, for example, in the form of a table, a polygonal draft or a characteristic field. The dataset includes target speeds in Dependence of torques on the frequency converter being regulated.
Zur Erstellung des Datensatzes können z.B. der Start und das Ende gemessen bzw. empirisch bestimmt werden. So kann die Anlage beispielsweise mit einer Mindestdrehzahl und einer überhöhten Drehzahl gefahren werden. Zwischen den gemessenen bzw. empirisch bestimmten Daten kann interpoliert werden.To create the data set, e.g. the start and the end are measured or determined empirically. For example, the system can be operated with a minimum speed and an excessive speed. Interpolated between the measured or empirically determined data.
Die Steuerungsvorrichtung wählt aus dem Datensatz das Drehmoment aus dem Frequenzumrichter, auf das reguliert wird, aus und ermittelt im Datensatz die entsprechende Soll-Drehzahl, mit der die Fluidpumpe betrieben werden soll.The control device selects from the data set the torque from the frequency converter to which is regulated, and determined in the record the corresponding target speed at which the fluid pump is to be operated.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein System mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Antriebsvorrichtung und einer Fluidpumpe. Es können einerseits bestehende Fluidpumpen mit einer Antriebsvorrichtung nachgerüstet und andererseits neue Gesamtsysteme hergestellt werden.The invention also relates to a system with a drive device according to the invention and a fluid pump. On the one hand existing fluid pumps can be retrofitted with a drive device and on the other hand new complete systems can be produced.
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform ist die Fluidpumpe als Axialkolbenpumpe oder Radialkolbenpumpe ausgebildet.According to one embodiment, the fluid pump is designed as an axial piston pump or radial piston pump.
Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Fluidpumpe mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Antriebsvorrichtung, bei dem ohne externe Sensoren, also sensorlos, eine Soll-Drehzahl bestimmt wird, wobei die Soll-Drehzahl einer auf den Gesamtwirkungsgrad der Antriebsvorrichtung und der Fluidpumpe optimierten Drehzahl entspricht.Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating a fluid pump with a drive device according to the invention, in which without external sensors, so sensorless, a target speed is determined, the target speed corresponds to an optimized on the overall efficiency of the drive device and the fluid pump speed.
Insbesondere wird die Fluidpumpe dann mit der entsprechenden Soll-Drehzahl betrieben. So kann im Teillastbereich der Fluidpumpe durch Ermitteln des Lastprofils die Drehzahl soweit verringert werden, dass der Schwenkwinkel der Fluidpumpe bei maximal geförderter Menge im optimalen Schwenkwinkel betrieben wird. Dies kann beispielsweise durch eine fest eingestellte Soll-Drehzahl erreicht werden, z.B. 950 Umdrehungen pro Minute. Bereits dadurch lässt sich in diesem Betriebspunkt der Gesamtwirkungsgrad um rund 9 % erhöhen.In particular, the fluid pump is then operated at the corresponding desired speed. Thus, in the partial load range of the fluid pump by determining the load profile, the speed can be reduced so far that the pivot angle of the fluid pump is operated at the maximum amount conveyed in the optimum tilt angle. This can be achieved for example by a fixed set speed, eg 950 revolutions per minute. Already at this point, the overall efficiency can be increased by around 9% at this operating point.
Neben dieser manuellen Verringerung der Drehzahl kann die Drehzahl auch automatisiert angepasst werden. So kann die Drehzahl entsprechend angepasst werden, um im jeweiligen Teillastbereich automatisch den besten Gesamtwirkungsgrad zu erhalten. Dabei kann auf einen Steuerungsalgorithmus zurückgegriffen werden. Steigerungen des Gesamtwirkungsgrads um rund 10 % sind dadurch möglich.In addition to this manual reduction of the speed, the speed can also be adjusted automatically. Thus, the speed can be adjusted accordingly to automatically obtain the best overall efficiency in each partial load range. In this case, a control algorithm can be used. This increases the overall efficiency by around 10%.
Alle hier beschriebenen Ausführungsformen der Vorrichtung sowie des Systems sind insbesondere dazu ausgebildet, nach dem hier beschriebenen Verfahren betrieben zu werden. Ferner können alle hier beschriebenen Ausführungsformen der Vorrichtung bzw. des Systems sowie alle hier beschriebenen Ausführungsformen des Verfahrens jeweils miteinander kombiniert werden, insbesondere auch losgelöst von der konkreten Ausgestaltung, in deren Zusammenhang sie erwähnt werden.All embodiments of the device and of the system described here are in particular designed to be operated according to the method described here. Furthermore, all embodiments of the device or of the system described here, as well as all embodiments of the method described here, can each be combined with one another, in particular also detached from the specific embodiment in connection with which they are mentioned.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden beispielhaft unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Systems,
- Fig. 2
- den Wirkungsgradverlauf in Abhängigkeit vom Volumenstrom bei einem erfindungsgemäßen System,
- Fig. 3
- den Wirkungsgradverlauf in Abhängigkeit vom Volumenstrom bei einem erfindungsgemäßen System bei optimierter, manueller Drehzahlanpassung, und
- Fig. 4
- den Wirkungsgradverlauf in Abhängigkeit vom Volumenstrom bei einem erfindungsgemäßen System bei optimierter, automatisierter Drehzahlanpassung.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic representation of an embodiment of a system according to the invention,
- Fig. 2
- the efficiency curve as a function of the volume flow in a system according to the invention,
- Fig. 3
- the efficiency curve as a function of the volume flow a system according to the invention with optimized, manual speed adjustment, and
- Fig. 4
- the efficiency curve as a function of the volume flow in a system according to the invention with optimized, automated speed adjustment.
Zunächst ist zu bemerken, dass die dargestellten Ausführungsformen rein beispielhafter Natur sind. Die Merkmale einer Ausführungsform können auch beliebig mit Merkmalen einer anderen Ausführungsform kombiniert werden.First, it should be noted that the illustrated embodiments are merely exemplary in nature. The features of one embodiment may also be arbitrarily combined with features of another embodiment.
Die Drehzahl, mit der die Fluidpumpe 10 gesteuert wird, ist grundsätzlich beliebig. Diese kann z.B. im Bereich von 300 bis 3.000 Umdrehungen pro Minute, insbesondere 500 bis 1.500 Umdrehungen pro Minute, liegen.The speed at which the
Über einen Frequenzumrichter 14, welcher eine Steuerungsvorrichtung 16 umfasst, kann eine Soll-Drehzahl bestimmt werden. Der Antriebsmotor 12 kann mit der Soll-Drehzahl betrieben werden, um einen Gesamtwirkungsgrad η der Anordnung zu erhöhen.Via a
In
Der höchste Wirkungsgrad η stellt sich hierbei erst bei relativ hohen Volumenströmen von etwa 95 % ihres Nennvolumens ein. Fluidpumpen 10 werden jedoch meist mit Volumenströmen zwischen etwa 20 und 80 % ihres Nennvolumens betrieben.The highest efficiency η sets itself here only at relatively high volume flows of about 95% of its nominal volume. However, fluid pumps 10 are usually operated with volumetric flows between about 20 and 80% of their nominal volume.
Durch die Verwendung einer Anordnung mit einer Axialkolben- bzw. Radialkolbenpumpe 10, einem Reluktanz- oder Synchronservomotor 12 sowie einem Frequenzumrichter 14 kann je nach Optimierung des Frequenzumrichters 14 eine erhebliche Steigerung des Gesamtwirkungsgrads η erreicht werden, wie durch die Kurve S ersichtlich ist. Auch im normalen Betriebsbereich mit Volumenströmen zwischen etwa 20 und 80 % ihres Nennvolumens ist eine deutliche Erhöhung des Gesamtwirkungsgrads η ersichtlich.By using an arrangement with an axial piston or
Der Gesamtwirkungsgrads η kann sich im Vergleich zu einer herkömmlichen Anordnung um bis ca. 6 % erhöhen.The overall efficiency η can increase by up to about 6% compared to a conventional arrangement.
In
Im Teillastbereich der Fluidpumpe 10 kann durch Ermitteln des Lastprofils die Drehzahl soweit verringert werden, dass der Schwenkwinkel der Fluidpumpe 10 bei maximal geförderter Menge im optimalen Schwenkwinkel betrieben wird. Dies kann beispielsweise durch eine fest eingestellte Soll-Drehzahl erreicht werden, z.B. 950 Umdrehungen pro Minute. Bereits dadurch lässt sich in diesem Betriebspunkt der Gesamtwirkungsgrad η um rund 9 % erhöhen.In the partial load range of the
Die dargestellten Kurven geben den Verlauf für verschiedene Soll-Drehzahlen wieder. So repräsentiert die Kurve S500 eine Soll-Drehzahl von 500 Umdrehungen pro Minute. Der Gesamtwirkungsrad η wird dabei gerade bei niedrigen Volumenströmen deutlich erhöht. S600 entspricht einer Soll-Drehzahl von 600 Umdrehungen pro Minute, S700 einer Soll-Drehzahl von 700 Umdrehungen pro Minute, S800 einer Soll-Drehzahl von 800 Umdrehungen pro Minute, S900 einer Soll-Drehzahl von 900 Umdrehungen pro Minute und S1000 einer Soll-Drehzahl von 1.000 Umdrehungen pro Minute.The curves shown represent the course for different setpoint speeds. Thus, the curve S500 represents a target speed of 500 revolutions per minute. The Gesamttwirkungsrad η is significantly increased, especially at low flow rates. S600 corresponds to a target speed of 600 revolutions per minute, S700 a target speed of 700 revolutions per minute, S800 a target speed of 800 revolutions per minute, S900 a target speed of 900 revolutions per minute and S1000 a target speed of 1,000 revolutions per minute.
Je höher die Soll-Drehzahl, desto weiter nach rechts, also in Richtung höherer Volumenströme V, verschiebt sich der maximale Gesamtwirkungsgrad η.The higher the setpoint speed, the further to the right, that is to say in the direction of higher volume flows V, the maximum overall efficiency η shifts.
In
Die Kurve R entspricht dem Verlauf des Gesamtwirkungsgrads η, wobei die Soll-Drehzahl automatisch mithilfe eines Steuerungs- bzw. Regelalgorithmus in der Steuerungsvorrichtung 16 bestimmt wird.The curve R corresponds to the profile of the overall efficiency η, wherein the target rotational speed is determined automatically by means of a control algorithm in the
Neben den technischen Daten der Fluidpumpe, insbesondere des Betriebsdrucks, können beispielsweise auch die vom Frequenzumrichter zur Verfügung gestellten Ist-Drehzahl-Werte zur Berechnung der Soll-Drehzahl herangezogen werden. Daten aus externen Sensoren werden hingegen nicht verwendet, um die jeweilige Soll-Drehzahl zu bestimmen.In addition to the technical data of the fluid pump, in particular the operating pressure, for example, the actual speed values provided by the frequency converter can be used to calculate the setpoint speed. By contrast, data from external sensors are not used to determine the respective setpoint speed.
Die Soll-Drehzahl ist insbesondere proportional zur Ausgangsleistung des Antriebsmotors12 und dem Gesamtwirkungsgrad η. Ferner ist die Soll-Drehzahl umgekehrt proportional zum Betriebsdruck und dem Fördervolumen der Fluidpumpe 10 pro Umdrehung.The target speed is in particular proportional to the output power of the
Soll-Drehzahl ∼ Leistung an der Welle * 600.000 * Gesamtwirkungsgrad / (Betriebsdruck * Fördervolumen der Fluidpumpe pro Umdrehung) kann die Steuerungsvorrichtung 16 für jeden Teillastbereich die optimale Soll-Drehzahl bestimmen und für den entsprechenden Volumenstrom V automatisch anpassen.Target Speed ~ Power on the Shaft * 600,000 * Overall Efficiency / (Operating Pressure * Flow Rate of the Fluid Pump per Revolution), the
Dies führt im gesamten Teillastbereich zu einer erheblichen Verbesserung des Gesamtwirkungsgrad η. So sind Steigerungen von etwa 10 % erreichbar.This leads to a considerable improvement in the overall efficiency η in the entire partial load range. Thus, increases of about 10% can be achieved.
- 1010
- Fluidpumpe, Axialkolbenpumpe, RadialkolbenpumpeFluid pump, axial piston pump, radial piston pump
- 1212
- Antriebsmotor, Reluktanzmotor, SynchronservomotorDrive motor, reluctance motor, synchronous servo motor
- 1414
- Frequenzumrichterfrequency converter
- 1616
- Steuerungsvorrichtungcontrol device
- ηη
- GesamtwirkungsgradOverall efficiency
- VV
- Volumenstromflow
- AA
- Verlauf bei Asynchronmotor ohne FrequenzumrichterCourse with asynchronous motor without frequency converter
- SS
- Verlauf bei Synchronservomotor mit FrequenzumrichterCourse with synchronous servo motor with frequency converter
- S500S500
- Verlauf bei Soll-Drehzahl von 500 Umdrehungen pro MinuteCourse at nominal speed of 500 revolutions per minute
- S600S600
- Verlauf bei Soll-Drehzahl von 600 Umdrehungen pro MinuteCourse at target speed of 600 revolutions per minute
- S700S700
- Verlauf bei Soll-Drehzahl von 700 Umdrehungen pro MinuteCourse at target speed of 700 revolutions per minute
- S800S800
- Verlauf bei Soll-Drehzahl von 800 Umdrehungen pro MinuteCourse at nominal speed of 800 revolutions per minute
- S900S900
- Verlauf bei Soll-Drehzahl von 900 Umdrehungen pro MinuteCourse at nominal speed of 900 revolutions per minute
- S1000S1000
- Verlauf bei Soll-Drehzahl von 1000 Umdrehungen pro MinuteCourse at target speed of 1000 revolutions per minute
- RR
- Verlauf bei automatisierter Anpassung der Soll-DrehzahlCourse with automatic adjustment of the setpoint speed
Claims (10)
einen Frequenzumrichter (14), und
eine Steuerungsvorrichtung (16), die dazu ausgebildet ist, ohne externe Sensoren eine Soll-Drehzahl zu bestimmen, wobei die Soll-Drehzahl einer auf den Gesamtwirkungsgrad der Antriebsvorrichtung und der Fluidpumpe (10) optimierten Drehzahl entspricht.Drive device for a fluid pump (10), in particular axial piston pump or radial piston pump, with a conveyor, which is designed to convey a delivery volume at each revolution, comprising a drive motor (12) for driving the conveyor at a speed,
a frequency converter (14), and
a control device (16) which is designed to determine a setpoint speed without external sensors, the setpoint speed corresponding to a speed optimized for the overall efficiency of the drive device and the fluid pump (10).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Soll-Drehzahl lediglich anhand von technischen Daten des Antriebsmotors (12), des Frequenzumrichters (14) und/oder der Fluidpumpe (10) bestimmbar und/oder in einem Speicher hinterlegt ist.Drive device according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the target rotational speed is stored only be determined and / or based on technical data of the drive motor (12), the drive (14) and / or fluid pump (10) in a memory.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die technischen Daten die Ausgangsleistung des Antriebsmotors (12), den Betriebsdruck der Fluidpumpe (10), das Fördervolumen der Fluidpumpe (10), die Ist-Drehzahl aus dem Frequenzumrichter (14) und/oder das Drehmoment aus dem Frequenzumrichter (14), auf das reguliert wird, umfassen.Drive device according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the technical data, the output power of the drive motor (12), the operating pressure of the fluid pump (10), the delivery volume of the fluid pump (10), the actual rotational speed from the frequency converter (14) and / or the torque of the drive (14), which is regulated.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Antriebsmotor (12) als Reluktanzmotor oder als Synchronservomotor ausgebildet ist.Drive device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the drive motor (12) is constructed as a reluctance motor or a synchronous servo motor.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Frequenzumrichter (14) die Steuerungsvorrichtung (16) aufweist.Drive device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the frequency converter (14), the control device (16).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Steuerungsvorrichtung (16) dazu ausgebildet ist, für jeden Teillastbereich eine Soll-Drehzahl zu bestimmen.Drive device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that the control device (16) is designed to determine a setpoint speed for each part-load range.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Steuerungsvorrichtung (16) einen Speicher umfasst oder Zugriff auf einen Speicher hat, in dem ein Datensatz, insbesondere Polygonzug, hinterlegt ist, welcher Soll-Drehzahlen in Abhängigkeit von Drehmomenten aus dem Frequenzumrichter (14), auf die reguliert wird, umfasst.Drive device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that the control device (16) comprises a memory or has access to a memory in which a data set, in particular a traverse, is stored, which setpoint rotational speeds in dependence on torques from the regulated frequency converter (14) is regulated.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Fluidpumpe (10) als Axialkolbenpumpe oder Radialkolbenpumpe ausgebildet ist.System according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the fluid pump (10) is designed as an axial piston pump or radial piston pump.
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DE102016125837.7A DE102016125837A1 (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Drive device for a fluid pump |
Publications (2)
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EP3343032A1 true EP3343032A1 (en) | 2018-07-04 |
EP3343032B1 EP3343032B1 (en) | 2020-04-01 |
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19630384A1 (en) * | 1996-07-29 | 1998-04-23 | Becker Kg Gebr | Process for controlling or regulating an aggregate and frequency converter |
DE102011050017A1 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-10-31 | Allweiler Gmbh | Control means for driving a frequency converter and driving method |
DE102012016780A1 (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2013-12-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for operating rotation speed-variable flow pump that is utilized in e.g. machine tool, involves driving conveyor by drive rotating at rotating speed, and providing large and small volumes during full load- and partial load operations |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101033748B (en) * | 2006-03-08 | 2013-07-24 | Itt制造企业公司 | Method for determining pump flow without the use of traditional sensors |
DE102014004336A1 (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2015-10-01 | Wilo Se | Method for determining the hydraulic operating point of a pump unit |
-
2016
- 2016-12-29 DE DE102016125837.7A patent/DE102016125837A1/en active Pending
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2017
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19630384A1 (en) * | 1996-07-29 | 1998-04-23 | Becker Kg Gebr | Process for controlling or regulating an aggregate and frequency converter |
DE102011050017A1 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-10-31 | Allweiler Gmbh | Control means for driving a frequency converter and driving method |
DE102012016780A1 (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2013-12-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for operating rotation speed-variable flow pump that is utilized in e.g. machine tool, involves driving conveyor by drive rotating at rotating speed, and providing large and small volumes during full load- and partial load operations |
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