EP3334450A1 - Combination composition comprising fgf-18 compound - Google Patents
Combination composition comprising fgf-18 compoundInfo
- Publication number
- EP3334450A1 EP3334450A1 EP16753882.6A EP16753882A EP3334450A1 EP 3334450 A1 EP3334450 A1 EP 3334450A1 EP 16753882 A EP16753882 A EP 16753882A EP 3334450 A1 EP3334450 A1 EP 3334450A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fgf
- compound
- inhibitor
- active ingredient
- sprifermin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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Classifications
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- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/18—Growth factors; Growth regulators
- A61K38/1825—Fibroblast growth factor [FGF]
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/43—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/46—Hydrolases (3)
- A61K38/48—Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
- A61K38/4886—Metalloendopeptidases (3.4.24), e.g. collagenase
- A61K38/4893—Botulinum neurotoxin (3.4.24.69)
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- A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
- A61K39/39533—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals
- A61K39/39541—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals against normal tissues, cells
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
- A61K39/39533—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals
- A61K39/3955—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals against proteinaceous materials, e.g. enzymes, hormones, lymphokines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- C07K16/2866—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against receptors for cytokines, lymphokines, interferons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2300/00—Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of an FGF-18 compound in combination with a further active ingredient selected from the group consisting of an inhibitor of IL-6, an inhibitor of IL-6 receptor, an inhibitor of NGF or a botulinum toxin compound.
- Said composition can be used for the treatment of a cartilage disorder such as osteoarthritis or cartilage injury.
- Cartilage is composed of chondrocytes (cells derived from mesenchymal cells) which are dispersed in the matrix (a firm, gel-like ground substance).
- the cartilaginous matrix is produced by these cells and comprises mainly Type II collagen fibres (except fibrocartilage which also contains type I collagen fibres), proteoglycans, and elastin fibres.
- Cartilage is found among other places in the joints, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, in the throat, in the trachea and in the intervertebral disks.
- Articular cartilage for instance, is a hyaline cartilage, having viscoelastic properties, covering the articular surfaces of bones.
- the main purpose of articular cartilage is to provide smooth surfaces in order to ensure nearly frictionless movement of articulating bones.
- Cartilage disorders broadly refer to diseases characterized by degeneration / disintegration of cartilage and abnormalities in the connective tissues which are manifested by inflammation, pain, stiffness and limitation of motion of the affected body parts. These disorders can be due to a pathology or can be the result of trauma or injury. Mature cartilage has very limited ability to self-repair, notably because mature chondrocytes have little potential for proliferation because of the limited supply with nutrients due to the absence of blood vessels in cartilage. Replacement of damaged cartilage, in particular articular cartilage, caused either by injury or disease is a major challenge for physicians, and available surgical treatment procedures are considered unpredictable and effective for only a limited time in younger patients without osteoarthritic changes.
- the majority of patients either do not seek treatment or are counselled to postpone treatment for as long as possible.
- the standard procedure is age dependent and varies between total or partly joint replacement, transplantation of pieces of cartilage or chondrocytes or marrow stimulating technique (such as microfracture).
- Microfracture is a cheap and common procedure that involves penetration of the subchondral bone to stimulate cartilage deposition by bone marrow derived stem cells.
- this technique does not repair sufficiently the chondral defect and the new cartilage formed is mainly fibrocartilage, resulting in a short-lived repair tissue.
- fibrocartilage does not have the same biomechanical properties as hyaline articular cartilage and lacks often proper lateral integration into the surrounding cartilage. For this reason, the newly synthesized fibrocartilage may breakdown more easily (expected time frame: 5-10 years). For patients with osteoarthritis all these cartilage repair techniques fail.
- the remaining non-surgical treatment consists notably of physical therapy, lifestyle modification (e.g. body weight reduction), supportive devices, oral drugs (e.g. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) and injection of drugs(e.g. hyaluronic acid and corticoids, and food supplementation. All these treatments are unable to stop OA disease progression.
- Tibial or femoral osteotomies cutting the bone to rebalance joint wear
- Total joint replacement can provide relief for the symptom of advanced osteoarthritis, but generally requires a significant change in a patient's lifestyle and/or activity level.
- Interleukin 6 (IL-6) or lnterleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) are possible target to treat pain in osteoarthritis patient. It was indeed shown, in WO2005080429 for instance, that hind paw weight distribution (i.e. incapacitance test) was decreased when an IL-6 antibody was injected in the right arthritic knee of a mouse OA model, underlining the effect of an anti-IL-6 antibody on pain.
- Botulinum Toxin Type A has also been described in the context of pain linked to OA. There are more and more evidences to support its role in pain modulation (Boon et al., 2010). Pilot studies in humans have suggested efficacy in several different painful conditions, including pain related to spinal cord injury. Some preliminary data have been obtained for shoulder OA pain, with intra-articular injection of BoNT-A (Singh et al., 2009).
- Anti-NGF compound is another category of compounds being described in the context of pain linked to OA.
- Tanezumab, Fasinumab or yet Fulranumab are being developed for treating pain in OA patients, and are all currently in phases ll/lll clinical trials for arthritis and/or chronic pain, based on promising results in phases I or II clinical trials (Sanga et al., 2013; Tiseo et al., 2014).
- Fibroblast Growth factor 18 is a member of the Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) family of proteins, closely related to FGF-8 and FGF-17. It has been shown that FGF-18 is a proliferative agent for chondrocytes and osteoblasts (Ellsworth et al., 2002; Shimoaka et al., 2002). FGF-18 has been proposed for the treatment of cartilage disorder such as osteoarthritis and cartilage injury either alone (WO2008023063) or in combination with hyaluronic acid (WO2004032849).
- cartilage disorder such as osteoarthritis and cartilage injury either alone (WO2008023063) or in combination with hyaluronic acid (WO2004032849).
- the FGF-18 in combination with the further active ingredient can be used in the treatment of a cartilage disorder.
- Said cartilage disorder is for instance osteoarthritis or cartilage injury.
- the present invention further provides a composition comprising a combination of at least two active ingredients, wherein one of the active ingredients is an FGF-18 compound and wherein the at least one other active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of an inhibitor of IL-6, an inhibitor of IL-6 receptor, an inhibitor of NGF or a botulinum toxin compound.
- the composition of the at least two active ingredients is for use in the treatment of a cartilage disorder.
- Said cartilage disorder is for instance osteoarthritis or cartilage injury.
- an FGF-18 compound for use in the treatment of a cartilage disorder, in combination with at least one further active ingredient, wherein said at least one further active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of an inhibitor of IL-6, an inhibitor of IL-6 receptor, an inhibitor of NGF or a botulinum toxin compound.
- Said cartilage disorder is for instance osteoarthritis or cartilage injury.
- kits comprising an FGF-18 compound together with instructions for simultaneous or sequential use with at least one further active ingredient, wherein said at least one further active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of an inhibitor of IL-6, an inhibitor of IL-6 receptor, an inhibitor of NGF or a botulinum toxin compound.
- kits comprising an FGF-18 compound and at least one further active ingredient, wherein said further active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of an inhibitor of IL-6, an inhibitor of IL-6 receptor, an inhibitor of NGF or a botulinum toxin compound, together with instructions for use.
- the FGF-18 compound and the at least one further active ingredient can be part of pharmaceutical formulations.
- the FGF-18 compound and at least one further active ingredient are part of a same pharmaceutical formulation or are each part of separate pharmaceutical formulations
- Said pharmaceutical formulations may further comprise at least one excipient.
- FGF-18 compound or "FGF-18", as used herein, is intended to be a protein maintaining at least one biological activity of the human FGF-18 protein (i.e. Fibroblast Growth Factor 18).
- FGF- 18 may be native, in its mature form, a recombinant form or a truncated form thereof.
- Biological activities of the human FGF-18 protein include notably the increase in chondrocyte or osteoblast proliferation (see W09816644) or in cartilage formation (see WO2008023063).
- Native, or wild-type, human FGF-18 is a protein expressed by chondrocytes of articular cartilage. Human FGF-18 was first designated zFGF-5 and is fully described in W09816644.
- SEQ ID NO:1 corresponds to the amino acid sequence of the native human FGF-18, with a signal peptide consisting of amino acid residues 1 (Met) to 27(Ala).
- the mature form of human FGF-18 corresponds to the amino acid sequence from residue 28(Glu) to residue 207(Ala) of SEQ ID NO: 1 (180 amino acids).
- FGF-18 in the present invention, may be produced by recombinant method, such as taught by the application WO2006063362.
- FGF-18 in the present invention is expressed in a recombinant host cell with a starting Methionine (Met) residue or with a signal sequence for secretion.
- Met Methionine
- FGF-18 When expressed in prokaryotic host, such as in E. coli, FGF-18 contains an additional Met residue in N-terminal of its sequence.
- the amino acid sequence of human FGF-18 when expressed in E.coli, starts with a Met residue in N-term (position 1 ) followed by residues 28 (Glu) to residue 207 (Ala) of SEQ ID NO: 1 .
- truncated form of FGF-18 refers to a protein which comprises or consists of residues 28(Glu) to 196(Lys) of SEQ ID NO: 1.
- the truncated form of FGF-18 protein is the polypeptide designated "trFGF-18" (170 amino acids; also known as rhFGF-18 or sprifermin), which starts with a Met residue (in N-terminal) followed by amino acid residues 28 (Glu) -196 (Lys) of the wild-type human FGF-18.
- trFGF-18 is a recombinant truncated form of human FGF-18, produced in E.coli (see WO2006063362). trFGF-18 has been shown to display similar activities as the mature human FGF- 18, e.g. it increases chondrocyte proliferation and cartilage deposition leading to repair and reconstruction for a variety of cartilaginous tissues (see WO2008023063).
- inhibitor of IL-6 refers to a compound that is able to inhibit the activity of IL-6 (i.e. Interleukin 6), either partly or completely.
- the preferred "inhibitor of IL-6” according to this invention is an antibody, or fragments thereof, as well as a nanobody.
- Such a compound is for instance, but not limited to, siltuximab (See SEQ ID Nos. 4-5) or PMP6B6 (See SEQ ID No. 6).
- Dazakinumab, clazakizumab, Sirukumab, Olokizumab or OP-R003 are other examples of known IL-6 inhibitors (specific sequences not known).
- inhibitor of IL-6 receptor refers to a compound that is able to inhibit the activity of IL-6 receptor (i.e. Interleukin 6 Receptor), either partly or completely.
- IL-6 receptor i.e. Interleukin 6 Receptor
- inhibitors of IL-6 receptor is an antibody, or fragments thereof, as well as a nanobody.
- a compound is for instance, but not limited to, tocilizumab (See SEQ ID Nos. 7-8).
- SA-237 or ALX-0061 are other examples of known IL-6 receptor inhibitors (specific sequences not known).
- inhibitor of NGF refers to a compound that is able to inhibit the activity of NGF (i.e. Nerve Growth Factor), either partly or completely.
- the preferred “inhibitors of NGF” according to this invention is an antibody, or fragments thereof, as well as a nanobody.
- Such a compound is for instance, but not limited to, Tanezumab (See SEQ ID Nos. 9-10), Fasinumab (See SEQ ID Nos. 1 1-12), Fulranumab (See SEQ ID Nos. 13-14).
- ANA-02, ABT-1 10, ALD-906 or MEDI- 578 are other examples of known NGF receptor inhibitors (specific sequences not known).
- botulinum toxin compound refers to a neurotoxic protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum and related species.
- the preferred "botulinum toxin compound” to be used according to this invention is the botulinum toxin type A (also known as BoNT-A or BoNT/A; see SEQ ID No. 3).
- BoNT-A also known as BoNT-A or BoNT/A; see SEQ ID No. 3
- Such compounds are for instance the compounds known by as abobotulinumtoxinA, OnabotulinumtoxinA, incobotulinumtoxinA.
- treatment cycle corresponds to the period wherein an FGF-18 compound in combination with at least one further active ingredient.
- one cycle can consist of 3 injections of an FGF-18 compound in combination with at least one further active ingredient, once per week.
- Such a “treatment cycle” can be repeated.
- a second “treatment cycle” can be performed 3, 4, 5 or 6 months after the last injection of the previous cycle.
- a second cycle can also be performed 1 year or 2 years after the first injection in the first cycle.
- cartilage disorder encompasses disorders resulting from damages due to injury, such as traumatic injury, chondropathy or arthritis.
- cartilage disorders that may be treated by the administration of the FGF-18 formulation described herein include but are not restricted to arthritis, such as osteoarthritis, and cartilage injury.
- Degenerative diseases/disorders of the cartilage or of the joint such as chondrocalcinosis, polychondritis, relapsing polychondritis, ankylosing spondylitis or costochondritis are also encompassed by this wording.
- the International Cartilage Repair Society has proposed an arthroscopic grading system to assess the severity of the cartilage defect: grade 0: (normal) healthy cartilage, grade 1 : the cartilage has a soft spot or blisters, grade 2: minor tears visible in the cartilage, grade 3: lesions have deep crevices (more than 50% of cartilage layer) and grade 4: the cartilage tear exposes the underlying (subchronal) bone, (see ICRS publication: http://www.cartilage.org/ files/contentmanagement/ICRS evaluation.pdf, page 13).
- osteoarthritis encompasses disorders such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, infectious arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, Still's disease (onset of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis) or osteochondritis dissecan. It preferably includes diseases or disorders in which ones the cartilage is damaged.
- Ostoarthritis is used to intend the most common form of arthritis.
- the term “osteoarthritis” encompasses both primary osteoarthritis and secondary osteoarthritis (see for instance The Merck
- Osteoarthritis may be caused by the breakdown of cartilage. Bits of cartilage may break off and cause pain and swelling in the joint between bones. Over time, the cartilage may wear away entirely, and the bones will rub together. Osteoarthritis can affect any joint but usually concerns hands, shoulders and weight-bearing joints such as hips, knees, feet, and spine. In a preferred example, the osteoarthritis may be knee osteoarthritis or hip osteoarthritis. This wording encompasses notably the forms of osteoarthritis which are classified as stage 1 to stage 4 or grade 1 to grade 6 according to the OARSI classification system.
- Osteoarthritis is one of the preferred cartilage disorders that can be treated by administering the FGF-18 compounds according to the present invention.
- cartilage injury is a cartilage disorder or cartilage damage resulting notably from a trauma. Cartilage injuries can occur notably after traumatic mechanical destruction, notably further to an accident or surgery (for instance microfracture surgery). This term “cartilage injury” also includes chondral or osteochondral fracture and damage to meniscus. Also considered within this definition is sport-related injury or sport- related wear of tissues of the joint. The term also includes microdamage or blunt trauma, a chondral fracture, an osteochondral fracture or damage to meniscus.
- compositions of and uses according to the present invention at least maintain the activities of sprifermin. Indeed, it was found that in overall 1 ) the effects of an FGF- 18 compound are not impacted by an inhibitor of IL-6, an inhibitor of IL-6 receptor, an inhibitor of NGF or a botulinum toxin compound when administered according to the compositions and uses disclosed herein and 2) that an FGF-18 compound does not affect the effect of an inhibitor of IL-6, an inhibitor of IL-6 receptor, an inhibitor of NGF or a botulinum toxin compound when administered according to the compositions and uses disclosed herein. This finding was not expected because of the high molecular weight of each compound of the combination.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that it will allow to decrease pain/improve function, while at least maintaining the efficacy of FGF-18 for the treatment of cartilage disorder.
- the present invention provides the use of FGF-18 compound in combination with at least one further active ingredient (herein indifferently alternatively called “additional active ingredient” or “other active ingredient”), wherein said at least one further active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of an inhibitor of IL-6, an inhibitor of IL-6 receptor, an inhibitor of NGF or a botulinum toxin compound.
- additional active ingredient or “other active ingredient”
- the FGF-18 in combination with the at least one further active ingredient are for use in the treatment of a cartilage disorder.
- Said cartilage disorder is for instance osteoarthritis or cartilage injury.
- the FGF-18 compound in combination with the at least one further active ingredient are administered intra-articularly.
- the FGF-18 compound is administered intra-articularly and the at least one further active ingredient is administered intravenously or subcutaneously.
- the FGF-18 compound can be administered in combination with the at least one further active ingredient, either simultaneously (co-administration), or sequentially (in any order). Should the FGF- 18 compound and the at least one further active ingredient being administered sequentially, said sequential administration will be preferably done during the same visit to the doctor.
- an FGF-18 compound for use in the treatment of a cartilage disorder.in combination with at least one further active ingredient, wherein said at least one further active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of an inhibitor of IL-6, an inhibitor of IL-6 receptor, an inhibitor of NGF or a botulinum toxin compound.
- Said cartilage disorder is for instance osteoarthritis or cartilage injury.
- the FGF-18 compound in combination with the further active ingredient are preferably administered intra-articularly.
- the FGF-18 compound is administered intra-articularly and the at least further active ingredient is administered intravenously or subcutaneously.
- the FGF-18 compound can be administered in combination with the at least one further active ingredient, either simultaneously (co-administration), or sequentially (in any order). Should the compounds being administered sequentially, said sequential administration will be preferably done during the same visit to the doctor.
- the present invention further provides a composition comprising a combination of at least two active ingredients, wherein one of the active ingredients is an FGF-18 compound and wherein the at least one other active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of an inhibitor of IL-6, an inhibitor of IL-6 receptor, an inhibitor of NGF or a botulinum toxin compound.
- the composition of the at least two active ingredients is for use in the treatment of a cartilage disorder.
- Said cartilage disorder is for instance osteoarthritis or cartilage injury.
- composition of the at least two active ingredients is administered intra-articularly.
- the composition comprising a combination of the at least two active ingredients further comprises at least one excipient.
- the at least one excipient is for instance a buffer, a surfactant, a salt, an antioxidant, a isotonicity agent, a bulking agent, a stabilizer or any combination thereof.
- kits comprising an FGF-18 compound together with instructions for simultaneous or sequential use (in any order) in combination with at least one further active ingredient, wherein said at least one further active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of an inhibitor of IL-6, an inhibitor of IL-6 receptor, an inhibitor of NGF or a botulinum toxin compound.
- the FGF-18 compound and the at least one further active ingredient can each be part of a separate pharmaceutical formulation.
- each pharmaceutical formulation can further comprise at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipients or the like.
- kits comprising an FGF-18 compound and at least one other active ingredient, wherein said at least one other active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of an inhibitor of IL-6, an inhibitor of IL-6 receptor, an inhibitor of NGF or a botulinum toxin compound, together with instructions for use.
- the FGF-18 compound and the other active ingredient can be part of the same pharmaceutical formulation or each part of a separate pharmaceutical formulation.
- Said pharmaceutical formulation(s) can further comprise at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipients or the like.
- the FGF-18 compound of the invention as a whole is preferably selected from the group consisting of a) a polypeptide comprising or consisting of the human FGF-18 mature form comprising residues 28- 207 of SEQ ID NO:1 , or b) a polypeptide comprising or consisting of FGF-18(170AA)(SEQ ID NO.2). Particularly, this compound is selected from human wildtype mature FGF-18 or trFGF-18. Said compound increases cartilage deposition and allows cartilage repair.
- the FGF-18 compound is preferably administered intra-articularly at a dose of 3-600 micrograms ⁇ g or meg), preferably 3-300 ⁇ g, or preferably 10-200 ⁇ g, or more preferably 30-150 ⁇ g, or even more preferably 30-120 ⁇ g per single administration.
- the treatment comprises administration at a dose of or of about 3, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 90, 100, 120, 150, 180, 200, 240 or 300 ⁇ g per single intraarticular administration of the FGF-18 compound.
- Preferred doses include 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240 or 300 ⁇ g per single intra-articular administration of the FGF-18 compound.
- the dose of the FGF-18 compound to be administered will be different should the patient to be treated be a human or a non-human mammal.
- the dose will be preferably 5-fold less important than for human.
- the human dose be range from 30 to 120 ⁇ g per single intra-articular administration
- the dose for a dog could be ranged from 5 to 20 ⁇ g per single intra-articular administration.
- the IL-6 inhibitor is preferably an antibody against IL-6 (alternatively named anti-IL-6 antibody) or a nanobody targeting IL-6 (alternatively named anti-IL- 6 nanobody). Examples of such inhibitors are found in the definitions section.
- Said IL-6 inhibitor can be administered at a dose of 0.001 - 1000 milligrams (mg), preferably 0.1-500 mg, or more preferably
- the treatment comprises administration at a dose of about 0.01 , 0.02, 0.03, 0.1 , 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1 , 1.5, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 150, 200, 250 or 300 mg per single administration of the IL-6 inhibitor.
- the known dosing regimen for a given drug can be used. It should be understood that the dose of IL- 6 inhibitor will be different should the patient to be treated be a human or a non-human mammal. For instance, for dogs, the dose will be preferably 6-fold less important than for human. As an example, should the human dose of IL-6 inhibitor be 2 mg per single administration, the dose for a dog could be about 0.35 mg per single administration.
- the doctor will adapt the dosing regimen for the IL-6 inhibitor case by case, depending on the patient.
- the IL-6 receptor inhibitor is preferably an antibody against IL-6 receptor (alternatively named anti-IL-6R antibody) or a nanobody targeting IL-6 receptor (alternatively named anti-IL-6R nanobody). Examples of such inhibitors are found in the definitions section.
- Said IL-6 receptor inhibitor can be administered at a dose of 0.001 - 500 milligrams (mg), preferably 0.1-250 mg, or more preferably 0.5-200 mg per single administration.
- the treatment comprises administration at a dose of about 0.01 , 0.03, 0.1 , 0.25, 0.3, 0.5,
- the known dosing regimen for a given drug can be used.
- Tocilizumab for instance is approved in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis at a dosing of 4 mg per kilogram, when administered intravenously, or at 162 mg, when administered subcutaneously.
- the dose of IL-6R inhibitor will be different should the patient to be treated be a human or a non-human mammal. For instance, for dogs, the dose will be preferably 6-fold less important than for human.
- the human dose of IL-6R inhibitor be 150 mg per single administration
- the dose for a dog could be 25 mg per single administration.
- the doctor will adapt the dosing regimen for the IL-6R inhibitor case by case, depending on the patient.
- the NGF inhibitor is preferably an antibody against NGF (alternatively named anti-NGF antibody) or a nanobody targeting NGF (alternatively named anti- NGF nanobody). Examples of such inhibitors are found in the definitions section.
- Said NGF inhibitor can be administered at a dose of 0.01 - 250 milligrams (mg), preferably 0.1-100 mg, or more preferably 0.5-75 mg per single administration.
- the treatment comprises administration at a dose of about 0.03, 0.1 , 0.25, 0.3, 0.5, 1 , 1.5, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 or 150 mg per single administration of the NGF inhibitor.
- the known dosing regimen for a given drug can be used.
- the dose of NGF inhibitor will be different should the patient to be treated be a human or a non-human mammal. For instance, for dogs, the dose will be preferably 6-fold less important than for human. As an example, should the human dose of NGF inhibitor be 10 mg per single administration, the dose for a dog could be about 1.5 mg per single administration. The doctor will adapt the dosing regimen for the NGF inhibitor case by case, depending on the patient.
- the botulinum toxin compound preferably the botulinum toxin type A (see definition section) can be administered at a dose of 0.1 - 1000 Units (U), preferably 0.2-500 U, or more preferably 0.5-300 U per single administration.
- the treatment comprises administration at a dose of about 0.3, 0.5, 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 50, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 250 or 300 U per single administration of the botulinum toxin compound.
- the known dosing regimen for a given drug can be used.
- the dose of botulinum toxin compound will be different should the patient to be treated be a human or a non-human mammal. For instance, for dogs, the dose will be preferably 6-fold less important than for human. As an example, should the human dose of botulinum toxin compound be 100 U per single administration, the dose for a dog could be about 15 U per single intra-articular administration. The doctor will adapt the dosing regimen for the botulinum toxin compound case by case, depending on the patient.
- the FGF-18 compound and the at least one further active ingredient are part of pharmaceutical formulations.
- the FGF-18 compounds and/or the at least one other active ingredient may be formulated as pharmaceutical composition(s), i.e. together with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipients or the like.
- pharmaceutically acceptable is meant to encompass any carrier, excipients or the like, which does not interfere with effectiveness of the biological activity of the active ingredient and that is not toxic to the patient to which it is administered.
- the at least one excipient is for instance selected from the group consisting of a buffer, a surfactant, a salt, an antioxidant, a isotonicity agent, a bulking agent, a stabilizer or any combination thereof.
- the active protein(s) may be formulated in a unit dosage form for injection in vehicles such as saline, dextrose solution, serum albumin and Ringer's solution.
- vehicles such as saline, dextrose solution, serum albumin and Ringer's solution.
- Formulations for intraarticular application will comply with most of the requirements that also apply to other injection formulations, i.e., they need to be sterile and compatible with the physiological conditions at the application site (e.g., knee joint, synovial fluid).
- the excipients used for intraarticular injection may also be present in other injection formulations, e.g., for intravenous or subcutaneous application.
- Such formulations of FGF-18 compounds and/or at least one further active ingredient, including at least one further pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipients or the like, are also useful in the context of the present invention.
- the FGF-18 compound in combination with the at least one other active ingredient will be useful for treating cartilage disorders, such as osteoarthritis or cartilage injury.
- cartilage disorders such as osteoarthritis or cartilage injury.
- it can be used for treating articular cartilage defects in synovial joints that are, for instance, due to superficial fibrillation (early osteoarthritis), cartilage degeneration due to osteoarthritis, and chondral or osteochondral defects due to injury or disease.
- FGF-18 compounds in combination with the at least one further active ingredient may also be used for treating joint disease caused by osteochondritis dissecans and degenerative joint diseases.
- FGF-18 compounds in combination with the at least one other active ingredient will be useful for autogenous or allogenic cartilage expansion and transfer for reconstruction of extensive tissue defects.
- FGF-18 compositions can be used to repair cartilage damage in conjunction with lavage of the joint, stimulation of bone marrow, abrasion arthroplasty, subchondral drilling, or microfracture of the subchondral bone.
- the cartilage disorder to be treated according to the invention is osteoarthritis, such as knee osteoarthritis or hip osteoarthritis.
- the osteoarthritis to be treated can be, for example, and not limited to, primary osteoarthritis or secondary osteoarthritis, as well as osteoarthritis which is classified as stage 1 to stage 4 or grade 1 to grade 6 according to the OARSI classification system.
- the cartilage disorder to be treated according to the invention is cartilage injury with and without surgical interventions as microfractures. Additionally, after the growth of cartilage due to the administration of the FGF-18 compound in combination with the at least a further active ingredient, a surgical treatment may be necessary to suitably contour the newly formed cartilage surface.
- the treatment comprises peri-synovial administration, intra-synovial administration, peri-articular administration or intra-articular administration of the FGF-18 compound, either alone or together with the at least one other active ingredient.
- FGF-18 compounds can be applied, either alone or together with the at least one other active ingredient, by direct injection into the synovial fluid of the joint or directly into the defect, either alone or complexed with a suitable carrier for extended release of protein (e.g. sustained-release formulations) or restricted local release. Should the at least one other active ingredient not being administered according to the same administration mode as the FGF-18 compound, it can be administered intravenously or subcutaneously.
- the intraarticular administration is done in a joint selected from joint of the hip, knee, elbow, wrist, ankle, spine, feet, finger, toe, hand, shoulder, ribs, shoulder blades, thighs, shins, heels and along the bony points of the spine.
- the intraarticular administration is done in a the joint of the hip or the knee.
- the FGF-18 compound in combination with the at least one further active ingredient can be administered for at least one treatment cycle.
- a treatment cycle can consist, as an example, of three injections of an FGF-18 compound in combination with at least one further active ingredient, once per week.
- Such a treatment cycle can be repeated.
- a second treatment cycle can be performed 3, 4, 5 or 6 months after the last injection of the previous cycle.
- a second cycle can also be performed 1 year or 2 years after the first injection in the first cycle.
- FIG. 1 BaF3/FGFR3 cells were cultured 48h with CNT0328 or PMP6B6 and with Sprifermin (squares) or without Sprifermin (circles).
- CTR+ is the O.D. obtained with cells cultured with Sprifermin only and CTR- with cells cultured without Sprifermin.
- Cells cultured with CNT0328 or PMP6B6 and Sprifermin were compared to CTR+ while cells cultured without Sprifermin were compared with CTR- .
- Symbols represent the average +/- SEM.
- " * means "different" with p ⁇ 0.05
- Figure 2 Human chondrocytes cultured seven days in presence of CNT0328 or PMP6B6 in presence (squares) or in absence (circles) of Sprifermin. The cell density and the GAG production were evaluated. Symbols represent the average +/- SEM. " * " means “different” with p ⁇ 0.05 from the same CNT0328 or PMP6B6 concentration but without FGF-18. “#” means “different” with p ⁇ 0.05 from the control without CNT0328 or PMP6B6 (0 ng/mL).
- Figure 3 Human chondrocytes cultured seven days in presence of CNT0328 or PMP6B6 in presence (squares) or in absence (circles) of Sprifermin. The expression of Collagen type I, II, Sox9 were evaluated. Symbols represent the average +/- SEM. -. " * " means different with p ⁇ 0.05 from the same CNT0328 or PMP6B6 concentration but without FGF-18. "#” means different with p ⁇ 0.05 from the control without CNT0328 or PMP6B6 (0 ng/mL).
- FIG. 4 BaF3/FGFR3 cells were cultured 48h with Actemra and with Sprifermin (squares) or without Sprifermin (circles).
- CTR+ is the O.D. obtained with cells cultured with Sprifermin 100 ng/mL only and CTR- with cells cultured without Sprifermin.
- Cells cultured with Actemra and Sprifermin were compared to CTR+ while cells cultured without Sprifermin were compared with CTR-.
- Symbols represent the average +/- SEM. " * " means different with p ⁇ 0.05.
- Figure 5 Human chondrocytes cultured seven days in presence of Actemra in presence (squares) or in absence (circles) of Sprifermin.
- FIG. 7 BaF3/FGFR3 cells were cultured 48h with Tanezumab and with Sprifermin (squares) or without Sprifermin (circles).
- CTR+ is the O.D. obtained with cells cultured with Sprifermin 100 ng/mL only. Cells cultured with Tanezumab and Sprifermin were compared to CTR+. Symbols represent the average +/- SEM. " * " means different with p ⁇ 0.05.
- FIG. 8 BaF3/FGFR3 cells were cultured 48h with Xeomin® and with (square) Sprifermin or without (circles) Sprifermin.
- CTR+ is the O.D. obtained with cells cultured with Sprifermin only and CTR- with cells cultured without any compound.
- Cells cultured with Xeomin® and Sprifermin were compared to CTR+ while cells cultured without Sprifermin were compared with CTR-.
- " * means different with p ⁇ 0.01.
- Figure 9 Bovine chondrocytes cultured seven days in presence of Xeomin® in presence (squares) or in absence (circles) of Sprifermin. The cell density and the GAG production were evaluated. Cells cultured with Xeomin® were compared to their respective controls (0 mU/mL Xeomin, with or without Sprifermin). Symbols represent the mean +/- SEM. " * " means different with p ⁇ 0.01.
- Figure 10 Bovine chondrocytes cultured seven days in presence of Xeomin® in presence (squares) or in absence (circles) of Sprifermin. The expression of Collagen type I, II, Sox9 and aggrecan were evaluated Cells cultured with Xeomin® were compared to their respective controls (0 mU/mL Xeomin, with or without Sprifermin). Symbols represent the mean +/- SEM. " * " means different with p ⁇ 0.01.
- SEQ ID N0.1 Amino acid sequence of the native human FGF-18.
- SEQ ID NO.2 Amino acid sequence of the recombinant truncated FGF-18 (trFGF-18).
- SEQ ID NO.3 Amino acid sequence of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A (Xeomin®)
- SEQ ID NO.4 Amino acid sequence of heavy chain of CNT0328 (siltuximab)
- SEQ ID NO.5 Amino acid sequence of light chain of CNT0328 (siltuximab)
- SEQ ID NO.6 Amino acid sequence of PMP6B6
- SEQ ID NO.7 Amino acid sequence of heavy chain of tocilizumab (Actemra®)
- SEQ ID NO.8 Amino acid sequence of light chain of tocilizumab (Actemra®)
- SEQ ID NO.9 Amino acid sequence of heavy chain of tanezumab
- SEQ ID NO.10 Amino acid sequence of light chain of tanezumab I
- SEQ ID N0.11 Amino acid sequence of heavy chain of Fasinumab
- SEQ ID NO.12 Amino acid sequence of light chain of Fasinumab
- SEQ ID N0.13 Amino acid sequence of heavy chain of Fulranumab
- SEQ ID N0.14 Amino acid sequence of light chain of Fulranumab
- FGF-18 compound The recombinant truncated FGF-18 (trFGF-18) of the present examples has been prepared by expression in E.coli, according to the technique described in the application WO2006063362. In the following examples, trFGF-18 and FGF-18 are used interchangeably. It was formulated in 7 rtiM Na2HP04, 1 rtiM KH2P04, 2.7 rtiM KCI, pH 7.3.
- Botulinum toxin compound The Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A of the present examples is Xeomin® (Merz, Frankfurt, Germany). It was formulated in 4,7 mg/mL Sucrose, 1 mg/mL HAS.
- IL-6 inhibitors The IL-6 inhibitors of the present examples are:
- - CNT0328 (Siltuximab) is an anti-IL-6 antibody. It was formulated in PBS.
- PMP6B6 is a nanobody targeting IL-6. It was formulated in BMM2.
- the IL-6 receptor inhibitor of the present examples is tocilizumab (Actemra®).
- NGF inhibitor the NGF inhibitor of the present examples is tanezumab.
- BaF3/FGFR3c bioassay The day before the assay starts, 1 x10 7 cells were seeded in 20 mL of assay medium in a 75 cm 2 flask for 24 hours at 37°C, 5% CO2 for a IL-3 starvation step. At the day of the assay 20 000 cells/well were seeded in a 96 well plate in 50 ⁇ of assay medium containing either CNT0328 at 0.1 , 1 , 10, 100, 1 000 and 10 000 ng/mL or PMP6B6 at 0.001 , 0.01 , 0.1 , 1 , 10 and 100 ng/mL and containing Sprifermin 100 ng/mL or not.
- the dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB) assay was used to quantify glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in the culture media harvested after seven days of culture. 50 ⁇ _ of the samples were mixed with 200 ⁇ _ of DMMB reagent (16mg/ml_ DMMB in ethanol, formic acid and nitrogen formate) in a 96 well plates. The absorbance at 525 nm was read and compared to that of chondroitin sulfate C standards (Sigma Aldrich). The GAG concentration ⁇ g/mL) was divided by the cell concentration (million cells/mL) to normalize the GAG production in ⁇ g/million cells)
- Human chondrocytes - Gene expression ( Figure 3): in human OA chondrocytes cultured in monolayer, Sprifermin down-regulated Collagen I expression (from 0.12 to 0.025) while increasing Sox9 expression (from 0.00060 to 0.0018) and had no effect on Collagen II expression. Both CNT0328 and PMP6B6 were found to increase Collagen type II expression in a dose-dependent way. With CNT0328 1 000 ng/mL Collagen type II expression was increased by 2.5 fold in absence of Sprifermin and surprisingly by 2.9 fold in presence of Sprifermin. In presence of PMP6B6 100 ng/mL, Collagen II expression increased by 1 .6 and more surprisingly by 2.6 fold in absence or presence of Sprifermin respectively.
- CNT0328 and PMP6B6 increased Sox9 expression but only in presence of Sprifermin.
- the expression was surprisingly increased by 3.85 and 2.5 fold in presence of CNT0328 (100-1000 ng/mL or PMP6B6 (10-100 ng/mL) respectively for chondrocytes cultured with Sprifermin.
- Collagen I expression was mostly unchanged by CNT0328 and PMP6B6 in presence of Sprifermin, compared to Sprifermin alone. In absence of Sprifermin however and with increasing concentrations of CNT0328 and PMP6B6, Collagen I expression decreased.
- anti-IL-6 antibodies or fragments thereof do not interfere with FGF-18.
- Inhibitors of IL-6 also showed a clear, dose-dependent anabolic effect on human OA chondrocytes, in particular when combined with FGF-18.
- the combinations of FGF-18 with IL-6 inhibitors have a synergistic effect on Sox9 expression, which is known to be required for cartilage formation and for expression of chondrocyte-specific genes. This surprising effect could be due to a reduction of the inflammatory environment by the anti-IL-6 compounds, thus potentiating the FGF-18 effect on Sox9 expression.
- IL-6 inhibitors are able to increase the anabolic effect of FGF-18.
- BaF3/FGFR3c bioassay The same method and conditions as the one described in example 1 were used. At the day of the assay 20 000 cells/well were seeded in a 96 well plate in 50 ⁇ of assay medium containing tocilizumab (from Roche) at 0.001 , 0.01 , 0.1 , 1 , 10 or 100 ⁇ g/mL and containing Sprifermin 100 ng/mL or not.
- tocilizumab from Roche
- BaF/FGFR3 cell assay ( Figure 4): Tocilizumab had no effect on cell proliferation and did not interfere with Sprifermin. In the absence of Sprifermin, the increasing concentrations of tocilizumab did not influence the cell proliferation and the O.D. remained low. The BaF3/FGFR3 cell proliferation increased in presence of Sprifermin, resulting in an O.D. increasing from about 0.10 (CTR-) to about 0.5 (CTR+). In the presence of Sprifermin, tocilizumab did not show any clear trend. Some small fluctuations of the O.D. were observed but it stayed in the range of the O.D. observed with Sprifermin alone.
- Tocilizumab does not interfere with the bioactivity of Sprifermin. Tocilizumab did not negatively impact the effect of Sprifermin and showed some positive effects in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes: it dose dependently increased GAG production and decreased Collagen I expression. In addition, it increased by a factor 2 Collagen type II expression in chondrocytes cultured in presence of Sprifermin. Although the effect of IL-6R inhibitors on Sox9 expression is unclear, in overall, IL-6 inhibitors seem to be able to increase the anabolic effect of FGF-18.
- Example 3 - combination of FGF-18 and an inhibitor ofNGF
- Tanezumab had no effect on cell proliferation and did not interfere with Sprifermin.
- the increasing concentrations of tocilizumab did not influence the cell proliferation and the O.D. remained null.
- the BaF3/FGFR3 cell proliferation increased in presence of Sprifermin, resulting in an O.D. increasing from about 0 (CTR-) to about 0.15 (CTR+).
- CTR- CCR-
- CTR+ CTR+
- Example 4 combination of FGF-18 and a botulinum toxin compound
- Bovine chondrocytes - Proliferation and GAG production (figure 9): As expected, Sprifermin increased chondrocyte proliferation, resulting at the end of the culture in a higher cell concentration (0.78 million cells/well in absence of Sprifermin and 1.04 million cells/well in presence of Sprifermin). This effect was maintained in presence of Xeomin® from 1 to 1 000 mU/mL. Similarly, no effect of Xeomin® on proliferation could be observed in absence of Sprifermin. The GAG production was decreased from 9.6 to 7.2 ⁇ g/million cells when cells were cultured in continuous presence of Sprifermin. Both in absence or presence of Sprifermin, Xeomin® from 1 to 1 000 mU/ml was found to have no effect on GAG production.
- Bovine chondrocytes - Gene expression (figure 10): As expected, Sprifermin in continuous presence down-regulated Collagen I expression (from 0.9 to 0.05) while increasing Sox9 expression (from 7.8 x 10 "5 to 5.1 x 10 "4 ) and aggrecan expression (from 0.1 1 to 0.3). Sprifermin had also a small effect on Collagen II expression which decreased from 0.031 to 0.018 in presence of Sprifermin. In absence or presence of Sprifermin, Xeomin® from 1 to 1000 mU/mL did not influence Collagen I, II, Sox9 and aggrecan expression. Conclusions:
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