EP3332405A1 - Systems and methods for interactively presenting a visible portion of a rendering surface on a user device - Google Patents
Systems and methods for interactively presenting a visible portion of a rendering surface on a user deviceInfo
- Publication number
- EP3332405A1 EP3332405A1 EP16751450.4A EP16751450A EP3332405A1 EP 3332405 A1 EP3332405 A1 EP 3332405A1 EP 16751450 A EP16751450 A EP 16751450A EP 3332405 A1 EP3332405 A1 EP 3332405A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rendering surface
- electronic document
- content
- rendering
- virtual rendering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
- G09G5/34—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators for rolling or scrolling
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
- G06F40/10—Text processing
- G06F40/103—Formatting, i.e. changing of presentation of documents
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
- G09G5/36—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of a graphic pattern, e.g. using an all-points-addressable [APA] memory
- G09G5/39—Control of the bit-mapped memory
- G09G5/393—Arrangements for updating the contents of the bit-mapped memory
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2360/00—Aspects of the architecture of display systems
- G09G2360/12—Frame memory handling
- G09G2360/121—Frame memory handling using a cache memory
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2360/00—Aspects of the architecture of display systems
- G09G2360/12—Frame memory handling
- G09G2360/122—Tiling
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2370/00—Aspects of data communication
- G09G2370/02—Networking aspects
- G09G2370/027—Arrangements and methods specific for the display of internet documents
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2380/00—Specific applications
- G09G2380/14—Electronic books and readers
Definitions
- this disclosure relates to managing electronic documents on a remote storage system, in particular, to systems and methods for interactively presenting a visible portion of a rendering surface on a user device.
- a remote storage system can store various electronic documents at a remote location accessible via a network connection by a user device.
- a user can operate a user device to access an electronic document from the remote storage system, and thus can view the electronic document from a user interface at the user device.
- the user device receives the content of the electronic document, and presents the content on a user interface for the user to view.
- the rendering process for electronic documents can be different on different user device platforms, such as a personal computer operating system, a mobile operating system, and/or the like.
- Programming modules and/or objects for the rendering process can be duplicated on different platforms, and any changes to the rendering module may need to be integrated for all different platforms.
- different platforms can have different parameters to layout an electronic document according to the size of the user device screen, the same electronic document can be rendered differently on each of the different platforms.
- an image within an electronic document can be presented or rendered on page 5 of the document on a desktop; but the same image within the same electronic document can be presented or rendered on page 20 of the document on a mobile phone, because the mobile phone may have a smaller rendering screen and the same document may be rendered to have more pages on the mobile phone than on a desktop computer.
- the mobile phone may have a smaller rendering screen and the same document may be rendered to have more pages on the mobile phone than on a desktop computer.
- a user can change the settings within an electronic document, such as the font style, background color, and/or the like.
- the document may be re-rendered in its entirety on a rendering surface as an updated document.
- the electronic document includes graphical content such as an image
- the image content may need more time to load from the remote storage system. Latency can be experienced by a user when the user tries to access the electronic document when the user device waits to obtain image content from the remote storage server.
- Systems and methods disclosed herein provide a method of consistently presenting a visible portion of a rendering surface on multiple user devices.
- the method includes obtaining, at a user device from a remote storage server, content relating to an electronic document stored on the remote storage server, and then determining layout parameters of the content.
- the layout parameters define a consistent layout on a virtual rendering surface for the content of the electronic document across multiple user devices having different dimensions of display areas.
- the method further includes obtaining, via a user interface at the user device, a user indication indicative of a visible portion of the electronic document to be displayed via the user interface.
- the method further includes determining rendering parameters to render the visible portion at the user interface, and rendering the visible portion via the user interface on the user device.
- a method of managing a state of a virtual rendering surface for an electronic document may be obtained at a user device from a remote storage server, and the content of the electronic document may then be rendered onto a first virtual rendering surface.
- a second virtual rendering surface that stores a current state of the first virtual rendering surface may be maintained.
- An operation command relating to the electronic document may then be obtained and first state information of the first virtual rendering surface and second state information of the second virtual rendering surface may be retrieved.
- the operation command may be applied to the rendered content of the electronic document on the first virtual rendering surface, and at least one of the first state information or the second state information may be updated based on a type of the operation command.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of a computerized system 100 for providing a collaborative document environment, according to an illustrative embodiment.
- FIG. 2 provides an example block diagram illustrating an architecture of a shared layout mechanism for an application model, according to an illustrative embodiment.
- FIG. 3 provides an exemplary block diagram illustrating aspects of interactively rendering content of an electronic document on a viewport, according to an illustrative embodiment.
- FIG. 4 provides an exemplary block diagram illustrating various statuses of tiles on a canvas, according to an illustrative embodiment.
- FIG. 5 provides an exemplary logic flow diagram 500 illustrating aspects of rendering a visible portion of a rendering surface at a viewport of a user device, according to an illustrative embodiment.
- FIG. 6 provides an exemplary logic flow diagram 600 illustrating aspects of
- FIG. 7 provides a logic flow diagram 200 illustrating aspects of loading and rendering an image within an electronic document at a viewport, according to an illustrative embodiment.
- FIG. 8 shows an example tree structure of a layout tree, according to an illustrative embodiment.
- FIG. 9 provides an example diagram illustrating maintaining an underlying canvas for managing states of a canvas, according to an illustrative embodiment.
- FIG. 10 provides an example logic flow diagram 1000 illustrating aspects of managing operation calls relating to an electronic document, according to an illustrative embodiment.
- FIG. 11 provides an example block diagram illustrating interactive work flows between a native platform and a JSVM, according to an illustrative embodiment.
- FIG. 12 provides an exemplary logic flow diagram illustrating managing a shared layout component to render content of an electronic document, according to an illustrative embodiment.
- FIG. 13 provides an example block diagram illustrating an architecture with more than one view, according to an illustrative embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary computer system 1400 with which the system for rendering a visible portion of a rendering surface at a user interface of a user device and use of FIGS. 1-13 can be implemented, according to an illustrative embodiment.
- the computerized systems described herein may comprise one or more engines, which include a processing device or devices, such as a computer, microprocessor, logic device or other device or processor that is configured with hardware, firmware, and software to carry out one or more of the computerized methods described herein.
- Systems and methods described herein relate to presenting a remotely accessible document on a local user device.
- the electronic content of the document is obtained by a user device, and presented in a visible area of the user interface of the user device.
- a layout process is performed to determine layout parameters, e.g., the position of an object such as a paragraph, an image, a table, and/or the like, such that the electronic content can be presented on a virtual rendering surface. For example, content with 500 paragraphs and 16 figures can be laid out as a 40-page long document.
- a rendering process is performed to render the electronic layout of the document on a visible area of a user interface of the user device. For example, the rendering process may determine what portion to be presented for the user to view as the user may scroll down the screen.
- canvas refers to a virtual rendering surface to render an electronic document
- paint refers to rendering the electronic content onto a canvas
- viewport refers to a visible area of a user interface on the user device.
- Systems and methods described herein provide a mechanism for interactive rendering of a visible portion of a rendering surface (e.g., a "canvas") of unknown size.
- the electronic document to be rendered may have a size that is much greater than the visible area of the user interface on a user device. For example, when an electronic document that has been rendered as a 40-page document on the canvas is to be rendered on the user device, only a portion (e.g., 1 page or less than 1 page) of the 40 pages is to be visibly presented to a user on the user interface.
- the user may also interactively select a visible portion from the 40 pages of the document to be presented, e.g., by scrolling up/down the document, zooming in or out, changing font sizes, and/or the like.
- the visible portion presented on the user interface may be dynamically rendered.
- a mechanism for rendering an image on a rendering surface is provided.
- the image bytes may not be available as it may take a longer time to download than textual content.
- a placeholder can be painted until the image content is available. Once the image is available, the old portion of the canvas that contains the image is invalidated and the image bytes are re-painted onto the canvas.
- the rendering canvas can be divided into tiles and content of the document canvas can be rendered onto the tiles.
- the tiles can be virtual units of the canvas and the content are rendered into the canvas, and the grid of tiles facilitates the rendering process to decide at which portion of the canvas (e.g., which tiles) the content should be rendered.
- Tiles that are visible on a user device screen can be re-rendered in response to a user's action (e.g., when a user is scrolling the document, zooming in or out, etc.), instead of re- rendering the entire document. In this way, computation complexity of rendering the document can be reduced, and a user can interactively view the rendered content with a fast scrolling user experience with improved rendering latency.
- a painting process can issue commands to the canvas, which in turn generates a visible presentation at the viewport.
- the canvas may not need to be stored.
- a painting process can paint a page multiple times (e.g., 30-60 times, etc.) per seconds, and each time a new canvas can be provided used during the painting process.
- a state associated with a canvas can include parameters and settings of the canvas, e.g., font, background, etc., which can be independent of content of the document (e.g., text, image, etc.).
- the state of the canvas can be discarded with the canvas. For example, when a painting process finishes rendering a page on the canvas and making it visible at the viewport, the canvas states can be discarded with the canvas. In this way, the painting process only stores the rendering result, e.g., the rendered page.
- the canvas state which includes settings of the canvas, can be used to configure attributes for the painting process to render a page.
- the painting process may issue a save, restore or transform command that can be applied to a state of the canvas.
- a canvas may have default settings such as background color (white), font (arial), transform (0, 0), and/or the like.
- a save command can save the default setting as the current canvas state. If the painting process sets the color to be black, and types "hello" on the canvas, a subsequent save command can save the color (black), font (arial) and transform (0, 0) to the state of the canvas.
- a restore command can restore the canvas state back to color (white), font (arial) and transform (0, 0).
- a save command can save the state of the canvas and a restore command restores the state when the last save command was called.
- the canvas state can be set to include formatting parameters for the word "Hello.” Then after the word “Hello” is painted on the canvas, the painting process may change every attribute in the canvas state to a different setting to paint the words "world” and “how.” Then the painting process may issue a restore command to paint the words "are” and "you?” such that the canvas state can return to the settings when "Hello” was painted.
- the painting process instead of having to first set the canvas state attributes to (1), and then change to (2), and then change back to (1) again, the painting process can set the canvas state to (1), paint "Hello,” save the canvas state; set canvas state to (2), paint "world” and “how,” restore the canvas state. So the save command can store canvas state (1) temporarily and the restore command can restore (1) such that the canvas state does not need to be set again.
- the canvas state can include information such as but not limited to line color, fill color, font (family, size, style, etc.), text direction, line style (e.g., dash, solid, etc.), draw style (e.g., solid, linear gradient, radial gradient, etc.), transformations, clipping area, compositing mode, and/or the like.
- line style e.g., dash, solid, etc.
- draw style e.g., solid, linear gradient, radial gradient, etc.
- transformations e.g., solid, linear gradient, radial gradient, etc.
- clipping area compositing mode
- the canvas state can include information such as but not limited to line color, fill color, font (family, size, style, etc.), text direction, line style (e.g., dash, solid, etc.), draw style (e.g., solid, linear gradient, radial gradient, etc.), transformations, clipping area, compositing mode, and/or the like.
- every page may
- the canvas state information which can be stored in a stack associated with the canvas, may be stored as a snapshot of the canvas such that the canvas can be able to quickly put to screen.
- an underlying virtual canvas paired with the "actual" canvas can be maintained in order to save a current state of the canvas. In this way, the underlying canvas can save a copy of a current state of the canvas, such that the underlying canvas can help restoring the state of the canvas without re-painting every part of the canvas.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of a computerized system 100 for providing a remote storage system to support a shared layout mechanism, according to an illustrative embodiment.
- System 100 includes a server 104 and one or more user devices, e.g., devices 109a-c, connected over a network 120.
- the server 104 includes an electronic database 103 and a document management module 102, which manages access requests, operation requests (e.g., save, restore, open, etc.) and updates to various versions of a master document 106 stored with the server 104.
- the master document 106 may be stored on the electronic database 103 on the server 104, or in a separate storage device.
- the user devices 109a-c may include a variety of different devices, such as but not limited to a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a PDA, a PDA, a PDA, a PDA, a PDA, a PDA, a PDA, a PDA, a PDA
- Each of the user devices 109a-c may include a native platform 1 lOa-c instantiated on the respective user device 109a-c, e.g., an operating system (OS) running on a desktop or laptop computer, a mobile (OS) running on a Smartphone, etc.
- the user device 109a-c may further includes a shared layout mechanism in the form of a Javascript virtual machine (JSVM 112) or other suitable form on the mobile platforms and in the browser on desktop.
- JSVM 112 Javascript virtual machine
- the shared layout components can be written in the Javascript language, and the JSVM 112 can be executed on different platforms.
- the platforms can include but not limited to APPLE ® IOS, ANDROID ® OS, and a browser application on a desktop or laptop computer, and/or the like.
- the shared component can possibly be replicated on another platform that can run a JSVM and if the native code on the other platform can communicate with the JSVM.
- the JSVM 112 can calculate the positions of individual document content pieces on a rendering surface of the user interface. Layout parameters such as the position of a specific word, sentence or paragraph, the position of a specific image in the document, and/or the like are then provided to different native platforms instantiated on different user devices.
- the native platform 1 lOa-c can in turn use the same layout parameters to generate commands to place the relevant objects (e.g., words, sentences, paragraphs, images, etc.) onto a visible user interface on the respective user device screen.
- the same shared layout model e.g., JSVM 112 can render an electronic document in a same layout on different user device platforms.
- each individual user device can use the shared layout model instead of having to develop new layout modules for different native platforms 1 lOa-c. In this way, computation complexity at the native platform can be reduced.
- the JSVM 112 can implement a painting component that is also independent of the native platform (e.g., configured by the native platform but the painting engine and code is shared).
- An application programming interface (API) for the layout, paint or canvas can be shared between different platforms.
- FIG. 2 provides an example block diagram illustrating an architecture of a shared layout mechanism for an application model.
- an application model can include a text editor model 201.
- the viewports 210a-c e.g., a user interface area that presents a portion of an electronic document from the text editor on a user device,
- different platforms such as different mobile operating systems, or different browsers on a computer, etc.
- the text editor model 201 may include information required to render the document, such as but not limited to textual content, image, font size, formatting parameters, and/or the like.
- the text editor model 201 may not need to generate any layout or rendering parameters, such as the position of a paragraph, an image, and/other objects when rendering the document, and/or the like.
- the layout engine 202 can be configured to process a document model from the text editor model and build a layout tree that contains the position information required for rendering.
- the layout tree may have a root node as the entire document, a group of sub-nodes for a number of pages, and subsequently each sub-node of page may be further extended by sub-nodes of paragraphs, and so on.
- the rendering engine 203 can use the positioning information to issue canvas calls, e.g., a function in Javascript to present the content lay-out on a canvas, and then subsequently render a visible portion of the canvas on the various viewports 21 Oa-c.
- the layout engine 202 may update the layout tree and notify the viewport controller 205 of the regions that need to be updated.
- the viewport 210a, 210b or 210c can then issue a paint request, e.g., to present a portion of the content of the electronic document via a visible user interface area on the user device.
- FIG. 3 provides an exemplary block diagram illustrating aspects of interactively rendering content of an electronic document on a viewport.
- the viewport controller 205 divides the canvas 315 into regions referred to as tiles 301-306.
- the tiles 301-306 are made the smallest units for which paint calls are requested from the rendering engine 203 (in other words, it is generally not possible to render only a portion of tile).
- the size of the tiles 301-306 is chosen based on various parameters including the size of the viewport and rendering engine limitations. For example, issuing paint calls to multiple small tiles might not be as efficient as painting a big tile that covers them all; and invalidating a big tile may be resource consuming when only a small portion of the big tile needs to be updated.
- the size of the tiles may be determined depending on multiple factors. For example, the combination of all tiles should cover the entire canvas. However, only a limited subset of the tiles may be loaded and painted at a certain time depending on the viewport. This subset can include visible tiles (the tiles that overlap with the viewport).
- the viewport controller 205 may choose to pre-render a few of nonvisible tiles in the vicinity of viewport to allow faster scrolling without rendering latency. It should be noted that painting of the tiles can be a resource intensive and time consuming operation and once the paint process of a tile is started, it is difficult to cancel.
- the width of the viewport 320 is known (e.g., can be the same as the width of the tile) while the height is unknown (e.g., the viewport 320 can overlap with one or more tiles).
- tiles 3, 4, 5 overlap with the viewport 320 and may need to be painted. Therefore the viewport controller 205 requests the painting of tiles 3, 4, 5 from the rendering engine 203, resulting in the canvas calls 310a-c being issued to those tiles 303-305 to paint them.
- FIG. 4 provides an exemplary block diagram illustrating various statuses of tiles on a canvas.
- the viewport e.g., 405a-d
- the viewport controller may request the painting of the tiles in a way that the user experiences a smooth scrolling.
- the viewport controller should try not to impose a heavy load on the thread that performs the scrolling to avoid stuttering in the scrolling behavior.
- the painting of the tiles may be done on another thread other than the scrolling thread to provide higher performance scrolling.
- painting may be done to a secondary memory on another thread and later copied over to the screen.
- paint jobs may not be cancelled once they start, and the viewport controller may build its own scheduling queue for painting of the tiles so that it has the ability to schedule and reschedule the paint operations.
- the viewport controller may paint tiles ahead of time before the user scrolls to related tiles, and caches the output of the paint.
- the output of the paint process can be cached in a format that requires minimum memory so that as many tiles can be cached as possible.
- the saved format can have enough information to render tiles at all zoom scales.
- example caching formats for the tiles may include, but not limited to PDF format, a display list, and/or the like.
- the viewport controller keeps various lists of different statuses of the tiles.
- active tiles as illustrated by the shaded tiles on canvas 403 are tiles that roughly overlap with a viewport 405 c, and include a set of tiles that are pre-rendered for smooth scrolling. Anytime the viewport changes as the result of user scrolling or other actions, the set of active tiles for the viewport may need to be updated.
- visible tiles as illustrated by tiles 3, 4, and 5 on canvas 404
- Visible tiles can be a subset of the active tiles.
- painted tiles as illustrated by the tiles 4 and 8 on canvas 402 are the set of tiles that are fully painted.
- pending-paint tiles as illustrated by the tiles 2, 3, 5 and 6 on canvas 401 are the list of tiles that are scheduled to be painted. The pending-paint tiles can be a subset of the active tiles.
- the list of active tiles is updated, and tiles that are no longer active are removed from the set of tiles that are pending to be painted.
- a scheduler keeps track of the status of the set of pending-paint tiles, and schedules a time when painting should be requested.
- the painting request can be scheduled on a separate operation queue.
- the output of the painting process may not be presented on the actual screen immediately; instead, an intermediate storage stores the painted tiles as a PDF or a picture.
- Once the operation executed it requests the paint and notifies the viewport controller when the painting job is complete to schedule the next pending tile paint. If the painting of a tile is scheduled but hasn't started and the tile becomes inactive, the scheduled paint will be cancelled.
- the viewport controller can choose to invalidate a number of tiles if it is notified that the content of those tiles are out of date.
- the invalidated tiles are instantly removed from the set of painted tiles, and the viewport controller may schedule them for painting if they are active.
- FIG. 5 provides an exemplary logic flow diagram 500 illustrating aspects of rendering a visible portion of a rendering surface at a viewport of a user device.
- a user device may obtain from a remote storage (e.g., a cloud storage system, etc.), content of an electronic document.
- the user device may obtain a user interactive action from a user interface of the user device, e.g., opening a document, page-up or page-down commands, scrolling movements, zoom-in or zoom-out commands, and/or the like.
- the user interactive action can be related to a visible portion of the canvas, e.g., the page-up or page-down, or zoom-in or zoom- out commands can indicate a visible portion of the canvas that is to be presented at the user interface visible to the user.
- the entire content may be virtually rendered on the canvas at 507, and a visible portion of the canvas is determined for the viewport at 508. If the document has been previously rendered and the user interaction indicates an update at 503, a visible portion of the canvas that is to be re- rendered or updated in response to the user interaction is determined at 504.
- rendering parameters are then determined for the visible portion of the canvas, e.g., width and height of the visible portion from the canvas to be rendered, etc.
- the visible portion may then be rendered or re-rendered at the viewport at 506.
- FIG. 6 provides an exemplary logic flow diagram 600 illustrating aspects of maintaining tiles of a canvas (e.g., see FIG. 4) to update or re-render a visible portion of a canvas at a viewport.
- the canvas can be divided into a plurality of tiles (e.g., similar to 301-306 in FIG. 3) at 601.
- a list of active tiles e.g., similar to tiles in 403 in FIG. 4 are determined.
- the active tiles include one or more tiles that overlap with the viewport and a few more tiles in the vicinity of the viewport.
- the tiles that overlap with the viewport are visible and need to be rendered, while the tiles in the vicinity that are not yet visible can be pre- rendered for smooth scrolling.
- rendering parameters can be determined for the active tiles, and making visible one or more visible tiles from the active tiles at the viewport at 605. Otherwise, for nonvisible tiles from the active tiles, these tiles are to be cached at 606.
- the cached tiles can be retrieved and made visible at the viewport without rendering latency at 608. In this way, the user experience in smooth scrolling can be improved.
- FIG. 7 provides a logic flow diagram 700 illustrating aspects of loading and rendering an image within an electronic document at a viewport.
- the rectangle enclosing the image in absolute coordinates can be calculated at 702.
- a tree structure of relative coordinates can be used to determine the absolute coordinates. Portions of the tree can be orphaned due to changes in layout between the time the image is requested to load and when the image is being loaded.
- a nested tree structure can be generated at 703, which is later used to paint the document to the canvas.
- Each element of the tree is positioned relative to its parent and siblings. This allows portions of the tree to be moved around without recalculating the position of each element in the subtree.
- FIG. 8 shows an example tree structure of a layout tree.
- several paragraphs 804 are created.
- several lines 805 can be created.
- an image 806 is placed.
- a reduced tree traversal from child node to the root (if not orphaned) can be implemented to locate the image 806, which can be significantly faster than performing a full tree traversal (searching every node until the image 806 is found).
- a callback is created with the context of the paint request at 704, such as the relative layout information.
- the callback can be invoked later, once the image is ready to be painted, at 705.
- the layout tree can be a permanent structure that is only mutated during a layout process.
- the canvas can be positioned such that the image can be drawn directly without determining coordinates, as the coordinates have been calculated at 702, and such information is available to the callback at 704. If the document is mutated, for example, a page of text inserted between paragraph 1 and 2, paragraph 2 may not need to re-lay out the lines within paragraph 2, as they already have been sized and positioned.
- FIG. 8 provides an example diagram illustrating a layout tree structure of a document.
- a document can be represented by a tree structure 800.
- pages 801 -802 can be a first layer of nodes in the tree structure, and each page 801-802 may be expanded in a tree structure including nodes representing paragraphs (e.g., 803), lines (e.g., 804), words (e.g., 805) and/or the like.
- the tree structure may be defined during a layout process, e.g., when the position and size of each node can be defined.
- the canvas may be associated with a state, e.g., a "snapshot" of the tree structure and parameters associated with each node in the tree structure.
- a number of calls may be made to transform the canvas state, e.g., at least one by every node of the tree 800 to update the relevant node (e.g., paragraph, line, word, etc.), so that objects/text are painted relative to a specific coordinate or with specific transformation.
- a significant number of save and/or restore calls may be performed to manage the canvas state.
- One way to reduce the number of save or restore calls is for every object of the tree, absolute coordinates (e.g., the position of an object relative to the entire canvas) are calculated, which are used for painting.
- the calculation of absolute coordinates for every object in the layout tree 800 may increase the complexity of the layout and rendering process.
- FIG. 9 provides an example diagram illustrating maintaining an underlying canvases for managing states of a canvas.
- the canvas known as a primary canvas
- a link 906 can be stored to correlate states of the primary canvas and the underlying canvas.
- a new layer e.g., a virtual canvas associated with a secondary stack 903 can be introduced. This layer can be similar to the primary canvas, which passes all calls that performs any drawings to the primary canvas to the underlying canvas.
- calls that only modify the state of the canvas may not be passed to the underlying canvas. Instead, these calls can be recorded, and processed in a batch such that these calls can be merged to reduce the number of calls invoked.
- the underlying canvas stack 903 can have the states of what the user is expected to see and the primary stack 901 can have the states of what the code to paint the canvas may operate on.
- the painting process may issue commands similar to the following:
- the painting process expects the canvas state to have a color of black, so that it doesn't have to set it again.
- the canvas the painting process uses e.g., the primary canvas
- the canvas may have the color set to black, but the underlying canvas may not, until there is a draw command, where the color is used (because the underlying canvas represent a state of the canvas that the user is expected to see and thus may not need to be updated unless the color is used so that the user may see).
- the canvas setColor(b lack) and canvas. setColor( white) calls are made to the underlying canvas, respectively.
- the numbers in the brackets of each node represent relative coordinates to the parent node of the respective node.
- the coordinates (0, 0) of paragraph 1 at 803 shows paragraph 1 starts at a relative coordinate (0, 0) within page 2 at 802.
- the following commands may be issued:
- a transformation matrix can be maintained.
- a draw or paint command can be issued such that the coordinates from the transformation matrix can be attached to the draw command to indicate a location to paint.
- the canvas state may be updated with the position and angle of the placement of the object before a new draw call can be performed.
- FIG. 10 provides an example logic flow diagram 1000 illustrating aspects of managing operation calls relating to a canvas of an electronic document.
- a user device receives a command via a user interface relating to a document (e.g., to change font size, style, color of the text, a selection of a portion of the text, etc.) at 1001, which may result in multiple paint commands being issued.
- a shared layout component e.g., the JSVM
- the save command is forwarded to the underlying canvas at 1003.
- the state in the actual canvas can be restored and the restored state can be applied on the underlying canvas (e.g.
- the current state of the canvas is saved to a stack at 1003.
- the last state can be retrieved from the stack to update the canvas, and the last state can be removed from the stack at 1004. If the state has a connection to an underlying canvas state, a restore request can be performed on the underlying canvas, and the state can be removed from a second stack associated with the underlying canvas.
- transformation/style, and a draw or paint call can be applied to the canvas if necessary at 1005.
- the transformation is to translate only (e.g., no editorial changes made compared to the last save command issued to the underlying canvas)
- the coordinates can be updated, and a draw command can be issued to the underlying canvas with the translated coordinates.
- the transformation is more than just translation (e.g., including change of the content, etc.), and if the state is saved to the stack and it doesn't have a connection to a state in the second stack associated with the underlying canvas, then a save call is performed on the underlying canvas and the current state is saved to the second stack. Connections can be added between elements of the two canvases, and a transform call can be performed on the underlying canvas. If the style has been changed compared to the last style saved on the underlying canvas, the style change can be applied to the underlying canvas as well with a draw command on the underlying canvas.
- a "clip” operation can be performed at 1006, e.g., when an image is "clipped” or a portion of the image is “clipped” from its original version. If a state of the canvas is saved to the stack and it doesn't have a connection to a state in the second stack associated with the underlying canvas, then a save call can be performed on the underlying canvas to save the state to the second stack, and a connection can be established between the two canvases based on the newly saved state. A transform call is performed on the underlying canvas and a draw command is issued on the underlying canvas.
- paragraph 1 line 2 as shown in FIG. 8 is changed in the following way:
- the commands can change the calls made to the real canvas as follows:
- FIG. 11 provides an example block diagram illustrating interactive work flows between a native platform and a JSVM.
- the layout and rendering operations can be included in a JS (Javascript) program 1102, and the JS program 1102 can be run in the JSVM (e.g., 112 in FIG. 1) on mobile platforms or in the browser on desktop, e.g., a native platform 1101.
- user gestures e.g., taps, flings, swipes, hovers, etc.
- the native-platform specific code becomes a thin layer, which is a rendering surface, e.g., a "canvas" the shared JS code 1102 renders the content onto.
- a controller 1103 at the native platform 1101 may send a layout request 1111 to the layout module 1005 within the shared JS code 1102.
- the shared JS code 1102 may then ask the native code for information on the viewport 1104 (e.g., size of the rendering surface, a portion to view, etc.) and then send an invalidation call 1112 to the controller, which may forward the invalidation call 1113 to the viewport 1104 to invalidate the portions of the viewport 1104 when the portions need to be re-rendered.
- the viewport 1104 may then send a paint call 1114 (e.g., a Javascript request to visibly present a portion of the document at the viewport) to the rendering module 1106 within the shared JS code 1102.
- the rendering module 1106 can generate canvas instructions 1115, e.g., parameters to render the content on the rendering surface, to the viewport 1104 to present the content.
- FIG. 12 provides an exemplary logic flow diagram illustrating managing a shared layout component to render content of an electronic document.
- a user device may obtain content of an electronic document from a remote storage system, e.g., a cloud system.
- the user device may instantiate a JSVM (e.g., similar to 112 in FIG. 1) at 1202 and generate layout parameters by the JSVM at 1203.
- the layout parameters may include the position of a specific word, sentence or paragraph, the position of a specific image in the document, and/or the like.
- the layout parameters are sent to a native platform at 1204.
- the JSVM may then receive a "paint" request from the native platform at 1205, to render the content of the electronic document at a rendering surface.
- the JSVM may then generate canvas instructions to place the relevant objects (e.g., words, sentences, paragraphs, images, etc.) onto a visible user interface on the respective user device screen at 1206.
- FIG. 13 provides an example block diagram illustrating an architecture with more than one view.
- the application model 1301 can provide a representation of a single model to multiple views 1308a-c across a single or multiple devices, e.g., the different view controllers 1306a-c can be associated with one or more different user devices.
- the application model 1301 can be a text editor that has a single model representing the document content.
- the model 1301 can be represented in different layout formats (paginated, flowing, etc.) and/or on different devices (e.g., a browser application on a computer, a mobile smart device, etc.).
- an application shared controller 1302 can be similar to the JS program 1102 in FIG. 11, which can be shared among different applications or devices.
- the application shared controller 1302 may include the shared layout module 1303 and shared renderer 1304. On a single device, multiple layout formats can be presented and the user has the option to switch between them with only one view being active at a time.
- the view controller 1306b may send a layout request 1311 to the shared layout module 1303.
- the shared layout module may in turn send an invalidation call 1312 to the view controller 1306b to re-draw a rendering surface.
- the view controller 1306b may send a "draw" request 1213 to the shared renderer 1304, which may send canvas instructions 1314 to generate a view 1308b.
- the selected view controller 1306b can request the model 1301 to be updated with an updated notifier 1305.
- the model 1301 can also be updated externally by collaborators.
- the view controller 1306 will be notified of the model change. If a view controller is active at the time that the change happens, the respective view controller (e.g., 1306b) updates its layout information and figures out the parts of the view (e.g., 1308b) that should be re-rendered.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a computing device, such as any of the components of the systems of FIGS. 1-13, for performing any of the processes described herein.
- Each of the components of these systems may be implemented on one or more computing devices 1400.
- a plurality of the components of these systems may be included within one computing device 1400.
- a component and a storage device may be implemented across several computing devices 1400.
- the computing device 1400 includes at least one communications interface unit, an input/output controller 1410, system memory, and one or more data storage devices.
- the system memory includes at least one random access memory (RAM 1402) and at least one read-only memory (ROM 1404). All of these elements are in communication with a central processing unit (CPU 1406) to facilitate the operation of the computing device 1400.
- the computing device 1400 may be configured in many different ways. For example, the computing device 1400 may be a conventional standalone computer or alternatively, the functions of computing device 1400 may be distributed across multiple computer systems and architectures. Alternatively, a computer system may be virtualized to provide the functions of multiple computing devices 1400. In FIG. 14, the computing device 1400 is linked, via network or local network, to other servers or systems.
- the computing device 1400 may be configured in a distributed architecture, wherein databases and processors are housed in separate units or locations. Some units perform primary processing functions and contain at a minimum a general controller or a processor and a system memory. In distributed architecture implementations, each of these units may be attached via the communications interface unit 1408 to a communications hub or port (not shown) that serves as a primary communication link with other servers, client or user computers and other related devices.
- the communications hub or port may have minimal processing capability itself, serving primarily as a communications router.
- a variety of communications protocols may be part of the system, including, but not limited to: Ethernet, SAP, SASTM, ATP, BLUETOOTHTM, GSM and TCP/IP.
- the CPU 1406 includes a processor, such as one or more conventional microprocessors and one or more supplementary co-processors such as math co-processors for offloading workload from the CPU 1406.
- the CPU 1406 is in communication with the communications interface unit 1408 and the input/output controller 1410, through which the CPU 1406 communicates with other devices such as other servers, user terminals, or devices.
- the communications interface unit 1408 and the input/output controller 1410 may include multiple communication channels for simultaneous communication with, for example, other processors, servers or client terminals.
- the CPU 1406 is also in communication with the data storage device.
- the data storage device may include an appropriate combination of magnetic, optical or semiconductor memory, and may include, for example, RAM 1402, ROM 1404, flash drive, an optical disc such as a compact disc or a hard disk or drive.
- the CPU 1406 and the data storage device each may be, for example, located entirely within a single computer or other computing device; or connected to each other by a communication medium, such as a USB port, serial port cable, a coaxial cable, an Ethernet cable, a telephone line, a radio frequency transceiver or other similar wireless or wired medium or combination of the foregoing.
- the CPU 1406 may be connected to the data storage device via the communications interface unit 1408.
- the CPU 1406 may be configured to perform one or more particular processing functions.
- the data storage device may store, for example, (i) an operating system 1412 for the computing device 1400; (ii) one or more applications 1414 (e.g., computer program code or a computer program product) adapted to direct the CPU 1406 in accordance with the systems and methods described here, and particularly in accordance with the processes described in detail with regard to the CPU 1406; or (iii) database(s) 1416 adapted to store information that may be utilized to store information required by the program.
- applications 1414 e.g., computer program code or a computer program product
- the operating system 1412 and applications 1414 may be stored, for example, in a compressed, an uncompiled and an encrypted format, and may include computer program code.
- the instructions of the program may be read into a main memory of the processor from a computer-readable medium other than the data storage device, such as from the ROM 1404 or from the RAM 1402. While execution of sequences of instructions in the program causes the CPU 1406 to perform the process steps described herein, hard- wired circuitry may be used in place of, or in combination with, software instructions for implementation of the processes of the present invention.
- the systems and methods described are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
- Suitable computer program code may be provided for performing one or more functions in relation to performing the processes as described herein.
- the program also may include program elements such as an operating system 1412, a database management system and "device drivers" that allow the processor to interface with computer peripheral devices (e.g., a video display, a keyboard, a computer mouse, etc.) via the input/output controller 1410.
- computer peripheral devices e.g., a video display, a keyboard, a computer mouse, etc.
- the term "computer-readable medium” as used herein refers to any non-transitory medium that provides or participates in providing instructions to the processor of the computing device 1400 (or any other processor of a device described herein) for execution. Such a medium may take many forms, including but not limited to, non- volatile media and volatile media.
- Nonvolatile media include, for example, optical, magnetic, or opto-magnetic disks, or integrated circuit memory, such as flash memory. Volatile media include dynamic random access memory (DRAM), which typically constitutes the main memory.
- DRAM dynamic random access memory
- Common forms of computer-readable media include, for example, a floppy disk, a flexible disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, any other magnetic medium, a CD-ROM, DVD, any other optical medium, punch cards, paper tape, any other physical medium with patterns of holes, a RAM, a PROM, an EPROM or EEPROM (electronically erasable programmable read-only memory), a FLASH-EEPROM, any other memory chip or cartridge, or any other non-transitory medium from which a computer can read.
- Various forms of computer readable media may be involved in carrying one or more sequences of one or more instructions to the CPU 1406 (or any other processor of a device described herein) for execution.
- the instructions may initially be borne on a magnetic disk of a remote computer (not shown).
- the remote computer can load the instructions into its dynamic memory and send the instructions over an Ethernet connection, cable line, or even telephone line using a modem.
- a communications device local to a computing device 1400 e.g., a server
- the system bus carries the data to main memory, from which the processor retrieves and executes the instructions.
- the instructions received by main memory may optionally be stored in memory either before or after execution by the processor.
- instructions may be received via a communication port as electrical, electromagnetic or optical signals, which are exemplary forms of wireless communications or data streams that carry various types of information.
- a computing system that includes a back end component, e.g., as a data server, or that includes a middleware component, e.g., an application server, or that includes a front end component, e.g., a client computer having a graphical user interface or a Web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the subject matter described in this specification, or any combination of one or more such back end, middleware, or front end components.
- the components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication, e.g., a communication network.
- the communication network can include, for example, any one or more of a personal area network (PAN), a local area network (LAN), a campus area network (CAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), a wide area network (WAN), a broadband network (BBN), the Internet, and the like.
- PAN personal area network
- LAN local area network
- CAN campus area network
- MAN metropolitan area network
- WAN wide area network
- BBN broadband network
- the Internet and the like.
- the communication networks can include, but are not limited to, for example, any one or more of the following network topologies, including a bus network, a star network, a ring network, a mesh network, a star-bus network, tree or hierarchical network, or the like.
- the communications modules can be, for example, modems or Ethernet cards.
- computing system 1400 can include clients and servers.
- a client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other.
- Computer system 1400 can be, for example, and without limitation, an enterprise server or group of servers, one or more desktop computers, one or more laptop computers, etc.
- Computer system 1400 can also be embedded in another device, for example, and without limitation, a mobile telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile audio player, a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, a video game console, and/or a television set top box.
- PDA personal digital assistant
- GPS Global Positioning System
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
- Computational Linguistics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Processing Or Creating Images (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP23154728.2A EP4198962A1 (en) | 2015-08-04 | 2016-08-04 | Systems and methods for interactively presenting a visible portion of a rendering surface on a user device |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201562200781P | 2015-08-04 | 2015-08-04 | |
US201562200920P | 2015-08-04 | 2015-08-04 | |
US201562200979P | 2015-08-04 | 2015-08-04 | |
US201562200793P | 2015-08-04 | 2015-08-04 | |
PCT/US2016/045571 WO2017024144A1 (en) | 2015-08-04 | 2016-08-04 | Systems and methods for interactively presenting a visible portion of a rendering surface on a user device |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP23154728.2A Division EP4198962A1 (en) | 2015-08-04 | 2016-08-04 | Systems and methods for interactively presenting a visible portion of a rendering surface on a user device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3332405A1 true EP3332405A1 (en) | 2018-06-13 |
Family
ID=56684782
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP23154728.2A Pending EP4198962A1 (en) | 2015-08-04 | 2016-08-04 | Systems and methods for interactively presenting a visible portion of a rendering surface on a user device |
EP16751450.4A Ceased EP3332405A1 (en) | 2015-08-04 | 2016-08-04 | Systems and methods for interactively presenting a visible portion of a rendering surface on a user device |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP23154728.2A Pending EP4198962A1 (en) | 2015-08-04 | 2016-08-04 | Systems and methods for interactively presenting a visible portion of a rendering surface on a user device |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP4198962A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE202016107451U1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017024144A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11863615B2 (en) | 2022-03-18 | 2024-01-02 | T-Mobile Usa, Inc. | Content management systems providing zero recovery time objective |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109493410B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2023-05-16 | 叠境数字科技(上海)有限公司 | Real-time rendering method of gigabit-level pixel image |
CN111580924B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2023-06-27 | 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 | Page display method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium |
CN114222185B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2024-04-05 | 洪恩完美(北京)教育科技发展有限公司 | Video playing method, terminal equipment and storage medium |
CN114527980A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-24 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display rendering method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium |
CN114489624A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-05-13 | 北京优锘科技有限公司 | Method, device, medium and equipment for automatically generating regional planning view |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8381101B2 (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2013-02-19 | Apple Inc. | Supporting platform-independent typesetting for documents |
US8499236B1 (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2013-07-30 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods for presenting reflowable content on a display |
US20150331836A9 (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2015-11-19 | Opera Software Asa | Graceful degradation of level-of-detail in document rendering |
-
2016
- 2016-08-04 WO PCT/US2016/045571 patent/WO2017024144A1/en unknown
- 2016-08-04 EP EP23154728.2A patent/EP4198962A1/en active Pending
- 2016-08-04 EP EP16751450.4A patent/EP3332405A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2016-08-04 DE DE202016107451.7U patent/DE202016107451U1/en active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11863615B2 (en) | 2022-03-18 | 2024-01-02 | T-Mobile Usa, Inc. | Content management systems providing zero recovery time objective |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP4198962A1 (en) | 2023-06-21 |
DE202016107451U1 (en) | 2017-02-27 |
WO2017024144A1 (en) | 2017-02-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US11537278B2 (en) | Interactively presenting a visible portion of a rendering surface on a user device | |
EP4198962A1 (en) | Systems and methods for interactively presenting a visible portion of a rendering surface on a user device | |
USRE47152E1 (en) | Altering the appearance of a digital image using a shape | |
US10452750B2 (en) | Systems and methods for interactively presenting a visible portion of a rendering surface on a user device | |
TWI394055B (en) | Common charting using shapes | |
EP2805258B1 (en) | Low resolution placeholder content for document navigation | |
TWI279737B (en) | Automatic memory management for zone rendering | |
US10380723B2 (en) | Editing dynamically selected portions of target images in a mask-based editing interface | |
US20110304625A1 (en) | Adaptive image rendering and use of imposter | |
US20200089396A1 (en) | Automatically generating and applying graphical user interface resize-contraints based on design semantics | |
US20130151937A1 (en) | Selective image loading in mobile browsers | |
AU2015298291B2 (en) | Optimized rendering of shared documents on client devices with document raster representations | |
US10783685B2 (en) | Banner image generation | |
US20190080017A1 (en) | Method, system, and device that invokes a web engine | |
CN110286971B (en) | Processing method and system, medium and computing device | |
KR20160113135A (en) | Providing print view of document for editing in web-based application | |
AU2013364124B2 (en) | Web-based publishing | |
CN113687809A (en) | Information display method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium | |
US20220254078A1 (en) | Editing digital images utilizing edge aware transformations based on vector splines and meshes for multiple image regions | |
US9305381B1 (en) | Multi-threaded rasterisation | |
KR20140022143A (en) | Method and apparatus for rendering processing by using multiple processings | |
US8411036B2 (en) | Hardware accelerated caret rendering | |
WO2018022068A1 (en) | Document content resizing | |
US8976189B2 (en) | Drawing operations using multiple graphics interfaces |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20171031 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20200807 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R003 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN REFUSED |
|
18R | Application refused |
Effective date: 20220725 |
|
P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230519 |