EP3323952B1 - Unité de verre isolant à plusieurs chambres remplie de gaz - Google Patents

Unité de verre isolant à plusieurs chambres remplie de gaz Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3323952B1
EP3323952B1 EP16199627.7A EP16199627A EP3323952B1 EP 3323952 B1 EP3323952 B1 EP 3323952B1 EP 16199627 A EP16199627 A EP 16199627A EP 3323952 B1 EP3323952 B1 EP 3323952B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chambers
glass
pane
panes
glass unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16199627.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3323952A1 (fr
Inventor
Ales Kralj
Matjaz Znidarsic
Miroslav Halilovic
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KRALJ, ALES
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DK16199627.7T priority Critical patent/DK3323952T3/da
Priority to SI201630890T priority patent/SI3323952T1/sl
Priority to EP16199627.7A priority patent/EP3323952B1/fr
Priority to PL16199627T priority patent/PL3323952T3/pl
Priority to PCT/EP2017/079420 priority patent/WO2018091576A1/fr
Publication of EP3323952A1 publication Critical patent/EP3323952A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3323952B1 publication Critical patent/EP3323952B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • E04B1/806—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with air or gas pockets included in the slab
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E06B3/6722—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light with adjustable passage of light

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to technical solutions in the area of transparent or translucent heat insulation based on the principle of multipane glazing units for general use, in particular in civil engineering, and more particular in prefabricated building envelopes or integrated facades. More particularly, the present invention relates to a multichamber gas-filled insulated glass unit comprising an outer pane, an inner pane, and at least three chambers arranged between said outer and inner panes.
  • Thermal insulation of buildings is important in achieving a reduction of energy consumption.
  • An effective thermal insulation requires corresponding insulation systems with low effective thermal conductivity.
  • transparent or translucent glazed systems using hermetically sealed composite panels have been proposed, which are also known as "insulating glass units" in the art .
  • insulating glass units with three glass panes are common, which are referred to as triple glass insulating units in the art.
  • quad glass units have been introduced, having an outer pane, an inner pane and two low emissivity coated intermediate panes stacked in between, which are typically thinner than the inner and outer panes.
  • the intermediate panes form chambers between each other and between themselves and the inner or outer panes.
  • the overall heat transfer coefficient also referred to as the "U-value" in the art
  • U-value the overall heat transfer coefficient
  • the clearest mineral glass or polymer film panes absorb light passing through. This causes solar heating of the individual panes of the glass units, and in particular of the intermediate panes.
  • the pressure of the gas contained in the chambers increases, which in turn may lead to breakage of the intermediate panes.
  • excessive temperatures as well as increased pressure may also lead to a failure of ordinary sealing materials.
  • strengthened glass such as chemically strengthened glass, or toughened glass, which is less prone to break under thermal stress.
  • toughened or tempered glass is typically a fully tempered glass, having a strength that exceeds the strength of annealed glass by a factor of e.g. 4 to 6.
  • heat strengthened glass can also refer to glass that has been heat strengthened such as to acquire a still considerably higher strength than annealed glass, although not quite the strength obtainable with fully tempered glass.
  • the glass is strengthened by a chemical surface finishing process.
  • the glass may be submersed in a bath containing a potassium salt which causes sodium ions in the glass surface to be replaced by potassium ions from the bath solution, which effectively leads to a state of compression in the surface of the glass and a compensating tension in the core.
  • tempered or chemically strengthened glass may indeed reduce the risk of breakage of intermediate panes upon thermal stress, their use severely increases the manufacturing costs of corresponding glass units.
  • EP 2 729 635 B1 suggests a multichamber structure with an inner pane, and outer pane, and a group of four sealed chambers formed between the outer pane and a divider pane, wherein the sealed chambers are filled with insulating gas.
  • the four sealed chambers are formed by three intermediate panes, which may be formed by polymer films. Between the divider pane and the inner pane, an open chamber is formed, which allows for pressure equalization with a surrounding atmosphere of said unit.
  • WO 2013/006144 A1 discloses a IGU with all the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object underlying the invention is to provide a multichamber gas-filled insulating glass unit allowing for comparatively low U-values at moderate manufacturing costs. This problem is solved by a multichamber gas-filled insulated glass unit according to claim 1. Preferable embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.
  • the multichamber gas-filled insulating glass unit comprises an outer pane having a solar direct transmittance ⁇ e,outer according to EN 410:2011 and a solar direct absorptance ⁇ e,router according to EN 410:2011, and an inner pane.
  • the unit comprises at least three chambers arranged between said outer pane and inner pane, wherein adjacent chambers are divided by intermediate panes.
  • ⁇ e,inter denotes the solar direct absorption according to EN 410:2011 of the intermediate panes, and the two intermediate panes closest to said outer pane have an average value av( ⁇ e,inter ) of their solar direct absorptions.
  • the chambers comprise a group of sealed chambers, wherein said group of sealed chambers as a whole is hermetically sealed, and each of said chambers among said group of sealed chambers is filled with an insulating gas having a thermal conductivity of ⁇ .
  • the values for ⁇ , N and the corrected emissivity ⁇ of said panes are chosen such that the EN 673:2011 U-value is less than 0.5 W (m 2 ⁇ k).
  • EN 673:2011 and all other norms referred to herein refer to the version valid on the priority date of the present application.
  • the solar direct transmittance ⁇ e,outer of the outer pane (1) is 0.5 or less, and av( ⁇ e,inter ) is 0.15 or less, preferably 0.11 or less, and most preferably 0.09 or less.
  • the inventor has devised a new class of glass units under the following considerations.
  • U-value thermal transmission
  • SHGC so-called g-value or SHGC
  • High solar heat gain is intended to reduce building heating need in winter.
  • insulating glass units need to be equipped with additional exterior shading devices to prevent building overheating.
  • the need for strong solar heating in winter actually diminishes.
  • the inventor has put particular emphasis on use in comparatively cold climates, such as climates found at above 45° geographical latitude.
  • the insolation intensity on the earth may be as high as 1060 W/m 2 , at a latitude of 45°, and for vertical walls, the insolation from March to October never exceeds 768 W/m 2 (see the HOURLY CLEAR-SKY INSOLATION TABLES in Renewable and Efficient Electric Power Systems, Gilbert M. Masters ISBN 0-471-28060-7, 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ).
  • the inventor tried to devise a class of glass units which allow for keeping the temperatures at the intermediate panes within reasonable limits such as to avoid excessive thermal stress both, to the panes themselves, as well as to the sealing material of the unit.
  • an upper bound for the thermal stress to be expected in use could be estimated assuming "critical conditions" at an outside temperature of 40°C, an inside temperature of 24°C and an insolation intensity of 783 W/m 2 .
  • T even allows for choosing different numbers N of outer, inner and intermediate panes, or in other words, different numbers of chambers within the glass unit.
  • the definition of T employs what could be regarded as an "effective number of panes" N 1 + ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ar ⁇ kr ⁇ ⁇ ar ⁇ 0.4 , which accounts for the thermal conductivity ⁇ of the insulating gas used in the group of sealed chambers. If the insulating gas corresponds to a mixture of 90% argon and 10% air, the effective number of panes corresponds to the true number of panes. However, if the insulating gas corresponds a mixture of e.g.
  • the effective number of panes corresponds to 1.4 times the true number of panes.
  • effective numbers of panes can be calculated as defined in above, which would correspond to an interpolation between these two choices of insulating gases.
  • the peak temperature among the intermediate panes can be quite reliably be predicted based on the solar direct transmittance ⁇ e,outer and the solar direct absorptance ⁇ e,outer of the outer pane, in combination with the average value av( ⁇ e,inter ) of the solar direct absorptance of the two intermediate panes closest to said outer pane and the "effective number of panes" as defined above.
  • the parameters ⁇ e,outer , ⁇ e,outer , av( ⁇ e,inter ) and the total number N of outer, inner and intermediate panes is chosen such that T > 50, preferably T > 55, and most preferably T > 60.
  • the thermal conductivity ⁇ of the insulating gas, the total number N of outer, inner and intermediate panes and the corrected emissivity ⁇ of said panes is chosen such that the U-value of the entire unit is less than 0.3 W/(m 2 ⁇ K).
  • the "corrected emissivity” is used as recommended by EN 410:2011 EN 673:2011 and EN 12898. This definition of "corrected emissivity" is analogous to the hemispherical emissivity in the NFRC standards.
  • said number of chambers is between 3 and 7, preferably 4 or 5, and most preferably 5.
  • said number of chambers is between 3 and 7, preferably 4 or 5, and most preferably 5.
  • all of said chambers within said group of sealed chambers may be individually sealed such as to prevent any gas exchange with other chambers among said group of sealed chambers.
  • the group of chambers formed thereby is likewise hermetically sealed as a whole.
  • some, and in particular all of said chambers among said group of sealed chambers are not individually sealed with regard to one another such as to allow for a gas exchange and equalization of pressure among themselves.
  • small openings could be provided in the intermediate panes separating the chambers within said group of sealed chambers.
  • the material used for the intermediate panes could simply be a material that is not completely gas tight and hence allows for gas exchange and pressure equalization. This could for example be the case when polymer films or sheets are used for the intermediate panes.
  • all of said chambers are part of said group of sealed chambers.
  • no open chamber as disclosed in EP 2 729 635 B1 is employed. Instead, by choosing the parameters ⁇ e,outer , ⁇ e,outer , av( ⁇ e,inter ) and the total number N of outer, inner and intermediate panes such as to minimize T sufficiently, insulated glass units can be provided which keep the heating even under critical conditions low enough such that such open chambers can be dispensed with.
  • the unit comprises an open chamber which allows for a pressure equalization with a surrounding atmosphere of said unit, in particular the outside of a building in which the unit is to be installed.
  • said open chamber is preferably adjacent to said inner pane of said unit.
  • some or all of the intermediate panes separating chambers within the group of sealed chambers are formed by glass sheets, in particular sheets from non-strengthened glass.
  • non-strengthened glass refers to annealed glass, which has not been subjected to chemical strengthening or tempering. Due to the inventive choice of the parameters ⁇ e,outer , ⁇ e,outer , av( ⁇ e,inter ) and N, the intermediate panes will only moderately heat up and not be subjected to excessive strain, such that in the preferred embodiments, no strengthened glass for the intermediate panes will be needed.
  • some or all of the intermediate panes can be formed by transparent polymer sheets or films, in particular polyester films. Very good results can be achieved using films having a thickness of about 0.1 mm.
  • the polymer sheets and films will often not be completely gas tight, and hence allow for the aforementioned gas transfer and seasonal pressure equalization between adjacent chambers, without having to provide for additional openings.
  • some or all of the intermediate panes are formed by monolithic glass having a thickness of 1.9 to 4.0 mm, preferably 2.0 to 3.0 mm.
  • the intermediate panes are made from refined glass having a low content of iron oxides. These types of glass are known as "low iron glass” in the art. Iron oxides tend to exhibit a high absorption in the NIR range, but also in the visible part of the solar radiation. By employing low iron glass, the heating of intermediate panes can further be reduced.
  • av( ⁇ e,inter ) is 0.15 or less, preferably 0.11 or less, and most preferably 0.09 or less.
  • some or all of the intermediate panes are equipped with a low emissivity coating having a corrected emissivity ⁇ according to EN 410:2011 in a range of 0.020 to 0.120, preferably in a range of 0.030 to 0.050, and most preferably in a range of 0.033 to 0.037.
  • a low emissivity coating having an emissivity ⁇ of as low as approximately 0.01 are available, and could be regarded as the obvious choice in many respects, since they are convenient for reaching exceptionally low U-values per gas gap.
  • higher emissivity values in the ranges defined above are employed, to further prevent overheating of the intermediate panes.
  • Sufficiently low U-values of the glass unit as a whole can be obtained by choosing a sufficiently large number of chambers, such as four, and more preferably five.
  • the intermediate pane separating the open chamber from an adjacent one of the chambers of the group of sealed chambers is preferably made from tempered float glass or chemically strengthened glass, preferably having a thickness of 2.0 to 6.0 mm. These types of glass panes allow for withstanding the pressure-induced flexing exerted by the group of sealed chambers.
  • each of said chambers has a width larger than 5 mm, preferably larger than 8 mm, and most preferably larger than 12 mm.
  • some or all of the intermediate panes are spaced from an adjacent one of said outer pane, inner pane or other intermediate pane by means of a spacer, in particular a metal spacer or a plastic spacer with gas barrier, where such barrier is preferably formed by a metal sheet.
  • a spacer in particular a metal spacer or a plastic spacer with gas barrier, where such barrier is preferably formed by a metal sheet.
  • the width of some or all of said spacers is
  • the outer pane is a solar control glass.
  • a solar control glass is understood to be a glass with reduced solar energy transmission, where such reduced solar energy transmission is achieved with energy absorption and/or reflection.
  • monolithic transparent glass panes may have a solar direct transmittance of as high as 91%, while solar control glass allows for achieving a solar direct transmittance of 60% or less.
  • the outer pane is spectrally selective in that the transmittance for invisible NIR light is lower than that of visible light, in particular by a factor of 2, preferably by a factor of at least 4.
  • the solar direct transmittance ⁇ e,outer is 0.6 or less.
  • said outer pane is equipped with a system, in particular a photochromatic, thermochromatic or electro-chromatic system for dynamically changing the value of ⁇ e,outer, said system allowing for reducing the value of ⁇ e,outer to 0.6 or below.
  • a system in particular a photochromatic, thermochromatic or electro-chromatic system for dynamically changing the value of ⁇ e,outer, said system allowing for reducing the value of ⁇ e,outer to 0.6 or below.
  • the solar direct absorption ⁇ e,outer of said outer pane is between 0 and 0.9 , preferably between 0.1 and 0.5.
  • said outer and/or inner pane is provided with single or double sided low emissivity coating.
  • said outer pane may be provided with a coating that provides for self-cleaning and/or low reflection.
  • said outer pane is a monolithic or composite pane having a thickness of 4 mm or more.
  • said inner pane is a monolithic or composite pane having a thickness of 3 mm or more.
  • said inner pane may be a one- or two-gap insulating glass unit.
  • said inner pane is a safety glass, in particular a toughened glass having a thickness of 5 mm or more, or a laminated glass of two or more glass panes each having a thickness of at least 4 mm, with resin films, in particular PVB films stacked in between.
  • the glass unit has a total thickness of at least 47 mm, preferably at least 69 mm.
  • said glass unit is a building element for use in building envelopes or facades.
  • Fig. 1 shows a multichamber gas-filled insulated glass unit 10 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the glass unit 10 comprises an outer pane 1 which is facing outside when the unit is installed in a building, and an inner pane 2 facing inside when installed. Between the inner and outer panes 1, 2, three intermediate panes 4 are provided, thereby forming a total of four chambers 3 arranged between said outer pane 1 and inner pane 2, which are divided by said intermediate panes 4.
  • the intermediate panes 4 are separated from each other and from the outer and inner panes 1, 2 by means of spacers 5.
  • the entire unit 10 is sealed by an edge sealant 6, which in the embodiment shown is made from polysulfide. Moreover, although not shown in the figure, a further sealing is provided between spacers 5 and the inner, outer and intermediate panes 1, 2, 4, which in the embodiment shown is a butyl sealing.
  • the four chambers 3 form a group of sealed chambers, where the group of sealed chambers 3 as a whole is hermetically sealed.
  • Each of the chambers 3 within the group of sealed chambers is filled with an insulating gas, which in the embodiment shown is assumed to be a mixture of 90% argon and 10% air.
  • the outer pane 1 shown is an at least 4 mm thick monolithic or composite pane, which may be translucent or fully transparent.
  • the strength of the outer pane 1 can be selected according to the wind protection requirements of the building where the glass unit 10 is to be employed.
  • the outer pane 1 is characterized by a solar direct transmittance ⁇ e,outer according to EN 410:2011 and a solar direct absorptance ⁇ e,outer according to EN 410:2011.
  • the outer pane 1 is a solar control pane with reduced solar energy transmission, which is achieved by appropriate energy absorption and/or reflection. More particularly, the solar direct transmittance ⁇ e,outer is chosen to be less than 60%, but may in some embodiments be chosen to be less than 50%, less than 40% or even less than 30%.
  • the outer pane 1 can be provided with a chromatic, thermochromatic or electrochromatic system for dynamically changing the value of the solar direct transmittance ⁇ e,outer .
  • the outer pane 1 is equipped with low reflection, easy to clean, self-cleaning and/or low emissivity coating on the outside to reduce exterior condensation. Other functional coatings may likewise be provided.
  • the outer pane 1 is a solar control toughened glass having a thickness of 8 mm provided with a spectrally selective coating, yielding a solar direct transmittance ⁇ e,outer according to EN 410:2011 of 0.245 and a solar direct absorptance ⁇ e,outer according to EN 410:2011 of 0.45.
  • the inner pane 2 may be a monolithic or composite glass having a thickness of at least 3 mm.
  • the glass may be either etched or fully transparent.
  • the inner pane could also be made from polymer or composites thereof.
  • the inner pane 2 is to be selected according to occupant safety requirements.
  • the inner pane 2 may be a one- or two-gap insulating glass unit.
  • a suitable safety glass for use as the inner pane to could be formed by a toughened or chemically strengthened glass having a thickness of 6 mm, or a laminated glass of two glass panes each having a thickness of 4 mm or more, typically 6 mm or more, with PVB films stacked in between.
  • the inner pane 2 may also have a low emissivity coating, which is formed by a special thin-film coating on the glass pane surface, such that thermal infrared radiation emission is reduced.
  • the inner pane 2 may have a low reflection coating on one or both of its sides.
  • the intermediate panes 4 are characterized by their solar direct absorptance ⁇ e,inter according to EN 410:2011. However, for the thermal behavior of the glass unit 10 as a whole, the optical properties of the two intermediate panes 4 closest to said outer pane 1 are of most importance. Accordingly, special attention is given herein to the average value av( ⁇ e>inter ) of the solar direct absorptance ⁇ e,inter of these two intermediate panes 4 closest to the outer pane 1. Note that in various embodiments, the solar direct absorptance ⁇ e,inter of all intermediate panes in the form may be identical.
  • av( ⁇ e,inter ) is 0.15 or less, preferably 0.11 or less, and most preferably 0.09 or less. With so little solar direct absorptance, excessive heating of intermediate panes can be prevented, even if four, five or even more chambers are employed.
  • all of the intermediate panes 4 are formed by monolithic glass having a thickness of 2.1 mm. in other embodiments, the thickness may range from 1.9 to 4.0 mm, preferably 2.0 to 3.0 mm.
  • the monolithic glass is a refined glass having a low content of iron oxides, which help in achieving the low absorptance.
  • the intermediate panes 4 are equipped with a low emissivity coating having an emissivity ⁇ according to EN 410:2011 in a range of 0.020 to 0.120, preferably in a range of 0.030 to 0.050, and most preferably in a range of 0.033 to 0.037.
  • the coating is preferably one-sided. Note that currently, low emissivity coatings having an emissivity ⁇ of as low as approximately 0.01 are available, and could be regarded as an attractive choice for lowering the U-values per gas gap, and consequently the U-value of the glass unit 10 as a whole.
  • the four chambers 3 comprise a group of sealed chambers, which as a whole is hermetically sealed.
  • the intermediate panes 4 might or might not be gas tight.
  • the intermediate panes 4 are not gas tight, such that a gas exchange and an equalization of pressure among the chambers 3 is possible.
  • the intermediate panes 4 can have openings formed therein, or be simply made of a non-gastight material, such as a thin polymer film, which likewise allows for a gas exchange.
  • the spacers 5 are chosen to provide a suitable distance between the outer, intermediate and inner panes 1, 4, 2.
  • an optimum width of the spacers 5 is 18 to 20 mm.
  • the insulating gas is mainly based on krypton
  • the optimum chamber width is smaller, and the spacers 5 would have a width between 14 and 16 mm.
  • the spacers 5 can be made from stainless steel. However, since the glass unit 10 of the invention allows for preventing excessive heating, plastic hybrid spacers 5 with metal gas barriers can likewise be used.
  • Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, showing a multichamber gas-filled insulated glass unit 10 which is very similar to that of Fig. 1 , and likewise comprises an outer pane 1, and inner pane 2, three intermediate panes 4, four spacers 5 and an edge sealant 6.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 2 further comprises an open chamber 3.1 provided adjacent to the inner pane 2.
  • the open chamber 3.1 allows for a pressure equalization with a surrounding atmosphere of the unit 10.
  • a specific spacer 5.1 is provided which has an opening 4.2 allowing for the air exchange.
  • Glass units employing this type of open chambers 3.1 are disclosed in EP 2 729 635 B1 .
  • An intermediate pane 4.1 is provided, which separates the open chamber 3.1 from the group of sealed chambers 3. Since the intermediate pane 4.1 receives the pressure from the group of open chambers 3 upon expansion of the insulating gas, it will preferably be toughened.
  • the optical properties of the outer pane 1 and the intermediate panes 4, 4.1 must be carefully chosen such that an overheating of the intermediate panes 4 is prevented, which overheating could cause failure of the intermediate panes 4, the edge sealant 6 and the butyl sealant.
  • an excessive heating is expected, which is why insulating glass units with 4, 5 or even more chambers are generally unknown.
  • An exception to this is the aforementioned multichamber gas-filled unit disclosed in EP 2729635 B1 having a group of 4 sealed chambers and one open chamber, wherein the open chamber allows for ameliorating thermal stress due to heating.
  • the glass units 10 of figures 1 and 2 are specifically devised for applications in northern countries, where an upper bound for the thermal stress is assumed to occur at critical conditions that may be resembled by an outside temperature of 40°C, an inside temperature of 24°C and an insolation intensity of 783 W/m 2 .
  • the optical properties of the components of the unit 10 must be chosen such that an excessive heating under these critical conditions is prevented, but it is per se not obvious which optical parameters specifically need to be considered, nor how they interact in the internal heating of the glass unit 10.
  • the parameter T can be regarded as an estimate of the peak temperature in °C among the intermediate panes employed in the unit. This has been confirmed by a large number of simulations of different constructions of glass units.
  • the thermal stress to the panes 4, the butyl sealing and the edge sealing 6 is found to be tolerable, such that non-strengthened intermediate panes 4 and cheap sealing materials can be used, thereby keeping the total costs of the glass unit 10 low.
  • the insulating glass unit 10 of Fig. 2 has a height of 1500 mm and a width of 1000 mm.
  • the outer pane 1 is a solar control pane of 8 mm toughened glass, which on its inner side is coated with a spectrally selective coating with a solar direct transmission ⁇ e,outer of 0.245 and a solar direct absorption ⁇ e,outer of 0.45.
  • the three intermediate panes 4 are polymer films having a solar direct absorption ⁇ e,inter of 0.11 and a low emissivity coating with a corrected emissivity ⁇ of 0.11.
  • the pane 4.1 separating the open chamber 3.1 from the adjacent sealed chamber 3 is formed by a 4 mm thick tempered float glass having a solar direct absorption ⁇ e,inter of 0.15, and a low emissivity coating with an emissivity ⁇ of 0.034.
  • the four sealed chambers 3 are each filled with a mixture of 90% argon and 10% air.
  • a butyl sealant is provided between the spacers 5, foils 4 and glass panes 1, 4.1, 5, a butyl sealant is provided. All spacers 5, 5.1 have a width of 20 mm.
  • the entire unit is sealed with a 6 mm thick polysulfide edge sealant 6.
  • the unit 10 as a whole has a U-value of 0.29 W/(m 2 K), a solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) of 0.17 and a visible light transmission of 29%.
  • SHGC solar heat gain coefficient
  • the unit 10 was tested with the program Window 7.2.39 for the temperature distribution among the components of the unit 10 at the aforementioned "critical conditions" (insulation 783 W/m 2 , outside temperature 40°C with calm clear sky conditions, interior temperature 24°C), with the thermal calculations carried out according to ISO 15099 and NFRC insulation standard.
  • the temperatures of the panes from outside pane 1 to inside pane 2 thus obtained were 64, 75, 71, 60, 39, and 31°C. In other words, the temperature of all intermediate panes was kept below 80°C.
  • a value of 73 is obtained, which is indeed very close to the peak temperature observed among the intermediate panes 4 at 75°C.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Unité de verre isolant à plusieurs chambres remplie de gaz (10), comprenant :
    une vitre externe (1) présentant une transmittance solaire directe τe,externe selon la norme EN 410:2011 et une absorbance solaire directe αe,externe selon la norme EN 410:2011,
    une vitre interne (2),
    au moins trois chambres (3, 3.1) disposées entre lesdites vitres externe et interne, les chambres adjacentes (3) étant séparées par des vitres intermédiaires (4, 4.1), les deux vitres intermédiaires (4) les plus proches de ladite vitre externe (1) présentant une valeur moyenne av(αe,inter) de l'absorbance solaire directe αe,inter selon la norme EN 410:2011,
    lesdites chambres (3) comprenant un groupe de chambres scellées (3), ledit groupe de chambres scellées (3) dans son ensemble étant hermétiquement scellé, et chacune desdites chambres (3) parmi ledit groupe de chambres scellées étant remplie d'un gaz isolant présentant une conductivité thermique de λ,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les valeurs de τe,externe, αe,externe, av(αe,inter) et le nombre total N des vitres externe, interne et intermédiaires (1, 2, 4, 4.1) sont choisis de telle sorte qu'un paramètre T, défini comme étant :
    T = 106 • α e , externe 0.07 • τ e , externe 0,32 • av α e , inter 0,32 • N 1 + λ − λ ar λ kr − λ ar • 0,4 0,466
    Figure imgb0006
     obéit à T < 80,
    où λ ar• représente la conductivité thermique d'un mélange de 90 % d'argon et 10 % d'air et λkr représente la conductivité thermique d'un mélange de 95 % de krypton et 5 % d'air,
    où les valeurs de λ, de N et de l'émissivité corrigée ε desdites vitres sont choisies de telle sorte que la valeur U de la norme EN 673:2011 soit inférieure à 0,5 W/(m2 • K), où la transmittance solaire directe τe,externe de la vitre externe (1) vaut 0,5 ou moins et/ou ladite vitre externe (1) étant équipée d'un système pour changer dynamiquement la valeur de τe,externe, ledit système permettant de réduire la valeur de τe,externe à 0,6 ou moins, et où av(αe,inter) vaut 0,15 ou moins.
  2. Unité de verre (10) selon la revendication 1, lesdites valeurs de τe,externe, αe,externe, av(αe,inter) et N sont choisies de telle sorte que T > 50, de préférence T > 55 et plus préférablement T > 60.
  3. Unité de verre (10) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, lesdites valeurs de λ, de N et de l'émissivité corrigée ε desdites vitres étant choisies de telle sorte que la valeur U de la norme EN 673:2011 soit inférieure à 0,3 W/(m2 • K).
  4. Unité de verre (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, ledit nombre de chambres (3, 3.1) étant compris entre 3 et 7, de préférence 4 ou 5, et plus préférablement 5 et/ou
    chacune desdites chambres (3, 3.1) présentant une largeur supérieure à 5 mm, de préférence supérieure à 8 mm, idéalement supérieure à 12 mm.
  5. Unité de verre (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, toutes lesdites chambres (3) au sein dudit groupe de chambres scellées (3) étant scellées individuellement de manière à empêcher tout échange de gaz avec d'autres chambres (3) parmi ledit groupe de chambres scellées (3), ou une partie et en particulier la totalité desdites chambres (3) parmi ledit groupe de chambres scellées (3) n'étant pas scellées individuellement les unes par rapport aux autres de manière à permettre un échange de gaz et une égalisation de pression parmi lesdites chambres non scellées individuellement (3).
  6. Unité de verre (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, toutes lesdites chambres (3) faisant partie dudit groupe de chambres scellées (3), ou
    ladite unité (10) comprenant une chambre ouverte (3.1) qui permet une égalisation de la pression avec une atmosphère environnante de ladite unité (10), en particulier l'extérieur d'un bâtiment dans lequel l'unité doit être installée,
    ladite chambre ouverte (3.1) étant de préférence adjacente à ladite vitre interne (2) de ladite unité.
  7. Unité de verre (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, une partie ou la totalité des vitres intermédiaires (4) séparant les chambres au sein du groupe de chambres scellées (3) étant formées par :
    - des feuilles de verre, en particulier des feuilles de verre non renforcé, ou
    - des feuilles ou films de polymère transparents, en particulier des films de polyester.
  8. Unité de verre (10) selon la revendication 7, ladite partie ou totalité des vitres intermédiaires (4) étant formée de verre monolithique ayant une épaisseur de 1,9 à 4,0 mm, de préférence de 2,0 à 3,0 mm, et/ou
    ladite partie ou totalité des vitres intermédiaires (4) étant fabriquées à partir de verre affiné présentant une faible teneur d'oxydes de fer.
  9. Unité de verre (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, av(αe,inter) valant 0,11 ou moins, et de préférence 0,09 ou moins.
  10. Unité de verre (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, une partie ou la totalité des vitres intermédiaires (4, 4.1) étant équipées d'un revêtement à faible émissivité présentant une émissivité corrigée ε selon la norme EN 410:2011 dans la plage de 0,020 à 0,120, de préférence dans la plage de 0,030 à 0,050, et idéalement dans la plage de 0,033 à 0,037.
  11. Unité de verre (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 10, ladite vitre intermédiaire (4.1) séparant la chambre ouverte de l'une adjacente des chambres (3) du groupe de chambres scellées (3) étant fabriquée en verre flotté trempé ou en verre chimiquement renforcé, ayant de préférence une épaisseur de 2,0 à 6,0 mm.
  12. Unité de verre (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, une partie ou la totalité des vitres intermédiaires (4, 4.1) étant espacées d'une vitre adjacente parmi la vitre externe (1), ladite vitre interne (2) ou les autres vitres intermédiaires (4, 4.1) au moyen d'une entretoise (5), notamment une entretoise dotée d'une barrière métallique contre les gaz,
    la largeur d'une partie ou de la totalité desdites entretoises (5) étant de préférence
    - entre 16 et 24 mm, de préférence entre 18 et 20 mm dans le cas où lesdites chambres (3) au sein du groupe de chambres scellées (3) sont majoritairement remplies d'argon ou d'air, et en particulier par un mélange argon-air, ou
    - entre 12 et 18 mm, de préférence entre 14 et 16 mm dans le cas où lesdites chambres au sein du groupe de chambres scellées (3) sont principalement remplies de krypton, et en particulier d'un mélange krypton-air.
  13. Unité de verre (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, ladite vitre externe (1) étant spectralement sélective en ce que la transmittance pour la lumière NIR invisible est inférieure à celle de la lumière visible, en particulier d'un facteur d'au moins 2, de préférence d'un facteur d'au moins 4, ou
    ledit système pour changer dynamiquement la valeur de τe,externe de la vitre externe (1) est un système photochromatique, thermochromatique ou électro-chromatique.
  14. Unité de verre (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, l'absorption solaire directe αe,externe de ladite vitre externe (1) étant comprise entre 0 et 0,9, de préférence entre 0,1 et 0,5, et/ou ladite vitre externe (1) étant pourvue d'un revêtement à faible émissivité sur un ou deux côtés, et/ou
    lesdites vitres externe et/ou interne (1, 2) étant pourvues d'un ou plusieurs revêtements qui assurent un auto-nettoyage et / ou une faible réflexion, et/ou
    ladite vitre externe (1) étant une vitre monolithique ou composite ayant une épaisseur de 4 mm ou plus, et/ou
    ladite vitre interne (2) étant une vitre monolithique ou composite ayant une épaisseur de 3 mm ou plus, ou
    ladite vitre interne (2) étant une unité de verre isolant à un ou deux espaces, ou ladite vitre interne (2) étant un verre de sécurité, en particulier un verre trempé ayant une épaisseur de 5 mm ou plus, ou un verre feuilleté de deux vitres ou plus ayant chacune une épaisseur d'au moins 4 mm, un ou plusieurs films de polymère, en particulier un ou plusieurs films de PVB étant empilés entre elles, et/ou
    ladite unité de verre (10) ayant une épaisseur totale d'au moins 47 mm, de préférence d'au moins 69 mm.
  15. Unité de verre (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, ladite unité de verre (10) étant un élément de construction pour utilisation dans la construction d'enveloppes ou de façades.
EP16199627.7A 2016-11-18 2016-11-18 Unité de verre isolant à plusieurs chambres remplie de gaz Active EP3323952B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK16199627.7T DK3323952T3 (da) 2016-11-18 2016-11-18 Gasfyldt, isoleret flerkammerglasenhed
SI201630890T SI3323952T1 (sl) 2016-11-18 2016-11-18 Večkomorna s plinom polnjena izolirana steklena enota
EP16199627.7A EP3323952B1 (fr) 2016-11-18 2016-11-18 Unité de verre isolant à plusieurs chambres remplie de gaz
PL16199627T PL3323952T3 (pl) 2016-11-18 2016-11-18 Wielokomorowa izolowana gazem szyba zespolona
PCT/EP2017/079420 WO2018091576A1 (fr) 2016-11-18 2017-11-16 Unité de verre isolée remplie de gaz à chambres multiples

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16199627.7A EP3323952B1 (fr) 2016-11-18 2016-11-18 Unité de verre isolant à plusieurs chambres remplie de gaz

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3323952A1 EP3323952A1 (fr) 2018-05-23
EP3323952B1 true EP3323952B1 (fr) 2020-07-08

Family

ID=57354232

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16199627.7A Active EP3323952B1 (fr) 2016-11-18 2016-11-18 Unité de verre isolant à plusieurs chambres remplie de gaz

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3323952B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK3323952T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL3323952T3 (fr)
SI (1) SI3323952T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018091576A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020112754A1 (fr) * 2018-11-30 2020-06-04 Corning Incorporated Unités de verre isolées dotées de vitres centrales à faible cte

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SI23806A (sl) 2011-07-04 2013-01-31 CBS Inštitut, celovite gradbene rešitve d.o.o. Večkomorni plinsko polnjeni gradbeni panel

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SI3323952T1 (sl) 2020-10-30
WO2018091576A1 (fr) 2018-05-24
DK3323952T3 (da) 2020-09-14
EP3323952A1 (fr) 2018-05-23
PL3323952T3 (pl) 2020-11-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Kralj et al. Investigations of 6-pane glazing: Properties and possibilities
Ghoshal et al. Advance glazing system–energy efficiency approach for buildings a review
JP6332813B2 (ja) 超断熱複層ガラス
AU597845B2 (en) Glazing units
EP3214252B1 (fr) Châssis à vitres multiples
EP3347315B1 (fr) Fenêtre à plusieurs vitrages comportant une couche à faible émissivité et un verre photochromique
EP3526435B1 (fr) Élément vitré avec étanchéité améliorée
EP3323952B1 (fr) Unité de verre isolant à plusieurs chambres remplie de gaz
CZ106196A3 (en) External wall assembly for buildings, particularly a building element in the building wall non-transparent section
RU2526439C2 (ru) Изолирующее многослойное остекление
WO2005001214A1 (fr) Panneau transparent d&#39;isolation thermique et de conservation de chaleur
EP3942143B1 (fr) Unité de vitrage à isolation par le vide asymétrique
EP3942141B1 (fr) Unité de vitrage à isolation par le vide asymétrique
US20220065027A1 (en) Asymmetrical vacuum-insulated glazing unit
PL72505Y1 (pl) Pakiet szybowy jednokomorowy
Woodard et al. Role of suspended films in insulated glass units
Lourens An overview of current glazing options to improve thermal performance: perspective
WO2004083585A2 (fr) Perfectionnements apportes et ayant trait a des unites de vitrage

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20181122

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: KRALJ, ALES

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20190904

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: HALILOVIC, MIROSLAV

Inventor name: KRALJ, ALES

Inventor name: ZNIDARSIC, MATJAZ

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20200207

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1288575

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20200715

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602016039429

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

Effective date: 20200908

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: TR-IP CONSULTING LLC, CH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NO

Ref legal event code: T2

Effective date: 20200708

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: FP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20201008

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20201109

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20201009

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20201108

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602016039429

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20210409

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201118

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201118

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20210928

Year of fee payment: 6

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200708

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: UEP

Ref document number: 1288575

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20200708

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20221130

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20231009

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20231009

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Payment date: 20231009

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20231009

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: NO

Payment date: 20231010

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20231010

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20231009

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20231202

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20231009

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Payment date: 20231010

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20231009

Year of fee payment: 8