EP3315751A1 - Cylinder head with attached exhaust manifold of a combustion engine - Google Patents

Cylinder head with attached exhaust manifold of a combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3315751A1
EP3315751A1 EP17196963.7A EP17196963A EP3315751A1 EP 3315751 A1 EP3315751 A1 EP 3315751A1 EP 17196963 A EP17196963 A EP 17196963A EP 3315751 A1 EP3315751 A1 EP 3315751A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
exhaust
flange
exhaust manifold
bushing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17196963.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3315751B1 (en
Inventor
Johannes Hollweck
Ulrich Boehme
Tobias Arroyo Böttcher
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MAN Truck and Bus SE
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MAN Truck and Bus SE
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3315751A1 publication Critical patent/EP3315751A1/en
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Publication of EP3315751B1 publication Critical patent/EP3315751B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4264—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of exhaust channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/102—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/105—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having the form of a chamber directly connected to the cylinder head, e.g. without having tubes connected between cylinder head and chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4264—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of exhaust channels
    • F02F1/4271—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of exhaust channels with an exhaust liner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F11/00—Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines 
    • F02F11/002—Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines  involving cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F2001/008—Stress problems, especially related to thermal stress

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder head with a connected exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the cylinder head has an exhaust passage downstream of an exhaust valve that terminates at an outer cylinder head interface.
  • An exhaust manifold with an associated exhaust manifold connection surface is connected to this cylinder head connection surface by means of a screw connection, in such a way that the exhaust duct of the cylinder head is continued in the exhaust manifold.
  • an exhaust manifold seal is fitted between the cylinder head interface and the exhaust manifold interface.
  • coolant passages through which coolant flows are located in the cylinder head.
  • a cylinder head has a plurality of exhaust ducts, are connected to the respective exhaust manifold of an exhaust manifold.
  • the hot exhaust gas is passed through the exhaust passage in the exhaust manifold, optionally in a turbocharger and then further via silencers to the outside.
  • a large amount of heat energy is released into the cooling medium flowing through the cylinder head.
  • components in the vicinity of the exhaust duct can be thermally loaded inadmissibly and, if necessary, damaged.
  • the exhaust gas is thereby deprived of energy, which could be used by energy conversion, for example, in a downstream exhaust gas turbocharger.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the thermal load in the region of an exhaust passage of the cylinder head with a simple, cost-effective solution and also to provide a simple low-cost Auspuffkrümmerabdichtung available.
  • a cylinder head with a connected exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine wherein the cylinder head has at least one exhaust passage, which ends at an outer cylinder head surface, is connected to the associated with an associated exhaust manifold connecting surface of the exhaust passage continuing exhaust manifold, preferably by means of at least a screw connection is connected.
  • a flange bush insert made of a bushing part and an end flange part is inserted into the exhaust gas passage of the cylinder head.
  • the bushing part has at least one radially protruding, circumferential bead as a spacer and sealing element, with which the bushing part rests against the exhaust-gas channel inner wall.
  • the flange protrudes radially in an annular disk-shaped manner at the outer end of the flange bushing and is tightly clamped between the cylinder head connection surface and the exhaust manifold connecting surface, preferably clamped as a sealing flange, most preferably clamped as a sealing flange and for axial bushing fixation, such that between the exhaust duct Inner wall and the female part outer wall and between the flange and an axially adjacent bead and / or between two axially adjacent beads a decoupled from an exhaust gas flow, thermally insulating, circumferential insulating gap is formed with a gap width corresponding to the bead height.
  • the simply trained and inexpensive to produce flange bushing insert has two functions, namely the thermal insulation of the exhaust passage and the sealing of the exhaust manifold. These two functions are integrated into a single component with advantages in manufacturing, procurement, logistics and assembly.
  • a further advantage consists in that the bushing part connected thereto is fixed in the exhaust duct so as to be axially non-slidable and rotationally fixed by the flange part sealingly fixed between the exhaust duct and the exhaust manifold.
  • the thermal insulation takes place here essentially by the principle of air gap insulation in the insulating gap.
  • a thermal insulating element and / or material preferably in the Isolierspalt Harbor, at least in partial areas of the insulating gap on the female part outer wall, be mounted, in particular as a coating and / or plugged Isoliermaterialbuchse and / or as e.g. mounted insulating material shell (s).
  • the flange bushing insert is made in one piece and / or of the same material of a heat-resistant and / or elastic material, in particular of a metallic material.
  • At least one bead in the axial bushing part end region opposite to the flange part can be arranged to form an axially as possible insulating gap.
  • the Buchsenteilin corresponds as far as the exhaust duct length in the cylinder head.
  • the flange is according to a particularly preferred specific embodiment and in particular for an exact arrangement and / or fixing in an annular groove of the cylinder head pad.
  • the flange part between the cylinder head connection surface and the exhaust manifold connection surface is preferably clamped as a sealing flange or as a sealing flange and for axial bushing fixation.
  • the flange part axially with at least one circumferential, preferably elastically formed bead on the cylinder head-pad, preferably in the annular groove of the cylinder head-pad, supported.
  • the flange protrudes here so axially from in the direction of the exhaust manifold or is so over that it clamps the flange as a sealing element during assembly.
  • a flange projecting in the direction of the exhaust manifold, in particular protruding or protruding, sealing ring can be provided on the flange.
  • a combination of both configurations (bead and sealing ring) is also possible.
  • thermal insulation of an exhaust duct with the flange bush insert according to the invention can be used in particular in an internal combustion engine of a vehicle, in particular of a commercial vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through an exhaust passage 1 of a cylinder head 2 of an internal combustion engine shown.
  • the exhaust duct 1 is located downstream of an outlet valve 3 and is partially surrounded by cooling medium flowed through cooling channels 4, 5.
  • the exhaust duct 1 terminates at an outer cylinder head connection surface 6, to which an exhaust manifold 8 with its associated exhaust manifold connection surface 9 is here connected in an exhaust gas-tight manner by way of example by means of a plurality of screw connections or screw connections 7.
  • a flange bushing insert 10 is used in a straight-line area, with further details in the FIGS. 2a and 2b is shown enlarged:
  • the flange bushing insert 10 is constructed here from a socket part 11 and an end-side flange part 12.
  • the bushing part 11 opposite to the flange 12 has two adjacent beads 13 a, 13 b as spacers and sealing elements with which the female part 11 abuts the exhaust passage inner wall.
  • a thermally insulating, circumferential insulating gap 14 is formed as an air gap corresponding to the bead height between the flange 12 and the bead 13b.
  • FIG. 2b In a second, alternative embodiment according to FIG. 2b (lower area of FIG. 2 ) is opposite to the flange 12 only a circumferential bead as a spacer and sealing element attached and the socket part has on the outside a thermal insulating and / or material, here for example a coating 16 with thermally insulating material, which the air gap of the first embodiment according to FIG. 2a fills and here only by way of example still extends into the region of the flange 12.
  • a thermal insulating and / or material here for example a coating 16 with thermally insulating material, which the air gap of the first embodiment according to FIG. 2a fills and here only by way of example still extends into the region of the flange 12.
  • the coating it would also be possible to provide an attachable insulating material beech or at least one insulating material shell, which are then constructed substantially identically to the coating 16 with respect to the installation state shown.
  • the flange 12 is exemplary here in both embodiments Figure 2a and 2b each in an annular groove 17 of the cylinder head pad 6 a.
  • the flange 12 is supported axially with an encircling, elastic bead 18 on the cylinder head connection surface 6 or in the annular groove 17 of the cylinder head connection surface 6 and protrudes axially in the direction of the exhaust manifold 8 from or is so over that this at the assembly clamps the flange 12 as a sealing element.
  • FIG. 2b for example, on the flange 12 a projecting in the direction of the exhaust manifold 8 sealing ring 19, optionally of the same material with the coating 16 applied.
  • sealing solutions (bead 18 and sealing ring 19) on the cylinder part 12 can also be used here in combination with each other and can be used reversed, ie the sealing ring 19 in conjunction of the embodiment in the upper region of FIG. 2b and the bead solution 18 in conjunction with the embodiment in the lower region of FIG. 2b ,
  • the flange bushing insert 10 here two functions, namely the thermal insulation of the exhaust passage 1 with the female part 11 and the sealing of the exhaust manifold 8 are combined with the flange 12 in a single component, its manufacture and assembly is possible in a very simple manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zylinderkopf mit angeschlossenem Auspuffkrümmer einer Brennkraftmaschine, wobei der Zylinderkopf (2) wenigstens einen Abgaskanal (1) aufweist, der an einer äußeren Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche (6) endet, an der mit einer zugeordneten Auspuffkrümmer-Anschlussfläche (9) der den Abgaskanal (1) weiterführende Auspuffkrümmer (8) angeschlossen ist, vorzugsweise mittels wenigstens einer Schraubverbindung (7) angeschlossen ist. Erfindungsgemäß ist in den Abgaskanal (1) des Zylinderkopfs (2) ein Flanschbuchsen-Einsatz (10) aus einem Buchsenteil (11) und einem endseitigen Flanschteil (12) eingesetzt. Das Buchsenteil (11) weist wenigstens eine radial abstehende, umlaufende Sicke (13a, 13b; 15) als Abstandshalter und Dichtelement auf, mit der das Buchsenteil (11) an der Abgaskanal-Innenwand anliegt. Das Flanschteil (12) ragt ringscheibenförmig, radial am äußeren Ende des Flanschbuchsen-Einsatzes (10) ab, und ist zwischen der Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche (6) und der Auspuffkrümmer-Anschlussfläche (9), insbesondere dicht, eingespannt, dergestalt, dass zwischen der Abgaskanal-Innenwand und der Buchsenteil-Außenwand sowie zwischen dem Flanschteil (12) und einer axial nächstliegenden Sicke (13b) und/oder zwischen zwei axial nebeneinanderliegenden Sicken (13a, 13b) ein von einer Abgasströmung abgekoppelter, thermisch isolierender, umlaufender Isolierspalt (14) mit einer Spaltbreite entsprechend der Sickenhöhe gebildet ist.The invention relates to a cylinder head with a connected exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine, wherein the cylinder head (2) has at least one exhaust passage (1) which terminates at an outer cylinder head pad (6) at the associated with an exhaust manifold connecting surface (9) of the Exhaust duct (1) further exhaust manifold (8) is connected, preferably by means of at least one screw (7) is connected. According to the invention, a flange bushing insert (10) comprising a bushing part (11) and an end flange part (12) is inserted into the exhaust gas duct (1) of the cylinder head (2). The bushing part (11) has at least one radially protruding, circumferential bead (13a, 13b; 15) as a spacer and sealing element, with which the bushing part (11) rests against the exhaust-gas channel inner wall. The flange (12) protrudes annularly, radially from the outer end of the Flanschbuchsen insert (10), and is between the cylinder head-pad (6) and the exhaust manifold connection surface (9), in particular tight, clamped, such that between the Exhaust duct inner wall and the bush outer wall and between the flange (12) and an axially adjacent bead (13b) and / or between two axially adjacent beads (13a, 13b), a thermally insulating, circumferential insulating gap (14) uncoupled from an exhaust gas flow is formed with a gap width corresponding to the bead height.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zylinderkopf mit angeschlossenem Auspuffkrümmer einer Brennkraftmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a cylinder head with a connected exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

In einer allgemein bekannten Anordnung weist der Zylinderkopf nach einem Auslassventil einen Abgaskanal auf, der an einer äußeren Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche endet. An dieser Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche ist mittels einer Verschraubung ein Auspuffkrümmer mit einer zugeordneten Auspuffkrümmer-Anschlussfläche angeschlossen, dergestalt, dass der Abgaskanal des Zylinderkopfs im Auspuffkrümmer weitergeführt wird.In a well known arrangement, the cylinder head has an exhaust passage downstream of an exhaust valve that terminates at an outer cylinder head interface. An exhaust manifold with an associated exhaust manifold connection surface is connected to this cylinder head connection surface by means of a screw connection, in such a way that the exhaust duct of the cylinder head is continued in the exhaust manifold.

Für einen abgasdichten Anschluss des Auspuffkrümmers am Zylinderkopf ist zwischen der Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche und der Auspuffkrümmer-Anschlussfläche eine Auspuffkrümmerabdichtung angebracht. Im Bereich des Abgaskanals liegen im Zylinderkopf von einem Kühlmittel durchströmte Kühlmittelkanäle. Je nach Anzahl der Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine und deren Anordnung weist ein Zylinderkopf mehrere Abgaskanäle auf, an die jeweils Auspuffkrümmer eines Abgassammlers angeschlossen sind.For an exhaust-tight connection of the exhaust manifold to the cylinder head, an exhaust manifold seal is fitted between the cylinder head interface and the exhaust manifold interface. In the area of the exhaust gas passage, coolant passages through which coolant flows are located in the cylinder head. Depending on the number of cylinders of the internal combustion engine and their arrangement, a cylinder head has a plurality of exhaust ducts, are connected to the respective exhaust manifold of an exhaust manifold.

Bei einer gattungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschine wird das heiße Abgas über den Abgaskanal in den Auspuffkrümmer, gegebenenfalls in einen Turbolader und dann weiter über Schalldämpfer ins Freie geleitet. Bei einer üblicherweise flüssigkeitsgekühlten Brennkraftmaschine wird viel Wärmeenergie in das den Zylinderkopf durchströmende Kühlmedium abgegeben. Dadurch können Bauteile in Abgaskanalnähe thermisch unzulässig belastet und gegebenenfalls geschädigt werden. Zudem wird dadurch dem Abgas Energie entzogen, die durch Energieumsetzung beispielsweise in einem nachgeschalteten Abgasturbolader genutzt werden könnte.In a generic internal combustion engine, the hot exhaust gas is passed through the exhaust passage in the exhaust manifold, optionally in a turbocharger and then further via silencers to the outside. In a usually liquid-cooled internal combustion engine, a large amount of heat energy is released into the cooling medium flowing through the cylinder head. As a result, components in the vicinity of the exhaust duct can be thermally loaded inadmissibly and, if necessary, damaged. In addition, the exhaust gas is thereby deprived of energy, which could be used by energy conversion, for example, in a downstream exhaust gas turbocharger.

Es sind bereits Maßnahmen im Stand der Technik bekannt, mit denen eine solche thermische Belastung reduziert werden soll. Bei einer ersten bekannten Maßnahme wird an der Innenwand des Auslasskanals eine thermisch isolierende Beschichtung angebracht (FA. NEMAK GmbH). Bei einer anderen Maßnahme, die ebenfalls die thermische Belastung reduzieren soll, ist der Abgaskanal im Zylinderkopf komplett in Keramik ausgeführt. Ersichtlich handelt es sich hier nachteilig um aufwendige, kostenintensive Lösungen. Zudem sind auch hier unabhängig von der angestrebten Reduzierung der thermischen Belastung für den abgasdichten Anschluss eines Auspuffkrümmers separate Auspuffkrümmerabdichtungen vorzusehen.There are already known measures in the prior art, with which such a thermal load to be reduced. In a first known measure, a thermally insulating coating is applied to the inner wall of the outlet channel (FA.NEMAK GmbH). In another measure, which should also reduce the thermal load, the exhaust passage in the cylinder head is completely made of ceramics. Obviously, this is disadvantageous to elaborate, cost-intensive solutions. In addition, here too, regardless of the desired reduction of the thermal load for the exhaust gas-tight Connection of an exhaust manifold to provide separate exhaust manifold seals.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, mit einer einfachen, kostengünstigen Lösung die thermische Belastung im Bereich eines Abgaskanals des Zylinderkopfs zu reduzieren und zudem eine einfache kostengünstige Auspuffkrümmerabdichtung zur Verfügung zu stellen.The object of the invention is to reduce the thermal load in the region of an exhaust passage of the cylinder head with a simple, cost-effective solution and also to provide a simple low-cost Auspuffkrümmerabdichtung available.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This object is achieved with the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Gemäß Anspruch 1 ist ein Zylinderkopf mit einem angeschlossenen Auspuffkrümmer einer Brennkraftmaschine vorgesehen, wobei der Zylinderkopf wenigstens einen Abgaskanal aufweist, der an einer äußeren Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche endet, an der mit einer zugeordneten Auspuffkrümmer-Anschlussfläche der den Abgaskanal weiterführende Auspuffkrümmer angeschlossen ist, vorzugsweise mittels wenigstens einer Schraubverbindung angeschlossen ist. Erfindungsgemäß ist in den Abgaskanal des Zylinderkopfs ein Flanschbuchsen-Einsatz aus einem Buchsenteil und einem endseitigen Flanschteil eingesetzt. Das Buchsenteil weist wenigstens eine radial abstehende, umlaufende Sicke als Abstandshalter und Dichtelement auf, mit der das Buchsenteil an der Abgaskanal-Innenwand anliegt. Das Flanschteil ragt ringscheibenförmig radial am äußeren Ende der Flanschbuchse ab und ist zwischen der Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche und der Auspuffkrümmer-Anschlussfläche dicht eingespannt, und zwar bevorzugt als Dichtflansch eingespannt, höchst bevorzugt als Dichtflansch und zur axialen Buchsenfixierung eingespannt, dergestalt, dass zwischen der Abgaskanal-Innenwand und der Buchsenteil-Außenwand sowie zwischen dem Flanschteil und einer axial nächstliegenden Sicke und/oder zwischen zwei axial nebeneinanderliegenden Sicken ein von einer Abgasströmung abgekoppelter, thermisch isolierender, umlaufender Isolierspalt mit einer Spaltbreite entsprechend der Sickenhöhe gebildet ist.According to claim 1, a cylinder head with a connected exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine is provided, wherein the cylinder head has at least one exhaust passage, which ends at an outer cylinder head surface, is connected to the associated with an associated exhaust manifold connecting surface of the exhaust passage continuing exhaust manifold, preferably by means of at least a screw connection is connected. According to the invention, a flange bush insert made of a bushing part and an end flange part is inserted into the exhaust gas passage of the cylinder head. The bushing part has at least one radially protruding, circumferential bead as a spacer and sealing element, with which the bushing part rests against the exhaust-gas channel inner wall. The flange protrudes radially in an annular disk-shaped manner at the outer end of the flange bushing and is tightly clamped between the cylinder head connection surface and the exhaust manifold connecting surface, preferably clamped as a sealing flange, most preferably clamped as a sealing flange and for axial bushing fixation, such that between the exhaust duct Inner wall and the female part outer wall and between the flange and an axially adjacent bead and / or between two axially adjacent beads a decoupled from an exhaust gas flow, thermally insulating, circumferential insulating gap is formed with a gap width corresponding to the bead height.

Vorteilhaft hat der einfach ausgebildete und kostengünstig herstellbare Flanschbuchsen-Einsatz zwei Funktionen, nämlich die thermische Isolierung des Abgaskanals sowie die Abdichtung des Auspuffkrümmers. Diese beiden Funktionen sind hier in einem einzigen Bauteil integriert mit Vorteilen bei der Herstellung, Beschaffung, Logistik und Montage.Advantageously, the simply trained and inexpensive to produce flange bushing insert has two functions, namely the thermal insulation of the exhaust passage and the sealing of the exhaust manifold. These two functions are integrated into a single component with advantages in manufacturing, procurement, logistics and assembly.

Mit einer sich über die gesamte Abgaskanallänge des Zylinderkopfs erstreckenden Buchsenteillänge, gegebenenfalls auch bereits mit einer Teillänge, wird eine thermische Isolierung des Abgaskanals im Zylinderkopf erreicht, womit dessen Wärmebelastung deutlich reduziert werden kann. Damit wird erreicht, dass einerseits weniger Wärmeenergie über das Kühlmedium abgeführt werden muss, so dass dadurch vorteilhaft die Dimension einer Kühlanlage reduziert werden kann. Andererseits verbleibt durch die thermische Isolierung mehr Wärmeenergie im Abgas, die für eine erhöhte Energieumsetzung insbesondere in einem Abgasturbolader genutzt werden kann.With an extending over the entire exhaust passage length of the cylinder head bush pitch, possibly even with a partial length, a thermal insulation of the exhaust passage is achieved in the cylinder head, which significantly reduces its heat load can be. This ensures that, on the one hand, less heat energy has to be dissipated via the cooling medium, so that advantageously the dimension of a cooling system can be reduced. On the other hand remains through the thermal insulation more heat energy in the exhaust gas, which can be used for increased energy conversion, especially in an exhaust gas turbocharger.

Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, dass durch das zwischen dem Abgaskanal und dem Auspuffkrümmer dichtend fixierte Flanschteil auch das damit verbundene Buchsenteil axial unverrutschbar und verdrehfest im Abgaskanal fixiert ist.A further advantage consists in that the bushing part connected thereto is fixed in the exhaust duct so as to be axially non-slidable and rotationally fixed by the flange part sealingly fixed between the exhaust duct and the exhaust manifold.

Die thermische Isolation erfolgt hier im Wesentlichen durch das Prinzip der Luftspaltisolierung im Isolierspalt.The thermal insulation takes place here essentially by the principle of air gap insulation in the insulating gap.

Anstelle von Luft kann alternativ zumindest in Teilbereichen des Isolierspalts auf der Buchsenteil-Außenwand auch ein thermisches Isolierelement und/oder -material, vorzusweise in der Isolierspaltbreite, angebracht sein, insbesondere als Beschichtung und/oder als aufgesteckte Isoliermaterialbuchse und/oder als z.B. aufgesteckte Isoliermaterialschale(n).Alternatively, instead of air, a thermal insulating element and / or material, preferably in the Isolierspaltbreite, at least in partial areas of the insulating gap on the female part outer wall, be mounted, in particular as a coating and / or plugged Isoliermaterialbuchse and / or as e.g. mounted insulating material shell (s).

Zweckmäßig wird der Flanschbuchsen-Einsatz einstückig und/oder materialeinheitlich aus einem hitzebeständigen und/oder elastischen Material, insbesondere aus einem metallischen Werkstoff, hergestellt.Suitably, the flange bushing insert is made in one piece and / or of the same material of a heat-resistant and / or elastic material, in particular of a metallic material.

Gemäß einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung kann zur Ausbildung eines möglichst axial langen Isolierspalts wenigstens eine Sicke im axialen Buchsenteilendbereich gegenüberliegend zum Flanschteil angeordnet werden.According to a further particularly preferred embodiment, at least one bead in the axial bushing part end region opposite to the flange part can be arranged to form an axially as possible insulating gap.

Gemäß einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung entspricht die Buchsenteillänge möglichst der Abgaskanallänge im Zylinderkopf.According to a further particularly preferred embodiment, the Buchsenteillänge corresponds as far as the exhaust duct length in the cylinder head.

Das Flanschteil liegt gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten konkreten Ausgestaltung und insbesondere für eine exakte Anordnung und/oder Fixierung in einer Ringnut der Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche ein.The flange is according to a particularly preferred specific embodiment and in particular for an exact arrangement and / or fixing in an annular groove of the cylinder head pad.

Wie bereits zuvor erwähnt, ist das Flanschteil zwischen der Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche und der Auspuffkrümmer-Anschlussfläche bevorzugt als Dichtflansch oder als Dichtflansch und zur axialen Buchsenfixierung eingespannt. Hierzu kann gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform vorgesehen sein, dass sich der Flanschteil axial mit wenigstens einer umlaufenden, vorzugsweise elastisch ausgebildeten Sicke an der Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche, vorzugsweise in der Ringnut der Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche, abstützt. Bevorzugt ragt der Flanschteil hier so axial in Richtung des Auspuffkrümmers ab bzw. steht so über, dass dieser bei der Montage das Flanschteil als Dichtelement einspannt. In einer hierzu alternativen Ausgestaltung kann am Flanschteil aber auch ein in Richtung des Auspuffkrümmers ragender, insbesondere abragender bzw. überstehender, Dichtring vorgesehen werden. Auch eine Kombination beider Ausgestaltungen (Sicke und Dichtring) ist grundsätzlich möglich.As already mentioned above, the flange part between the cylinder head connection surface and the exhaust manifold connection surface is preferably clamped as a sealing flange or as a sealing flange and for axial bushing fixation. For this purpose, it can be provided according to a first embodiment that the flange part axially with at least one circumferential, preferably elastically formed bead on the cylinder head-pad, preferably in the annular groove of the cylinder head-pad, supported. Preferably, the flange protrudes here so axially from in the direction of the exhaust manifold or is so over that it clamps the flange as a sealing element during assembly. In an alternative embodiment, however, a flange projecting in the direction of the exhaust manifold, in particular protruding or protruding, sealing ring can be provided on the flange. A combination of both configurations (bead and sealing ring) is also possible.

Die thermische Isolierung eines Abgaskanals mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Flanschbuchsen-Einsatz kann insbesondere bei einer Brennkraftmaschine eines Fahrzeugs, insbesondere eines Nutzfahrzeugs, eingesetzt werden.The thermal insulation of an exhaust duct with the flange bush insert according to the invention can be used in particular in an internal combustion engine of a vehicle, in particular of a commercial vehicle.

Anhand einer schematischen Zeichnung wird die Erfindung weiter beispielhaft näher erläutert.Based on a schematic drawing, the invention will be further explained by way of example.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen Schnitt durch einen Abgaskanals eines Zylinderkopfs mit angeschlossenem Auspuffkrümmer, und
Figur 2
zwei beispielhafte Ausführungsformen eines in einen Abgaskanal eingesteckten Flanschbuchsen-Einsatzes.
Show it:
FIG. 1
a section through an exhaust passage of a cylinder head with an attached exhaust manifold, and
FIG. 2
two exemplary embodiments of an inserted into an exhaust duct flange bushing insert.

In Figur 1 ist ein Längsschnitt durch einen Abgaskanal 1 eines Zylinderkopfs 2 einer Brennkraftmaschine dargestellt. Der Abgaskanal 1 liegt ausströmseitig nach einem Auslassventil 3 und ist teilweise von kühlmediumdurchströmten Kühlkanälen 4, 5 umgeben.In FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through an exhaust passage 1 of a cylinder head 2 of an internal combustion engine shown. The exhaust duct 1 is located downstream of an outlet valve 3 and is partially surrounded by cooling medium flowed through cooling channels 4, 5.

Der Abgaskanal 1 endet an einer äußeren Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche 6, an der hier beispielhaft mittels mehrerer Schraubverbindungen bzw. Verschraubungen 7 ein Auspuffkrümmer 8 mit seiner zugeordneten Auspuffkrümmer-Anschlussfläche 9 abgasdicht angeschlossen ist.The exhaust duct 1 terminates at an outer cylinder head connection surface 6, to which an exhaust manifold 8 with its associated exhaust manifold connection surface 9 is here connected in an exhaust gas-tight manner by way of example by means of a plurality of screw connections or screw connections 7.

In den Abgaskanal 1 ist in einem geradlinigen Bereich ein Flanschbuchsen-Einsatz 10 eingesetzt, der mit weiteren Details in den Figuren 2a und 2b vergrößert dargestellt ist:In the exhaust passage 1, a flange bushing insert 10 is used in a straight-line area, with further details in the FIGS. 2a and 2b is shown enlarged:

Der Flanschbuchsen-Einsatz 10 ist hier aus einem Buchsenteil 11 und einem endseitigen Flanschteil 12 aufgebaut.The flange bushing insert 10 is constructed here from a socket part 11 and an end-side flange part 12.

In einer ersten Ausführungsform nach Figur 2a (oberer Bereich von Figur 2) weist das Buchsenteil 11 gegenüberliegend zum Flanschteil 12 zwei nebeneinander liegende Sicken 13a, 13b als Abstandshalter und Dichtelemente auf, mit denen das Buchsenteil 11 an der Abgaskanal-Innenwand anliegt. Dadurch wird entsprechend der Sickenhöhe zwischen dem Flanschteil 12 und der Sicke 13b ein thermisch isolierender, umlaufender Isolierspalt 14 als Luftspalt ausgebildet.In a first embodiment according to FIG. 2a (upper area of FIG. 2 ), the bushing part 11 opposite to the flange 12 has two adjacent beads 13 a, 13 b as spacers and sealing elements with which the female part 11 abuts the exhaust passage inner wall. As a result, a thermally insulating, circumferential insulating gap 14 is formed as an air gap corresponding to the bead height between the flange 12 and the bead 13b.

In einer zweiten, alternativen Ausführungsform nach Figur 2b (unterer Bereich von Figur 2) ist gegenüberliegend zum Flanschteil 12 nur eine umlaufende Sicke als Abstandshalter und Dichtelement angebracht und das Buchsenteil weist außenseitig ein thermisches Isolierelement und/oder-material, hier beispielsweise eine Beschichtung 16 mit thermisch isolierendem Material, auf, die den Luftspalt der ersten Ausführungsform nach Figur 2a ausfüllt und sich hier lediglich beispielhaft noch in den Bereich des Flanschteils 12 erstreckt. Alternativ zur Beschichtung könnte auch eine aufsteckbare Isoliermaterial-Buche oder wenigstens eine Isoliermaterial- Schale vorgesehen werden, die dann bezüglich des gezeigten Einbauzustandes im Wesentlichen baugleich mit der Beschichtung 16 ausgebildet sind.In a second, alternative embodiment according to FIG. 2b (lower area of FIG. 2 ) is opposite to the flange 12 only a circumferential bead as a spacer and sealing element attached and the socket part has on the outside a thermal insulating and / or material, here for example a coating 16 with thermally insulating material, which the air gap of the first embodiment according to FIG. 2a fills and here only by way of example still extends into the region of the flange 12. As an alternative to the coating, it would also be possible to provide an attachable insulating material beech or at least one insulating material shell, which are then constructed substantially identically to the coating 16 with respect to the installation state shown.

Das Flanschteil 12 liegt hier beispielhaft bei beiden Ausführungsformen nach Figur 2a und Figur 2b jeweils in einer Ringnut 17 der Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche 6 ein. In der ersten Ausführungsform nach Figur 2a stützt sich der Flanschteil 12 axial mit einer umlaufenden, elastischen Sicke 18 an der Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche 6 bzw. in der Ringnut 17 der Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche 6 ab und ragt axial in Richtung des Auspuffkrümmers 8 so ab bzw. steht so über, dass dieser bei der Montage das Flanschteil 12 als Dichtelement einspannt. In der Ausführungsform nach Figur 2b ist hier beispielsweise am Flanschteil 12 ein in Richtung des Auspuffkrümmers 8 ragender Dichtring 19, gegebenenfalls materialeinheitlich mit der Beschichtung 16, aufgebracht. Es versteht sich, dass die Dichtlösungen (Sicke 18 und Dichtring 19) am Zylinderteil 12 hier ebenso in Kombination miteinander verwendet werden können als auch vertauscht verwendet werden können, d.h. der Dichtring 19 in Verbindung der Ausgestaltung im oberen Bereich der Figur 2b und die Sickenlösung 18 in Verbindung mit der Ausgestaltung im unteren Bereich der Figur 2b.The flange 12 is exemplary here in both embodiments Figure 2a and 2b each in an annular groove 17 of the cylinder head pad 6 a. In the first embodiment according to FIG. 2a The flange 12 is supported axially with an encircling, elastic bead 18 on the cylinder head connection surface 6 or in the annular groove 17 of the cylinder head connection surface 6 and protrudes axially in the direction of the exhaust manifold 8 from or is so over that this at the assembly clamps the flange 12 as a sealing element. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2b Here, for example, on the flange 12 a projecting in the direction of the exhaust manifold 8 sealing ring 19, optionally of the same material with the coating 16 applied. It is understood that the sealing solutions (bead 18 and sealing ring 19) on the cylinder part 12 can also be used here in combination with each other and can be used reversed, ie the sealing ring 19 in conjunction of the embodiment in the upper region of FIG. 2b and the bead solution 18 in conjunction with the embodiment in the lower region of FIG. 2b ,

Mit dem Flanschbuchsen-Einsatz 10 sind hier zwei Funktionen, nämlich die thermische Isolierung des Abgaskanals 1 mit dem Buchsenteil 11 und die Abdichtung des Auspuffkrümmers 8 mit dem Flanschteil 12 in einem einzigen Bauteil kombiniert, dessen Herstellung und Montage auf sehr einfache Weise möglich ist.With the flange bushing insert 10 here two functions, namely the thermal insulation of the exhaust passage 1 with the female part 11 and the sealing of the exhaust manifold 8 are combined with the flange 12 in a single component, its manufacture and assembly is possible in a very simple manner.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Abgaskanalexhaust duct
22
Zylinderkopfcylinder head
33
Auslassventiloutlet valve
44
Kühlkanalcooling channel
55
Kühlkanalcooling channel
66
Zylinderkopf-AnschlussflächeCylinder head pad
77
Verschraubungenfittings
88th
Auspuffkrümmerexhaust
99
Auspuffkrümmer-AnschlusstlächeExhaust-Anschlusstläche
1010
Flanschbuchsen-EinsatzFlanged insert
1111
Buchsenteilfemale connector
1212
Flanschteilflange
13a, 13b13a, 13b
Sickenbeading
1414
Isolierspaltinsulating gap
1515
SickeBeading
1616
Beschichtungcoating
1717
Ringnutring groove
1818
SickeBeading
1919
Dichtringseal

Claims (12)

Zylinderkopf mit angeschlossenem Auspuffkrümmer einer Brennkraftmaschine,
wobei der Zylinderkopf (2) wenigstens einen Abgaskanal (1) aufweist, der an einer äußeren Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche (6) endet, an der mit einer zugeordneten Auspuffkrümmer-Anschlussfläche (9) der den Abgaskanal (1) weiterführende Auspuffkrümmer (8) angeschlossen ist, vorzugsweise mittels wenigstens einer Schraubverbindung (7) angeschlossen ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass in den Abgaskanal (1) des Zylinderkopfs (2) ein Flanschbuchsen-Einsatz (10), der ein Buchsenteil (11) und ein endseitiges Flanschteil (12) aufweist, eingesetzt ist,
dass das Buchsenteil (11) wenigstens eine radial abstehende, umlaufende Sicke (13a, 13b; 15) als Abstandshalter und Dichtelement aufweist, mit der das Buchsenteil (11) an der Abgaskanal-Innenwand anliegt,
dass das Flanschteil (12) ringscheibenförmig, radial am äußeren Ende des Flanschbuchsen-Einsatzes (10) abragt und zwischen der Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche (6) und der Auspuffkrümmer-Anschlussfläche (9), vorzugsweise dicht, eingespannt ist, dergestalt
dass zwischen der Abgaskanal-Innenwand und der Buchsenteil-Außenwand sowie zwischen dem Flanschteil (12) und einer axial nächstliegenden Sicke (13b) und/oder zwischen zwei axial nebeneinanderliegenden Sicken (13a, 13b) ein von einer Abgasströmung abgekoppelter, thermisch isolierender, umlaufender Isolierspalt (14) mit einer Spaltbreite entsprechend der Sickenhöhe gebildet ist.Cylinder head with connected exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine,
wherein the cylinder head (2) has at least one exhaust passage (1) terminating at an outer cylinder head land (6) to which is connected an associated exhaust manifold land (9) of the exhaust manifold (8) continuing the exhaust passage (8) , is preferably connected by means of at least one screw connection (7),
characterized,
in that a flange bushing insert (10) having a bushing part (11) and an end-side flange part (12) is inserted into the exhaust gas duct (1) of the cylinder head (2),
in that the bushing part (11) has at least one radially protruding, circumferential bead (13a, 13b; 15) as a spacer and sealing element, with which the bushing part (11) bears against the exhaust-gas channel inner wall,
in that the flange part (12) protrudes in an annular disk-shaped manner radially at the outer end of the flange bushing insert (10) and is clamped, preferably tight, between the cylinder head connection surface (6) and the exhaust manifold connection surface (9)
in that between the exhaust duct inner wall and the bush outer wall and between the flange part (12) and an axially adjacent bead (13b) and / or between two axially adjacent beads (13a, 13b), a thermally insulating, circumferential insulating gap which is uncoupled from an exhaust gas flow (14) is formed with a gap width corresponding to the bead height. Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Flanschbuchsen-Einsatz (10) einstückig und/oder materialeinheitlich aus einem hitzebeständigen und/oder elastischen Material, insbesondere aus einem metallischen Werkstoff, hergestellt ist.Cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the flange bush insert (10) is made in one piece and / or of the same material of a heat-resistant and / or elastic material, in particular of a metallic material. Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest in Teilbereichen des Isolierspalts (14) auf der Buchsenteil-Außenwand ein thermisches Isolierelement und/oder-material (16), vorzugsweise in der Isolierspaltbreite, angebracht istCylinder head according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that at least in partial regions of the insulating gap (14) on the female part outer wall, a thermal insulating element and / or material (16), preferably in the Isolierspaltbreite attached Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das thermische Isolierelement und/oder -material (16) durch eine Beschichtung und/oder durch eine, vorzugsweise aufgesteckte, Isoliermaterial-Buchse und/oder durch wenigstens eine, vorzugsweise aufgesteckte, Isoliermaterial-Schale ausgebildet ist.Cylinder head according to claim 3, characterized in that the thermal insulating element and / or material (16) is formed by a coating and / or by a, preferably plugged, insulating material socket and / or by at least one, preferably plugged, insulating material shell , Zylinderkopf nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens eine Sicke (13a; 15) im axialen Buchsenteilendbereich gegenüberliegend zum Flanschteil (12) angeordnet ist.Cylinder head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one bead (13a; 15) is arranged in the axial bushing part end region opposite to the flange part (12). Zylinderkopf nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Buchsenteillänge im Wesentlichen der Abgaskanallänge im Zylinderkopf (2) entspricht.Cylinder head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bushing part length corresponds substantially to the exhaust gas passage length in the cylinder head (2). Zylinderkopf nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Flanschteil (12) in einer Ringnut (17) der Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche (6) einliegt.Cylinder head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flange part (12) rests in an annular groove (17) of the cylinder head connecting surface (6). Zylinderkopf nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Flanschteil (12) zwischen der Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche (6) und der Auspuffkrümmer-Anschlussfläche (9) als Dichtflansch oder als Dichtflansch und zur axialen Buchsenfixierung eingespannt ist.Cylinder head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flange part (12) between the cylinder head connecting surface (6) and the exhaust manifold connecting surface (9) is clamped as a sealing flange or as a sealing flange and for axial bushing fixation. Zylinderkopf nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der Flanschteil (12) axial mit wenigstens einer umlaufenden, vorzugsweise elastisch ausgebildeten, Sicke (18) an der Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche (6) abstützt, insbesondere in der Ringnut (17) der Zylinderkopf-Anschlussfläche (6) abstützt.Cylinder head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flange part (12) axially with at least one circumferential, preferably elastically formed, bead (18) on the cylinder head connection surface (6) is supported, in particular in the annular groove (17) of the cylinder head Supporting surface (6). Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 8 und 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Flanschteil (12) axial in Richtung des Auspuffkrümmers (8) abragt, so dass dieser bei der Montage das Flanschteil (12) als Dichtelement einspannt.Cylinder head according to claim 8 and 9, characterized in that the flange part (12) protrudes axially in the direction of the exhaust manifold (8) so that it clamps the flange part (12) as a sealing element during assembly. Zylinderkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Flanschteil (12) ein in Richtung des Auspuffkrümmers (8) ragender, insbesondere abragender, Dichtring (19)vorgesehen ist,Cylinder head according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that on the flange part (12) in the direction of the exhaust manifold (8) projecting, in particular projecting, sealing ring (19) is provided, Fahrzeug, insbesondere Nutzfahrzeug, mit einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Zylinderkopf (2) mit angeschlossenem Auspuffkrümmer (8) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.Vehicle, in particular utility vehicle, with an internal combustion engine having a cylinder head (2) with connected exhaust manifold (8) according to one of the preceding claims.
EP17196963.7A 2016-10-25 2017-10-18 Cylinder head with attached exhaust manifold of a combustion engine Active EP3315751B1 (en)

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CN110425053A (en) * 2019-09-27 2019-11-08 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Cylinder head and cylinder
DE102021000281A1 (en) 2021-01-21 2021-04-22 FEV Europe GmbH Insert for an exhaust duct

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CN107975439A (en) 2018-05-01
DE102016012719A1 (en) 2018-04-26
US11105295B2 (en) 2021-08-31
CN107975439B (en) 2021-07-02
RU2748245C2 (en) 2021-05-21
EP3315751B1 (en) 2019-08-28
BR102017022644A2 (en) 2018-05-15
RU2017134960A3 (en) 2020-12-21
RU2017134960A (en) 2019-04-08
US20180112623A1 (en) 2018-04-26
BR102017022644A8 (en) 2022-09-06

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