EP3312543A1 - Système de récupération de chaleur - Google Patents

Système de récupération de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3312543A1
EP3312543A1 EP16195019.1A EP16195019A EP3312543A1 EP 3312543 A1 EP3312543 A1 EP 3312543A1 EP 16195019 A EP16195019 A EP 16195019A EP 3312543 A1 EP3312543 A1 EP 3312543A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dampers
recovery system
heat exchanger
heat recovery
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16195019.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Kent Hagbart Hansen
René Mulvad Madsen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Exodraft AS
Original Assignee
Exodraft AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Exodraft AS filed Critical Exodraft AS
Priority to EP16195019.1A priority Critical patent/EP3312543A1/fr
Publication of EP3312543A1 publication Critical patent/EP3312543A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/06—Derivation channels, e.g. bypass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2270/00—Thermal insulation; Thermal decoupling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to heat recovery systems and in particular to heat recovery systems which are protected against overheating of the heat exchanger.
  • Heat recovery systems are used to recover at least some of the heat from outgoing hot fluids flowing from a heat generating process to the exterior environment.
  • a hot fluid may e.g. be flue gas or processed air.
  • the heat recovery is typically obtained by the use of a heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchange media in the heat exchanger is warmed up by leading the hot fluid from a heat generating process through the heat exchanger, and out to the exterior environment. The warming up of the heat exchange media is achieved without the media being in direct contact with the hot fluid from the heat generating process.
  • An essential feature in heat recovery systems is how to control the amount of hot fluid passing through the heat exchanger and hereby protecting the heat exchanger against overheating. Overheating the heat exchanger through a longer period, with a sufficient temperature, may cause severe damage to the heat exchanger.
  • the recovered energy may e.g. be used to heat water which can be used for other purposes, such as for heating or for cleaning process equipment.
  • the recovered may be stored in a reservoir for later use, e.g. in the form of hot water.
  • the presently used solution is a heat recovery system installed, comprising one damper provided between the conduit where the hot fluid is passing upwards towards the external environment and the heat exchanger.
  • the damper can shift between to positions; in one positon to guide the hot fluid through the heat exchanger and to the external environment, and in a second position so the hot fluid is guided directly through the conduit without passing the heat exchanger.
  • an improved heat recovery system would be advantageous, and in particular a heat recovery system which has a higher safety against an overheating of the heat exchanger would be advantageous.
  • a heat recovery system for installation in a conduit for hot fluid flowing from a heat generating process to the exterior environment, the heat recovery system comprising:
  • the control unit used to control the movement of the at least two dampers may be a part of the heat recovery system or it may an external unit. It will typically be the same control unit that is used for the control of the whole system including e.g. the operation of the heat exchanger, but it is also possible to have a separate control unit for controlling the movement of the dampers only.
  • the temperature may be measured at one or more positions within the system continuously, with predetermined time intervals, or at times dependent on other parameters, such as the actual temperatures measured. It may e.g. be desired to measure the temperature with larger time intervals when the temperature is relatively low than when it is close to exceeding a predetermined threshold value.
  • a heat recovery system according to the present invention can be safely used in systems where the temperature in the hot fluid flowing in the conduit is in the range of 100° to 600° Celsius.
  • the design of a heat recovery system for a given application may e.g. be based on desired or required U-values.
  • the U-value is a measure of the flow of heat through an insulating or building material; the lower the U-value, the better the insulating ability.
  • the SI unit for the U-value is W/m 2 K.
  • At least one of the at least two dampers may comprise two damper plates arranged spaced apart so that there is an insulating cavity between the damper plates, the damper plates facing towards the first and the second section, respectively, when the at least two dampers are in the second position.
  • the dampers typically also comprise further insulating material, such as rock wool or mineral wool.
  • the further insulating material may be placed between damper plates typically made from metal, such as stainless steel.
  • the two or more dampers are swivel dampers mounted on spindles.
  • the movement of the dampers may be driven by at least one motor connected to the spindles.
  • the dampers may be driven by the same motor by use of appropriate gearing, or there may be one motor for each of the spindles. In the latter case, the dampers may move synchronously, or they may be adapted to move either at the same or at different speeds.
  • the two or more dampers are hingedly mounted and moved by at least one actuator.
  • further safety components may be included in the system.
  • a safety measure is that the dampers may be mounted with a spring-return. In case the current to the system is lost, the spring-return will automatically be activated thereby forcing the dampers towards the second position. Thus, the dampers will move to the position in which the heat exchanger is protected against the high temperatures in the hot fluid.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of a heat recovery system 1 according to the present invention.
  • the system is for installation in a conduit for hot fluid flowing from a heat generating process to the exterior environment. It could e.g. be bakery ovens, food cooking equipment, industrial boilers, heat treatment installations, and drying plants.
  • the heat recovery system comprises a housing 2 with an inlet 3 and an outlet 4 both in fluid connection with the conduit.
  • the housing 2 encapsulates an interior space which comprises a first section 5 and a second section 6, the first section 5 extending between the inlet 3 and the outlet 4.
  • the heat exchanger 7 is arranged in the second section 6.
  • the heat exchanger 7 is mounted to an inner wall of the housing 2 at one end and to an insulating suspension at the other end. This insulating suspension will be described in further details below.
  • the illustrated heat recovery system comprises two dampers 8 which are adapted to move between a first position 9 as shown in figure 1 and a second position 10 as shown in figure 2 .
  • they are arranged to guide the hot fluid from the inlet 3 to the outlet 4 via the heat exchanger 7.
  • the first section 5 and the second section 6 are separated by the dampers 8 so that the hot fluid is guided from the inlet 3 to the outlet 4 without passing the heat exchanger 7.
  • the dampers 8 have a thermally insulating construction so that when they are in the second position 10, the first 5 and second 6 sections of the interior space are thermally insulated from each other.
  • the choice of dimensions and types of material for the dampers 8 will depend on the actual use of a given system. In presently preferred embodiments of a heat recovery system the dampers 8 should be designed so that they can be safely used for applications where the temperature in the hot fluid flowing in the conduit is in the range of 100° to 600° Celsius. By “safely” is meant without damaging the heat exchanger.
  • FIG 3 schematically shows a three-dimensional view of the heat recovery system 1 in figures 1 and 2 with the dampers 8 in the first position 9.
  • the dampers 8 in this embodiment are swivel dampers mounted on spindles 12.
  • the movement of the dampers 8 is driven by a motor 13 connected to the spindles 12.
  • the dampers 8 in any of the embodiments in figures 1-3 comprise damper plates 11 arranged spaced apart so that there is at least one insulating cavity 24 between the damper plates 11.
  • the two outer of the damper plates face towards the first 5 and the second 6 section, respectively, when the dampers 8 are in the second position 10, i.e. the position in figure 2 .
  • Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional and enlarged view of a damper 8 to better illustrate the design.
  • the illustrated embodiment has three damper plates 11 with a cavity 24 between two of the plates and insulating material 25 between two of the plates 11.
  • the outer damper plate arranged next to the cavity thus forms a heat shield protecting the heat exchanger 7 from heat radiated from the middle damper plate due to the hot fluid.
  • Figure 6 schematically illustrates a three-dimensional view of the heat recovery system. Illustrated by the arrows, the figure shows the flow of the hot fluid from the inlet 3 to the outlet 5 via the heat exchanger 7, when the dampers are in the first position 9.
  • the heat recovery system shown in figures 1 to 3 further comprises a mounting frame 14 supported by the housing 2 and arranged in the interior space at or near a boundary between the first 5 and second 6 sections.
  • the heat exchanger 7 is mounted to the mounting frame 14 by an insulating suspension at the end of the heat exchanger 7 facing towards the first section 5.
  • the purpose of this design of the insulating suspension is to protect the heat exchanger 7 from heat radiated from the first section 5; in particularly in situations where the dampers 8 are in the second position 10 due to the hot fluid being at so high temperatures that the hot fluid is so warm that it would cause damage to the heat exchanger 7, if it was guided there through.
  • the insulating suspension comprises two outer plates 18 extending from a suspension point at the mounting frame 14 to two outer surfaces of the heat exchanger 7.
  • it further comprises two suspension plates 15 extending between the two outer plates 18 and arranged at a distance from the heat exchanger 7 and from each other.
  • the suspension plates 15 form an array of heat shields to reduce the radiated heat.
  • insulating regions 16 are established between the first section 5 and the heat exchanger 7.
  • the number of suspension plates 15 is determined as part of the design process. Which number to choose for a given system depends on a number of parameters including the dimensions of the plates, the distance between the heat exchanger 7 and the frame 14 as well as the expected temperatures.
  • dampers may be mounted with a spring-return. In case the current to the system is lost, the spring-return will automatically be activated, forcing the dampers towards the second position. Thus, the dampers will move to the position in which the heat exchanger is protected against the high temperatures in the hot fluid.
  • a battery such as a capacitor, is providing the current necessary for the motor/actuators to move the dampers to the second position 10, and secure that the hot fluid is guided from the inlet 3 to the outlet 4 without passing the heat exchanger 7.
  • the heat recovery system 1 further comprises one or more sensors arranged and adapted to measure at least the temperature at one or more positions within the system.
  • sensors 26 are schematically shown at one position in the first section 5 and at one position in the heat exchanger 7.
  • Other sensors may be placed at other positions, such as in a reservoir (not shown) for storing heat energy outputted from the heat exchanger 7. This energy may e.g. be used to heat water which can be used for other purposes, such as for heating or for cleaning process equipment.
  • the sensor in the reservoir may be configured to measure the amount and temperature of the fluid in the reservoir.
  • the control unit When the temperature exceeds a first predetermined threshold value, the control unit (not shown) initiate a movement of the dampers 8 to the second position 10, and secure that the hot fluid is guided from the inlet 3 to the outlet 4 without passing the heat exchanger 7.
  • the control unit may also initiate a movement of the dampers 8 to the first position 9, so that the hot fluid is guided through the heat exchanger 7, if the heat exchanging media temperature is below a second threshold value.
  • Another sensor may be arranged on or in the heat exchanger 7, measuring the temperature on the surface of the heat exchanger 7 or in the heat exchange media.
  • the control unit initiates a movement of the dampers 8 to the second position 10, and secure that the hot fluid is guided from the inlet 3 to the outlet 4 without passing the heat exchanger 7.
  • Other sensors may be arranged on the heat exchanger inlet 22 and on the heat exchanger outlet 23 configured for measuring the pressure of the heat exchange media.
  • the control unit initiates a warning signal, indicating that the heat exchanger need to be serviced or repaired.
  • a switch (now shown) may be arranged in the heat recovery system, which upon activation provides a signal to the control unit to initiate a movement of the dampers 8 to the second position 10 and thereby secure that the hot fluid is guided from the inlet 3 to the outlet 4 without passing the heat exchanger 7.
  • This option can e.g. be used in relation to service of the system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
EP16195019.1A 2016-10-21 2016-10-21 Système de récupération de chaleur Withdrawn EP3312543A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16195019.1A EP3312543A1 (fr) 2016-10-21 2016-10-21 Système de récupération de chaleur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16195019.1A EP3312543A1 (fr) 2016-10-21 2016-10-21 Système de récupération de chaleur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3312543A1 true EP3312543A1 (fr) 2018-04-25

Family

ID=57218706

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16195019.1A Withdrawn EP3312543A1 (fr) 2016-10-21 2016-10-21 Système de récupération de chaleur

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP3312543A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2498637A (en) * 1945-10-31 1950-02-28 Thomas J Bay Engine cooling apparatus
US5950715A (en) * 1995-06-16 1999-09-14 Alfa Laval Ab Plate heat exchanger
EP1672209A2 (fr) * 2004-12-14 2006-06-21 Honeywell International, Inc. Refroidisseur de gaz d'échappement à conduite de dérivation

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2498637A (en) * 1945-10-31 1950-02-28 Thomas J Bay Engine cooling apparatus
US5950715A (en) * 1995-06-16 1999-09-14 Alfa Laval Ab Plate heat exchanger
EP1672209A2 (fr) * 2004-12-14 2006-06-21 Honeywell International, Inc. Refroidisseur de gaz d'échappement à conduite de dérivation

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