EP3310544A1 - Dispositif et procédé de fabrication d'une préforme multicouche courbée à partir de fibres d'un matériau composite renforcé par fibres - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de fabrication d'une préforme multicouche courbée à partir de fibres d'un matériau composite renforcé par fibres

Info

Publication number
EP3310544A1
EP3310544A1 EP16729262.2A EP16729262A EP3310544A1 EP 3310544 A1 EP3310544 A1 EP 3310544A1 EP 16729262 A EP16729262 A EP 16729262A EP 3310544 A1 EP3310544 A1 EP 3310544A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fiber
semi
rolling
finished
preform
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16729262.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Arne Stahl
Henrik Borgwardt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Original Assignee
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV filed Critical Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Publication of EP3310544A1 publication Critical patent/EP3310544A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B11/00—Making preforms
    • B29B11/14—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
    • B29B11/16—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition comprising fillers or reinforcement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/38—Automated lay-up, e.g. using robots, laying filaments according to predetermined patterns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/504—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC] using rollers or pressure bands

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for producing a curved, multi-layer preforms from fibers of a fiber composite material for the production of a fiber composite component.
  • the invention also relates to a method for this purpose.
  • fiber composite components are suitable for a variety of applications.
  • such fiber composite components are increasingly being used for load-bearing structures in the vehicle and aircraft sector, in order to be able to save fuel, for example, by reducing the total weight.
  • Fiber composite components are usually formed from a semi-finished fiber and a matrix material, so that there is an integral structure.
  • the semi-finished fiber product or semi-finished fiber products are impregnated or infiltrated with the matrix material and then cured so that an integral component is created by the reaction of the matrix material.
  • the load-bearing fibers of the semifinished fiber product, which are now embedded in the cured matrix material, give the component its enormous rigidity in the fiber direction.
  • the component form is formed by draping the semi-finished fiber products into or onto a so-called molding tool or a separate preforming tool. forms.
  • the tool has a surface structure which corresponds to the component geometry of the fiber composite component to be produced, wherein the dry or pre-impregnated semi-finished fiber products are adapted to the surface.
  • the semi-finished fiber products can also be brought into the desired shape by other methods, which is generally referred to as "preforms.”
  • Semifinished fiber products which obtain the desired component geometry either in the molding tool or in another forming process are also referred to as "preforms".
  • Preforms Preform ".
  • a preform is a semifinished product formed from semifinished fiber products, which has at least partially the component geometry of the fiber composite component to be produced.
  • fiber composite components An advantage of fiber composite components is that the fibers can be oriented load-oriented in order to transfer high loads with low weight. On the other hand, loads transverse to the fiber direction of the fiber composite component can only be carried with difficulty, so that the components generally have an instable effect transversely to the fiber direction.
  • DE 10 201 2 1 01 706 A1 discloses a method and an apparatus for the continuous shearing of semifinished fiber products, in order to be able to reproducibly produce preforms which are reliable in terms of process and which have a defined thread. have angles along their curvature.
  • the semifinished fiber product is fed to a displacement device, which has at least two rotating, spaced apart in a rolling direction rolling body, which rotate at a different rotational speed. Due to the circulating speed difference set between the two spaced rolling elements, a shearing of the fibers of the semi-finished fiber product is effected, which causes a defined curvature of the semifinished fiber product.
  • Curved preform profiles which can be used, for example, as frames in aircraft construction can thus be produced with such a device or method.
  • a system for producing a curved, multi-layer preform made of fibers of a fiber composite material for the production of a fiber composite component is proposed, wherein the system is particularly designed to produce the curved, multi-layer preform completely automated and without human intervention.
  • the system initially has a displacement device, with which fiber semifinished products can be continuously sheared to form a predetermined curvature of the multilayer preforms to be produced.
  • a displacement device can be, for example, a displacement device, as is known from DE 10 201 2 101 706 A1.
  • such a system for grinding semifinished fiber products for the production of curved preforms is expanded in that the system further comprises one or more fiber laying heads with which additional fiber material is deposited on the semifinished fiber surface of the semifinished fiber product deviated by the Verscholler can be.
  • additional fiber material can be deposited on the sheared semi-finished fiber product, resulting in a bent preform in addition to a curved preform can produce a curved preform from a single semifinished fiber, which is formed in particular multi-layered. It is thus possible in a single process step to build a preform of several layers of fiber material, which also has a curved basic shape beyond.
  • Examples of such curved, multi-layered preforms are profiles, for example U-, Z- or C-profiles, as used for example in aircraft frames.
  • the inventors have recognized that additional fiber material can be stored reliably on a shredded fiber half surface in order to produce a multilayer curved preform, namely in a single process step.
  • the plant and in particular the fiber laying heads can be designed so that the additional fiber material is deposited on a web portion of the curved preform. It is also conceivable, however, for the additional fiber material to be deposited in a belt region of the preform, for example an inner or outer belt of a curved preform, so that not only an additional reinforcement or stiffening of the web region but also the belt region can be thickened by additional fiber material. In this case, it is conceivable, for example, that by means of a thermally activatable binder a further shearing or "re-deformation" is prevented so as to improve the overall process quality.
  • unidirectional semi-finished layers or rovings, tapes or else other fiber material can be deposited in the web area and / or belt area of the deformed preform to reinforce the areas on the one hand and prevent further warping or re-deformation when using a thermally activatable binder on the other hand.
  • fibers of a fiber composite material are understood in particular reinforcing fibers, which in the manufacture of a fiber composite component be used.
  • Such fibers of a fiber composite material may be, for example, dry or preimpregnated fibers.
  • a semi-finished fiber product, in particular fibers of a fiber composite material, wherein the semi-finished fiber, for example may be a flat semi-finished fiber, which is dry or pre-impregnated.
  • the additional fiber material according to the present invention also has fibers of a fiber composite material and, in addition to flat semi-finished fiber products, may also be so-called tapes, rovings, fiber fabrics or scrims, in particular unidirectional fiber layers.
  • Fibrous heads in the context of the present invention are units with which fibers of a fiber composite material or fiber material can be deposited on a semi-finished fiber surface. Such fiber laying heads usually have a pressure roller or press-on sliding shoe, wherein the fiber laying head continuously supplied fiber material is continuously stored on the fiber semi-finished surface of the sheared fiber semi-finished product.
  • continuous shearing in the context of the present invention is in particular understood that the displacement process by conveying the semifinished fiber is deviated by a shifter therethrough.
  • continuous shearing does not mean that the semifinished fiber product is draped onto a molding tool and is correspondingly formed discontinuously.
  • the semifinished fiber product is continuously sheared continuously over the entire length.
  • the system is particularly adapted to deposit the additional fiber material through the fiber laying heads on the semi-finished fiber surface of the already deviated part of the semifinished fiber product during the continuous shearing of the semifinished fiber product.
  • the semifinished fiber product is continuously conveyed through the shearing device and shaved along with it, the additional fiber material being deposited on the already shaved part of the semifinished fiber product by the fiber laying heads, whereby the advancement of the semifinished fiber product by the shearing device due to the continuous shearing Verschervones is used for storing the additional fiber material.
  • the production of the curved, multi-layered preforms can thus be significantly accelerated.
  • the displacement device has at least two rotating rolling elements spaced apart in a rolling direction and a control device connected to the rolling element, wherein the control device is configured for adjusting different rotational speeds of the rolling elements, so that by one between the rolling direction in the rolling direction Circulating speed difference set at spaced-apart rolling bodies causes a shearing of the fibers of the semifinished fiber product to form the curvature of the preform to be produced, when the semifinished fiber product is conveyed by means of the rolling body and rolling direction.
  • the rolling elements are arranged and formed in the shifter so that they rest non-positively on a semi-finished fiber introduced into the system and thus can promote the semi-finished fiber through the shifter. If now a circulation speed difference is set by the spaced-apart rolling bodies each having different rotational speeds, then the circulation speed difference between the rolling bodies causes a shearing of the fibers of the semifinished fiber product which ultimately results in a defined curvature of the semi-finished fiber product.
  • the rotational speed or the rotational speed difference of the rolling bodies is understood in particular to mean the rotational speed or rotational angular speed, the rotational speed being constant over the entire rolling body.
  • the rotational angular velocity is constant over the entire rolling body.
  • the shearing of the fibers takes place exclusively based on the difference between the rotational speeds of the two rotating rolling bodies, in particular a difference between the rotational angular velocity of the two rotating rolling bodies.
  • one or all rolling elements have an opposite, oppositely rotating rolling body, so as to form each pair of rolling bodies.
  • the two rolling elements of the pair of rolling elements are designed so that the semifinished fiber can be guided in the rolling direction between the two rolling bodies of the pair of rolling elements. Both rolling bodies are thus non-positively on each side of the flat semi-finished fiber product. Due to the formation of a pair of rolling elements, the frictional connection of the rolling elements with the semifinished fiber product takes place.
  • a feed unit can be formed by the pair of rolling elements in the displacement device, which feeds the flat semi-finished fiber product between the rolling elements of the rolling element pairs and thus conveys them through the shear device.
  • the shearing device has at least three rolling bodies (or three pairs of rolling elements), wherein at least two of the three rolling bodies are arranged opposite each other and frictionally rest against a flange of the profile to be produced.
  • the two opposing rolling elements, each at different flanks see abutment, are thereby set at the same rotational speed by means of the control device.
  • at least one of the three rolling bodies is arranged spaced apart in the rolling direction and is adjusted by the control device at a circulating speed different from the other two rolling bodies, so that between the at least two opposed rolling bodies on the respectively different flanges and the at least third spaced-apart rolling body set a circulation speed difference. This set circulating speed difference then leads to a shunting of each
  • a shearing in the inner or outer flange of a profile can be made possible so that curved preform profile can be produced with one or more flanges on the one hand and an intermediate web.
  • the fiber laying heads can be designed so that the additional fiber material is deposited, for example in the web area on the fiber semi-finished surface or stored in the belt or flange of the fiber semi-finished surface.
  • each of the at least three rolling bodies an opposing rolling body rotating against each other is provided, which together form a rolling body, parts of the semi-finished fiber product being passed through the rolling bodies of each pair of rolling bodies.
  • the control device is arranged so that during the Verschervones the rotational speed of the rolling elements can be varied such that the radius of curvature of the curvature of the preform to be produced is varied.
  • preforms can be produced continuously, which have different radii of curvature.
  • the fiber laying heads are designed and driven by the control unit so that they the varying radii of curvature follow accordingly and store the additional fiber material on the semi-finished fiber surface so highly accurate.
  • an adjusting device which has at least two rotating rolling elements, which rest on respectively different flanges of the preform to be produced, wherein the adjusting device is designed to vary the distance between the rolling bodies to each other or set.
  • the two rotating rolling bodies are provided tiltable or pivotable in the rolling or conveying direction in order to axially displace the semifinished fiber product as the distance changes to support along the rotating rolling body.
  • the rotating rolling elements of the adjusting device may for example be provided downstream with respect to the displacement device and be formed in addition to the rolling elements of the displacement device.
  • the rotating rolling elements of the displacement device are designed to vary the distance, so that the displacement device also includes the adjustment device.
  • the one or more fiber laying heads are positioned, rotatable and / or displaceable relative to the semi-finished fiber surface of the sheared fiber semi-finished product, so that the position and direction of the additionally dispensed fiber material can be approached with high precision on the sheared fiber semi-finished surface.
  • the fiber laying heads are connected to a control unit which is set up in such a way to position, rotate and / or displace the fiber laying heads in relation to the semi-finished fiber surface of the sheared semifinished fiber product that the additional fiber material along an outer contour or geometry Semifinished fiber surface of the sheared fiber semi-finished product can be stored.
  • the additional fiber material can be deposited, for example, on the web region of the curved preform so that the additional fiber material is deposited along außgurtes ororientflansches with a first fiber laying head again with the help of a second fiber laying head the additional fiber material along an inner belt or inner flange on the Web area of the fiber semi-finished surface is stored. An uncovered portion remaining therebetween can then be filled, for example, with a third fiber laying head by depositing additional fiber material.
  • the depositing position of the individual fiber laying heads changes, so that the additional fiber material can be stored with exact positioning by approaching the corresponding positions based on the change in the web width or the curvature.
  • one or more fiber laying heads have a cutting unit which is designed for severing the additional fiber material.
  • a forming device which transforms the semi-finished fiber to be scraped, which is in the form of a flat semi-finished fiber product in its initial situation, in a profilpreform, the Profilepreform has at least one flange and a web, preferably two flanges and a interposed bridge.
  • a profile preform may be, for example, a Z or C or U profile.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the system according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 deposited additional fiber material in a first embodiment
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically schematically the system 1 in a plan view.
  • the plant 1 has a displacement device 2, which has a total of three rolling element pairs 3, 4 and 5.
  • the pair of rolling elements 3 has two oppositely arranged rolling elements 3a and 3b, which rotate in opposite directions and between which a fiber material can be performed.
  • the rolling element pairs 4 and 5 are formed, which each have two rolling bodies 4a, 4b and 5a, 5b.
  • the rolling elements of the three pairs of rolling elements 3, 4 and 5 are connected to a control device 6, which controls the individual rolling elements of the rolling element pairs such that their rotational speed Vi and Vi are each adjustable.
  • the physical connection of the control unit 6 with the respective rolling bodies of the roller body pairs is not shown for reasons of clarity of Figure 1.
  • the system 1 is designed in FIG. 1 to produce a curved preform profile 8, which has a C profile, from a sheet-like semi-finished fiber product 7.
  • the edges 9a, 9b of the flat semi-finished fiber product 7 are guided between the rolling bodies of the respective pairs of rolling elements, so that the edges 9a, 9b of the semifinished fiber product form the later flanges or belts of the curved C-profile 8. Therefore, not only the curvature of the preform profile is realized with this system, but also produced the desired profile shape.
  • the roller body pairs 3 and 5 of the Verscholler device 2 are arranged opposite lying on the respective edges of the semifinished fiber and are controlled by the control device 6 so that the rolling elements 3a, 3b, 5a, 5b each have the same rotational speed or rotational angular velocity.
  • the pair of rolling elements 4 with the rolling heads 4a and 4b is arranged so that it is spaced from the pair of rolling elements 3 in the rolling direction 10.
  • the rolling element pairs 3 and 4 thus engage in the same flange 9a of the profile 8.
  • the rotational speed of the rolling bodies 4a, 4b of the rolling body pair 4 is different from the rotational speed Vi of the rolling body pairs 3 and 5.
  • the additional Liehe fiber material 13 deposit on the Agerte fiber semi-finished surface 14. In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1, this is the land area, so that the additional fiber material 1 3 is deposited on the web of the profile shapes to be produced.
  • the sheet-like semi-finished fiber 7 or the additional fiber material 13 may contain a binder material which is thermally activatable, the installation then having a thermal unit (not shown) for thermally bonding the binder material activate.
  • the fiber laying heads 12a, 12b and 1 2c can also be designed to be positioned, rotated and / or pivotable, so as to be able to set or determine the depositing position or direction.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment in which rovings in a plurality of strips Si, S2 and S3 have been deposited on the fiber semifinished product surface in the web region of the curved preform.
  • the strip S1 consisting of several rovings follows the outer course of the belt with its fiber orientation
  • the strip S2 consisting of several rovings with its fiber orientation follows the inner course of the belt.
  • the strip S3 fills that gap with its vents, which is created by adjusting the web width.
  • a Strip S4 is deposited with minimal profile width on the fiber semi-finished surface of the web area, wherein in the region of a thickening of the web further fiber material Ss is introduced.
  • the additional fiber material are unidirectional bands or strips which are deposited on the fiber semifinished product surface in the curved web region.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif (1) et procédé de fabrication d'une préforme multicouche courbée (8) à partir de fibres d'un matériau composite renforcé par fibres pour la fabrication d'un composant composite renforcé par fibres, comprenant un dispositif de cisaillement (2) pour le cisaillement continu d'un demi-produit à base de fibres pour former une courbure prédéfinie (11). Le dispositif (1) comporte une ou plusieurs têtes de pose de fibres (12a, 12b, 12c) conçues pour la pose de matériau à base de fibres supplémentaire (13) sur la surface du demi-produit à base de fibres cisaillé par le dispositif de cisaillement (2).
EP16729262.2A 2015-06-19 2016-06-15 Dispositif et procédé de fabrication d'une préforme multicouche courbée à partir de fibres d'un matériau composite renforcé par fibres Withdrawn EP3310544A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015109864.4A DE102015109864B4 (de) 2015-06-19 2015-06-19 Anlage und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer gekrümmten, mehrlagigen Preform aus Fasern eines Faserverbundwerkstoffes
PCT/EP2016/063738 WO2016202851A1 (fr) 2015-06-19 2016-06-15 Dispositif et procédé de fabrication d'une préforme multicouche courbée à partir de fibres d'un matériau composite renforcé par fibres

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3310544A1 true EP3310544A1 (fr) 2018-04-25

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16729262.2A Withdrawn EP3310544A1 (fr) 2015-06-19 2016-06-15 Dispositif et procédé de fabrication d'une préforme multicouche courbée à partir de fibres d'un matériau composite renforcé par fibres

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3310544A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102015109864B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016202851A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017208946A1 (de) 2017-05-29 2018-11-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Formgebungswerkzeug, Vorrichtung und Verfahren
DE102019132851A1 (de) * 2019-12-03 2021-06-10 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung eines Hybrid-Profilbauteils

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2640246T3 (es) * 2008-01-31 2017-11-02 Orbital Atk, Inc. Un aparato de colocación de herramienta de aporte de rigidez y el método correspondiente
DE102008020564B4 (de) 2008-04-24 2013-10-02 Airbus Operations Gmbh Tapelegevorrichtung sowie Verfahren zum Aufbau eines Laminats
DE102009008329B4 (de) * 2009-02-10 2011-07-14 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., 51147 Preform-Vorrichtung zum Preformen eines Textilhalbzeugs
DE102011012858B4 (de) * 2011-03-02 2014-04-03 Premium Aerotec Gmbh Drapiervorrichtung, deren Verwendung und Endeffektor
DE102011050780B4 (de) * 2011-05-31 2015-04-16 Reis Group Holding Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Anordnung zum Aufbringen einer Endlosfaser auf ein Objekt
DE102011102950A1 (de) 2011-05-31 2012-02-16 Daimler Ag Legekopf und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Textilvorformlingen aus Carbonfasern enthaltende Faseranordnungen
DE102012101706B4 (de) 2012-03-01 2015-07-02 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Gekrümmte Preform
EP2722145B1 (fr) * 2012-10-17 2016-02-24 Airbus Operations GmbH Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'une préforme de textile sèche
EP2732958B1 (fr) * 2012-11-20 2017-06-28 Airbus Operations GmbH Procédé et appareil de formation d'une bande de préimprégné incurvée
EP2803475A1 (fr) * 2013-05-17 2014-11-19 Joachim Keim GmbH Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'une préforme en fibres pour un élément en fibres composites
DE102014116270B3 (de) 2014-11-07 2016-01-21 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Anlage und Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung gekrümmter Preformen

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Publication number Publication date
WO2016202851A1 (fr) 2016-12-22
DE102015109864B4 (de) 2018-10-18
DE102015109864A1 (de) 2016-12-22

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