EP3296176A1 - External covering for a rail vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a modular system (2) for an outer lining (3, 4, 5, 6, 26, 27), in particular for a front lining for the body (34) of a rail vehicle (1), with at least one lining element (3). In order to enable a simple, cost-effective individualization of the exterior design of the rail vehicle (1), the modular system (2) comprises at least two differently configured customizing elements (4, 5, 6), wherein the covering element (3) has a receptacle (28) for arrangement an individualizing element (4, 5, 6) and the individualizing elements (4, 5, 6) receiving interfaces (31, 32, 33) for connection to the cladding element (26, 27), each precisely fitting for receiving (28) of the cladding element (3) are designed.

Description

The invention relates to a modular system for an outer lining of a rail vehicle, in particular for a front panel of a car body, with at least one cladding element.

Modern rail vehicles, especially rail vehicles for passenger transport, are usually carried out in lightweight construction. The outer panels of car bodies and in particular vehicle heads have, in addition to technical requirements, such as requirements for aerodynamic properties, aesthetic requirements, i. To meet the requirements of the external appearance. In addition to taking into account the design features of their corporate identity, which includes in particular graphic features such as the seat pattern and the color scheme of the coach bodies, operators of rail vehicles demand a modern exterior adapted to the respective cultural environment.

Modern exterior cladding are at least partially made of composite materials, because the use of composite materials allows good opportunities for weight savings and complex or complicated shapes can be produced. Frequently, fiber-reinforced plastic, in particular GRP is used. Whether panels made of individual modules, in monobloc construction or in winding technology are produced depends on the number of vehicles to be produced.

The DE102007027591A1 describes an outer lining for a vehicle head. The outer panel is made almost in one piece from a composite material, the production of several individual variants in small numbers would be uneconomical for this reason. A solution is provided for reducing the repair cost of damage by proposing an array of predetermined breaking points that can limit the spread of damage in the event of a light crash.

If rail vehicles are sold in smaller quantities to several vehicle operators, custom designs of the outer lining are usually limited to the color scheme. Because adjustments to the shape associated with a considerable effort are adapted to customer requirements, custom design of vehicles, especially for very small quantities expensive and uneconomical. Equally, a change in the shape is also mostly uneconomical in the modernization or retrofit of existing vehicle fleets.

Object of the present invention is therefore to enable a cost individual design of the exterior trim of rail vehicles and at the same time to reduce the cost of an adjustment of the design and the replacement of parts of the outer lining after commissioning of rail vehicles.

This object is achieved by a modular system according to claim 1 and a rail vehicle fleet according to claim 11.

The invention aims to reduce the expense of individual shaping otherwise identical rail vehicles. Correspondingly, mutually identical areas on cladding elements or on rail vehicles are to be individually designed by individualizing elements to be accommodated.

Since the modular system comprises at least two customizing elements configured differently from one another, wherein the lining element comprises a receptacle for arranging an individualizing element and the individualizing elements have receiving interfaces for connection to the lining element, which are each designed for connection with the receptacle of the lining element to fit the receptacle, the Exterior trim of a rail vehicle, at least in sections, in the simplest way and inexpensively adapted to customer requirements. A cladding element can thus be designed individually via a receptacle, wherein the receptacle ideally adjoins this along the entire circumference of the individualizing element. The modular system can be designed as a kit or kit, by providing the essential or all components for an individual design of the outer lining. Thus, already in the offer phase, a huge gain in flexibility in the design of the exterior of the rail vehicle.

Other embodiments, modifications and improvements will become apparent from the following description and the appended claims.

For attachment of different individualizing elements, in the sense of the invention, the mutually identical facing elements of different rail vehicles have identical receptacles to one another. Accordingly, the modular system preferably comprises at least two identical cladding elements, each having identical receptacles for receiving an individualizing element.

The regions of different individualizing elements which adjoin the cladding element in the assembled state are preferably designed identically to one another, and can be inserted or accommodated in cladding elements identical to one another. Accordingly, the receiving interfaces of the individualizing elements are preferably designed to be identical to each other for connection to one of each of each other identical lining elements. The receiving interface of an individualizing element in this case comprises all connections to the individualizing element, via which it is connected to the cladding element.

The cladding element is designed such that the customizing elements can be received in the cladding element. Ideally, the receptacle of the cladding element completely comprises an individualizing element in the mounted state. The individualizing elements are preferably connected at their edge or their circumference with a cladding element. The receiving interface of an individualizing element is in each case identical to the receiving interface of another variant of an individualizing element. Accordingly, the individualizing elements preferably each have the same circumference and / or the same width and / or the same length.

The cladding element may preferably be a part of the outer cladding, connect to the customizing elements or adjacent in the mounted state. Outwardly facing portions of a car body or the bodyshell structure of a car body can form the cladding element. Alternatively, the cladding element may be part of an outer cladding applied to the vehicle body or its body shell structure. The outer lining may be at least partially formed from a composite material, such as GRP.

The individualizing elements can according to a preferred embodiment of the modular system according to the invention or the inventive Rail vehicle fleet indirectly via the cladding element to the car body be fastened. Thus, a very simple design of the attachment of the individualization is possible without the shell of the car body must be included in the connection of customizing. A direct connection of the individualizing elements with the cladding element also ensures that due to deformations of the cladding, for example due to temperature fluctuations, no gaps or displacements arise between the cladding element and the individualizing element.

The outer lining of a rail vehicle needs sufficient strength to withstand its own weight and any components attached to the outer lining, e.g. Exterior mirrors or lights, to wear. Accordingly, the supporting structure of the cladding element can be dimensioned such that forces can be transmitted from the own weight and additional forces from surrounding or attached to the cladding element components.

Preferably, the cladding element is provided with a support structure which allows sufficient for the operation of the rail vehicle power flow in the receiving interface. The support structure may be formed by a support frame, which is integrated on the inside of the cladding element. Alternatively, the support structure may be formed by a sectionally stronger dimensioning or thickening of the cladding element. Among other things during the operation of the vehicle in addition to the weight forces occurring acceleration forces or forces due to tension between the components, eg. B. as a result of thermal expansion, can thus be transmitted without affecting the respective integrated customizing element. Even with a loss of the individualizing a safe operation of the rail vehicle is thus possible. The customizing elements and their attachment to the trim element can also be made very simple and easy, without any impact on the structural strength of the lining of the rail vehicle can be expected.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the individualizing elements can be integrated in the mounted state at least in sections in the supporting structure of the cladding element. To the possibilities of a total To exploit more easily designed fairing, the customizing can accommodate or transmit a part of the forces occurring in the lining of the vehicle.

For transmitting forces acting on the paneling, for fastening the panel, or for relieving the paneling element, the individualizing elements can have at least one fastening interface for attachment to the carbody, in particular to the shell of the carcass, wherein the attachment interfaces of different individualizing elements are configured identically for attachment to the carbody , The attachment interfaces may be formed by extensions, threaded holes, threaded bolts, locking elements or other, preferably positive fastening interfaces.

In order that the individualizing elements fit into the outer surface of the cladding element in the best possible way, they can have an outer surface which, in the mounted state of the individualizing elements, lies on a common plane with an adjacent outer surface of the cladding element. The two outer surfaces can be flush, positive and / or surface finish together.

Preferably, uniform interfaces for the connection and the attachment of an individualizing element to the lining element and / or the car body are provided, which are configured identically on each individualizing element. These standardized interfaces can have predefined mechanical connections, such as contact surfaces, positioning edges, form-locking elements, bolts or pins. Alternatively or additionally, for the electrical connection of customizing elements, i. be provided for the electrical connection of electrically operated or actuatable components to the individualizing, or for electrical grounding, uniform electrical connections.

In a further embodiment of the modular system according to the invention or the rolling stock fleet according to the invention, the individualizing elements can comprise further components of the rail vehicle, such as exterior mirrors, side windows or lights.

According to an expedient development of the invention, the individualizing elements are each provided with at least one luminaire, wherein the luminaires of different individualizing elements are different, but each identically configured electrical Have connections for connection to the rail vehicle. An advantage of this solution is that an embodiment of an electrical connection means on the cladding element and / or the car body can be used for the connection of different customizing elements.

In order to achieve the greatest possible effect with an individualizing element, the individualizing elements can comprise the complete rear lighting or front lighting of a rail vehicle. In a preferred embodiment of the individualizing elements, these comprise an end wall and two front and / or rear lights. These elements are particularly important to the design and appearance of the rail vehicle because they define the face of the rail vehicle. Thus, via a variation of the outer dimensions and the shape of the end wall and the arrangement and design of the lights, the overall impression of the rail vehicle can be made clearly distinguishable to the viewer and changed by selecting an individualizing element.

An advantageous development of the invention provides that the luminaires of different individualization elements comprise different luminaire bodies, wherein the cladding element comprises an opening for receiving a luminaire body, which is designed to accommodate all variations of differently designed luminaire bodies. The luminaire bodies may comprise a reflector, electrical connections and / or a housing.

In an expedient development of the invention, the cladding element comprises a luminaire with an outwardly pointing luminous surface, wherein at least two individualizing elements are provided with mutually different iris sections which in the assembled state of the individualizing element mask the luminous surface in sections. The luminous surface can be formed by light sources or by a transparent cover, which protects the lamps against the weather. The different aperture sections of the individualizing elements allow for a very cost-effective individualization of the appearance of the luminaires without having to replace luminaires.

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the customizing designed for arrangement between the windshield and clutch of a vehicle head are and / or adjacent to the windshield. Preferably, the customizing elements may cover a majority of the area between the windshield and the coupling. In this area, the "face" of the rail vehicle can be effectively changed without adversely affecting functional elements, such as the windscreen viewing area.

According to a further variant of the invention, the individualizing elements are designed for an arrangement below the vehicle coupling. In particular, the individualizing elements may comprise different variations of track-clearers. Variants of track-clearers, for example, can be configured differently high or wide. In a variant of an individualizing element, the track clearer may be configured to terminate flush with the overlying areas of the vehicle panel, in a further variant, the track cleaner may be arranged at a distance from the overlying vehicle body paneling.

A rail vehicle fleet according to the invention comprises a first rail vehicle with a first vehicle body and a second rail vehicle with a second vehicle body, wherein the rail vehicles each comprise at least one cladding element with at least one customizing element. The at least one cladding element is configured identically in various rail vehicles. Furthermore, the bodyshell structure of the car bodies of different rail vehicles is preferably configured identically. The cladding elements can be fastened by means of fastening interfaces to the bodyshell structure of the car body or to an adjacent cladding. The individualizing element of the first rail vehicle differs from the customizing element of the second rail vehicle. For attachment of different individualizing elements, the lining elements of different rail vehicles, which are identical to one another, have mutually identical receptacles. Likewise, the individualizing elements have receiving interfaces for connection to the cladding element, which are each designed to fit precisely for connection to the receptacle of the cladding element.

The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. The figure shows a modular system according to the invention for an outer covering in a perspective view.

In the following, a preferred embodiment of the modular system according to the invention will be described with reference to the figure. The specific embodiments described and illustrated are not binding upon the practice of the invention, but may be suitably modified within the scope of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention.

A rail vehicle 1 is shown, to which a modular system 2 according to the invention is assigned. The modular system comprises in addition to a cladding element 3, three differently configured customization elements 4, 5 and 6. The three individualization elements 4, 5 and 6 are equipped with lights 7, 8, 9 and with end walls 10, 11, 12.

The individualizing elements 4, 5, 6 are designed to be arranged between the windshield 13 and the coupling 35 of a vehicle head 25 on the vehicle body 34. Because the customizing elements 4, 5, 6 are designed to be arranged below the windshield 13 of the rail vehicle 1 in the installed state, in particular adjacent to the windshield 13, a windshield wiper cutout 14 is provided for the windshield wiper 15 of the rail vehicle 1.

The three individualization elements 4, 5 and 6 differ due to the design of the integrated into the individualization elements lights 7, 8, 9. While the lights 7 of the individualization element 4 have a substantially crescent-shaped outer contour, the lights 8 of the individualization element 5 are substantially trapezoidal and the lights 9 of the individualization element 6 round shaped.

The lights 7, 8, 9 are preferably equipped with LED bulbs, which allow a very large freedom of design. The lights 7, 8, 9 may at the same time include a front headlight and a rear light by bulbs are integrated for both functions.

The contour of the lamps 7, 8, 9 differs due to the differently shaped lamp body 16, 17, 18, as well as due to the luminous surfaces 19, 20, 21, each having a different geometry. Furthermore, the contour of the luminaires 7, 8, 9 or luminous surfaces 19, 20, 21 in each case in particular by the contour of the end walls 10, 11, 12th certainly. Thus, the end walls 10, 11, 12 aperture sections 22, 23, 24, which cover the lamp body 16, 17, 18 and light surfaces 19, 20, 21 in sections.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the luminaires 7, 8, 9 can remain in the cladding element 3 or be pre-assembled as constant components in the cladding element 3. In the case of this variant, the individualizing elements can furthermore be used to achieve a significantly different overall impression of the rail vehicle 1 and in particular of its vehicle head 25, by using individualizing elements with differently shaped diaphragm sections.

In addition to the cladding element 3 25 further cladding elements 26, 27 are attached to the vehicle head, each bordering the cladding element 3. The cladding element 3 forms a receptacle 28 into which an individualization element 10, 11, 12 can be inserted. The receptacle 28 is formed by a depression in the cladding element 3. The receptacle 28 may be substantially closed on its side facing away from the individualization element 10, 11, 12. Alternatively, the receptacle 28 may have an opening in the direction of the Wagenkastenrohbaus.

In order to be able to arrange and fasten the individualizing elements 4, 5, 6 in the receptacle 28, the individualizing elements 4, 5, 6 comprise receiving interfaces 31, 32, 33. The receiving interfaces are formed in such a way that the individualizing elements 4, 5, 6 are mounted Insert the exterior trim precisely into the cladding element 3. The receiving interfaces are formed, inter alia, by the edges of the individualizing elements 4, 5, 6 in order to form an at least partial positive connection between the individualizing element 4, 5, 6 and the covering element 3. As recording interfaces pin connections, glands, snap-in connections or plug connections can additionally or alternatively be present. All fastening means of an individualizing element, including its edges, together form the receiving interface of this individualizing element.

In the area of the receptacle 28 of the cladding element 3 openings 29 for receiving lights 7, 8, 9 are provided. The openings 29 are dimensioned such that each of the lamp body 16, 17, 18 can be accurately received in one of the openings 29. Each of the lamp body 16, 17, 18 is equipped with an arcuate support member 30 which at the mounted customizing element 4, 5, 6 at the edge of the respective Opening 29 abuts the lamp holder and aligns the position of the respective lamp 7, 8, 9 and determines. The position of the lights can be fixed in the opening 29 inter alia by the Stützelemte 20, ideally, the fixation of the lights 7, 8, 9 takes place positively. The support member 30 may be configured web-shaped. Alternatively, differently shaped support elements are conceivable, such as punctiform or linear support elements.

In the openings 29 also not shown electrical connections are arranged. The lights 7, 8, 9 or lamp body 16,17,18 are provided with identical electrical terminals, which are designed to be connected to the electrical terminals 29.

To relieve the cladding element 3, the individualizing 4, 5, 6 additionally not shown fastening interfaces for attachment to the car body 34, in particular on the shell of the car body 34, have. The attachment interfaces of different individualizing elements 4, 5, 6 are ideally configured identically for attachment to the vehicle body 34. The attachment interfaces can be formed by simple support or stop surfaces, extensions, threaded holes, threaded bolts, locking elements or other, preferably positive fastening interfaces.

Between a past individualization element 10, 11, 12 and the cladding element 3, a gap may remain. To create an optically smooth transition between the cladding elements, the outer surface, i. outwardly facing surface of the individualization element 10, 11, 12 in the mounted state preferably with the outer surface of the adjacent cladding element 3 on a plane. The individualization element 10, 11, 12 can be flush with adjacent cladding elements 3, 27 or rest on the surface of these.

The above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined with each other. While specific embodiments have been illustrated and described, it is within the scope of the present invention to modify the illustrated embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. The following claims are a first, non-binding attempt to broadly define the invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

track vehicle

2

Modular system

3

cladding element

4, 5, 6

Individualisierelement

7, 8, 9

lamp

10, 11, 12

bulkhead

13

Windshield

14

wiper cut

15

windshield wipers

16, 17, 18

luminaire body

19, 20, 21

light area

22, 23, 24

shutter section

25

vehicle head

26, 27

cladding element

28

admission

29

Opening for light reception

30

support element

31, 32, 33

Recording Interface

34

car body

35

clutch

Claims (11)

Modular system (2) for an outer lining (3, 4, 5, 6, 26, 27) of a rail vehicle (1), in particular for a front lining of a car body (34), comprising at least one lining element (3), characterized in that modular system (2) comprises at least two differently configured individualizing elements (4, 5, 6), wherein the lining element (3) has a receptacle (28) for arranging an individualizing element (4, 5, 6), and the individualizing elements (4, 5, 6) are provided with receiving interfaces (31, 32, 33) for connection to the cladding element (26, 27), wherein the receiving interfaces (31, 32, 33) are each designed to fit the receptacle (28) of the cladding element (3) , Modular system (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the individualizing elements (4, 5, 6) indirectly via the cladding element (26, 27) on the car body (34) can be fastened. Modular system (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cladding element (26, 27) is provided with a support structure which allows sufficient for the operation of the rail vehicle (1) power flow in the region of the receptacle (28). Modular system (2) according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the individualizing elements (4, 5, 6) have at least one attachment interface for attachment to the vehicle body (34), the attachment interfaces of the individualizing elements (4, 5, 6) each identical are designed. Modular system (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individualizing elements (4, 5, 6) have an outer surface which in the mounted state of the individualizing (4, 5, 6) with an adjacent outer surface of the cladding element (3) lies on a common plane. Modular system (2) according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the individualizing elements (4, 5, 6) are each provided with at least one lamp (7, 8, 9), the lamps (7, 8, 9) being different Individualisierelemente (4, 5, 6) are different and each having identical electrical connections for connection to the rail vehicle (1). Modular system (2) according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the individualizing elements (4, 5, 6) comprise an end wall and two front and / or rear lights (7, 8, 9). Modular system (2) according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the lamps (7, 8, 9) each comprise differently configured lamp bodies (16, 17, 18) and the cladding element (3) has an opening (29) for Receiving a lamp body (16, 17, 18), wherein the opening (29) is configured to receive the differently designed lamp body (16, 17, 18). Modular system (2) according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the cladding element (3) comprises a luminaire (7, 8, 9) with an outwardly pointing luminous surface (19, 20, 21), wherein at least two individualizing elements (4 , 5, 6) are provided with different diaphragm sections (22, 23, 24), which in the mounted state of the individualizing element (4, 5, 6) cover the luminous surface (19, 20, 21) in sections. Modular system (2) according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the individualizing elements (4, 5, 6) are designed to be arranged between the windshield (13) and the coupling of a vehicle head and / or adjoin the windshield. Rail vehicle fleet comprising a first rail vehicle (1) with a first vehicle body (34) and a second rail vehicle (1) with a second vehicle body Car body (34), wherein the rail vehicles (1) each comprise at least one cladding element (3) with at least one customizing element (4, 5, 6), wherein the lining elements each have identical receptacles for the arrangement of an individualizing element, - The individualizing (4, 5, 6) receiving interfaces for connection to the cladding element, which are each designed to connect to the receptacle of the cladding element. - The individualization of the first rail vehicle differs from the customization of the second rail vehicle.

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