EP3292247B1 - Milling machine for road surfaces or pavements - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a milling machine for the surface or strip-shaped milling or grooving asphalt, concrete or other cover layers or road surfaces, such as highways, roads and other runways or runways, but also of runways or slopes or but also of industrial floors or other large-scale floors or coverings.

The present invention further relates to the genre of so-called fine milling, i. Milling, which does not replace the entire asphalt layer, but only a top layer of it is milled and after the work step can be driven immediately. A milling machine according to the invention can be configured as a vertical fine milling machine, ie with vertically milling chisel plates or else as a fine milling machine with milling rollers. Furthermore, it may be a cold planer or a hot milling machine, although the latter are material-saving for the tool or tools, but ecologically questionable from the energy balance.

The milling or even just grooving of such cover layers or coverings on the one hand to remove Aufwerfungen that form, for example, by longitudinal ruts or fairways or by braking on gradients.

In general, however, the milling or grooving is done to produce a (re) plan surface, or also to increase the roughness of the surface and improve the uptake, discharge and drying of superficial water. Trough-shaped depressions in the road surface or even larger-scale, valley-shaped depressions in the course of the road surface, in which the water can stand, are a great under the aspect of aquaplaning and freezing wet Risk factor for the quality and safety of a highway or road. The lifetime of a road surface also depends on how often and frequently water penetrates into its holes or pores and can freeze and expand.

Also safety-critical, as so-called low-drain zones, are the so-called connecting areas of highways. In the case of motorways, connecting areas are those areas in which a road-intended and also prescribed transverse inclination of the roadway changes into an opposite bank. These areas of communication are currently being researched by the Chair of Design of Road Traffic Facilities at the TU Dresden under the direction of University Professor Dr.-Ing. Christian Lippold examines. The road-building prescribed minimum bank, whether in the form of one-sided inclination or in the form of roof pitch, is 2.5%.

Furthermore, safety-critical are soil or roadway markings that are applied too thickly. They can hinder the flow of superficial water.

In the 19.01.2012 disclosed DE 10 2010 027 328 A1 Applicant Roekens GmbH of Rheine, Germany, uses a so-called fluid milling machine, more precisely a high-pressure water mill or even a sandblaster, to roughen up concrete. For this purpose, nozzle pairs are fixedly provided on the underside of a self-propelled or externally propelled vehicle, which are to ensure a uniform roughening without the formation of grooves in a concrete roadway. The milling device described is only suitable for concrete and has the great disadvantage that the roadway retains its bumps or upheavals. Mountains and valleys of the road surface are equally milled and it is not possible, for example, only the mountains to mill to the height level of the valleys. The application of the milling device described thus remains essentially limited to roughening freshly poured, flat concrete pavements.

Another application consists in milling of a plurality of parallel milling strips or grooves, which preferably run obliquely to the direction of travel. Such burrs or grooves are in the German utility model published on 29.06.2000 DE 299 22 773 U1 the applicant Blastrak-Morava, spol.sro from Brno / Brno, Czech Republic, with a groove depth of 1 to 10 mm, a groove width of 5 to 300 mm and a distance between the grooves of 10 to 200 mm.

Similar burrs or grooves are in the published on 21.01.2010 WO 2010/008351 A1 the applicant Asfalteks DOO from Ljubljana / Ljubljana, Slovenia. These parallel, obliquely arranged to the direction of milling strips are seen on some passages or points, especially on Slovenian and Croatian highways and bring a proven by studies and counts significant improvement in the safety of highways, especially in those places that are endangered aquaplaning and freezing , The cutting depth of the strips is about 5 mm and is barely audible or noticeable when driving over.

The production of these parallel and to the direction obliquely extending milling strips by means of individual milling for each individual milling strips. For this purpose, these individual cutters must be guided or pushed parallel to an already milled strip by a worker. This is laborious and time consuming. Another disadvantage of such individual milling is that they have no measuring device in order to determine those locations at which the attachment of the milling strips is indicated. So you have to be in the selection of jobs probably on accident statistics already done Leave accidents instead of avoiding them from the start.

Schwamborn Gerätebau GmbH from Wangen, Germany manufactures milling machines, such as the OMF 250, the BEF 320VX and the BEF 320EX, which can be guided or pushed by a single worker and can be used to mill individual strips using a single milling head. A disadvantage of this form of milling machines that only a fraction of a piece of work can be achieved with a high work time, the precision of which is also highly dependent on the eye of the leading or pushing worker.

The US publication US 2006/0198703 A1 discloses a milling machine, on the underside of which by means of actuators a first bank to the left and a second bank to the right beyond the milling machine width is displaced. At these benches ten Stirnfräsräder are fixedly arranged in a row and at a fixed distance from each other. Adjacent face milling wheels are coupled and run in opposite directions. A surface milling of the road surface is achieved by the two benches each describe a short lateral reciprocating motion, with simultaneous forward or backward movement of the entire milling machine. The twenty face milling wheels thus describe a "carpet" of twenty parallel zigzag movements.

The object of the present invention is to provide a universal milling machine for all applications described, while avoiding the above-mentioned disadvantages, which is less expensive and is generally optimized in their properties and their application.

The solution of the problem is done by a milling machine according to claim 1.

A milling machine according to the invention is preferably self-propelled, but may also be a towed or pushed hitch.

The preferred self-propelled embodiment variant is preferably constructed similar to a truck and further preferably has a controlled creeper speed which can be adjusted to a constant feed rate. This creep on the one hand fulfills the function of a constant Fräsvorschubs, for example when milling the diagonal grooves, but also at the same time the function of a brake against the drive torque resulting from the milling milling heads. The creeper is preferably realized by the normal drive of the Milling machine comprises a reduction stage and further preferably acts on all wheels of the milling machine. Furthermore, this reduction gear stage is preferably also inserted in reverse gear.

Furthermore, it is optional, but preferred, that a milling machine according to the invention has no excess width and, moreover, can travel to normal with a normal truck driving speed independently of one place of use. For this purpose, it is provided according to the invention, to arrange the milling heads on running in transverse rails support carriage, which - also individually controllable - beyond the Fräsmaschinen- or vehicle width are also extendable. In this case, a large part of the carrier sled remains guided in the cross rail, so that, for example, at a maximum of 2.55 m truck width according to EC Directive 96/53 / EC and a maximum motorway lane width of 3.75 m, the carriage on both sides of Milling machine telescopically extend each at least about 0.6 m. In this way it is ensured according to the invention that on the one hand can be driven from one work or site to another without special permits, but on the other hand, a complete roadway width can be milled.

An optional and simpler embodiment variant of a milling machine according to the invention does without crawl, but is then limited to the milling of milling strips or grooves in a single, predetermined angle. In this embodiment variant, the cross rails are just not exactly arranged transversely or perpendicular to the direction of travel, but as diagonal rails at an angle of for example 45 degrees. If now the parallel diagonal cutters are to be milled, then the milling machine only needs to be braked or blocked and the milling heads are driven in the diagonal rails.

The latter embodiment variant of a milling machine according to the invention with diagonal rails is preferably fixable for the blocked standing with preferably hydraulic or purely mechanical supports on the road surface. This fixing device furthermore preferably comprises a leveling device with path sensors for moving out the supports, and furthermore preferably this leveling device also comprises vials or sensors for detecting the exactly horizontal alignment of the milling machine. In this way, it is on the one hand possible to align the milling machine exactly aligned to the bank of the respective section of highway. On the other hand, it is possible to measure the respective section of the highway on which the milling machine is currently standing - or even travels straight - in terms of its bank. If the measurement shows that a section of highway has a good bank, the milling of constantly deep burrs or grooves may be sufficient. However, if the measurement shows that the motorway section is exactly "in the water", ie exactly horizontal, then with the further preferably in the Z direction or working depth controllable milling heads a milling strip or groove can be milled, the depth increases or itself has a bank or a slope which is in a range of about 0.5 to 5.0% and preferably 2.5%.

The embodiment variant of a milling machine according to the invention, which has transverse rails arranged perpendicular to the direction of travel, is preferably equipped with a stabilizing device which comprises support wheels. These support wheels are also mechanically or preferably hydraulically extendable to the road surface and can run along during the processing of the road surface. A support wheel system thus comprising and preferably at least four individual support wheels is furthermore preferably likewise combined with the leveling device described above.

In an optional embodiment variant of a milling machine according to the invention, the chassis, i. the suspension, the shock absorbers and possibly also the stabilizers in a stable, unstable working position are switched. Furthermore, it can be provided to increase the air pressure of the tires for a short time, for the duration of the milling process. In this way, or by the support wheels or by the supports or by a combination of all ensures that the milling machine during milling as little as possible wobbles or oscillates and so the milling of the milling strips or grooves is also precise enough.

The preferred truck-shaped structure of a milling machine according to the invention preferably further comprises a tank for water or preferably biodegradable cooling lubricant and a cooling and lubricating system and an intake system, by means of which the milling sludge is collected and collected in a container.

At least one respective injection and one suction nozzle can be arranged on the individual milling heads, and furthermore preferably so that the spray nozzle is arranged in the milling direction in front of the milling head and the suction nozzle behind. In addition, the milling heads can be surrounded by a protective shade.

A preferred, because more cost-effective suction of a milling machine according to the invention comprises a single suction channel, which is preferably also arranged transversely on the milling machine underside and further preferably also telescopically extendable to the extendable with the support carriage working width of the milling machine. This suction channel may additionally be flanked by one or more roller brushes.

The individual drives per milling head according to the invention can be carried out by individual electric or servo motors. Here, a first electric or servo motor for the rotational drive of the milling head may be provided and a second electric or servo motor for the feed movement, which results in a milling machine according to the invention with perpendicular to the direction of travel cross rails from the vector sum rail drive direction plus Fräsmaschinenantriebsrichtung. In a milling machine according to the invention with diagonal rails, the feed movement of the milling heads corresponds only to the rail drive direction.

Furthermore, the individual drives according to the invention per milling head can also be realized by hydraulic oil pump motors.

On the other hand, a purely mechanical design variant of a milling machine according to the invention comprises a main drive shaft, which is optionally but preferably raised by means of two universal joints in the region above the milling head arrangements.

The main drive shaft is usually arranged longitudinally in the milling machine and from it, for example by means of a bevel differential gear, a PTO shaft 90-branched off, for each individual milling drive one. Furthermore, as a rule, the main drive shaft is arranged centrally in the milling machine, so that it is further preferred to branch off two auxiliary drive shafts on both sides of the main drive shaft symmetrically in a 90-turn manner. However, it is then necessary to synchronize the rotational directions of the respective two secondary drive shafts by means of a further, again exemplary differential gear or to bring them into agreement with respect to their rotation. At the outer ends of the auxiliary drive shafts each helical gear are preferably arranged, which in turn drive over the entire width of the milling machine freely continuous milling drive shaft. On this latter is one Drive housing arranged with a bevel gear and the milling head. Rotations of the main drive shaft, in one or the other direction of rotation and with appropriate speed, thus causing in the direction of rotation and speed corresponding rotations of the milling head.

For the required feed movement of the milling head within the cross rail or on the support carriage and at the same time on the driving milling drive shaft provides a servo motor or a rack gear, with a spur gear, which engages in a parallel to the Fräsantriebswelle arranged rack. Instead of a rack and pinion gear can optionally be mounted on a threaded spindle and a worm gear.

A further preferred embodiment variant of the electric single drive or even the hydraulic single drive provides wheel hub motors, which are preferably designed to be as easy as possible interchangeable.

Of course, it is also possible to combine the three different drive types for the rotational movement of the milling head and also for the feed movement with each other. An advancing movement of a respective milling head according to the invention is composed of a translational movement of the milling head within the carrier carriage and a translatory movement of the carrier carriage within the transverse rail. And, if it is the design variant of a milling machine according to the invention with arranged perpendicular to the direction transverse rails, in addition from the preferably taking place in crawl forward or backward movement of the milling machine.

Both for the embodiment variant of a milling machine according to the invention with individual electrical drives, as well as for the embodiment variant of an inventive Milling machine with individual hydraulic drives, as well as for the design variant of a milling machine according to the invention with individual mechanical drives, as well as combinations thereof, the feed movement of a respective milling head (as stated above, preferably arbitrarily from the carrier carriage drive in the cross rail and from the translatory Fräskopfantrieb the milling head in the carrier carriage) insofar be coupled to the rotary drive of the milling head, as that they are directly proportional to each other. That is, a high rotational speed of the rotary drive also generates a fast feed motion. However, a feed movement of the milling heads which can be controlled independently of the rotational drive is preferred, for example by means of separate servomotors for the feed.

In particular, a mechanically constructed milling machine according to the invention or optionally also the other disclosed design variants are preferably equipped with low-wear and maintenance-free Teflon bearings or roller or deep groove ball bearings.

The milling heads of a milling machine according to the invention are preferably designed both for counter-rotating and for synchronous milling and can Wälzfräsköpfe be in which both the delivery, and the feed movement occur radially. The Wälzfräsköpfe preferably already have the width of the desired milling strips and further preferably exchangeable blades. But there are also face-Planfräsköpfe into consideration, in which the delivery takes place axially and the feed movement radially. The front face milling heads can also have several, preferably interchangeable, knives, or even only one, which would then correspond to the so-called percussion milling method.

Basically come as a milling tools and water jet or sandblasting nozzles into consideration.

The milling heads as a whole are preferably interchangeable. Thus, whether by the insertion of wider milling heads, or by an optional adjustability of the milling heads perpendicular to the feed motion, so closer to each other, not only parallel milling strips can be milled, but also flat surfaces.

The advancing and advancing movements of the individual milling heads are preferably monitored by optoelectronic position measuring systems or glass measuring strips or incremental or absolute displacement measuring systems or magnetic strips and furthermore preferably detected and controllable by means of a computer and displayed on the display, preferably in the driver's cab. This system preferably also includes corresponding sensors for monitoring the rotational speeds of the driven axles and milling heads, and thus is a combined path measuring and rotation monitoring system.

1. 1) Erfassen und Einmessen von bereits gefrästen Frässtreifen auf einem benachbarten Fahrstreifen, sodass die Fräsköpfe danach ausgerichtet werden können und exakt fortlaufend zu diesen bereits gefrästen Frässtreifen weitergefräst werden kann;
2. 2) Erfassen, Einmessen und Ausrichten der Fräsmaschine exakt mittig auf einem Fahrstreifen und exakt parallel zu den Fahrbahnmarkierungen, sodass der Winkel der Frässtreifen stimmt;
3. 3) Erfassen und Einmessen der Querneigung des Fahrstreifens oder der Straßen- oder der Autobahn-Fahrbahn, sodass ermittelbar ist, wo im Straßenverlauf und in welche Richtung die Frässtreifen gefräst werden sollen;
4. 4) Erfassen und Einmessen von Senken im Längsverlauf der Straße, sodass von Haus aus abflussschwache Zonen ermittelbar sind.

Furthermore, a milling machine according to the invention preferably comprises an opto-electronic detection system which, according to the invention and furthermore preferably with computer assistance, can fulfill the following four functions:

1. 1) detecting and calibrating already milled milling strips on an adjacent lane, so that the milling heads can be aligned thereafter and can continue to be milled precisely to these already milled milling strips;
2. 2) detecting, measuring and aligning the milling machine exactly in the middle of a lane and exactly parallel to the lane markings, so that the angle of the milling cutters is correct;
3. 3) Detecting and measuring the bank of the lane or the road or the highway lane, so that it is possible to determine where in the road and in which direction the Fräserreifen to be milled;
4. 4) Detecting and measuring sinks in the longitudinal course of the road, so that low-drain zones are determined by the house.

The opto-electronic detection system preferably comprises at least two different types of detection or rather sensors as they are known today and already in use. These are mono and stereo cameras and laser scanners. For a better support of the camera images at night, a thermal imaging camera is generally considered, but the combination of optical sensors with a radar is preferred. This combination is precise even at night and relatively independent of weather conditions and would then, strictly speaking, be an opto-electromagnetic detection system.

For distance measurements in the near range are still ultrasonic sensors into consideration.

Optionally, a GPS module is integrated in the control computer so that, for example, coordinates transmitted by a control center can be approached exactly.

Furthermore, it may optionally be provided to spray a seal with a hydrophobic silicone resin or with a polymer-modified cationic bitumen emulsion onto the milling strips by means of a spray nozzle arranged thereon, after milling and cleaning or suction.

The disclosed different design variants of a milling machine according to the invention are arbitrarily combinable with respect to the features not relevant to basic function. Thus, for example, all described embodiments variants can be combined with the described creeper or the telescopic support carriage and with the described stabilizing and leveling device or suspension stabilization, regardless of whether it is the Design variant with servomotors, hydraulic oil pump motors or wheel hub motors or the one that works purely mechanically with a rack gear or a spindle. Likewise, all described design variants can be equipped with both roughing and face milling heads, as well as with the cooling lubricant and suction system and with the opto-electronic detection system, with or without radar.

1. a)- Fortbewegen der Fräsmaschine zu einem vorgegebenen Einsatzort;
2. b)- falls kein Einsatzort vorgegeben ist, Erfassen und Einmessen eines Einsatzortes während des Fortbewegens, mit dem opto-elektronischen Erfassungssystem;
3. c)- Erfassen und Einmessen der Querneigung der Fahrbahn;
4. d)- Erfassen und Einmessen der Fahrstreifenmitte und der Fahrbahnmarkierungen;
5. e)- Ausrichten der Fräsmaschine mittig auf einem ersten Fahrstreifen und parallel zu den Fahrstreifenmarkierungen;
6. f)- Herunterfahren der Stützfüße auf die Fahrbahndecke;
7. g)- Stabilisieren und Nivellieren der Fräsmaschine mit der Stabilisier- und Nivelliervorrichtung;
8. h)- Ausfahren der Fräsköpfe und der Trägerschlitten, sodass die Fräsköpfe über die erste Fahrbahnmarkierung des ersten Fahrstreifens hinausragen;
9. i)- Einschalten der Kühl- und Schmieranlage;
10. j)- Einschalten der Reinigungs- und Sauganlage;
11. k)- Zustellen der Fräsköpfe auf die Fahrbahndecke in das Z-Fräsmaß;
12. l)- Betätigen des Vorschubantriebs;
13. m)- Fräsen der Frässtreifen bis an eine zweite Fahrbahnmarkierung des ersten Fahrstreifens;
14. n)- Zurückfahren der Fräsköpfe in Z-Richtung;
15. o)- Abschalten der Kühl- und Schmieranlage;
16. p)- Abschalten der Reinigungs- und Sauganlage;
17. q)- Einfahren der Fräsköpfe und der Trägerschlitten;
18. r)- Hochfahren der Stützfüße;
19. s)- Fortbewegen der Fräsmaschine auf einen zweiten, zum ersten benachbarten Fahrstreifen;
20. t)- Erfassen und Einmessen der Frässtreifen-Enden am Übergang zwischen dem ersten Fahrstreifen und dem zweiten Fahrstreifen;
21. u)- Ausrichten der Fräsmaschine auf dem zweiten Fahrstreifen;
22. v)- Wiederholen der Verfahrensschritte d)-s), sinngemäß.

The present application discloses a method for the simultaneous milling of a plurality of parallel milling strips on a highway section, with a milling machine according to claims 4, 6, 7 and 14, with the following basic method steps:

1. a) - Moving the milling machine to a predetermined location;
2. b) - if no place of use is specified, detecting and measuring a place of use while moving, with the opto-electronic detection system;
3. c) - detecting and measuring the bank of the roadway;
4. d) - detecting and calibrating the center of the lane and the lane markings;
5. e) - Aligning the milling machine centered on a first lane and parallel to the lane markings;
6. f) - Shutting down the support feet on the road surface;
7. g) stabilizing and leveling the milling machine with the stabilizing and leveling device;
8. h) - extending the milling heads and the carrier carriages so that the cutter heads protrude beyond the first lane mark of the first lane;
9. i) - switching on the cooling and lubrication system;
10. j) - switching on the cleaning and suction system;
11. k) - delivering the milling heads to the pavement in the Z-Fräsmaß;
12. l) - actuating the feed drive;
13. m) - Milling the milling strips to a second lane marking of the first lane;
14. n) - retraction of the milling heads in the Z direction;
15. o) - switching off the cooling and lubrication system;
16. p) - switching off the cleaning and suction system;
17. q) - retraction of the milling heads and the carrier carriages;
18. r) - raising the support feet;
19. s) - Moving the milling machine on a second, the first adjacent lane;
20. t) - detecting and calibrating the end-of-bite ends at the transition between the first lane and the second lane;
21. u) - aligning the milling machine on the second lane;
22. v) - repeating the process steps d) -s), mutatis mutandis.

• a') - Fortbewegen der Fräsmaschine zu einem vorgegebenen Einsatzort;
• b') - falls kein Einsatzort vorgegeben ist, Erfassen und Einmessen eines Einsatzortes während des Fortbewegens, mit dem opto-elektronischen Erfassungssystem;
• c') - Erfassen und Einmessen der Querneigung der Fahrbahn;
• d') - Erfassen und Einmessen der Fahrstreifenmitte und der Fahrbahnmarkierungen;
• e') - Ausrichten der Fräsmaschine mittig auf einem ersten Fahrstreifen und parallel zu den Fahrstreifenmarkierungen;
• f') - Herunterfahren der Stützräder auf die Fahrbahndecke oder Einschalten der fahrwerksstabilisierten Arbeitsposition;
• g') - Stabilisieren und Nivellieren der Fräsmaschine mit der Stabilisier- und Nivelliervorrichtung;
• h') - Ausfahren der Fräsköpfe und der Trägerschlitten, sodass die Fräsköpfe über eine erste Fahrstreifenmarkierung des ersten Fahrstreifens hinausragen;
• i') - Einschalten der Kühl- und Schmieranlage;
• j') - Einschalten der Reinigungs- und Sauganlage;
• k') - Zustellen der Fräsköpfe auf die Fahrbahndecke in das Z-Fräsmaß;
• 1') - Betätigen der Translationsbewegung und gleichzeitiges Betätigen des Kriechganges;
• m') - Fräsen der Frässtreifen bis an eine zweite Fahrstreifenmarkierung des ersten Fahrstreifens;
• n') - Zurückfahren der Fräsköpfe in Z-Richtung;
• o') - Abschalten der Kühl- und Schmieranlage;
• p') - Abschalten der Reinigungs- und Sauganlage;
• q') - Einfahren der Fräsköpfe und der Trägerschlitten;
• r') - Hochfahren der Stützräder oder Ausschalten der fahrwerksstabilisierten Arbeitsposition;
• s') - Fortbewegen der Fräsmaschine auf einen zweiten, zum ersten benachbarten Fahrstreifen;
• t') - Erfassen und Einmessen der Frässtreifen-Enden am Übergang zwischen dem ersten. Fahrstreifen und dem zweiten Fahrstreifen;
• u') - Ausrichten der Fräsmaschine auf dem zweiten Fahrstreifen;
• v') - Wiederholen der Verfahrensschritte d')-s'), sinngemäß.

The present application discloses a second method for the simultaneous milling of a plurality of parallel milling strips on a highway section, with a milling machine according to claims 3 to 7 and 14, with the following basic method steps:

• a ') - Moving the milling machine to a predetermined location;
• b ') - if no place of use is specified, recording and measuring a place of use while moving, with the opto-electronic detection system;
• c ') - detecting and measuring the bank of the carriageway;
• d ') - detecting and calibrating the lane center and the lane markings;
• e ') - aligning the milling machine centered on a first lane and parallel to the lane markings;
• f ') - Shutting down the support wheels on the road surface or switching on the chassis-stabilized working position;
• g ') - stabilizing and leveling the milling machine with the stabilizing and leveling device;
• h ') - extending the cutter heads and the carrier carriages so that the cutter heads protrude beyond a first lane marker of the first lane;
• i ') - switching on the cooling and lubrication system;
• j ') - switching on the cleaning and suction system;
• k ') - delivering the milling heads to the road surface in the Z-Fräsmaß;
• 1 ') - activating the translation movement and simultaneously actuating the crawl gear;
• m ') - Milling the milling strips to a second lane marking of the first lane;
• n ') - retraction of the milling heads in the Z direction;
• o ') - switching off the cooling and lubrication system;
• p ') - switching off the cleaning and suction system;
• q ') - retraction of the milling heads and the carrier carriages;
• r ') - raising the support wheels or switching off the chassis-stabilized working position;
• s') - moving the milling machine to a second, to the first adjacent lane;
• t ') - detecting and measuring the end of the end of the bite at the transition between the first. Lanes and the second lane;
• u ') - aligning the milling machine on the second lane;
• v ') - repeating the method steps d') - s'), mutatis mutandis.

• Sie kann sowohl Rillen bzw. Frässtreifen, als auch Flächen fräsen.
• Sie verbessert die Sicherheit von Straßen hinsichtlich der Gefahren von Aquaplaning und überfrierender Nässe signifikant.
• Sie verbessert den Abfluss des Wassers und erhöht somit die Lebensdauer der Fahrbahndecken.
• Sie beseitigt den Stau von Wasser an zu dick aufgetragenen Fahrbahnmarkierungen.
• Sie ist sowohl für Asphalt, als auch für Beton und andere Materialien geeignet, aus denen Fahrbahndecken bestehen, egal, ob die Deckschicht neu und noch plan, oder alt und verworfen ist.
• Sie ist Arbeitskraft und Zeit sparend, weil nicht nur ein einzelner Frässtreifen, sondern mehrere gleichzeitig und automatisch-maschinell gefräst werden können.
• Sie verfügt über ein opto-elektronisches Erfassungssystem, das die Querneigung der Fahrbahn und Senken im Längsverlauf der Straße erfassen kann und so die optimalen Anbringungsorte für die Frässtreifen ermittelt.
• Mittels des opto-elektronischen Erfassungssystems können ohne Vollsperrung beider Fahrstreifen zuerst die Frässtreifen auf dem ersten Fahrstreifen gefräst werden und anschließend exakt fortlaufend die Frässtreifen auf dem zweiten Fahrstreifen.
• Eine erfindungsgemäße Fräsmaschine bzw. ihr opto-elektronisches Erfassungssystem funktioniert auch bei Dunkelheit.
• Sie liefert ein maschinell-präzises Fräsergebnis.
• Sie kann selbst von einem Einsatzort zu einem anderen fahren.
• Sie hat keine Überbreite und braucht somit für ihre Fahrten keine Sonderbewilligungen. Obwohl die erfindungsgemäße Fräsmaschine keine Überbreite hat, ist trotzdem eine komplette Fahrstreifenbreite fräsbar.
• Sofern damit ausgerüstet, kann eine erfindungsgemäße Fräsmaschine beim Fräsvorgang mittels einer Stabilisier- und Nivelliervorrichtung stabilisiert und ausnivelliert werden.
• Sofern damit ausgerüstet, kann bei einer Ausgestaltungsvariante einer erfindungsgemäßen Fräsmaschine das Fahrwerk stabilisiert werden.
• Eine erfindungsgemäße Fräsmaschine kann Frässtreifen mit steigendem oder fallendem Gefälle fräsen.
• Das Fräsen erfolgt kühlgeschmiert und der Frässchlamm wird abgesaugt und direkt abtransportiert.

A milling machine according to the invention has the following advantages:

• It can mill both grooves or milling strips as well as surfaces.
• It significantly improves the safety of roads with regard to the dangers of aquaplaning and freezing wetness.
• It improves the drainage of the water and thus increases the service life of the road surfaces.
• It eliminates the congestion of water on too thick applied road markings.
• It is suitable for asphalt as well as for concrete and other materials that make up road surfaces, regardless of whether the top layer is new and still flat, or old and discarded.
• It is both labor-intensive and time-saving, because not only a single milling strip, but several can be milled simultaneously and automatically by machine.
• It has an opto-electronic detection system that can detect the road inclination and lowering along the length of the road, thus determining the optimal locations for the milling tires.
• By means of the opto-electronic detection system, the burrs on the first lane can first be milled without full closure of both lanes, and then the burrs on the second lane can be precisely continuously cut.
• A milling machine according to the invention or its opto-electronic detection system also works in the dark.
• It delivers a machine-precise milling result.
• She can drive herself from one job site to another.
• It has no excess width and thus does not need any special permits for their journeys. Although the milling machine according to the invention has no excess width, nevertheless a complete lane width can be milled.
• If equipped with it, a milling machine according to the invention can be stabilized and leveled during the milling process by means of a stabilizing and leveling device.
• If equipped with it, in a design variant of a milling machine according to the invention, the landing gear can be stabilized.
• A milling machine according to the invention can cut milling strips with rising or falling gradient.
• The milling is done by cooling and the milling sludge is sucked off and transported away directly.

Further or advantageous embodiments of a milling machine according to the invention form the subject of the dependent claims.

The list of reference numerals is part of the disclosure.

The invention will be explained symbolically and by way of example with reference to figures. The figures are described coherently and comprehensively. They represent schematic and exemplary representations and are not to scale, not even in the relation of the individual components to each other. The same reference symbols denote the same component, reference symbols with different indices indicate functionally identical or similar components.

• Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer beispielhaften ersten Ausgestaltungsvariante einer erfindungsgemäßen Fräsmaschine, die vorzugsweise LKW-ähnlich aufgebaut ist;
• Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer Unterseite der erfindungsgemäßen Fräsmaschine aus der Fig. 1, mit schräg angeordneten Querschienen;
• Fig. 3 eine schematische Darstellung einer Unterseite einer beispielhaften zweiten Ausgestaltungsvariante einer erfindungsgemäßen Fräsmaschine, mit senkrecht zur Fahrtrichtung angeordneten Querschienen;
• Fig. 4 eine schematische Darstellung einer beispielhaften Ausgestaltungsvariante eines weiterhin erfindungsgemäßen Fräskopfes einer erfindungsgemäßen Fräsmaschine;
• Fig. 5 eine schematische Darstellung eines mechanischen Antriebs einer beispielhaften dritten Ausgestaltungsvariante einer erfindungsgemäßen Fräsmaschine;
• Fig. 6 eine schematische Darstellung eines Antriebsgehäuses einer beispielhaften vierten, rein mechanisch funktionierenden Ausgestaltungsvariante einer erfindungsgemäßen Fräsmaschine;
• Fig. 7a eine schematische Darstellung eines speziellen Rillenkugellagers, das in dem Antriebsgehäuse aus der Fig. 6 eingebaut ist;
• Fig. 7b eine schematische Darstellung eines speziellen Kegelrades, das ebenfalls in dem Antriebsgehäuse aus der Fig. 6 eingebaut ist;
• Fig. 8 eine schematische Darstellung aus der Vogelperspektive einer beispielhaften fünften Ausgestaltungsvariante einer erfindungsgemäßen Fräsmaschine, bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Fräsen eines zweiten Fahrstreifens und
• Fig. 9 eine schematische Darstellung einer beispielhaften sechsten Ausgestaltungsvariante einer erfindungsgemäßen Fräsmaschine, mit einer weiterhin erfindungsgemäßen Erfassungsvorrichtung für Senkungen im Längsverlauf einer Straße.

It show here

• Fig. 1 a schematic representation of an exemplary first embodiment variant of a milling machine according to the invention, which is preferably constructed similar truck;
• Fig. 2 a schematic representation of an underside of the milling machine according to the invention from the Fig. 1 , with diagonally arranged cross rails;
• Fig. 3 a schematic representation of a bottom of an exemplary second embodiment variant of a milling machine according to the invention, with arranged perpendicular to the direction transverse rails;
• Fig. 4 a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment variant of a further inventive milling head of a milling machine according to the invention;
• Fig. 5 a schematic representation of a mechanical drive of an exemplary third embodiment variant of a milling machine according to the invention;
• Fig. 6 a schematic representation of a drive housing of an exemplary fourth purely mechanically functioning design variant of a milling machine according to the invention;
• Fig. 7a a schematic representation of a special deep groove ball bearing, which in the drive housing from the Fig. 6 is installed;
• Fig. 7b a schematic representation of a special bevel gear, which also in the drive housing from the Fig. 6 is installed;
• Fig. 8 a schematic representation of the Aerial view of an exemplary fifth embodiment variant of a milling machine according to the invention, in a milling a second lane according to the invention and
• Fig. 9 a schematic representation of an exemplary sixth embodiment variant of a milling machine according to the invention, with a further inventive detection device for subsidence in the longitudinal course of a road.

In the Fig. 1 an example exemplary first embodiment variant of a milling machine 100 according to the invention is shown schematically, which is similar to a truck and thus includes a driver's cab 2, a supporting chassis or a lead frame 3 and a coolant tank 4 with a filling hatch 5 for cooling lubricant KSS. On the supporting chassis or lead frame 3 milling heads 1a-1f are arranged, with milling rollers 5a-5f, each flanked by a spray nozzle 6a-6f for the cooling lubricant KSS and each of a suction nozzle 7a-7f.

The spray nozzles 6a-6f, the connecting lines to the coolant lubricant tank 4, not shown, as well as a likewise not shown control are part of a cooling and lubricating system 200th

The suction nozzles 7a-7f, in turn, are part of a cleaning and suction system 300, which comprises a container 8 for sucked up milling sludge FS, which in turn can be emptied by means of a folding door 9 and a hydraulic cylinder 10. On a bottom 11 of the supporting chassis or ladder frame 3 hydraulic support feet are arranged, of which only the hydraulic support leg 12 can be seen in this side view. These hydraulic support legs 12 can be supported on a road surface FBD and stabilize the milling machine 100 during milling.

The Fig. 2 shows the bottom 11 of the milling machine 100 from the Fig. 1 or the supporting chassis or ladder frame 3. In this view, the remaining support feet 12a-12c are now visible, which are part of a stabilizing and leveling device 400. At an angle W, which is approximately 45 degrees, transverse rails 13a-13f are arranged, in each of which a carrier carriage 14a-14f can run along a respective translational displacement direction 15a-15f, each driven by a servomotor 16a-16f.

The carriage 14a-14f are telescopically moved out on a milling machine width FMB _1, in their respective cross rails 13a-13f on both sides of the milling machine 100 has a working width AB _1, which in turn corresponds to a maximum and, ideally, lane width.

The milling heads 1a-1f are drivable by means of further, unspecified servomotors in a direction of displacement 17 on their respective carrier carriages 14a-14f. The vector sum from the translational displacement direction 15a-15f of the carrier carriages 14a-14f and the displacement direction 17 of the milling heads 1a-1f results in a feed movement VB ₁ , which in turn makes it clear that when the milling machine 100 is stationary and leveled by the support feet 12, 12a-12c and the stabilizing and leveling device 400, the milling heads 1a-1f alone by the feed movement VB ₁ along the approximately 45-bar cross rails the desired diagonal grooves or milling strips are milled into the pavement.

In the Fig. 3 is a second embodiment variant of a milling machine 100a according to the invention with a bottom 11a of a supporting chassis or lead frame 3a shown schematically. This time cross rails 13g-13l are arranged at a right angle W ₁ , that is perpendicular to a direction of travel, which corresponds to a creeper KG. In the cross rails 13g-131 are each carrier carriages 14g-14l arranged and driven by means of servomotors 16g-161 in respective translational Verschieregungen 15g-15l, so that they are telescopically over a milling machine width FMB ₂ out to a working width AB _{2 can be moved} out. In addition, milling heads 1g-1l are likewise each drivable on the carrier carriages 14g-14l in a displacement direction 17a.

This results in a translational movement TB, which can be arbitrarily combined from the displacement movement 15g-151 of the carrier carriages 14g-14l and the displacement movement 17a of the milling heads 1g-1l. Due to the fact that milling in this embodiment variant of a milling machine 100a according to the invention takes place during travel, preferably in the creeper passage KG, a feed motion VB ₂ results, which is the vector sum of the translational movement TB and the crawl KG. In the case of identity or synchronicity of the creeper KG with the translational movement TB, therefore, a feed movement VB ₂ results, which is then oriented at an angle W ₂ of 45 degrees to the direction of travel. By contrast, if these two movements are not identical or synchronous, the result is a different angle, corresponding to the ratio of the speeds of the two movements to one another. In this way, milling strips can be milled at any angle.

Only schematically shown milling 27a-27f at the milling heads 1g-1l are aligned at the same angle W ₂ . This feature is eliminated if the milling heads 1g-1l are not equipped with milling cutters 27a-27f, but with face milling heads.

Preferably, before inserting the creeper KG, the milling machine 100a is stabilized and leveled by means of a stabilizing and leveling device 400a, which includes support wheels 18a-18d which are movable, inter alia, in the Z direction.

The Fig. 4 shows the milling head 1a from the FIGS. 1 and 2 comprising a cylinder 19 which is alignable about an axis of rotation RA in a rotational movement RB in an arbitrary milling direction. At this cylinder 19, the spray nozzle 6a for the cooling lubricant KSS and the suction nozzle 7a for the milling sludge FS are attached. These two nozzles are shown arranged on the sides of a milling drum 27, but it may also be the spray nozzle 6a in front of the milling drum 27 and the suction pipe 7a behind it. The entire milling head 1a is deliverable in the Z direction along a feed movement ZB.

The drive of a milling head 1a constructed in this way can take place by means of an electric motor or a hydraulic oil pump motor, which for example drives a worm 20 and this, in turn, a first worm wheel 21, which is rotatably mounted on a first axle shaft 22 and the latter in pivot bearings 23a and 23b is rotatably mounted. The first worm wheel 21 drives a second worm wheel 24, which is rotatably mounted on a second axle shaft 25, which in turn is rotatably mounted in pivot bearings 26a and 26b. Also rotatably on the second axle 25, the milling drum 27 is arranged, with rows of individual blades 28 with replaceable inserts.

In the Fig. 5 an exemplary mechanical drive device 600 of a further inventive milling machine 100b is shown schematically. From a main drive shaft 29, a respective secondary drive shaft 31a and 31b are branched off by means of a differential 30. On the secondary drive shaft 31a, another differential 30a is interposed, so that the rotation in respective spur gears 32a and 32b is synchronized. These two spur gears 32a and 32b rotate a drive shaft 33 having a continuous hub 34. The hub 34, and preferably another, diametrically opposite, drive with a drive rotation AR and one in this Fig. 5 not closer shown bevel gear in the interior of a drive housing 35 a milling head 1m in a corresponding Fräsrotation FR on. The milling head 1m this time is a face-milling head, on the outer circumference of individual knife 28a are preferably arranged with interchangeable cutting plates.

Only indicated is a arranged in the drive housing 35 servomotor 36a, which provides a ZB ₁ delivery of the milling head 1m, and also also just indicated servomotor 36b, which in turn accomplishes a sliding movement 17b along the drive shaft 33. The displacement movement 17b corresponds in this case to a feed movement VB ₃ .

The Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment variant of a milling machine according to the invention 100c a drive housing 35a, which works purely mechanically. Between a housing wall 37 and a fastening ring 38, a first bevel gear 39a is mounted so that it can rotate freely by means of ball rings 40a and 40b in circular grooves 41a and 41b. At the same time, the first bevel gear 39 a is rotatably but axially displaceably mounted on a drive shaft 33 a with a hub 34 a.

The drive shaft 33a is mounted in special ball bearings 42a and 42b, which will be explained in more detail in a following figure. In any case, these special ball bearings 42a and 42b allow radial guidance with simultaneous axial displaceability of the drive shaft 33a. Thereby, the invention ensures that the drive housing 35a driving rotation AR ₁ of the drive shaft 33a for a Fräsrotation FR ₁ In a milling head picks up, at the same time but is displaceable in a displacement direction 17c.

The first bevel gear 39a engages in a second bevel gear 39b, which in turn rotatably on a Fräskopfwelle 43rd is attached. The latter is mounted in double ball-bearings 53a and 53b and rotates about a rotational axis RA. ₁ Furthermore, the Fräskopfwelle 43, also rotatably mounted, a spur gear 44 which engages through a rear housing opening 45 in a rack 46. The spur gear 44 and the rack 46 are components of a rack gear 700. In an illustrated here purely mechanical drive device causes 600a, the driving rotation AR _1, the drive shaft 33a, the Fräsrotation FR _1, while also a feed movement VB. ₄

Furthermore, in this Fig. 6 can still be seen that are arranged on the milling head In individual blades 28b with interchangeable cutting plates and a Wegbegrenzer 47 limits the sliding movement 17c by the drive rotation AR _{1 is} stopped. The travel limiter 47 is preferably part of a path measuring and rotation monitoring system 800.

The Fig. 7a shows a sectional view of the special ball bearing 42a of the Fig. 6 , Balls 50 run in an outer raceway groove 52 of an outer ring 54 and an inner raceway groove 51 of an inner ring 55. The latter has diametrically oppositely disposed inner grooves 48a and 48b, each provided with ball bearings 49a and 49b or Teflon bearings which, while radially the driving rotation AR ₁ of the inner Drive shaft 33a from the Fig. 6 transmitted, but axially, so perpendicular out of the plane of the drawing, remain displaceable. The hub 34a from the Fig. 6 this can have the ball bearings 49a and 49b corresponding longitudinal grooves.

The same applies mutatis mutandis to the bevel gear 39a from the Fig. 7b where inner grooves 48c and 48d radially support with ball bearings 49c and 49d, but not axially.

In the Fig. 8 is schematically shown a milling machine 100d at a site EO, which has a highway A with a roadway FB is, with a first lane FSt ₁ and a second lane FSt _2nd The lanes FSt ₁ and FSt ₂ are defined by lane markings FBM ₁ -FBM ₃ . On the first lane FSt ₁ milling strips 56a-56f have already been milled diagonally to a driving direction FD.

The milling machine 100d, in the analogous to the milling machine from the Fig. 3 Carrier carriages 14m-14r with respective milling heads 1o-1t are arranged perpendicular to the driving direction FD approaches on the second lane FSt ₂ the already milled milling strips 56a-56f, preferably tared with the three milling heads 1o-1q on the left side and the milling heads 1r -1t on the right side, each extended in a maximum working width AB ₃ .

It suffices to detect and measure milling-end-ends 57a-57c of the milling tires 56d-56f and a lane center FStM by means of an opto-electronic detection system 500, so that the milling heads 1r-1t start to mill precisely and the milling tires 56d-56f start over the lane marking Continue FBM ₂ and over the road marking FBM ₃ . Coming from the opposite direction, the milling cutters of the milling heads 1o-1q will automatically be aligned with the milling tapers 56a-56c, as long as the milling machine that has milled the milling tapers 56a-56f is the same with the same settings.

In the Fig. 9 schematically shows that a milling machine 100e is equipped with an opto-electronic detection system 500a, which measures both a sink S with a low point TP in the longitudinal course of a highway A ₁ , as well as a bank QN detected and computer-assisted by means of a leading white multivan MV can be used to determine a new location EO ₁ .

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

• 1a-1t - milling head
• 2 - driver's cab
• 3, 3a - supporting chassis or ladder frame
• 4 - Coolant tank
• 5 - Filling hatch
• 6a-6f - Spray nozzle
• 7a-7f - Suction nozzle
• 8 - Container for milling sludge
• 9 - hinged door
• 10 - hydraulic cylinder
• 11, 11a - bottom of 3
• 12, 12a-12c - hydraulic support foot
• 13a-13l - cross rail
• 14a-14r carrier beam
• 15a-15l - translational displacement direction of 14
• 16a-16l - servomotor
• 17, 17a-17c - shifting direction of 1
• 18a-18d - support wheel
• 19 - cylinder
• 20 - snail
• 21 - first worm wheel
• 22 - first axle shaft
• 23a, 23b - pivot bearing
• 24 - second worm wheel
• 25 - second axle shaft
• 26a, 26b - pivot bearing
• 27, 27a-27f - milling drum
• 28, 28a, 28b - single knife
• 29 - Main drive shaft
• 30, 30a - Differential
• 31a, 31b - PTO shaft
• 32a, 32b - helical gear
• 33, 33a - drive shaft
• 34, 34a hub
• 35, 35a - Drive housing
• 36a, 36b - servomotor
• 37 - housing wall
• 38 - mounting ring
• 39a, 39b - bevel gear
• 40a, 40b - ball ring
• 41a, 41b - circular groove
• 42a, 42b - special ball bearings
• 43 - Milling head shaft
• 44 - spur gear
• 45 - housing opening
• 46 - rack
• 47 - travel limiter
• 48a-48d - inner groove
• 49a-49d - Ball bearing, Teflon bearing
• 50 - ball
• 51 - inner raceway
• 52 - outer raceway
• 53a, 53b - double deep groove ball bearings
• 54 - outer ring
• 55 - inner ring
• 56a-56f - Breadsticks
• 57a-57c - Milling ends
• 100, 100a-100e - milling machine
• 200 - Cooling and lubrication system
• 300 - Cleaning and suction system
• 400, 400a - Stabilizing and leveling device
• 500, 500a - opto-electronic detection system
• 600, 600a - mechanical drive device
• 700 - rack and pinion gear
• 800 - Position measuring and rotation monitoring system
• A, A ₁ - motorway
• AB ₁ -AB ₃ - working width
• AR, AR ₁ - drive rotation
• EO, EO ₁ - location
• FB - roadway
• FBM ₁ -FBM ₃ - road markings
• FBD - road surface
• FD - driving direction, direction of travel
• FMB ₁ , FMB ₂ - milling machine width
• FR, FR ₁ - Milling rotation
• FS - Milling Sludge
• FSt ₁ , FSt ₂ - lanes
• FStM - lane center
• KG - crawlspace
• KSS - Cooling lubricant
• MV - Multivan
• QN - bank
• RA, RA ₁ - rotation axis
• RB - rotational movement
• S - sink
• TB - translation movement
• TP - low point
• VB ₁ -VB ₄ - Feed motion
• W, W ₁ , W ₂ - angle
• Eg, ZB ₁ - delivery movement

Claims (16)

1. Milling machine (100, 100a-100e) having a milling machine width (FMB₁, FMB₂) and a milling machine underside (11, 11a), on which are arranged at least two parallel transverse rails (13a-131) and thereon are arranged carrier slides (14a-14r), being telescopically displaceable and controllable in a translational displacement direction (15a-151) at least on one side beyond the milling machine width (FMB₁, FMB₂) to a working width (AB₁-AB₃), with milling heads (1a-1t) arranged on the carrier slides (14a-14r), characterized in that the carrier slide (14a-14r) is arranged telescopically displaceably in each transverse rail (13a-131) respectively and in that on each carrier slide (14a-14r) a respectively individual milling head (1a-1t) is arranged displaceable and controllable on the carrier slide (14a-14r) in a second direction of displacement (17, 17a-17c) of the milling head (1a-1t), identical to the translational displacement direction (15a-151) of the carrier slide (14-14r) and in that the carrier slides (14a-14r) are displaceable and controllable on both sides beyond the milling machine width (FMB₁, FMB₂) to the working width (AB₁-AB₃) in the translational displacement direction (15a-151).
2. Milling machine (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the parallel transverse rails (13a-13f) are arranged at an angle (W) diagonal to a driving direction (FD) of the milling machine (100) and a forward feed motion (VB₁) of the milling heads (1a-1f) is composed of the direction of displacement (17) of the milling heads (1a-1f) in the carrier slides (14a-14f) and of the translational displacement direction (15a-15f) of the carrier slides (14a-14f) in the transverse rails (13a-13f).
3. Milling machine (100a, 100d) according to claim 1, characterized in that the parallel transverse rails (13g-131) are arranged at a 90-degree angle (W₁) perpendicular to the driving direction (FD) of the milling machine (100a, 100e) and a forward feed motion (VB₂) of the milling heads (1g-1t) is composed of the milling heads' (1g-1t) displacement direction (17a) in the carrier slides (14g-141) and of the translational displacement direction (15g-151) of the carrier slides (14g-141) in the transverse rails (13g-131) and of a creep speed (KG) of the milling machine (100a-100e) in the driving direction (FD).
4. Milling machine (100, 100a-100e) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the milling machine (100, 100a-100e) comprises a stabilizing and levelling device (400, 400a), with supporting legs (12, 12a-12c) or supporting wheels (18a-18d).
5. Milling machine (100, 100a-100e) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the milling machine (100, 100a-100e) comprises a chassis stabilization, which stiffens the suspension and the shock absorbers of the milling machine (100, 100a-100e).
6. Milling machine (100, 100a-100e) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the milling heads (1a-1t) are deliverable in the Z direction by means of an feed motion (ZB, ZB₁) and milling strips (56a-56f) are millable in an inclination, which lies in a range of 0.5-5%, and preferably amounts to 2.5%.
7. Milling machine (100, 100a-100e) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the milling machine (100, 100a-100e) comprises a cooling and lubrication unit (200) and a cleaning and suction unit (300).
8. Milling machine (100, 100a-100e) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a drive rotation (AR, AR₁) as well as a milling rotation (FR, FR₁) and the forward feed motion (VB₁-VB₄) are producible by means of electric motors.
9. Milling machine (100, 100a-100e) according to one of the preceding claims 1-7, characterized in that the drive rotation (AR, AR₁) as well as the milling rotation (FR, FR₁) and the forward feed motion (VB₁-VB₄) are producible by means of hydraulic oil pump motors.
10. Milling machine (100, 100a-100e) according to one of the preceding claims 1-7, characterized in that the drive rotation (AR, AR₁) as well as the milling rotation (FR, FR₁) and the forward feed motion (VB₁-VB₄) are producible by means of a driving device (600, 600a) that comprises a rack and pinion gear (700) or a spindle drive.
11. Milling machine (100, 100a-100e) according to one of the preceding claims 1-7, characterized in that the drive rotation (AR, AR₁) as well as the milling rotation (FR, FR₁) and the forward feed motion (VB₁-VB₄) are producible by means of wheel hub motors.
12. Milling machine (100, 100a-100e) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the milling heads (1a-It) comprise water nozzles or sand jet nozzles.
13. Milling machine (100, 100a-100e) according to one of the preceding claims 6-12, characterized in that the feed motions (ZB, ZB₁) of the milling heads (1a-1t) and the forward feed motion (VB₁-VB₄) of the milling heads (1a-1t) are controllable by means of a position monitoring system and rotation monitoring system (800).
14. Milling machine (100, 100a-100e) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the milling machine (100, 100a-100e) comprises an optoelectronic detection system (500, 500a), by means of which a traffic lane centre (FStM), milling strip ends (57a-57c) of already milled milling strips (56a-56f), a traffic lane's transverse inclination (QN) and depressions (S) along the carriageway (FB) are detectable.
15. Procedure for applying the milling machine (100) according to claims 4, 6, 7 and 14, characterized in that the following procedural steps are carried out:

    a)- moving the milling machine (100) to a predetermined site of operation (EO, EO₁);

    b)- if there is no site of operation (EO, EO₁) specified in advance, detecting and measuring of potential sites of operation (EO, EO₁) during movement, with the optoelectronic detection system (500, 500a);

    c)- detecting and measuring of the transverse inclination (QN) of the carriageway (FB);

    d)- detecting and measuring the centre of traffic lane (FStM) and of traffic lane markings (FBM₁-FBM₃);

    e)- aligning the milling machine (100) in the centre of a first traffic lane (FSt₁) and parallel with the traffic lane markings (FBM₁, FBM₂);

    f)- lowering the supporting legs (12, 12a-12c) to the road surface (FBD);

    g)- stabilizing and levelling the milling machine (100) with the stabilizing and levelling device (400, 400a);

    h)- extending the milling heads (1a-1f) and the carrier slides (14a-14f) so that the milling heads (1a-1f) extend beyond the first traffic lane marking (FBM₁) of the first traffic lane (FSt₁)

    i)- switching on the cooling and lubrication unit (200);

    j)- switching on the cleaning and suction unit (300);

    k)- delivering the milling heads (1a-1f) to the road surface (FBD), at the milling dimension Z;

    l)- actuating the forward feed motion (VB₁);

    m)- milling the milling strips (56a-56f) as far as to a second traffic lane marking (FBM₂) of the first traffic lane (FSt₁);

    n)- retracting the milling heads (1a-1f) in the Z direction;

    o)- switching off the cooling and lubrication unit (200);

    p)- switching off the cleaning and suction unit (300);

    q)- retracting the milling heads (1a-1f) and the carrier slides (14a-14f);

    r)- lifting up the supporting legs (12, 12a-12c);

    s)- moving the milling machine (100) onto a second traffic lane (FSt₂) adjacent to the first one;

    t)- detecting and measuring the milling strip ends (57a-57c) of the milling strips at the transition point between the first traffic lane (FSt₁) and the second traffic lane (FSt₂);

    u)- aligning the milling machine (100) to the second traffic lane (FSt₂) ;

    v)- repeating procedural steps d)-s), correspondingly.
16. Procedure for applying the milling machine (100a-100e) according to claims 3-7 and 14, characterized in that the following procedural steps are carried out:

    a') - moving the milling machine (100a-100e) to a predetermined site of operation (EO, EO₁);

    b') - if there is no site of operation (EO, EO₁) specified in advance, detecting and measuring of potential sites of operation (EO, EO₁) during movement, with the optoelectronic detection system (500, 500a);

    c') - detecting and measuring of the transverse inclination (QN) of carriageway (FB);

    d') - detecting and measuring of the centre of traffic lane (FStM) and of the traffic lane markings (FBM₁-FBM₃);

    e') - aligning the milling machine (100a-100e) in the centre of a first traffic lane (FSt₁) and parallel with the traffic lane markings (FBM₁, FBM₂);

    f') - lowering the supporting wheels (18-18d) to the road surface (FBD) or switching on the operating position of the chassis stabilization;

    g') - stabilizing and levelling the milling machine (100a-100e) with the stabilizing and levelling device (400, 400a);

    h') - extending the milling heads (1g-1t) and the carrier slides (14g-14r) so that the milling heads (1g-1t) extend beyond a first traffic lane marking (FBM₁) of the first traffic lane (FSt₁) ;

    i') - switching on the cooling and lubrication unit (200);

    j') - switching on the cleaning and suction unit (300);

    k') - delivering the milling heads (1g-1t) to the road surface (FBD), at the milling dimension Z;

    l') - actuating the translational motion (TB) of the carrier slides (14g-14r) and of the milling heads (1g-1t) and simultaneously, actuating the creep speed (KG) of the milling machine (100a-100e);

    m') - milling the milling strips (56a-56f) as far as to a second traffic lane marking (FBM₂) of the first traffic lane (FSt₁);

    n') - retracting the milling heads (1g-1t) in the Z direction;

    o') - switching off the cooling and lubrication unit (200);

    p') - switching off the cleaning and suction unit (300);

    q') - retracting the milling heads (1g-1t) and the carrier slides (14g-14r);

    r') - lifting up the supporting wheels (18a-18d) or switching off the operating position of the chassis stabilization;

    s') - moving the milling machine (100a-100e) onto a second traffic lane (FSt₂) adjacent to the first one;

    t') - detecting and measuring the milling strip ends (57a-57c) at the transition point between the first traffic lane (FSt₁) and the second traffic lane (FSt₂);

    u') - aligning of the milling machine (100a-100e) on the second traffic lane (FSt₂);

    v') - repeating procedural steps d')-s'), correspondingly.

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