EP3277896A1 - Device for contrasting rising damp in masonry - Google Patents

Device for contrasting rising damp in masonry

Info

Publication number
EP3277896A1
EP3277896A1 EP16715475.6A EP16715475A EP3277896A1 EP 3277896 A1 EP3277896 A1 EP 3277896A1 EP 16715475 A EP16715475 A EP 16715475A EP 3277896 A1 EP3277896 A1 EP 3277896A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
magnetic flux
flux density
elements
masonry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16715475.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michele Vito STASOLLA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Polimagnet Ltd
Original Assignee
Polimagnet Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Polimagnet Ltd filed Critical Polimagnet Ltd
Publication of EP3277896A1 publication Critical patent/EP3277896A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for contrasting rising damp in masonry.
  • the traces of damp can stop at a few centimeters from the ground, or they may extend to several meters in height, according to the thickness of the masonry affected by the phenomenon and to the porosity of the building materials with which the masonry is made.
  • Rising damp is a complex phenomenon and cannot be ascribed, in terms of cause, to just one phenomenon only.
  • the chemical barrier is a system suitable for compact brick masonry. It consists of the insertion of special mixtures into the masonry in order to form a substantial layer which acts as a barrier to water. Special transfusers are used which, through a series of holes made at the base of the wall, release the product and favor its diffusion in the section of masonry.
  • the duration depends on the type of resin, on atmospheric agents, on stray currents and on the salts present within the masonry. It is a very expensive system that does not, however, guarantee a result, in that there is no way to control the resin inside the masonry.
  • the mechanical barrier is used on walls in brick and tile; such method consists of separating the damp masonry from the foundation, by making a horizontal cut in the supporting walls (perimeter walls and indoor dividing walls) with the aid of special equipment.
  • the cut is carried out with special machines that are expensive to source.
  • Electrophysical systems are based on the fact that the water molecule has a dipolar character, with a positive electrical charge and a negative electrical charge, and it can therefore be driven in a given direction by way of an electric current.
  • Electro-osmosis movement of the damp by means of current
  • Electro-osmosis movement of the damp by means of current
  • systems whereby electrodes are inserted in the damp wall, by way of which, through the injection of current from a special power supply, it is possible to move the capillary damp in the direction of the negative electrode.
  • Another conventional technique is inverting the polarities using magnetic bars.
  • a further conventional technique is dehumidification by way of electromagnetic wave devices.
  • One or more electrical control units are placed in position, which emanate an electromagnetic field in order to invert the polarities or cancel out the charge.
  • Another conventional technique is the system of dehumidification through terrestrial waves and vibrations.
  • a device which uses the terrestrial energy in the ground to invert the polarities or remove the charge.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a device for contrasting rising damp in walls, which is capable of overcoming the drawbacks of conventional systems.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a device that can be applied without carrying out lengthy and expensive work on the masonry of a building.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a device that can be applied in any already-existing building.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a device that can be installed directly by the end user, without further costs of specialist technicians and without scheduled maintenance by specialist firms.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a device that is not harmful to the health of animal or plant life located in the vicinity.
  • a device for contrasting rising damp in masonry characterized in that it comprises a permanent magnet from which at least one element for propagating magnetic flux density extends.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevation view of the device according to the invention.
  • - Figure 2 is a cross- sectional side view of the device in Figure 1 ;
  • - Figure 3 is a cross-sectional side view of an application of the device according to the invention;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the operation of the device according to the invention.
  • a device for contrasting rising damp in masonry according to the invention is generally designated with the reference numeral 10.
  • the device 10 comprises: a permanent magnet 11 from which at least one element for propagating magnetic flux density 12 extends, and which in the example described herein comprises a plate-like permanent magnet 11 and two elements for propagating magnetic flux density, 12 and 13 respectively, which are fixed on opposite faces 14 and 15 of the permanent magnet 11.
  • the elements for propagating magnetic flux density 12 and 13 are known as 'magnetic lenses' in the jargon.
  • the propagating elements 12 and 13 extend longitudinally in opposite directions of a same vector X.
  • the plate-like permanent magnet 11 has a first main face 14 thereof which is positively charged and the opposite, second main face 15 which is negatively charged.
  • the two elements for propagating magnetic flux density 12 and 13 extend in opposite directions starting from a central plane 16 of said permanent magnet 11 , perpendicular to the direction X which is also the direction of longitudinal extension of the permanent magnet 11.
  • the elements for propagating magnetic flux density 12 and 13 are each constituted by a lamina made of ferromagnetic material.
  • the elements for propagating magnetic flux density 12, 13 are, for example, made of ductile iron.
  • the permanent magnet 11 is of the artificial type, for example made of neodymium.
  • An artificial permanent magnet can be made in fact so that it is capable of developing a preset magnetic flux, and it has a longer lifetime than a natural permanent magnet of the same size.
  • Each one of the elements for propagating magnetic flux density 12 and 13 comprises a fixing portion, 20 and 21 respectively, which is superimposed and fixed on the permanent magnet 11 , and a cantilevered portion, 22 and 23 respectively, which has an arc-like profile.
  • the arc-like portion 22 and 23 has a profile shaped like an arc of a circle or an arc of an ellipse.
  • the permanent magnet 11, with the elements for propagating magnetic flux density 12, 13, is enclosed and sealed within an insulating shell 24.
  • the insulating shell 24 is made of plastic material and is adapted to protect the propagating elements 12 and 13, as well as the permanent magnet 11 , from attack by the air and damp present in the environment.
  • the insulating shell 24 is constituted by two half-shells 25 and 26, which, when closed onto each other, define a seat that is complementarily shaped with respect to the set made up of the permanent magnet 11 and the two elements for propagating magnetic flux density 12 and 13.
  • the permanent magnet 11 with the magnetic field diffuser elements
  • the container for attachment 28 is provided with a plate 29, available for wall-mounted fixing by way of nails or inserts as in Figure 3, and a containment and protection cover 30.
  • the container for attachment 28 is made of plastic material, and is adapted to allow the stable positioning of the device 10 on a wall without the device 10 being damaged by holes or adhesives.
  • 10 is designed to be positioned proximate to a floor 33 of a ground floor, or of a basement floor, at a maximum of twenty centimeters from such floor, and with direction X horizontal.
  • the permanent magnet 11 is adapted to develop a solenoidal magnetic field which, diffused by the propagation elements 12 and 13, works to invert the tendency of the water molecules to be attracted by the positive ions located in the upper regions of the masonry (wall), by reversing the position of the oxygen atom with respect to the hydrogen atoms; furthermore the device 10 works to restore a dipole in the wall with the positive pole in a lower region and the negative pole in an upper region. This ensures that the direction of the water in the wall will no longer be from the ground toward the ceiling, but in the opposite direction, i.e. toward the ground.
  • the permanent magnet 11 is made to develop a magnetic flux density of between 4,000 and 5,000 Gauss.
  • a device is provided that can be applied without carrying out lengthy and expensive work on the masonry of a building.
  • a device is provided that can be applied in any already-existing building.
  • a device is further devised which can also be applied by the end user, without the need to use specialist labor and without scheduled maintenance by specialist firms.
  • a device that is not harmful to the health of animal or plant life located in the vicinity.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

A device (10) for contrasting rising damp in masonry, comprising a permanent magnet (11) from which at least one element for propagating magnetic flux density (12) extends.

Description

DEVICE FOR CONTRASTING RISING DAMP IN MASONRY
The present invention relates to a device for contrasting rising damp in masonry.
Nowadays the phenomenon is known of creeping or rising damp, which refers to the rise of water along the walls of a building, with consequent penetration thereof and stagnation, so as to define damp stains on which mildew and salt efflorescence proliferate.
The traces of damp can stop at a few centimeters from the ground, or they may extend to several meters in height, according to the thickness of the masonry affected by the phenomenon and to the porosity of the building materials with which the masonry is made.
Rising damp is a complex phenomenon and cannot be ascribed, in terms of cause, to just one phenomenon only.
The basic factors are:
- the presence di water in the subsoil on which the foundation and structures of a building lie,
- and several contributing factors that determine the vertical movement of such water along the walls, which are mainly:
- the potential difference of the wall, where according to the literature it is known that a "healthy" wall has a positive charge in a downward region and a negative charge in an upward region; the presence of opposite polarities indicates the strong presence of cations, derived from the drying of the plaster or of the interstitial cement-based mortar, which causes a strong concentration of positive ions of mineral salts; such phenomenon determines a pole of attraction for water molecules, which are dipolar and have a strong concentration of negative electrical charges on the oxygen atom;
- the porosity and the consequent capillarity of the building materials used (every material has its capillary index), which acts as an absorbent system; - the damp from interstitial condensation present within the masonry, owing to exchanges of heat between the outside environment and the interior of the building;
- the presence of strongly hydrophilic substances in the chemical composition of the wall coatings (paints, plasters, coverings, wallpapers, wall tiles, and the like).
Dark horizontal marks, parallel to the ground, with a wave-like progression, inside or outside the building, are clear signs of rising damp from the ground. In these cases the surface of the masonry can also exhibit efflorescence, crumbling or separation of the plaster with the consequent deterioration of the surface coating.
Another drawback determined by rising damp consists in that the water absorbed, when it freezes at low temperatures, increases the volume and exerts a pressure on the surface of the pores, thus causing the separation of parts of the surface which, over time, become deeper and deeper.
Masonry affected by rising damp also loses its thermal insulation, creating a great many problems with energy consumption, since damp masonry is cold masonry that disperses interior heat to outside the building, resulting in cold and unhealthy environments.
In order to stop the upward flow of water, nowadays the procedure is to place a horizontal obstacle inside the masonry and try to allow the masonry to dry out in the best way possible; then the salts deposited on the walls are treated in order to prevent them from dissolving in water and creating problems in the future.
In order to seek to solve the problem of rising damp, substantially three solution methods are known today:
- Creation of a chemical barrier, via injection of specific products into the masonry,
- Creation of a mechanical barrier,
- Creation of electrophysical, magnetic, electrochemical and gravomagnetic systems.
The chemical barrier is a system suitable for compact brick masonry. It consists of the insertion of special mixtures into the masonry in order to form a substantial layer which acts as a barrier to water. Special transfusers are used which, through a series of holes made at the base of the wall, release the product and favor its diffusion in the section of masonry.
The success of such treatment depends on timescales and on the substance used; to be effective, such substance has to spread slowly, so as to substitute the damp, becoming chemically fixed within the capillaries and forming a stable water-repellent layer over time.
The duration depends on the type of resin, on atmospheric agents, on stray currents and on the salts present within the masonry. It is a very expensive system that does not, however, guarantee a result, in that there is no way to control the resin inside the masonry.
The mechanical barrier is used on walls in brick and tile; such method consists of separating the damp masonry from the foundation, by making a horizontal cut in the supporting walls (perimeter walls and indoor dividing walls) with the aid of special equipment.
It is a special operation that involves inserting an insulating sheath (made of fiberglass, smooth or bi- sandblasted, which acts as a barrier against the rising damp.
The greater risks of this method are the damage that the wall can be subjected to; in particular, if the work is not carried out with precision then problems with statics can arise.
For this reason in seismic areas these methods are prohibited and cannot be used.
The cut is carried out with special machines that are expensive to source.
Electrophysical systems are based on the fact that the water molecule has a dipolar character, with a positive electrical charge and a negative electrical charge, and it can therefore be driven in a given direction by way of an electric current.
Electro-osmosis (movement of the damp by means of current) is when systems are used whereby electrodes are inserted in the damp wall, by way of which, through the injection of current from a special power supply, it is possible to move the capillary damp in the direction of the negative electrode.
For all these methods to work efficiently they need continuous maintenance; they come with statutory warranties; and they require electric current such that, inevitably, small artificial electromagnetic fields will be created in the environment.
Another conventional technique is inverting the polarities using magnetic bars.
Cores are taken at regular points (15/20 cm apart), and obliquely pass through the entire thickness of the masonry, downward from above. Then polarized magnetic bars are introduced into the masonry, which invert the polarity of the masonry, thus forcing the water molecule to move toward the ground. This method is highly invasive and expensive, and initially it exhibited problems, in that the damp and the salts present within the masonry, over time, either corroded or demagnetized the bars. It has recently been improved by way of adopting bars of titanium.
A further conventional technique is dehumidification by way of electromagnetic wave devices.
One or more electrical control units are placed in position, which emanate an electromagnetic field in order to invert the polarities or cancel out the charge.
There are studies that show that a human body within an electromagnetic field increases the resistance of the body. This always depends on the length of time that a person remains within a field.
They are very expensive because they require installation and maintenance by a specialist technician.
Another conventional technique is the system of dehumidification through terrestrial waves and vibrations.
A device is applied which uses the terrestrial energy in the ground to invert the polarities or remove the charge.
These systems do not create disorders in people or other lifeforms, but they are not based on a scientifically-proven principle insofar as the receiving wave and the transmitting wave cannot be measured with an instrument.
They are very expensive because they require installation and periodic checks by a specialist technician.
Such methods and systems, although appreciated, suffer the common limitation of being highly invasive and/or expensive.
In fact the above-mentioned methods involve major work on walls, with excavation and removal of material, and subsequent insertion or introduction of other materials or apparatuses, and further subsequent restoration of the coverings.
Such methods therefore imply considerable cost, both in terms of materials, and in terms of labor, and they also require a long time for fine- tuning.
The aim of the present invention is to provide a device for contrasting rising damp in walls, which is capable of overcoming the drawbacks of conventional systems.
Another object of the invention is to provide a device that can be applied without carrying out lengthy and expensive work on the masonry of a building.
Another object of the invention is to provide a device that can be applied in any already-existing building.
Another object of the invention is to provide a device that can be installed directly by the end user, without further costs of specialist technicians and without scheduled maintenance by specialist firms.
Another object of the invention is to provide a device that is not harmful to the health of animal or plant life located in the vicinity.
This aim and these and other objects which will become better apparent hereinafter are achieved by a device for contrasting rising damp in masonry, characterized in that it comprises a permanent magnet from which at least one element for propagating magnetic flux density extends.
Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will become better apparent from the description of a preferred, but not exclusive, embodiment of the device according to the invention, which is illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings wherein:
- Figure 1 is a front elevation view of the device according to the invention;
- Figure 2 is a cross- sectional side view of the device in Figure 1 ; - Figure 3 is a cross-sectional side view of an application of the device according to the invention;
- Figure 4 is an example of application of the device according to the invention;
- Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of the operation of the device according to the invention.
With reference to the figures, a device for contrasting rising damp in masonry according to the invention is generally designated with the reference numeral 10.
The device 10 comprises: a permanent magnet 11 from which at least one element for propagating magnetic flux density 12 extends, and which in the example described herein comprises a plate-like permanent magnet 11 and two elements for propagating magnetic flux density, 12 and 13 respectively, which are fixed on opposite faces 14 and 15 of the permanent magnet 11.
The elements for propagating magnetic flux density 12 and 13 are known as 'magnetic lenses' in the jargon.
The propagating elements 12 and 13 extend longitudinally in opposite directions of a same vector X.
The plate-like permanent magnet 11 has a first main face 14 thereof which is positively charged and the opposite, second main face 15 which is negatively charged.
The two elements for propagating magnetic flux density 12 and 13 extend in opposite directions starting from a central plane 16 of said permanent magnet 11 , perpendicular to the direction X which is also the direction of longitudinal extension of the permanent magnet 11.
The elements for propagating magnetic flux density 12 and 13 are each constituted by a lamina made of ferromagnetic material.
The elements for propagating magnetic flux density 12, 13 are, for example, made of ductile iron.
The permanent magnet 11 is of the artificial type, for example made of neodymium.
An artificial permanent magnet can be made in fact so that it is capable of developing a preset magnetic flux, and it has a longer lifetime than a natural permanent magnet of the same size.
Each one of the elements for propagating magnetic flux density 12 and 13 comprises a fixing portion, 20 and 21 respectively, which is superimposed and fixed on the permanent magnet 11 , and a cantilevered portion, 22 and 23 respectively, which has an arc-like profile.
In particular, the arc-like portion 22 and 23 has a profile shaped like an arc of a circle or an arc of an ellipse.
The permanent magnet 11, with the elements for propagating magnetic flux density 12, 13, is enclosed and sealed within an insulating shell 24.
The insulating shell 24 is made of plastic material and is adapted to protect the propagating elements 12 and 13, as well as the permanent magnet 11 , from attack by the air and damp present in the environment.
In the embodiment described herein, the insulating shell 24 is constituted by two half-shells 25 and 26, which, when closed onto each other, define a seat that is complementarily shaped with respect to the set made up of the permanent magnet 11 and the two elements for propagating magnetic flux density 12 and 13.
The permanent magnet 11 , with the magnetic field diffuser elements
12 and 13, enclosed and sealed within an insulating shell 24, is arranged within a container for attachment 28.
The container for attachment 28 is provided with a plate 29, available for wall-mounted fixing by way of nails or inserts as in Figure 3, and a containment and protection cover 30.
Generic inserts for fixing to a wall are indicated with the reference numeral 31 , while a generic wall is indicated with the reference numeral 32.
The container for attachment 28 is made of plastic material, and is adapted to allow the stable positioning of the device 10 on a wall without the device 10 being damaged by holes or adhesives.
As shown for the purposes of example in Figures 4 and 5, the device
10 is designed to be positioned proximate to a floor 33 of a ground floor, or of a basement floor, at a maximum of twenty centimeters from such floor, and with direction X horizontal.
While usually a permanent magnet is evaluated and chosen for its capacity to exert a traction force, in the device 10 according to the invention the permanent magnet 11 is adapted to develop a solenoidal magnetic field which, diffused by the propagation elements 12 and 13, works to invert the tendency of the water molecules to be attracted by the positive ions located in the upper regions of the masonry (wall), by reversing the position of the oxygen atom with respect to the hydrogen atoms; furthermore the device 10 works to restore a dipole in the wall with the positive pole in a lower region and the negative pole in an upper region. This ensures that the direction of the water in the wall will no longer be from the ground toward the ceiling, but in the opposite direction, i.e. toward the ground.
The permanent magnet 11 is made to develop a magnetic flux density of between 4,000 and 5,000 Gauss.
It is in fact possible to measure the density of the magnetic field generated by the device, since the permanent magnet 11 is artificial and is made especially to develop a certain magnetic flux density.
In practice it has been found that the invention fully achieves the intended aim and objects.
In particular, with the invention a device is provided that can be applied without carrying out lengthy and expensive work on the masonry of a building.
Moreover, with the invention a device is provided that can be applied in any already-existing building.
With the invention a device is further devised which can also be applied by the end user, without the need to use specialist labor and without scheduled maintenance by specialist firms.
Moreover, with the invention a device is provided that is not harmful to the health of animal or plant life located in the vicinity.
The invention, thus conceived, is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, all the details may be substituted by other, technically equivalent elements.
In practice the components and the materials employed, provided they are compatible with the specific use, and the contingent dimensions and shapes, may be any according to requirements and to the state of the art.
The disclosures in Italian Patent Application No. PD2015A000067 (102015902341548) from which this application claims priority are incorporated herein by reference. Where technical features mentioned in any claim are followed by reference signs, those reference signs have been included for the sole purpose of increasing the intelligibility of the claims and accordingly, such reference signs do not have any limiting effect on the interpretation of each element identified by way of example by such reference signs.

Claims

1. A device (10) for contrasting rising damp in a wall, characterized in that it comprises a permanent magnet (11) from which at least one element for propagating magnetic flux density (12) extends.
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a plate-like permanent magnet (11).
3. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two elements for propagating magnetic flux density (12, 13) which are fixed on opposite faces (14, 15) of said permanent magnet (11) and extend in opposite directions of a same vector (X).
4. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said two elements for propagating magnetic flux density (12, 13) extend in opposite directions starting from a central plane (16) of said permanent magnet (11), which is perpendicular to a vector (X) of longitudinal extension of said permanent magnet (11).
5. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said elements for propagating magnetic flux density (12, 13) are each constituted by a lamina made of ferromagnetic material.
6. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said elements for propagating magnetic flux density (12, 13) are made of ductile iron.
7. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said permanent magnet (11) is of the artificial type, for example made of neodymium.
8. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that each one of said elements for propagating magnetic flux density (12, 13) comprises a fixing portion (20, 21), which is superimposed and fixed on said permanent magnet (11), and a cantilevered portion (22, 23), which has an arc-like profile.
9. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said permanent magnet (11), with said elements for propagating magnetic flux density (12, 13), is enclosed and sealed within an insulating shell (24).
10. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said permanent magnet (11), with said elements for propagating magnetic flux density (12, 13), enclosed and sealed within an insulating shell (24), is arranged within a container (28) for attachment.
EP16715475.6A 2015-03-30 2016-03-24 Device for contrasting rising damp in masonry Withdrawn EP3277896A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITPD20150067 2015-03-30
PCT/EP2016/056626 WO2016156238A1 (en) 2015-03-30 2016-03-24 Device for contrasting rising damp in masonry

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3277896A1 true EP3277896A1 (en) 2018-02-07

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Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3277896A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2016156238A1 (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB792451A (en) * 1955-06-03 1958-03-26 Bailey Meters Controls Ltd Improvements in indicating or/and recording instruments or relays

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT397681B (en) * 1985-11-12 1994-06-27 Mohorn Wilhelm DEVICE FOR GENERATING ELECTROOSMOTIC EFFECTS
CH702034B1 (en) * 2007-04-13 2011-04-29 Markus Bloedt Method and apparatus for dehumidification of objects.

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB792451A (en) * 1955-06-03 1958-03-26 Bailey Meters Controls Ltd Improvements in indicating or/and recording instruments or relays

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