EP3268610A1 - Gear pump for compressible liquids or fluids - Google Patents

Gear pump for compressible liquids or fluids

Info

Publication number
EP3268610A1
EP3268610A1 EP16707930.0A EP16707930A EP3268610A1 EP 3268610 A1 EP3268610 A1 EP 3268610A1 EP 16707930 A EP16707930 A EP 16707930A EP 3268610 A1 EP3268610 A1 EP 3268610A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mechanical drive
shafts
hydraulic pumping
shaft
hydraulic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16707930.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3268610B1 (en
Inventor
Olivier Briere
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Georges Briere SA
Original Assignee
Georges Briere SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Georges Briere SA filed Critical Georges Briere SA
Priority to PL16707930T priority Critical patent/PL3268610T3/en
Publication of EP3268610A1 publication Critical patent/EP3268610A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3268610B1 publication Critical patent/EP3268610B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0057—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmission specially adapted for machines or pumps
    • F04C15/0061—Means for transmitting movement from the prime mover to driven parts of the pump, e.g. clutches, couplings, transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C11/00—Combinations of two or more machines or pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type; Pumping installations
    • F04C11/001—Combinations of two or more machines or pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type; Pumping installations of similar working principle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C11/00—Combinations of two or more machines or pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type; Pumping installations
    • F04C11/005—Combinations of two or more machines or pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type; Pumping installations of dissimilar working principle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/12—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C2/14—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C2/18—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with similar tooth forms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/082—Details specially related to intermeshing engagement type machines or pumps
    • F04C2/084—Toothed wheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/20—Rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/30—Casings or housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/001—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of similar working principle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to gear pumps for liquid or compressible fluid.
  • It relates more particularly to a new pump structure design, aimed at achieving better pumping performance.
  • the invention finds, moreover, an advantageous application to be implemented in volumetric pumps, even if it can be applied to other types of pumps.
  • Synchronous gear pumps have two gears each provided with peripheral teeth. In such pumps, the teeth of the two gears do not touch. However, the teeth of the two gears can nest together. Each of the two gears is rotated by a shaft. In other words, such pumps comprise two drive shafts in rotation of the gears. A housing for synchronizing the rotation of the shafts is then provided in a sealed portion of the pump.
  • the sprocket teeth for synchronous gear pumps have a shape that allows the rotation of the two sprockets.
  • the face of the teeth which is oriented towards the direction of rotation of the pinion is called “front face”.
  • the other side of the teeth is called "back face”.
  • the self-driven gear pumps also have two gears each provided with peripheral teeth, uniformly distributed.
  • one of the pinions first pinion
  • This first pinion drives the second pinion in rotation, by contact of the nested teeth in each other.
  • the teeth then have, for this purpose, a shape such that it allows the rotation of the two gears.
  • the front face of the teeth is then called “active face”. This is the tooth face of a first pinion which comes into contact with the face of a tooth of the other pinion, and which allows the rotation drive of the other pinion.
  • the other face of the tooth that is to say the rear face, is also called “inactive face”.
  • the invention is concerned with self-driven pinion pumps.
  • pinions with lobe-shaped peripheral teeth are found in synchronized gear pumps.
  • lobes will include larger teeth whose end may have a curved shape.
  • the radial projections of the gear wheels are called “teeth” when they are smaller, narrower than the lobes, with one end more pointed or with sharp edges.
  • US 2014/0271313 discloses a positive displacement pump interleaving a three-lobe pinion with a three-toothed pinion. Because of the differences in shape and size of the lobes and the intertwined teeth, it is necessary for each shaft to have several stages of lobed and / or toothed gears angularly offset from one another so that when a first lobe and tooth pinion gear is no longer driven, a second set of lobe and tooth pinions take over.
  • Such an embodiment does not give satisfactory pumping results, particularly because of the necessary relay between the different stages of lobe and toothed gears and because of liquid leaks (or fluid) from one stage to another during pumping, except to implement between the pumping stages of the radial fins preventing the fluid from leaking.
  • the invention aims to offer a more efficient solution to those described in documents FR 2 399 559 and US 2014/0271313.
  • a gear pump comprising a pumping chamber in which a first shaft and a second shaft are rotated about their respective axes, each of the first and second shafts carrying at least one hydraulic pumping element ensuring the hydraulically pumping a fluid into the pumping chamber, said at least one hydraulic pumping element of each of said first and second shafts being positioned in said pumping chamber and each having at least a first radial projection.
  • each of said first and second shafts also carries at least one mechanical drive gear in rotation of each of said first and second shafts, each pinion of mechanical drive having radial second projections.
  • said at least one mechanical drive gear is distinct from said at least one hydraulic pumping element.
  • said at least one first radial projection and said second radial projections are in different numbers.
  • the pump according to the invention distinguishes, in the pumping chamber, the elements ensuring the hydraulic drive of the fluid from those ensuring the mechanical drive in rotation of the shafts.
  • the elements ensuring the hydraulic drive of the fluid are no longer used also to ensure the mechanical drive of the rotating shafts about their axis. It is thus possible to provide hydraulic drive elements with very different profiles, depending on the characteristics of the fluid to be pumped, and even profiles that would not be retained today by those skilled in the art because these profiles would not allow the mechanical self-drive of trees.
  • the pinions dedicated to the mechanical drive of the shafts may have a disk shape, since they no longer have to extend substantially over the entire length of the shaft. tree in the pumping chamber.
  • Such pinions can thus be made of stronger materials, ensuring a longer life of the pump and better self-drive shafts rotating about their axis.
  • the invention may also include the following features, taken separately or in combination:
  • said at least one hydraulic pumping element of each shaft is formed by at least one lobe wheel, the lobes constituting first projections for the hydraulic pumping element,
  • said at least one first projection has a first radial height, in that the second projections have a second height; radial, and in that said first radial height is larger than said second radial height,
  • each of the first and second shafts carries a mechanical drive pinion positioned between two hydraulic pumping members, each of the first and second shafts carries a hydraulic pumping member positioned between two mechanical drive gears, each of the first and second shafts carries a hydraulic pumping element and a mechanical drive pinion,
  • said at least one mechanical drive gear is attached to said at least one hydraulic pumping element
  • the pump comprises means for angular adjustment of the position of said at least one hydraulic pumping element with respect to said at least one mechanical drive gear about the axis of said first and second shafts,
  • said at least one hydraulic pumping element and said at least one mechanical drive pinion are made of different materials
  • said at least one hydraulic pumping element and said at least one mechanical drive gear of each shaft are made in one piece.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a gear pump according to the invention, showing a partially open pumping chamber in order to show the elements it encloses;
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of various elements internal to the pumping chamber of the pump shown in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of two shafts of the pump shown in FIG. 1, on which are mounted two mechanical drive gears and two hydraulic pumping elements
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a shaft on which is mounted a hydraulic pumping element and a drive gear
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of a mechanical drive pinion of the gear pump shown. in FIGS. 1 to 4, FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a front view of internal elements of a pump according to the invention, according to an alternative embodiment, this view illustrating two mechanical drive gears and two different hydraulic pumping elements. of those shown in FIGS. 1 to 4,
  • FIG. 7 is a front view of two mechanical drive gears and two hydraulic pumping elements different from those illustrated in FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of internal elements of a pump according to the invention, according to yet another variant embodiment,
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view of internal elements of a pump according to the invention, according to yet another variant embodiment,
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of a gear pump according to the invention, showing a partially open pumping chamber to show the elements it encloses, the pump being different from that illustrated in Figure 1 in particular.
  • FIG. 1 shows a positive displacement pump 1 according to the invention, comprising a pumping chamber 2.
  • the pumping chamber 2 has an internal cavity 3 whose cross section is substantially elliptical.
  • the chamber has, transversely, an inlet opening 4 of a fluid, through which a pumped fluid is introduced into the cavity 3 of the chamber 2, and an outlet opening 5 through which the pumped fluid is expelled.
  • the chamber 2 also has, longitudinally, two end walls 6 and 7, closing the cavity 3.
  • the positive displacement pump 1 is a self-driven gear pump.
  • one of the shafts exits the cavity of the chamber 1 to be connected to a rotating drive system (not shown).
  • the other shaft (the shaft 8 in this case) is mounted crazy in the cavity of the chamber.
  • the ends 12 of the shaft 8 are inserted into cylindrical housings 10 and 11 which are integral with the end walls 6 and 7, respectively, the cylindrical housings 10 and 11 being open towards the cavity 3.
  • the end of the shaft 9 which is not connected to a rotary drive motor is also inserted into a cylindrical housing 13 integral with one of the end walls of the chamber 2.
  • the ends of the shafts 8 and 9 positioned in the cylindrical housings 10, 11 and 13 are free to rotate about their axis in the cylindrical housings 10, 11 and 13.
  • each of the shafts 8 and 9 carries a mechanical drive gear 14 (see in particular the figure 2) the two mechanical drive gears 14 having projections 15 uniformly distributed around a disk 16, the projections of the two mechanical drive gears 14 being intertwined with each other when the two shafts are positioned in the pump.
  • the two gears 14 thus constitute a gear for the pump 1.
  • the projections 15 of the mechanical drive gears 14 are teeth in the sense of the present description, because these projections are small (compared to the size of other radial projections which will be presented later) and each have a free end 17 substantially shaped tip.
  • the protrusions 15 all have, moreover, an axial symmetry on either side of the rays R of the disk 16 following each of which they extend (see Figure 5 in particular).
  • This symmetry allows a rotational drive of the mechanical drive pinion 14 in one direction or the other around its axis. Therefore, the shaft 9 can be rotated about its axis D9 in one direction or the other.
  • the direction of rotation of the shaft 9 is determined according to whether it is desired to introduce the pump fluid into an opening 4 or into another 5 in the pumping chamber 2.
  • All the mechanical drive gears 14 shown in the exemplary embodiments each have fifteen projections 15 (or teeth 15), and the projections 15 have a height H.
  • the disc 16 of the mechanical drive pinion 1 4 has a central through opening 1 8 whose diameter substantially corresponds to that of the shaft 8 (or the shaft 9), and is preferably slightly greater than that of the shaft 8 (or shaft 9), in order to thread the pinion on the shaft 8 (or on the shaft 9).
  • the radial thickness E of the disc 1 6, taken between the opening 1 8 and the outer wall 1 9 of the disc 1 6 between two teeth 1 5 is greater than the height H of the teeth 1 5 of the mechanical drive gears 14.
  • the radius P of each of the mechanical drive gears 14 corresponds to the addition of the radius of the opening 1 8, the thickness E of the disc 1 6 and the height H of a tooth 1 5.
  • each shaft 8 and 9 also carries a hydraulic pumping element, placed with a mechanical drive pinion 14 in the pumping chamber 2.
  • Figures 1 to 4 show a first example of hydraulic pumping elements.
  • the hydraulic pumping elements are made by lobed wheels 21, visible in particular in FIG. 2.
  • Each of the lobed wheels 21 extends in an axial direction along a length L1 which is greater than the length L2 on which the mechanical drive gear 14 extends.
  • the addition of the lengths L1 and L2 substantially corresponds to the length L3 of the cavity 3 of the chamber, taken substantially between the two end internal walls 6 and 7 of the pumping chamber 2 (see FIGS. 1 and 4 in particular) .
  • Each of the lobed wheels 21 has a central axial through opening 22 of cylindrical shape, whose diameter corresponds substantially to that of the shaft 8 (or of the shaft 9), and is preferably slightly greater than that of the shaft 8 (or shaft 9), in order to thread the pinion on the shaft 8 (or on the shaft 9).
  • Each of the wheels 20 has, between the central opening 22 and the lobes 21, a central portion 23 whose radial thickness E1, taken between the opening 22 and the outer wall 24 of the wheel 20 between two lobes 21, is smaller at the height H1 of the lobes 21 of the wheels 20.
  • the radius P1 of each of the lobed wheels 20 corresponds to the addition of the radius of the opening 22, the thickness E1 of the central portion 23 and the height H1 of a lobe 21.
  • radius P1 of the lobe wheels 20 is greater than the radius P of the mechanical drive gears 14.
  • the radial thickness E1 of the lobe wheels 20 is smaller than the radial thickness E of the mechanical drive gears 14.
  • the height H1 of the lobes is greater than the height of the projections 15 (or teeth 15) of the mechanical drive gears 14.
  • the mechanical gear gears 14 and the lobed wheels 20 may be made of different materials.
  • the advantage of producing in two parts the element 20 dedicated to hydraulic pumping and the pinion 14 dedicated to the mechanical drive is that the pinion 14 can be made of materials that are more resistant (or more adapted to the characteristics of the fluid to be produced. pumping) than conventional drive sprockets (which are also dedicated to hydraulic pumping, in contrast to the invention).
  • each of the mechanical drive gears 14 is traversed by openings 31, the openings 31 being formed in a direction parallel to the axis of the gears 14 and through the central disk 16 ( Figure 2).
  • three through openings 31 are provided in the central disc 16 of the mechanical drive gears 14 and three threaded blind holes in the lobed wheels 21.
  • the three through openings 31 and the three blind holes are made at equal distances from each other about the axis of the pinion 14 or the wheel 20, respectively.
  • the angle between two blind holes or two through openings is therefore substantially Fixing is performed by screwing through the opening 31 into the blind hole of each lobed wheel 21.
  • These adjustment means comprise blind holes in the wheels 20 (mentioned above), screws 30 (shown in FIG. 8 for example), and through openings 32 with a particular profile 32, formed through the drive pinion. mechanical 14, which will now be presented with reference to FIG.
  • Three openings 32 pass through the disk 16 in a direction parallel to the axis of the mechanical gear pinion 14.
  • the three openings 32 are arranged at equal distances from each other, around the axis of the mechanical gear pinion 14.
  • the three openings 32 each have a bean shape, extending along an arc of a circle around the axis of the mechanical drive pinion 14, thus having an oblong shape.
  • This oblong shape of the openings 32, curved, allows a rotation of the mechanical drive gear 14 around the shaft 8 or 9 relative to the lobe wheel 20, after partial screwing of the screws in the blind holes of the wheels 20, so that the position of a tooth 15 can be varied with respect to the position of a lobe 21 by varying the position of the screw in the opening 32 of an end 33 of the opening to the other end 34.
  • the adjustment angle is more or less important.
  • the gear wheels 14 and the lobed wheels 20 do not have the same diameter, when one or more teeth 15 are placed between two lobes 21 (FIG. 3 for example), the teeth 15 and a portion of the disc 16 form a wall 28 laterally closing at least partially a space 29 between two lobes 21.
  • This wall 28 acts as a deflector on the fluid which is pumped into the pumping chamber 2, channeling on either side of the wall 28 the fluid between two lobes 21 during the rotation of the lobe wheels 21.
  • This offset leads to better performance by increasing the frequency of the pump pulsations. For example, in the case of a six lobe wheel 21 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the normal pulse frequency is 6. With an appropriate angular positioning of the teeth 15 of the mechanical gear pinion 14 with respect to lobes 21 of the wheel 20, it is possible to obtain a frequency of 12.
  • the shape of the lobes 21 of the lobe wheel 20 can be arbitrary, since it has no not to be used also for the mechanical drive of the shafts 8 and 9 on which they are mounted.
  • the lobes 21 of a wheel 20 positioned on a shaft (8) do not bear on the lobes 21 of a second wheel 20 positioned on the other shaft (9).
  • the shape of the lobes can therefore be more easily adapted to the consistency of the fluid to be pumped.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 shows lobed wheels 21 whose lobes 21 have asymmetrical profiles (unlike the teeth of the mechanical drive gears 14).
  • the lobes 21 each have a top portion 25, a substantially convex front portion 26 and a substantially flat rear portion 27.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to use conventional lobe wheels 21 in the pump chamber 2 of the pump according to the invention, which is economical.
  • hydraulic pumping elements could have yet different shapes without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows the two shafts 8 and 9 on which are mounted two mechanical drive gears 14 and two impeller wheels 35.
  • the blades 35 are of rectangular section and shape and they are positioned radially uniformly around a cylinder 36.
  • blade wheels 35 are inexpensive to manufacture.
  • FIG. 7 Another embodiment is further shown in FIG. 7: in this example, the two mechanical drive gears 14 are each fixed to a three-lobe wheel 40, on each of the shafts 8 and 9.
  • the three lobes 40 of the wheels 20 are identical and uniformly distributed around the axis of each of the wheels 20.
  • the lobes 40 each have a wide base 41 which extends over substantially one third of the periphery of the wheel 20.
  • Such an embodiment ensures a better hydraulic pumping of the fluid in the pumping chamber 2.
  • the fluid is less sheared in the pumping chamber so that such lobe wheels can be implemented in a pump to pump a pump. fluid supporting little to be mixed if one wishes to keep its consistency.
  • FIG. 8 shows yet another embodiment, implementing hydraulic pumping elements consisting of cylindrical wheels 20, on each of which teeth 50 extend in a helical movement: each tooth extends from a first end 51 of the cylinder of the wheel 20 at a second end 52 at a helix angle.
  • the teeth 50 are larger than the teeth 15 of the mechanical gear gears 14.
  • the teeth 50 have a top 53 on either side of which two symmetrical and convex lateral portions 54 and 55 extend.
  • Each of the wheels 20 has fifteen teeth 50.
  • This embodiment has a certain advantage if it is desired to suppress the pulsations in the pumping chamber 2.
  • This embodiment allows any helix angle without imposing a minimum length to achieve the hydraulic pumping element.
  • the invention is not limited to the implementation of a particular hydraulic pumping element and that a positive displacement pump could further comprise other hydraulic pumping elements without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the hydraulic pumping elements could consist of worm positioned at the ends of the shafts 8 and 9 without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the invention also extends to pumps that may comprise several stages of gear gears 14 and / or hydraulic pumping elements 20.
  • FIG. 9 shows two shafts 8 and 9 (the same as those of the pumps described above) on each of which is mounted a lobed wheel 21 such as that shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, on both sides. other of which are mounted two mechanical drive gears 14.
  • the two mechanical drive gears 14 are each fixed on an end face 60 of the lobed wheel 21, in the same manner as that previously described in the context of the mounting of the mechanical drive pinion 14 on the wheel 20 1 to 4.
  • each of the end faces 60 is provided with blind holes in which a screw 30 can be screwed.
  • FIG. 9 is of interest in the context of the production of a volumetric pump having a particularly long chamber: the presence of two mechanical drive gears 14 at both ends of the pumping chamber 2 makes it possible to balance driving the shafts 8 and 9 in rotation about their respective axes. This also allows a good distribution of the fluid in the pumping chamber 2.
  • FIG. 10 shows yet another embodiment: the pumping chamber 2 encloses two lobed wheels 20, between which is positioned a mechanical drive pinion 14.
  • the wheels 20 may be indexed angularly relative to each other by means of a fitting on a spline shaft.
  • the mechanical drive is positioned at the center of the chamber: by angularly adjusting the position of the lobes 21 relative to the position of the teeth 15 of the pinion 14, two stages 70 and 71 are created. hydraulic pumping, which increases the performance of the pump as explained above.
  • the mechanical drive pinion 14 also serves as a screen between the two lobe wheels 20, which makes it possible to limit fluid leaks in the pumping chamber of a stage 70 lobes 21 to the other 71.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a gear pump (1) comprising a pumping chamber (2) in which a first shaft (8) and a second shaft (9) are rotated about their respective axes (D8, D9), each of the first and second shafts (8, 9) supporting at least one hydraulic-pumping element (20) that hydraulically pumps a fluid in the pumping chamber (2), said at least one hydraulic-pumping element (20) of each of said first and second shafts (8, 9) being positioned in said pumping chamber (2) and each having at least one first radial projection (21). In the pumping chamber (2), each of said first and second shafts (8, 9) further supports at least one mechanical drive pinion (14) that rotates each of said first and second shafts (8, 9), each mechanical drive pinion (14) having second radial projections (15). Said at least one mechanical drive pinion (14) is separate from said at least one hydraulic-pumping element (20), and the number of said at least one first radial projection (21) and of said second radial projections (15) is different.

Description

POMPE A ENGRENAGE, POUR LIQUIDE OU FLUIDE COMPRESSIBLE L'invention a trait aux pompes à engrenages, pour liquide ou fluide compressible.  The invention relates to gear pumps for liquid or compressible fluid.
Elle concerne plus particulièrement une conception nouvelle de structure de pompe, visant à atteindre de meilleures performances de pompage.  It relates more particularly to a new pump structure design, aimed at achieving better pumping performance.
L'invention trouve, par ailleurs, une application avantageuse à être mise en œuvre dans les pompes volumétriques, même si elle peut s'appliquer à d'autres types de pompes.  The invention finds, moreover, an advantageous application to be implemented in volumetric pumps, even if it can be applied to other types of pumps.
Il existe plusieurs sortes de pompes volumétriques, parmi lesquelles les pompes dites à « pignons synchronisés » et les pompes dites à « pignon auto- entraînées ».  There are several types of positive displacement pumps, including so-called "synchronized gear" pumps and so-called "self-driven gear" pumps.
Les pompes à pignons synchronisés comportent deux pignons munis chacun de dents périphériques. Dans de telles pompes, les dents des deux pignons ne se touchent pas. Toutefois, les dents des deux pignons peuvent s'imbriquer les unes entre les autres. Chacun des deux pignons est entraîné en rotation par un arbre. Autrement dit, de telles pompes comportent deux arbres d'entraînement en rotation des pignons. Un boîtier de synchronisation de la rotation des arbres est alors prévu dans une partie étanche de la pompe. Les dents des pignons pour pompes à pignons synchronisés présentent une forme telle qu'elle autorise la rotation des deux pignons. La face des dents qui se trouve orientée vers le sens de rotation du pignon est appelée « face avant ». L'autre face des dents est appelée « face arrière ».  Synchronous gear pumps have two gears each provided with peripheral teeth. In such pumps, the teeth of the two gears do not touch. However, the teeth of the two gears can nest together. Each of the two gears is rotated by a shaft. In other words, such pumps comprise two drive shafts in rotation of the gears. A housing for synchronizing the rotation of the shafts is then provided in a sealed portion of the pump. The sprocket teeth for synchronous gear pumps have a shape that allows the rotation of the two sprockets. The face of the teeth which is oriented towards the direction of rotation of the pinion is called "front face". The other side of the teeth is called "back face".
Les pompes à pignons auto-entraînés comportent également deux pignons munis chacun de dents périphériques, uniformément réparties. Dans de telles pompes, l'un des pignons (premier pignon) est monté sur un arbre entraîné en rotation. Ce premier pignon entraîne en rotation le second pignon, par contact des dents imbriquées les unes dans les autres. Les dents présentent alors, pour ce faire, une forme telle qu'elle autorise la rotation des deux pignons. La face avant des dents est alors appelée « face active ». Il s'agit de la face de la dent d'un premier pignon qui vient en contact avec la face d'une dent de l'autre pignon, et qui permet l'entraînement en rotation de l'autre pignon. L'autre face de la dent, c'est-à-dire la face arrière, est appelée également « face inactive ».  The self-driven gear pumps also have two gears each provided with peripheral teeth, uniformly distributed. In such pumps, one of the pinions (first pinion) is mounted on a shaft rotated. This first pinion drives the second pinion in rotation, by contact of the nested teeth in each other. The teeth then have, for this purpose, a shape such that it allows the rotation of the two gears. The front face of the teeth is then called "active face". This is the tooth face of a first pinion which comes into contact with the face of a tooth of the other pinion, and which allows the rotation drive of the other pinion. The other face of the tooth, that is to say the rear face, is also called "inactive face".
L'invention s'intéresse aux pompes à pignon auto-entraînées. De façon générale, les pignons munis de dents périphériques en forme de lobes se retrouvent dans les pompes à pignons synchronisés. The invention is concerned with self-driven pinion pumps. In general, pinions with lobe-shaped peripheral teeth are found in synchronized gear pumps.
On comprendra par « lobes » des dents de taille plus importante dont l'extrémité peut présenter une forme courbe. Les saillies radiales des roues d'engrenage sont appelées « dents » lorsqu'elles sont plus petites, moins large que les lobes, avec une extrémité davantage en forme de pointe ou présentant des arêtes vives.  The term "lobes" will include larger teeth whose end may have a curved shape. The radial projections of the gear wheels are called "teeth" when they are smaller, narrower than the lobes, with one end more pointed or with sharp edges.
Il existe des pompes auto entraînées présentant des pignons à lobes : un exemple d'une telle pompe est notamment décrit dans la demande FR 2 399 559.  There are self-driven pumps with lobe gears: an example of such a pump is described in particular in the application FR 2 399 559.
Depuis des dizaines d'années, pour améliorer les performances des pompes, l'homme du métier a cherché à modifier le profil des lobes ou des dents des pignons. L'homme du métier a également cherché à jouer sur le nombre de dents ou de lobes des engrenages. Il a d'ailleurs été mis en évidence que plus le pignon comporte de saillies (dents ou lobes), meilleur est l'entraînement mécanique. Toutefois, plus le pignon comporte de saillies (dents ou lobes), moins performant est l'entraînement hydraulique.  For decades, to improve the performance of the pumps, the skilled person has sought to change the profile of the lobes or teeth of the gears. The skilled person has also sought to play on the number of teeth or lobes of the gears. It has also been shown that the more the pinion has protrusions (teeth or lobes), the better the mechanical drive. However, the more the pinion has protrusions (teeth or lobes), the less powerful is the hydraulic drive.
L'homme du métier a souvent privilégié l'entraînement mécanique en mettant en œuvre des engrenages à pignons à dents dans les pompes à pignons auto-entraînés.  Those skilled in the art have often favored mechanical drive by implementing toothed gear gears in self-driven gear pumps.
En outre, des solutions techniques hybrides, mettant en œuvre des pignons à lobes et à dents, ont également été mises au point par l'homme du métier pour améliorer les performances de l'entraînement hydraulique.  In addition, hybrid technical solutions, using lobe and toothed gears, have also been developed by those skilled in the art to improve the performance of the hydraulic drive.
Par exemple, le document US 2014/0271313 présente une pompe volumétrique entrelaçant un pignon à trois lobes avec un pignon à trois dents. A cause des différences de forme et de taille des lobes et des dents entrelacés, il est nécessaire que chaque arbre présente plusieurs étages de pignons à lobes et/ou à dents, décalés angulairement les uns par rapport aux autres de sorte que, quand un premier jeu de pignons à lobes et à dents n'est plus entraîné, un second jeu de pignons à lobes et à dents prend le relais.  For example, US 2014/0271313 discloses a positive displacement pump interleaving a three-lobe pinion with a three-toothed pinion. Because of the differences in shape and size of the lobes and the intertwined teeth, it is necessary for each shaft to have several stages of lobed and / or toothed gears angularly offset from one another so that when a first lobe and tooth pinion gear is no longer driven, a second set of lobe and tooth pinions take over.
Un tel mode de réalisation ne donne pas des résultats de pompage satisfaisants, à cause notamment du relais nécessaire entre les différents étages de jeux de pignons à lobes et à dents et à cause des fuites de liquide (ou de fluide) d'un étage à l'autre lors du pompage, sauf à mettre en œuvre entre les étages de pompage des ailettes radiales empêchant le fluide de fuiter. Such an embodiment does not give satisfactory pumping results, particularly because of the necessary relay between the different stages of lobe and toothed gears and because of liquid leaks (or fluid) from one stage to another during pumping, except to implement between the pumping stages of the radial fins preventing the fluid from leaking.
L'invention vise à offrir une solution plus performante à celles décrites dans les documents FR 2 399 559 et US 2014/0271313.  The invention aims to offer a more efficient solution to those described in documents FR 2 399 559 and US 2014/0271313.
Elle concerne à cet effet une pompe à engrenage, comportant une chambre de pompage dans laquelle un premier arbre et un second arbre sont entraînés en rotation autour de leur axe respectif, chacun des premier et second arbres portant au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique assurant le pompage hydraulique d'un fluide dans la chambre de pompage, ledit au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique de chacun desdits premier et second arbres étant positionné dans ladite chambre de pompage et présentant chacun au moins une première saillie radiale.  It relates for this purpose to a gear pump, comprising a pumping chamber in which a first shaft and a second shaft are rotated about their respective axes, each of the first and second shafts carrying at least one hydraulic pumping element ensuring the hydraulically pumping a fluid into the pumping chamber, said at least one hydraulic pumping element of each of said first and second shafts being positioned in said pumping chamber and each having at least a first radial projection.
La pompe conforme à l'invention est remarquable en ce que, dans la chambre de pompage, chacun desdits premier et second arbres porte en outre au moins un pignon d'entraînement mécanique en rotation de chacun desdits premier et second arbres, chaque pignon d'entraînement mécanique présentant des secondes saillies radiales. De plus, sur chacun desdits premier et second arbres, ledit au moins un pignon d'entraînement mécanique est distinct dudit au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique. En outre, ladite au moins une première saillie radiale et lesdites secondes saillies radiales sont en nombre différent. Enfin, l'ensemble formé par ledit au moins un pignon d'entraînement mécanique et ledit au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique desdits premier et second arbres constitue l'engrenage de la pompe.  The pump according to the invention is remarkable in that, in the pumping chamber, each of said first and second shafts also carries at least one mechanical drive gear in rotation of each of said first and second shafts, each pinion of mechanical drive having radial second projections. In addition, on each of said first and second shafts, said at least one mechanical drive gear is distinct from said at least one hydraulic pumping element. In addition, said at least one first radial projection and said second radial projections are in different numbers. Finally, the assembly formed by said at least one mechanical drive pinion and said at least one hydraulic pumping element of said first and second shafts constitutes the gearing of the pump.
On comprendra par « distinct » le fait que le pignon d'entraînement mécanique et l'élément de pompage hydraulique portés par un même arbre sont réalisés par deux parties de pièces différentes {Le Robert pour tous, 1994 : Distinct signifie « qui ne se confond pas avec quelque chose d'analogue, de voisin. Distinct est à prendre dans le sens de « différent, indépendant, séparé »). Par « distinct », on peut donc comprendre que l'élément de pompage hydraulique et le pignon d'entraînement mécanique peuvent correspondre à deux parties différentes d'un élément réalisé en une seule pièce. On peut également comprendre par « distinct » que l'élément de pompage hydraulique et le pignon d'entraînement mécanique sont réalisés par deux pièces qui sont réalisées indépendamment l'une de l'autre et que l'on vient placer sur un arbre. It will be understood by "distinct" that the mechanical drive gear and the hydraulic pumping element carried by the same shaft are made by two parts of different parts (Le Robert for all, 1994: Distinct means "which is not confused not with something analogous, neighborly. Distinct is to be taken in the sense of "different, independent, separate"). By "distinct", it can thus be understood that the hydraulic pumping element and the mechanical drive gear can correspond to two different parts of a element made in one piece. It can also be understood by "distinct" that the hydraulic pumping element and the mechanical drive pinion are made by two parts which are made independently of one another and which is placed on a tree.
Ainsi réalisée, la pompe conforme à l'invention distingue, dans la chambre de pompage, les éléments assurant l'entraînement hydraulique du fluide de ceux assurant l'entraînement mécanique en rotation des arbres. Autrement dit, conformément à l'invention, les éléments assurant l'entraînement hydraulique du fluide ne sont plus utilisés également pour assurer l'entraînement mécanique des arbres en rotation autour de leur axe. On peut ainsi prévoir des éléments d'entraînement hydrauliques présentant des profils très différents, en fonction des caractéristiques du fluide à pomper, et même des profils qui ne seraient pas retenus aujourd'hui par l'homme du métier car ces profils ne permettraient pas l'auto-entraînement mécanique des arbres.  Thus realized, the pump according to the invention distinguishes, in the pumping chamber, the elements ensuring the hydraulic drive of the fluid from those ensuring the mechanical drive in rotation of the shafts. In other words, according to the invention, the elements ensuring the hydraulic drive of the fluid are no longer used also to ensure the mechanical drive of the rotating shafts about their axis. It is thus possible to provide hydraulic drive elements with very different profiles, depending on the characteristics of the fluid to be pumped, and even profiles that would not be retained today by those skilled in the art because these profiles would not allow the mechanical self-drive of trees.
De plus, les pignons dédiés à l'entraînement mécanique des arbres, ne servant plus à pomper le fluide dans la chambre, peuvent présenter une forme de disque, car ils n'ont plus à s'étendre sensiblement sur toute la longueur de l'arbre dans la chambre de pompage. De tels pignons peuvent ainsi être réalisés dans des matériaux plus résistants, assurant une meilleure durée de vie de la pompe et un meilleur auto-entraînement des arbres en rotation autour de leur axe.  In addition, the pinions dedicated to the mechanical drive of the shafts, no longer used to pump the fluid into the chamber, may have a disk shape, since they no longer have to extend substantially over the entire length of the shaft. tree in the pumping chamber. Such pinions can thus be made of stronger materials, ensuring a longer life of the pump and better self-drive shafts rotating about their axis.
Enfin, comme il sera vu par la suite, en distinguant le pignon d'entraînement mécanique et les éléments de pompage hydraulique, on peut choisir d'associer différents profils d'éléments de pompage hydraulique et différents profils de pignons d'entraînement mécanique, et même orienter d'une certaine façon les profils l'un par rapport à l'autre pour optimiser les performances de la pompe en fonction du fluide à pomper.  Finally, as will be seen later, distinguishing between the mechanical drive pinion and the hydraulic pumping elements, one can choose to combine different profiles of hydraulic pumping elements and different profiles of mechanical drive gears, and even to orient the profiles in a certain way with respect to each other in order to optimize the performance of the pump as a function of the fluid to be pumped.
L'invention peut également comporter les caractéristiques suivantes, prises séparément ou en combinaison :  The invention may also include the following features, taken separately or in combination:
- ledit au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique de chaque arbre est réalisé par au moins une roue à lobes, les lobes constituant des premières saillies pour l'élément de pompage hydraulique,  said at least one hydraulic pumping element of each shaft is formed by at least one lobe wheel, the lobes constituting first projections for the hydraulic pumping element,
- ladite au moins une première saillie présente une première hauteur radiale, en ce que les secondes saillies présentent une seconde hauteur radiale, et en ce que ladite première hauteur radiale est plus grande que ladite seconde hauteur radiale, said at least one first projection has a first radial height, in that the second projections have a second height; radial, and in that said first radial height is larger than said second radial height,
chacun des premier et second arbres porte un pignon d'entraînement mécanique positionné entre deux éléments de pompage hydraulique, chacun des premier et second arbres porte un élément de pompage hydraulique positionné entre deux pignons d'entraînement mécanique, chacun des premier et second arbres porte un élément de pompage hydraulique et un pignon d'entraînement mécanique,  each of the first and second shafts carries a mechanical drive pinion positioned between two hydraulic pumping members, each of the first and second shafts carries a hydraulic pumping member positioned between two mechanical drive gears, each of the first and second shafts carries a hydraulic pumping element and a mechanical drive pinion,
sur chacun des premier et second arbres, ledit au moins un pignon d'entraînement mécanique est fixé audit au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique,  on each of the first and second shafts, said at least one mechanical drive gear is attached to said at least one hydraulic pumping element,
la pompe comporte des moyens de réglage angulaire de la position dudit au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique par rapport audit au moins un pignon d'entraînement mécanique autour de l'axe desdits premier et second arbres,  the pump comprises means for angular adjustment of the position of said at least one hydraulic pumping element with respect to said at least one mechanical drive gear about the axis of said first and second shafts,
pour chacun desdits premier et second arbres, ledit au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique et ledit au moins un pignon d'entraînement mécanique sont réalisés dans des matériaux différents,  for each of said first and second shafts, said at least one hydraulic pumping element and said at least one mechanical drive pinion are made of different materials,
ledit au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique et ledit au moins un pignon d'entraînement mécanique de chaque arbre sont réalisés en une seule pièce.  said at least one hydraulic pumping element and said at least one mechanical drive gear of each shaft are made in one piece.
Pour pouvoir être exécutée, l'invention est exposée de façon suffisamment claire et complète dans la description suivante qui est, en plus, accompagnée de dessins dans lesquels : To be able to be executed, the invention is set forth in a sufficiently clear and complete manner in the following description which is, in addition, accompanied by drawings in which:
la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une pompe à engrenage conforme l'invention, montrant une chambre de pompage partiellement ouverte afin de montrer les éléments qu'elle enferme, la figure 2 est une vue en perspective éclatée de divers éléments internes à la chambre de pompage de la pompe montrée en figure 1 , la figure 3 est une vue de face de deux arbres de la pompe montrée en figure 1 , sur lesquels sont montés deux pignons d'entraînement mécanique et deux éléments de pompage hydraulique, la figure 4 est une vue en perspective d'un arbre sur lequel est monté un élément de pompage hydraulique et un pignon d'entraînement, la figure 5 est une vue de face d'un pignon d'entraînement mécanique de la pompe à engrenage montrée en figures 1 à 4, - la figure 6 est une vue de face d'éléments internes à une pompe conforme à l'invention, selon une variante de réalisation, cette vue illustrant deux pignons d'entraînement mécanique et deux éléments de pompage hydraulique différents de ceux illustrés en figures 1 à 4, la figure 7 est encore une vue de face de deux pignons d'entraînement mécanique et deux éléments de pompage hydraulique différents de ceux illustrés en figure 6, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a gear pump according to the invention, showing a partially open pumping chamber in order to show the elements it encloses; FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of various elements internal to the pumping chamber of the pump shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a front view of two shafts of the pump shown in FIG. 1, on which are mounted two mechanical drive gears and two hydraulic pumping elements, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a shaft on which is mounted a hydraulic pumping element and a drive gear, FIG. 5 is a front view of a mechanical drive pinion of the gear pump shown. in FIGS. 1 to 4, FIG. 6 is a front view of internal elements of a pump according to the invention, according to an alternative embodiment, this view illustrating two mechanical drive gears and two different hydraulic pumping elements. of those shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, FIG. 7 is a front view of two mechanical drive gears and two hydraulic pumping elements different from those illustrated in FIG. 6,
la figure 8 est une vue en perspective d'éléments internes à une pompe conforme à l'invention, selon encore une autre variante de réalisation,  FIG. 8 is a perspective view of internal elements of a pump according to the invention, according to yet another variant embodiment,
- la figure 9 est une vue en perspective d'éléments internes à une pompe conforme à l'invention, selon encore une autre variante de réalisation,  FIG. 9 is a perspective view of internal elements of a pump according to the invention, according to yet another variant embodiment,
et la figure 10 est une vue en perspective d'une pompe à engrenage conforme à l'invention, montrant une chambre de pompage partiellement ouverte afin de montrer les éléments qu'elle enferme, la pompe étant différente de celle illustrée en figure 1 notamment.  and Figure 10 is a perspective view of a gear pump according to the invention, showing a partially open pumping chamber to show the elements it encloses, the pump being different from that illustrated in Figure 1 in particular.
Dans la description qui suit, les termes « inférieur », « supérieur », « haut », « bas » etc .. sont utilisés en référence aux dessins pour une plus grande facilité de compréhension. Ils ne doivent pas être compris comme étant des limitations de la portée de l'invention. In the following description, the terms "lower", "upper", "high", "low" etc. are used with reference to the drawings for greater ease of understanding. They should not be understood as limitations of the scope of the invention.
La figure 1 montre une pompe volumétrique 1 à engrenages conforme à l'invention, comportant une chambre de pompage 2.  FIG. 1 shows a positive displacement pump 1 according to the invention, comprising a pumping chamber 2.
La chambre de pompage 2 présente une cavité interne 3 dont la section transversale est sensiblement elliptique.  The pumping chamber 2 has an internal cavity 3 whose cross section is substantially elliptical.
La chambre présente, transversalement, une ouverture d'entrée 4 d'un fluide, par laquelle un fluide pompé est introduit dans la cavité 3 de la chambre 2, et une ouverture de sortie 5 par laquelle le fluide pompé est expulsé. La chambre 2 présente également, longitudinalement, deux parois d'extrémité 6 et 7, fermant la cavité 3. The chamber has, transversely, an inlet opening 4 of a fluid, through which a pumped fluid is introduced into the cavity 3 of the chamber 2, and an outlet opening 5 through which the pumped fluid is expelled. The chamber 2 also has, longitudinally, two end walls 6 and 7, closing the cavity 3.
Deux arbres 8 et 9, présentant le même diamètre, traversent la cavité 3 de la chambre 2, et leur axe respectif D8 et D9 sont orientés suivant une direction parallèle à un axe longitudinal D1 .  Two shafts 8 and 9, having the same diameter, pass through the cavity 3 of the chamber 2, and their respective axes D8 and D9 are oriented in a direction parallel to a longitudinal axis D1.
La pompe volumétrique 1 est une pompe à pignons auto-entraînés.  The positive displacement pump 1 is a self-driven gear pump.
Aussi, l'un des arbres (l'arbre 9 dans le cas présent) sort de la cavité de la chambre 1 pour être relié à un système d'entraînement en rotation (non illustré).  Also, one of the shafts (the shaft 9 in this case) exits the cavity of the chamber 1 to be connected to a rotating drive system (not shown).
L'autre arbre (l'arbre 8 dans le cas présent) est monté fou dans la cavité de la chambre.  The other shaft (the shaft 8 in this case) is mounted crazy in the cavity of the chamber.
Pour ce faire, les extrémités 12 de l'arbre 8 sont insérées dans des logements cylindriques 10 et 1 1 qui sont solidaires des parois d'extrémité 6 et 7, respectivement, les logements cylindriques 10 et 1 1 étant ouverts vers la cavité 3.  To do this, the ends 12 of the shaft 8 are inserted into cylindrical housings 10 and 11 which are integral with the end walls 6 and 7, respectively, the cylindrical housings 10 and 11 being open towards the cavity 3.
L'extrémité de l'arbre 9 qui n'est pas reliée à un moteur d'entraînement en rotation est également insérée dans un logement cylindrique 13 solidaire de l'une 7 des parois d'extrémités de la chambre 2.  The end of the shaft 9 which is not connected to a rotary drive motor is also inserted into a cylindrical housing 13 integral with one of the end walls of the chamber 2.
Les extrémités des arbres 8 et 9 positionnées dans les logements cylindriques 10, 1 1 et 13 sont libres de tourner autour de leur axe dans les logements cylindriques 10, 1 1 et 13.  The ends of the shafts 8 and 9 positioned in the cylindrical housings 10, 11 and 13 are free to rotate about their axis in the cylindrical housings 10, 11 and 13.
Pour que la rotation de l'arbre 9, autour de son axe D9, entraîne la rotation de l'arbre 8 autour de son axe D8, chacun des arbres 8 et 9 porte un pignon d'entraînement mécanique 14 (voir en particulier la figure 2) les deux pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14 présentant des saillies 15 réparties uniformément autour d'un disque 16, les saillies des deux pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14 étant entrelacées entre elles quand les deux arbres sont positionnés dans la pompe. Les deux pignons 14 constituent ainsi un engrenage pour la pompe 1 .  For the rotation of the shaft 9, about its axis D9, causes the rotation of the shaft 8 about its axis D8, each of the shafts 8 and 9 carries a mechanical drive gear 14 (see in particular the figure 2) the two mechanical drive gears 14 having projections 15 uniformly distributed around a disk 16, the projections of the two mechanical drive gears 14 being intertwined with each other when the two shafts are positioned in the pump. The two gears 14 thus constitute a gear for the pump 1.
Les saillies 15 des pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14 sont des dents au sens de la présente description, car ces saillies sont de petite taille (comparée à la taille d'autres saillies radiales qui seront présentées par la suite) et présentent chacune une extrémité libre 17 sensiblement en forme de pointe.  The projections 15 of the mechanical drive gears 14 are teeth in the sense of the present description, because these projections are small (compared to the size of other radial projections which will be presented later) and each have a free end 17 substantially shaped tip.
Les saillies 15 (ou dents 15) présentent toutes, par ailleurs, une symétrie axiale de part et d'autre des rayons R du disque 16 suivant chacun desquels elles s'étendent (voir figure 5 en particulier). Cette symétrie permet un entraînement en rotation du pignon d'entraînement mécanique 14 dans un sens ou dans l'autre autour de son axe. Par conséquent, l'arbre 9 peut être entraîné en rotation autour de son axe D9 dans un sens ou dans l'autre. Le sens de rotation de l'arbre 9 est déterminé suivant que l'on souhaite introduire le fluide à pompe dans une ouverture 4 ou dans une autre 5 dans la chambre de pompage 2. The protrusions 15 (or teeth 15) all have, moreover, an axial symmetry on either side of the rays R of the disk 16 following each of which they extend (see Figure 5 in particular). This symmetry allows a rotational drive of the mechanical drive pinion 14 in one direction or the other around its axis. Therefore, the shaft 9 can be rotated about its axis D9 in one direction or the other. The direction of rotation of the shaft 9 is determined according to whether it is desired to introduce the pump fluid into an opening 4 or into another 5 in the pumping chamber 2.
Tous les pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14 montrés dans les exemples de réalisation comportent chacun quinze saillies 1 5 (ou dents 1 5), et les saillies 1 5 présentent une hauteur H.  All the mechanical drive gears 14 shown in the exemplary embodiments each have fifteen projections 15 (or teeth 15), and the projections 15 have a height H.
Le disque 16 des pignons d'entraînement mécanique 1 4 présente une ouverture traversante centrale 1 8 dont le diamètre correspond sensiblement à celui de l'arbre 8 (ou de l'arbre 9), et est de préférence légèrement supérieur à celui de l'arbre 8 (ou de l'arbre 9), afin d'enfiler le pignon sur l'arbre 8 (ou sur l'arbre 9).  The disc 16 of the mechanical drive pinion 1 4 has a central through opening 1 8 whose diameter substantially corresponds to that of the shaft 8 (or the shaft 9), and is preferably slightly greater than that of the shaft 8 (or shaft 9), in order to thread the pinion on the shaft 8 (or on the shaft 9).
L'épaisseur radiale E du disque 1 6, prise entre l'ouverture 1 8 et la paroi extérieure 1 9 du disque 1 6 entre deux dents 1 5 est supérieure à la hauteur H des dents 1 5 des pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14.  The radial thickness E of the disc 1 6, taken between the opening 1 8 and the outer wall 1 9 of the disc 1 6 between two teeth 1 5 is greater than the height H of the teeth 1 5 of the mechanical drive gears 14.
Le rayon P de chacun des pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14 correspond à l'addition du rayon de l'ouverture 1 8, de l'épaisseur E du disque 1 6 et de la hauteur H d'une dent 1 5.  The radius P of each of the mechanical drive gears 14 corresponds to the addition of the radius of the opening 1 8, the thickness E of the disc 1 6 and the height H of a tooth 1 5.
Conformément à l'invention, chaque arbre 8 et 9 porte également un élément de pompage hydraulique, placé avec un pignon d'entraînement mécanique 14 dans la chambre de pompage 2.  According to the invention, each shaft 8 and 9 also carries a hydraulic pumping element, placed with a mechanical drive pinion 14 in the pumping chamber 2.
Les figures 1 à 4 montrent un premier exemple d'éléments 20 de pompage hydraulique.  Figures 1 to 4 show a first example of hydraulic pumping elements.
Les éléments de pompage hydraulique sont réalisés par des roues 20 à lobes 21 , visibles notamment sur la figure 2.  The hydraulic pumping elements are made by lobed wheels 21, visible in particular in FIG. 2.
Chacune des roues 20 à lobes 21 s'étend suivant une direction axiale sur une longueur L1 , qui est supérieure à la longueur L2 sur laquelle s'étend le pignon d'entraînement mécanique 14. L'addition des longueurs L1 et L2 correspond sensiblement à la longueur L3 de la cavité 3 de la chambre, prise sensiblement entre les deux parois internes d'extrémité 6 et 7 de la chambre de pompage 2 (voir figures 1 et 4 en particulier). Each of the lobed wheels 21 extends in an axial direction along a length L1 which is greater than the length L2 on which the mechanical drive gear 14 extends. The addition of the lengths L1 and L2 substantially corresponds to the length L3 of the cavity 3 of the chamber, taken substantially between the two end internal walls 6 and 7 of the pumping chamber 2 (see FIGS. 1 and 4 in particular) .
Chacune des roues 20 à lobes 21 présente une ouverture traversante axiale centrale 22 de forme cylindrique, dont le diamètre correspond sensiblement à celui de l'arbre 8 (ou de l'arbre 9), et est de préférence légèrement supérieur à celui de l'arbre 8 (ou de l'arbre 9), afin d'enfiler le pignon sur l'arbre 8 (ou sur l'arbre 9).  Each of the lobed wheels 21 has a central axial through opening 22 of cylindrical shape, whose diameter corresponds substantially to that of the shaft 8 (or of the shaft 9), and is preferably slightly greater than that of the shaft 8 (or shaft 9), in order to thread the pinion on the shaft 8 (or on the shaft 9).
Chacune des roues 20 présente, entre l'ouverture centrale 22 et les lobes 21 , une partie centrale 23 dont l'épaisseur radiale E1 , prise entre l'ouverture 22 et la paroi extérieure 24 de la roue 20 entre deux lobes 21 , est inférieure à la hauteur H1 des lobes 21 des roues 20. .  Each of the wheels 20 has, between the central opening 22 and the lobes 21, a central portion 23 whose radial thickness E1, taken between the opening 22 and the outer wall 24 of the wheel 20 between two lobes 21, is smaller at the height H1 of the lobes 21 of the wheels 20..
Le rayon P1 de chacune des roues 20 à lobes 21 correspond à l'addition du rayon de l'ouverture 22, de l'épaisseur E1 de la partie centrale 23 et de la hauteur H1 d'un lobe 21 .  The radius P1 of each of the lobed wheels 20 corresponds to the addition of the radius of the opening 22, the thickness E1 of the central portion 23 and the height H1 of a lobe 21.
On notera que le rayon P1 des roues à lobes 20 est supérieur au rayon P des pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14.  It will be noted that the radius P1 of the lobe wheels 20 is greater than the radius P of the mechanical drive gears 14.
On notera également que l'épaisseur radiale E1 des roues à lobes 20 est plus petite que l'épaisseur radiale E des pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14.  It will also be noted that the radial thickness E1 of the lobe wheels 20 is smaller than the radial thickness E of the mechanical drive gears 14.
On notera enfin que la hauteur H1 des lobes est plus importante que la hauteur des saillies 15 (ou dents 15) des pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14.  Finally, note that the height H1 of the lobes is greater than the height of the projections 15 (or teeth 15) of the mechanical drive gears 14.
Dans le mode de réalisation présenté en figures 1 à 4, les pignons d'engrenage mécanique 14 et les roues 20 à lobes peuvent être réalisés dans des matériaux différents. L'avantage de réaliser en deux pièces l'élément 20 dédié au pompage hydraulique et le pignon 14 dédié à l'entraînement mécanique est que l'on peut réaliser le pignon 14 dans des matériaux plus résistants (ou plus adaptés aux caractéristiques du fluide à pomper) que les pignons d'entraînement classiques (qui sont également dédiés au pompage hydraulique, contrairement à l'invention).  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the mechanical gear gears 14 and the lobed wheels 20 may be made of different materials. The advantage of producing in two parts the element 20 dedicated to hydraulic pumping and the pinion 14 dedicated to the mechanical drive is that the pinion 14 can be made of materials that are more resistant (or more adapted to the characteristics of the fluid to be produced. pumping) than conventional drive sprockets (which are also dedicated to hydraulic pumping, in contrast to the invention).
Ainsi, grâce à l'invention, on peut choisir le matériau dans lequel les pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14 et les roues à lobes 20 sont réalisés, ce qui n'était pas évident dans le cadre de la réalisation de pignons de pompes auto entraînées classiques. De plus, il sera noté que les roues à lobes présentées dans les figures 1 à 4 présentent chacune six lobes 21 , alors que les pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14 comportent chacun quinze dents 15. Aussi, en dissociant les éléments dédiés au pompage hydraulique et ceux dédiés à l'entraînement mécanique, on peut prévoir un nombre de saillies différent entre la roue 20 et le pignon 14. En effet, comme les saillies (ou dents) 15 des pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14 n'ont que peu d'effet sur l'efficacité du pompage hydraulique, on peut en augmenter le nombre et améliorer les performances d'entraînement mécanique des arbres 8 et 9 et améliorer l'efficacité de pompage hydraulique de la roue 20 en minimisant le nombre de saillies (ce qui serait inenvisageable avec un pignon classique servant à la fois au pompage hydraulique et à l'entraînement mécanique, car cela irait à encontre des connaissances de l'homme du métier suivant lesquelles, quand on augmente le nombre de dents, on perd en efficacité de pompage hydraulique). Thus, thanks to the invention, it is possible to choose the material in which the mechanical drive gears 14 and the lobe wheels 20 are made, which was not obvious in the context of the production of self-driven pump gears. classics. In addition, it will be noted that the lobe wheels shown in Figures 1 to 4 each have six lobes 21, while the mechanical drive gears 14 each comprise fifteen teeth 15. Also, by dissociating the elements dedicated to hydraulic pumping and those dedicated to the mechanical drive, one can provide a number of different projections between the wheel 20 and the pinion 14. Indeed, as the projections (or teeth) 15 mechanical drive gears 14 have only few effect on the efficiency of the hydraulic pumping, one can increase the number and improve the mechanical drive performance of the shafts 8 and 9 and improve the hydraulic pumping efficiency of the wheel 20 by minimizing the number of projections (which would be unthinkable with a conventional gear for both hydraulic pumping and mechanical drive, as this would be contrary to the knowledge of the skilled person that, when we increase the number of teeth, one loses in hydraulic pumping efficiency).
En outre, la dissociation des éléments assurant l'entraînement mécanique In addition, the dissociation of the elements ensuring the mechanical drive
14 de ceux assurant l'entraînement hydraulique du fluide permet de régler l'angle d'inclinaison des éléments saillants 15 de l'un par rapport aux éléments saillants 21 de l'autre. 14 of those providing fluid hydraulic drive to adjust the inclination angle of the projecting elements 15 of one with respect to the salient elements 21 of the other.
Pour ce faire, on prévoit de fixer la position des lobes 21 des roues 20 par rapport à la position des dents 15 des pignons 14 sur chaque arbre.  To do this, it is expected to fix the position of the lobes 21 of the wheels 20 relative to the position of the teeth 15 of the pinions 14 on each shaft.
Pour ce faire, des trous borgnes filetés sont ménagés à travers les roues 20 à lobes 21 , en particulier dans la partie centrale 23 de chacune des roues 20 à lobes, suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe de la roue 20. De plus, chacun des pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14 est traversé par des ouvertures 31 , les ouvertures 31 étant ménagées suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe des pignons 14 et à travers le disque central 16 (figure 2).  To do this, threaded blind holes are formed through the lobe wheels 21, in particular in the central portion 23 of each of the lobed wheels 20, in a direction parallel to the axis of the wheel 20. In addition, each of the mechanical drive gears 14 is traversed by openings 31, the openings 31 being formed in a direction parallel to the axis of the gears 14 and through the central disk 16 (Figure 2).
De préférence, on prévoit trois ouvertures traversantes 31 dans le disque central 16 des pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14 et trois trous borgnes filetés dans les roues 20 à lobes 21 . Les trois ouvertures traversantes 31 ainsi que les trois trous borgnes sont réalisés à égales distances les uns des autres autour de l'axe du pignon 14 ou de la roue 20, respectivement. L'angle entre deux trous borgnes ou deux ouvertures traversantes est donc sensiblement de La fixation est réalisée par vissage à travers l'ouverture 31 dans le trou borgne de chaque roue 20 à lobes 21 . Preferably, three through openings 31 are provided in the central disc 16 of the mechanical drive gears 14 and three threaded blind holes in the lobed wheels 21. The three through openings 31 and the three blind holes are made at equal distances from each other about the axis of the pinion 14 or the wheel 20, respectively. The angle between two blind holes or two through openings is therefore substantially Fixing is performed by screwing through the opening 31 into the blind hole of each lobed wheel 21.
On peut également prévoir des moyens de réglage angulaire de la position des lobes 21 par rapport à la position des dents 15 autour de l'axe D8 ou D9 des arbres 8 et 9, et plus particulièrement de la position de l'élément de pompage hydraulique 20 par rapport à la position du pignon d'entraînement mécanique 14 autour des axes D8 et D9 des arbres 8 ou 9.  It is also possible to provide means for angularly adjusting the position of the lobes 21 with respect to the position of the teeth 15 around the axis D8 or D9 of the shafts 8 and 9, and more particularly of the position of the hydraulic pumping element. 20 with respect to the position of the mechanical drive pinion 14 about the axes D8 and D9 of the shafts 8 or 9.
Ces moyens de réglage angulaire sont représentés au moins partiellement en figure 5.  These angular adjustment means are shown at least partially in FIG.
Ces moyens de réglage comprennent les trous borgnes ménagés dans les roues 20 (évoqués ci-dessus), des vis 30 (montrées en figure 8 par exemple), et des ouvertures traversantes 32 au profil particulier 32, ménagées à travers le pignon d'entraînement mécanique 14, qui vont maintenant être présentées en faisant référence à la figure 5.  These adjustment means comprise blind holes in the wheels 20 (mentioned above), screws 30 (shown in FIG. 8 for example), and through openings 32 with a particular profile 32, formed through the drive pinion. mechanical 14, which will now be presented with reference to FIG.
Trois ouvertures 32 traversent le disque 16 suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe du pignon d'engrenage mécanique 14.  Three openings 32 pass through the disk 16 in a direction parallel to the axis of the mechanical gear pinion 14.
Les trois ouvertures 32 sont ménagées à égales distances les unes des autres, autour de l'axe du pignon d'engrenage mécanique 14.  The three openings 32 are arranged at equal distances from each other, around the axis of the mechanical gear pinion 14.
Les trois ouvertures 32 présentent chacune une forme de haricot, en s'étendant suivant un arc de cercle autour de l'axe du pignon d'entraînement mécanique 14, présentant ainsi une forme oblongue.  The three openings 32 each have a bean shape, extending along an arc of a circle around the axis of the mechanical drive pinion 14, thus having an oblong shape.
Cette forme oblongue des ouvertures 32, incurvée, permet une rotation du pignon d'entraînement mécanique 14 autour de l'arbre 8 ou 9 par rapport à la roue 20 à lobes, après vissage partiel des vis dans les trous borgnes des roues 20, de sorte que l'on peut faire varier la position d'une dent 15 par rapport à la position d'un lobe 21 en faisant varier la position de la vis dans l'ouverture 32 d'une extrémité 33 de l'ouverture à l'autre extrémité 34.  This oblong shape of the openings 32, curved, allows a rotation of the mechanical drive gear 14 around the shaft 8 or 9 relative to the lobe wheel 20, after partial screwing of the screws in the blind holes of the wheels 20, so that the position of a tooth 15 can be varied with respect to the position of a lobe 21 by varying the position of the screw in the opening 32 of an end 33 of the opening to the other end 34.
Ainsi, en fonction de la longueur de l'arc de cercle (entre les extrémités 33 et 34 de l'ouverture 32) suivant lequel s'étend l'ouverture traversante 32, l'angle de réglage est plus ou moins important.  Thus, depending on the length of the arc (between the ends 33 and 34 of the opening 32) along which the through opening 32 extends, the adjustment angle is more or less important.
Comme les pignons d'engrenage 14 et les roues 20 à lobes n'ont pas le même diamètre, lorsqu'une ou plusieurs dents 15 sont placées entre deux lobes 21 (figure 3 par exemple), les dents 15 et une partie du disque 16 forment une paroi 28 fermant latéralement au moins partiellement un espace 29 entre deux lobes 21 . Since the gear wheels 14 and the lobed wheels 20 do not have the same diameter, when one or more teeth 15 are placed between two lobes 21 (FIG. 3 for example), the teeth 15 and a portion of the disc 16 form a wall 28 laterally closing at least partially a space 29 between two lobes 21.
Cette paroi 28 agit comme un déflecteur sur le fluide qui est pompé dans la chambre de pompage 2, canalisant de part et d'autre de la paroi 28 le fluide entre deux lobes 21 lors de la rotation des roues 20 à lobes 21 . En créant des parois écran entre les roues 20, on peut positionner les roues 20 avec un décalage angulaire entre l'une et l'autre en évitant que le fluide passe de l'une à l'autre. Ce décalage conduit à de meilleures performances en augmentant la fréquence des pulsations de pompage. Par exemple, dans le cas d'une roue 20 à six lobes 21 présentée sur les figures 1 à 4, la fréquence de pulsation normale est de 6. Avec un positionnement angulaire adapté des dents 15 du pignon d'engrenage mécanique 14 par rapport aux lobes 21 de la roue 20, on arrive à obtenir une fréquence de 12.  This wall 28 acts as a deflector on the fluid which is pumped into the pumping chamber 2, channeling on either side of the wall 28 the fluid between two lobes 21 during the rotation of the lobe wheels 21. By creating screen walls between the wheels 20, one can position the wheels 20 with an angular offset between one and the other avoiding that the fluid passes from one to the other. This offset leads to better performance by increasing the frequency of the pump pulsations. For example, in the case of a six lobe wheel 21 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the normal pulse frequency is 6. With an appropriate angular positioning of the teeth 15 of the mechanical gear pinion 14 with respect to lobes 21 of the wheel 20, it is possible to obtain a frequency of 12.
Il existe encore un autre avantage à dissocier des éléments servant au pompage hydraulique (20) et ceux servant à l'entraînement mécanique (14): la forme des lobes 21 de la roue 20 à lobes peut être quelconque, puisqu'elle n'a pas à servir également à l'entraînement mécanique des arbres 8 et 9 sur lesquels elles sont montées.  There is yet another advantage to dissociating elements used for hydraulic pumping (20) and those used for mechanical drive (14): the shape of the lobes 21 of the lobe wheel 20 can be arbitrary, since it has no not to be used also for the mechanical drive of the shafts 8 and 9 on which they are mounted.
En effet, comme on peut le voir sur les figures 2 ou 3, les lobes 21 d'une roue 20 positionnée sur un arbre (8) ne prennent pas appui sur les lobes 21 d'une seconde roue 20 positionnée sur l'autre arbre (9). La forme des lobes peut donc être plus aisément adaptée à la consistance du fluide à pomper.  Indeed, as can be seen in Figures 2 or 3, the lobes 21 of a wheel 20 positioned on a shaft (8) do not bear on the lobes 21 of a second wheel 20 positioned on the other shaft (9). The shape of the lobes can therefore be more easily adapted to the consistency of the fluid to be pumped.
C'est ainsi que, sur les modes de réalisation illustrés sur les figures, on remarquera plusieurs formes de saillies correspondant à des modes de réalisation adaptés à des fluides différents.  Thus, on the embodiments illustrated in the figures, there are several forms of projections corresponding to embodiments adapted to different fluids.
Le mode de réalisation montré en figures 1 à 4 montre des roues 20 à lobes 21 , dont les lobes 21 présentent des profils asymétriques (contrairement aux dents 15 des pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14).  The embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 shows lobed wheels 21 whose lobes 21 have asymmetrical profiles (unlike the teeth of the mechanical drive gears 14).
Sur la figure 4, on remarque que les lobes 21 présentent chacun une partie sommitale 25, une partie avant 26 sensiblement convexe et une partie arrière 27 sensiblement plate. Il s'agit d'une forme classique de lobes 21 , dont la partie avant est utilisée usuellement pour entraîner en rotation la roue à lobes disposée sur l'autre arbre (ce n'est pas le cas ici). L'invention permet ainsi de mettre en œuvre des roues 20 à lobes 21 classiques, dans la chambre de pompage 2 de la pompe conforme à l'invention, ce qui est économique. In Figure 4, we note that the lobes 21 each have a top portion 25, a substantially convex front portion 26 and a substantially flat rear portion 27. This is a conventional form of lobes 21, the front portion is usually used to drive in rotation the lobe wheel disposed on the other shaft (this is not the case here). The invention thus makes it possible to use conventional lobe wheels 21 in the pump chamber 2 of the pump according to the invention, which is economical.
Mais comme indiqué ci-avant, les éléments de pompage hydraulique pourraient présenter des formes encore différentes sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.  But as indicated above, the hydraulic pumping elements could have yet different shapes without departing from the scope of the invention.
Par exemple, la figure 6 montre les deux arbres 8 et 9 sur lesquels sont montés deux pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14 et deux roues 20 à pales 35.  For example, FIG. 6 shows the two shafts 8 and 9 on which are mounted two mechanical drive gears 14 and two impeller wheels 35.
Les pales 35 sont de section et de forme rectangulaires et elles sont positionnées radialement uniformément autour d'un cylindre 36.  The blades 35 are of rectangular section and shape and they are positioned radially uniformly around a cylinder 36.
Un avantage de telles roues 20 à pales 35 est qu'elles sont peu coûteuses à fabriquer.  One advantage of such blade wheels 35 is that they are inexpensive to manufacture.
Un autre mode de réalisation est encore montré en figure 7 : dans cet exemple, les deux pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14 sont fixés chacun à une roue à trois lobes 40, sur chacun des arbres 8 et 9.  Another embodiment is further shown in FIG. 7: in this example, the two mechanical drive gears 14 are each fixed to a three-lobe wheel 40, on each of the shafts 8 and 9.
Les trois lobes 40 des roues 20 sont identiques et uniformément répartis autour de l'axe de chacune des roues 20. Les lobes 40 présentent chacun une base 41 large qui s'étend sur sensiblement un tiers de la périphérie de la roue 20.  The three lobes 40 of the wheels 20 are identical and uniformly distributed around the axis of each of the wheels 20. The lobes 40 each have a wide base 41 which extends over substantially one third of the periphery of the wheel 20.
Un tel mode de réalisation assure un meilleur pompage hydraulique du fluide dans la chambre de pompage 2. De plus le fluide est moins cisaillé dans la chambre de pompage de sorte que de telles roues à lobes peuvent être mises en œuvre dans une pompe pour pomper un fluide supportant peu d'être mélangé si l'on souhaite garder sa consistance.  Such an embodiment ensures a better hydraulic pumping of the fluid in the pumping chamber 2. In addition the fluid is less sheared in the pumping chamber so that such lobe wheels can be implemented in a pump to pump a pump. fluid supporting little to be mixed if one wishes to keep its consistency.
La figure 8 montre encore un autre mode de réalisation, mettant en œuvre des éléments de pompage hydraulique constitués de roues 20 de forme cylindrique, sur chacune desquelles s'étendent des dents 50 suivant un mouvement hélicoïdal : chaque dent s'étend d'une première extrémité 51 du cylindre de la roue 20 à une seconde extrémité 52 suivant un angle d'hélice.  FIG. 8 shows yet another embodiment, implementing hydraulic pumping elements consisting of cylindrical wheels 20, on each of which teeth 50 extend in a helical movement: each tooth extends from a first end 51 of the cylinder of the wheel 20 at a second end 52 at a helix angle.
Les dents 50 sont plus grosses que les dents 15 des pignons d'engrenage mécanique 14. Les dents 50 présentent un sommet 53 de part et d'autre duquel s'étendent deux parties latérales symétriques et convexes 54 et 55. Chacune des roues 20 comporte quinze dents 50. The teeth 50 are larger than the teeth 15 of the mechanical gear gears 14. The teeth 50 have a top 53 on either side of which two symmetrical and convex lateral portions 54 and 55 extend. Each of the wheels 20 has fifteen teeth 50.
Ce mode de réalisation présente un avantage certain si l'on souhaite supprimer les pulsations dans la chambre de pompage 2.  This embodiment has a certain advantage if it is desired to suppress the pulsations in the pumping chamber 2.
Ce mode de réalisation permet n'importe quel angle d'hélice sans imposer une longueur minimum pour réaliser l'élément de pompage hydraulique.  This embodiment allows any helix angle without imposing a minimum length to achieve the hydraulic pumping element.
Il est à noter que ce n'est pas le cas dans les pompes à engrenage usuelles mettant en œuvre de tels éléments de pompage quand ils sont également utilisés pour l'entraînement mécanique : en effet, un rapport de conduite de recouvrement inférieur à 1 doit être respecté, ce qui impose une longueur minimum pour réaliser l'élément de pompage.  It should be noted that this is not the case in the usual gear pumps implementing such pumping elements when they are also used for mechanical drive: indeed, a lap driving ratio of less than 1 must be respected, which imposes a minimum length to achieve the pumping element.
On comprend de ce qui précède que l'invention n'est pas limitée à la mise en œuvre d'un élément de pompage hydraulique particulier et qu'une pompe volumétrique pourrait comprendre encore d'autres éléments de pompage hydraulique sans sortir du cadre de l'invention : par exemple, les éléments de pompage hydraulique pourraient consister en des vis sans fin positionnées aux extrémités des arbres 8 et 9 sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.  It will be understood from the foregoing that the invention is not limited to the implementation of a particular hydraulic pumping element and that a positive displacement pump could further comprise other hydraulic pumping elements without departing from the scope of the invention. the invention: for example, the hydraulic pumping elements could consist of worm positioned at the ends of the shafts 8 and 9 without departing from the scope of the invention.
L'invention s'étend également à des pompes pouvant comprendre plusieurs étages de pignons d'engrenage 14 et/ ou d'éléments de pompage hydraulique 20.  The invention also extends to pumps that may comprise several stages of gear gears 14 and / or hydraulic pumping elements 20.
Deux exemples de réalisations différentes sont présentés en figures 9 et Two examples of different achievements are presented in FIGS.
10. 10.
Sur la figure 9, on observe deux arbres 8 et 9 (les mêmes que ceux des pompes décrites ci-avant) sur chacun desquels est montée une roue 20 à lobes 21 telle que celle représentée sur les figures 1 à 4, de part et d'autre de laquelle sont montés deux pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14.  FIG. 9 shows two shafts 8 and 9 (the same as those of the pumps described above) on each of which is mounted a lobed wheel 21 such as that shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, on both sides. other of which are mounted two mechanical drive gears 14.
Les deux pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14 sont fixés chacun sur une face d'extrémité 60 de la roue 20 à lobes 21 , de la même façon que celle décrite précédemment dans le cadre du montage du pignon d'entraînement mécanique 14 sur la roue 20 à lobes 21 des figures 1 à 4. Dans ce cas, chacune des faces d'extrémité 60 est munie de trous borgnes dans lesquels une vis 30 peut être vissée. Le mode de réalisation montré en figure 9 présente un intérêt dans le cadre de la réalisation d'une pompe volumétrique présentant une chambre particulièrement longue : la présence de deux pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14 aux deux extrémités de la chambre de pompage 2 permet un équilibrage de l'entraînement des arbres 8 et 9 en rotation autour de leur axe respectif. Cela permet également une bonne répartition du fluide dans la chambre de pompage 2. The two mechanical drive gears 14 are each fixed on an end face 60 of the lobed wheel 21, in the same manner as that previously described in the context of the mounting of the mechanical drive pinion 14 on the wheel 20 1 to 4. In this case, each of the end faces 60 is provided with blind holes in which a screw 30 can be screwed. The embodiment shown in FIG. 9 is of interest in the context of the production of a volumetric pump having a particularly long chamber: the presence of two mechanical drive gears 14 at both ends of the pumping chamber 2 makes it possible to balance driving the shafts 8 and 9 in rotation about their respective axes. This also allows a good distribution of the fluid in the pumping chamber 2.
La figure 10 montre encore un autre mode de réalisation : la chambre de pompage 2 enferme deux roues 20 à lobes 21 , entre lesquelles est positionné un pignon d'entraînement mécanique 14.  FIG. 10 shows yet another embodiment: the pumping chamber 2 encloses two lobed wheels 20, between which is positioned a mechanical drive pinion 14.
Les roues 20 peuvent être indexées angulairement l'une par rapport à l'autre au moyen d'un emmanchement sur un arbre cannelé.  The wheels 20 may be indexed angularly relative to each other by means of a fitting on a spline shaft.
Ce mode de réalisation présente un intérêt du fait que l'entraînement mécanique est positionné au centre de la chambre : en réglant angulairement la position des lobes 21 par rapport à la position des dents 15 du pignon 14, on crée deux étages 70 et 71 de pompage hydraulique, ce qui augmente les performances de la pompe comme il a été expliqué précédemment. En effet, dans cette configuration, le pignon d'entraînement mécanique 14 sert également d'écran entre les deux roues 20 à lobes 21 , ce qui permet de limiter les fuites de fluide dans la chambre de pompage d'un étage 70 de roues à lobes 21 à l'autre 71 .  This embodiment is of interest because the mechanical drive is positioned at the center of the chamber: by angularly adjusting the position of the lobes 21 relative to the position of the teeth 15 of the pinion 14, two stages 70 and 71 are created. hydraulic pumping, which increases the performance of the pump as explained above. Indeed, in this configuration, the mechanical drive pinion 14 also serves as a screen between the two lobe wheels 20, which makes it possible to limit fluid leaks in the pumping chamber of a stage 70 lobes 21 to the other 71.
On comprend de ce qui précède comment l'invention permet de réaliser des pompes plus performantes que celles connues jusqu'alors.  It is understood from the foregoing how the invention makes it possible to produce pumps that perform better than those known hitherto.
Il devra toutefois être compris que l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation qui ont été décrits et qu'elle peut s'étendre à d'autres modes.  It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the embodiments that have been described and that it can be extended to other modes.
Notamment, tous les exemples illustrés sur les figures montrent des éléments de pompage hydrauliques 20 qui sont réalisés indépendamment des pignons d'entraînement mécanique 14. Toutefois l'invention concerne également les réalisations suivant lesquelles un élément de pompage hydraulique et un pignon d'entraînement mécanique sont réalisés à partir d'une seule pièce : dans ce cas, la pièce réalisée comporte distinctement deux parties de formes différentes, l'une constituant l'élément de pompage hydraulique et l'autre constituant le pignon d'entraînement mécanique.  In particular, all the examples illustrated in the figures show hydraulic pumping elements 20 which are produced independently of the mechanical drive gears 14. However, the invention also relates to the embodiments according to which a hydraulic pumping element and a mechanical drive pinion are made from a single piece: in this case, the piece produced distinctly comprises two parts of different shapes, one constituting the hydraulic pumping element and the other constituting the mechanical drive pinion.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
Pompe à engrenage (1 ), comportant une chambre de pompage (2) dans laquelle un premier arbre (8) et un second arbre (9) sont entraînés en rotation autour de leur axe respectif (D8, D9), chacun des premier et second arbres (8, 9) portant au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique (20) assurant le pompage hydraulique d'un fluide dans la chambre de pompage (2),  A gear pump (1) having a pumping chamber (2) in which a first shaft (8) and a second shaft (9) are rotated about their respective axes (D8, D9), each of the first and second shafts (8, 9) carrying at least one hydraulic pumping element (20) for hydraulically pumping a fluid in the pumping chamber (2),
ledit au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique (20) de chacun desdits premier et second arbres (8, 9) étant positionné dans ladite chambre de pompage (2) et présentant chacun au moins une première saillie radiale (21 ), said at least one hydraulic pumping element (20) of each of said first and second shafts (8, 9) being positioned in said pumping chamber (2) and each having at least a first radial projection (21),
caractérisée en ce que, dans la chambre de pompage (2), chacun desdits premier et second arbres (8, 9) porte en outre au moins un pignon (14) d'entraînement mécanique en rotation de chacun desdits premier et second arbres (8, 9), chaque pignon (14) d'entraînement mécanique présentant des secondes saillies radiales (15), characterized in that, in the pumping chamber (2), each of said first and second shafts (8, 9) further carries at least one pinion (14) for mechanical rotation of each of said first and second shafts (8 9), each mechanical drive pinion (14) having second radial projections (15),
en ce que, sur chacun desdits premier et second arbres (8, 9), ledit au moins un pignon d'entraînement mécanique (14) est distinct dudit au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique (20), in that, on each of said first and second shafts (8, 9), said at least one mechanical drive gear (14) is distinct from said at least one hydraulic pumping element (20),
et en ce que ladite au moins une première saillie radiale (21 ) et lesdites secondes saillies radiales (15) sont en nombre différent, et l'ensemble formé par ledit au moins un pignon d'entraînement mécanique (14) et ledit au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique (20) desdits premier et second arbres (8, 9) constitue l'engrenage de la pompe. and in that said at least one radial first projection (21) and said second radial projections (15) are different in number, and the assembly formed by said at least one mechanical drive pinion (14) and said at least one hydraulic pumping element (20) of said first and second shafts (8, 9) constitutes the gearing of the pump.
Pompe à engrenage selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que ledit au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique (20) de chaque arbre (8, 9) est réalisé par au moins une roue (20) à lobes (21 ), les lobes constituant des premières saillies (21 ) pour l'élément de pompage hydraulique (20). Pompe à engrenage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que ladite au moins une première saillie (21 ) présente une première hauteur radiale (H1 ), en ce que les secondes saillies (15) présentent une seconde hauteur radiale (H), et en ce que ladite première hauteur radiale (H1 ) est plus grande que ladite seconde hauteur radiale (H). Gear pump according to Claim 1, characterized in that the at least one hydraulic pumping element (20) of each shaft (8, 9) is formed by at least one lobed wheel (20) (21), the lobes constituting first projections (21) for the hydraulic pumping element (20). Gear pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said at least one first projection (21) has a first radial height (H1), in that the second projections (15) have a second radial height (H), and in that said first radial height (H1) is larger than said second radial height (H).
Pompe à engrenage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que chacun des premier et second arbres (8, 9) porte un pignon d'entraînement mécanique (14) positionné entre deux éléments de pompage hydraulique (20). Gear pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the first and second shafts (8, 9) carries a mechanical drive pinion (14) positioned between two hydraulic pumping elements (20).
Pompe à engrenage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que chacun des premier et second arbres (8, 9) porte un élément de pompage hydraulique (20) positionné entre deux pignons d'entraînement mécanique (14). Gear pump according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each of the first and second shafts (8, 9) carries a hydraulic pumping element (20) positioned between two mechanical drive gears (14).
Pompe à engrenage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que chacun des premier et second arbres (8, 9) porte un élément de pompage hydraulique (20) et un pignon d'entraînement mécanique (14). Gear pump according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each of the first and second shafts (8, 9) carries a hydraulic pumping element (20) and a mechanical drive gear (14).
Pompe à engrenage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ledit au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique (20) et ledit au moins un pignon d'entraînement mécanique (14) de chaque arbre (8, 9) sont réalisés en une seule pièce. Gear pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said at least one hydraulic pumping element (20) and said at least one mechanical drive pinion (14) of each shaft (8, 9) are formed in one piece.
Pompe à engrenage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que, sur chacun des premier et second arbres (8, 9), ledit au moins un pignon d'entraînement mécanique (14) est fixé audit au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique (20). Pompe à engrenage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6 et 8, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens (30-34) de réglage angulaire de la position dudit au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique (20) par rapport audit au moins un pignon d'entraînement mécanique (15) autour de l'axe (D8, D9) desdits premier et second arbres (8, 9). Gear pump according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, on each of the first and second shafts (8, 9), said at least one mechanical drive pinion (14) is attached to said at least one hydraulic pumping element (20). Gear pump according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and 8, characterized in that it comprises means (30-34) for angular adjustment of the position of said at least one hydraulic pumping element (20) relative to said at least one mechanical drive gear (15) about the axis (D8, D9) of said first and second shafts (8, 9).
Pompe à engrenage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, 8 et 9, caractérisée en ce que, pour chacun desdits premier et second arbres (8, 9), ledit au moins un élément de pompage hydraulique (20) et ledit au moins un pignon d'entraînement mécanique (15) sont réalisés dans des matériaux différents. Gear pump according to any one of claims 1 to 6, 8 and 9, characterized in that for each of said first and second shafts (8, 9), said at least one hydraulic pumping element (20) and said at least one minus one mechanical drive pinion (15) are made of different materials.
EP16707930.0A 2015-03-11 2016-02-17 Gear pump for compressible liquids or fluids Active EP3268610B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16707930T PL3268610T3 (en) 2015-03-11 2016-02-17 Gear pump for compressible liquids or fluids

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1552016A FR3033601B1 (en) 2015-03-11 2015-03-11 GEAR PUMP, FOR LIQUID OR COMPRESSIBLE FLUID
PCT/FR2016/050359 WO2016142597A1 (en) 2015-03-11 2016-02-17 Gear pump for compressible liquids or fluids

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3268610A1 true EP3268610A1 (en) 2018-01-17
EP3268610B1 EP3268610B1 (en) 2019-11-13

Family

ID=53008763

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EP16707930.0A Active EP3268610B1 (en) 2015-03-11 2016-02-17 Gear pump for compressible liquids or fluids

Country Status (10)

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US (1) US10197057B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3268610B1 (en)
BR (1) BR112017017847B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2770104T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3033601B1 (en)
MX (1) MX2017011592A (en)
PL (1) PL3268610T3 (en)
PT (1) PT3268610T (en)
WO (1) WO2016142597A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201706425B (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021116160A1 (en) * 2021-06-22 2022-12-22 Fte Automotive Gmbh Gear pump and prime mover
DE102022133597A1 (en) * 2022-12-16 2024-06-27 Klaus Lübke Gear pump

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE855945C (en) * 1944-04-05 1952-11-17 Algot Karl Gustaf Bi Toernborg Circulation pump, compressor or the like.
US3272140A (en) * 1964-04-02 1966-09-13 Monsanto Chemicals Metering pump
US3602617A (en) * 1969-06-16 1971-08-31 Kenryu Takahashi Fluid pump
FR2399559A1 (en) 1977-07-27 1979-03-02 Briere Raymond Displacement pump for use in sugar refinery - has modified sinusoidal lobes to prevent breaking of suspended sugar crystals
US5092751A (en) * 1990-10-26 1992-03-03 Viktora Dean C Split gear pump mechanism with gear offset
US5755566A (en) * 1996-08-23 1998-05-26 Kalish Canada Inc. Self-driving fluid pump
CN102767515A (en) * 2012-08-20 2012-11-07 东莞市神煜机械有限公司 Double-row external gear pump
US20140200109A1 (en) * 2013-01-14 2014-07-17 Leo James Stocco Planetary Gear Pump
US20140271313A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 William D. Flavelle Toothed-Lobed Gear Pump

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3033601B1 (en) 2017-03-10
PT3268610T (en) 2020-02-20
BR112017017847B1 (en) 2022-09-27
BR112017017847A2 (en) 2018-04-10
US10197057B2 (en) 2019-02-05
ES2770104T3 (en) 2020-06-30
FR3033601A1 (en) 2016-09-16
ZA201706425B (en) 2019-02-27
US20180045198A1 (en) 2018-02-15
EP3268610B1 (en) 2019-11-13
WO2016142597A1 (en) 2016-09-15
MX2017011592A (en) 2018-06-20
PL3268610T3 (en) 2020-06-01

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