EP3252878A1 - Locking and unlocking system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a secure locking and unlocking system comprising a cylindrical plug body (20), a locking ring (23) and a toothed washer (37), one face of which is positioned on the locking surface of the ring. locking pin (23), a retaining pin (25) for locking the position of a locking member (27), an upper ring (28) mounted on the locking ring (23), the locking member (27) ), the locking ring (23) has a groove, said ramp-shaped groove (36) having a linear portion, then a rising ramp and a descending ramp, a ramp spring (39), configured so that the movement of the locking or unlocking the upper ring (28) is movable and that the locking ring (23) is fixed, the upper ring (28) has a hole in which is positioned a lug (35) whose end of the pin (35) cooperates with the ramp-shaped groove of the bushing e locking (23) guiding the upper ring (28) relative to the locking ring (23).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a secure locking system for locking the system in the locked position regardless of the vibrations of the external environment.

The invention also relates to an electrical connector and a connector assembly comprising such a locking system.

The invention finds applications in all areas requiring the locking of a box on another element. It finds particular applications in the field of connectivity and, in particular, in the fields of aeronautical and automotive connectors, where the connectors are often subjected to strong vibrations.

STATE OF THE ART

In connectivity, the term "connector assembly" is a set of two connection elements (for example a male connection element and a female connection element) assembled with each other to provide an electrical connection. Each of the connection elements comprises one or more electrical contacts (male or female) adapted to be assembled to complementary electrical contacts of the other connection element.

In some applications, particularly in the fields of aeronautical or automotive connections, the strong environmental vibrations generate displacements of the connection elements relative to each other. These displacements can cause a loss of electrical connection between said connection elements of the same connector assembly.

To prevent any displacement of one connection element relative to another, it is known to provide each connector assembly with a locking system for locking the connection between the two connection elements and thus prevent inadvertent disconnections. Such a locking system must make it possible to maintain the connection, even when the connector assembly is subjected to vibrations.

For this, it is known to install a locking system around one of the connection elements in order to lock each connection element relative to the other connection element of the same connector assembly. Different locking systems currently exist. The best known system consists of a generally cylindrical locking ring mounted at the end of one of the connecting elements to hold the two connection elements together. This locking ring is generally a hollow and short cylinder, hereinafter referred to as a ring, equipped with a first holding means intended to keep the ring free to rotate on a first connection element and a second holding means for holding the ring on the second connector member of the connector assembly.

Among the locking rings, there are locking rings whose second holding means is a screw thread for screwing said ring on the connecting elements made at the inner wall of the ring.

This screw pitch is not always sufficient to ensure a maintenance of the connection during vibrations, so there are locking rings whose second holding means is completed by a succession of notches intended to be housed around an element blocking. These notches are also made in the inner wall of the ring, which is provided with a succession of notches intended to be housed around a locking element. The blocking element can then be a simple blocking pin or a preponderance ball and spring device. In this second variant, the locking element generally comprises an orifice opening on the surface of the connecting element and forming a transverse housing. The locking element also comprises a spring placed transversely in the opening orifice, that is to say placed perpendicular to the direction of the electrical contacts of the connection element. This locking element further comprises a ball placed above the spring so as to be partially in the housing. This ball is positioned to be partially in the housing when the spring is relaxed and fully in the housing when the spring is compressed. In this variant, the locking ring is mounted at the end of the connection element so as to cover the housing.

When locking the system, the operator rotates the locking ring around the connection member. The inner wall of the locking ring slides, notch by notch, around the end of the connecting element and therefore of the locking element. Thus, the notched inner wall of the locking ring causes a movement of the ball in its housing. This movement is induced by the notches of the locking ring. Indeed, each notch is an asymmetrical tooth, substantially in the shape of a right triangle. Each notch therefore has a low side of low height and a high side of greater height. The height of the high side is substantially equal to the height of the portion of the ball that protrudes from the housing. Thus, when the locking ring is rotating, the bottom side of the notches press on the ball, which compresses the spring. The ball is then fully housed in its housing and does not exceed said housing. The locking ring continues to slide, the high side of the notches is opposite the ball which can then out part of the housing under the effect of the relaxation of the spring. When the ball is partially out of its housing, it is locked in the notch of the locking ring, ensuring the locking of the connector assembly.

However, under extreme conditions and especially with strong vibrations or shaking, the spring may involuntarily compress the ball into the housing, allowing the notches of the locking ring to slide so as to unlock said ring. . Such extreme conditions are encountered, for example, in the field of the automobile, when a vehicle passes over a pothole or other cavity of the roadway, or in the field of aeronautics, during holes of air in flight or shock on landing.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

• un corps de fiche de forme cylindrique, ledit corps de fiche comporte sur la paroi extérieure une partie filetée
• une bague de verrouillage filetée à l'intérieur apte à être montée sur le corps de fiche, ladite bague de verrouillage comporte au moins un orifice, l'orifice s'étend selon un axe parallèle à l'axe longitudinal de la bague de verrouillage débouchant sur une surface de verrouillage, ladite bague de verrouillage étant configurée pour verrouiller le système de verrouillage dans un sens de rotation de la bague de verrouillage et déverrouiller le système de verrouillage dans l'autre sens de rotation de la bague de verrouillage,
• une rondelle crantée, dont une face est positionnée sur la surface de verrouillage de la bague de verrouillage,
• une goupille de maintien pour bloquer la position d'un élément de blocage insérée dans l'orifice s'étendant au-delà de la surface de verrouillage,
• une bague supérieure montée sur la bague de verrouillage, la bague supérieure comporte une surface de contact apte à venir en appui sur l'autre face de la rondelle crantée, ladite bague supérieure comporte un levier adapté pour débloquer l'élément de blocage dans le sens de rotation de la bague de verrouillage,
• l'élément de blocage, tel qu'un loquet, monté sur la goupille de maintien bloquant la position de l'élément de blocage, ledit élément de blocage comporte une partie flexible apte à venir se loger entre deux crans de la rondelle crantée,

remarquable en ce que :

• la bague de verrouillage comporte une gorge, ladite gorge en forme de rampe ayant une partie linéaire, puis une rampe montante et une rampe descendante,
• un ressort de rampe (39), configuré pour que le mouvement du verrouillage ou du déverrouillage de la bague supérieure (28) soit mobile et que la bague de verrouillage (23) soit fixe,
• la bague supérieure comporte un trou dans lequel est positionné un ergot dont l'extrémité de l'ergot coopère avec la gorge en forme de rampe de la bague de verrouillage guidant la bague supérieure par rapport à la bague de verrouillage.

The present invention aims to remedy these disadvantages.
For this purpose, according to a first aspect, the present invention aims at a secure locking and unlocking system comprising:

• a cylindrical shaped plug body, said plug body has a threaded portion on the outer wall
• a threaded locking ring inside adapted to be mounted on the plug body, said locking ring comprises at least one orifice, the orifice extends along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the locking ring opening on a locking surface, said locking ring being configured to lock the locking system in one direction of rotation of the locking ring and to unlock the locking system in the other direction of rotation of the locking ring,
• a toothed washer, one face of which is positioned on the locking surface of the locking ring,
• a retaining pin for locking the position of a locking member inserted in the hole extending beyond the locking surface,
• an upper ring mounted on the locking ring, the upper ring comprises a contact surface adapted to bear against the other face of the toothed washer, said upper ring comprises a lever adapted to unlock the blocking element in the direction rotation of the locking ring,
• the locking element, such as a latch, mounted on the retaining pin blocking the position of the locking element, said locking element comprises a flexible portion adapted to be housed between two notches of the toothed washer,

remarkable in that:

• the locking ring has a groove, said ramp-shaped groove having a linear part, then a rising ramp and a descending ramp,
• a ramp spring (39), configured so that the movement of the locking or unlocking of the upper ring (28) is movable and the locking ring (23) is fixed,
• the upper ring has a hole in which is positioned a lug whose end of the lug cooperates with the groove in the form of ramp of the locking ring guiding the upper ring relative to the locking ring.

Thanks to these provisions, in extreme conditions and especially to strong vibrations or strong shaking, the locking ring remains in position. This configuration prevents the blocking element from passing several notches and avoids unlocking the ring. The number of pieces is lower than the existing one, which reduces the manufacturing cost.

The system allows a blockage of the plug during an undesired unlocking due to vibration or due to traction of the plug body. The manual operation of rotation of the upper ring allows the user to unlock or lock according to the direction of rotation.

This latch system makes it easy to control the choice of locking or unlocking. Locking is done by turning the upper ring clockwise. Unlocking is done by turning the upper ring counterclockwise.

Thus the operator feels the force on the locking ring and can feel the end of the lock. In some environments, feeling the tightness and therefore the lock allows you to lock the system blind.

In addition, this plug remains in the size recommended by MIL-C 38999 SIII.

The invention is advantageously implemented according to the embodiments and variants described below, which are to be considered individually or in any technically operative combination.

In one embodiment, the stiffness of the ramp spring applies a predetermined limit value to the locking or unlocking of the locking ring.

The spring is compressed and adds torque to the lock or unlock. This torque is greater than just locking or unlocking.

In one embodiment, the predetermined limit value is greater than 0.2 Nm.

In one embodiment, the locking ring has a first visual cue and the upper ring has a second cue visual, when the first visual cue and the second visual cue coincides the locking system is locked.

Thus, the coincidence or non-coincidence of visual cues allows to have a visual sensitivity to appreciate or not the locking system.

In one embodiment, a return spring is positioned in a housing of the upper ring between a guide pin and a support of the housing of the upper ring, said spring is positioned circularly with respect to the upper ring.

In one embodiment, the closure ring is held in position by a retaining circlip inside the upper ring.

In one embodiment, each notch of the toothed washer has a vertical slope to lock the unlocking and an oblique slope to obtain a locking ratchet noise.

In one embodiment, the upper ring has an opening allowing the plug body to pass.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

• la figure 1 représente une vue en perspective d'un système de verrouillage sécurisé selon un mode de réalisation particulier du système objet de la présente invention,
• la figure 2 représente une vue en perspective du système de verrouillage de la figure 1 en vue en coupe 1/4,
• la figure 3 représente une vue éclatée système de verrouillage sécurisé de la figure 1,
• la figure 4 représente une vue en coupe transversale selon un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du système de verrouillage de la figure 1 en position verrouillé,
• la figure 5 représente une vue en coupe transversale selon un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du système de verrouillage de la figure 1 en position déverrouillé,
• les figures 6 à 9 représentent un autre mode de réalisation avec une rampe,
• les figures 10 à 24 représentent le verrouillage du mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 6 à 9,
• les figures 25 à 32 représentent le déverrouillage du mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 6 à 9,
• les figures 33, 34 et 35 montrent un autre mode de réalisation avec un repère visuel.

Other advantages, aims and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description given for an explanatory and non-limiting purpose with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

• the figure 1 represents a perspective view of a secure locking system according to a particular embodiment of the system that is the subject of the present invention,
• the figure 2 represents a perspective view of the locking system of the figure 1 in 1/4 section view,
• the figure 3 represents an exploded view secure locking system of the figure 1 ,
• the figure 4 represents a cross-sectional view along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the locking system of the figure 1 in locked position,
• the figure 5 represents a cross-sectional view along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the locking system of the figure 1 in unlocked position,
• the Figures 6 to 9 represent another embodiment with a ramp,
• the Figures 10 to 24 represent the locking of the embodiment shown in Figures 6 to 9 ,
• the Figures 25 to 32 represent the unlocking of the embodiment shown in Figures 6 to 9 ,
• the Figures 33, 34 and 35 show another embodiment with a visual cue.

DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLES OF EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

The figure 1 represents a perspective view of the secure locking system according to a particular embodiment. It is visible the plug body 20, the upper ring 28 and the locking ring 23.

The plug body 20 has on the outer wall a threaded portion 21.

The figure 2 represents a perspective view of the locking system of the figure 1 in sectional view 1/4. This figure also shows the plug body 20, the upper ring 28 and the locking ring 23.

It is also visible the closure ring 30 and retaining circlip 33 (elastic ring).

The closure ring 30 closes the locking system and prevents dust from entering the locking system. The retaining circlip 33 holds the closure ring 30 in its position. The closure ring 30 is positioned adjacent to the locking ring 23. That is to say that the closure ring 30 is in plane bearing on the locking ring 23. These two rings are concentric.

The upper ring 28 has an opening, noted 34 (visible at the figure 3 ) passing the plug body 20. This opening is cylindrical circular.

The figure 3 shows an exploded view secure locking system of the figure 1 .

It is visible a plug body 20 of cylindrical shape. The plug body 20 has on the outer wall a threaded portion 21 and another portion comprising a succession of notches 22. The succession of notches 22 represents a notched crown.

In one embodiment, the toothed portion 22 is attached to the plug body 20 by a molding or stamping process.

It is visible a locking ring 23 threaded inside adapted to be mounted on the plug body 20. The locking ring 23 has at least two holes 24. Each orifice 24 extends along an axis parallel to the axis longitudinal of the locking ring 23 opening on a locking surface.

The locking ring 23 is configured to lock the locking system in a direction of rotation of the locking ring 23 and to unlock the locking system in the other direction of rotation of the locking ring 23.

In this embodiment, there are two retaining pins 25 for locking the position of a locking element 27. The two retaining pins 25 are inserted into two adjacent orifices 24. These orifices 24 extend beyond the locking surface.

In this embodiment, there are four guiding pins inserted in other orifices 24. These orifices 24 also extend beyond the locking surface.

The upper ring 28 is mounted on the locking ring 23. The upper ring 28 caps the locking ring 23.

On this plug body 20, the threaded locking ring 23 is mounted in front of the toothed ring.

The upper ring 28 has a contact surface adapted to bear on the locking surface of the locking ring 23.

The contact surface has four oblong through holes 29 adapted to receive the guide pin 26. The shape of the oblong holes allows a degree of freedom and leaves a clearance allowing the locking ring 23 to move slightly concentrically by relative to the plug body 20. The oblong holes are implanted so as to follow the rotation of the locking ring 23.

The upper ring 28 has a flexible portion 31 adapted to unlock the blocking element in the direction of rotation of the ring. 23. The flexible portion 31 is a circular-shaped arm located inside the upper ring 28 and which follows in circular form the upper ring 28.

The locking element 27, such as a latch, is mounted on the two retaining pins 25 which block the position of the locking element 27. The locking element 27, called the latch for the suite, comprises a flexible part capable of to be housed between two notches of the plug body 20. The part is flexible due to the elasticity of the material.

The use of a latch blocks the unlocking of the plug body 20 induced by parasitic vibrations. The latch is disengaged manually by the rotation of the upper ring 28 to cap the locking ring 23 containing the thread engaged with the thread of the plug body 20.

In a stable position, the latch is supported on the notches, which blocks any unlocking involuntary.

To unlock the connector, the operator must turn the upper ring 28 approximately 10 ° counter-clockwise.

Therefore, the flexible portion of the upper ring 28 (or arm), located at the periphery of the notches, then raises the latch. The connector is thus unlocked.

The upper ring 28 abuts against four pins inserted in the locking ring 23, simply continue to turn counterclockwise to unlock the connector fully. The return to a stable position with a catch engaged with the notches of the plug body 20 is made possible by a return spring 32 placed in tangential position of the locking ring 23.

The return spring 32 is positioned in a housing of the upper ring 28 between a guide pin 27 and a support of the housing of the upper ring 28. The return spring 32 is positioned circularly with respect to the upper ring 28.

The figure 4 represents a cross-sectional view along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the locking system of the figure 1 in locked position.

In this configuration, the guide pins 26 are positioned on the right of the oblong through holes 29.

The arrow shows the locking direction. The dotted circle shows the location of the lock.

The figure 5 represents a cross-sectional view along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the locking system of the figure 1 in unlocked position.

In this configuration, the guiding pins 26 are positioned on the left of the oblong through holes 29.

The flexible portion 31 is adapted to unlock the latch in the direction of rotation of the locking ring 23. The flexible portion is used to mount the latch.

The arrow shows the direction of unlocking. The dotted circle shows the location of the unlock.

The figure 6 shows another embodiment with a ramp. It is shown in this figure the plug body 20, the locking ring 23, the upper ring 28, the flexible portion 31 and the toothed washer.

In a variant not shown, there is only a ramp spring, denoted 39 in the figure, which makes it possible to make the upper ring 28 mobile during the locking or unlocking phase: the locking ring 23 is fixed and the upper ring 28 is movable by the ramp spring 39.

In the variant shown, a first ramp spring 38 is positioned between the plug body 20 and the locking ring 23. A second ramp spring 39 is positioned between the plug body 20 and the upper ring 28.

The stiffness of the first spring and the second spring applies a predetermined limit value to the locking or unlocking of the locking ring 23. Thus the operator feels the force of the locking ring and can feel the end of locking. In certain environments, the fact of feeling the tightening and thus the locking makes it possible to lock the system blind.

The figure 7 represents an exploded view secure locking system of the figure 6 .

It is visible a plug body 20 of cylindrical shape. The plug body 20 has on the outer wall a threaded portion 21.

There is visible a toothed washer 37, one face is positioned on the locking surface of the locking ring.

It is visible a locking ring 23 threaded inside adapted to be mounted on the plug body 20. The locking ring 23 has at least one orifice 24. The orifice 24 extends along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the locking ring 23 opening on a locking surface. In this embodiment, there are two orifices 24.

The locking ring 23 is configured to lock the locking system in a direction of rotation of the locking ring 23 and to unlock the locking system in the other direction of rotation of the locking ring 23.

In this embodiment, there are two retaining pins 25 for locking the position of a locking element 27. The two retaining pins 25 are inserted into two adjacent orifices 24. These orifices 24 extend beyond the locking surface.

The upper ring 28 is mounted on the locking ring 23. The upper ring 28 caps the locking ring 23.

On this plug body 20, the threaded locking ring 23 is mounted forward notched washer 37.

The upper ring 28 has a contact surface 42, shown in the following figure, adapted to bear against the other face of the toothed washer 37.

The contact surface 42 comprises a lever 41.

The closure ring 30, the opening 34 and the circlip are described above.

The locking ring 23 moves concentrically with respect to the plug body 20.

The locking ring 23 has a through hole, said ramp-shaped through hole 36 having a linear portion, then a rising ramp and a descending ramp.

The upper ring 28 has a through hole in which is positioned a lug 35, the end of the lug 35 cooperates with the ramp-shaped through hole of the locking ring 23 guiding the upper ring 28 relative to the ring. lock 23.

The upper ring 28 has a flexible portion 31 adapted to unlock the locking element in the direction of rotation of the locking ring 23. The flexible portion 31 is a circular arm located inside the upper ring 28 and which follows from the circular form the upper ring 28.

The locking element 27, such as a latch, is mounted on the two retaining pins 25 which block the position of the locking element 27. The locking element 27, called the latch for the suite, comprises a flexible part capable of to be housed between two notches of the plug body 20. The part is flexible due to the elasticity of the material.

The use of a latch blocks the unlocking of the plug body 20 induced by parasitic vibrations. The latch is disengaged, by the lever 41 (shown in the following figure), manually by the rotation of the upper ring 28 to cap the locking ring 23 containing the thread engaged with the thread of the plug body 20.

In a stable position, the latch is supported on the notches, which blocks any unlocking involuntary.

To unlock the connector, the operator must turn the upper ring 28 approximately 10 ° counter-clockwise.

Therefore, the flexible portion of the upper ring 28 (or arm), located at the periphery of the notches, then raises the latch. The connector is thus unlocked. Just continue to turn counterclockwise to unlock the connector completely.

The operation of the first ramp spring 38 and the second ramp spring 39 is explained above.

The figure 8 takes up some elements of the figure 7 . This figure shows the contact surface 42 and the lever 41, as described above.

The figure 9 shows the blocking element 27, the flexible part 31 and the toothed washer 37.

The Figures 10 to 24 represent the locking of the embodiment shown in Figures 6 to 9 . These figures show the locking ring 23, the flexible portion 31, the upper ring 28, the first ramp spring 38, the second ramp spring 39, the plug body 20, the toothed washer 37, the pin 35, the ramp 36, the notch of the flexible portion 40 and the lever 41.

The Figures 10 to 12 show the plug body 20 in the free state. The locking ring 23 and the upper ring 28 can rotate only clockwise with respect to the plug body 20. This is due to the specific profile of the notches of the toothed washer 37 and the notch of the part flexible 40.

The Figures 13 to 15 show another position.

When screwing on the plug body 20: in the early stages, when the tightening torque does not reach a predetermined limit value imposed by the standard (C min), the locking ring 23 and the upper ring 28 are integral between they, because of the position of the lug 35 along the profile of the ramp 36. The rotation of the upper ring 28 causes the rotation of the plug body 20.

The Figures 16 to 18 show another position.

When screwing on the base: when the end of the base 43 comes into contact with the plug body 20. The tightening torque cures without reaching Cv min, the rotation of the upper ring 28 is separated from that of the 23. The locking ring 23 continues to screw on the base 43, the first ramp spring 38 is compressed. The upper ring 28 moves back relative to the locking ring 23.

The Figures 19 to 21 show another position.

When the locking ring 23 comes into abutment with the plug body 20, the tightening torque cures to exceed C min. Then the locking ring 23 no longer rotates and the upper ring 28 continues to turn alone, the lug 35 then passes the top of the ramp 36 (torque peak torque) causing the upper ring 28 to retract furthest from the ring locking 23.

The Figures 22 to 24 show another position.

The tightening torque of the upper ring 28 then becomes lighter until it hardens again when the locking ring 23 and the upper ring 28 are secured again. The operator stops rotating the upper ring 28. The plug body 20 is locked with the base 43. The stable position of the lug 35 in the trough of the ramp 36 by the thrust of the second ramp spring 39 on the upper ring 28, guarantee the blocking of the body 20. To unlock the plug body 20, it will necessarily require a manual operation of an operator.

The Figures 25 and 26 show another position.

To unlock, the operator must provide a torque in the opposite direction of the clock, a value greater than the minimum of the unlocking torque imposed by the standard. The upper ring 28 disengages from the locking ring 23, the pin 35 then descends the ramp 36 according to its profile. The locking ring 23 remains locked on the base 43 since the flexible portion 31 does not rise.

The Figures 27 to 29 show another position.

The lever 41 ends up reaching the stop with the flexible portion 31. The first ramp spring 38 is then at the maximum of its compression.

The Figures 30 to 32 show another position.

The operator continues to rotate the upper ring 28 to unlock the plug body 20. The flexible portion 31 then lifts. The upper ring 28 becomes secured to the locking ring 23 when the lug 35 abuts at the bottom of the ramp 36. The unlocking of the base 43 then operates.

The Figures 33, 34 and 35 show another embodiment with a visual cue.

• dans le premier cas, le visuel est totalement rouge, il correspond à une fiche verrouillée de manière sécurisée ;
• dans le deuxième cas, le visuel correspond à un rond bleu entouré par une collerette rouge, il correspond à une fiche non verrouillée ;
• dans le troisième cas, le visuel est celui d'un rond vert entouré par un collerette rouge, il correspond à la phase de déverrouillage de la fiche.

These figures show the visual sensitivity to locking and unlocking, achieved by the coincidence or not of visual references placed vis-à-vis between the locking ring 23 and the upper ring 28. These visual references are represented by circles and has colors. There are three cases of correspondence:

• in the first case, the visual is totally red, it corresponds to a securely locked plug;
• in the second case, the visual corresponds to a blue circle surrounded by a red collar, it corresponds to an unlocked card;
• in the third case, the visual is that of a green circle surrounded by a red collar, it corresponds to the unlocking phase of the card.

In a variant, not shown, the flexible part comprises a spring which forces the flexible part to move by blocking or not the notches of the toothed ring 37 or the notches of the plug body 20.

NOMENCLATURE

20

plug body

21

threaded part

22

notches

23

locking ring

24

holes

25

holding pin

26

guide pin

27

blocking element

28

top ring

29

oblong through hole

30

closing ring

31

flexible part

32

spring

33

retaining circlip

34

opening

35

lug

36

ramp

37

notched washer

38

first ramp spring

39

second ramp spring

40

notch of the flexible part

41

the sink

42

contact surface

43

base

Claims (8)

Secure locking and unlocking system comprising: - a plug body (20) of cylindrical shape, said plug body (20) has on the outer wall a threaded portion (21). a locking ring (23) threaded inside adapted to be mounted on the plug body (20), said locking ring (23) comprises at least one orifice (24), the orifice (24) is extends along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the locking ring (23) opening on a locking surface, said locking ring (23) being configured to lock the locking system in a direction of rotation of the locking ring (23) and unlock the locking system in the other direction of rotation of the locking ring (23), a toothed washer (37), one face of which is positioned on the locking surface of the locking ring (23), a retaining pin (25) for locking the position of a locking element (27) inserted in the orifice extending beyond the locking surface, - an upper ring (28) mounted on the locking ring (23), the upper ring (28) has a contact surface (42) adapted to bear against the other face of the toothed washer (37), said upper ring (28) comprises a lever (41) adapted to unlock the blocking element in the direction of rotation of the locking ring (23), - the locking element (27), such as a latch, mounted on the retaining pin (25) blocking the position of the locking element (27), said locking element (27) comprises a flexible part ( 31) adapted to be housed between two notches of the toothed washer (37), characterized in that the locking ring (23) comprises a groove, said ramp-shaped groove (36) having a linear part, then an ascending ramp and a descending ramp; - a ramp spring (39), configured so that the movement of the locking or unlocking of the upper ring (28) is movable and the locking ring (23) is fixed, - The upper ring (28) has a hole in which is positioned a lug (35), the end of the lug (35) cooperates with the ramp-shaped groove of the locking ring (23) guiding the upper ring. (28) with respect to the locking ring (23). The system of claim 1, wherein the stiffness of the ramp spring applies a predetermined limit value to locking or unlocking the lock ring (23). The system of claim 2, wherein the predetermined limit value is greater than 0.2 Nm. The system of claim 1, wherein the locking ring (23) has a first visual cue and the upper ring (28) has a second visual cue, when the first cue and the second cue coincides the locking system is locked . System according to claim 1, wherein a return spring (32) is positioned in a housing of the upper ring (28) between a guide pin (26) and a support of the housing of the upper ring (28), said spring is positioned circularly with respect to the upper ring (28). The system of claim 4, wherein the closure ring (30) is held in position by a retaining circlip (33) within the upper ring (28). The system of claim 1, wherein each notch of the toothed washer (37) has a vertical slope to lock the unlocking and an oblique slope to achieve locking pawl sound. The system of claim 1, wherein the upper ring (28) has an opening permitting the plug body (20).

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