EP3249155A1 - Vorrichtung zum betätigen eines luftmotors - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum betätigen eines luftmotors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3249155A1
EP3249155A1 EP17172604.5A EP17172604A EP3249155A1 EP 3249155 A1 EP3249155 A1 EP 3249155A1 EP 17172604 A EP17172604 A EP 17172604A EP 3249155 A1 EP3249155 A1 EP 3249155A1
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Prior art keywords
vacuum
water
air
pipe
cylinder
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EP17172604.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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Mohamed Benkendil
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B29/00—Machines or engines with pertinent characteristics other than those provided for in preceding main groups
    • F01B29/02—Atmospheric engines, i.e. atmosphere acting against vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/02—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid
    • F04F5/04—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid displacing elastic fluids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for generating a vacuum for actuating an air motor according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention aims to operate an engine according to the preamble without releasing pollutants such as gaseous waste (greenhouse gas) or radioactive waste (nuclear plant waste for example).
  • pollutants such as gaseous waste (greenhouse gas) or radioactive waste (nuclear plant waste for example).
  • Air motors have long been known to operate not under the influence of overpressure, such as steam engines, but under the effect of a vacuum.
  • an air motor consists of a cylinder closed at both ends and inside which moves a piston separating the cylinder into two chambers whose volume varies as a function of the displacement of the piston in the cylinder.
  • the piston is provided with a rod protruding from the cylinder at the end of one of the two chambers.
  • Each chamber is provided with at least one intake valve and at least one exhaust valve.
  • Each chamber can be connected through its exhaust valve to a vacuum generator and its intake valve to ambient air. When the exhaust valve of one chamber is opened, the inlet valve of this chamber is closed, while in the other chamber the intake valve is open and the exhaust valve is closed.
  • the exhaust valves are connected in turn to the vacuum generator. It is common for the intake and exhaust valves of the same chamber to be confused.
  • a distributor may be provided for alternately connecting the chambers to a vacuum generator via their exhaust valves and at atmospheric pressure via
  • the object of the invention is to operate an air motor of the type mentioned above by using a renewable and clean energy source that does not harm the environment.
  • a second objective is to improve the performance of dams.
  • Another objective is to improve the quality of river water or that coming out of dams.
  • a fourth objective of the invention is to contribute to the depollution of the air.
  • the vacuum source used to operate the air motor comprises at least one vacuum outlet placed in a Venturi effect device to be placed in a flow of gravity water.
  • the vacuum port of the Venturi device is connected to the motor valve.
  • the air sucked in to operate the piston is introduced into the stream of water that helps to oxygenate it, which has a beneficial effect on aquatic fauna and flora.
  • gravity water one understands a water which is mobilizable by gravity. This exploits the potential energy of water flow which, transformed into kinetic energy, makes it possible to generate a vacuum for operating an air motor. It can be water from a dam or water from a watercourse.
  • the Venturi effect device comprises a Venturi tube placed in a pipe made in a hydraulic dam.
  • the vacuum tap of the Venturi tube is placed in a restriction made for this purpose in the pipe.
  • the pipe may have no other function, or the restriction is placed in an existing pipe, away from a turbine so as to have no effect on the operation thereof.
  • the vacuum outlet of the Venturi tube is placed in an already existing restriction in the pipe, at a turbine.
  • the vacuum tap is placed in a restriction located downstream of a turbine of the hydraulic dam, at the beginning of the suction pipe. This solution is particularly well suited to Francis turbines.
  • the Venturi tube is placed in a dam operating with Pelton turbines which use a needle to regulate the flow out of the water supply line of the turbine.
  • the needle is attached to the end of a control rod and is movable in a nozzle.
  • the control rod and the needle are hollow and in communication with each other, the end of the needle opposite the control rod being open, and the control rod serving as a vacuum to the Venturi tube.
  • the vacuum outlet comprises several openings distributed around the periphery of the pipe and that these openings are placed in the same radial plane.
  • an air filter upstream of the Venturi tube vacuum outlet.
  • the filter can be placed for example in the engine air supply line.
  • the water is generally represented by an arrow in solid line, while the air is represented by an arrow in broken lines.
  • the object of the invention is in particular to increase the efficiency of a hydraulic power plant by operating, parallel to conventional turbines, an air motor using a vacuum source and ambient air as a source of energy.
  • the figure 1 shows the block diagram of operation of such an air motor (100).
  • This engine works much like a compressed air engine, but instead of using a source of compressed air, it uses a vacuum source.
  • the main element of the engine is a double-acting cylinder (110) closed at both end faces and in which a piston (120) moves, forming two chambers (111, 112) whose volume varies as a function of the displacement of the piston. piston inside the cylinder.
  • a rod (130) is attached to the piston and protrudes through one of the faces of the cylinder.
  • the rod is connected to a mechanism (140) that converts the translation movement of the rod (130) into a rotational movement that can be used to drive an unrepresented alternator.
  • Each chamber is provided with at least one intake valve and at least one exhaust valve, the intake valves and the exhaust valves of the same chamber being confusable (113, 114).
  • a dispensing spool alternates the vacuum intake and the ambient air inlet in the two chambers depending on the position of the piston in the cylinder.
  • the other chamber (111) is in contact with the ambient air.
  • the connections are reversed and the chamber (112) that previously was in contact with the vacuum source is now in contact with the ambient air, while the other chamber (111 ) is connected to the vacuum source.
  • the pressure difference being reversed, the piston moves towards the chamber (111) connected to the vacuum source.
  • This type of motor is known per se, but usually used vacuum sources generally need a heat or electric source.
  • the object of the invention is to create a vacuum source that does not require heat or electrical input.
  • a Venturi tube placed in a pre-existing water stream As a source of vacuum that does not require artificially created energy, such as electricity, a Venturi tube placed in a pre-existing water stream is provided. There are many existing water currents that can be exploited.
  • the advantage of a Venturi tube besides using an energy source already present, but not exploited, lies in the fact that the air sucked to operate the air motor (100) is introduced into the water flow thus promoting its aeration and increasing the rate of oxygen in the water. This oxygen supply is favorable to the aquatic fauna and flora.
  • a Venturi tube (200) consists of a main channel of continuously varying diameter and a secondary channel called a vacuum tap.
  • the main channel comprises placed one behind the other a convergent chamber (210) opening into a restriction (220) which continues with a divergent chamber (230).
  • Taking vacuum (240) is provided at the restriction (220) in the case of a single Venturi.
  • Vacuum taps usually 2 or 3 extra vacuum taps are placed one behind the other along the diverging part of the tube to exploit the entire vacuum zone.
  • the Venturi tube is the heart of the invention. Its design must be done carefully to reach very low pressures which will give it a better suction flow. It must have a very short time of evacuation of the air volume of the cylinder of the machine, which will increase the power of the machine to which it is attached. It must be well secured to withstand the force of the water. As there are no moving parts, the Venturi tube requires very little maintenance. If the water pressure drops below the saturation vapor pressure, cavitation phenomena will occur which may damage the diverging part of the tube. We rely on the massive injection of air to eliminate the cavitation, that's why we must never cut the air intake of the Venturi, we must find a right balance between the diameter of the restriction and the absence of cavitation.
  • the tube must be protected from debris carried by the water.
  • the Venturi tube can be used as an integrated flow meter. It also has the advantage of not getting in the way of the flow of water as is the case with a turbine for example. It is only a particular form of pipe with a narrowing then a widening of the diameter. Pressure losses occur at the outlet of the tube and must be taken into account, because less pressure loss means an improvement in water flow, source of conventional hydraulic energy. The fish should not be allowed to pass through a tube Venturi because of the low pressures that hurt them, as it is already the case for hydraulic dams.
  • the water accelerates substantially in the divergent portion of the Venturi tube when there is suction of air with respect to the speed of the water without suction of the air.
  • the air and the water cross the same section of the tube, the air passes in the form of microbubbles in the water and the volume which it occupies can be regarded as a reduction of the section of the pipe for the flow of water, but a decrease in the section corresponds to an acceleration of the fluid since the flow rate remains constant.
  • the invention provides several locations for positioning the venturi tube.
  • the Venturi tube is placed in a stream or a spillway, for example out of a dam.
  • the Venturi tube is placed in a forced pipe placed between a source located in height and an outlet located in the open air.
  • the device of the invention uses the potential energy of the gravity water, either directly (in a dam pipeline) or is converted into kinetic energy for example in rivers or weirs.
  • the Venturi tube is placed in a stream in the open air and uses essentially the kinetic energy of the water.
  • a first exemplary embodiment is diagrammatically shown in FIG. figure 2 , while a second example of realization is presented in Figures 13 to 15 .
  • Such a spillway placed at the outlet of a dam or reservoir, constitutes a channel with a long, gentle slope in order to reduce the energy of the water before discharging it into a watercourse. .
  • the speed of the water is moderate before entering each tube.
  • the Venturi tubes are preferably arranged one behind the other, spaced apart and parallel to the flow. For reasons of simplification, it is preferable that they share the same air supply line.
  • Another staircase configuration rather than slope, to achieve the same goal is possible, the tubes would be on the horizontal plane. In both cases, the strength of the dam water is reduced.
  • Fig 2 shows a Venturi tube embedded in the channel
  • the inlet of the tube has a ramp inclined at an angle of about 45 ° to facilitate the passage of a portion of the water above the tube.
  • This part of the water covers the tube and slides along a slab that protects the tube to reach the channel downstream.
  • the other part of the water crosses the Venturi, it slows down strongly at the entrance and its static pressure increases. When the water enters the converging part, it accelerates strongly to the strangulation, thus generating a strong depression.
  • Venturi tube The same type of Venturi tube as before can be placed in a stream or in a marine current. These currents exist naturally and can be exploited without pollution.
  • the installation of a Venturi tube in the rapids of the rivers makes it possible to benefit from the kinetic energy of the water.
  • the system appears in its best condition for the respect of landscape and nature, because the Venturi tube will be totally immersed and not visible from the surface. It is firmly attached and parallel to the flow of water at high speed and its oxygen supply at depth will be important. In this embodiment, it is not necessary to provide penstocks or dams. So there is no negative aspect for the marine flora, but on the contrary, we help nature by aerating the water.
  • the conventional Venturi tubes have been replaced by one or more hydrofoil type structures (450).
  • hydrofoil type structures 450
  • hydrofoils When there are several hydrofoils, they are placed at a distance from each other in a battery either horizontally one above the other as on the Figures 13 to 15 , either vertically next to each other.
  • hydrofoils are profiled fenders used not in the air but in the water to allow ship hulls to sift at a certain speed.
  • symmetrical hydrofoils (450) placed without inclination in the water stream have been chosen, for example NACA 0015 type profiles.
  • Each hydrofoil in its curved shape, causes on each of its faces first of all a narrowing of the available section for the flow of water between its leading edge (451) and its maximum thickness (452), then an increase between its maximum thickness (452) and the trailing edge (453).
  • a hydrofoil can be likened to Venturi tube. The restriction effect is clearly visible on the figure 13 , between two successive hydrofoils.
  • each hydrofoil there can be anti-return valves in the connecting tube (457) of each hydrofoil and / or at each opening (454).
  • the connecting tube (457) of each hydrofoil preferably extend over the entire width of the water stream. The distance separating two successive hydrofoils of the same battery must be sufficient and can be determined by tests as a function of the flow rate of the water stream in which it is immersed.
  • hydrofoil batteries one behind the other as long as a minimum distance is maintained to allow the water to regain speed.
  • Hydrofoils are protected against cavitation by injecting air into the water.
  • hydrofoil type structures can be placed not only in open water currents such as streams or weirs, but also in closed conduits such as penstocks.
  • the pipes will preferably have a rectangular section.
  • the venturi tube is placed in a pipe placed between a water reservoir placed at a height and an outlet placed lower than the water level of the reservoir.
  • the pipeline will be located in a dam.
  • the Venturi tube uses essentially the potential energy of the water due to the height difference between the source and the outlet.
  • FIG. figure 3 A first variant embodiment of the invention applied to such a pipe is shown in FIG. figure 3 .
  • the Venturi tube is placed in a pipe (311) of the dam (300).
  • the depression created at the restriction (220) of the venturi tube serves to operate the air motor.
  • This pipe may be created for the exclusive operation of the engine and have no other function, in which case it is not necessary to place it in a dam as shown here, but for example to place it as a simple penstock placed on the mountainside.
  • a second embodiment is to use the restrictions already present in the pipes of the dams, but not used.
  • the pipes, at the turbine level are in themselves restrictions in which it is possible to place vacuum taps.
  • Cavitation occurs when the vacuum reaches the saturation vapor pressure of water, which depends on the temperature of the water. Stretching a liquid with increasing strength means applying negative pressure. The negative pressure thus applied eventually "breaks" the liquid and then a change of liquid phase -> gas resulting in the appearance of bubbles of water vapor.
  • the pressure drops. The water boils if it reaches the saturation vapor pressure.
  • jet turbines are Francis turbines for medium to high waterfalls in which water penetrates radially and discharges axially, and Kaplan turbines for small waterfalls ( 2 to 25 meters high) and very high flows (70 to 800 m 3 / s).
  • Bulb type turbines in which water flows axially, are variants of Kaplan turbines.
  • the buckets with buckets of the Pelton type which are particularly well adapted to the great heights of fall (> 400 m) and the low flows of water ( ⁇ 15 m 3 / s).
  • a reaction turbine is placed at the end of a forced pipe (311, 312, 313) and is extended by a suction pipe (411, 421) which opens lower in a leakage channel.
  • the suction tube must be completely filled with the working fluid passing through it. It is made divergently to minimize the speed at the exit. Therefore, a suction tube is essentially a diffuser and must be designed correctly at an angle of about 8 degrees so as to prevent the separation of the flow from the wall and consequently to reduce the energy loss in the tube.
  • the body of the turbine in the pipe is a restriction and the pressure of the water sometimes drops to saturation vapor pressure from where the appearance of cavitation on the blades of the turbine and out of the turbine. It is in this that the invention equates this construction with a gigantic Venturi tube embryo. If one or more openings in the pipe just below the turbine are used, a strong suction of air is created. Referring to the data provided by the company Mazzei, manufacturer of Venturi tube (http://mazzei.net/venturi_injectors/), it is possible to arrive at a volume of 50% water - 50% air. If we take an average water flow of 700 m 3 / s, we will have an air suction rate of the same order of magnitude.
  • the vacuum tube must be designed to slow down enough the speed of the water which is increased due to the massive injection of air.
  • the new architecture of the dams will have to take into account in its design an effective vacuum tube in the light of the new order.
  • the injection of air must not disturb the normal operation of the turbine.
  • the figure 4 presents a first example of this second variant embodiment. It represents the duct (312) of a dam at a Francis turbine (410).
  • the water is introduced into the turbine radially via a spiral distributor (210) acting as a convergent chamber and then escaping axially in a suction pipe (411) which acts as a divergent chamber ( 230). Downstream of the turbine, there is a drop in pressure which can lead to a cavitation effect.
  • it is intended to place on the periphery of the suction pipe (411), near the outlet of the turbine, one or more openings connected to the vacuum outlet (240).
  • an open / close valve (242) in the air supply line acting as a vacuum plug for the Venturi tube. This valve is used to interrupt the air intake when necessary.
  • a check valve (241) to prevent water from flowing back to the air motor (100).
  • the figure 5 presents a second example of the second variant embodiment.
  • the pipe (313) of the dam is provided with a bulb type turbine (420).
  • Bulb type turbines are developments of Kaplan turbines whose blades are placed in the water current so that there is an axial hydraulic flow without change of direction, unlike Francis turbines.
  • the alternator While in the traditional Kaplan turbine the alternator is placed outside the pipe, the alternator of a bulb type turbine is placed in a profiled envelope immersed in the flow.
  • the conduit (313) in which the bulb-type turbine is located tapers at the end of the envelope directed towards the blades. Beyond the blades, the pipe widens again into a suction line (421).
  • the impeller placed in the pipe and the narrowing at the end of the penstock (313) is a restriction (220) that can be used to form a Venturi tube.
  • the end of the forced pipe (313) constitutes the convergent chamber (410) and the beginning of the suction pipe (421) the divergent chamber (230). According to the invention, it is intended to place on the periphery of this restriction one or more openings connected to a vacuum outlet (240).
  • the bulb turbines have a reversible operation, that is to say that the turbine is driven by the water that it flows in one direction or the other. That is why they are used especially in tidal power plants.
  • the invention can be used in this type of dam.
  • a third embodiment of the second variant, represented on the figure 6 plans to modify the nozzle of a Pelton turbine to create a Venturi tube.
  • a Pelton turbine operates with a large vertical drop, but a low flow.
  • the water is fed to the turbine by a forced pipe (314) from a reservoir placed much higher. It is projected in the radial plane on the buckets of the wheel by one or more nozzles located at the end of the penstock.
  • the force of the water jet is adjustable using a needle of substantially conical shape.
  • the needle is placed at the end of a control rod connected to a jack. The position of the needle in the nozzle is adjusted using the cylinder according to the desired flow rate.
  • a restriction is formed at the needle, which restriction is used in accordance with the invention to place a vacuum outlet.
  • the solution adopted for this embodiment is different from the traditional Venturi tube, since it is not possible to inject the air from the nozzle, since the low pressure (high speed) region is not isolated from the surrounding air.
  • the inlet of the nozzle constitutes the convergent chamber (210), the space located between the front end of the needle and the nozzle (220).
  • the control rod (431) and the needle (430) are hollow and form a channel for taking vacuum.
  • the figure 7 shows a schematic perspective view of the needle (430) of the invention.
  • the needle may consist of a rear portion (432) integral with the control rod (431) and a front portion (433) as shown in FIG. figure 8 .
  • the rear part of the needle and the control rod are hollow.
  • a cylindrical section of the rear part of the needle (432) is threaded (male), while a cylindrical section of the front part (433) is threaded (female) in order to secure the two parts, a seal (434) can be interposed between them.
  • the front portion (433) of the needle is pierced with numerous conduits (435) parallel to each other which open at the outlet of the nozzle. The air is injected into the water through these ducts.
  • the front part is conical. This design allows water to flow along this conical shape as shown in figure 9 .
  • FIG. 11 shows a back view of the front portion (433) of the needle. It is preferable to provide one-way valves (436) to prevent backflow of water in the vacuum outlet when the needle or end of some ducts are in the high pressure areas.
  • These unidirectional valves (436) can be placed in each of the ducts (435) of the front part of the needle.
  • the figure 10 shows a section through such a unidirectional valve.
  • a retaining plate (437) is placed upstream of the front portion (433) of the needle to hold the unidirectional valves (436) in place. This plate is preferably screwed on the front part (433). It is also possible to place a safety check valve (241) in the conduit of the control rod, for example at the entrance of this conduit, as shown in the Figures 2 to 6 or the figure 8 .
  • figure 12 schematically shows the connection of an air motor (100) to a vacuum outlet (240) from a Venturi tube according to the invention placed in a pipe of a dam (300) and to a crank-rod system (140) transforming the reciprocating motion of the piston into a circular motion to drive an alternator (not shown).
  • a filter 500
  • This filter removes the air sucked before injecting into the water after passing through the engine.
  • the engine itself becomes a suction pump through the displacement of the piston during the intake phase, the air admitted will be absorbed by the Venturi effect at the next suction.
  • the air intake is also important.
  • VOCs volatile organic compounds
  • the invention has many advantages. By operating an air motor driving an alternator, it helps to increase the efficiency of a dam. It can be installed during the construction of the dam, or be easily installed in an existing dam.
  • the Venturi effect as described can operate a steam engine as well as a complicated rotary engine with compressed air or steam, the Tesla turbine being a good candidate for this system.
  • the piston engine is a classic approach, but it can give an idea of the power that can be derived from such a system.
  • the atmospheric pressure provides the necessary force to operate the engine, it is important to have an idea about this force.
  • the atmospheric pressure measured at sea level is 1.01325 ⁇ 105 Pa.
  • the atmospheric pressure being substantially constant, if we want to increase its force, it is necessary to increase the surface of the piston, because it is the only variable parameter in our equation.
  • the stroke of the piston and its surface determine the volume of air to be extracted. Suppose the dam depression reached 10,000 Pa with a suction flow of 200 m3 / s.
  • the Venturi tube has no moving parts, it is very robust and does not require a large maintenance. The engine room can be placed away from the tube.
  • the invention is ecological because it uses an existing energy that is otherwise lost, it is the invisible part of the hydraulic energy, the atmospheric pressure which we forgot the importance and the Venturi effect which in the end, is not an intuitive notion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
EP17172604.5A 2016-05-24 2017-05-23 Vorrichtung zum betätigen eines luftmotors Withdrawn EP3249155A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1654603A FR3051855B1 (fr) 2016-05-24 2016-05-24 Dispositif pour faire fonctionner un moteur

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EP3249155A1 true EP3249155A1 (de) 2017-11-29

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113202694A (zh) * 2021-05-18 2021-08-03 李慧 一种带有减速装置的海上风力发电机
WO2021248174A1 (en) * 2020-06-13 2021-12-16 Zhang Shouling Minus pressure source engine
EP4219895A1 (de) 2022-02-01 2023-08-02 Energie-Innovation AG Unterdruckmotor

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EP0526470A1 (de) * 1990-04-27 1993-02-10 Hydro Energy Ass Ltd Hydroelektrische energieumwandlungsanlage.
GB2291476A (en) * 1994-06-23 1996-01-24 Pontrue Project Services Limit Inducing air flow into water
DE19927608A1 (de) * 1999-06-17 2000-12-21 Ljubomir Cunovic Verfahren zur Sauerstoffanreicherung von Fließgewässern und Gewässern mit Tiden (Gezeiten)
ES2162751A1 (es) * 1999-12-23 2002-01-01 Berna I Xirgo Titular Al 25 Jo Sistema ecologico productor de energia electrica.
DE202010015561U1 (de) * 2010-11-16 2011-01-20 Opp, Willi Anlage zur Energiegewinnung durch atmosphärische Druckkrafteinwirkung
WO2015148837A1 (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-10-01 Aqua Access, Llc Flow powered water disinfection

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US4056334A (en) * 1975-05-12 1977-11-01 Fortune William S Vacuum system
GB2023746B (en) * 1978-02-07 1983-02-02 Dickson W Vacuum-operated motor for driving electrical generator
ITMO20110237A1 (it) * 2011-09-19 2013-03-20 Enzo Landi Dispositivo economizzatore per attuatore pneumatico lineare e metodo per comandare detto attuatore pneumatico lineare

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2365905A (en) * 1942-03-11 1944-12-26 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Hydraulic turbine gate balancer
US4392062A (en) * 1980-12-18 1983-07-05 Bervig Dale R Fluid dynamic energy producing device
EP0526470A1 (de) * 1990-04-27 1993-02-10 Hydro Energy Ass Ltd Hydroelektrische energieumwandlungsanlage.
GB2291476A (en) * 1994-06-23 1996-01-24 Pontrue Project Services Limit Inducing air flow into water
DE19927608A1 (de) * 1999-06-17 2000-12-21 Ljubomir Cunovic Verfahren zur Sauerstoffanreicherung von Fließgewässern und Gewässern mit Tiden (Gezeiten)
ES2162751A1 (es) * 1999-12-23 2002-01-01 Berna I Xirgo Titular Al 25 Jo Sistema ecologico productor de energia electrica.
DE202010015561U1 (de) * 2010-11-16 2011-01-20 Opp, Willi Anlage zur Energiegewinnung durch atmosphärische Druckkrafteinwirkung
WO2015148837A1 (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-10-01 Aqua Access, Llc Flow powered water disinfection

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021248174A1 (en) * 2020-06-13 2021-12-16 Zhang Shouling Minus pressure source engine
CN113202694A (zh) * 2021-05-18 2021-08-03 李慧 一种带有减速装置的海上风力发电机
CN113202694B (zh) * 2021-05-18 2022-05-06 李慧 一种带有减速装置的海上风力发电机
EP4219895A1 (de) 2022-02-01 2023-08-02 Energie-Innovation AG Unterdruckmotor
WO2023148126A1 (de) 2022-02-01 2023-08-10 Energie-Innovation AG Unterdruckmotor

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FR3051855B1 (fr) 2020-01-24
FR3051855A1 (fr) 2017-12-01

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