EP3248025A1 - Optical phased array focus control for active illuminated swir range selection - Google Patents
Optical phased array focus control for active illuminated swir range selectionInfo
- Publication number
- EP3248025A1 EP3248025A1 EP15816555.5A EP15816555A EP3248025A1 EP 3248025 A1 EP3248025 A1 EP 3248025A1 EP 15816555 A EP15816555 A EP 15816555A EP 3248025 A1 EP3248025 A1 EP 3248025A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- optical
- target
- phased array
- optical transmitter
- infrared beam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4811—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements common to transmitter and receiver
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
- F41G3/14—Indirect aiming means
- F41G3/145—Indirect aiming means using a target illuminator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G7/00—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles
- F41G7/20—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles based on continuous observation of target position
- F41G7/22—Homing guidance systems
- F41G7/226—Semi-active homing systems, i.e. comprising a receiver and involving auxiliary illuminating means, e.g. using auxiliary guiding missiles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G7/00—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles
- F41G7/20—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles based on continuous observation of target position
- F41G7/22—Homing guidance systems
- F41G7/2273—Homing guidance systems characterised by the type of waves
- F41G7/2293—Homing guidance systems characterised by the type of waves using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4814—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of transmitters alone
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0087—Phased arrays
Definitions
- a range finding optical system typically determines distance to a target by emitting a laser pulse and collecting energy reflected from that target. For example, a range finding system can determine the time difference between emission of the laser pulse and collection of the reflected energy, and translate that time difference into a distance (range) to the target. Such systems can use the Doppler Effect to judge whether the target is moving away from or towards the range finding system.
- target designation the system illuminates a target for a non-collocated receiver (e.g., another system some distance away).
- Target designation and range finding systems typically require a narrow laser field of view to maximize range.
- the field of view can be affected by the closest operational range requirement and the pointing accuracy of the optical system.
- active illumination systems typically require a wide field of view.
- Active illumination systems use reflected short wave infrared (hereinafter "SWIR") light to image a scene.
- SWIR reflected short wave infrared
- active illumination systems Instead of illuminating the target with light that is detectable by the human eye, active illumination systems emit an SWIR laser pulse, and collect energy reflected from the target and the surrounding environment. The reflected energy is used to construct a visual representation of the target and the surrounding area.
- SWIR short wave infrared
- aspects and embodiments are directed to optical systems and methods for supporting range finding, target designation, and active illumination capabilities.
- aspects and embodiments are directed to a controllable optical phased array having continuous adjustable focus and defocus capabilities.
- an electro-optical sighting system is provided.
- the system includes a first optical transmitter configured to emit an infrared beam along an optical path toward a target, a beam director positioned in the optical path and having a plurality of optical elements configured to direct the infrared beam and to collect reflected infrared radiation from reflection of the beam from the target, a focal plane array detector configured to receive collected reflected infrared radiation from the beam director, an optical phased array positioned in the optical path between the first optical transmitter and the beam director, and a controller operatively coupled to the optical phased array and configured to direct the optical phased array to defocus the infrared beam to broaden a field of view of the first optical transmitter for active illumination, and focus the infrared beam to narrow the field of view of the first optical transmitter for range determination and/or target designation.
- the system further includes a beam splitter configured to direct the reflected infrared radiation collected by the beam director onto the focal plane array detector.
- the controller is coupled to the focal plane array detector and further configured to generate images of a scene including the target from the reflected infrared radiation directed onto the focal plane array detector.
- the controller is further configured to direct the optical phased array to defocus the infrared beam to broaden the field of view of the first optical transmitter, and focus the infrared beam to narrow the field of view in response to analysis of the generated images of a scene including the target.
- the controller is further configured to direct the optical phased array to defocus the infrared beam to broaden the field of view of the first optical transmitter, and focus the infrared beam to narrow the field of view in response to receiving external input from one or more external sources.
- first optical transmitter includes a short wave infrared active illumination laser.
- the focal plane array detector is configured to sense light in a wavelength range of 1.0 ⁇ to 2.0 ⁇ .
- the system further includes a second optical transmitter configured to emit a second infrared beam along the optical path.
- the second optical transmitter includes a target designation laser.
- the second optical transmitter includes a range finding laser.
- the controller further comprises a user interface configured to receive a user focus command to defocus the infrared beam to broaden the field of view of the first optical transmitter, and to focus the infrared illumination beam to narrow the field of view of the first optical transmitter.
- a method of operating an electro-optical sighting system can include the acts of emitting an infrared beam from a first optical transmitter along an optical path through an optical phased array toward a target, focusing the infrared beam onto the target with the optical phased array to define a first field of view of the first optical transmitter, receiving reflected infrared radiation from reflection of the beam from the target at a focal plane array, and responsive to receiving reflected infrared radiation, re- focusing the infrared beam with the optical phased array onto the target to define a second field of view of the first optical transmitter.
- the method can further include the act of receiving external input from one or more external sources. In a further embodiment, the method can further include the act of re-focusing the infrared beam with the optical phased array onto the target to define a second field of view of the first optical transmitter responsive to receiving external input.
- the first optical transmitter includes an active illumination laser, and re-focusing the infrared beam with the optical phased array onto the target further includes broadening the first field of view to increase active illumination of the target by the infrared beam.
- first optical transmitter includes a target designation laser, and re-focusing the infrared beam with the optical phased array onto the target further includes ascertaining an infrared beam target indicator size and maintaining the infrared beam target indicator size.
- the first optical transmitter includes a range finding laser, and re-focusing the infrared beam with the optical phased array onto the target further includes narrowing the first field of view to maximize emission distance of the infrared beam.
- the method can further include the act of emitting a second infrared beam from a second optical transmitter along the optical path through the optical phased array toward the target.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatical cross-sectional view of one example of an optical system according to aspects of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram showing an example of a method for operating the optical system according to aspects of the present invention.
- field of view refers to the beam-width or illumination area of a transmitted beam.
- a tactical laser having a narrow field of view to designate a target may not provide sufficient illumination to effectively illuminate the target and surrounding area for active illumination operations.
- fixed narrow field of view systems suffer from beam divergence when the distance to the target is dramatically increased.
- a target indicator may remain relatively unnoticeable at a distance of 200 m; however, at a distance of 12,000 m, as a result of beam divergence, the indicator increases in size dramatically, disrupting the accuracy and secrecy of the indicator.
- aspects and embodiments are directed to optical systems and methods for supporting range finding, target designation, and/or active illumination operations.
- aspects and embodiments are directed to a controllable optical phased array having continuous adjustable focus and defocus abilities to switch between optical system operations or maintain a target indicator size, as discussed further below.
- references to "or” may be construed as inclusive so that any terms described using “or” may indicate any of a single, more than one, and all of the described terms. Any references to front and back, left and right, top and bottom, upper and lower, and vertical and horizontal are intended for convenience of description, not to limit the present systems and methods or their components to any one positional or spatial orientation.
- the electro-optical sighting system includes an optical transmitter 102 configured to emit a laser beam (e.g., infrared beam 120) along an optical path toward a target 118, and a detector 106 configured to receive reflected infrared radiation 120a comprised of reflections of the emitted infrared beam 120 from the target 118 and optionally the area surrounding the target.
- a laser beam e.g., infrared beam 120
- detector 106 configured to receive reflected infrared radiation 120a comprised of reflections of the emitted infrared beam 120 from the target 118 and optionally the area surrounding the target.
- the optical transmitter 102 may include any one or more of an SWIR active illumination laser, a target designation laser, and a range-finding laser, as discussed further below.
- the detector 106 is a two-dimensional focal plane array imaging detector; however, other types of detectors or multiple detectors may be used.
- the focal plane array detector 106 may be a large format focal plane array, for example, a 1,280 by 1,024 pixel array having 40 ⁇ pixels.
- the detector 106 may include a small 512 by 512 array, or other sized array.
- the focal plane array detector 106 is sensitive to light in the infrared wavelength range, and may be selected to be sensitive to infrared light in a range encompassing the emission wavelength(s) of the optical transmitter 102, for example, including the wavelength range from about 1 ⁇ to 2.0 ⁇ . Although a small and a large array are offered by way of example, in various embodiments the focal plane array detector 106 can include other detectors as is understood in the art.
- the optical system 100 further includes a beam director 104 positioned in the optical path and configured to direct the infrared beam 120 toward the target 118, and to collect and direct the reflected infrared radiation 120a from the target 118 toward the detector 106.
- the beam director 104 may include one or more lenses and/or mirrors.
- the beam director 104 includes a focal telescope, and optionally, a beam-steering assembly that maintains pointing of the infrared beam 120 towards the target 118.
- the optical system 100 may include collimating and/or fixed focusing optics 114 and 116.
- the optics 114 may include one or more mirrors or lenses configured to correct, focus, and/or collimate the infrared beam 120 and the reflected infrared radiation 120a.
- the optics 116 may include one or more lenses and/or mirrors configured to focus the reflected infrared radiation 120a onto the detector 106, and optionally to provide correction for optical errors, such as coma, astigmatism, chromatic aberrations, etc.
- a beam splitter 112 may be positioned in the optical path and configured to separate the reflected infrared radiation 120a from the infrared beam 120, and more specifically, to transmit the infrared beam 120 toward the beam director 104 and to direct the reflected infrared radiation 120a toward the detector 106.
- the optical system 100 further includes an optical phased array (OPA) 108 positioned in the optical path between the optical transmitter 102 and the beam director 104, and a controller 110 operatively coupled to the optical phased array 108 and, optionally, the detector 106.
- OPA optical phased array
- the optical phased array 108 is configured to focus or defocus the infrared beam 120 passing through the optical phased array 108, thereby changing the beamwidth or "field of view” (FOV) of the optical transmitter 102.
- the optical phased array 108 may be controlled by a controller 110, which may optionally receive focus/defocus commands from a user (represented at block 124), as discussed further below. For example, as shown in FIG.
- the optical phased array 108 may be controlled to defocus the infrared beam 120 so as to broaden the FOV of the optical transmitter 102, as indicated by dashed lines 122.
- the broadened infrared beam 122 may be directed to the target 118 via the beam director 104, and reflections 122a of the broadened infrared beam 122 may be received at the detector 106.
- the same optical transmitter 102, detector 106, and optical train represented by beam director 104, optics 114, and optics 116) may be used to achieve both narrow FOV and wide FOV imaging on demand, which may be highly desirable and useful in certain applications, as discussed above.
- the optical transmitter 102 includes a SWIR active illumination laser.
- the SWIR active illumination laser emits one or more pulses of light having a wavelength in the range of 1 ⁇ - 2 ⁇ .
- the SWIR active illumination laser of one embodiment can include a 1.5 ⁇ solid state Erbium Yb-glass or a 1.5 ⁇ Raman shifted Yb-YAG planar waveguide device, depending on the desired pulse format.
- the SWIR active illumination laser can include a controller capable of coordinating operations associated with the SWIR active illumination laser.
- the optical transmitter 102 includes a target designation laser.
- the target designation laser is configured to direct a beam or series of pulses at the intended target 118.
- an operator of the target designation laser directs the beam to a general region where the target 118 is located.
- the target designation laser further includes a tracking system configured to search the designated area and receive information regarding the designated area and objects in the designated area. For example, this information can include a profile of the area and objects. Based on the information, the target designation laser can "mark" an object in the area as the target 118.
- the beam or series of pulses emitted by the target designation laser is reflected from the target 118 and detected by a seeker.
- the target designation laser is used to indicate to an outside source the location of the target 118 based on the location of the target designation laser infrared beam target indicator.
- the target designation laser of one embodiment can include a 1.06 Nd-YAG diode pumped solid state laser.
- the target designation laser can further include a controller capable of coordinating operations associated with the target designation laser.
- the optical transmitter 102 includes a range finding laser.
- the range finding laser is configured to determine the distance to the target 118 by emitting at least one laser pulse toward the target 118.
- distance to the target 118 can be calculated based on the time of flight principle, which estimates the distance to the target 118 based on the time it takes the emitted laser pulse to return to the optical system.
- the optical system 100 determines a coordinate that corresponds to the location associated with energy reflected from the target 118.
- the laser of one embodiment can include a 1.06 Nd-YAG diode pumped solid state laser.
- the range finding laser can include a Laser Detection and Ranging ("LADAR”) system.
- LADAR Laser Detection and Ranging
- a LADAR system permits a user to image the target while determining distance.
- the range finding laser can include a controller capable of coordinating operations associated with the laser.
- the optical transmitter 102 can include a laser configured to provide multi-mission support.
- the optical transmitter can include a laser configured to provide target designation, range finding, and active illumination operations.
- the multi-mission optical transmitter is configured to generate different waveforms required for the different operations.
- the optical system 100 includes an optical phased array 108 positioned in the optical path between the optical transmitter 102 and the beam director 104.
- the optical phased array 108 may include at least one liquid crystal optical phased array, and may include a plurality of stacked optical phased arrays.
- Each optical phased array comprises a metallic compound responsive to application of an electrical signal (e.g., a current or voltage).
- Application of the electrical signal to the optical phased array readjusts the physical positioning of the liquid crystals in the optical phased array, thereby changing the refractive qualities of the optical phased array 108. Therefore, controlled application of electrical signals to a stacked formation of optical phased arrays can focus or defocus the infrared beam 120 passing through the optical phased array 108.
- the optical system 100 further includes a controller 110 operatively coupled to the optical phased array 108 and optionally coupled to the focal plane array detector 106, and configured to control the optical phased array 108 to focus and/or defocus the infrared beam 120.
- the controller 110 may be any type of processor, multiprocessor, or controller.
- the controller 110 may be connected to other system components, including the optical phased array 108 and the focal plane array detector 106 by an interconnection element.
- the interconnection element enables communications, including instructions and data, to be exchanged between system components such as the optical phased array 108 and the focal plane array detector 106.
- the controller 110 may be further connected to a memory and a data storage element.
- the memory stores a sequence of instructions coded to be executable by the controller 110 to control the optical phased array 108.
- the memory may be a relatively high performance, volatile, random access memory such as a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) or a static memory (SRAM).
- DRAM dynamic random access memory
- SRAM static memory
- the memory may include any device for storing data, such as a disk drive or other nonvolatile storage device.
- the controller 110 is configured to apply an electrical signal (e.g., a current or voltage) to the optical phased array 108 to defocus the infrared beam 120 to broaden the field of view of the optical transmitter 102 (as indicated by dashed lines 122) for active illumination applications.
- the controller 110 is configured to apply an electrical signal to the optical phased array 108 to focus the infrared beam 120 to narrow a field of view of the optical transmitter 102 for range determination and target designation applications.
- the controller 110 is configured to apply varying electrical signals in order to maintain a specified infrared beam 120 target indicator size even as the distance to the target 118 changes.
- a processor controlled optical phased array permits a tactical laser (e.g., range finding laser, target designation laser, active illumination laser) to provide multi-mission support.
- the optical phased array 108 provides for continual dynamic adjustment without the necessity of mechanically interchangeable optical elements.
- the controller 110 can also include one or more interface devices (not shown) such as input devices, output devices, or combination input/output devices. Interface devices may receive input or provide output.
- the controller 110 includes a user interface for adjusting the characteristics of the optical phased array 108 in response to a user focus command 124.
- the user focus command 124 can include any focal instruction directed by the user of the optical system 100.
- a user of the optical system 100 may elect an active illumination function and instruct the controller 110 to apply an electrical signal to the optical phased array 108 to defocus the infrared beam 120 to broaden the field of view.
- the user may select a target designation function to instruct the controller 110 to apply an electrical signal to the optical phased array 108 to narrow the field of view for range finding or target designation techniques.
- the controller 110 can be further configured to direct the optical phased array 108 to defocus the infrared beam 120 to broaden the field of view, and/or focus the infrared beam 120 to narrow the field of view in response to receiving external input 126 from one or more external sources.
- the controller 110 can be configured to receive information such as altitude, location, and directional information from one or more sensors. For example, using Digital Terrain Elevation Data (“DTED”) information, such as target position and system position, target range can be estimated without use a range finding laser.
- DTED Digital Terrain Elevation Data
- the controller 110 can be further configured to generate images of a scene, including the target 118, from the reflected infrared radiation (120a and 122a) received by the focal plane array detector 106.
- the optical phased array 108, the focal plane array detector 106, and the controller 110 can function as a feedback loop.
- the controller 110 can: generate an image of the scene illuminated by processing the reflected infrared radiation (120a and 122a) received by the focal plane array detector 106, determine whether the field of view should be increased and decreased based on the generated image, and send a corresponding electrical signal to the optical phased array 108 to implement a focal change to increase or decrease the field of view. This technique may also be particularly useful during range finding operations.
- the controller 110 can be configured to determine whether the optical phased array 108 should focus or defocus the beam to maintain the desired size of the infrared beam target indicator on the target 118, and automatically control the optical phased array 108 to maintain the desired size.
- the electro-optical sighting system as discussed herein can further include a second optical transmitter (not shown in FIG. 1) configured to emit an infrared beam along the optical path.
- the second optical transmitter can include a target designation laser, a range finding laser, an active illumination laser, or any other laser as discussed herein.
- the second optical transmitter is of a different variety than the first optical transmitter 102.
- the optical phased array 108 enables the optical sighting system 100 to support two separate and different optical transmitters.
- the optical system 100 may include a target designation laser and an active illumination laser. As previously discussed, these lasers require different fields of view as a result of the manner in which they operate.
- the optical phased array 108 offers quick and continuous interchangeability of the laser's respective infrared beams without the deficiencies of mechanical interchangeable lenses.
- the controller 110 can automatically control the optical phased array 108 in response to selection or activation of one of the two optical transmitters or received external input.
- the controller 110 can wait for instructions from the user of the optical system 100 before controlling the optical phased array 108.
- the method 200 can include:
- the first optical transmitter such as optical transmitter 102 as described herein with reference to FIG. 1, can include a SWIR active illumination laser, a target designation laser, or a range finding laser.
- the method can further include emitting an infrared beam from a second optical transmitter along the optical path through the optical phased array toward a target.
- the second optical transmitter is of a variety different from the first optical transmitter.
- the second optical transmitter can include a target designation laser, a range finding laser, an active illumination laser (e.g., SWIR active illumination laser), or any other laser as discussed herein.
- the system can include a single optical transmitter configured to generate different waveforms required for different operations and accordingly provide multi-mission support.
- the optical phased array includes at least one liquid crystal optical phased array and may include a plurality of stacked optical phased arrays. Each optical phased array comprises a metallic compound responsive to application of an electrical current.
- an electrical signal e.g., current or voltage
- Application of an electrical signal to one of the optical phased arrays readjusts the physical positioning of the liquid crystals in the optical phased array changing the refractive qualities of the optical phased array. Therefore, controlled application of an electrical signal to a stacked formation of optical phased arrays can focus or defocus the infrared beam passing through the optical phased array.
- the method 200 can further include controllably applying an electrical signal (e.g., current or voltage) to the optical phased array.
- receiving reflected infrared radiation comprised of reflections of the infrared beam from the target at a focal plane array further includes analyzing the collected reflected infrared radiation (shown optionally as ghost box P208).
- analyzing the reflected infrared radiation can include generating images of a scene including the target from the reflected infrared radiation directed onto the focal plane array.
- the controller may generate images of the scene and objects the infrared beam is reflected from and review those images to determine whether the field of view should be increased or decreased.
- the controller can be configured to determine whether the optical phased array should focus or defocus the beam to maintain the desired size of an infrared beam target indicator.
- the method can include receiving external input from one or more external sources (shown optionally as ghost box P212 in FIG. 2).
- the controller can be configured to receive information such as altitude, location, and directional information from one or more sensors. Based on the information received, the controller can be configured to determine whether the optical phased array should focus or defocus the beam. For example, using Digital Terrain Elevation Data ("DTED") information, such as target position and system position, target range can be estimated without use of the range finding laser.
- DTED Digital Terrain Elevation Data
- the method 200 may include receiving external input and may not include analyzing the reflected infrared radiation. Accordingly, the external input, by itself, may be used to determine the second field of view.
- the processor is configured to analyze the external input to determine the second field of view.
- both received reflected infrared radiation and external input may be used in concert (shown optionally as ghost boxes P208 and P212) to determine whether to focus or defocus the optical phased array.
- the controller may be configured to receive the infrared radiation and external input from each source, analyze the infrared radiation and the external input, and accordingly determine whether the optical phased array should be focused, defocused, or maintained at the current focal condition.
- the method includes applying an electrical signal (e.g., current or voltage), via the controller, to the optical phased array to defocus the infrared beam to broaden the first field of view of the optical transmitter for active illumination techniques to define the second field of view.
- the method can include applying an electrical signal to the optical phased array, via the controller, to focus the infrared beam to narrow the first field of view of the optical transmitter for range determination and target designation techniques to define the second field of view.
- the second field of view can be narrow to maximize the emission distance of the infrared beam.
- the method can include, applying varying electrical signals, via the controller, in order to maintain an infrared beam target indicator size.
- refocusing the infrared beam may optionally be performed responsive to receiving reflected infrared radiation, receiving external input, and/or receiving a focus command received from a user.
- the user may elect an active illumination function to instruct the controller to apply an electrical signal to the optical phased array to defocus the infrared beam to broaden the first field of view to define the second field of view.
- the user may select a target designation function to apply an electrical signal to the optical phased array to narrow the first field of view to define the second field of view for target designation techniques.
- a feedback, external input, or user controlled optical phased array enables a tactical laser (e.g., range finding laser, target designation laser, active illumination laser) to provide multi-mission support.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/603,877 US11408979B2 (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2015-01-23 | Optical phased array focus control for active illuminated SWIR range selection |
PCT/US2015/061823 WO2016118231A1 (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2015-11-20 | Optical phased array focus control for active illuminated swir range selection |
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CN111413685A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-14 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | Servo-free active three-dimensional detection seeker |
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US10564262B2 (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2020-02-18 | Ams Sensors Singapore Pte. Ltd. | Optical ranging system having multi-mode light emitter |
US10948572B2 (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2021-03-16 | Ouster, Inc. | Optical system for collecting distance information within a field |
DE102016216711A1 (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2018-03-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | A method for driving an optical phase array, method for detecting an object by means of an optical phase array and optical system |
DE102016220468A1 (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2018-04-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Lidar sensor for detecting an object |
CA3057460A1 (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2018-09-27 | Velodyne Lidar, Inc. | Lidar based 3-d imaging with structured light and integrated illumination and detection |
DE102017206796A1 (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-10-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Light emitting device and method for emitting light |
KR102434702B1 (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2022-08-22 | 삼성전자주식회사 | LiDAR system and method of driving the same |
CN108363051B (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2021-09-21 | 北京航空航天大学 | Self-adaptive calibration system for optical phased array light beam scanning |
CN108897003B (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2021-05-04 | 北京理工大学 | Dual-mode control phased array laser radar system and method |
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DE69221806T2 (en) | 1991-10-10 | 1998-03-26 | Coherent Inc | Device for emitting a defocused laser beam with a sharp-edged cross section |
US5400161A (en) | 1993-10-04 | 1995-03-21 | Raytheon Company | Optical system including focus-defocus focal plane array compensation technique using liquid crystal phased array |
US7719664B1 (en) | 2006-04-12 | 2010-05-18 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Imaging semi-active laser system |
US8786759B2 (en) | 2007-08-28 | 2014-07-22 | Motorola Mobility Llc | Method and apparatus for auto-focus using liquid crystal adaptive optics |
US9041915B2 (en) | 2008-05-09 | 2015-05-26 | Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. | Systems and methods of scene and action capture using imaging system incorporating 3D LIDAR |
US8348168B2 (en) | 2010-05-17 | 2013-01-08 | Symbol Technologies, Inc. | Focus adjustment with liquid crystal device in imaging scanner |
US10012474B2 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2018-07-03 | Wilcox Industries Corp. | Combined laser range finder and sighting apparatus having dual function laser and method |
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CN111413685A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-14 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | Servo-free active three-dimensional detection seeker |
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US20160216370A1 (en) | 2016-07-28 |
WO2016118231A1 (en) | 2016-07-28 |
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