Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
  • A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
  • A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
  • A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
  • A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
  • A01C23/02—Special arrangements for delivering the liquid directly into the soil
  • A01C23/027—Other methods for delivering fertiliser into the soil
  • A01C23/028—Contactless injection into the soil
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
  • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
  • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests in coated particulate form
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
  • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
  • Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming

Definitions

• This application generally relates to the field of turf maintenance, ornamental horticulture, nursery growers, agriculture and more specifically, to the application of liquid polymer additives with precision and thorough distribution to a targeted area in soil without disruption or disturbance to the ground surface.
• Turf and soil maintenance for those involved in the golfing industry ornamental horticulture, nursery growers, agriculture and turf grass management, plays a critical role in the success of a business.
• the greens and fairways provide the surface where golfers spend the majority of their time. Proper treatment and maintenance of that surface creates a higher quality product, and provides for a more aesthetically appealing landscape, which creates a highly attractive and desirable course for play.
• the introduction of various materials, such as soil amendments, fertilizers, insecticides, and aeration improves the properties of the soil and the growth it supports.
• a cross-linked, water absorbent polymer is mixed with desirable additives and coated to prevent water absorption to create a blend that is added to water injection systems for turf and soil maintenance.
• the coating is rinsed off the water absorbent polymer resulting in expansion of the polymer into a gel-like substance.
• the water absorbent polymer has the ability to retain water and nutrients in the soil preventing nutrient runoff and reducing watering frequency. Injection of the water absorbent polymer directly into soil reduces waste and reduces hazard caused by slippery material left on soil surfaces.
• the method and system for mixing and injection into soil is disclosed.
• a peristaltic pump injection system used in turf maintenance equipment for placing additives, such as liquid materials, into the soil at a precision depth is disclosed.
• Fluid jets for example using water or air blasts, carry the materials through the peristaltic pump injection system and into the soil and leave no eruption on the surface to interfere with any immediately following activities or other treatments. This is particularly beneficial where the materials are being added to lawns, putting greens and fairways on golf courses, sports fields and the like.
• the additives delivered in a blast can be used to effectively drill a hole in the soil.
• the hole may have a diameter in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 inches.
• the created hole may be filled with a soil additive or amendment. Once the hole has been filled, the surface of the soil is left smooth, with minimal soil disruption and displacement.
• the additives are injected into the injection manifold through an upstream valve and high pressure water is injected through a poppet valve assembly, downstream of the valve where the additive materials are injected.
• the additives include a blended water absorbent polymer coated with an agent to retard absorption of water.
• the water absorbent polymer is cross-linked potassium polyacrylate.
• the dry size of the water absorbent polymer is approximately 200-800 microns.
• the agent to retard absorption of water is rinsed off the water absorbent polymer after contact with water in soil.
• the polymer blend comprises fertilizers.
• the polymer blend comprises salts
• the fluid/additives are injected between high pressure blasts into the injection manifold and are mixed in the injection manifold with the high pressure water.
• the fluid/additives may be injected into the dosing material. This results in injected materials that are not damaged by high pressure and allows for complete defusing of the additives into the soil. This mixture is urged through tubes of the peristaltic pump assemblies, at a precision amount, to nozzles and manifolds of the device.
• the device fires its nozzles as a function of the distance traveled by the device along its path of travel, e.g. as ground speed sensed over a period of time.
• a ground speed sensor generates a signal that is calculated as a ground speed by the central controller and used to calculate the distance traveled, or the instantaneous speed.
• the central controller can adjust the injector rates for the peristaltic pumps, on the go, and for systems using multiple peristaltic pumps, the pumps can be adjusted both individually and together.
• the next blast from the nozzles may not occur, regardless of whether the device travels quickly or slowly over such distance.
• the spacing between holes may be adjusted by the operator, once a selection is made, that spacing from the beginning of the hole to the beginning of the next hole, remains substantially fixed.
• the device may provide deep penetration of additives into the soil, as great as 10 inches in depth and be used to punch through sod.
• the device may also punch through fiber or stabilized sports turf to allow better root proliferation below a mesh; aerate, amend, and top-dress in one pass, and allow for play on a smooth surface in approximately one hour.
• FIG. 1A is a schematic view of a system for injecting an additive into the soil in accordance with a disclosed embodiment.
• FIG. IB is a diagrammatic view of the reservoir of FIG. 1A including an additive with a polymer.
• FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a rotating carriage with an encoder disc in accordance with a disclosed embodiment.
• FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the system of FIG. 1A on a movable platform in accordance with a disclosed embodiment.
• FIG. 4 is a flow diagram if a method in accordance with a disclosed embodiment.
• the present invention may be modified for a variety of applications while remaining within the spirit and scope of the claimed invention, since the range of the potential applications is great, and because it is intended that the present invention be adaptable to many such variations.
• the system could be used for application if stabilizers to a ground cover other than soil, for example asphalt or macadam.
• soil injection systems such as those detailed in
• FIG. 1A schematically shows an example of a system 100 for injecting a polymer into the soil including a peristaltic pump assembly 102.
• the peristaltic pump assembly 102 is configured for placing material on or beneath the surface S of a soil system or soil.
• the device dehvers wet material at least to the surface S of the soil and preferably into the soil subsurface to a desired depth D.
• the peristaltic pump assembly 102 is generally known to include a plurahty of rollers 103 supported rotation on a rotating carriage assembly 104. As the carriage 104 rotates as indicated by arrow 105 under the influence of a variable voltage motor 208 (FIGs. 1 and 2), rollers 103 successively compress a resihent tube 106 to urge a material within the tube 106 in the direction of rotation (i.e., corresponding with arrow 105).
• An axial face of the rotating carriage assembly 104 may include an encoder disc 202.
• the encoder disc 202 has features 204, for example holes 204, formed around a perimeter of the disc 202 as illustrated in FIG. 2.
• a sensor 206 (FIG. 1A) is positioned to read, or sense, data from the encoder disc 202, for example the number of features 204 passing in a given period of time, and provide that data to a computer control system or controller 108.
• a first end 106a of the resilient tube 106 is fluidly coupled to an additive reservoir 110 containing an additive 111.
• the first end 106a resilient tube 106 may be directly coupled to the reservoir 110 or may have one or more intermediate fluid conduits forming inlet line 124.
• the additive reservoir 110 contains a liquid additive 111 that may comprise one or more miscible or immiscible liquids or one or more solids suspended in one or more liquids, as in a slurry, or other fluid compositions, such as a gel, suitable for pumping via a peristaltic pump.
• FIG. IB is a diagrammatic view of the reservoir 110 of FIG. 1A including an additive 111 with a polymer 150.
• Additive 111 may include a polymer 150.
• Polymer 150 may include cross-linked polymers 150a, 150b, 150c,
• Polymer 150d, 150e and food grade emulsifiers, stabilizers, preservatives, and growth enhancers may be formulated into a liquid flowable form with a blend of agents 160 to short-term retard the expansion of polymer 150.
• a cross-link is a bond that links one polymer chain to another. The polymer chain may be linked via covalent bonds or ionic bonds.
• Polymer 150 may be a synthetic polymer or natural polymer, such as a protein, for example. Generally, cross-linking promotes a difference in the polymers' physical properties.
• polymer 150 may be retarded until coating 160 is completely washed off as a result of precipitation or irrigation.
• the expanded polymer 150 may reduce watering frequency by increasing moisture infiltration rates and the capacity of the soil to retain water. This in turn decreases water runoff due to the hydrophihc nature of polymer 150.
• the presence of the water absorbent polymer 150 helps to moderate soil temperature and makes aeration more effective.
• Yet another benefit of the disclosed polymer 150 is a greener, fuller top growth and higher crop yields and water savings when the polymer 150 is used in farm soil.
• An embodiment may provide a method for injection of polymer
• the direct injection of the water absorbent polymer 150 directly into the soil profile also has the advantage of improving root growth and viability.
• polymer 150 includes a coating 160 that is a vegetable oil to prevent polymer 150 from absorbing and expanding prior to injection in soil.
• Polymer 150 may contain additives, such as fertilizers, which help to retain nutrients in the soil profile thereby reducing nutrient leaching.
• a blend of agents 160 will retard the expansion of a water absorbent polymer 150 until after polymer 150 has been delivered to the target area in soil.
• polymer 150 may be a cross-linked potassium polyacrylate polymer that is blended with the desired additives, such as food grade emulsifiers, stabilizers, preservatives and growth enhancers.
• Polymer 150 may be coated, such as with vegetable oil and proprietary formula which forms a protective coating 160 that retards the ability of polymer 150 to absorb water, thus delaying expansion of polymer 150 into a gel-like substance.
• the coated polymer 150 may be formulated into a liquid for injection into soil as set forth herein.
• the protective coating 160 may be washed off either by the process of placing polymer 150 into the soil, after some precipitation or irrigation or a combination thereof, enabling polymer 150 to absorb water and swell to full capacity in the root zone.
• larger particle sizes 150a may be used to decrease the rate of degradation of the particles 150a, 150b, 150c, 150d, 150e and prevent consumption by microbes, which consume or otherwise breakdown smaller polymer particles 150e more quickly.
• the dry polymer 150 particles are 200-800 microns in size to reduce degradation rates.
• a larger particle 150a size is also desirable because larger particles may absorb more water, resulting in greater and longer lasting benefit to the soil. Microbes present in the soil consume the particles 150 and do so more quickly with the smaller particles 150e reducing the benefit to the soil. Accordingly, the larger particle size 150a may provide a benefit to compensate for microbial activity and extend particle presence in soil.
• a second end 106b of the resilient tube 106 is fluidly coupled to the manifold 112 either directly or through one or more intermediate fluid conduits forming outlet line 126.
• a check valve 120 is placed in the outlet line 126 between the peristaltic pump 102 and the manifold 112.
• the check valve 120 is configured to allow flow from the peristaltic pump 102 to the manifold 112 but to prevent or block flow from the manifold to the peristaltic pump 102.
• the peristaltic pump is controlled to constantly provide an amount of additive to the manifold 112, except for during an injection, discussed below.
• the pressure within the manifold is at or near atmospheric pressure (i.e., 0 pounds per square inch gage) allowing a free flow of the additive.
• the second end 106b of the resilient tube 106 is coupled with the manifold at a midpoint L/2 of the length L of the manifold via outlet line 126.
• the manifold 112 includes a plurality of nozzles 114.
• nozzles 114 In the non- limiting embodiment illustrated schematically in FIG. 1A, eight nozzles 114 are shown evenly spaced along the length L, although spacing need not be even. In other embodiments, a greater or lesser number of nozzles 114 may be used with even or uneven spacing.
• the nozzles 114 are in direct fluid communication with the interior of the manifold 112 as illustrated. In an example, one or more nozzles 114 may have a valved connection with the manifold 112.
• a source of pressurized fluid 116 is in fluid communication with the manifold 112 via pressure line 128.
• the point of attachment between the manifold 112 and the source of pressurized fluid 116 is at a midpoint L/2 of the length L of the manifold 112 via pressure line 128.
• the source of pressurized fluid 116 is attached to the manifold 112 adjacent to the second end of the resilient tube 106.
• the source of pressurized fluid 116 may be an accumulator or other device or structure configured to supply a fluid 117 at a substantially constant pressure.
• a pressurized fluid 117 is a fluid at a pressure greater than the surrounding atmospheric pressure. This pressure is sometimes referred to a gage pressure to distinguish it from the total, or absolute, pressure which includes atmospheric pressure.
• the pressurized fluid 117 may be at a pressure of up to 4,000 pounds per square inch, for example the pressure of the pressurized fluid 117 may range from about 2,000 pounds per square inch to about 4,000 pounds per square inch.
• a valve for example a poppet valve 118, is placed in the pressure line 128 between the source of pressurized fluid 116 and the manifold 112, preferably adjacent to the manifold 112.
• the poppet valve 118 is configured to provide a blast or a jet of pressurized fluid 117 to the manifold.
• the blast or jet of pressurized fluid 117 interacts with the additive 111 delivered to the manifold by the second end of the resilient tube 106b.
• the interaction of the pressurized fluid 117 and the additive 111 in the manifold evenly, or substantially evenly disperses the additive 111 in the pressurized fluid 117.
• the (gage) pressure within the manifold 112 varies from atmospheric pressure to approximately the pressure of the pressurized fluid source 116. Accordingly, a check valve is not included, as the contents of the manifold will not flow in the direction of the pressurized fluid source 116. However, a check valve may be placed in the pressure line to insure the contents of the manifold do not enter the high pressure source 116.
• a hopper 132 containing a dry filler material 134 may be coupled via line 136 to the nozzles 114 (only shown connected to one nozzle 114 in FIG. 1A for clarity). As the injected material travels through the nozzles 114, the velocity of flow causes a vacuum in the nozzles 114 behind the flow. This vacuum can be used to draw the dry material 134 into the nozzle 114 and flow into any void caused in the soil surface S
• a sensor 308 may be attached to a wheel 306, either free-wheel or drive wheel, for selectively sensing data corresponding to ground speed. In an example, the data relates to angular displacement corresponding to rotations of a wheel 306 of a known diameter. Between the sensor 308 and the controller 108 is a communication link 310 to facilitate communication of ground speed data between the sensor 308 and the controller 108.
• the communication link 310 may be a wired link, or may be a wireless link connection.
• rollers 103 compress the resilient tube 106 within a cavity peristaltic pump 102 to draw the additive 111 from the additive reservoir 110 through the first end portion 106a and force the additive 111 through the second end 106b of the resilient tube.
• the he carriage assembly 104 can rotate in a clockwise (as illustrated) or counter-clockwise direction and additives in the resilient tube 106 can be urged within the flexible tube in the direction of travel of the rollers 103 (i.e., corresponding with arrow 105 in FIG. 1A).
• the additives 111 are provided or metered out by the peristaltic pump 102 in precision amounts to the injection manifold 112. This is accomplished by mounting an encoder disc 202 on the carriage assembly 104 (FIG. 2).
• the encoder disc 202 may be formed from a metal, for example stainless steel, with features, such as holes 204 that are sensed by a sensor 206, for example a Hall Effect proximity sensor. As shown in FIG. 2, the sensor 206, for example a proximity sensor, is mounted to the peristaltic pump housing and detects the absence or presence of metal directly in front of it.
• the proximity sensor 50 reads the revolutions of the encoder disc 202 per a period of time and reports the revolutions to a computer control system, controller 108 via communication link 130.
• the communication link 130 may be a wired link or a wireless link to facilitate transmission of at least a control signal from the controller 108 to the motor 208.
• each through hole 204 in the encoder disc 202 represents 1/40 of the peristaltic pump's 102 volume per 1 revolution. For example, if the peristaltic pump's 102 volume per revolution is 0.16 ounces, each hole would be equal to 0.0036 ounce. As illustrated in FIG.
• the computer sends a control signal, for example a variable output voltage, to the motor 208 to pump the additive material 111 at a given revolution per period of time.
• the controller 108 controls the amount of material that is output from the peristaltic pump 102.
• the desired amount of material output can be pre-set at the controller 108 and may vary from approximately 3 oz. per 1,000 sq. ft. to approximately 365 oz. per 1,000 sq. ft.
• the peristaltic pump 102 output is controlled by the controller 108 based on data provided by the sensor 206 and the sensor 308.
• the sensor 308 provides ground speed data to central controller 108.
• valve, check valve 120 and high pressure fluid, for example water, is injected through a poppet valve assembly 118, adjacent to the valve 120 where the additive materials 111 of the peristaltic pump 102 are provided.
• high pressure fluid e.g., water
• the injection causes the pressure in the manifold 112 to rise.
• the pressure in the manifold 112 can rise to the same, or substantially the same, pressure as the pressurized fluid source 116. This increase in pressure closes the check valve 120 that allows the additive 111 to flow into the manifold.
• the pressure within the manifold 112 causes the fluid 117 and the additive 111, mixed under the influence of the fluid 117 jet in the manifold 112, to exit the manifold through the nozzles 114.
• the nozzles 114 may be in free and open fluid communication with the atmosphere as illustrated, or may include one or more valves to restrict the flow out of the manifold 112.
• the check valve moves into an open position and the additives 111 again enter the mixing chamber.
• Injection of the high pressure fluid 117 into the injection manifold 112 stops the movement of the additive into the injection manifold for duration of approximately 0.05 to 0.30 seconds.
• the pressure in the mixing chamber increases from approximately 0 p. si. (gage, therefore corresponding to atmospheric pressure) to approximately 4,000 p. si. (gage).
• the pressure in the manifold 112 decreases to approximately 0 p. si.; during this period, between high pressure injections, the additives move into the injection manifold 112.
• the mixture of additives and high pressure water is pumped into the soil as noted below.
• the carriage assembly 104 of peristaltic pump 102 continues to turn as controlled by the variable voltage motor 208.
• the second end portion 106b of the resilient tube 106 or the outlet line 126, or both the resihent tube 106 and the outlet line 126 acts as an accumulator for the additive materials 111 pumped during that time period.
• the mixture of additives 111 and high pressure fluid 117 is injected into the ground G under high pressure through nozzles 114.
• the velocity of the high pressure fluid 117 moving through the nozzles 114 allows the mixture to be forced into the soil profile from depths D of approximately 1 to 12 inches. Movement of the high pressure fluid 117 and mixture into the soil creates fractures in the soil.
• the mixture is then drawn into micro pores in the soil through capillary action.
• FIG. 4 is a flow diagram representing a method 400 for injecting an additive to the soil according to a disclosed embodiment.
• a sensor for example sensor 308, which may include an encoder disc mounted to a wheel 306 and a proximity sensor fixed to the movable platform 302.
• the data is communicated to the controller 108 where the data may be stored.
• the ground speed of the system 100 including at least the manifold 112 and nozzles 114 is calculated at the controller 108 from the data received.
• an area per unit time covered by the nozzle assembly 114 at the calculated ground speed is calculated at the controller 108.
• the controller 108 determines at 408 the amount of additive 111 required at the nozzles 114 in order to apply a predetermined amount of additive per unit area to the soil.
• the controller 108 provides a control signal, for example a variable voltage, via the communications link 130 to the peristaltic pump 102 to deliver the determined amount of an additive 111 to the manifold 112.
• a control signal for example a variable voltage
• the check valve 120 is caused to open, allowing the determined amount of additive 111 to be delivered to the manifold 112.
• poppet valve 118 opens and a pressurized fluid 117 is introduced to the manifold 112.
• the check valve 120 is urged to close and the manifold become pressurized to the same, or substantially the same, pressure as the pressurized fluid 117.
• the pressurized fluid 117 enters the manifold 112 as a jet or a blast and distributed the additive within the manifold 112.
• the pressurized manifold forces the mixture of pressurized fluid and additive through the nozzles 114 and injects the mixture of pressurized fluid and additive into the soil.
• the sequence can be repeated for a set number of cycles programmed into the controller 108.

Landscapes

• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Soil Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=56406490

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Family Cites Families (8)

• 2016
  • 2016-01-15 EP EP16738003.9A patent/EP3244719A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2016-01-15 WO PCT/US2016/013694 patent/WO2016115515A1/en active Application Filing
• 2018
  • 2018-05-17 HK HK18106378.9A patent/HK1247040A1/zh unknown

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