EP3240977A1 - Infrastructure de champ de réflecteurs - Google Patents
Infrastructure de champ de réflecteursInfo
- Publication number
- EP3240977A1 EP3240977A1 EP15820535.1A EP15820535A EP3240977A1 EP 3240977 A1 EP3240977 A1 EP 3240977A1 EP 15820535 A EP15820535 A EP 15820535A EP 3240977 A1 EP3240977 A1 EP 3240977A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- reflectors
- line
- support
- carrier structure
- reflector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 14
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/77—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with flat reflective plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
- F24S25/10—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules extending in directions away from a supporting surface
- F24S25/11—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules extending in directions away from a supporting surface using shaped bodies, e.g. concrete elements, foamed elements or moulded box-like elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
- F24S25/60—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules
- F24S25/61—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules for fixing to the ground or to building structures
- F24S25/617—Elements driven into the ground, e.g. anchor-piles; Foundations for supporting elements; Connectors for connecting supporting structures to the ground or to flat horizontal surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
- F24S40/20—Cleaning; Removing snow
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/30—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/30—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface
- B08B1/32—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface using rotary cleaning members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S2023/87—Reflectors layout
- F24S2023/872—Assemblies of spaced reflective elements on common support, e.g. Fresnel reflectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
- F24S25/10—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules extending in directions away from a supporting surface
- F24S25/16—Arrangement of interconnected standing structures; Standing structures having separate supporting portions for adjacent modules
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of solar power plants and more particularly to concentrating solar power plants of the Fresnel type.
- renewable energy such as solar energy
- the reflectors constitute parallel lines oriented in the North-South direction. These reflectors have the function of concentrating the incident solar radiation on a previously determined target called receiver, regardless of the position of the sun relative to the target. As a result, the reflectors must be movable on their support. Thus, each of the reflector lines is articulated around an axis of rotation parallel to the longitudinal axis of the line of reflectors so as to perform a tracking movement of the sun.
- each reflector 100 of a line 200 is supported by two metal uprights 400 positioned at each end of the reflector 100 and which are inserted into the ground.
- Each reflector 100 is pivotally mounted on the uprights 400.
- the structure comprises metal crosspieces 300, perpendicular to the reflectors 100. These crosspieces 300 are necessary to hold the lines 200 of reflectors 100.
- the reflectors support a mirror-like surface to reflect solar rays toward the receiver.
- the receivers are composed of materials having properties allowing to absorb a maximum of calories from the radiation reflected by the reflectors and to best reduce their heat dissipation by radiation so as to transfer the maximum heat to the heat transfer fluid.
- reflector maintenance is therefore an essential part of a solar power plant's performance.
- the receiver located in the central axis of the central portion of the reflector field, and in height above it is difficult to approach because of the width of the reflector field, the proximity of the reflectors under the reflectors. receptors. Maintenance operations on the reflector are made difficult (cleaning, visual checks, etc.).
- Some solutions include, for example, coatings covering the reflective surfaces of the reflectors and whose function is to limit the adhesion of sand or particles and to facilitate the cleaning of the reflecting surfaces.
- Other solutions include the provision of nets or walls to protect a wind field reflectors.
- the present invention relates to a reflector line for concentrating solar power station (CSP) comprising a plurality of reflectors aligned with each other along an alignment axis and comprising a carrier structure.
- the support structure comprises at least one support configured to support the plurality of reflectors preferably by holding each reflector away from the ground and comprising a foundation to be anchored in the ground and from which extends the at least one support, the foundation comprising:
- At least one base comprising concrete or reinforced concrete anchored in the ground
- This longitudinal concrete carrier structure allows a release of the circulation along each line of reflectors allowing access by machines at any point of the line of reflectors. These machines can move along each line of reflectors to build the line of reflectors (phase of construction of the plant) and maintain it (phase of operation of the plant). This ease of access and construction of reflector line is contrary to existing solutions in which metal crosspieces, perpendicular to the reflector lines, connect between them each line of reflectors making access to the reflectors difficult or impossible for machines.
- the invention thus facilitates the cleaning and maintenance operations of the reflectors and receivers.
- the present invention thus provides an effective solution for reducing the operating cost of a concentrating solar power plant and maintaining a high efficiency over its lifetime.
- the carrier structure of the present invention provides a robust, reliable support of the support and the reflector.
- the mechanical function of supporting the weight of the reflective surface is thus provided by the support contrary to conventional solutions which provide that the weight of the reflecting surface is supported by a reflector frame thereby weighing it.
- the invention thus makes it possible to have light reflectors since their support is provided by the carrying structure.
- Another advantage of this invention is the use of proven techniques in civil engineering for the construction of reflector lines. This area is a very remote area from the construction of existing solar power plants. Civil engineering techniques are not used in the construction of existing solar power plants. It is thus possible to build the carrier structure continuously and as and when the machine advances that realizes the foundation.
- the foundation of the present invention extends linearly so as to form a line of reflectors substantially aligned with the North / South geographic axis.
- this linearity makes it easy for a vehicle to move along the line of reflectors.
- the reflector line and the central unit according to the invention thus form no obstacle to a circulation in the North / South direction.
- two lines of adjacent reflectors are distant. They are separated. No structural element connects one reflector line to the other.
- the carrier structure according to the present invention is configured to support a line of reflectors alone.
- the carrier structure does not extend between two lines of adjacent reflectors, thereby allowing unimpeded movement between each line of reflectors.
- the foundation of the present invention comprises a soleplate comprising concrete and / or reinforced concrete, resting on the ground and from which extending on both sides the base and the at least one a support.
- This sole comprises at least one tread strip along the line of reflectors so as to serve as support for the movement of vehicles.
- the surface of the base plate is configured to be flat and thus allow the movement of vehicles along the line of reflectors without requiring leveling or preparation of the ground between each line of reflectors.
- the vehicle traveling along the line of reflectors does not touch the ground, but only the tread.
- the at least one tread is continuous along the line of reflectors.
- the tread extends linearly along the line of reflectors to facilitate the movement of vehicles.
- this tread serves as guidance for vehicles and machines.
- they may be machines for constructing said supporting structure, reflector maintenance machines and machines for cleaning the reflecting surface of the reflectors, or machines allowing access to the receivers (of the crane type visible on the port areas for example) carrying an elevated platform.
- precise positioning of the machines with respect to the carrier structure, and preferably with respect to the reflectors, is ensured by the presence of the tread defined by the supporting structure. Thus the intervention of the machines is more precise, fast and reliable.
- the sole forms two continuous treads, linearly extending preferably and located on either side of the support. So as to allow the machines for example maintenance and cleaning, to roll simultaneously on the two treads of the two lines of adjacent reflectors and facing.
- the two treads of the two adjacent reflector lines and facing extend in the direction North / South. They allow a free movement in the direction North / South.
- the two treads of the two adjacent reflector lines and facing are distant. They are separated. No structural element connects these two treads belonging to two lines of adjacent reflectors and facing each other. In addition to simplifying circulation, this makes it possible to have reflector lines that are easy to produce inexpensively.
- the sole forming a tread rests on the ground. This allows the weight of a vehicle traveling on the tread to be transferred directly into the ground. It is thus possible to circulate vehicles of large size and weight. Moreover, this offers great freedom in the shape and dimensions of the vehicles running on the tread.
- the tread has a planar face configured to receive the wheel of a vehicle.
- the tread does not form a rail. This makes the tread cheaper than a rail. Moreover, this allows to offer a great freedom in the shape and dimensions of the wheels of the vehicle. Conversely, a rail imposes significant constraints on the wheels of vehicles traveling on the rail.
- each support is specific to a single line of reflectors.
- each base and each tread is unique to a single line of reflectors.
- two lines of reflectors do not share the same support. They therefore do not share the same base and the same tread.
- the base of a line of reflectors does not extend to another line of reflectors. This facilitates the realization of the plant and to make more free circulation between two lines of reflectors.
- the support is formed of a monolithic piece.
- This piece is preferably made of concrete. It forms a single concrete block.
- the support forms a piece of concrete cast in a single block. Thus the support is not formed by assembling a foundation with a base.
- the present invention relates to a support system comprising at least two adjacent supporting structures together forming two continuous soles facing substantially parallel.
- Each of the two wheels of the same axle of a cleaning, construction or maintenance vehicle can be supported respectively on one of the two soles.
- the support has a vertical end, the vertical end of all the supports of the same line of reflectors is in the same horizontal plane. This makes it possible to ensure identical vertical positioning to all the reflectors of the same line of reflectors, making it easier and simpler to control the reflectors of the same line of reflectors.
- the at least one support includes a plurality of posts extending from the foundation and disposed along the continuous foundation.
- the plurality of posts extends from the sole and along the continuous foundation.
- the sole continuously joins the posts of the same linear sole.
- the base is configured to maintain the load-bearing structure in the ground.
- the present invention relates to a solar field comprising at least two lines of adjacent reflectors according to the present invention, the two structures carrying the adjacent reflector lines together forming two continuous soles opposite and preferably substantially parallel, the two soles continuously facing two treads for a vehicle traveling along the two lines of adjacent reflectors. This then allows access to each reflector of each line of reflectors.
- One aspect of the present invention relates to a line of reflectors comprising at least one carrier structure according to the invention and a plurality of reflectors articulated on the support of the carrier structure and in which the reflectors of the plurality of reflectors are articulated in rotation on the support. This articulation allows tracking of the sun during the day.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a solar concentrating plant comprising a plurality of reflector lines according to the present invention and at least one receiver, the central being configured so that all or part of the solar radiation reflected by the reflectors of the plurality of reflector lines is absorbed by the receiver.
- the reflectors are articulated on the carrier structure so as to change their position on the carrier structure according to the position of the sun.
- a particular aspect of the present invention relates to a method of constructing at least one line of reflectors according to the present invention comprising the following steps:
- a first foundation section comprising at least filling a portion of said trench with concrete or reinforced concrete to form a first linear section of the base and a first concrete support section overlying said first linear section of the base and extending vertically from the first foundation section;
- a second foundation section comprising at least one step of forming a second linear section of base
- At least the foundation sections being formed by a construction machine configured to cast and shape concrete or reinforced concrete;
- the at least first and second foundation and support sections being formed as the construction machine advances along the alignment axis of the reflector line, moving the construction machine along the line of reflectors being continuous or step by step.
- This method makes it possible to achieve a particularly fast and reliable carrier structure, particularly since it allows the construction machine to advance along the line as and when the construction of the latter.
- the present invention relates to a construction method according to the present invention in which the construction machine advances continuously.
- the first and second sections of base and sole at least are formed continuously as the machine advances.
- the first section is formed during the advance on a first distance and during a first period of advance and the second section is formed during the advance on a second distance and during a second period of advancement.
- This process achieves the carrier structure faster than the prior art.
- This method is particularly well suited to embodiments in which the support is formed by a wall.
- the present invention relates to a construction method according to the present invention in which the construction machine advances stepwise.
- first and second base sections are juxtaposed and the first and second sole sections are juxtaposed so as to form a base and a continuous sole.
- the machine stops at a point to form the first sections of base and sole.
- first and second formed base and sole sections it advances to a second point to form the second base and sole sections.
- This method is particularly well suited to embodiments in which the support is formed by a plurality of posts distant from each other.
- the steps of forming a first and a second support section each comprise the molding of concrete or reinforced concrete columns.
- the present invention relates to a machine for constructing a carrier structure for implementing the method of the present invention, characterized in that it comprises:
- a concrete casting and shaping device to form at least the first foundation section, that is to say the first base section and the first section of the sole surmounting the first base section;
- This type of construction machine makes it possible to produce the carrying structure of the present invention in an automated manner. Indeed, the use of a geocontrolled control allows on the one hand an automated movement of the construction machine but also a precise positioning of the carrier structure so as to achieve a substantially perfect alignment between each line of reflectors but also by compared to the North / South geographical axis.
- the present invention relates to a method of cleaning reflectors supported by a reflector line carrier structure according to the present invention, wherein the foundation defines a tread, which method comprises the following steps:
- the present invention relates to a machine for cleaning a carrier structure for implementing the method according to the present invention, characterized in that it is configured to move along the carrier structure while rolling on to both a tread defined by a sole defined by the carrier structure and at the same time another tread defined by a sole defined by another supporting structure.
- This machine is also automated, it has the advantage, among other things, to inspect the surface condition of the reflective portion of the reflectors, to clean this surface and in the case where the reflectivity of the surface would be reduced for reasons not covered by surface cleaning, this machine, in cooperation with the maintenance machine, allows the detection and replacement of damaged reflectors.
- the present invention relates to a method of maintaining reflectors supported by a reflector line carrier structure according to the present invention, wherein the foundation defines a tread and wherein the reflector line comprises a plurality of carriers. reflectors, the method comprising at least one of the following steps:
- the present invention relates to a maintenance machine of a line of reflectors for implementing the method according to the present invention characterized in that it is configured to move along the carrier structure while rolling on to both a tread defined by a sole defined by the carrier structure and at the same time another tread defined by a sole defined by another supporting structure.
- This type of machine allows, following the realization of the carrier structure, to install the reflectors.
- the maintenance machine can install the reflectors as a result.
- this maintenance machine also allows to replace a reflector when it is damaged, for example, or too old.
- This machine is also automated allowing automated maintenance of the line of reflectors.
- the present invention relates to a method of maintaining receivers supported by a reflector line carrier structure, in which the foundation defines a tread, the method comprises at least one of the following steps:
- the present invention relates to a machine for the maintenance of reflector field receivers for the implementation of the method, characterized in that it is configured to move along the carrier structure while driving at a time. tread defined by a sole defined by the carrier structure and both on another tread defined by a sole defined by another supporting structure.
- the present invention relates to a carrier structure for a reflector line comprising a plurality of concentrating solar power plant reflectors, the carrier structure comprising at least one carrier configured to support a plurality of reflectors of the reflector line; characterized in that the supporting structure comprises a single foundation comprising: at least one base comprising concrete and intended to be anchored in a trench of the ground;
- the foundation extending continuously, and preferably linear.
- the support structure further comprises a sole comprising concrete resting on the ground and from which extend on both sides the base and the at least one support, the sole forming at least one continuous tread.
- FIG. 1 represents a field of Fresnel type reflectors according to the prior art.
- FIG. 2 represents the production of a reflector field according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 represents a construction machine according to an embodiment of the present invention in a phase of construction of a carrying structure section.
- FIG. 4 represents the maintenance and cleaning machines according to one embodiment of the present invention, these machines circulating on the treads of carrying structures according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIGURES 5a and 5b illustrate two particular modes of the present invention.
- Figure 5a illustrates the case of a wall-type support
- Figure 5b the case of a post-type support.
- the reflectors are articulated on the supporting structure so as to modify their position relative to the supporting structure according to the sun's course.
- the construction machine is configured to move continuously or stepwise along the structure while forming the first and second sections.
- the two continuous continuous soles forming two treads are distant from a distance of between 20 cm and 2 m, and advantageously between 60 cm and 1 m.
- each of the two wheels of the same axle of a vehicle cleaning, construction or maintenance can rely respectively on one of the soles.
- the steps of forming a first and a second section of the support each comprise a step of casting and forming concrete to form a section of the support.
- each section of carrier structure is monolithic.
- the carrier structure is monolithic.
- the steps of forming a first and a second support section each comprise a partial insertion step inside the foundation of at least one post previously made.
- each sole section comprises producing at least one tread defined by an upper face of each sole.
- the step of forming each sole section comprises producing two treads Rin on either side of the support and each defined by an upper face of each sole. These two treads support the axles of machines traveling between each line of reflectors.
- the axis of alignment of the line of reflectors and the geographical axis North / South have an angular difference of a few tenths of a degree.
- the axis of alignment of the line of reflectors and the geographical axis North / South have an angular difference of between 0.5 ° and 5 °, with a desirable resolution of 0.1 ° to 0.5 °.
- the alignment axis of the reflector line and the axis of the carrier structure have an angular difference of a few tenths of a degree.
- the alignment axis of the reflector line and the axis of the carrier structure have an angular difference of between 0.5 ° and 5 °, with a desirable resolution of 0.1 ° to 0.5 °.
- the line of reflectors to a length along its alignment axis of between 25m and 1000m, and advantageously between 50m and 500m.
- all the reflectors are at the same height.
- all the reflectors are at the same altitude.
- the angular difference between the alignment axes of the reflector lines is a few tenths of a degree.
- the angular difference between the alignment axes of the reflector lines is between 0.5 ° and 5 °, with a desirable resolution of 0.1 ° to 0.5 °.
- the distance separating two lines of consecutive reflectors is between 0.1 m and 4 m, and advantageously between 0.2 m and 2 m.
- first and second base sections are juxtaposed and the first and second sole sections are juxtaposed so as to form a base and a continuous sole.
- the at least one support forms a continuous wall along the foundation.
- the at least one wall has a width between each of its lateral sides of between 0.02m and 0.6m, and advantageously between 0.05m and 0.3m.
- the top of the wall is included, at any point of the alignment axis, in the same horizontal plane.
- the distance between the at least one first side of the at least one wall and the at least one first edge of the at least one sole is between 0.05 m and 1 m, and advantageously between 0.1 m and 0.5 m.
- the distance between the at least one first side of the at least one wall and the at least one first edge of the at least one sole is equal to the distance between the at least one second side of the at least one wall and the at least one second edge of the at least one sole.
- the at least one support comprises a plurality of posts extending from the foundation and disposed along the continuous foundation.
- the at least one pole has a height of between 0.1 m and 4 m, and advantageously between 0.2 m and 2 m.
- the top of each of the poles is included in the same horizontal plane.
- the height between the upper arase of the sole and the base of the posts is between 0.1 m and 4 m, and advantageously between 0.2 m and 2 m.
- the carrier structure has a length along its alignment axis of between 25m and 1000m, and advantageously between 50m and 500m.
- the alignment axis of the carrier structure and the alignment axis of the reflectors have an angular difference of a few tenths of a degree.
- the alignment axis of the carrier structure and the alignment axis of the reflectors have an angular difference of between 0.5 ° and 5 °, with a desirable resolution of 0.1 ° to 0.5 °.
- the altitude of the upper arase of the sole is constant along the alignment axis of the carrier structure.
- the altitude of the upper arase of the sole is irregular along the axis of alignment of the carrier structure.
- the sole has a height between its lower arase and its upper arase between 2 cm and 60 cm, and preferably between 5 cm and 30 cm, and a width between 2 cm and 1 m, and preferably between 5 cm and 50 cm.
- the at least one tread has a width of between 2 cm and 1 m, and advantageously between 5 cm and 50 cm, the width being measured in a direction perpendicular to the main direction along which the line extends.
- the tread has a planar face configured to receive the wheel of a vehicle.
- This flat face has a width of at least 0.05 meter and preferably at least 0.5 meter and preferably at least 1 meter, the width being measured in a direction perpendicular to the main direction in which the line extends .
- the height of the wall is irregular along the alignment axis of the supporting structure.
- the height of the wall is adapted to the irregularities of the ground along the axis of alignment of the supporting structure.
- the at least one support comprises a plurality of posts extending from the foundation and arranged along the continuous foundation.
- the plurality of poles extend from the sole and along the continuous foundation.
- the sole continuously joins the posts of the same linear sole.
- a pole may have a section of any shape. Its section may be constant or not along its vertical axis of elongation.
- the base is configured to maintain the carrier structure in the ground.
- the line of reflectors comprises at least one carrier structure according to the invention and a plurality of reflectors fixed or articulated on the support of the carrier structure, the reflectors of the plurality of reflectors being rotatably articulated on the support by a support member. rotation guidance. Articulated reflectors can be controlled to follow the course of the sun.
- the reflector is articulated in rotation on the support by a rotating guide member.
- the rotational guide member is attached directly to the support, preferably formed of concrete.
- the support preferably formed of concrete.
- the entire supporting structure that is to say the concrete support is poured in place, then the reflectors and their rotating guide member are reported on the support.
- This solution is much more advantageous than a solution in which different elements are manufactured in the factory, and then these different elements are assembled on the site to form the supporting structure.
- the base comprises a buried portion formed in a trench.
- the base comprises a buried portion formed in a spade. This allows a better stability of the carrier structure.
- the carrier structure is configured to support a line of reflectors alone.
- the foundation comprises a sole comprising concrete or reinforced concrete resting on the ground and from which extend vertically and on both sides the base and the at least one support.
- the sole forms at least one continuous tread and wherein said tread extends linearly along the line of reflectors.
- the sole forms two continuous treads and located on either side of the support.
- the base and the sole form a monolithic piece. This allows a better strength of the carrier structure.
- the base, the sole and the support form a monolithic piece.
- the trench has a depth of between 2 cm and 160 cm, and advantageously between 5 cm and 80 cm.
- the sole has a height of between 2 cm and 40 cm, and advantageously between 5 cm and 20 cm.
- the at least one support has a vertical end, the vertical end of all the at least one support of the same line of reflectors is included in the same horizontal plane.
- the at least one support forms a continuous wall along the continuous foundation.
- the height between the upper arase of the sole and the base of the wall is constant along the axis of alignment of the carrier structure, and is between 2 cm and 400 cm, and preferably between 50 cm and 200 cm.
- the distance separating two consecutive columns is between 25 cm and 10 m, and advantageously between 50 cm and 5 m.
- the posts are made of concrete or reinforced concrete.
- the posts are metal and are inserted in part at least in the foundation.
- the height between the upper edge of the sole and the top of the posts is 25cm and 400cm, and preferably between 50cm and 200cm.
- the alignment axis of the carrier structure and the North / South geographical axis have an angular difference of a few tenths of a degree.
- the alignment axis of the carrier structure and the North / South geographical axis have an angular difference of between 0.5 ° and 5 °, with a desirable resolution of 0.1 ° to 0.5 °.
- the construction machine advances continuously or step by step.
- the step of forming the first support section is preceded by a step of forming a first linear section of the concrete or reinforced concrete soleplate surmounting said first linear base section formed, and in which step of forming the second support section is preceded by a step of forming a second linear section of the concrete or reinforced concrete soleplate surmounting said second linear section formed base.
- the support forms a wall.
- the support forms a linear succession of columns.
- the construction machine is configured to form a section of the support during the step of forming the first section of the base and the first section of the sole.
- the steps of forming a first and a second support section each comprise the formwork or the molding of concrete or reinforced concrete columns.
- the term “Fresnel linear concentrator”, “Fresnel reflector”, “reflector” or their equivalents are defined as a device comprising one or more surfaces capable of reflecting the sun's rays by focusing them at a point called the focal point of the reflector.
- these reflectors have a larger spatial extension along an axis, called the longitudinal axis of the reflector.
- these reflectors have an axis said vertical axis of the reflector being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and in a vertical direction.
- North / South axis or its equivalents are defined by an axis passing through the North and South Terrestrial Pole, and that the term “East / West axis” or its equivalents are defined by an axis perpendicular to an axis passing through the terrestrial North Pole and the terrestrial South Pole.
- the term "solar axis of the reflector” or its equivalents have as their definition an axis passing through the center of the sun and the center of the reflector.
- alignment axis “longitudinal axis” or their equivalents are defined as an axis collinear with the length of the reflector and collinear with the axis of rotation of the reflector around from which it turns to follow the path of the sun during the day.
- central axis of the reflector or its equivalents are defined by an axis passing through the center of the reflector and being perpendicular to its reflective surface.
- a solar concentrating plant preferably comprises several solar fields.
- Each solar field comprises a plurality of reflector lines and a receiver adapted to receive solar energy and to convert this energy by heat transfer using a heat sink for example.
- the reflectors Since the sun describes a specific path in the sky, the reflectors must be reoriented throughout the day to follow the sun and thus always have the maximum amount of sunshine from their reflective surface. As a result, the axis of the reflectors is generally more or less aligned with the North / South geographical axis, so that by simply rotating around this axis, the reflector can follow the course of the sun in the sky throughout the day.
- the surface of the reflectors should be as reflective as possible, that is both clean and in good condition.
- the reflector must be replaced. This replacement must be carried out as quickly as possible in order to guarantee optimal performance of the solar power station. Therefore again, the reflector must be easily accessible.
- FIG. 1 represents a portion of a solar field according to the prior art.
- the field is implanted on a soil 20 following its leveling.
- the structure 300 is a carrying structure ensuring the retention of the reflectors 100.
- This structure is optimized to have a large number of reflectors 100 dedicated to the same receiver.
- This supporting structure 300 includes metal crossbars between each line of reflectors 200
- This supporting structure 300 is fixed to the ground 20 by metal uprights 400 inserted into the ground.
- This bearing structure 300 is composed of crosspieces 300 whose disposition is perpendicular to the line formed by the reflectors 100. A same metal cross 300 is thus common to all the reflector lines 200 of the same field of reflectors.
- the present invention proposes a solution that largely resolves these disadvantages by producing a field of reflectors in a more solid, durable manner and having easy access to each reflector.
- the present invention relates to the production of a solar field comprising a plurality of reflector lines 200 comprising a carrier structure 1000, one of whose characteristics is its alignment with the lines. reflectors 200.
- a carrier structure 1000 is common to a single line of reflectors 200. This single dependence ensures a gap absent carrier structure between each line of reflectors 200 of the solar field, thus facilitating any movement of men as vehicles between the reflector lines 200.
- the distance between each line of reflectors 200 of the same solar field varies as a function of the reflector lines 200 considered, preferably as a function of the distance of the lines considered at the receiver of the solar field.
- this circulation distance between two adjacent reflector lines 200 is essential. Indeed, one of the advantages of the present invention is its ability to ensure a better longevity of the solar field. For this purpose machines of both construction and maintenance are elements of the present invention which will be detailed later in this description. The spacing between each line of reflectors 200 allows the circulation of these machines (2000, 3000, 4000).
- the carrier structure 1000 is aligned along the longitudinal axis of the reflectors 200, preferably the geographical axis North / South.
- This precise alignment of the axis of the carrier structure 1000 is possible by the use of a new type of machine. Construction 2000 can for example be geo-controlled allowing a very precise positioning of the machine 2000 and the construction thus produced.
- the angular difference between the axis of the carrier structure 1000 and the geographical axis North / South is less than 10 °, preferably 5 ° and preferably equal to 0 °.
- Each line of reflectors 200 comprises at least one carrier structure 1000.
- these carrier structures 1000 form lines, preferably, these lines are straight.
- these lines are aligned along an axis, called the alignment axis of the carrier structure 1000.
- this axis is collinear with the longitudinal axis of the reflectors 100.
- the angular difference between the alignment axis of the carrier structure 1000 and the axis of the reflectors 100 of a same line formed by said carrier structure 1000 is less than 10 °, preferably 5 ° and preferably equal to 0 °.
- these lines have a greater or lesser parallelism between them.
- the angular difference between the plurality of carrier structures 1000 forming the reflector lines 200 of the same solar field is less than 10 °, preferably 5 ° and preferably equal to 0 °.
- Figures 5a and 5b illustrate two particular embodiments of the present invention. These two embodiments are distinguished mainly by the type of support provided to support the reflectors 200.
- the carrier structure 1000 comprises a foundation 1030 comprising a base 1010 and advantageously but not necessarily a sole 1020.
- the foundation 1030 of the supporting structure comprises concrete and / or reinforced concrete. This allows increased longevity of the carrier structure 1030.
- the base 1010 is made according to civil engineering techniques, such as pouring concrete in a trench previously made in the ground 20.
- Concrete offers many advantages for the realization of load bearing structure 1000.
- it is possible to use the construction techniques of civil engineering concrete and / or reinforced concrete.
- This material, concrete is cheap and widespread.
- it has a very low ecological impact.
- the reinforcement of its structure by a metal reinforcement, so as to make a reinforced concrete further allows to further increase the strength and strength of the structure thus constructed.
- the base has a depth of between 2 cm and 60 cm, and advantageously between 5 cm and 30 cm.
- the trench comprises a width of between 15 cm and 2 m, and advantageously between 30 cm and 1 m.
- the sole 1020 overcomes the base 1010.
- the sole 1020 is preferably made of concrete. It forms with the base 1010 a monolithic piece made by the same concrete pour.
- This soleplate 1020 advantageously comprises at least one tread 1040. This at least one tread 1040 is preferably configured to allow the circulation of machines 2000, 3000, 4000. Advantageously, these machines can be dedicated to the maintenance of the present structure. carrier.
- these machines are supported and roll on the carrier structure 1000 at the level of the tread 1040. As a result, the alignment of these machines 2000, 3000, 4000 with respect to the carrier structure 1000 is increased. .
- the at least one tread 1040 provides the support function for operating machines thus allowing access to machines and / or men at any point in the solar field, in particular for the necessary maintenance. installations, such as the cleaning of the reflectors 100, but also their inspection and / or their replacement.
- the at least one tread 1040 thus allows easy and precise circulation of machines 2000, 3000, 4000 can then be autonomous and perform specific tasks of maintenance of a line of reflectors 200. Therefore the automation of Solar field in terms of maintenance and maintenance is facilitated and made possible by the present invention.
- the at least one soleplate 1020 comprises at least a first edge and at least a second edge.
- the at least one first edge is turned towards the East, and the at least one second edge is facing west.
- each carrier structure comprises two treads located on either side of the support 1050, 1060 on which the reflectors 100 are articulated.
- the reflector 100 is articulated in rotation on its support 1050, 1060 by a rotating guide member (not shown).
- the rotational guiding member is fixed directly to the support 1050, 1060. Thus, there is no additional element of bearing structure between the rotational guiding member and the support preferably made of concrete.
- the support 1050, 1060 forms an outer part 1050, 1060 of the supporting structure 1000. Preferably it overcomes the sole 1020.
- the support 1050, 1060 is preferably made of concrete and / or reinforced concrete. It is advantageously obtained by formwork. It forms a monolithic piece obtained by a single formwork or a single pour of concrete.
- the support 1050 is continuous over the entire length of the carrier structure 1000 composing the line of reflectors 200. It thus forms a continuous wall.
- the wall 1050 is discontinuous over the entire length of the carrier structure 1000 composing the line of reflectors 200. Therefore, a plurality of walls 1050 can compose the supports of the supporting structure 1,000.
- the height of the wall 1050 is adjusted along the same line of reflectors 200 in order to allow the same altitude to be maintained for all the reflectors 100 of the same line independently of the variations of the ground levels 20.
- the height of the wall 1050 is adjusted between each line of reflectors 200 of the same field of reflectors in order to allow the same altitude to be maintained for all the reflectors 100 independently of the variations of the ground levels of the whole field. of reflector.
- this leveling of the altitude of each reflector 100 is performed at the level of the formation of the trench so as to level the ground 20 only at the level of the carrier structure 1000.
- the wall 1050 is built in the middle of the sole 1020. This allows to have the same tread width 1040 on either side of the at least one wall 1050.
- the base of the at least one wall 1050 is configured to receive means for holding and positioning at least one reflector 100.
- the reflectors 100 are articulated on the wall 1050.
- the wall or walls 1050 form with the foundation, that is to say the base and the sole, a monolithic structure, concrete and / or reinforced concrete. This facilitates the realization of the carrier structure and give it improved durability and durability.
- the support configured to receive the at least one reflector 100 comprises at least one pole 1060, and preferably a plurality of poles 1060 arranged discontinuously, for example, along the load bearing structure 1000.
- the posts 1060 form with the foundation, that is to say the base and the sole, a monolithic structure, concrete and / or reinforced concrete. This facilitates the realization of the carrier structure and give it improved durability and durability.
- the post 1060 may be metal and inserted into the foundation 1030 of the supporting structure during and / or after its completion.
- the height of the emergent portion of the posts 1060 is adjusted between each post 1060 of the same line of reflectors 200 to compensate for ground level variations 20 and to maintain all the reflectors 100 at the same altitude.
- the height of the emergent portion of the posts 1060 is adjusted between each post 1060 of each line of reflectors 200 to compensate for ground level variations 20 and to maintain all the reflectors 100 at the same altitude.
- each post 1060 comprises means for holding at least one reflector 100.
- the reflector or reflectors 100 are articulated on the top of the posts 1060.
- a post 1060 is sufficient to maintain a reflector 100. According to another preferred embodiment, at least two posts 1060 are sufficient to maintain a reflector 100. Advantageously, a post 1060 is common to two reflectors 100 of the same line of reflectors 200.
- FIG. 2 represents, in one embodiment, the construction of a reflector field according to the present invention.
- This embodiment involves at least one construction machine 2000 according to one of the aspects of the present invention.
- the construction machine 2000 is configured to perform several steps, or all the steps of the construction of the carrier structure 1000 according to the present invention.
- the machine 2000 comprises means for leveling the soil 20 on which the carrier structure will be constructed.
- the machine 2000 is configured to make a trench serving as a base for the leveling of the carrier structure 1000, to fill the trench with concrete and / or reinforced concrete so as to form a base 1010, and to achieve by formwork a concrete base 1020 for supporting a support 1060.
- the sole 1020 comprises two treads 1040.
- the support (wall 1050 or posts 1060) is formed of concrete and / or reinforced concrete. It is advantageously cast and sealed together with the foundation so as to form a monolithic piece with the base 1010 and the sole 1020. This feature gives the carrier structure 1000 an improvement in its strength and longevity in time.
- the present invention allows the realization, for example, of several carrier structures 1000 simultaneously as illustrated in FIG. 2.
- the construction machines 2000 are geo-controlled. This means that they do not require an operator and thus the realization of the carrier structure 1000 is completely automated. This automation allows the realization of solar fields in a very fast time.
- the speed of advance and construction of a construction machine 2000 is between 0.01 km / h and 100km / h, preferably between 0.1 km / h and 10km / h and preferably equal to 1 km / h.
- the construction machine 2000 can advance and build the carrier structure 1000 continuously and / or stepwise.
- FIG. 3 illustrates in more detail the construction machine 2000.
- this machine includes tracks 2010 and 2020 as a means of locomotion.
- the construction machine 2000 also comprises formwork means 2030 for producing the foundation 1030 (the base 1010 and the base 1020), the wall 1050 and / or the posts 1060.
- the geo-control of the machine 2000 ensures a substantially perfect parallelism between the different lines of reflectors 200.
- the carrier structure is advantageously formed as the machine advances, either continuously or stepwise. This construction feature makes it possible to achieve a very high speed of production of reflector lines 200.
- FIG. 4 illustrates machines for maintaining the reflector lines 200.
- the maintenance machine 3000 ensures the installation and the change of the reflectors 100 on the line of reflectors 200. Thus, once the carrier structure 1000 has been made, this maintenance machine 3000 circulates between the reflector lines 200 to install the reflectors 100.
- the maintenance machine 3000 is guided by at least one tread 1040 in order to remain perfectly aligned with the carrier structure 1000.
- This tread 1040, 1041, 1042 thus makes it possible to automate the installation of the reflectors 100. Even when a reflector 100 is to be replaced, the maintenance machine 3000 moves, preferably it is automatically sent to the reflector 100 to be changed and takes care of removing and replacing it.
- the maintenance machine 300 installs and / or changes the reflectors 100 as it moves along the reflector lines 200 rolling on the treads, either continuously or stepwise.
- a cleaning machine 4000 is configured to check and / or clean the reflective surface of the reflectors 100.
- This cleaning machine 4000 may comprise among other means of inspection of the reflective surface of the reflectors 100, for example an optical transmitter and an optical sensor for measuring the reflectivity of the surface of the reflector 100.
- the cleaning machine 4000 cleans the reflectors 100 as it moves along the reflector lines 200 by rolling on the treads, either continuously or stepwise.
- the cleaning machine 4000 comprises means for cleaning the reflective surface of the reflectors 100. If an anomaly in the reflectivity coefficient is locally detected, then the cleaning machine 4000 first tries to clean the area in question and then rechecks. the reflectivity coefficient, if it has not improved and / or insufficiently, an order to replace the reflector 100 is send to the maintenance machine 3000 for example. This automation of the cleaning and maintenance of the reflector 100 saves a lot of time in the management of the solar field and thus reduces the yield losses attributed to this type of operation.
- each reflector line allows the circulation of machines traveling along the reflector lines 200, each of the two wheels of the same axle bearing on one of the two treads. 1040 belonging to two lines of reflectors 200 adjacent. These treads 1041 and 1042 make it possible not to level the floor 20 between each reflector line or to clear it or clean it. Indeed, gravels and rocks, of reasonable size, can be between each line of reflectors 200 without hindering the movement of the machines along the lines of reflectors 200.
- the invention provides an effective solution to facilitate the construction of solid and durable reflector lines over time and to facilitate maintenance.
- the length of a line of reflectors 200 is between 25m and 1000m, and advantageously between 50m and 500m.
- the carrier structure 1000 according to the present invention has a length of between 25m and 1000m, and advantageously between 50m and 500m.
- the distance between two lines of adjacent reflectors 200 of the same solar field is between 0.3m and 4m, and advantageously between 0.75m and 2m, preferably the distance between each line of reflectors 200d. the same solar field is constant.
- the at least one sole 1020 has a height between its lower arase and its upper arase between 2cm and 60cm, and preferably between 5cm and 30cm.
- the at least one sole 1020 has a width between each of its lateral sides of between 15 cm and 2 m, and advantageously between 30 cm and 1 m.
- the at least one wall 1050 has a height between the upper edge of the sole 1020 and its base between 25cm and 4m, and preferably between 50cm and 2m.
- the at least one wall 1050 comprises a width between its east side and its west side between 2cm and 60cm, and preferably between 5cm and 30cm.
- the wall 1050 is constructed at a distance from the at least one first edge of the at least one sole 1020 between 2cm and 60cm, and preferably between 5cm and 30cm.
- the distance separating two consecutive posts 1060 is between 25 cm and 10 m, and advantageously between 50 cm and 5 m,
- the height between the base of the post 1060 and the base of the sole 1020 is between 25cm and 4m, and advantageously between 50cm and 2m.
- the depth of insertion of a post 1060 in the at least one sole 1020 is between 2 cm and 60 cm, and advantageously between 5 cm and 30 cm. According to one embodiment, the insertion depth of a post 1060 in the at least one base 1020 is between 2 cm and 60 cm, and preferably between 5 cm and 30 cm.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1463456A FR3031168B1 (fr) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Infrastructure de champ de reflecteurs |
PCT/EP2015/081216 WO2016107816A1 (fr) | 2014-12-30 | 2015-12-23 | Infrastructure de champ de réflecteurs |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3240977A1 true EP3240977A1 (fr) | 2017-11-08 |
Family
ID=53177578
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP15820535.1A Withdrawn EP3240977A1 (fr) | 2014-12-30 | 2015-12-23 | Infrastructure de champ de réflecteurs |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3240977A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3031168B1 (fr) |
MA (1) | MA41286A (fr) |
TN (1) | TN2017000264A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2016107816A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4266917A (en) * | 1979-04-11 | 1981-05-12 | Gomaco, Inc. | Method and machine for slip forming median barrier walls for highways |
US4789266A (en) * | 1987-11-27 | 1988-12-06 | Power Curbers, Inc. | Self-propelled construction apparatus |
US5173309A (en) * | 1990-08-21 | 1992-12-22 | Belarde John F | Apparatus for forming concrete barriers |
NL1008356C2 (nl) * | 1998-02-19 | 1999-08-20 | Suria Holdings Sarl | Inrichting voor het verwarmen met zonne-energie. |
EP2171369A4 (fr) * | 2007-06-08 | 2014-07-30 | Esolar Inc | Système de capteur solaire pour applications thermiques solaires |
IL202552A0 (en) * | 2009-12-06 | 2010-06-30 | Ami Dayan | A solar collector apparatus |
US20130146124A1 (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-06-13 | Smart Solar International, Inc. | Large-scale integrated radiant energy collector |
-
2014
- 2014-12-30 FR FR1463456A patent/FR3031168B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-12-22 MA MA041286A patent/MA41286A/fr unknown
- 2015-12-23 TN TN2017000264A patent/TN2017000264A1/fr unknown
- 2015-12-23 WO PCT/EP2015/081216 patent/WO2016107816A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2015-12-23 EP EP15820535.1A patent/EP3240977A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR3031168B1 (fr) | 2021-07-23 |
FR3031168A1 (fr) | 2016-07-01 |
MA41286A (fr) | 2017-11-07 |
TN2017000264A1 (fr) | 2018-10-19 |
WO2016107816A1 (fr) | 2016-07-07 |
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