EP3233332B1 - Metal injection nozzle for injection molding a liquid metal component - Google Patents

Metal injection nozzle for injection molding a liquid metal component Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3233332B1
EP3233332B1 EP15822909.6A EP15822909A EP3233332B1 EP 3233332 B1 EP3233332 B1 EP 3233332B1 EP 15822909 A EP15822909 A EP 15822909A EP 3233332 B1 EP3233332 B1 EP 3233332B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
base part
distributor element
distributor
metal
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EP15822909.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3233332A1 (en
Inventor
Ingo Brexeler
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Gebr Krallmann GmbH
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Gebr Krallmann GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
    • B22D17/2023—Nozzles or shot sleeves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
    • B22D17/2038—Heating, cooling or lubricating the injection unit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a metal spray nozzle for injection molding a liquid metal component according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a component to be produced can either consist entirely of metal, but alternatively it is also possible to inject a metal component onto a prefabricated component, which can be made of plastic, for example.
  • metal melt In order to properly spray a molten metal melt, it must have a low viscosity, i.e. be very fluid. Metal alloys are therefore usually used. In addition, it is necessary to heat the metal melt in the metal spray nozzle, with which it is injected into a cavity of a tool or a mold, or to keep it at a predetermined temperature and thus to keep it flowable.
  • a nozzle around metal spraying which has a single nozzle opening, which can be closed with a needle valve.
  • the nozzle opening is formed in a nozzle head which can be cooled by means of a cooling device, so that the metal located in the sprue area can solidify and can be liquefied again by heating in a later process step.
  • a nozzle which has a nozzle head which has a plurality of nozzle openings for the melt outlet.
  • the nozzle head is interchangeably attached to a nozzle tube by means of a screw thread and has a base part in which a through channel connected to the melt channel is formed.
  • a distributor element which is held interchangeably on the base part and in which a plurality of branch channels are formed, each of which opens into a nozzle opening.
  • nozzle or at least the distributor element to the material to be processed is adjusted.
  • a disadvantage of this nozzle is that it is not possible to adapt to different materials with regard to the ambient conditions and in particular with regard to the ambient temperature.
  • the DE 695 910 751 T2 shows a nozzle of several elements connected in series, which is designed to correct positioning errors by the individual parts of the nozzle are adjustable relative to each other. It is not possible to adapt the ambient temperature to the material to be processed.
  • the DE 23 38 458 A1 shows a nozzle, in the nozzle head both a cooling device and a heating device is integrated. When the nozzle head is replaced, the heating device and the cooling device are therefore also always replaced. This is very complex since the corresponding connections must also be disconnected and then reconnected.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a nozzle of the type mentioned, which can be easily adapted to different materials with regard to the ambient temperature.
  • a metal spray nozzle with the features of claim 1. It is provided in a known manner that the nozzle head is interchangeable at least in sections and has a base part in which a passage channel connected to the melt channel is formed, and a distributor element arranged downstream of the base part, in the distributor element a plurality of branch channels are formed, each of which opens into a nozzle opening.
  • the basic consideration is assumed that the nozzle tube of the metal spray nozzle, which forms a melt channel, is not formed in one piece with the nozzle head, but rather that the nozzle head is either completely or at least partially replaceable on the nozzle tube. In this way it is possible to adapt the number of nozzle openings and also their relative position to the requirements of the component to be manufactured by changing the nozzle head.
  • the nozzle head is constructed in at least two parts and has a base part in which a through-channel connected to the melt channel is formed. At least one heating element is integrated in the base part, which is preferably an electrical resistance heating element. As an alternative or in addition to this, heating channels can also be provided through which a hot fluid and in particular a hot liquid flow.
  • a distributor element for example in the form of a distributor plate, is arranged on the side of the base part facing away from the nozzle pipe and thus downstream of the base part.
  • a plurality of branch channels are formed in the distributor element, each of which opens into a nozzle opening and is connected on its upstream side to the through-channel and thus to the melt channel.
  • the distributor element is held interchangeably on the base part.
  • the nozzle head in its entirety, i.e. including the base part and the distributor element, but it is also possible to leave the base part and only replace the distributor element.
  • the base part with its integrated heating elements can be used together with different distributor elements, since the base part essentially forms a supporting function for the distributor element and ensures that the molten metal is kept at a desired temperature. If very high temperatures are required for special metal melts, it may be necessary to replace the base part, which is ensured by the detachable attachment.
  • At least one cooling element is arranged in the distributor element.
  • the cooling element can be, for example, one or more cooling channels through which a cooled fluid, in particular a liquid, or an electrical cooling element, for example a Peltier element.
  • a distributor chamber is formed in the distributor element, which is preferably connected to the through-channel of the base part or connects directly to it and from which the branch channels branch off.
  • branch channels are fundamentally arbitrary, but in practice it has proven useful to provide three to seven and preferably four or five branch channels. However, the invention is not limited to this.
  • distributor elements Due to the interchangeability of the distributor element, it is possible for a user to optionally attach distributor elements of different designs to the base part.
  • the distributor elements can have different shapes and sizes. Additionally or alternatively, distributor elements with a different number and mutual arrangement of branch channels and nozzle openings can also be used.
  • At least one cooling element is preferably assigned to each branch channel.
  • the cooling elements can be used to cool the molten metal in the area of the nozzle opening to the extent that it solidifies and the metal spray nozzle is thus thermally sealed. If the injection molding process is to be continued, the cooling of the molten metal is interrupted and / or the molten metal is heated, as a result of which it liquefies again and the nozzle openings are released again.
  • the cooling elements can be controlled individually and / or in groups. This makes it possible, if necessary, to close only some of the nozzle openings by cooling and solidifying the molten metal and / or, if necessary, to open only some of the nozzle openings closed by the solidified molten metal by liquefying the molten metal.
  • the exchangeable nozzle head or the exchangeable distributor element it is also possible to use nozzle heads or distributor elements which have different geometrical configurations on their end face facing away from the base part, in which the nozzle openings are formed.
  • the end face of the distributor element facing away from the base part is flat and preferably at a right angle to the exit direction of the molten metal.
  • the end face of the distributor element facing away from the base part has at least one protruding projection, in which at least one nozzle opening is formed.
  • the end face of the nozzle head or the distributor element is thus structured in a terrace-like manner and can thus be changed with regard to the flow paths of the molten metal within the nozzle head and can also be adapted to the geometry of a component to be sprayed.
  • the invention thus describes an exchangeable nozzle head with preferably a plurality of branch channels for distributing the solder melt.
  • the branch channels are surrounded by integrated channels for a cooling medium that are arranged in one plane (2D) or in space (3D) and through which a cooling medium flows after the end of an injection process, so that the molten metal cools below the solidification point.
  • the nozzle head is preferably cooled to a temperature of 5 ° C to 100 ° C below the solidus temperature.
  • the nozzle head later heats up the nozzle head preferably to 10 ° C to 150 ° C above the liquidus temperature.
  • the sections on the component to be sprayed can have different cross sections.
  • the end face of the nozzle head can be two-dimensional and three-dimensional.
  • Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a metal spray nozzle 10 according to the invention.
  • the metal spray nozzle 10 has a nozzle tube 11, only partially shown, in which a melt channel 12 is formed, to which a metal melt is supplied in a manner not shown, as indicated by the arrow S.
  • nozzle tube heaters 13 arranged offset in its axial longitudinal extent, which are preferably electrical resistance heaters.
  • the nozzle tube 11 is connected to a nozzle head 14.
  • the nozzle head 14 has a base part 15 adjoining the nozzle tube 11, in which a through-channel 18 is formed which is aligned with the melt channel 12 of the nozzle tube 11 and merges smoothly into the latter.
  • a plurality of heating elements 16 are arranged in the base part 15, by means of which the metal melt located in the through-channel 18 can be heated or kept at a predetermined temperature.
  • a recess 21 is formed in the base part 15.
  • a distributor element 17 which can for example be plate-shaped, has an extension 22 which is complementary to the shape of the recess 21 and which can be inserted into the recess 21 with a close fit.
  • the distributor element 17 can be fixed to the base part 15, the engagement of the insert 22 in the recess 21 ensuring that the distributor element 17 is correctly positioned relative to the base part 15.
  • a distributor chamber 19 is formed on the upstream side, which is connected to the through channel 18 and merges smoothly into it.
  • Several of the distribution chamber 19 branch Branch channels 20, which open on the downstream end face 26 of the distributor element 17 facing away from the base part 15, each forming a nozzle opening 25.
  • a plurality of cooling elements 23 are formed in the distributor element 17, for example in the form of cooling channels through which cooling liquid flows.
  • the cooling elements 23 can be controlled individually and / or in groups.
  • the downstream end face 26 of the distributor element 17 is structured in terms of height with at least one protruding projection 24, at least one nozzle opening 25 being formed in the projection 24.
  • Figure 2 shows the front view II of the metal spray nozzle 10 according to Figure 1 , It can be seen from this that in the exemplary embodiment shown, four branch channels 20 with four nozzle openings 25 are provided, the nozzle openings 25 lying on an arc of a circle and each being arranged offset by 90 ° to one another.
  • Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment with respect to the arrangement of the nozzle openings 25, these being arranged in any pattern on the end face 26 of the distributor element 17.
  • Figure 4 shows a distributor element 17 with a fundamentally different shape in that it is designed as an elongated cuboid, in which five nozzle openings 25 are arranged uniformly in a row distributed over the height.
  • Figure 5 shows a modification of the distributor element 17 according to Figure 4 , Now the five nozzle openings 25 are formed in any relative orientation.
  • the branch channels 20 and the nozzle openings 25 are preferably dimensioned such that the same amount of metal melt emerges from the nozzle openings.
  • the metal spray nozzle 10 is to be adapted to other spraying requirements, in most cases it is sufficient to detach the distributor element 17 from the base part 15 and to replace it with another distributor element, which preferably has a different shape and size and / or a different number and Has arrangement of branch channels and nozzle openings.
  • the cooling elements 23 in the distributor element 17 are activated, the metal melt which is located in the region of the nozzle openings 25 within the branch channels 20 solidifying, as a result of which the metal spray nozzle is closed. If the injection molding process is to be restarted, the cooling elements 23 are either switched off or their cooling effect is reduced and, if necessary, the heating elements 16 of the base part 15 are activated, as a result of which the molten metal, which is located in the branch channels 20, is heated and liquefied, so that the metal spray nozzle 10 is released again.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Metallspritzdüse zum Spritzgießen einer flüssigen Metall-Komponente gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a metal spray nozzle for injection molding a liquid metal component according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Verfahren und Vorrichtungen bekannt, um eine Metallschmelze in einem Spritzgusswerkzeug zu verwenden. Dabei kann ein herzustellendes Bauteil entweder vollständig aus Metall bestehen, alternativ ist es jedoch auch möglich, eine Metall-Komponente an ein vorgefertigtes Bauteil anzuspritzen, das beispielsweise aus Kunststoff bestehen kann.Various methods and devices are known from the prior art for using a molten metal in an injection molding tool. A component to be produced can either consist entirely of metal, but alternatively it is also possible to inject a metal component onto a prefabricated component, which can be made of plastic, for example.

Um eine flüssige Metallschmelze ordnungsgemäß spritzen zu können, muss diese eine geringe Viskosität aufweisen, d.h. sehr fließfähig sein. Üblicherweise finden deshalb Metall-Legierungen Verwendung. Zusätzlich ist es notwendig, die Metall-Schmelze in der Metallspritzdüse, mit der sie in eine Kavität eines Werkzeugs oder einer Form eingespritzt wird, zu erwärmen bzw. auf einer vorbestimmten Temperatur und somit fließfähig zu halten.In order to properly spray a molten metal melt, it must have a low viscosity, i.e. be very fluid. Metal alloys are therefore usually used. In addition, it is necessary to heat the metal melt in the metal spray nozzle, with which it is injected into a cavity of a tool or a mold, or to keep it at a predetermined temperature and thus to keep it flowable.

Aus der DE 10 2012 009 790 A1 ist eine Düse um Spritzen von Metall bekannt, die eine einzelne Düsenöffnung aufweist, die mittels eines Nadelventils verschlossen werden kann. Die Düsenöffnung ist dabei in einem Düsenkopf ausgebildet, der mittels einer Kühlvorrichtung gekühlt werden kann, so dass das im Angussbereich befindliche Metall erstarrt und in einem späteren Verfahrensschritt wieder durch Erwärmung verflüssigt werden kann.From the DE 10 2012 009 790 A1 a nozzle around metal spraying is known which has a single nozzle opening, which can be closed with a needle valve. The nozzle opening is formed in a nozzle head which can be cooled by means of a cooling device, so that the metal located in the sprue area can solidify and can be liquefied again by heating in a later process step.

Es hat sich gezeigt, dass es in der Praxis häufig gewünscht ist, die Anzahl und/oder die Lage der Düsenöffnungen in Abhängigkeit von dem zu spritzenden Bauteil zu verändern. Bei der Metallspritzdüse gemäß der DE 10 2012 009 790 A1 ist es dazu notwendig, die Düse in ihrer Gesamtheit auszubauen, was nicht nur zeitaufwändig, sondern auch kosten-intensiv ist.It has been shown that in practice it is often desirable to change the number and / or the position of the nozzle openings as a function of the component to be sprayed. With the metal spray nozzle according to the DE 10 2012 009 790 A1 it is necessary to remove the nozzle in its entirety, which is not only time-consuming but also cost-intensive.

In der US 3,568,256 A , von der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ausgegangen wird, ist eine Düse gezeigt, die einen Düsenkopf besitzt, der mehrere Düsenöffnungen für den Schmelze-Austritt aufweist. Der Düsenkopf ist über ein Schraubgewinde auswechselbar an einem Düsenrohr angebracht und besitzt ein Grundteil, in dem ein mit dem Schmelzekanal in Verbindung stehender Durchgangskanal ausgebildet ist. Stromab des Grundteils ist ein Verteilerelement angeordnet, das auswechselbar am Grundteil gehalten ist und in dem mehrere Zweigkanäle ausgebildet sind, die jeweils in einer Düsenöffnung münden. Durch diesen modularen Aufbau der Düse kann diese entweder vollständig ausgewechselt werden, indem das Grundteil zusammen mit dem Verteilerelement abgeschraubt wird, es ist jedoch auch möglich, das Grundteil zu belassen und lediglich das Verteilerelement von dem Grundteil zu lösen. Auf diese Weise ist eine gewisse Anpassbarkeit der gesamten Vorrichtung an unterschiedliche Materialien möglich, indem die Düse oder zumindest das Verteilerelement an das zu verarbeitende Material angepasst wird. Nachteilig bei dieser Düse ist jedoch, dass eine Anpassung an unterschiedliche Materialien hinsichtlich der Umgebungsbedingungen und insbesondere hinsichtlich der Umgebungstemperatur nicht möglich ist.In the US 3,568,256 A , from which the preamble of claim 1 is based, shows a nozzle which has a nozzle head which has a plurality of nozzle openings for the melt outlet. The nozzle head is interchangeably attached to a nozzle tube by means of a screw thread and has a base part in which a through channel connected to the melt channel is formed. Arranged downstream of the base part is a distributor element which is held interchangeably on the base part and in which a plurality of branch channels are formed, each of which opens into a nozzle opening. This modular construction of the nozzle means that it can either be completely replaced by unscrewing the base part together with the distributor element, but it is also possible to leave the base part in place and only detach the distributor element from the base part. In this way, a certain adaptability of the entire device to different materials is possible by the nozzle or at least the distributor element to the material to be processed is adjusted. A disadvantage of this nozzle, however, is that it is not possible to adapt to different materials with regard to the ambient conditions and in particular with regard to the ambient temperature.

Die DE 695 910 751 T2 zeigt eine Düse aus mehreren hintereinander geschalteten Elementen, die darauf ausgerichtet ist, Positionierfehler zu korrigieren, indem die einzelnen Teile der Düse relativ zueinander verstellbar sind. Eine Anpassung der Umgebungstemperatur an das zu verarbeitende Material ist nicht möglich.The DE 695 910 751 T2 shows a nozzle of several elements connected in series, which is designed to correct positioning errors by the individual parts of the nozzle are adjustable relative to each other. It is not possible to adapt the ambient temperature to the material to be processed.

Die DE 23 38 458 A1 zeigt eine Düse, in deren Düsenkopf sowohl eine Kühlvorrichtung als auch eine Heizvorrichtung integriert ist. Beim Auswechseln des Düsenkopfes werden somit immer auch die Heizvorrichtung und die Kühlvorrichtung ausgewechselt. Dies ist sehr aufwändig, da gleichzeitig auch die entsprechenden Anschlüsse gelöst und anschließend wieder angeschlossen werden müssen.The DE 23 38 458 A1 shows a nozzle, in the nozzle head both a cooling device and a heating device is integrated. When the nozzle head is replaced, the heating device and the cooling device are therefore also always replaced. This is very complex since the corresponding connections must also be disconnected and then reconnected.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Düse der genannten Art zu schaffen, die in einfacher Weise hinsichtlich der Umgebungstemperatur an unterschiedliche Materialien anpassbar ist.The invention has for its object to provide a nozzle of the type mentioned, which can be easily adapted to different materials with regard to the ambient temperature.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Metallspritzdüse mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Dabei ist in bekannter Weise vorgesehen, dass der Düsenkopf zumindest abschnittsweise auswechselbar ist und ein Grundteil, in dem ein mit dem Schmelzekanal in Verbindung stehender Durchgangskanal ausgebildet ist, und ein stromab des Grundteils angeordnetes Verteilerelement aufweist, wobei in dem Verteilerelement mehrere Zweigkanäle ausgebildet sind, die jeweils in einer Düsenöffnung münden.This object is achieved according to the invention by a metal spray nozzle with the features of claim 1. It is provided in a known manner that the nozzle head is interchangeable at least in sections and has a base part in which a passage channel connected to the melt channel is formed, and a distributor element arranged downstream of the base part, in the distributor element a plurality of branch channels are formed, each of which opens into a nozzle opening.

Erfindungsgemäß wird von der Grundüberlegung ausgegangen, das Düsenrohr der Metallspritzdüse, das einen Schmelzekanal bildet, nicht einstückig mit dem Düsenkopf auszubilden, sondern den Düsenkopf entweder vollständig oder zumindest abschnittsweise auswechselbar am Düsenrohr anzubringen. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, durch Auswechseln des Düsenkopfes die Anzahl der Düsenöffnungen und auch deren relative Position an die Anforderungen des jeweils herzustellenden Bauteils anzupassen.According to the invention, the basic consideration is assumed that the nozzle tube of the metal spray nozzle, which forms a melt channel, is not formed in one piece with the nozzle head, but rather that the nozzle head is either completely or at least partially replaceable on the nozzle tube. In this way it is possible to adapt the number of nozzle openings and also their relative position to the requirements of the component to be manufactured by changing the nozzle head.

Dabei ist vorgesehen, dass der Düsenkopf zumindest zweiteilig aufgebaut ist und ein Grundteil aufweist, in dem ein mit dem Schmelzekanal in Verbindung stehender Durchgangskanal ausgebildet ist. In das Grundteil ist zumindest ein Heizelement integriert, wobei es sich vorzugsweise um ein elektrisches Widerstands-Heizelement handelt. Alternativ oder zusätzlich dazu können auch Heizkanäle vorgesehen sein, die von einem heißen Fluid und insbesondere einer heißen Flüssigkeit durchströmt sind.It is provided that the nozzle head is constructed in at least two parts and has a base part in which a through-channel connected to the melt channel is formed. At least one heating element is integrated in the base part, which is preferably an electrical resistance heating element. As an alternative or in addition to this, heating channels can also be provided through which a hot fluid and in particular a hot liquid flow.

Auf der dem Düsenrohr abgewandten Seite des Grundteils und somit stromab des Grundteils ist ein Verteilerelement beispielsweise in Form einer Verteilerplatte angeordnet. In dem Verteilerelement sind mehrere Zweigkanäle ausgebildet, die jeweils in einer Düsenöffnung münden und auf ihrer stromauf liegenden Seite mit dem Durchgangskanal und somit mit dem Schmelzekanal verbunden sind. Das Verteilerelement ist auswechselbar am Grundteil gehalten.A distributor element, for example in the form of a distributor plate, is arranged on the side of the base part facing away from the nozzle pipe and thus downstream of the base part. A plurality of branch channels are formed in the distributor element, each of which opens into a nozzle opening and is connected on its upstream side to the through-channel and thus to the melt channel. The distributor element is held interchangeably on the base part.

Um die Metallspritzdüse an die spritztechnischen Anforderungen anzupassen, kann entweder der Düsenkopf in seiner Gesamtheit, d.h. einschließlich des Grundteils und des Verteilerelementes ausgetauscht werden, es ist jedoch auch möglich, das Grundteil zu belassen, und lediglich das Verteilerelement auszutauschen. Das Grundteil mit seinen integrierten Heizelementen kann zusammen mit unterschiedlichen Verteilerelementen verwendet werden, da das Grundteil im Wesentlichen eine Tragfunktion für das Verteilerelement bildet und dafür sorgt, dass die Metallschmelze auf einer vorgewünschten Temperatur gehalten wird. Falls bei speziellen Metallschmelzen sehr hohe Temperaturen gewünscht sind, kann es notwendig sein, auch das Grundteil auszuwechseln, was durch die lösbare Anbringung gewährleistet ist.In order to adapt the metal spray nozzle to the spraying requirements, either the nozzle head in its entirety, i.e. including the base part and the distributor element, but it is also possible to leave the base part and only replace the distributor element. The base part with its integrated heating elements can be used together with different distributor elements, since the base part essentially forms a supporting function for the distributor element and ensures that the molten metal is kept at a desired temperature. If very high temperatures are required for special metal melts, it may be necessary to replace the base part, which is ensured by the detachable attachment.

Üblicherweise wird bei Anpassung der Metallspritzdüse an die spritztechnischen Anforderungen jedoch lediglich das Verteilerelement vom Grundteil gelöst und gegen ein anderes Verteilerelement ausgetauscht.Usually, however, when the metal spray nozzle is adapted to the spraying requirements, only the distributor element is detached from the base part and replaced with another distributor element.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass in dem Verteilerelement zumindest ein Kühlelement angeordnet ist. Bei dem Kühlelement kann es sich beispielsweise um einen oder mehrere von einem gekühlten Fluid, insbesondere einer Flüssigkeit durchströmte Kühlkanäle oder auch um ein elektrisches Kühlelement, beispielweise ein Peltier-Element handeln.According to the invention it is provided that at least one cooling element is arranged in the distributor element. The cooling element can be, for example, one or more cooling channels through which a cooled fluid, in particular a liquid, or an electrical cooling element, for example a Peltier element.

In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass in dem Verteilerelement eine Verteilerkammer ausgebildet ist, die vorzugsweise mit dem Durchgangskanal des Grundteils verbunden ist oder direkt an diese anschließt und von der aus die Zweigkanäle abzweigen.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that a distributor chamber is formed in the distributor element, which is preferably connected to the through-channel of the base part or connects directly to it and from which the branch channels branch off.

Die Anzahl der Zweigkanäle ist grundsätzlich beliebig, jedoch hat sich in der Praxis bewährt, drei bis sieben und vorzugsweise vier oder fünf Zweigkanäle vorzusehen. Jedoch ist die Erfindung darauf nicht beschränkt.The number of branch channels is fundamentally arbitrary, but in practice it has proven useful to provide three to seven and preferably four or five branch channels. However, the invention is not limited to this.

Aufgrund der Auswechselbarkeit des Verteilerelementes ist es möglich, dass ein Benutzer an dem Grundteil wahlweise Verteilerelemente unterschiedlicher Ausgestaltung anbringen kann. Die Verteilerelemente können dabei unterschiedliche Form und Größe besitzen. Zusätzlich oder alternativ dazu können auch Verteilerelemente mit einer unterschiedlichen Anzahl und gegenseitigen Anordnung von Zweigkanälen und Düsenöffnungen verwendet werden.Due to the interchangeability of the distributor element, it is possible for a user to optionally attach distributor elements of different designs to the base part. The distributor elements can have different shapes and sizes. Additionally or alternatively, distributor elements with a different number and mutual arrangement of branch channels and nozzle openings can also be used.

Vorzugsweise ist jedem Zweigkanal zumindest ein Kühlelement zugeordnet. Die Kühlelemente können dazu verwendet werden, die Metallschmelze im Bereich der Düsenöffnung bei Bedarf soweit abzukühlen, dass sie erstarrt und damit die Metallspritzdüse in thermischer Weise verschlossen wird. Wenn der Spritzgussvorgang fortgesetzt werden soll, wird die Kühlung der Metallschmelze unterbrochen und/oder die Metallschmelze erwärmt, wodurch sie sich wieder verflüssigt und die Düsenöffnungen wieder freigegeben sind.At least one cooling element is preferably assigned to each branch channel. The cooling elements can be used to cool the molten metal in the area of the nozzle opening to the extent that it solidifies and the metal spray nozzle is thus thermally sealed. If the injection molding process is to be continued, the cooling of the molten metal is interrupted and / or the molten metal is heated, as a result of which it liquefies again and the nozzle openings are released again.

Um einzelne Düsenöffnungen bei Bedarf zu verschließen oder verschlossen zu halten, kann in Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen sein, dass die Kühlelemente einzeln und/oder gruppenweise ansteuerbar sind. Dies ermöglicht es, bei Bedarf nur einige der Düsenöffnungen durch Kühlung und Erstarren der Metallschmelze zu verschließen und/oder bei Bedarf nur einige der durch die erstarrte Metallschmelze verschlossenen Düsenöffnungen durch Verflüssigung der Metall-schmelze wieder freizugeben.In order to close or keep closed individual nozzle openings as required, it can be provided in a development of the invention that the cooling elements can be controlled individually and / or in groups. This makes it possible, if necessary, to close only some of the nozzle openings by cooling and solidifying the molten metal and / or, if necessary, to open only some of the nozzle openings closed by the solidified molten metal by liquefying the molten metal.

Mit Hilfe des auswechselbaren Düsenkopfes bzw. des auswechselbaren Verteilerelementes ist es auch möglich, Düsenköpfe bzw. Verteilerelemente zu verwenden, die auf ihrer dem Grundteil abgewandten Stirnseite, in der die Düsenöffnungen ausgebildet sind, unterschiedliche geometrische Ausgestaltungen besitzen. In einer möglichen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die dem Grundteil abgewandte Stirnseite des Verteilerelementes eben und vorzugsweise in einem rechten Winkel zur Austrittsrichtung der Metallschmelze ausgebildet ist.With the help of the exchangeable nozzle head or the exchangeable distributor element, it is also possible to use nozzle heads or distributor elements which have different geometrical configurations on their end face facing away from the base part, in which the nozzle openings are formed. In a possible embodiment of the invention it is provided that the end face of the distributor element facing away from the base part is flat and preferably at a right angle to the exit direction of the molten metal.

Alternativ dazu kann vorgesehen sein, dass die dem Grundteil abgewandte Stirnseite des Verteilerelementes zumindest einen hervorstehenden Ansatz aufweist, in dem zumindest eine Düsenöffnung ausgebildet ist. Somit ist die Stirnseite des Düsenkopfes bzw. des Verteilerelementes terrassenförmig strukturiert und kann damit hinsichtlich der Fließwege der Metallschmelze innerhalb des Düsenkopfes verändert und auch an die Geometrie eines zu spritzenden Bauteils angepasst werden.Alternatively, it can be provided that the end face of the distributor element facing away from the base part has at least one protruding projection, in which at least one nozzle opening is formed. The end face of the nozzle head or the distributor element is thus structured in a terrace-like manner and can thus be changed with regard to the flow paths of the molten metal within the nozzle head and can also be adapted to the geometry of a component to be sprayed.

Die Erfindung beschreibt somit einen auswechselbaren Düsenkopf mit vorzugsweise mehreren Zweigkanälen für das Verteilen der Lotschmelze. Dabei sind die Zweigkanäle von integrierten in einer Ebene (2D) oder im Raum (3D) angeordneten Kanälen für ein Kühlmedium umgeben, die nach Beendigung eines Einspritzvorgangs mit einem Kühlmedium durchströmt werden, so dass die Metallschmelze unterhalb des Erstarrungspunktes abkühlt. Der Düsenkopf wird bevorzugt auf eine Temperatur von 5°C bis 100°C unterhalb der Solidustemperatur abgekühlt. Durch die darunterliegende Heizvorrichtung wird der Düsenkopf später bevorzugt auf 10°C bis 150°C oberhalb der Liquidustemperatur aufgeheizt. Um eine gleichmäßige Druckverteilung zu gewährleisten, können die Abschnitte an das zu spritzende Bauteil unterschiedliche Querschnitte aufweisen. Die Stirnseite des Düsenkopfes kann dabei zweidimensional als auch dreidimensional ausgebildet sein.The invention thus describes an exchangeable nozzle head with preferably a plurality of branch channels for distributing the solder melt. The branch channels are surrounded by integrated channels for a cooling medium that are arranged in one plane (2D) or in space (3D) and through which a cooling medium flows after the end of an injection process, so that the molten metal cools below the solidification point. The nozzle head is preferably cooled to a temperature of 5 ° C to 100 ° C below the solidus temperature. The nozzle head later heats up the nozzle head preferably to 10 ° C to 150 ° C above the liquidus temperature. In order to ensure a uniform pressure distribution, the sections on the component to be sprayed can have different cross sections. The end face of the nozzle head can be two-dimensional and three-dimensional.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Merkmale der Erfindung sind aus der folgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung ersichtlich. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Metallspritzdüse,
Fig. 2
die Ansicht II der Stirnseite der Memtallspritzdüse gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine Fig. 2 entsprechende Ansicht einer alternativen Ausgestaltung,
Fig. 4
eine stirnseitige Ansicht einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Metallspritzdüse und
Fig. 5
eine Fig. 4 entsprechend stirnseitige Ansicht einer abgewandelten Ausgestaltung.
Further details and features of the invention are apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
2 shows a longitudinal section through a metal spray nozzle according to the invention,
Fig. 2
the view II of the end face of the metal spray nozzle according to Fig. 1 .
Fig. 3
a Fig. 2 corresponding view of an alternative embodiment,
Fig. 4
an end view of another embodiment of the metal spray nozzle and
Fig. 5
a Fig. 4 corresponding to the front view of a modified configuration.

Figur 1 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Metallspritzdüse 10. Die Metallspritzdüse 10 besitzt ein nur teilweise dargestelltes Düsenrohr 11, in dem ein Schmelzekanal 12 ausgebildet ist, dem in nicht näher dargestellter Weise eine Metallschmelze zugeführt wird, wie es durch den Pfeil S angedeutet ist. Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a metal spray nozzle 10 according to the invention. The metal spray nozzle 10 has a nozzle tube 11, only partially shown, in which a melt channel 12 is formed, to which a metal melt is supplied in a manner not shown, as indicated by the arrow S.

Auf der Außenseite des Düsenrohres 11 sind in dessen axialer Längserstreckung versetzt angeordnete Düsenrohrheizungen 13 vorgesehen, bei denen es sich vorzugsweise um elektrische Widerstandsheizungen handelt.On the outside of the nozzle tube 11 there are provided nozzle tube heaters 13 arranged offset in its axial longitudinal extent, which are preferably electrical resistance heaters.

An seinem in Strömungsrichtung der Metallschmelze stromab liegenden, gemäß Figur 1 linken Ende ist das Düsenrohr 11 an einen Düsenkopf 14 angeschlossen. Der Düsenkopf 14 weist ein an das Düsenrohr 11 angrenzendes Grundteil 15 auf, in dem ein Durchgangskanal 18 ausgebildet ist, der mit dem Schmelzekanal 12 des Düsenrohres 11 fluchtet und stufenlos in diesen übergeht. In dem Grundteil 15 sind mehrere Heizelemente 16 angeordnet, mit denen die im Durchgangskanal 18 befindliche Metallschmelze erwärmt bzw. auf einer vorbestimmten Temperatur gehalten werden kann.At its downstream in the flow direction of the molten metal, according to Figure 1 left end, the nozzle tube 11 is connected to a nozzle head 14. The nozzle head 14 has a base part 15 adjoining the nozzle tube 11, in which a through-channel 18 is formed which is aligned with the melt channel 12 of the nozzle tube 11 and merges smoothly into the latter. A plurality of heating elements 16 are arranged in the base part 15, by means of which the metal melt located in the through-channel 18 can be heated or kept at a predetermined temperature.

Auf seiner dem Düsenrohr 11 abgewandten, stromab liegenden Seite ist in dem Grundteil 15 eine Ausnehmung 21 ausgebildet.On its downstream side facing away from the nozzle tube 11, a recess 21 is formed in the base part 15.

Ein Verteilerelement 17, das beispielsweise plattenförmig ausgebildet sein kann, besitzt einen zur Form der Ausnehmung 21 komplementären Ansatz 22, der in die Ausnehmung 21 unter enger Passung eingesetzt werden kann. Das Verteilerelement 17 kann an dem Grundteil 15 fixiert werden, wobei der Eingriff des Einsatzes 22 in die Ausnehmung 21 sicherstellt, dass das Verteilerelement 17 korrekt relativ zum Grundteil 15 positioniert ist.A distributor element 17, which can for example be plate-shaped, has an extension 22 which is complementary to the shape of the recess 21 and which can be inserted into the recess 21 with a close fit. The distributor element 17 can be fixed to the base part 15, the engagement of the insert 22 in the recess 21 ensuring that the distributor element 17 is correctly positioned relative to the base part 15.

Im Inneren des Verteilerelementes 17 ist auf der stromauf liegenden Seite eine Verteilerkammer 19 ausgebildet, die mit dem Durchgangskanal 18 in Verbindung steht und glatt in diesen übergeht. Von der Verteilerkammer 19 zweigen mehrere Zweigkanäle 20 ab, die auf der dem Grundteil 15 abgewandten, stromab liegenden Stirnseite 26 des Verteilerelementes 17 jeweils unter Bildung einer Düsenöffnung 25 münden. Im Bereich der Düsenöffnungen 25 bzw. Mündungen sind in dem Verteilerelement 17 mehrere Kühlelemente 23, beispielsweise in Form von mit Kühlflüssigkeit durchströmten Kühlkanälen ausgebildet. Die Kühlelemente 23 können einzeln und/oder gruppenweise angesteuert werden.In the interior of the distributor element 17, a distributor chamber 19 is formed on the upstream side, which is connected to the through channel 18 and merges smoothly into it. Several of the distribution chamber 19 branch Branch channels 20, which open on the downstream end face 26 of the distributor element 17 facing away from the base part 15, each forming a nozzle opening 25. In the area of the nozzle openings 25 or mouths, a plurality of cooling elements 23 are formed in the distributor element 17, for example in the form of cooling channels through which cooling liquid flows. The cooling elements 23 can be controlled individually and / or in groups.

Die stromab liegende Stirnseite 26 des Verteilerelementes 17 besitzt eine höhenmäßige Strukturierung mit zumindest einem hervorstehenden Ansatz 24, wobei in dem Ansatz 24 zumindest eine Düsenöffnung 25 ausgebildet ist.The downstream end face 26 of the distributor element 17 is structured in terms of height with at least one protruding projection 24, at least one nozzle opening 25 being formed in the projection 24.

Figur 2 zeigt die stirnseitige Ansicht II der Metallspritzdüse 10 gemäß Figur 1. Daraus ist ersichtlich, dass bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel vier Zweigkanäle 20 mit vier Düsenöffnungen 25 vorgesehen sind, wobei die Düsenöffnungen 25 auf einem Kreisbogen liegen und jeweils zueinander um 90° versetzt angeordnet sind. Figure 2 shows the front view II of the metal spray nozzle 10 according to Figure 1 , It can be seen from this that in the exemplary embodiment shown, four branch channels 20 with four nozzle openings 25 are provided, the nozzle openings 25 lying on an arc of a circle and each being arranged offset by 90 ° to one another.

Figur 3 zeigt eine alternative Ausgestaltung bezüglich der Anordnung der Düsenöffnungen 25, wobei diese in einem beliebigen Muster auf der Stirnseite 26 des Verteilerelementes 17 angeordnet sind. Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment with respect to the arrangement of the nozzle openings 25, these being arranged in any pattern on the end face 26 of the distributor element 17.

Figur 4 zeigt ein Verteilerelement 17 mit einer grundsätzlich anderen Form, indem es als langgestreckter Quader ausgebildet ist, in dem fünf Düsenöffnungen 25 gleichmäßig in einer Reihe über die Höhe verteilt angeordnet sind. Figure 4 shows a distributor element 17 with a fundamentally different shape in that it is designed as an elongated cuboid, in which five nozzle openings 25 are arranged uniformly in a row distributed over the height.

Figur 5 zeigt eine Abwandlung des Verteilerelementes 17 gemäß Figur 4, wobei nunmehr die fünf Düsenöffnungen 25 in beliebiger relativer Ausrichtung ausgebildet sind. Figure 5 shows a modification of the distributor element 17 according to Figure 4 , Now the five nozzle openings 25 are formed in any relative orientation.

Vorzugsweise sind die Zweigkanäle 20 und die Düsenöffnungen 25 so dimensioniert, dass an den Düsenöffnungen jeweils die gleiche Menge an Metallschmelze austritt.The branch channels 20 and the nozzle openings 25 are preferably dimensioned such that the same amount of metal melt emerges from the nozzle openings.

Wenn die Metallspritzdüse 10 an andere spritztechnische Anforderungen angepasst werden soll, ist es in den meisten Fällen ausreichend, das Verteilerelement 17 von dem Grundteil 15 zu lösen und gegen ein anderes Verteilerelement auszuwechseln, das vorzugsweise eine andere Form und Größe und/oder eine unterschiedliche Anzahl und Anordnung von Zweigkanälen und Düsenöffnungen besitzt.If the metal spray nozzle 10 is to be adapted to other spraying requirements, in most cases it is sufficient to detach the distributor element 17 from the base part 15 and to replace it with another distributor element, which preferably has a different shape and size and / or a different number and Has arrangement of branch channels and nozzle openings.

Nach Abschluss eines Spritzgussvorgangs werden die Kühlelemente 23 in dem Verteilerelement 17 aktiviert, wobei die Metallschmelze, die sich im Bereich der Düsenöffnungen 25 innerhalb der Zweigkanäle 20 befindet, erstarrt, wodurch die Metallspritzdüse verschlossen ist. Wenn der Spritzgussvorgang wieder aufgenommen werden soll, werden die Kühlelemente 23 entweder abgeschaltet oder in ihrer Kühlwirkung reduziert und gegebenenfalls die Heizelemente 16 des Grundteils 15 aktiviert, wodurch die Metallschmelze, die sich in den Zweigkanälen 20 befindet, erwärmt wird und verflüssigt, so dass die Metallspritzdüse 10 wieder freigegeben ist.After completion of an injection molding process, the cooling elements 23 in the distributor element 17 are activated, the metal melt which is located in the region of the nozzle openings 25 within the branch channels 20 solidifying, as a result of which the metal spray nozzle is closed. If the injection molding process is to be restarted, the cooling elements 23 are either switched off or their cooling effect is reduced and, if necessary, the heating elements 16 of the base part 15 are activated, as a result of which the molten metal, which is located in the branch channels 20, is heated and liquefied, so that the metal spray nozzle 10 is released again.

Claims (7)

  1. Metal injection nozzle (10) with a nozzle pipe (11) that forms a melt channel (12), and with a nozzle head (14) that has at least one nozzle opening (25) for the melt outlet, the nozzle head (14) being attached to the nozzle pipe (11) in a manner exchangeable at least in sections and having a base part (15), in which a passage channel (18) connected to the melt channel (12) is formed, and having a distributor element (17) arranged downstream of the base part (15), a multiplicity of branch channels (20), each of which ends in a nozzle opening (25), being formed in the distributor element (17) and the distributor element (17) being held in an exchangeable manner on the base part (15), characterized in that the nozzle pipe (11) can be heated by means of at least one nozzle pipe heating unit (13), in that at least one heating element (16) is integrated into the base part (15) and in that at least one cooling element (23) is arranged in the distributor element (17) .
  2. Metal injection nozzle according to Claim 1, characterized in that distributor elements (17) of different shape and size and/or with a different number and arrangement of branch channels (20) and nozzle openings (25) can be selectively attached to the base part (15).
  3. Metal injection nozzle according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a distributor chamber (19), out of which the branch channels (20) branch, is formed in the distributor element (17).
  4. Metal injection nozzle according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each branch channel (20) is assigned at least one cooling element (23).
  5. Metal injection nozzle according to Claim 4, characterized in that the cooling elements (23) can be activated individually and/or in groups.
  6. Metal injection nozzle according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a face side (26) of the distributor element (17) that faces away from the base part (15) is of planar form.
  7. Metal injection nozzle according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a face side (26) of the distributor element (17) that faces away from the base part (15) has at least one protruding projection (24), in which at least one of the nozzle openings (25) is formed.
EP15822909.6A 2014-12-19 2015-12-15 Metal injection nozzle for injection molding a liquid metal component Active EP3233332B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014018793.4A DE102014018793A1 (en) 2014-12-19 2014-12-19 Metal spray nozzle for injection molding a liquid metal component
PCT/EP2015/002518 WO2016096121A1 (en) 2014-12-19 2015-12-15 Metal injection nozzle for injection molding a liquid metal component

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EP3233332A1 EP3233332A1 (en) 2017-10-25
EP3233332B1 true EP3233332B1 (en) 2020-02-05

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WO (1) WO2016096121A1 (en)

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CN112694238A (en) * 2021-01-18 2021-04-23 武汉长利新材料科技有限公司 Large-tonnage one-kiln eight-wire thin photovoltaic glass melting furnace

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US3568256A (en) * 1968-07-15 1971-03-09 J & J Machine Co Inc Plastic feeder head
DE2338458A1 (en) * 1973-07-28 1975-02-06 Karl Hehl MULTIPLE NOZZLE OF ONE INJECTION MOLDING MACHINE
JPH02107417A (en) * 1988-10-17 1990-04-19 Sanri Kk Multigate tip piece device for synthetic resin injection molding machine
CA2010961C (en) * 1990-02-27 1997-03-11 Harald Schmidt Injection molding manifold having a pair of cooling bores on opposite sides of the melt passage
DE4032500C2 (en) * 1990-10-12 1994-12-08 Gellert Jobst U Process for producing a multi-component injection molded part and multi-mold injection molding device
CA2115613C (en) * 1994-02-14 2002-02-12 Jobst Ulrich Gellert Injection molding valve member sealing bushing with thin collar portion
US5522720A (en) * 1994-10-24 1996-06-04 Husky Injection Molding Systems Ltd. Injector nozzle with pivotally movable surfaces
DE102009048368B4 (en) * 2009-10-06 2013-07-04 Hasco Hasenclever Gmbh + Co Kg Injection nozzle for guiding melt mass, in particular in a plastic injection mold
DE102010033153B4 (en) * 2010-08-03 2020-06-18 Otto Männer Innovation GmbH Injection molding nozzle
DE102012009790A1 (en) 2012-05-18 2013-11-21 Gebr. Krallmann Gmbh Method for injection molding a liquid metal component and nozzle for spraying metal

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EP3233332A1 (en) 2017-10-25
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