EP3230505A1 - Textile cord having an at least triple twist - Google Patents

Textile cord having an at least triple twist

Info

Publication number
EP3230505A1
EP3230505A1 EP15807849.3A EP15807849A EP3230505A1 EP 3230505 A1 EP3230505 A1 EP 3230505A1 EP 15807849 A EP15807849 A EP 15807849A EP 3230505 A1 EP3230505 A1 EP 3230505A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
twist
cable
tex
cord
strands
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15807849.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3230505B1 (en
Inventor
Richard CORNILLE
Jérémy GUILLAUMAIN
Christophe Le Clerc
Augustin BOSQUET
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Original Assignee
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA filed Critical Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Publication of EP3230505A1 publication Critical patent/EP3230505A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3230505B1 publication Critical patent/EP3230505B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/48—Tyre cords
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
    • D07B1/025—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics comprising high modulus, or high tenacity, polymer filaments or fibres, e.g. liquid-crystal polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/104—Rope or cable structures twisted
    • D07B2201/1044—Rope or cable structures twisted characterised by a value or range of the pitch parameter given
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/104—Rope or cable structures twisted
    • D07B2201/1064—Rope or cable structures twisted characterised by lay direction of the strand compared to the lay direction of the wires in the strand
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
    • D07B2201/2025—Strands twisted characterised by a value or range of the pitch parameter given
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/2005—Elongation or elasticity
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00—Application field
    • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2046—Tire cords

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to textile reinforcing elements or "reinforcements" that can be used for reinforcing plastic articles or rubber articles such as tires for vehicles.
  • Textile cords made from continuous textile fibers such as polyester, nylon, cellulose or aramid fibers, play an important role in tires, including high-performance tires approved for use at very high speeds. To meet the requirements of the tires, they must have a high tensile strength, a high extension modulus, good fatigue endurance and finally good adhesion to rubber matrices or other polymers they are likely to strengthen.
  • these twisted or woven fabrics are prepared by a twisting process in which: during a first step, each yarn or multifilament fiber (English “yarn”) constitutive of the final cable is first individually twisted on itself (according to an initial twist Tl) in a given direction Dl (respectively S or Z direction), to form a strand (in English " strand ”) in which the elementary filaments are imposed helical deformation around the fiber axis (or axis of the strand);
  • strands generally two, three or four in number, of identical or different natures in the case of so-called hybrid or composite cords, are then twisted together according to a final twist T2 (which may be be equal to or different from T1) in the opposite direction D2 (respectively Z or S direction, according to a recognized nomenclature designating the orientation of the turns according to the transverse bar of an S or Z), to obtain the cable (in English "cord") or final assembly with several strands.
  • the role of the twisting is to adapt the properties of the material in order to create the transverse cohesion of the reinforcement, to increase its resistance to fatigue and also to improve the adhesion with the reinforced matrix.
  • the present invention relates to a textile cord with at least three twist (Tl, T2, T3), comprising at least N strands, N being greater than 1, twisted together in a twist T3 and a direction D2, each strand being constituted by M pre-strands, M being greater than 1, themselves twisted together in a twisting T2 and a direction D1 opposite to D2, each pre-strand itself consisting of a yarn which has been previously twisted on itself according to a twist T1 and the direction D1, in which at least half of the spun N times M has an initial modulus in extension noted Mi which is greater than 800 cN / tex.
  • the invention also relates to the use of such a textile cord as a reinforcement element for articles or semi-finished products made of plastic or rubber such as pipes, belts, conveyor belts, tires for vehicles and that these articles, semi-finished rubber products and tires themselves, both in the raw state (that is to say before cooking or vulcanization) and in the cooked state (after cooking).
  • a textile cord as a reinforcement element for articles or semi-finished products made of plastic or rubber such as pipes, belts, conveyor belts, tires for vehicles and that these articles, semi-finished rubber products and tires themselves, both in the raw state (that is to say before cooking or vulcanization) and in the cooked state (after cooking).
  • the tires of the invention may be intended for motor vehicles of the tourism, 4x4, SUV (Sport Utility Vehicles) type, but also for two-wheeled vehicles such as motorcycles, or for industrial vehicles. selected from vans, "heavy goods vehicles” - ie, metros, buses, road transport vehicles (trucks, tractors, trailers), off-the-road vehicles -, agricultural or civil engineering machinery, airplanes, other transport vehicles or Handling.
  • SUV Sport Utility Vehicles
  • the textile cord of the invention is particularly intended to be used in crown reinforcement (or belts) or in tire carcass reinforcement for the vehicles described above.
  • FIGS. 1 to 7 relating to these examples which are diagrammatic (unless otherwise indicated, without respecting a specific scale. ): in cross section, a conventional multifilament textile fiber (or spun), first in the initial state (5) that is to say devoid of torsion, then after a first Tl twist operation in the direction D1, for forming a twisted yarn on itself or "pre-stranded" (10) (Fig. 1);
  • any range of values designated by the expression "between a and b" represents the range of values from more than a to less than b (i.e., terminals a and b excluded) while any range of values designated by the expression “from a to b” means the range from a to b (i.e., including the strict limits a and b).
  • the cord or yarn of the invention is therefore (with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, and 5 appended) a textile cord (30, 50) of very specific construction, whose essential characteristics include: at least one triple (that is, three or more than three) torsion (T1, T2, T3);
  • N at least N strands (20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d), N being greater than 1, which are twisted together in a final twist T3 and the same final direction D2;
  • each strand consisting of M pre-strands (10, 10a, 10b, 10c), M being greater than 1, themselves twisted together according to an intermediate torsion T2 (T2a, T2b, T2c, T2d) and an intermediate direction D1 opposite at D2;
  • Tl initial twist
  • Tlb initial twist
  • Dl initial direction
  • at least three consecutive untwisting (or twisting) operations are therefore necessary for deconstruct the cable of the invention and "go back" to the initial yarns constituting it, that is to say, find the yarns (multifilamentary fibers) starting in their initial state that is to say devoid of torsion.
  • Another essential characteristic is that at least half of the yarns constituting the cord must have an initial modulus in extension Mi greater than 800 cN / tex (which excludes in particular nylon fibers), otherwise the gain in force-rupture and tenacity is not observed.
  • FIG. 1 schematizes, in transverse section, a conventional multifilament textile fiber (5), also called “yarn” (in English “yarn”), in the initial state, that is to say devoid of twist; in a well known manner, such a yarn is formed of a plurality of elementary filaments (50), typically several tens to several hundred, of very fine diameter generally less than 25 ⁇ .
  • pre-strand 10
  • the elementary filaments are thus imposed a helical deformation around the fiber axis (or axis of the pre-strand).
  • M pre-strands for example here three in number: 10a, 10b, 10c
  • T2 second twist
  • N strands (for example here three in number: 20a, 20b, 20c) are themselves twisted together, in the direction D2 opposite to D1, according to a final twist T3 (third twist ) for forming the final textile cord (30) according to the invention.
  • T1, T2, T3 a triple twist
  • the invention naturally applies to cases where more than three successive twists, for example four (Tl, T2, T3, T4) or five (Tl, T2, T3, T4, T5), would be applied to the yarns. (5) departure.
  • the invention is preferably implemented with only three successive operations of torsion (T1, T2, T3), especially for reasons of cost.
  • Figure 4 compared to Figure 3, illustrates a conventional method of preparing double twist textile cords.
  • M pre-strands for example here three in number, 10a, 10b, 10c
  • a double twist textile cord 40
  • T1, T2 a double twist textile cord
  • FIG. 5 schematizes, in cross-section, the assembly of 4 strands (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) (previously twisted according to T2a, T2b, T2c, T2d in the same direction D1) which are assembled by a third torsion operation T3 in the direction D2 opposite to the direction D1, for forming another example of a final cord (50) with triple torsion (T1, T2, T3) according to the invention.
  • Each strand is characterized by a second specific T2 twist (here, T2a, T2b, T2c, T2d) which may be equal to or different from one strand to another.
  • FIG. 6 represents, again in cross-section, another representation of the preceding cord (50), less schematic than the preceding one, recalling the well-known fact that the section of a textile cord, that it is moreover whether or not in accordance with the invention, once formed and under a minimum tension, is closer in fact to a cylindrical structure with a substantially circular section, because of the high radial, lateral plasticity of the strands (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) and pre-strands (10a, 10b, 10c), provided by the multifilament nature of the fibers (spun) starting.
  • a polymer spinning process such as, for example, melt spinning, solution spinning or gel spinning.
  • non-polymeric material for example mineral material such as glass or non-polymeric organic material such as carbon
  • the invention is preferably implemented with polymeric material materials, both thermoplastic type and non-thermoplastic type.
  • polymeric materials of the thermoplastic or non-thermoplastic type
  • celluloses in particular rayon, polyvinyl alcohols (abbreviated as "PVA”), polyketones, aramids (aromatic polyamides), aromatic polyesters.
  • PBO polybenzazoles
  • polyimides polyesters, especially those chosen from PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PEN (polyethylene naphthalate), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PBN (polybutylene naphthalate), PPT (polypropylene terephthalate) , PPN (polypropylene naphthalate).
  • the invention applies to cases where the textile cord of the invention is formed of several yarns of different materials to form a hybrid or composite cord, for example based on yarns of at least polyester and nylon, or polyester and cellulose, or polyester and polyketone, or polyketone and nylon, or cellulose and nylon, or cellulose and polyketone, or cellulose and aramid, or aramid and nylon, or aramid and polyester (eg PET or PEN), or aramid and polyketone, to mention just a few examples, at least half of the N times M spun with of course a Mi module greater than 800 cN / tex.
  • N preferably varies in a range from 2 to 6, more preferably from 2 to 4.
  • M varies in a range from 2 to 6, more preferably from 2 to 6. 4.
  • the total number of yarns (equal to N times M) is in a range from 4 to 25, more preferably from 4 to 16.
  • twists can be measured and expressed in two different ways, either simply and in a number of revolutions per meter (t / m), and this is more rigorous when would like to compare materials of different natures (densities) and / or titles, at helix angle of the filaments or what is equivalent in the form of a torsion factor K.
  • the torsion factor K is related to the torsion T (here, for example, respectively T1, T2 and T3) according to the following known relation:
  • K (Twisting T) x [(Title / (1000.p)] 1/2 in which the torsion T of the elementary filaments (constituting the pre-strand, strand or plied yarn) is expressed in revolutions per meter (t / m) , the title is expressed in tex (weight in grams of 1000 meters of pre-strand, strand or twisted), and finally p is the density or density (in g / cm 3 ) of the constituent material of the pre-strand, strand or plied (for example, about 1.50 g / cm 3 for cellulose, 1.44 g / cm 3 for aramid, 1.38 g / cm 3 for a polyester such as PET, 1.14 g / cm 3 for nylon); in the case of a hybrid cable, it is of course an average of the densities weighted by the respective titles of the constituent materials of the pre-strands, strands or twists.
  • the twist T1 expressed in revolutions per meter (t / m) is between 10 and 350, more preferably between 20 and 200.
  • each pre-strand presents a torsion coefficient K1 which is between 2 and 80, more preferably between 6 and 70.
  • the torsion T2 expressed in revolutions per meter is preferably between 25 and 470, more preferably between 35 and 400.
  • each strand has a torsion coefficient K2 which is between 10 and 150, more preferably between 20 and 130.
  • the torsion T3 expressed in revolutions per meter is preferably between 30 and 600, more preferably between 80 and 500.
  • the cord of the invention has a coefficient of K3 twist which is between 50 and 500, more preferably between 80 and 230.
  • T2 is greater than T1 (T1 and T2 being in particular expressed in t / m).
  • T2 is lower than T3 (T2 and T3 being in particular expressed in t / m), T2 being more preferably between 0.2 and 0.95 times T3, in particular between 0 , 4 and 0.8 times T3.
  • the sum T1 + T2 is between 0.8 and 1.2 times T3, more preferably between 0.9 and 1.1 times T3 (T1, T2 and T3 being in particular expressed in t / m), T1 + T2 being in particular equal to T3.
  • the majority (in number) more preferably all of the N times M spun (in the initial state, that is to say without the twist Tl) has a module Mi which is greater than 800 cN / tex, in particular 1000 cN / tex.
  • the initial module in extension Mi, or Young's modulus is of course the modulus in longitudinal extension, that is to say along the axis of the yarn.
  • At least half, in particular the majority (in number), of the N times spun has a modulus Mi greater than 1200 cN / tex, more particularly greater than 1400 cN / tex. Even more preferentially, it is the totality of the N times M spun which has a modulus Mi greater than 1000 cN / tex, especially greater than 1200 cN / tex, more particularly greater than 1400 cN / tex. All the properties (title, initial modulus of the yarns, breaking strength and toughness) given above are determined at 20 ° C on unbleached or glued cords (that is to say, unglued).
  • Prior conditioning means the storage of cords (after drying) for at least 24 hours, before measurement, in a standard atmosphere according to the European standard DIN EN 20139 (temperature of 20 ⁇ 2 ° C, hygrometry of 65 ⁇ 2 %).
  • the titre (or linear density) of the pre-strands, strands or cords is determined on at least three samples, each corresponding to a length of at least 5 m per weighing of this length; the title is given in tex (weight in grams of 1000 m of product - recall: 0, 1 1 1 tex equal to 1 denier).
  • the mechanical properties in extension are measured in a known manner by means of an "INSTRON" traction machine equipped with "4D” type clamping tongs (for breaking strength less than 100 daN) or “4E” (for breaking strength at least equal to 100 daN), unless otherwise specified in ASTM D885 (2010).
  • the tested samples are pulled over an initial length of 400 mm for 4D pliers and 800 mm for 4E pliers, at a nominal speed of 200 mm / min, under a standard pretension of 0.5 cN / tex. All results given are an average of 10 measurements.
  • a very low preliminary torsion called "protection twist”, corresponding to a helix angle of about 6 degrees, before positioning and pulling in the clamps.
  • the tenacity (force-rupture divided by the title) and the initial modulus in extension (or Young's modulus) are indicated in cN / tex or centinewton by tex (for recall, 1 cN / tex equal to 0, 1 1 1 g / den (gram per denier)).
  • the initial modulus is represented by the tangent at the origin of the Force-Elongation curve, defined as the slope of the linear part of the Force-Elongation curve that occurs just after a standard pretension of 0.5 cN / tex.
  • the elongation at break is indicated in percentage.
  • the textile cord of the invention is advantageously usable for the reinforcement of tires of all types of vehicles, in particular motorcycles, passenger vehicles or industrial vehicles such as heavy vehicles, civil engineering, airplanes, other vehicles for transport or handling.
  • Figure 7 shows very schematically (without respecting a specific scale), a radial section of a tire according to the invention for example for tourism type vehicle.
  • This tire 100 has a top 102 reinforced by a crown reinforcement or belt 106, two sidewalls 103 and two beads 104, each of these beads being reinforced with a rod 105.
  • the top 102 is surmounted by a tread not shown on this schematic figure.
  • a carcass reinforcement 107 is wrapped around the two rods in each bead, the upturn 108 of this armature 107 being for example disposed towards the outside of the tire 100 which is shown here mounted on its rim 109.
  • the carcass reinforcement 107 is in known manner constituted by at least one rubber ply reinforced by so-called "radial" textile cords, that is to say that these cords are arranged substantially parallel to one another and extend from one bead to the other so as to form an angle of between 80 ° and 90 ° with the median circumferential plane (plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire which is situated halfway between the two beads 104 and goes through the middle of the vertex frame 106).
  • the belt 106 is for example constituted, in a manner known per se, by at least two layers of rubber called "working plies” or “triangulation plies”, superimposed and crossed, reinforced with metal cables arranged substantially parallel to each other with respect to others and inclined relative to the median circumferential plane, these working plies may or may not be associated with other plies and / or fabrics of rubber. These working plies have the primary function of giving the tire a high rigidity of drift.
  • the belt 106 further comprises in this example a rubber sheet called “shrink web” reinforced by so-called “circumferential” reinforcing son, that is to say that these reinforcing son are arranged substantially parallel to each other and extend substantially circumferentially around the tire so as to form an angle preferably within a range of 0 to 10 ° with the medial circumferential plane.
  • These circumferential reinforcing son have the primary function, it is recalled, to resist the centrifugation of the top at high speed.
  • this tire 100 of the invention has the essential feature that at least the shrinking web of its belt (106) and / or its carcass reinforcement (107) comprises a textile cord according to the invention.
  • the rods (105) which could consist, in whole or in part, of a textile cord according to the invention.
  • the rubber compositions used for these plies are conventional compositions for calendering textile reinforcements, typically based on natural rubber or other diene elastomer, a reinforcing filler such as carbon black, a vulcanization system and additives. conventional.
  • the adhesion between the composite textile cord of the invention and the rubber layer which coats it is ensured for example by a usual adhesive composition, for example an adhesive of the RFL type or equivalent adhesive.
  • the textile cord of the invention Due to its specific construction, the textile cord of the invention has significantly improved tensile properties, as demonstrated by the following embodiments.
  • toughness is the breaking force reported in the title, it is expressed in cN / tex. Also indicated is the apparent toughness (in daN / mm 2 ), in this case the breaking force is referred to the apparent diameter noted 0 which is measured according to the following method.
  • An apparatus is used which, using a receiver composed of a collecting optical system, a photodiode and an amplifier, makes it possible to measure the shadow of a wire illuminated by a parallel light LASER beam. with an accuracy of 0.1 micrometer.
  • Such a device is marketed for example by the company Z-Mike, under the reference "1210".
  • the method consists in fixing on a motorized moving table, under a standard pretension of 0.5 cN / tex, a sample of the wire to be measured, having been pre-conditioned. Solidary of the moving table, the wire is moved perpendicularly to the shadow measurement system at a speed of 25 mm / s and orthogonally cuts the beam LASER. At least 200 measurements of shadows are made over a length of 420 mm of wire; the average of these drop shadow measurements represents the apparent diameter 0. For each test, breaking strength, toughness and apparent toughness were also indicated in relative values, the base 100 being used for the control cord of each test.
  • control cords (denoted “T” in Table 1) are all characterized by a conventional double-twist construction T1, T2; the other cabled (comparative or in accordance with the invention) are all characterized by an unconventional construction with triple torsion Tl, T2, T3.
  • the cords according to the invention combine the triple twist characteristic and an initial yarn modulus greater than 800 cN / Tex.
  • control cable C 1 the construction denoted by "N47 / - / 3/4" of the control cable C 1 signifies that this cable is a double-twist cable (T1, T2) which is obtained simply from a twisting operation (T2, D2 or S) of 4 different strands which were each prepared beforehand by a reverse twist operation (Tl, Dl or Z) of 3 nylon spun yarns (N) of title 47 tex.
  • the textile cord concerned is a triple-twisted cord (T1, T2, T3) which is derived from a final twisting operation (T3, D2 or S) of 4 different strands which have each been prepared beforehand by an intermediate twisting operation (T2) in the opposite direction (D1 or Z) of 3 pre-strands, each of the pre-strands consisting of 1 single nylon spun yarn ( N) of title 47 tex which has been previously twisted on itself during a first Tl twist operation in the same direction Dl (Z).
  • control cords (denoted "T") C1, C3, C5, C7, C9 and C12 are all characterized by a double twist construction; they were manufactured by assembling 2, 3 or 4 strands according to a (second) final twist (denoted T2) of 150 to 300 t / m, corresponding to a torsion coefficient K2 ranging from 175 to 215, and a direction D2 ( sense S). Conventionally, each of these strands had been previously manufactured by a (initial) initial twist (denoted Tl) of 150 to 300 t / m depending on the case of a yarn on itself in the opposite direction Dl (Z direction) .
  • cords according to the invention are all characterized by a triple torsion construction T1, T2, T3 (in these examples, Z / Z / S); they were manufactured by assembling 3 or 4 strands in a final twist (denoted T3) of 150 to 300 t / m, corresponding to a torsion coefficient K3 ranging from 180 to 215, and a direction D2 (direction S).
  • T3 triple torsion construction
  • K3 ranging from 180 to 215
  • D2 direction D2
  • each of these strands had been previously manufactured by assembling 3 pre-strands according to a T2 twist (110 to 240 t / m as appropriate) and an opposite direction Dl (Z direction), each of these pre-strands.
  • the gains in breaking strength and apparent toughness may even exceed 15% and 25% respectively in the case of the C13 cord according to the invention.
  • test 7 of Table 1 The above tests were completed by an additional test (test 7 of Table 1) carried out on two other different textile cords C14 (control) and C15 (invention), this time based on polyester (P), of the PEN type ( "A701" from Honeywell, 110 tex title yarn having an initial module in extension of about 1700 cN / tex).
  • the construction denoted "P110 / - / 3/2" of the control cable C14 means that this cord is a double-twisted cord (T1, T2) which is simply the result of a twisting operation ( T2 of 260 t / m, D2 or S) of 2 different strands which were each prepared beforehand by a reverse twist operation (T1 of 260 t / m, Dl or Z) of 3 individual polyester yarns (P) of title 110 tex.
  • the textile cord concerned is a triple-twisted cord (T1, T2, T3) which comes from a final torsion (T3 of 260 t / m, D2 or S) of 2 different strands which were each prepared beforehand by an intermediate torsion operation (T2 of 155 t / m) in the opposite direction (D1 or Z) of 3 pre- strands, each of the pre-strands consisting of 1 single polyester yarn (P) of title 110 tex which has been previously twisted on itself during a first Tl twist operation (105 t / m) in the same direction D1 (Z).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a textile cord (50) having an at least triple twist (T1, T2, T3), comprising at least N strands (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d), where N is greater than 1, which are twisted together to a final twist T3 in a final direction D2, each strand being made up of M pre-strands (10a, 10b, 10c), where M is greater than 1, which pre-strands are in turn twisted to an intermediate twist T2 (T2a, T2b, T2c, T2d) in an intermediate direction D1 which is opposite to D2, with every pre-strand consisting of a spun fibre (5) that has been twisted on itself to an initial twist T1 (T1a, T1b, T1c) in the direction D1, wherein at least half the N times M spun fibres have an initial modulus of elasticity Mi greater than 800 cN/tex. This textile cord can advantageously be used as reinforcement in vehicle pneumatic tires, especially in the belt or the carcass ply of said pneumatic tires.

Description

CÂBLÉ TEXTILE À AU MOINS TRIPLE TORSION  TEXTILE WIRE WITH AT LEAST TRIPLE TORSION
1. DOMAINE DE L'INVENTION 1. DOMAIN OF THE INVENTION
La présente invention est relative aux éléments de renforcement ou « renforts » textiles utilisables pour le renforcement d'articles en matière plastique ou d'articles en caoutchouc tels que des pneumatiques pour véhicules. The present invention relates to textile reinforcing elements or "reinforcements" that can be used for reinforcing plastic articles or rubber articles such as tires for vehicles.
Elle se rapporte plus particulièrement à des câblés ou retors textiles utilisables notamment pour le renforcement de tels pneumatiques. It relates more particularly to cords or twists textile used in particular for the reinforcement of such tires.
2. ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUE Le textile est utilisé comme renfort depuis les origines du pneu. 2. STATE OF THE ART The textile is used as reinforcement since the origins of the tire.
Les câblés textiles, fabriqués à partir de fibres textiles continues telles que des fibres en polyester, nylon, cellulose ou aramide, jouent on le sait un rôle important dans les pneus, y compris dans les pneus haute performance homologués pour rouler à très haute vitesse. Pour répondre aux exigences des pneus, ils doivent présenter une forte résistance à la rupture, un module en extension élevé, une bonne endurance en fatigue et enfin une bonne adhésion aux matrices de caoutchouc ou autres polymères qu'ils sont susceptibles de renforcer. Textile cords, made from continuous textile fibers such as polyester, nylon, cellulose or aramid fibers, play an important role in tires, including high-performance tires approved for use at very high speeds. To meet the requirements of the tires, they must have a high tensile strength, a high extension modulus, good fatigue endurance and finally good adhesion to rubber matrices or other polymers they are likely to strengthen.
On rappellera simplement ici que ces retors ou câblés textiles, traditionnellement à double torsion (Tl, T2), sont préparés par un procédé dit de retordage (« twisting ») dans lequel : au cours d'une première étape, chaque filé ou fibre multifîlamentaire (en anglais « yarn ») constitutive du câblé final est tout d'abord individuellement tordue sur elle- même (selon une torsion initiale Tl) dans une direction donnée Dl (respectivement sens S ou Z), pour former un brin (en anglais « strand ») dans lequel les filaments élémentaires se voient imposés une déformation en hélice autour de l'axe de fibre (ou axe du brin) ; It will be recalled here simply that these twisted or woven fabrics, traditionally double twist (T1, T2), are prepared by a twisting process in which: during a first step, each yarn or multifilament fiber (English "yarn") constitutive of the final cable is first individually twisted on itself (according to an initial twist Tl) in a given direction Dl (respectively S or Z direction), to form a strand (in English " strand ") in which the elementary filaments are imposed helical deformation around the fiber axis (or axis of the strand);
- puis, au cours d'une seconde étape, plusieurs brins, généralement au nombre de deux, trois ou quatre, de natures identiques ou différentes dans le cas de câblés dits hybrides ou composites, sont ensuite retordus ensemble selon une torsion finale T2 (pouvant être égale à ou différente de Tl) en direction opposée D2 (respectivement sens Z ou S, selon une nomenclature reconnue désignant l'orientation des spires selon la barre transversale d'un S ou d'un Z), pour l'obtention du câblé (en anglais « cord ») ou assemblage final à plusieurs brins. Le rôle du retordage est d'adapter les propriétés du matériau afin de créer la cohésion transversale du renfort, d'accroître sa tenue en fatigue et aussi d'améliorer l'adhésion avec la matrice renforcée. De tels câblés textiles, leurs constructions et procédés de fabrication sont bien connus de l'homme du métier. Ils ont été décrits en détail dans un grand nombre de documents, pour ne citer que quelques exemples dans les documents brevet EP 021 485, EP 220 642, EP 225 391, EP 335 588, EP 467 585, US 3 419 060, US 3 977 172, US 4 155 394, US 5 558, 144, WO97/06294 ou EP 848 767, ou plus récemment WO2012/104279, WO2012/146612, WO2014/057082. and then, during a second step, several strands, generally two, three or four in number, of identical or different natures in the case of so-called hybrid or composite cords, are then twisted together according to a final twist T2 (which may be be equal to or different from T1) in the opposite direction D2 (respectively Z or S direction, according to a recognized nomenclature designating the orientation of the turns according to the transverse bar of an S or Z), to obtain the cable (in English "cord") or final assembly with several strands. The role of the twisting is to adapt the properties of the material in order to create the transverse cohesion of the reinforcement, to increase its resistance to fatigue and also to improve the adhesion with the reinforced matrix. Such textile cords, their constructions and manufacturing processes are well known to those skilled in the art. They have been described in detail in a large number of documents, to mention only a few examples in the documents EP 021 485, EP 220 642, EP 225 391, EP 335 588, EP 467 585, US 3,419,060, US 3. 977,172, US 4,155,394, US 5,558,144, WO97 / 06294 or EP 848,767, or more recently WO2012 / 104279, WO2012 / 146612, WO2014 / 057082.
Pour pouvoir renforcer des articles en caoutchouc tels que des pneumatiques, la résistance à la fatigue (endurance en extension, flexion, compression) de ces câblés textiles est primordiale. On sait que de manière générale, pour un matériau donné, elle est d'autant plus élevée que les torsions employées sont importantes, mais qu'en contrepartie, leur force à la rupture en extension (appelée ténacité lorsqu'elle est ramenée à l'unité de poids) diminue inexorablement lorsqu'augmente la torsion, ce qui bien entendu est pénalisant du point de vue du renforcement. Aussi, les concepteurs de câblés textiles, comme les fabricants de pneumatiques, sont en permanence à la recherche de câblés textiles dont les propriétés mécaniques, particulièrement force rupture et ténacité, pour un matériau et une torsion donnés, pourraient être améliorées. To be able to reinforce rubber articles such as tires, the resistance to fatigue (endurance in extension, flexion, compression) of these textile cords is essential. It is known that, in general, for a given material, it is even higher than the twists used are important, but that in return, their force at break in extension (called toughness when it is reduced to the weight unit) decreases inexorably when increases torsion, which of course is penalizing from the point of view of reinforcement. Also, designers of textile cords, such as tire manufacturers, are constantly looking for textile cords whose mechanical properties, particularly breaking strength and toughness, for a given material and twist, could be improved.
3. BREVE DESCRIPTION DE L'INVENTION 3. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Or, au cours de leurs recherches, les Demanderesses ont précisément trouvé un câblé textile nouveau dont l'architecture et la construction spécifiques permettent de manière inattendue, pour un matériau et une torsion finale donnés, d'améliorer les propriétés de force-rupture et de ténacité. In the course of their research, the Applicants have precisely found a new textile cord whose specific architecture and construction unexpectedly allow, for a given material and a final twist, to improve the properties of force-rupture and tenacity.
Ainsi, selon un premier objet, la présente invention concerne un câblé textile à au moins triple torsion (Tl, T2, T3), comportant au moins N brins, N étant supérieur à 1, retordus ensemble selon une torsion T3 et une direction D2, chaque brin étant constitué de M pré- brins, M étant supérieur à 1, eux-mêmes tordus ensemble selon une torsion T2 et une direction Dl opposée à D2, chaque pré-brin consistant lui-même en un filé qui a été tordu préalablement sur lui-même selon une torsion Tl et la direction Dl, dans lequel au moins la moitié des N fois M filés présente un module initial en extension noté Mi qui est supérieur à 800 cN/tex. L'invention concerne également l'utilisation d'un tel câblé textile comme élément de renforcement d'articles ou produits semi-finis en matière plastique ou en caoutchouc tels que des tuyaux, des courroies, des bandes transporteuses, des pneumatiques pour véhicules, ainsi que ces articles, produits semi-finis en caoutchouc et pneumatiques eux-mêmes, tant à l'état cru (c'est-à-dire avant cuisson ou vulcanisation) qu'à l'état cuit (après cuisson). Thus, according to a first object, the present invention relates to a textile cord with at least three twist (Tl, T2, T3), comprising at least N strands, N being greater than 1, twisted together in a twist T3 and a direction D2, each strand being constituted by M pre-strands, M being greater than 1, themselves twisted together in a twisting T2 and a direction D1 opposite to D2, each pre-strand itself consisting of a yarn which has been previously twisted on itself according to a twist T1 and the direction D1, in which at least half of the spun N times M has an initial modulus in extension noted Mi which is greater than 800 cN / tex. The invention also relates to the use of such a textile cord as a reinforcement element for articles or semi-finished products made of plastic or rubber such as pipes, belts, conveyor belts, tires for vehicles and that these articles, semi-finished rubber products and tires themselves, both in the raw state (that is to say before cooking or vulcanization) and in the cooked state (after cooking).
Les pneumatiques de l'invention, en particulier, peuvent être destinés à des véhicules à moteur du type tourisme, 4x4, "SUV" {Sport Utility Vehicles), mais également à des véhicules deux-roues tels que motos, ou à des véhicules industriels choisis parmi camionnettes, "Poids-lourd" - i.e., métro, bus, engins de transport routier (camions, tracteurs, remorques), véhicules hors-la-route -, engins agricoles ou de Génie civil, avions, autres véhicules de transport ou de manutention. The tires of the invention, in particular, may be intended for motor vehicles of the tourism, 4x4, SUV (Sport Utility Vehicles) type, but also for two-wheeled vehicles such as motorcycles, or for industrial vehicles. selected from vans, "heavy goods vehicles" - ie, metros, buses, road transport vehicles (trucks, tractors, trailers), off-the-road vehicles -, agricultural or civil engineering machinery, airplanes, other transport vehicles or Handling.
Le câblé textile de l'invention est tout particulièrement destiné à être utilisé dans des armatures de sommet (ou ceintures) ou dans des armatures de carcasse de pneumatiques pour les véhicules décrits ci-dessus. The textile cord of the invention is particularly intended to be used in crown reinforcement (or belts) or in tire carcass reinforcement for the vehicles described above.
L'invention ainsi que ses avantages seront aisément compris à la lumière de la description détaillée et des exemples de réalisation qui suivent, ainsi que des figures 1 à 7 relatives à ces exemples qui schématisent (sauf indication contraire, sans respect d'une échelle spécifique) : en coupe transversale, une fibre textile multifilamentaire conventionnelle (ou filé), tout d'abord à l'état initial (5) c'est-à-dire dépourvu de torsion, puis après une première opération de torsion Tl dans la direction Dl , pour formation d'un filé tordu sur lui-même ou « pré-brin » (10) (Fig. 1) ; The invention as well as its advantages will be easily understood in the light of the detailed description and the following exemplary embodiments, as well as FIGS. 1 to 7 relating to these examples which are diagrammatic (unless otherwise indicated, without respecting a specific scale. ): in cross section, a conventional multifilament textile fiber (or spun), first in the initial state (5) that is to say devoid of torsion, then after a first Tl twist operation in the direction D1, for forming a twisted yarn on itself or "pre-stranded" (10) (Fig. 1);
en coupe transversale, l'assemblage de 3 filés (10a, 10b, 10c) tels que ci-dessus remplissant la fonction de pré-brins (tordus préalablement selon Tla, Tlb, Tic dans la même direction Dl) qui sont assemblés par une deuxième opération de torsion T2 toujours dans la même direction Dl, pour formation d'un brin (20) destiné au câblé selon l'invention (Fig. 2) ;  in cross section, the assembly of 3 yarns (10a, 10b, 10c) as above fulfilling the function of pre-strands (previously twisted according to Tla, Tlb, Tic in the same direction D1) which are assembled by a second torsion operation T2 always in the same direction D1, for forming a strand (20) for the cord according to the invention (Figure 2);
en coupe transversale, l'assemblage de 3 brins (20a, 20b, 20c) tels que ci-dessus (tordus préalablement selon T2a, T2b, T2c dans la même direction Dl) qui sont assemblés par une troisième opération de torsion T3 cette fois dans la direction D2 opposée à la direction Dl, pour formation d'un câblé textile final (30) à triple torsion (Tl, T2, T3) conforme à l'invention (Fig. 3) ;  in cross section, the assembly of 3 strands (20a, 20b, 20c) as above (previously twisted according to T2a, T2b, T2c in the same direction D1) which are assembled by a third T3 twist operation this time in the direction D2 opposed to the direction D1, for forming a final textile cord (30) with triple torsion (T1, T2, T3) according to the invention (FIG 3);
en coupe transversale, l'assemblage conventionnel de 3 filés (10a, 10b, 10c) tels que ci-dessus remplissant cette fois directement la fonction de brins (tous tordus préalablement selon Tla, Tlb, Tic dans la direction Dl) qui sont assemblés par une deuxième opération de torsion T2 dans la direction D2 opposée à la direction Dl, pour formation d'un câblé textile selon l'art antérieur (40) à double torsion (Tl, T2) (Fig. 4) ; in cross-section, the conventional assembly of 3 yarns (10a, 10b, 10c) as above, this time directly fulfilling the function of strands (all previously twisted according to Tla, Tlb, Tic in the direction D1) which are assembled by a second twisting operation T2 in the direction D2 opposite the direction D1, for forming a textile cord according to the prior art (40) double twist (T1, T2) (Fig. 4);
en coupe transversale, l'assemblage de 4 brins (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) (tordus préalablement selon T2a, T2b, T2c, T2d dans la même direction Dl) qui sont assemblés par une troisième opération de torsion T3 dans la direction D2 opposée à la direction Dl, pour formation d'un câblé textile final (50) à triple torsion (Tl, T2, T3) conforme à l'invention (Fig. 5) ;  in cross section, the assembly of 4 strands (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) (previously twisted according to T2a, T2b, T2c, T2d in the same direction D1) which are assembled by a third torsion operation T3 in the direction D2 opposed to the direction D1, for forming a final textile cord (50) with triple torsion (T1, T2, T3) according to the invention (FIG.
en coupe transversale, une autre représentation du câblé (50) ci-dessus, moins schématique que la précédente, illustrant le fait que la section finale d'un câblé textile (qu'il soit d'ailleurs conforme ou non à l'invention), une fois formé et sous une tension minimale, s'approche plus dans les faits d'une section à contour circulaire, en raison de la forte plasticité latérale apportée par la nature multifilamentaire du matériau de départ (Fig. 6) ;  in cross section, another representation of the cable (50) above, less schematic than the previous one, illustrating that the final section of a textile cord (whether or not it complies with the invention) when formed and under minimal tension, is closer in fact to a circular section, because of the high lateral plasticity provided by the multifilament nature of the starting material (Fig. 6);
enfin, en coupe radiale (c'est-à-dire selon un plan contenant l'axe de rotation du pneu), un exemple de pneu conforme à l'invention, incorporant un câblé textile selon l'invention (Fig. 7).  finally, in radial section (that is to say in a plane containing the axis of rotation of the tire), an example of a tire according to the invention, incorporating a textile cord according to the invention (Figure 7).
4. DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L'INVENTION 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Dans la présente demande, sauf indication expresse différente, tous les pourcentages (%) indiqués sont des pourcentages en masse. In the present application, unless expressly indicated otherwise, all the percentages (%) indicated are percentages by mass.
Tout intervalle de valeurs désigné par l'expression "entre a et b" représente le domaine de valeurs allant de plus de a à moins de b (c'est-à-dire bornes a et b exclues) tandis que tout intervalle de valeurs désigné par l'expression "de a à b" signifie le domaine de valeurs allant de a jusqu'à b (c'est-à-dire incluant les bornes strictes a et b). Any range of values designated by the expression "between a and b" represents the range of values from more than a to less than b (i.e., terminals a and b excluded) while any range of values designated by the expression "from a to b" means the range from a to b (i.e., including the strict limits a and b).
Le câblé ou retors textile de l'invention est donc (en référence aux figures 1 à 3, et 5 annexées) un câblé textile (30, 50) de construction très spécifique, qui a pour caractéristiques essentielles de comporter : au moins une triple (c'est-à-dire trois ou plus de trois) torsion (Tl, T2, T3) ; The cord or yarn of the invention is therefore (with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, and 5 appended) a textile cord (30, 50) of very specific construction, whose essential characteristics include: at least one triple ( that is, three or more than three) torsion (T1, T2, T3);
au moins N brins (20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d), N étant supérieur à 1, qui sont retordus ensemble selon une torsion finale T3 et une même direction finale D2 ;  at least N strands (20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d), N being greater than 1, which are twisted together in a final twist T3 and the same final direction D2;
chaque brin étant constitué de M pré -brins (10, 10a, 10b, 10c), M étant supérieur à 1, eux-mêmes tordus ensemble selon une torsion intermédiaire T2 (T2a, T2b, T2c, T2d) et une direction intermédiaire Dl opposée à D2 ;  each strand consisting of M pre-strands (10, 10a, 10b, 10c), M being greater than 1, themselves twisted together according to an intermediate torsion T2 (T2a, T2b, T2c, T2d) and an intermediate direction D1 opposite at D2;
chaque pré-brin consistant en un filé (5) qui a été tordu préalablement sur lui-même selon une torsion initiale Tl (Tla, Tlb, Tic) et la direction initiale Dl . Par câblé ayant au moins une triple torsion (c'est-à-dire trois torsions ou plus), l'homme du métier comprendra immédiatement qu'au moins trois opérations consécutives de détorsion (ou torsion en sens inverse) sont donc nécessaires pour « déconstruire » le câblé de l'invention et « remonter » aux filés initiaux le constituant, c'est-à-dire retrouver les filés (fibres multifîlamentaires) de départ dans leur état initial c'est-à-dire dépourvu de torsion. Dit autrement, il y a au moins trois (trois ou plus) opérations de torsion successives pour constituer le câblé de l'invention, et non deux comme c'est le cas habituellement. each pre-strand consisting of a yarn (5) which has been previously twisted on itself according to an initial twist Tl (Tla, Tlb, Tic) and the initial direction Dl. By cord having at least one triple twist (i.e. three or more twists), one skilled in the art will immediately understand that at least three consecutive untwisting (or twisting) operations are therefore necessary for deconstruct the cable of the invention and "go back" to the initial yarns constituting it, that is to say, find the yarns (multifilamentary fibers) starting in their initial state that is to say devoid of torsion. In other words, there are at least three (three or more) successive twisting operations to constitute the cable of the invention, and not two as is usually the case.
Une autre caractéristique essentielle est qu'au moins la moitié des filés constitutifs du câblé doit présenter un module initial en extension Mi supérieur à 800 cN/tex (ce qui exclut notamment les fibres nylon), sans quoi le gain en force-rupture et ténacité n'est pas observé. Another essential characteristic is that at least half of the yarns constituting the cord must have an initial modulus in extension Mi greater than 800 cN / tex (which excludes in particular nylon fibers), otherwise the gain in force-rupture and tenacity is not observed.
La structure du câblé textile de l'invention ainsi que ses étapes de fabrication vont être maintenant décrites en détail. The structure of the textile cord of the invention as well as its manufacturing steps will now be described in detail.
Tout d'abord, la figure 1 schématise, en coupe transversale, une fibre textile multifilamentaire conventionnelle (5), encore appelé « filé » (en anglais « yarn »), à l'état initial c'est-à-dire dépourvu de torsion ; de manière bien connue, un tel filé est formé d'une pluralité de filaments élémentaires (50), typiquement plusieurs dizaines à plusieurs centaines, de diamètre très fin généralement inférieur à 25 μιη. Firstly, FIG. 1 schematizes, in transverse section, a conventional multifilament textile fiber (5), also called "yarn" (in English "yarn"), in the initial state, that is to say devoid of twist; in a well known manner, such a yarn is formed of a plurality of elementary filaments (50), typically several tens to several hundred, of very fine diameter generally less than 25 μιη.
Après une opération de torsion Tl (première torsion) dans une direction Dl (S ou Z), le filé initial (5) est transformé en un filé tordu sur lui-même appelé « pré-brin » (10). Dans ce prébrin, les filaments élémentaires se voient ainsi imposés une déformation en hélice autour de l'axe de fibre (ou axe du pré -brin). After a twisting operation T1 (first twist) in a direction D1 (S or Z), the initial yarn (5) is transformed into a yarn twisted on itself called "pre-strand" (10). In this prebrin, the elementary filaments are thus imposed a helical deformation around the fiber axis (or axis of the pre-strand).
Puis, comme illustré à titre d'exemple à la figure 2, M pré-brins (par exemple ici au nombre de trois ; 10a, 10b, 10c) sont ensuite eux-mêmes tordus ensemble, dans la même direction Dl que précédemment, selon une torsion intermédiaire T2 (deuxième torsion) pour formation d'un « brin » (20). Chaque pré-brin est caractérisé par une première torsion Tl spécifique (par exemple ici, Tla, Tlb, Tic) qui peut être égale (dans le cas général, c'est-à-dire qu'ici on a par exemple Tla = Tlb = Tic) ou différente d'un pré-brin à l'autre. Then, as illustrated by way of example in FIG. 2, M pre-strands (for example here three in number: 10a, 10b, 10c) are then themselves twisted together, in the same direction D1 as before, according to an intermediate torsion T2 (second twist) for forming a "strand" (20). Each pre-strand is characterized by a first specific twist Tl (for example here, Tla, Tlb, Tic) which may be equal (in the general case, that is to say that here we have for example Tla = Tlb = Tic) or different from one pre-strand to another.
Enfin, comme schématisé à la figure 3, N brins (par exemple ici au nombre de trois ; 20a, 20b, 20c) sont ensuite eux-mêmes tordus ensemble, dans la direction D2 opposée à Dl, selon une torsion finale T3 (troisième torsion) pour formation du câblé textile final (30) conforme à l'invention. Chaque brin est caractérisé par une deuxième torsion T2 spécifique (par exemple ici, T2a, T2b, T2c) qui peut être égale (dans le cas général, c'est-à-dire qu'ici on a par exemple T2a = T2b = T2c) ou différente d'un brin à l'autre. Le câblé textile final (30) ainsi obtenu, comportant N fois M (ici, par exemple neuf) prébrins, se caractérise donc par (au moins) une triple torsion (Tl, T2, T3). L'invention s'applique bien entendu aux cas où plus de trois torsions successives, par exemple au nombre de quatre (Tl, T2, T3, T4) ou cinq (Tl, T2, T3, T4, T5), seraient appliquées aux filés (5) de départ. Toutefois, l'invention est préférentiellement mise en œuvre avec seulement trois opérations successives de torsion (Tl, T2, T3), notamment pour des raisons de coût. Finally, as shown schematically in FIG. 3, N strands (for example here three in number: 20a, 20b, 20c) are themselves twisted together, in the direction D2 opposite to D1, according to a final twist T3 (third twist ) for forming the final textile cord (30) according to the invention. Each strand is characterized by a second specific T2 twist (for example here, T2a, T2b, T2c) which may be equal (in the general case, that is to say that here we have for example T2a = T2b = T2c ) or different from one strand to another. The final textile cord (30) thus obtained, comprising N times M (here, for example new) pre-stranded, is therefore characterized by (at least) a triple twist (T1, T2, T3). The invention naturally applies to cases where more than three successive twists, for example four (Tl, T2, T3, T4) or five (Tl, T2, T3, T4, T5), would be applied to the yarns. (5) departure. However, the invention is preferably implemented with only three successive operations of torsion (T1, T2, T3), especially for reasons of cost.
La figure 4, comparativement à la figure 3, illustre un mode conventionnel de préparation de câblés textiles à double torsion. M pré-brins (par exemple ici au nombre de trois, 10a, 10b, 10c) - remplissant en fait directement la fonction de brins - sont retordus ensemble, dans une (deuxième) direction D2 opposée à la (première) direction de torsion Dl, pour formation directe d'un câblé textile (40) à double torsion (Tl, T2) selon l'art antérieur. Figure 4, compared to Figure 3, illustrates a conventional method of preparing double twist textile cords. M pre-strands (for example here three in number, 10a, 10b, 10c) - in fact directly filling the function of strands - are twisted together in a (second) direction D2 opposite the (first) direction of torsion D1 , for direct formation of a double twist textile cord (40) (T1, T2) according to the prior art.
La figure 5 schématise, en coupe transversale, l'assemblage de 4 brins (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) (tordus préalablement selon T2a, T2b, T2c, T2d dans la même direction Dl) qui sont assemblés par une troisième opération de torsion T3 dans la direction D2 opposée à la direction Dl, pour formation d'un autre exemple de câblé final (50) à triple torsion (Tl, T2, T3) conforme à l'invention. Chaque brin est caractérisé par une deuxième torsion T2 spécifique (ici, T2a, T2b, T2c, T2d) qui peut être égale ou différente d'un brin à l'autre. FIG. 5 schematizes, in cross-section, the assembly of 4 strands (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) (previously twisted according to T2a, T2b, T2c, T2d in the same direction D1) which are assembled by a third torsion operation T3 in the direction D2 opposite to the direction D1, for forming another example of a final cord (50) with triple torsion (T1, T2, T3) according to the invention. Each strand is characterized by a second specific T2 twist (here, T2a, T2b, T2c, T2d) which may be equal to or different from one strand to another.
Pour rappel, la figure 6 représente, toujours en coupe transversale, une autre représentation du câblé (50) précédent, moins schématique que la précédente, rappelant le fait bien connu que la section d'un câblé textile, qu'il soit d'ailleurs conforme ou non à l'invention, une fois formé et sous une tension minimale, s'approche plus dans les faits d'une structure cylindrique à section à contour essentiellement circulaire, en raison de la forte plasticité radiale, latérale des brins (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) et pré-brins (10a, 10b, 10c), apportée par la nature multifilamentaire des fibres (filés) de départ. As a reminder, FIG. 6 represents, again in cross-section, another representation of the preceding cord (50), less schematic than the preceding one, recalling the well-known fact that the section of a textile cord, that it is moreover whether or not in accordance with the invention, once formed and under a minimum tension, is closer in fact to a cylindrical structure with a substantially circular section, because of the high radial, lateral plasticity of the strands (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) and pre-strands (10a, 10b, 10c), provided by the multifilament nature of the fibers (spun) starting.
Dans la présente demande, on entend par « textile » ou « matériau textile », de manière très générale, tout matériau en une matière autre que métallique, qu'elle soit naturelle comme synthétique, susceptible d'être transformée en fil, fibre ou film par tout procédé de transformation approprié. On peut citer par exemple, sans que les exemples ci-après soient limitatifs, un procédé de filage de polymère tel que par exemple filage au fondu, filage en solution ou filage de gel. In the present application, the term "textile" or "textile material", in a very general manner, any material made of a material other than metal, whether natural or synthetic, capable of being transformed into yarn, fiber or film by any suitable process of transformation. For example, without the following examples being limiting, there may be mentioned a polymer spinning process such as, for example, melt spinning, solution spinning or gel spinning.
Bien que des matériaux en matière non polymérique (par exemple en matière minérale telle que du verre ou en matière organique non polymérique telle que carbone) soient compris dans la définition de matériau textile, l'invention est préférentiellement mise en œuvre avec des matériaux en matière polymérique, tant du type thermoplastique que du type non thermoplastique. Although materials of non-polymeric material (for example mineral material such as glass or non-polymeric organic material such as carbon) are included in the definition of textile material, the invention is preferably implemented with polymeric material materials, both thermoplastic type and non-thermoplastic type.
A titre d'exemples de matières polymériques, du type thermoplastiques ou non, on citera par exemple les celluloses, notamment la rayonne, les alcools polyvinyliques (en abrégé « PVA »), les polycétones, les aramides (polyamides aromatiques), les polyesters aromatiques, les polybenzazoles (en abrégé « PBO »), les polyimides, les polyesters, notamment ceux choisis parmi PET (polyéthylène téréphthalate), PEN (polyéthylène naphthalate), PBT (polybutylène téréphthalate), PBN (polybutylène naphthalate), PPT (polypropylène téréphthalate), PPN (polypropylène naphthalate). By way of examples of polymeric materials, of the thermoplastic or non-thermoplastic type, there may be mentioned, for example, celluloses, in particular rayon, polyvinyl alcohols (abbreviated as "PVA"), polyketones, aramids (aromatic polyamides), aromatic polyesters. , polybenzazoles (abbreviated as "PBO"), polyimides, polyesters, especially those chosen from PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PEN (polyethylene naphthalate), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PBN (polybutylene naphthalate), PPT (polypropylene terephthalate) , PPN (polypropylene naphthalate).
Bien entendu, l'invention s'applique aux cas où le câblé textile de l'invention est formé de plusieurs filés de matériaux différents pour constituer un câblé hybride ou composite, par exemple à base de filés d'au moins polyester et nylon, ou polyester et cellulose, ou polyester et polycétone, ou polycétone et nylon, ou cellulose et nylon, ou cellulose et polycétone, ou cellulose et aramide, ou aramide et nylon, ou aramide et polyester (par exemple PET ou PEN), ou encore aramide et polycétone, pour ne citer que quelques exemples, au moins la moitié des N fois M filés présentant bien entendu un module Mi supérieur à 800 cN/tex. Of course, the invention applies to cases where the textile cord of the invention is formed of several yarns of different materials to form a hybrid or composite cord, for example based on yarns of at least polyester and nylon, or polyester and cellulose, or polyester and polyketone, or polyketone and nylon, or cellulose and nylon, or cellulose and polyketone, or cellulose and aramid, or aramid and nylon, or aramid and polyester (eg PET or PEN), or aramid and polyketone, to mention just a few examples, at least half of the N times M spun with of course a Mi module greater than 800 cN / tex.
Dans le câblé de l'invention, N varie de préférence dans un domaine de 2 à 6, plus préférentiellement de 2 à 4. Selon un autre mode de réalisation préférentiel, M varie dans un domaine de 2 à 6, plus préférentiellement de 2 à 4. Selon un autre mode de réalisation préférentiel, le nombre total de filés (égal à N fois M), est compris dans un domaine de 4 à 25, plus préférentiellement de 4 à 16. In the cable of the invention, N preferably varies in a range from 2 to 6, more preferably from 2 to 4. According to another preferred embodiment, M varies in a range from 2 to 6, more preferably from 2 to 6. 4. According to another preferred embodiment, the total number of yarns (equal to N times M) is in a range from 4 to 25, more preferably from 4 to 16.
De manière bien connue de l'homme du métier, les torsions peuvent être mesurées et exprimées de deux manières différentes, soit et de manière simple en nombre de tours par mètre (t/m), soit et ce qui est plus rigoureux lorsqu'on souhaite comparer des matériaux de natures (masses volumiques) et/ou de titres différents, en angle d'hélice des filaments ou ce qui est équivalent sous forme d'un facteur de torsion K. In a manner well known to those skilled in the art, the twists can be measured and expressed in two different ways, either simply and in a number of revolutions per meter (t / m), and this is more rigorous when would like to compare materials of different natures (densities) and / or titles, at helix angle of the filaments or what is equivalent in the form of a torsion factor K.
Le facteur de torsion K est lié à la torsion T (ici, par exemple, respectivement Tl, T2 et T3) selon la relation connue qui suit : The torsion factor K is related to the torsion T (here, for example, respectively T1, T2 and T3) according to the following known relation:
K = (Torsion T) x [(Titre / (1000.p)]1/2 dans laquelle la torsion T des filaments élémentaires (constitutifs du pré-brin, brin ou retors) est exprimée en tours par mètre (t/m), le titre est exprimé en tex (poids en gramme de 1000 mètres de pré-brin, brin ou retors), et enfin p est la densité ou masse volumique (en g/cm3) du matériau constitutif du pré-brin, brin ou retors (par exemple, environ 1,50 g/cm3 pour la cellulose, 1,44 g/cm3 pour l'aramide, 1,38 g/cm3 pour un polyester tel que PET, 1,14 g/cm3 pour le nylon) ; dans le cas d'un câblé hybride, p est bien entendu une moyenne des densités pondérée par les titres respectifs des matériaux constitutifs des pré-brins, brins ou retors. K = (Twisting T) x [(Title / (1000.p)] 1/2 in which the torsion T of the elementary filaments (constituting the pre-strand, strand or plied yarn) is expressed in revolutions per meter (t / m) , the title is expressed in tex (weight in grams of 1000 meters of pre-strand, strand or twisted), and finally p is the density or density (in g / cm 3 ) of the constituent material of the pre-strand, strand or plied (for example, about 1.50 g / cm 3 for cellulose, 1.44 g / cm 3 for aramid, 1.38 g / cm 3 for a polyester such as PET, 1.14 g / cm 3 for nylon); in the case of a hybrid cable, it is of course an average of the densities weighted by the respective titles of the constituent materials of the pre-strands, strands or twists.
Dans le câblé de l'invention, préférentiellement, la torsion Tl exprimée en tours par mètre (t/m) est comprise entre 10 et 350, plus préférentiellement entre 20 et 200. Selon un autre mode de réalisation préférentiel, chaque pré -brin présente un coefficient de torsion Kl qui est compris entre 2 et 80, plus préférentiellement entre 6 et 70. In the cable of the invention, preferably, the twist T1 expressed in revolutions per meter (t / m) is between 10 and 350, more preferably between 20 and 200. According to another preferred embodiment, each pre-strand presents a torsion coefficient K1 which is between 2 and 80, more preferably between 6 and 70.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation préférentiel, la torsion T2 exprimée en tours par mètre est de préférence comprise entre 25 et 470, plus préférentiellement entre 35 et 400. Selon un autre mode de réalisation préférentiel, chaque brin présente un coefficient de torsion K2 qui est compris entre 10 et 150, plus préférentiellement entre 20 et 130. According to another preferred embodiment, the torsion T2 expressed in revolutions per meter is preferably between 25 and 470, more preferably between 35 and 400. According to another preferred embodiment, each strand has a torsion coefficient K2 which is between 10 and 150, more preferably between 20 and 130.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation préférentiel, la torsion T3 exprimée en tours par mètre est de préférence comprise entre 30 et 600, plus préférentiellement entre 80 et 500. Selon un autre mode de réalisation préférentiel, le câblé de l'invention présente un coefficient de torsion K3 qui est compris entre 50 et 500, plus préférentiellement entre 80 et 230. According to another preferred embodiment, the torsion T3 expressed in revolutions per meter is preferably between 30 and 600, more preferably between 80 and 500. According to another preferred embodiment, the cord of the invention has a coefficient of K3 twist which is between 50 and 500, more preferably between 80 and 230.
De préférence, T2 est supérieure à Tl (Tl et T2 étant notamment exprimées en t/m). Selon un autre mode préférentiel, combiné ou non au précédent, T2 est inférieure à T3 (T2 et T3 étant notamment exprimées en t/m), T2 étant plus préférentiellement comprise entre 0,2 et 0,95 fois T3, en particulier entre 0,4 et 0,8 fois T3. Preferably, T2 is greater than T1 (T1 and T2 being in particular expressed in t / m). According to another preferred mode, combined or not with the preceding one, T2 is lower than T3 (T2 and T3 being in particular expressed in t / m), T2 being more preferably between 0.2 and 0.95 times T3, in particular between 0 , 4 and 0.8 times T3.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation préférentiel, la somme T1+T2 est comprise entre 0,8 et 1,2 fois T3, plus préférentiellement entre 0,9 et 1,1 fois T3 (Tl, T2 et T3 étant notamment exprimées en t/m), T1+T2 étant en particulier égale à T3. Dans le câblé de l'invention, de préférence la majorité (en nombre), plus préférentiellement la totalité des N fois M filés (à l'état initial, c'est-à-dire sans la torsion Tl) présente un module Mi qui est supérieur à 800 cN/tex, notamment à 1000 cN/tex. Le module initial en extension Mi, ou module d'Young, est bien entendu le module en extension longitudinal c'est-à-dire selon l'axe du filé. According to another preferred embodiment, the sum T1 + T2 is between 0.8 and 1.2 times T3, more preferably between 0.9 and 1.1 times T3 (T1, T2 and T3 being in particular expressed in t / m), T1 + T2 being in particular equal to T3. In the cable of the invention, preferably the majority (in number), more preferably all of the N times M spun (in the initial state, that is to say without the twist Tl) has a module Mi which is greater than 800 cN / tex, in particular 1000 cN / tex. The initial module in extension Mi, or Young's modulus, is of course the modulus in longitudinal extension, that is to say along the axis of the yarn.
Plus préférentiellement encore, au moins la moitié, en particulier la majorité (en nombre), des N fois M filés présente un module Mi supérieur à 1200 cN/tex, plus particulièrement supérieur à 1400 cN/tex. Encore plus préférentiellement, c'est la totalité des N fois M filés qui présente un module Mi supérieur à 1000 cN/tex, notamment supérieur à 1200 cN/tex, plus particulièrement supérieur à 1400 cN/tex. Toutes les propriétés (titre, module initial des filés, force à la rupture et ténacité) indiquées précédemment sont déterminées à 20°C sur des câblés écrus (c'est-à-dire non encollés) ou encollés (c'est-à-dire prêts à l'emploi ou extraits de l'article qu'ils renforcent) qui ont été soumis à un conditionnement préalable ; par "conditionnement préalable", on entend le stockage des câblés (après séchage) pendant au moins 24 heures, avant mesure, dans une atmosphère standard selon la norme européenne DIN EN 20139 (température de 20 ± 2°C ; hygrométrie de 65 ± 2 %). Le titre (ou densité linéique) des pré-brins, brins ou des câblés est déterminé sur au moins trois échantillons, chacun correspondant à une longueur d'au moins 5 m par pesée de cette longueur ; le titre est donné en tex (poids en grammes de 1000 m de produit - rappel: 0, 1 1 1 tex égal à 1 denier). Les propriétés mécaniques en extension (ténacité, module initial, allongement à la rupture) sont mesurées de manière connue à l'aide d'une machine de traction « INSTRON » munie de pinces à embarrage du type « 4D » (pour force rupture inférieure à 100 daN) ou « 4E » (pour force rupture au moins égale à 100 daN), sauf indications différentes selon la norme ASTM D885 (2010). Les échantillons testés subissent une traction sur une longueur initiale de 400 mm pour les pinces 4D et 800 mm pour les pinces 4E, à une vitesse nominale de 200 mm/min, sous une prétension standard de 0,5 cN/tex. Tous les résultats donnés sont une moyenne de 10 mesures. Lorsque les propriétés sont mesurées sur des filés, ces derniers subissent de manière bien connue une très faible torsion préalable, dite « torsion de protection », correspondant à un angle d'hélice d'environ 6 degrés, avant positionnement et traction dans les pinces. More preferably still, at least half, in particular the majority (in number), of the N times spun has a modulus Mi greater than 1200 cN / tex, more particularly greater than 1400 cN / tex. Even more preferentially, it is the totality of the N times M spun which has a modulus Mi greater than 1000 cN / tex, especially greater than 1200 cN / tex, more particularly greater than 1400 cN / tex. All the properties (title, initial modulus of the yarns, breaking strength and toughness) given above are determined at 20 ° C on unbleached or glued cords (that is to say, unglued). say ready to use or extracts from the article they reinforce) that have been subjected to prior conditioning; "Prior conditioning" means the storage of cords (after drying) for at least 24 hours, before measurement, in a standard atmosphere according to the European standard DIN EN 20139 (temperature of 20 ± 2 ° C, hygrometry of 65 ± 2 %). The titre (or linear density) of the pre-strands, strands or cords is determined on at least three samples, each corresponding to a length of at least 5 m per weighing of this length; the title is given in tex (weight in grams of 1000 m of product - recall: 0, 1 1 1 tex equal to 1 denier). The mechanical properties in extension (toughness, initial modulus, elongation at break) are measured in a known manner by means of an "INSTRON" traction machine equipped with "4D" type clamping tongs (for breaking strength less than 100 daN) or "4E" (for breaking strength at least equal to 100 daN), unless otherwise specified in ASTM D885 (2010). The tested samples are pulled over an initial length of 400 mm for 4D pliers and 800 mm for 4E pliers, at a nominal speed of 200 mm / min, under a standard pretension of 0.5 cN / tex. All results given are an average of 10 measurements. When the properties are measured on yarns, the latter are well known in a known manner a very low preliminary torsion, called "protection twist", corresponding to a helix angle of about 6 degrees, before positioning and pulling in the clamps.
La ténacité (force-rupture divisée par le titre) et le module initial en extension (ou module d'Young) sont indiqués en cN/tex ou centinewton par tex (pour rappel, 1 cN/tex égal à 0, 1 1 1 g/den (gramme par denier)). Le module initial est représenté par la tangente à l'origine de la courbe Force-Allongement, défini comme la pente de la partie linéaire de la courbe Force-Allongement qui intervient juste après une prétension standard de 0,5 cN/tex. L'allongement à la rupture est indiqué en pourcentage. The tenacity (force-rupture divided by the title) and the initial modulus in extension (or Young's modulus) are indicated in cN / tex or centinewton by tex (for recall, 1 cN / tex equal to 0, 1 1 1 g / den (gram per denier)). The initial modulus is represented by the tangent at the origin of the Force-Elongation curve, defined as the slope of the linear part of the Force-Elongation curve that occurs just after a standard pretension of 0.5 cN / tex. The elongation at break is indicated in percentage.
5. EXEMPLES DE REALISATION DE L'INVENTION 5. EXAMPLES OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Le câblé textile de l'invention est avantageusement utilisable pour le renforcement de pneus de tous types de véhicules, en particulier de motos, véhicules tourisme ou véhicules industriels tels que Poids-lourd, Génie civil, avions, autres véhicules de transport ou de manutention. A titre d'exemple, la figure 7 représente de manière très schématique (sans respect d'une échelle spécifique), une coupe radiale d'un pneu conforme à l'invention par exemple pour véhicule du type tourisme. The textile cord of the invention is advantageously usable for the reinforcement of tires of all types of vehicles, in particular motorcycles, passenger vehicles or industrial vehicles such as heavy vehicles, civil engineering, airplanes, other vehicles for transport or handling. For example, Figure 7 shows very schematically (without respecting a specific scale), a radial section of a tire according to the invention for example for tourism type vehicle.
Ce pneumatique 100 comporte un sommet 102 renforcé par une armature de sommet ou ceinture 106, deux flancs 103 et deux bourrelets 104, chacun de ces bourrelets étant renforcé avec une tringle 105. Le sommet 102 est surmonté d'une bande de roulement non représentée sur cette figure schématique. Une armature de carcasse 107 est enroulée autour des deux tringles dans chaque bourrelet, le retournement 108 de cette armature 107 étant par exemple disposé vers l'extérieur du pneumatique 100 qui est ici représenté monté sur sa jante 109. This tire 100 has a top 102 reinforced by a crown reinforcement or belt 106, two sidewalls 103 and two beads 104, each of these beads being reinforced with a rod 105. The top 102 is surmounted by a tread not shown on this schematic figure. A carcass reinforcement 107 is wrapped around the two rods in each bead, the upturn 108 of this armature 107 being for example disposed towards the outside of the tire 100 which is shown here mounted on its rim 109.
L'armature de carcasse 107 est de manière connue en soi constituée d'au moins une nappe de caoutchouc renforcée par des câblés textiles dits "radiaux", c'est-à-dire que ces câblés sont disposés pratiquement parallèles les uns aux autres et s'étendent d'un bourrelet à l'autre de manière à former un angle compris entre 80° et 90° avec le plan circonférentiel médian (plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation du pneumatique qui est situé à mi-distance des deux bourrelets 104 et passe par le milieu de l'armature de sommet 106). La ceinture 106 est par exemple constituée, de manière connue en soi, par au moins deux nappes de caoutchouc dites "nappes de travail" ou "nappes de triangulation", superposées et croisées, renforcées de câbles métalliques disposés sensiblement parallèlement les uns par rapport aux autres et inclinés par rapport au plan circonférentiel médian, ces nappes de travail pouvant être associées ou non à d'autres nappes et/ou tissus de caoutchouc. Ces nappes de travail ont pour fonction première de donner au bandage pneumatique une rigidité de dérive élevée. La ceinture 106 comporte en outre dans cet exemple une nappe de caoutchouc dite "nappe de frettage" renforcée par des fils de renforcement dits "circonférentiels", c'est-à-dire que ces fils de renforcement sont disposés pratiquement parallèles les uns aux autres et s'étendent sensiblement circonférentiellement autour du bandage pneumatique de manière à former un angle préférentiellement compris dans un domaine de 0 à 10° avec le plan circonférentiel médian. Ces fils de renforcement circonférentiels ont pour fonction première, on le rappelle, de résister à la centrifugation du sommet à haute vitesse. The carcass reinforcement 107 is in known manner constituted by at least one rubber ply reinforced by so-called "radial" textile cords, that is to say that these cords are arranged substantially parallel to one another and extend from one bead to the other so as to form an angle of between 80 ° and 90 ° with the median circumferential plane (plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire which is situated halfway between the two beads 104 and goes through the middle of the vertex frame 106). The belt 106 is for example constituted, in a manner known per se, by at least two layers of rubber called "working plies" or "triangulation plies", superimposed and crossed, reinforced with metal cables arranged substantially parallel to each other with respect to others and inclined relative to the median circumferential plane, these working plies may or may not be associated with other plies and / or fabrics of rubber. These working plies have the primary function of giving the tire a high rigidity of drift. The belt 106 further comprises in this example a rubber sheet called "shrink web" reinforced by so-called "circumferential" reinforcing son, that is to say that these reinforcing son are arranged substantially parallel to each other and extend substantially circumferentially around the tire so as to form an angle preferably within a range of 0 to 10 ° with the medial circumferential plane. These circumferential reinforcing son have the primary function, it is recalled, to resist the centrifugation of the top at high speed.
Ce pneumatique 100 de l'invention a par exemple pour caractéristique essentielle qu'au moins la nappe de frettage de sa ceinture (106) et/ou son armature de carcasse (107) comporte un câblé textile selon l'invention. Selon un autre exemple de mode de réalisation possible de l'invention, ce sont par exemple les tringles (105) qui pourraient être constituées, en tout ou partie, d'un câblé textile selon l'invention. Les compositions de caoutchouc utilisées pour ces nappes sont des compositions conventionnelles pour calandrage de renforts textiles, typiquement à base de caoutchouc naturel ou autre élastomère diénique, d'une charge renforçante telle que du noir de carbone, d'un système de vulcanisation et des additifs usuels. L'adhésion entre le câblé textile composite de l'invention et la couche de caoutchouc qui l'enrobe est assurée par exemple par une composition adhésive usuelle, par exemple une colle du type RFL ou colle équivalente. For example, this tire 100 of the invention has the essential feature that at least the shrinking web of its belt (106) and / or its carcass reinforcement (107) comprises a textile cord according to the invention. According to another example of a possible embodiment of the invention, it is for example the rods (105) which could consist, in whole or in part, of a textile cord according to the invention. The rubber compositions used for these plies are conventional compositions for calendering textile reinforcements, typically based on natural rubber or other diene elastomer, a reinforcing filler such as carbon black, a vulcanization system and additives. conventional. The adhesion between the composite textile cord of the invention and the rubber layer which coats it is ensured for example by a usual adhesive composition, for example an adhesive of the RFL type or equivalent adhesive.
Grâce à sa construction spécifique, le câblé textile de l'invention présente des propriétés en traction notablement améliorées, comme le démontrent les exemples de réalisation qui suivent. Due to its specific construction, the textile cord of the invention has significantly improved tensile properties, as demonstrated by the following embodiments.
Dans ces exemples de réalisation, 6 essais de traction différents ont tout d'abord été conduits avec fabrication au total de 13 câblés textiles différents, à base de nylon, rayonne ou aramide, conformes ou non à l'invention. In these exemplary embodiments, 6 different tensile tests were first carried out with a total of 13 different textile cords made of nylon, rayon or aramid, which may or may not be in accordance with the invention.
La nature de chaque exemple de câblé (« T » pour témoin, « C » pour comparatif et « I » pour conforme à l'invention), le matériau utilisé (« N » pour nylon, « R » pour rayonne, « A » pour aramide), sa construction et ses propriétés finales sont résumés dans le tableau 1 annexé. Les filés de départ sont bien entendu disponibles commercialement, par exemple pour le nylon vendus par la société Kordsa sous la dénomination « T728 », ou par la société PHP sous les dénominations « Enka 140HRT ou « Enka 444HRST », pour la rayonne par la société Cordenka sous la dénomination « C610-F Super2 », pour l'aramide par la société Teijin sous la dénomination « Twaron 1000 ». The nature of each example of cord ("T" for control, "C" for comparative and "I" for according to the invention), the material used ("N" for nylon, "R" for rayon, "A" for aramid), its construction and its final properties are summarized in the attached Table 1. The starting yarns are of course commercially available, for example for nylon sold by Kordsa under the name "T728", or by the company PHP under the names "Enka 140HRT or" Enka 444HRST ", for rayon by the company Cordenka under the name "C610-F Super2", for the aramid by the company Teijin under the name "Twaron 1000".
Comme déjà indiqué, la ténacité est la force à la rupture rapportée au titre, elle est exprimée en cN/tex. Est également indiquée la ténacité apparente (en daN/mm2), dans ce cas la force à la rupture est rapportée au diamètre apparent noté 0 qui est mesuré selon la méthode qui suit. On utilise un appareil qui, à l'aide d'un récepteur composé d'un système optique collecteur, d'une photodiode et d'un amplificateur, permet de mesurer l'ombre d'un fil éclairé par un faisceau LASER de lumière parallèle avec une précision de 0,1 micromètre. Un tel appareil est commercialisé par exemple par la société Z-Mike, sous la référence « 1210 ». La méthode consiste à fixer sur une table mobile motorisée, sous une prétension standard de 0,5 cN/tex, un échantillon du fil à mesurer, ayant subi un conditionnement préalable. Solidaire de la table mobile, le fil est déplacé perpendiculairement au système de mesure d'ombre portée à une vitesse de 25 mm/s et coupe orthogonalement le faisceau LASER. Au moins 200 mesures d'ombres portées sont effectuées sur une longueur de 420 mm de fil ; la moyenne de ces mesures d'ombre portée représente le diamètre apparent 0. Pour chaque essai, force rupture, ténacité et ténacité apparente ont été également indiquées en valeurs relatives, la base 100 étant retenue pour le câblé témoin de chaque essai. As already mentioned, toughness is the breaking force reported in the title, it is expressed in cN / tex. Also indicated is the apparent toughness (in daN / mm 2 ), in this case the breaking force is referred to the apparent diameter noted 0 which is measured according to the following method. An apparatus is used which, using a receiver composed of a collecting optical system, a photodiode and an amplifier, makes it possible to measure the shadow of a wire illuminated by a parallel light LASER beam. with an accuracy of 0.1 micrometer. Such a device is marketed for example by the company Z-Mike, under the reference "1210". The method consists in fixing on a motorized moving table, under a standard pretension of 0.5 cN / tex, a sample of the wire to be measured, having been pre-conditioned. Solidary of the moving table, the wire is moved perpendicularly to the shadow measurement system at a speed of 25 mm / s and orthogonally cuts the beam LASER. At least 200 measurements of shadows are made over a length of 420 mm of wire; the average of these drop shadow measurements represents the apparent diameter 0. For each test, breaking strength, toughness and apparent toughness were also indicated in relative values, the base 100 being used for the control cord of each test.
Les câblés témoins (notés « T » dans le tableau 1) se caractérisent tous par une construction conventionnelle à double torsion Tl, T2 ; les autres câblés (comparatifs ou conformes à l'invention) se caractérisent tous par une construction non conventionnelle à triple torsion Tl, T2, T3. Toutefois, seuls les câblés conformes à l'invention cumulent la caractéristique de triple torsion et un module de filé initial supérieur à 800 cN/Tex. Pour aider à la lecture de ce tableau 1, on notera ici que par exemple que la construction notée « N47/-/3/4 » du câblé Cl témoin signifie que ce câblé est un câblé à double torsion (Tl, T2) qui est issu simplement d'une opération de torsion (T2, D2 ou S) de 4 brins différents qui ont été chacun préparés préalablement par une opération de torsion en sens inverse (Tl, Dl ou Z) individuelle de 3 filés de nylon (N) de titre 47 tex. The control cords (denoted "T" in Table 1) are all characterized by a conventional double-twist construction T1, T2; the other cabled (comparative or in accordance with the invention) are all characterized by an unconventional construction with triple torsion Tl, T2, T3. However, only the cords according to the invention combine the triple twist characteristic and an initial yarn modulus greater than 800 cN / Tex. To help reading this table 1, it will be noted here that, for example, the construction denoted by "N47 / - / 3/4" of the control cable C 1 signifies that this cable is a double-twist cable (T1, T2) which is obtained simply from a twisting operation (T2, D2 or S) of 4 different strands which were each prepared beforehand by a reverse twist operation (Tl, Dl or Z) of 3 nylon spun yarns (N) of title 47 tex.
Comparativement, pour la construction notée « N47/1/3/4 » (câblé C2), le câblé textile concerné est un câblé à triple torsion (Tl, T2, T3) qui est issu d'une opération de torsion finale (T3, D2 ou S) de 4 brins différents qui ont été chacun préparés préalablement par une opération de torsion intermédiaire (T2) en sens inverse ( Dl ou Z) de 3 pré-brins, chacun des pré-brins consistant en 1 filé unique de nylon (N) de titre 47 tex qui a été tordu préalablement sur lui-même au cours d'une première opération de torsion Tl dans la même direction Dl (Z). Comparatively, for the construction denoted "N47 / 1/3/4" (wired C2), the textile cord concerned is a triple-twisted cord (T1, T2, T3) which is derived from a final twisting operation (T3, D2 or S) of 4 different strands which have each been prepared beforehand by an intermediate twisting operation (T2) in the opposite direction (D1 or Z) of 3 pre-strands, each of the pre-strands consisting of 1 single nylon spun yarn ( N) of title 47 tex which has been previously twisted on itself during a first Tl twist operation in the same direction Dl (Z).
Les 6 exemples de câblés témoins (notés « T ») Cl, C3, C5, C7, C9 et C12 se caractérisent tous par une construction à double torsion ; ils ont été fabriqués par assemblage de 2, 3 ou 4 brins selon une (deuxième) torsion finale (notée T2) de 150 à 300 t/m, correspondant à un coefficient de torsion K2 variant de 175 à 215, et une direction D2 (sens S). De manière conventionnelle, chacun de ces brins avait été préalablement fabriqué par une (première) torsion initiale (notée Tl) de 150 à 300 t/m selon les cas d'un filé sur lui-même selon la direction opposée Dl (sens Z). The 6 examples of control cords (denoted "T") C1, C3, C5, C7, C9 and C12 are all characterized by a double twist construction; they were manufactured by assembling 2, 3 or 4 strands according to a (second) final twist (denoted T2) of 150 to 300 t / m, corresponding to a torsion coefficient K2 ranging from 175 to 215, and a direction D2 ( sense S). Conventionally, each of these strands had been previously manufactured by a (initial) initial twist (denoted Tl) of 150 to 300 t / m depending on the case of a yarn on itself in the opposite direction Dl (Z direction) .
Les 4 exemples de câblés selon l'invention (notés « I » et en gras dans le tableau 1) C8, C10, Ci l et C13 se caractérisent tous par une construction à triple torsion Tl, T2, T3 (dans ces exemple, Z/Z/S) ; ils ont été fabriqués par assemblage de 3 ou 4 brins selon une torsion finale (notée T3) de 150 à 300 t/m, correspondant à un coefficient de torsion K3 variant de 180 à 215, et une direction D2 (sens S). Conformément à l'invention, chacun de ces brins avait été préalablement fabriqué par assemblage de 3 pré-brins selon une torsion T2 (110 à 240 t/m selon les cas) et une direction opposée Dl (sens Z), chacun de ces pré-brins ayant été lui- même préparé préalablement par une torsion Tl (40 à 120 t/m selon les cas) d'un filé sur lui- même selon la direction Dl (sens Z). Quant aux 3 exemples comparatifs de câblés non conformes à l'invention (notés « C ») C2, C4 et C6, ils se caractérisent tous par une construction à triple torsion Tl, T2, T3. Ils ont été préparés rigoureusement comme les câbles conformes à l'invention, la seule différence résidant dans le fait que les filés constitutifs de ces câblés, tous en nylon, présentaient un module initial Mi qui est nettement inférieur à 800 cN/tex. The 4 examples of cords according to the invention (denoted "I" and in bold in Table 1) C8, C10, C11 and C13 are all characterized by a triple torsion construction T1, T2, T3 (in these examples, Z / Z / S); they were manufactured by assembling 3 or 4 strands in a final twist (denoted T3) of 150 to 300 t / m, corresponding to a torsion coefficient K3 ranging from 180 to 215, and a direction D2 (direction S). According to the invention, each of these strands had been previously manufactured by assembling 3 pre-strands according to a T2 twist (110 to 240 t / m as appropriate) and an opposite direction Dl (Z direction), each of these pre-strands. -brins having itself been prepared beforehand by a twist T1 (40 to 120 t / m depending on the case) of a yarn on itself in the direction Dl (Z direction). As for the 3 comparative examples of cords not conforming to the invention (denoted "C") C2, C4 and C6, they are all characterized by a triple torsion construction T1, T2, T3. They were rigorously prepared as the cables according to the invention, the only difference residing in the fact that the constituent yarns of these cords, all made of nylon, had an initial modulus Mi which is clearly less than 800 cN / tex.
A la lecture détaillée de ce tableau 1, on note tout d'abord, pour les essais 1 à 3, tous conduits avec des filés en nylon (module initial de 440 cN/tex environ), que le passage de la double torsion (Cl, C3 et C5) à la triple torsion (C2, C4 et C6) ne s'accompagne d'aucune modification notable de la force rupture ni des autres propriétés (0 et titre). A detailed reading of this table 1, we note first, for tests 1 to 3, all conduits with nylon yarns (initial module 440 cN / tex approximately), that the passage of the double twist (Cl , C3 and C5) at triple torsion (C2, C4 and C6) is not accompanied by any significant change in breaking force or other properties (0 and title).
Par contre, pour les essais 4 à 6, conduits avec des filés dont le module initial Mi est supérieur à 800 cN/tex, plus précisément des filés en rayonne (Mi de 1000 cN/tex environ) ou en aramide (Mi de 4000 cN/tex environ), on peut observer que le passage de la construction double torsion (C7, C9 et C12) à la construction triple torsion (C8, C10, Ci l et C13), toutes choses égales par ailleurs, s'accompagne de manière inattendue : On the other hand, for tests 4 to 6, carried out with yarns whose initial modulus Mi is greater than 800 cN / tex, more precisely rayon yarns (M n of about 1000 cN / tex) or aramid (mw of 4000 cN / tex about), it can be seen that the transition from the double torsion construction (C7, C9 and C12) to the triple torsion construction (C8, C10, Ci l and C13), all things being equal, is accompanied by unexpectedly:
- d'une amélioration d'au moins 5% de la force à la rupture, ce qui est tout à fait significatif pour l'homme du métier ; - An improvement of at least 5% of the force at break, which is quite significant for the skilled person;
- combinée à une diminution notable du diamètre apparent 0 et du titre, indicateurs clairs d'une meilleure compacité du câblé selon l'invention et in fine de la qualité du renfort, grâce à sa construction très spécifique ;  - Combined with a significant decrease in the apparent diameter 0 and title, clear indicators of a better compactness of the cord according to the invention and ultimately the quality of the reinforcement, thanks to its very specific construction;
- le tout se traduisant finalement par une augmentation de plus de 10% de la ténacité apparente ;  - all resulting finally in an increase of more than 10% of the apparent tenacity;
- les gains en force à la rupture et en ténacité apparente pouvant même dépasser respectivement 15% et 25 %> dans le cas du câblé C13 selon l'invention.  the gains in breaking strength and apparent toughness may even exceed 15% and 25% respectively in the case of the C13 cord according to the invention.
Les essais ci-dessus ont été complétés par un essai supplémentaire (essai 7 du tableau 1) conduits sur deux autres câblés textiles différents C14 (témoin) et C15 (invention), cette fois à base de polyester (P), du type PEN (« A701 » de la société Honeywell ; filé de titre 110 tex ayant un module initial en extension d'environ 1700 cN/tex). The above tests were completed by an additional test (test 7 of Table 1) carried out on two other different textile cords C14 (control) and C15 (invention), this time based on polyester (P), of the PEN type ( "A701" from Honeywell, 110 tex title yarn having an initial module in extension of about 1700 cN / tex).
De manière analogue aux constructions commentées précédemment, la construction notée « P110/-/3/2 » du câblé C14 témoin signifie que ce câblé est un câblé à double torsion (Tl, T2) qui est issu simplement d'une opération de torsion (T2 de 260 t/m, D2 ou S) de 2 brins différents qui ont été chacun préparés préalablement par une opération de torsion en sens inverse (Tl de 260 t/m, Dl ou Z) individuelle de 3 filés de polyester (P) de titre 110 tex. Comparativement, pour la construction notée « PI 10/1/3/2 » du câblé C15 conforme à l'invention, le câblé textile concerné est un câblé à triple torsion (Tl, T2, T3) qui est issu d'une opération de torsion finale (T3 de 260 t/m, D2 ou S) de 2 brins différents qui ont été chacun préparés préalablement par une opération de torsion intermédiaire (T2 de 155 t/m) en sens inverse (Dl ou Z) de 3 pré-brins, chacun des pré-brins consistant en 1 filé unique de polyester (P) de titre 110 tex qui a été tordu préalablement sur lui-même au cours d'une première opération de torsion Tl (105 t/m) dans la même direction Dl (Z). In a similar manner to the previously commented constructions, the construction denoted "P110 / - / 3/2" of the control cable C14 means that this cord is a double-twisted cord (T1, T2) which is simply the result of a twisting operation ( T2 of 260 t / m, D2 or S) of 2 different strands which were each prepared beforehand by a reverse twist operation (T1 of 260 t / m, Dl or Z) of 3 individual polyester yarns (P) of title 110 tex. Comparatively, for the construction denoted "PI 10/1/3/2" of the cable C15 according to the invention, the textile cord concerned is a triple-twisted cord (T1, T2, T3) which comes from a final torsion (T3 of 260 t / m, D2 or S) of 2 different strands which were each prepared beforehand by an intermediate torsion operation (T2 of 155 t / m) in the opposite direction (D1 or Z) of 3 pre- strands, each of the pre-strands consisting of 1 single polyester yarn (P) of title 110 tex which has been previously twisted on itself during a first Tl twist operation (105 t / m) in the same direction D1 (Z).
Les résultats obtenus ont été ajoutés au tableau 1, ils confirment la supériorité du câblé C15 de l'invention par rapport au câblé témoin C14, avec une augmentation proche de 5% pour la force à la rupture et de 10% pour la ténacité apparente, s 'accompagnant d'une diminution du diamètre apparent et du titre. The results obtained were added to Table 1, they confirm the superiority of the C15 cord of the invention compared to the control cord C14, with an increase close to 5% for the breaking force and 10% for the apparent toughness, accompanied by a decrease in the apparent diameter and the title.
En conclusion, grâce à l'invention, il est désormais possible, pour un matériau et une torsion finale donnés, d'améliorer les propriétés de compacité, de force à la rupture et ténacité des câblés textiles utilisables pour le renforcement des pneumatiques, et ainsi d'optimiser encore l'architecture de ces derniers. In conclusion, thanks to the invention, it is now possible, for a given material and a final twist, to improve the properties of compactness, breaking strength and toughness of textile cords used for reinforcing tires, and thus to further optimize the architecture of these.
Tableau 1 Table 1
Propriétés mécaniques  Mechanical properties
Module Coefficient de  Coefficient module
Torsions t/m Force Ténacité Twists t / m Strength Toughness
N° Réf. Nature Construction Initial du torsion 0 Titre Ténacité No. Ref. Nature Initial Construction of Twist 0 Title Toughness
rupture apparent apparente Essai Câblé Câblé du Câblé Filé  apparently apparent rupture Test Wired Wired Wired Wired
cN/tex Tl T2 Kl K2  cN / tex Tl T2 Kl K2
daN mm tex cN/tex daN/mm2 daN mm tex cN / tex daN / mm 2
Tl T2 T3 Kl K2 K3 T1 T2 T3 Kl K2 K3
1 Cl T N47/-/3/4 440 0 250Z 250S 0 88 176 35,3 100 1,05 638 55 100 41 100 1 Cl T N47 / - / 3/4 440 0 250Z 250S 0 88 176 35.3 100 1.05 638 55 100 41 100
C2 c N47/1/3/4 440 100Z 150Z 250S 20 53 176 34,1 97 1,02 642 53 96 42 102C2 c N47 / 1/3/4 440 100Z 150Z 250S 20 53 176 34.1 97 1.02 642 53 96 42 102
2 C3 T N94/-/2/3 440 0 260Z 260S 0 106 183 41,2 100 1,03 636 65 100 50 1002 C3 T N94 / - / 2/3 440 0 260Z 260S 0 106 183 41.2 100 1.03 636 65 100 50 100
C4 c N94/1/2/3 440 100Z 160Z 260S 29 65 183 42,3 103 1,04 640 66 102 50 100C4 c N94 / 1/2/3 440 100Z 160Z 260S 29 65 183 42.3 103 1.04 640 66 102 50 100
3 C5 T N 140/-/2/2 440 0 250Z 250S 0 124 175 44,5 100 1,02 613 73 100 54 1003 C5 T N 140 / - / 2/2 440 0 250Z 250S 0 124 175 44.5 100 1.02 613 73 100 54 100
C6 c N 140/1/2/2 440 100Z 150Z 250S 35 74 175 43,5 98 1,03 608 72 99 52 96C6 c N 140/1/2/2 440 100Z 150Z 250S 35 74 175 43.5 98 1.03 608 72 99 52 96
4 C7 T R122/-/3/4 1000 0 180Z 180S 0 90 180 46,5 100 1,56 1730 27 100 24 1004 C7 T R122 / - / 3/4 1000 0 180Z 180S 0 90 180 46.5 100 1.56 1730 27 100 24 100
C8 1 R122/1/3/4 1000 40Z 140Z 180S 12 70 180 48,7 105 1,52 1719 28 105 27 113C8 1 R122 / 1/3/4 1000 40Z 140Z 180S 12 70 180 48.7 105 1.52 1719 28 105 27 113
5 C9 T A55/-/3/4 4000 0 300Z 300S 0 102 203 110,6 100 1,07 777 142 100 122 1005 C9 T A55 / - / 3/4 4000 0 300Z 300S 0 102 203 110.6 100 1.07 777 142 100 122 100
CIO 1 A55/1/3/4 4000 60Z 240Z 300S 12 81 203 119,4 108 1,03 764 156 110 143 117IOC 1 A55 / 1/3/4 4000 60Z 240Z 300S 12 81 203 119.4 108 1.03 764 156 110 143 117
Cil 1 A55/1/3/4 4000 120Z 180Z 300S 23 61 203 116,9 106 1,04 765 153 108 137 112Cyl 1 A55 / 1/3/4 4000 120Z 180Z 300S 23 61 203 116.9 106 1.04 765 153 108 137 112
6 C12 T A330/-/3/3 4000 0 150Z 150S 0 124 215 404,2 100 2,48 3482 116 100 84 1006 C12 T A330 / - / 3/3 4000 0 150Z 150S 0 124 215 404.2 100 2.48 3482 116 100 84 100
C13 1 A330/1/3/3 4000 40Z 110Z 150S 19 91 215 467,8 116 2,37 3428 136 117 106 126C13 1 A330 / 1/3/3 4000 40Z 110Z 150S 19 91 215 467.8 116 2.37 3428 136 117 106 126
7 C14 T P110/-/3/2 1700 0 260Z 260S 0 128 181 43,3 100 1,08 749 58 100 47 1007 C14 T P110 / - / 3/2 1700 0 260Z 260S 0 128 181 43.3 100 1.08 749 58 100 47 100
C15 1 P110/1/3/2 1700 105Z 155Z 260S 30 76 181 44,9 104 1,06 743 60 104 51 108 C15 1 P110 / 1/3/2 1700 105Z 155Z 260S 30 76 181 44.9 104 1.06 743 60 104 51 108

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Câblé textile (30, 50) à au moins triple torsion (Tl, T2, T3), comportant au moins N brins (20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d), N étant supérieur à 1, retordus ensemble selon une torsion T3 et une direction D2, chaque brin étant constitué de M pré-brins (10, 10a, 10b, 10c), M étant supérieur à 1, eux-mêmes tordus ensemble selon une torsion T2 (T2a, T2b, T2c, T2d) et une direction Dl opposée à D2, chaque pré-brin consistant lui-même en un filé (5) qui a été tordu préalablement sur lui-même selon une torsion Tl (Tla, Tlb, Tic) et la direction Dl, dans lequel au moins la moitié des N fois M filés présente un module initial en extension noté Mi qui est supérieur à 800 cN/tex. 1. Fabricated cord (30, 50) with at least triple torsion (T1, T2, T3), having at least N strands (20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d), N being greater than 1, twisted together in a twist T3 and a direction D2, each strand consisting of M pre-strands (10, 10a, 10b, 10c), M being greater than 1, themselves twisted together in a T2 twist (T2a, T2b, T2c, T2d) and a direction D1 opposite to D2, each pre-strand itself consisting of a yarn (5) which has been previously twisted on itself in a twist T1 (Tla, Tlb, Tic) and the direction D1, in which at least half of the N times M spun has an initial modulus in extension noted Mi which is greater than 800 cN / tex.
2. Câblé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel N varie dans un domaine de 2 à 6, de préférence de 2 à 4. The cable of claim 1, wherein N varies in a range from 2 to 6, preferably from 2 to 4.
3. Câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, dans lequel M varie dans un domaine de 2 à 6, de préférence de 2 à 4. The cable of any of claims 1 or 2, wherein M varies in a range from 2 to 6, preferably from 2 to 4.
4. Câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel le nombre total N fois M de filés est compris dans un domaine de 4 à 25, de préférence de 4 à 16. 4. The cable of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the total number N times M of yarns is in a range from 4 to 25, preferably from 4 to 16.
5. Câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel la torsion Tl exprimée en tours par mètre est comprise entre 10 et 350, de préférence entre 20 et 200. 5. Wired according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the twist T1 expressed in revolutions per meter is between 10 and 350, preferably between 20 and 200.
6. Câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel chaque pré-brin présente un coefficient de torsion Kl qui est compris entre 2 et 80, de préférence entre 6 et 70. 6. The cable of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein each pre-strand has a torsion coefficient K1 which is between 2 and 80, preferably between 6 and 70.
7. Câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel la torsion T2 exprimée en tours par mètre est comprise entre 25 et 470, de préférence entre 35 et 400. 7. The cable of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the T2 twist expressed in revolutions per meter is between 25 and 470, preferably between 35 and 400.
8. Câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel chaque brin présente un coefficient de torsion K2 qui est compris entre 10 et 150, de préférence entre 20 et 130. The cord according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein each strand has a torsion coefficient K2 which is between 10 and 150, preferably between 20 and 130.
9. Câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel la torsion T3 exprimée en tours par mètre est comprise entre 30 et 600, de préférence entre 80 et 500. The cord according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the twist T3 expressed in revolutions per meter is between 30 and 600, preferably between 80 and 500.
10. Câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, présentant un coefficient de torsion K3 qui est compris entre 50 et 500, de préférence entre 80 et 230. 10. The cable according to any one of claims 1 to 9, having a torsion coefficient K3 which is between 50 and 500, preferably between 80 and 230.
11. Câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel T2 est supérieure à Tl . The cable of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein T2 is greater than T1.
12. Câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, dans lequel T3 est supérieure à T2.  The cable of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein T3 is greater than T2.
13. Câblé selon la revendication 12, dans lequel T2 est comprise entre 0,2 et 0,95 fois T3, de préférence entre 0,4 et 0,8 fois T3.  The cable of claim 12, wherein T2 is 0.2 to 0.95 times T3, preferably 0.4 to 0.8 times T3.
14. Câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, dans lequel la somme T1+T2 est comprise entre 0,8 et 1,2 fois T3, de préférence entre 0,9 et 1,1 fois T3.  14. A wired according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the sum T1 + T2 is between 0.8 and 1.2 times T3, preferably between 0.9 and 1.1 times T3.
15. Câblé selon la revendication 14, dans lequel la somme T1+T2 est égale à T3.  The cable of claim 14, wherein the sum T1 + T2 is equal to T3.
16. Câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, dans lequel la la totalité des N fois M filés présentent un module Mi supérieur à 800 cN/tex.  The cable of any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein all of the N times spun have a Mi modulus greater than 800 cN / tex.
17. Câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, dans lequel au moins la moitié des N fois M filés présentent un module Mi supérieur à 1000 cN/tex.  The cable of any of claims 1 to 16, wherein at least half of the spun N times have a Mi modulus greater than 1000 cN / tex.
18. Câblé selon la revendication 17, dans lequel la totalité des N fois M filés présentent un module Mi supérieur à 1000 cN/tex, de préférence supérieur à 1200 cN/tex. The cable of claim 17, wherein all of the N times spun have a Mi modulus greater than 1000 cN / tex, preferably greater than 1200 cN / tex.
19. Utilisation d'un câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18, pour le renforcement d'un article ou produit semi-fini en matière plastique ou en caoutchouc.  19. Use of a cord according to any one of claims 1 to 18, for the reinforcement of an article or semi-finished product of plastic or rubber.
20. Article ou produit semi-fini en matière plastique ou en caoutchouc renforcé d'un câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18.  20. An article or semi-finished product of plastic or cord-reinforced rubber according to any one of claims 1 to 18.
21. Utilisation d'un câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18, pour le renforcement d ' un pneumatique .  21. Use of a cord according to any one of claims 1 to 18 for the reinforcement of a tire.
22. Pneumatique renforcé d'un câblé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18.  22. A tire reinforced with a cord according to any one of claims 1 to 18.
EP15807849.3A 2014-12-09 2015-12-07 Textile cord having an at least triple twist Active EP3230505B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1462101A FR3029539B1 (en) 2014-12-09 2014-12-09 TEXTILE CABLE WITH AT LEAST TRIPLE TORSION
PCT/EP2015/078833 WO2016091809A1 (en) 2014-12-09 2015-12-07 Textile cord having an at least triple twist

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EP3230505A1 true EP3230505A1 (en) 2017-10-18
EP3230505B1 EP3230505B1 (en) 2019-07-17

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US (1) US20170327976A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3230505B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6778191B2 (en)
KR (1) KR102408760B1 (en)
CN (1) CN107002354B (en)
FR (1) FR3029539B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2016091809A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3029542B1 (en) 2014-12-09 2017-07-28 Michelin & Cie TEXTILE CABLE HIGH MODULE AT AT LEAST TRIPLE TORSION
FR3034435B1 (en) 2015-03-31 2018-03-02 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin HYBRID REINFORCING ELEMENT WITH DIFFERENTIATED TORSIONS
US20210025084A1 (en) 2018-03-20 2021-01-28 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Improved aramid textile cord with an at least triple twist
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FR3102089A1 (en) 2019-10-16 2021-04-23 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin PNEUMATICS PRESENTING AN IMPROVED UNIFORMITY AND ITS MANUFACTURING PROCESS
KR102422987B1 (en) * 2019-11-21 2022-07-19 더 굿이어 타이어 앤드 러버 캄파니 A tire textile cord

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WO2016091809A1 (en) 2016-06-16
KR102408760B1 (en) 2022-06-15
FR3029539B1 (en) 2017-05-19
CN107002354B (en) 2019-11-01
JP2017538049A (en) 2017-12-21
CN107002354A (en) 2017-08-01
EP3230505B1 (en) 2019-07-17
FR3029539A1 (en) 2016-06-10
KR20170093824A (en) 2017-08-16
JP6778191B2 (en) 2020-10-28
US20170327976A1 (en) 2017-11-16

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