EP3224559B1 - Vacuum insulation body - Google Patents

Vacuum insulation body Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3224559B1
EP3224559B1 EP15797595.4A EP15797595A EP3224559B1 EP 3224559 B1 EP3224559 B1 EP 3224559B1 EP 15797595 A EP15797595 A EP 15797595A EP 3224559 B1 EP3224559 B1 EP 3224559B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vacuum
insulation body
vacuum insulation
opening
body according
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Application number
EP15797595.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3224559A1 (en
Inventor
Jochen Hiemeyer
Michael Freitag
Martin Kerstner
Richard Stocker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Liebherr Hausgeraete Lienz GmbH
Liebherr Hausgeraete Ochsenhausen GmbH
Original Assignee
Liebherr Hausgeraete Lienz GmbH
Liebherr Hausgeraete Ochsenhausen GmbH
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Publication of EP3224559A1 publication Critical patent/EP3224559A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/38—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/06—Walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D43/00—Lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00—Insulation
    • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/14—Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vacuum insulation body with at least one vacuum-tight casing and with at least one vacuum region which is surrounded by the casing, the casing being provided with at least one opening, in particular with at least one evacuation port, for evacuating the vacuum region and wherein in the vacuum insulation body there is at least one adsorbing material which is arranged partially or entirely in the area of said opening.
  • Such vacuum insulation bodies are usually constructed from a vacuum-tight envelope that surrounds at least one vacuum area surrounded by the envelope. This contains a support or core material that gives the vacuum insulation body the necessary mechanical stability and also prevents the sides of the casing from touching each other when there is a vacuum.
  • a material with a high adsorption capacity for water into the vacuum area in order to keep the partial pressure in the vacuum area low even when water vapor penetrates.
  • Zeolite for example, can be considered as such a material.
  • Materials that keep their partial pressure low (“getter”) through chemisorption of oxygen and nitrogen can also be considered and also serve to delay the aging of the vacuum insulation body due to the entry of these gases and thus maintain the thermal insulation properties for as long as possible.
  • the vacuum insulation body In order to generate vacuum in the vacuum area, the vacuum insulation body is provided with an evacuation nozzle to which negative pressure is applied and through which the gas is withdrawn from the vacuum area. All or a significant portion of the gas must be removed from the interior of the vacuum insulation body or from the core material through the evacuation nozzle.
  • the adsorbing material can be arranged in the area of the opening of the vacuum insulation body or its casing, which makes vacuum generation more efficient.
  • the evacuation port which is, for example, a film tube, is sealed in a diffusion-tight manner, i.e. vacuum-tight, for example by thermal sealing.
  • a vacuum insulated panel and a method for producing such a panel are known, wherein the vacuum insulated panel consists of rigid materials arranged on the circumference, for example welded metal wall elements or the like.
  • the present invention is based on the object of developing a vacuum insulation body of the type mentioned in such a way that the vacuum formation can be carried out in a particularly reliable and cost-effective manner.
  • a vacuum insulation body with the features of claim 1, after which it is provided that at least one plate is arranged around the opening and within the vacuum area, which forms a wall of the room in which the adsorbing material is located.
  • the plate prevents the covering or the enveloping film of the vacuum insulation body from replicating the contour of the adsorbing material, which can be present, for example, as beads or bed, which would possibly even damage the film.
  • the plate therefore protects the wrapping film from damage caused by the adsorbing material, which may press into the film or wrapping without the plate. This pressing in or replication of the contour can not only damage the casing, but also lead to flow channels between the beads etc. being blocked.
  • there are flow channels between the adsorbing material and the plate since the plate is designed in such a way that the adsorbing material does not press into the plate or at best only insignificantly, even when a vacuum is formed.
  • Another advantage of the plate is a good coupling option for a heating device, such as a heating plate for heating during the evacuation process.
  • the plate is located within the vacuum region and delimits the space in which the adsorbing material is located at least on one side, preferably on the side of the casing.
  • At least one molded part is arranged between the adsorbing material and the opening, which has one or more molded part openings whose flow cross section is larger than the flow cross section of the opening of the casing.
  • a flow distributor improves the flow transition or reduces the flow resistance between the adsorbing material and the evacuation port because the free flow cross section is increased. This is achieved by the flow cross section of the molding being larger than the diameter of the opening the covering, so that a larger surface area is available for the flow to pass through. It is therefore possible for a laminar flow to exist even at a low pressure range.
  • the molded part serves as a primary flow distributor or means for promoting the flow. It can be designed as an injection molded component.
  • the molded part can also form a receptacle for the clamping device for the film tube welding of the evacuation nozzle and/or for the tube of the evacuation device.
  • the adsorbing material is in the form of a plurality of individual bodies, preferably in the form of a plurality of individual balls or other spherical bodies and particularly preferably in the form of a bed.
  • At least one filter material in particular at least one flow material, is arranged which extends between the core material, such as perlite, of the vacuum insulation body and the adsorbing material.
  • This filter material thus forms, as it were, the barrier or the boundary between the core material of the vacuum insulation body and the adsorbing material that is located in the area of the opening of the casing.
  • the filter material can be, for example, a fleece.
  • the filter material can be thermally sealed with said plate and/or with said molded part to improve flow and/or with the casing itself.
  • the vacuum-tight covering consists of a high-barrier film. It can also be provided that it is equipped with a sealable layer on both sides.
  • the vacuum-tight casing extends around the opening of the casing. It preferably adjoins the plate on the outside, so that the plate is arranged in the vacuum area.
  • the plate mentioned and the molded body mentioned consist of different parts which, for example, are locked together or thermally sealed or are otherwise connected to one another.
  • the invention also includes the case that the plate and the molded body consist of one and the same part or are made in one piece overall.
  • the adsorbing material is arranged immediately adjacent to the opening of the casing and/or immediately adjacent to the molded part; it is also conceivable that the adsorbing material is arranged in such a way that it has the said opening and /or surrounds the molded part.
  • the adsorbent material may be arranged in an area adjacent to the opening and/or the molding. It is preferably arranged so that the gas passing through the opening during vacuum generation passes partially or entirely through the adsorbing material.
  • the adsorbing material is designed in such a way that it adsorbs water and/or nitrogen and/or oxygen. It is conceivable that the adsorbed material is at least one getter and/or zeolite. In addition or as an alternative to zeolite, another or additional desiccant can also be used. The term zeolite is therefore also a placeholder for any other dryer.
  • the present invention further relates to a heat-insulated container, preferably a refrigerator and/or freezer with at least one body and at least one temperature-controlled and preferably cooled interior, which is surrounded by the body and with at least one closure element by means of which the temperature-controlled and preferably cooled interior can be closed, whereby there is at least one intermediate space between the temperature-controlled and preferably cooled interior and the outer wall of the container and preferably device, in which there is at least one vacuum insulation body according to the invention.
  • a heat-insulated container preferably a refrigerator and/or freezer with at least one body and at least one temperature-controlled and preferably cooled interior, which is surrounded by the body and with at least one closure element by means of which the temperature-controlled and preferably cooled interior can be closed, whereby there is at least one intermediate space between the temperature-controlled and preferably cooled interior and the outer wall of the container and preferably device, in which there is at least one vacuum insulation body according to the invention.
  • the vacuum insulation body can thus be arranged between the outer jacket and the inner container of the body or between the outside and inside of the door or another closure element.
  • thermal insulation which consists of a full vacuum system
  • thermal insulation that consists exclusively or predominantly of an evacuated area that is filled with a core material.
  • This area can be limited, for example, by a vacuum-tight film and preferably by a High barrier film can be formed.
  • thermal insulation between the inner wall of the container, preferably device, and the outer skin of the container, preferably device, only such a film body can be present as thermal insulation, which has an area surrounded by a vacuum-tight film, in which there is a vacuum and in which a core material is arranged.
  • Foaming and/or vacuum insulation panels as thermal insulation or any other thermal insulation other than the full vacuum system between the inside and the outside of the container or device are preferably not provided.
  • This preferred type of thermal insulation in the form of a full vacuum system can extend between the wall delimiting the interior and the outer skin of the body and/or between the inside and the outside of the closure element, such as a door, flap, lid or the like.
  • the full vacuum system can be obtained by filling a casing made of a gas-tight film with a core material and then sealing it in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • both the filling and the vacuum-tight sealing of the casing take place at normal or ambient pressure.
  • the evacuation is then carried out by connecting a suitable interface incorporated into the casing, for example an evacuation nozzle, which can have a valve, to a vacuum pump.
  • a suitable interface incorporated into the casing for example an evacuation nozzle, which can have a valve
  • normal or ambient pressure prevails outside the envelope during the evacuation.
  • a vacuum chamber can be dispensed with during the production of the vacuum insulation.
  • the adsorbent material preferably consists of zeolite beads and/or beads of another dry material. These are separated from the core material (e.g. perlite) of the vacuum insulation body, preferably by a filter fleece.
  • the latter is preferably welded onto the plate mentioned and onto the flow distributor, i.e. the molded part.
  • the plate and the flow distributor or the molded part can be connected to one another by a snap connection or otherwise.
  • the filter material protrudes outwards on all sides beyond the plate, which is also referred to as the base plate, since the complete component, including a piece of the high-barrier film, is thereby easily connected to the sealing layer of the (further) high-barrier film of the vacuum insulation body can be.
  • the entire component (molded part, base plate and fleece) is attached to a piece of high-barrier film, which is equipped with sealable layers on both sides, as this allows the entire group to be integrated into a process using a simple sealing connection.
  • an assembly comprising the molded part, the base plate, the fleece and possibly the adsorbent material as well as a piece of a high-barrier film is preferably formed, it being preferably provided that the high-barrier film of the assembly has the greatest extent, i.e. forms the edge regions of the assembly.
  • This assembly can be prepared as such and then connected to the high-barrier film of the vacuum-tight enclosure, with the high-barrier film of the assembly being inserted into an opening in the high-barrier film vacuum-tight covering is used and is connected in a vacuum-tight manner to the high-barrier film of the vacuum-tight covering and is preferably sealed.
  • thermal sealing of them together for example, also comes into consideration.
  • a vacuum-tight or diffusion-tight covering or a vacuum-tight or diffusion-tight connection or the term high-barrier film is preferably understood to mean a covering or a connection or a film by means of which the gas entry into the vacuum insulation body is reduced to such an extent that the gas entry conditional increase in the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation body over its service life is sufficiently low.
  • the lifespan is, for example, a period of 15 years, preferably 20 years and particularly preferably 30 years.
  • the increase in the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation body caused by gas entry over its service life is ⁇ 100% and particularly preferably ⁇ 50%.
  • the area-specific gas transmission rate of the covering or the connection or the high-barrier film is preferably ⁇ 10-5 mbar * I / s *m 2 and particularly preferably ⁇ 10-6 mbar * I / s *m 2 (measured according to ASTM D-3985) .
  • This gas passage rate applies to nitrogen and oxygen.
  • there are also low gas passage rates preferably in the range of ⁇ 10-2 mbar * l / s * m 2 and particularly preferably in the range of ⁇ 10-3 mbar * l / s * m 2 (measured according to ASTM F -1249-90).
  • the aforementioned small increases in thermal conductivity are achieved through these low gas passage rates.
  • a wrapping system known from the area of vacuum panels is so-called high-barrier films.
  • this preferably means single or multi-layer films (which are preferably sealable) with one or more barrier layers (typically metallic layers or oxide layers, with aluminum or an aluminum oxide preferably being used as the metal or oxide), which The requirements mentioned above (increase in thermal conductivity and/or area-specific gas transmission rate) are sufficient as a barrier against gas entry.
  • the temperature-controlled interior is either cooled or heated, depending on the type of device (refrigerator, warming cabinet, etc.).
  • Heat-insulated containers in the sense of the present invention have at least one temperature-controlled interior, which can be cooled or heated, so that a temperature in the interior is below or above the ambient temperature of, for example, 21 ° C.
  • the invention is therefore not limited to refrigerators and/or freezers but generally relates to devices with a temperature-controlled interior, for example also warming cabinets or warming chests.
  • the container according to the invention is a refrigerator and/or freezer, in particular a household appliance or a commercial refrigerator.
  • a refrigerator and/or freezer in particular a household appliance or a commercial refrigerator.
  • it includes devices that are designed for stationary placement in the home, in a hotel room, in a commercial kitchen or in a bar.
  • it can also be a wine refrigerator.
  • the devices according to the invention can have an interface for connection to a power supply, in particular to a household power network (e.g. a plug) and/or a standing or installation aid such as adjustable feet or an interface for fixation within a furniture niche.
  • the device can be a built-in device or a free-standing device.
  • the container or the device is preferably designed in such a way that it can be operated with an alternating voltage, such as a house mains voltage of, for example, 120 V and 60 Hz or 230 V and 50 Hz.
  • an alternating voltage such as a house mains voltage of, for example, 120 V and 60 Hz or 230 V and 50 Hz.
  • the container or the device is designed in such a way that it can be operated with direct current with a voltage of, for example, 5 V, 12 V or 24 V.
  • a plug-in power supply is provided inside or outside the device, via which the device is operated. Operation with direct voltage can be used in particular if the container has a thermoelectric heat pump for controlling the temperature of the interior.
  • the refrigerator and/or freezer has a cabinet-like shape and has a usable space that is accessible to a user at its front (in the case of a chest, at the top).
  • the usable space can be divided into several compartments, all of which operate at the same or different temperatures. Alternatively, only one compartment can be provided.
  • Storage aids such as storage compartments, drawers or bottle holders (in the case of a chest also room dividers) can also be provided within the usable space or a compartment in order to ensure optimal storage of refrigerated or frozen goods and optimal use of space.
  • the usable space can be closed by at least one door that can pivot about a vertical axis.
  • a flap that can be pivoted about a horizontal axis or a sliding lid is conceivable as a closure element.
  • the door or another closure element can be connected to the body in a substantially airtight manner using a circumferential magnetic seal.
  • the door or another closure element is also thermally insulated, whereby the thermal insulation can be achieved using foaming and possibly using vacuum insulation panels, or also preferably using a vacuum system and particularly preferably using a full vacuum system. If necessary, door racks can be provided on the inside of the door so that refrigerated goods can also be stored there.
  • the usable space which is defined by the inner wall of the container, has, for example, a volume of less than 0.5 m 3 , less than 0.4 m 3 or less than 0.3 m 3 .
  • the external dimensions of the container or device are preferably in the range of up to 1 m in terms of height, width and depth.
  • the only figure shows a perspective sectional view of an exemplary structure of a vacuum insulation body according to the invention in the area of the evacuation nozzle.
  • the vacuum insulation body comprises a high-barrier film 10, which encloses a vacuum area which, according to the figure, extends above the illustrated section of the high-barrier film 10.
  • the arrangement according to the figure can also be provided as such, ie as an assembly (with or without a dryer or getter 60) and then with the Another high-barrier film of the vacuum insulation body can be connected in a vacuum-tight manner as part of the manufacturing process.
  • the reference numeral 20 denotes the plate or base plate, which is made of a material that is resistant to the introduction of zeolite beads during vacuum formation, so that the beads cannot press into the material of the base plate 20.
  • the reference number 30 denotes a filter fleece in order to separate the core material, not shown, which is located above the filter fleece and above the high-barrier film from the sorption pump or from the space R.
  • the space R contains the adsorbing material 60, which can be, for example, zeolite beads or a bed of zeolite beads.
  • reference number 40 denotes the molded part according to the invention, which serves as a flow distributor or flow mediator from the room to the evacuation nozzle 50.
  • the evacuation nozzle 50 consists of a foil tube and is also vacuum-tight.
  • the evacuation nozzle 50 also consists of a high-barrier film. It is connected to the high-barrier film 10 in a suitable vacuum-tight manner.
  • the flow distributor has an upper plate-shaped section 41 to which the filter fleece 30 is attached. Furthermore, a lower section 42 is shown, which is, for example, thermally sealed or otherwise connected to the plate 10. Between the areas 41 and 42 extends a circumferential area 43, which can, for example, have the shape of a cylindrical piece and which has openings through which the gas produced during evacuation is withdrawn from the space R.
  • the plate-shaped section 41 can be gas-impermeable or porous or can be provided with one or more openings so that gas can penetrate through the section 41.
  • the free flow cross section during evacuation can be increased compared to the cross-sectional area of the evacuation nozzle 50 or the evacuation tube 100 of the vacuum generating system inserted into it and thus increase the efficiency of evacuation.
  • the molded body not only has the task of enabling the evacuation of the space R, but also of forming a receptacle for the evacuation tube 100, which is enclosed by the evacuation nozzle 50.
  • the area 41 of the flow distributor 40 is preferably gas-impermeable, so that during evacuation the gas passes through the fleece 30 into the space R and from the space R through the openings in the web-like areas 43 to the evacuation tube 100.
  • the plate 20 is preferably flat. On its inside it borders on the space R for receiving the adsorbing material and on its outside on the high-barrier film 10.
  • the plate 20 gives the arrangement a certain mechanical stability and enables a heating device to fit well from the outside, i.e. as shown in the figure from below and also prevents flow channels from becoming clogged due to the adsorbing material being pressed in during evacuation. Furthermore, the high-barrier film is protected from damage caused by penetrating adsorbing material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Refrigerator Housings (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Vakuumdämmkörper mit wenigstens einer vakuumdichten Umhüllung und mit wenigstens einen Vakuumbereich, der von der Umhüllung umgeben ist, wobei die Umhüllung mit wenigstens einer Öffnung, insbesondere mit wenigstens einem Evakuierstutzen, zur Evakuierung des Vakuumbereichs versehen ist und wobei sich in dem Vakuumdämmkörper wenigstens ein adsobierendes Material befindet, das teilweise oder insgesamt im Bereich der genannten Öffnung angeordnet ist.The present invention relates to a vacuum insulation body with at least one vacuum-tight casing and with at least one vacuum region which is surrounded by the casing, the casing being provided with at least one opening, in particular with at least one evacuation port, for evacuating the vacuum region and wherein in the vacuum insulation body there is at least one adsorbing material which is arranged partially or entirely in the area of said opening.

Aus dem Stand der Technik ist es bekannt, beispielsweise zur Wärmedämmung von Kühl- bzw. Gefriergeräten Vakuumdämmkörper einzusetzen, die sich in dem Bereich zwischen dem Außenmantel des Gerätes und dem Innenbehälter bzw. der Innenseite der Tür befinden.From the prior art it is known, for example, to use vacuum insulation bodies for thermal insulation of refrigerators or freezers, which are located in the area between the outer casing of the device and the inner container or the inside of the door.

Die nachfolgenden Überlegungen sind keineswegs auf Kühl- und/oder Gefriergeräte beschränkt sondern gelten für wärmeisolierte Behältnisse im Allgemeinen.The following considerations are by no means limited to refrigerators and/or freezers but apply to heat-insulated containers in general.

Derartige Vakuumdämmkörper sind üblicherweise aus einer vakuumdichten Umhüllung aufgebaut, die wenigstens einen von der Umhüllung umgebenen Vakuumbereich umgibt. In diesem befindet sich ein Stütz- bzw. Kernmaterial, das dem Vakuumdämmkörper die erforderliche mechanische Stabilität verleiht und das zudem verhindert, dass die Seiten der Umhüllung aneinander liegen, wenn Vakuum herrscht.Such vacuum insulation bodies are usually constructed from a vacuum-tight envelope that surrounds at least one vacuum area surrounded by the envelope. This contains a support or core material that gives the vacuum insulation body the necessary mechanical stability and also prevents the sides of the casing from touching each other when there is a vacuum.

Dringt Gas in den Vakuumbereich ein, bewirkt dies einen Anstieg des Gasdruckes sowie einen Anstieg der Wärmeleitfähigkeit und verringert auf diese Weise die Wirksamkeit des Vakuumdämmkörpers. Insbesondere die Permeation von Wasser durch die Umhüllung des Dämmkörpers ist aufgrund der höheren Permeationsraten im Vergleich zu Sauerstoff und Stickstoff ausschlaggebend für einen Anstieg der Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Vakuumdämmkörpers.If gas penetrates into the vacuum area, this causes an increase in the gas pressure and an increase in thermal conductivity and in this way reduces the effectiveness of the vacuum insulation body. In particular, the permeation of water through the covering of the insulation body is crucial for an increase in the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation body due to the higher permeation rates compared to oxygen and nitrogen.

Um einen derartigen negativen Einfluss zu reduzieren bzw. ganz auszuschließen, ist es bekannt, ein Material mit einem hohen Adsorptionsvermögen für Wasser in den Vakuumbereich zu geben, um auch bei eindringendem Wasserdampf den Partialdruck im Vakuumbereich gering zu halten. Als solches Material kommt z.B. Zeolith in Betracht. Auch Materialien die durch Chemisorption von Sauerstoff und Stickstoff deren Partialdruck gering halten ("getter") kommen in Betracht und dienen ebenfalls dazu, die Alterung des Vakuumdämmkörpers aufgrund von Gaseintrag diese Gase zu verzögern und somit die Wärmedämmeigenschaften so lange wie möglich aufrecht zu erhalten.In order to reduce or completely eliminate such a negative influence, it is known to add a material with a high adsorption capacity for water into the vacuum area in order to keep the partial pressure in the vacuum area low even when water vapor penetrates. Zeolite, for example, can be considered as such a material. Materials that keep their partial pressure low ("getter") through chemisorption of oxygen and nitrogen can also be considered and also serve to delay the aging of the vacuum insulation body due to the entry of these gases and thus maintain the thermal insulation properties for as long as possible.

Um Vakuum in den Vakuumbereich zu erzeugen ist der Vakuumdämmkörper mit einem Evakuierstutzen versehen, an dem Unterdruck angelegt wird und durch den das Gas aus dem Vakuumbereich abgezogen wird. Das gesamte Gas oder ein wesentlicher Teil des Gases muss aus dem Innenraum des Vakuumdämmkörpers bzw. aus dem Kernmaterial durch den Evakuierstutzen hindurch entfernt werden. Dazu kann das adsorbierende Material im Bereich der genannten Öffnung des Vakuumdämmkörpers bzw. von dessen Umhüllung angeordnet werden, wodurch sich die Vakuumerzeugung effizienter gestalten lässt.In order to generate vacuum in the vacuum area, the vacuum insulation body is provided with an evacuation nozzle to which negative pressure is applied and through which the gas is withdrawn from the vacuum area. All or a significant portion of the gas must be removed from the interior of the vacuum insulation body or from the core material through the evacuation nozzle. For this purpose, the adsorbing material can be arranged in the area of the opening of the vacuum insulation body or its casing, which makes vacuum generation more efficient.

Ist die Vakuumausbildung abgeschlossen, wird der Evakuierstutzen, bei dem es sich beispielsweise um einen Folienschlauch handelt, z.B. durch thermische Siegelung diffusionsdicht, d.h. vakuumdicht verschlossen.Once the vacuum formation has been completed, the evacuation port, which is, for example, a film tube, is sealed in a diffusion-tight manner, i.e. vacuum-tight, for example by thermal sealing.

Aus der US 5,500,305 A und aus der US 4,486,482 A sind ein vakuumisoliertes Paneel und ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines solchen Paneels bekannt, wobei das vakuumisolierte Paneel aus umfangsseitig angeordneten starren Materialien besteht, beispielsweise aus geschweißten Metallwandelementen oder dergleichen.From the US 5,500,305 A and from the US 4,486,482 A a vacuum insulated panel and a method for producing such a panel are known, wherein the vacuum insulated panel consists of rigid materials arranged on the circumference, for example welded metal wall elements or the like.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine im Vakuumdämmkörper der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiterzubilden, dass sich die Vakuumbildung besonders prozesssicher und kostengünstig durchführen lässt.The present invention is based on the object of developing a vacuum insulation body of the type mentioned in such a way that the vacuum formation can be carried out in a particularly reliable and cost-effective manner.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Vakuumdämmkörper mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst, danach ist vorgesehen, dass um die Öffnung herum und innerhalb des Vakuumbereiches wenigstens eine Platte angeordnet ist, die eine Wandung des Raumes bildet, in dem sich das adsorbierende Material befindet.This object is achieved by a vacuum insulation body with the features of claim 1, after which it is provided that at least one plate is arranged around the opening and within the vacuum area, which forms a wall of the room in which the adsorbing material is located.

Die Platte verhindert, dass die Umhüllung bzw. die Hüllfolie des Vakuumdämmkörpers die Kontur des adsorbierenden Materials, das beispielsweise als Kügelchen bzw. Schüttung vorliegen kann, nachbildet, wobei die Folie ggf. sogar beschädigt würde. Die Platte stellt somit einen Schutz der Hüllfolie vor der Beschädigung durch das adsobierende Material dar, das sich ohne die Platte ggf. in die Folie bzw. Umhüllung hineindrückt. Dieses Hineindrücken bzw. Nachbilden der Kontur kann nicht nur zu einer Beschädigung der Umhüllung, sondern auch dazu führen, dass Strömungskanäle zwischen den Kügelchen etc. versperrt werden. Hingegen bestehen Strömungskanäle zwischen dem adsorbierenden Material und der Platte, da die Platte so ausgebildet ist, dass sich das adsorbierende Material auch bei Ausbildung von Vakuum nicht oder allenfalls unwesentlich in die Platte hineindrückt.The plate prevents the covering or the enveloping film of the vacuum insulation body from replicating the contour of the adsorbing material, which can be present, for example, as beads or bed, which would possibly even damage the film. The plate therefore protects the wrapping film from damage caused by the adsorbing material, which may press into the film or wrapping without the plate. This pressing in or replication of the contour can not only damage the casing, but also lead to flow channels between the beads etc. being blocked. On the other hand, there are flow channels between the adsorbing material and the plate, since the plate is designed in such a way that the adsorbing material does not press into the plate or at best only insignificantly, even when a vacuum is formed.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Platte ist eine gute Ankopplungsmöglichkeit für eine Heizeinrichtung, wie beispielsweise für eine Heizplatte zum Erwärmen während des Evakuiervorgangs.Another advantage of the plate is a good coupling option for a heating device, such as a heating plate for heating during the evacuation process.

Erfindungsgemäß befindet sich die Platte innerhalb des Vakuumbereiches und begrenzt zumindest auf einer Seite, vorzugsweise auf der Seite der Umhüllung den Raum, in dem sich das adsorbierende Material befindet.According to the invention, the plate is located within the vacuum region and delimits the space in which the adsorbing material is located at least on one side, preferably on the side of the casing.

Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass zwischen dem adsobierenden Material und der Öffnung wenigstens ein Formteil angeordnet ist, das eine oder mehrere Formteilöffnungen aufweist, deren Strömungsquerschnitt größer ist als der Strömungsquerschnitt der Öffnung der Umhüllung. Ein solcher Strömungsverteiler verbessert den Strömungsübergang bzw. verringert den Strömungswiderstand zwischen dem adsorbierenden Material und dem Evakuierstutzen, da der freie Strömungsquerschnitt vergrößert wird. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass der Strömungsquerschnitt des Formteils größer ist, als der Durchmesser der Öffnung der Umhüllung, sodass eine größere Oberfläche zur Durchströmung zur Verfügung steht. So ist es möglich, dass auch bei einem tiefen Druckbereich eine laminare Strömung vorliegt.It can be provided that at least one molded part is arranged between the adsorbing material and the opening, which has one or more molded part openings whose flow cross section is larger than the flow cross section of the opening of the casing. Such a flow distributor improves the flow transition or reduces the flow resistance between the adsorbing material and the evacuation port because the free flow cross section is increased. This is achieved by the flow cross section of the molding being larger than the diameter of the opening the covering, so that a larger surface area is available for the flow to pass through. It is therefore possible for a laminar flow to exist even at a low pressure range.

Das Formteil dient als primärer Strömungsverteiler bzw. Mittel zur Förderung der Strömung. Es kann als Spritzgussbauteil ausgeführt sein.The molded part serves as a primary flow distributor or means for promoting the flow. It can be designed as an injection molded component.

Zusätzlich zu dieser Funktion kann das Formteil auch eine Aufnahme für die Klemmvorrichtung der Folienschlauchverschweißung des Evakuierstutzens und/oder für das Rohr der Evakuiervorrichtung bilden.In addition to this function, the molded part can also form a receptacle for the clamping device for the film tube welding of the evacuation nozzle and/or for the tube of the evacuation device.

Vorzugsweise ist vorgesehen, dass das adsorbierende Material in Form einer Mehrzahl einzelner Körper, vorzugsweise in Form einer Mehrzahl einzelner Kugeln oder sonstiger sphärischer Körper und besonders bevorzugt in Form einer Schüttung vorliegt.It is preferably provided that the adsorbing material is in the form of a plurality of individual bodies, preferably in the form of a plurality of individual balls or other spherical bodies and particularly preferably in the form of a bed.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass wenigstens ein Filtermaterial, insbesondere wenigstens ein Fließmaterial angeordnet ist, das sich zwischen dem Kernmaterial, wie z.B. Perlit, des Vakuumdämmkörpers und dem adsorbierenden Material erstreckt.In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that at least one filter material, in particular at least one flow material, is arranged which extends between the core material, such as perlite, of the vacuum insulation body and the adsorbing material.

Dieses Filtermaterial bildet somit gleichsam die Barriere bzw. die Grenze zwischen dem Kernmaterial des Vakuumdämmkörpers und dem adsorbierenden Material, dass sich in dem Bereich der Öffnung der Umhüllung befindet.This filter material thus forms, as it were, the barrier or the boundary between the core material of the vacuum insulation body and the adsorbing material that is located in the area of the opening of the casing.

Bei dem Filtermaterial kann es sich z.B. um ein Vlies handeln.The filter material can be, for example, a fleece.

Das Filtermaterial kann mit der genannten Platte und/oder mit dem genannten Formteil zur Strömungsverbesserung und/oder mit der Umhüllung selbst thermisch versiegelt sein.The filter material can be thermally sealed with said plate and/or with said molded part to improve flow and/or with the casing itself.

Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass die vakuumdichte Umhüllung aus einer Hochbarrierefolie besteht. Es kann weiterhin vorgesehen sein, dass diese beidseitig mit einer siegelfähigen Schicht ausgestattet ist.According to the invention it is provided that the vacuum-tight covering consists of a high-barrier film. It can also be provided that it is equipped with a sealable layer on both sides.

Weiterhin kann vorgesehen sein, dass sich die vakuumdichte Umhüllung um die Öffnung der Umhüllung erstreckt. Dabei grenzt sie vorzugsweise außen an die Platte an, sodass die Platte im Vakuumbereich angeordnet ist.Furthermore, it can be provided that the vacuum-tight casing extends around the opening of the casing. It preferably adjoins the plate on the outside, so that the plate is arranged in the vacuum area.

Denkbar ist es weiterhin, dass die genannte Platte und der genannte Formkörper aus unterschiedlichen Teilen bestehen, die z.B. miteinander verrastet oder thermisch versiegelt sind oder auch anderweitig miteinander verbunden sind. Von der Erfindung ist jedoch auch der Fall umfasst, dass die Platte und der Formkörper aus ein und demselben Teil bestehen bzw. insgesamt einteilig ausgeführt sind.It is also conceivable that the plate mentioned and the molded body mentioned consist of different parts which, for example, are locked together or thermally sealed or are otherwise connected to one another. However, the invention also includes the case that the plate and the molded body consist of one and the same part or are made in one piece overall.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das adsorbierende Material unmittelbar angrenzend an die Öffnung der Umhüllung und/oder unmittelbar angrenzend an das Formteil angeordnet ist, auch ist es denkbar, dass das adsorbierende Material so angeordnet ist, dass es die genannte Öffnung und/oder das Formteil umgibt.In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the adsorbing material is arranged immediately adjacent to the opening of the casing and/or immediately adjacent to the molded part; it is also conceivable that the adsorbing material is arranged in such a way that it has the said opening and /or surrounds the molded part.

Das adsorbierende Material kann in einem Bereich angeordnet sein, der zu der Öffnung und/oder zu dem Formteil benachbart ist. Es ist vorzugsweise so angeordnet, dass das bei der Vakuumerzeugung durch die Öffnung hindurch tretende Gas teilweise oder insgesamt durch das adsorbierende Material hindurch tritt.The adsorbent material may be arranged in an area adjacent to the opening and/or the molding. It is preferably arranged so that the gas passing through the opening during vacuum generation passes partially or entirely through the adsorbing material.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das adsobierende Material derart ausgebildet ist, dass dieses Wasser und/oder Stickstoff- und/oder Sauerstoff adsorbiert. Denkbar ist es, dass es sich bei dem adsorbierenen Material um wenigstens einen Getter und/oder Zeolith handelt. Zusätzlich oder alternativ zu Zeolith kann auch ein anderes bzw. weiteres Trockenmittel eingesetzt werden. Der Begriff Zeolith steht somit auch als Platzhalter für einen beliebigen anderen bzw. weiteren Trockner.In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the adsorbing material is designed in such a way that it adsorbs water and/or nitrogen and/or oxygen. It is conceivable that the adsorbed material is at least one getter and/or zeolite. In addition or as an alternative to zeolite, another or additional desiccant can also be used. The term zeolite is therefore also a placeholder for any other dryer.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft des Weiteren ein wärmeisoliertes Behältnis, vorzugsweise ein Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät mit wenigstens einem Korpus und wenigstens einem temperierten und vorzugsweise gekühlten Innenraum, der von dem Korpus umgeben ist sowie mit wenigstens einem Verschlusselement mittels dessen der temperierte und vorzugsweise gekühlte Innenraum verschließbar ist, wobei sich zwischen dem temperierten und vorzugsweise gekühlten Innenraum und der Außenwand des Behältnisses und vorzugsweise Gerätes wenigstens ein Zwischenraum befindet, in dem sich zumindest ein Vakuumdämmkörper gemäß der Erfindung befindet.The present invention further relates to a heat-insulated container, preferably a refrigerator and/or freezer with at least one body and at least one temperature-controlled and preferably cooled interior, which is surrounded by the body and with at least one closure element by means of which the temperature-controlled and preferably cooled interior can be closed, whereby there is at least one intermediate space between the temperature-controlled and preferably cooled interior and the outer wall of the container and preferably device, in which there is at least one vacuum insulation body according to the invention.

Der Vakuumdämmkörper kann somit zwischen dem Außenmantel und dem Innenbehälter des Korpus oder auch zwischen der Außen- und Innenseite der Tür oder eines sonstigen Verschlusselementes angeordnet sein.The vacuum insulation body can thus be arranged between the outer jacket and the inner container of the body or between the outside and inside of the door or another closure element.

Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Ausführung, bei der zwischen der den Innenraum begrenzenden Innenwand und der Außenhaut eine Wärmedämmung angeordnet ist, die aus einem Vollvakuumsystem besteht. Darunter ist eine Wärmedämmung zu verstehen, die ausschließlich oder überwiegend aus einem evakuierten Bereich besteht, der mit einem Kernmaterial gefüllt ist. Die Begrenzung dieses Bereiches kann beispielsweise durch eine vakuumdichte Folie und vorzugsweise durch eine Hochbarrierefolie gebildet werden. Somit kann zwischen der Innenwand des Behältnisses, vorzugsweise Geräts und der Außenhaut des Behältnisses, vorzugsweise Gerätes, als Wärmedämmung ausschließlich ein solcher Folienkörper vorliegen, der einen durch eine vakuumdichte Folie umgebenen Bereich aufweist, in dem Vakuum herrscht und in dem ein Kernmaterial angeordnet ist. Eine Ausschäumung und/oder Vakuumisolationspaneele als Wärmedämmung oder eine sonstige Wärmedämmung außer dem Vollvakuumsystem zwischen der Innenseite und der Außenseite des Behältnisses bzw. Gerätes sind vorzugsweise nicht vorgesehen.Particularly preferred is an embodiment in which thermal insulation, which consists of a full vacuum system, is arranged between the inner wall delimiting the interior and the outer skin. This refers to thermal insulation that consists exclusively or predominantly of an evacuated area that is filled with a core material. This area can be limited, for example, by a vacuum-tight film and preferably by a High barrier film can be formed. Thus, between the inner wall of the container, preferably device, and the outer skin of the container, preferably device, only such a film body can be present as thermal insulation, which has an area surrounded by a vacuum-tight film, in which there is a vacuum and in which a core material is arranged. Foaming and/or vacuum insulation panels as thermal insulation or any other thermal insulation other than the full vacuum system between the inside and the outside of the container or device are preferably not provided.

Diese bevorzugte Art der Wärmedämmung in Form eines Vollvakuumsystems kann sich zwischen der den Innenraum begrenzenden Wand und der Außenhaut des Korpus und/oder zwischen der Innenseite und der Außenseite des Verschlusselementes, wie z.B. einer Tür, Klappe, Deckel oder dergleichen erstrecken.This preferred type of thermal insulation in the form of a full vacuum system can extend between the wall delimiting the interior and the outer skin of the body and/or between the inside and the outside of the closure element, such as a door, flap, lid or the like.

Das Vollvakuumsystem kann so erhalten werden, dass eine Umhüllung aus einer gasdichten Folie mit einem Kernmaterial gefüllt und anschließend vakuumdicht versiegelt wird. In einer Ausführungsform erfolgt sowohl das Befüllen als auch das vakuumdichte Versiegeln der Umhüllung bei Normal- bzw. Umgebungsdruck. Die Evakuierung erfolgt dann durch Anschluss einer geeigneten in die Umhüllung eingearbeiteten Schnittstelle, beispielsweise eines Evakuierungsstutzens, der ein Ventil aufweisen kann, an eine Vakuumpumpe. Vorzugsweise herrscht während der Evakuierung außerhalb der Umhüllung Normal- bzw. Umgebungsdruck. Es ist in dieser Ausführungsform vorzugsweise zu keinem Zeitpunkt der Herstellung erforderlich, die Umhüllung in eine Vakuumkammer einzubringen. Insofern kann in einer Ausführungsform während der Herstellung der Vakuumdämmung auf eine Vakuumkammer verzichtet werden.The full vacuum system can be obtained by filling a casing made of a gas-tight film with a core material and then sealing it in a vacuum-tight manner. In one embodiment, both the filling and the vacuum-tight sealing of the casing take place at normal or ambient pressure. The evacuation is then carried out by connecting a suitable interface incorporated into the casing, for example an evacuation nozzle, which can have a valve, to a vacuum pump. Preferably, normal or ambient pressure prevails outside the envelope during the evacuation. In this embodiment, it is preferably not necessary at any time during production to introduce the casing into a vacuum chamber. In this respect, in one embodiment a vacuum chamber can be dispensed with during the production of the vacuum insulation.

Wie oben ausgeführt, besteht das adsorbierende Material vorzugsweise aus Zeolithkügelchen und/oder aus Kügelchen eines anderen Trockenmaterials. Diese werden von dem Kernmaterial (z.B. Perlit) des Vakuumdämmkörpers vorzugsweise durch ein Filtervlies abgetrennt. Letzteres ist vorzugsweise auf die genannte Platte sowie auf den Strömungsverteiler, d.h. das Formteil aufgeschweißt. Die Platte und der Strömungsverteiler bzw. das Formteil können durch eine Rastverbindung oder auch anderweitig miteinander verbunden werden.As stated above, the adsorbent material preferably consists of zeolite beads and/or beads of another dry material. These are separated from the core material (e.g. perlite) of the vacuum insulation body, preferably by a filter fleece. The latter is preferably welded onto the plate mentioned and onto the flow distributor, i.e. the molded part. The plate and the flow distributor or the molded part can be connected to one another by a snap connection or otherwise.

Bevorzugt ist es, dass das Filtermaterial an allen Seiten über die Platte, die auch als Grundplatte bezeichnet wird, hinaus nach außen übersteht, da das komplette Bauteil einschließlich eines Stückes der Hochbarrierefolie dadurch in einfacher Weise mit der Siegelschicht der (weiteren) Hochbarrierefolie des Vakuumdämmkörpers verbunden werden kann.It is preferred that the filter material protrudes outwards on all sides beyond the plate, which is also referred to as the base plate, since the complete component, including a piece of the high-barrier film, is thereby easily connected to the sealing layer of the (further) high-barrier film of the vacuum insulation body can be.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das gesamte Bauteil (Formteil, Grundplatte und Vlies) auf einem Stück aus Hochbarrierefolie befestigt, die beidseitig mit siegelfähigen Schichten ausgestattet ist, da dadurch die komplette Gruppe durch eine einfache Siegelverbindung in einem Prozess integriert werden kann.In a further embodiment of the invention, the entire component (molded part, base plate and fleece) is attached to a piece of high-barrier film, which is equipped with sealable layers on both sides, as this allows the entire group to be integrated into a process using a simple sealing connection.

Somit wird vorzugsweise eine Baugruppe umfassend das Formteil, die Grundplatte, das Vlies und ggf. das adsorbierende Material sowie ein Stück einer Hochbarrierefolie gebildet, wobei vorzugsweise vorgesehen ist, dass die Hochbarrierefolie der Baugruppe die größte Ausdehnung hat, d.h. die Randbereiche der Baugruppe bildet.Thus, an assembly comprising the molded part, the base plate, the fleece and possibly the adsorbent material as well as a piece of a high-barrier film is preferably formed, it being preferably provided that the high-barrier film of the assembly has the greatest extent, i.e. forms the edge regions of the assembly.

Diese Baugruppe kann als solche vorbereitet werden und dann mit der Hochbarrierefolie der vakuumdichten Umhüllung verbunden werden, wobei dazu die Hochbarrierefolie der Baugruppe in eine Öffnung der Hochbarrierefolie der vakuumdichten Umhüllung eingesetzt wird und mit der Hochbarrierefolie der vakuumdichten Umhüllung vakuumdicht verbunden und vorzugsweise versiegelt wird.This assembly can be prepared as such and then connected to the high-barrier film of the vacuum-tight enclosure, with the high-barrier film of the assembly being inserted into an opening in the high-barrier film vacuum-tight covering is used and is connected in a vacuum-tight manner to the high-barrier film of the vacuum-tight covering and is preferably sealed.

Außer einer Verrastung zwischen dem plattenförmigen Material bzw. der Platte und dem Formteil, kommt beispielsweise auch deren thermische Versiegelung miteinander in Betracht.In addition to a locking between the plate-shaped material or the plate and the molded part, thermal sealing of them together, for example, also comes into consideration.

Unter einer vakuumdichten oder diffusionsdichten Umhüllung bzw. unter einer vakuumdichten oder diffusionsdichten Verbindung bzw. unter dem Begriff Hochbarrierefolie wird vorzugsweise eine Umhüllung bzw. eine Verbindung bzw. eine Folie verstanden, mittels derer der Gaseintrag in den Vakuumdämmkörper so stark reduziert ist, dass der durch Gaseintrag bedingte Anstieg in der Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Vakuumdämmkörpers über dessen Lebensdauer hinweg ausreichend gering ist. Als Lebensdauer ist beispielsweise ein Zeitraum von 15 Jahren, vorzugsweise von 20 Jahren und besonders bevorzugt von 30 Jahren anzusetzen. Vorzugsweise liegt der durch Gaseintrag bedingte Anstieg in der Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Vakuumdämmkörpers über dessen Lebensdauer bei < 100 % und besonders bevorzugt bei < 50 %.A vacuum-tight or diffusion-tight covering or a vacuum-tight or diffusion-tight connection or the term high-barrier film is preferably understood to mean a covering or a connection or a film by means of which the gas entry into the vacuum insulation body is reduced to such an extent that the gas entry conditional increase in the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation body over its service life is sufficiently low. The lifespan is, for example, a period of 15 years, preferably 20 years and particularly preferably 30 years. Preferably, the increase in the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation body caused by gas entry over its service life is <100% and particularly preferably <50%.

Vorzugsweise ist die flächenspezifische Gasdurchgangsrate der Umhüllung bzw. der Verbindung bzw. der Hochbarrierefolie < 10-5 mbar * I / s *m2 und besonders bevorzugt < 10-6 mbar * I / s *m2 (gemessen nach ASTM D-3985). Diese Gasdurchgangsrate gilt für Stickstoff und Sauerstoff. Für andere Gassorten (insbesondere Wasserdampf) bestehen ebenfalls niedrige Gasdurchgangsraten vorzugweise im Bereich von < 10-2 mbar * l / s * m2 und besonders bevorzugt im Bereich von < 10-3 mbar * l / s * m2 (gemessen nach ASTM F-1249-90). Vorzugsweise werden durch diese geringen Gasdurchgangsraten die vorgenannten geringen Anstiege der Wärmeleitfähigkeit erreicht.The area-specific gas transmission rate of the covering or the connection or the high-barrier film is preferably <10-5 mbar * I / s *m 2 and particularly preferably < 10-6 mbar * I / s *m 2 (measured according to ASTM D-3985) . This gas passage rate applies to nitrogen and oxygen. For other types of gas (particularly water vapor), there are also low gas passage rates, preferably in the range of <10-2 mbar * l / s * m 2 and particularly preferably in the range of < 10-3 mbar * l / s * m 2 (measured according to ASTM F -1249-90). Preferably, the aforementioned small increases in thermal conductivity are achieved through these low gas passage rates.

Ein aus dem Bereich der Vakuumpaneele bekanntes Hüllsystem sind sogenannte Hochbarrierefolien. Darunter werden im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung vorzugsweise Ein- oder Mehrschichtfolien (die vorzugsweise siegelfähig sind) mit einer oder mehreren Barriereschichten (typischerweise metallische Schichten oder Oxid-Schichten, wobei als Metall oder Oxid vorzugsweise Aluminium bzw. ein Aluminiumoxid Verwendung findet) verstanden, die den oben genannten Anforderungen (Anstieg der Wärmeleitfähigkeit und/oder flächenspezifische Gasdurchgangsrate) als Barriere gegen den Gaseintrag genügen.A wrapping system known from the area of vacuum panels is so-called high-barrier films. In the context of the present invention, this preferably means single or multi-layer films (which are preferably sealable) with one or more barrier layers (typically metallic layers or oxide layers, with aluminum or an aluminum oxide preferably being used as the metal or oxide), which The requirements mentioned above (increase in thermal conductivity and/or area-specific gas transmission rate) are sufficient as a barrier against gas entry.

Bei den oben genannten Werten bzw. bei dem Aufbau der Hochbarrierefolie handelt es sich um exemplarische, bevorzugte Angaben, die die Erfindung nicht beschränken.The above-mentioned values or the structure of the high-barrier film are exemplary, preferred details that do not limit the invention.

Der temperierte Innenraum ist je nach Art des Gerätes (Kühlgerät, Wärmeschrank etc.) entweder gekühlt oder beheizt. Wärmeisolierte Behältnisse im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung weisen mindestens einen temperierten Innenraum auf, wobei dieser gekühlt oder beheizt sein kann, so dass sich in dem Innenraum eine Temperatur unterhalb oder oberhalb der Umgebungstemperatur von z.B. 21 °C ergibt. Die Erfindung ist also nicht auf Kühl- und/oder Gefriergeräte beschränkt sondern betrifft allgemein Geräte mit einem temperierten Innenraum, beispielsweise auch Wärmeschränke oder Wärmetruhen.The temperature-controlled interior is either cooled or heated, depending on the type of device (refrigerator, warming cabinet, etc.). Heat-insulated containers in the sense of the present invention have at least one temperature-controlled interior, which can be cooled or heated, so that a temperature in the interior is below or above the ambient temperature of, for example, 21 ° C. The invention is therefore not limited to refrigerators and/or freezers but generally relates to devices with a temperature-controlled interior, for example also warming cabinets or warming chests.

In einer Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass es sich bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Behältnis um ein Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät, insbesondere um ein Haushaltsgerät bzw. ein gewerbliches Kühlgerät handelt. Beispielsweise sind solche Geräte umfasst, die für eine stationäre Anordnung im Haushalt, in einem Hotelzimmer, in einer gewerblichen Küche oder in einer Bar konzipiert sind. Beispielsweise kann es sich auch um einen Weinkühlschrank handeln. Ferner sind auch Kühl- und/oder Gefriertruhen von der Erfindung umfasst. Die erfindungsgemäßen Geräte können eine Schnittstelle zur Anbindung an eine Stromversorgung, insbesondere an ein Haushaltsstromnetz (z.B. einen Stecker) und/oder eine Steh- oder Einbauhilfe wie beispielsweise Stellfüße oder Schnittstelle zur Fixierung innerhalb einer Möbelnische aufweisen. Beispielsweise kann es sich bei dem Gerät um ein Einbaugerät oder auch um ein Standgerät handeln.In one embodiment it is provided that the container according to the invention is a refrigerator and/or freezer, in particular a household appliance or a commercial refrigerator. For example, it includes devices that are designed for stationary placement in the home, in a hotel room, in a commercial kitchen or in a bar. For example, it can also be a wine refrigerator. There are also cooling and/or Chest freezers included in the invention. The devices according to the invention can have an interface for connection to a power supply, in particular to a household power network (e.g. a plug) and/or a standing or installation aid such as adjustable feet or an interface for fixation within a furniture niche. For example, the device can be a built-in device or a free-standing device.

Vorzugsweise ist das Behältnis bzw. das Gerät derart ausgebildet, dass es mit einer Wechselspannung, wie beispielsweise mit einer Hausnetzspannung von z.B. 120 V und 60 Hz oder 230 V und 50 Hz betrieben werden kann. In einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist denkbar, dass das Behältnis bzw. das Gerät derart ausgebildet, dass es mit Gleichstrom einer Spannung von beispielsweise 5 V, 12 V oder 24 V betrieben werden kann. In dieser Ausgestaltung kann vorgesehen sein, dass innerhalb oder außerhalb des Gerätes ein Steckernetzteil vorgesehen ist, über welches das Gerät betrieben wird. Ein Betrieb mit Gleichspannung kann insbesondere dann zur Anwendung kommen, wenn das Behältnis eine thermoelektrische Wärmepumpe zum Temperieren des Innenraums aufweist.The container or the device is preferably designed in such a way that it can be operated with an alternating voltage, such as a house mains voltage of, for example, 120 V and 60 Hz or 230 V and 50 Hz. In an alternative embodiment, it is conceivable that the container or the device is designed in such a way that it can be operated with direct current with a voltage of, for example, 5 V, 12 V or 24 V. In this embodiment it can be provided that a plug-in power supply is provided inside or outside the device, via which the device is operated. Operation with direct voltage can be used in particular if the container has a thermoelectric heat pump for controlling the temperature of the interior.

Insbesondere kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät eine schrankartige Gestalt hat und einen Nutzraum aufweist, der an seiner Vorderseite (im Falle einer Truhe an der Oberseite) für einen Benutzer zugänglich ist. Der Nutzraum kann in mehrere Kompartimente unterteilt sein, die alle bei derselben oder bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen betrieben werden. Alternativ kann lediglich ein Kompartiment vorgesehen sein. Innerhalb des Nutzraumes bzw. eines Kompartiments können auch Lagerungshilfen wie beispielsweise Ablagefächer, Schubladen oder Flaschenhalter (im Falle einer Truhe auch Raumteiler) vorgesehen sein, um eine optimale Lagerung von Kühl- oder Gefriergütern und eine optimale Platzausnützung zu gewährleisten.In particular, it can be provided that the refrigerator and/or freezer has a cabinet-like shape and has a usable space that is accessible to a user at its front (in the case of a chest, at the top). The usable space can be divided into several compartments, all of which operate at the same or different temperatures. Alternatively, only one compartment can be provided. Storage aids such as storage compartments, drawers or bottle holders (in the case of a chest also room dividers) can also be provided within the usable space or a compartment in order to ensure optimal storage of refrigerated or frozen goods and optimal use of space.

Der Nutzraum kann durch wenigstens eine um eine vertikale Achse schwenkbare Türe verschlossen sein. Im Falle einer Truhe ist eine um eine horizontale Achse schwenkbare Klappe oder ein Schiebedeckel als Verschlusselement denkbar. Die Türe oder ein sonstiges Verschlusselement kann im geschlossenen Zustand anhand einer umlaufenden Magnetdichtung mit dem Korpus im Wesentlichen luftdicht in Verbindung stehen. Vorzugsweise ist auch die Türe bzw. ein sonstiges Verschlusselement wärmeisoliert, wobei die Wärmeisolierung anhand einer Ausschäumung und ggf. anhand von Vakuumisolationspaneelen erreicht werden kann, oder auch vorzugsweise anhand eines Vakuumsystems und besonders bevorzugt anhand eines Vollvakuumsystems. An der Innenseite der Türe können ggf. Türabsteller vorgesehen sein, um auch dort Kühlgüter lagern zu können.The usable space can be closed by at least one door that can pivot about a vertical axis. In the case of a chest, a flap that can be pivoted about a horizontal axis or a sliding lid is conceivable as a closure element. When closed, the door or another closure element can be connected to the body in a substantially airtight manner using a circumferential magnetic seal. Preferably, the door or another closure element is also thermally insulated, whereby the thermal insulation can be achieved using foaming and possibly using vacuum insulation panels, or also preferably using a vacuum system and particularly preferably using a full vacuum system. If necessary, door racks can be provided on the inside of the door so that refrigerated goods can also be stored there.

In einer Ausführungsform kann es sich um ein Kleingerät handeln. In derartigen Geräten weist der Nutzraum, der durch die Innenwand des Behälters definiert ist, beispielsweise ein Volumen von kleiner 0,5 m3, kleiner 0,4 m3 oder kleiner 0,3 m3 auf. Die Außenabmessungen des Behälters bzw. Gerätes liegen vorzugsweise im Bereich bis 1 m hinsichtlich der Höhe, der Breite und der Tiefe.In one embodiment it can be a small device. In such devices, the usable space, which is defined by the inner wall of the container, has, for example, a volume of less than 0.5 m 3 , less than 0.4 m 3 or less than 0.3 m 3 . The external dimensions of the container or device are preferably in the range of up to 1 m in terms of height, width and depth.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung werden anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.Further details and advantages of the invention are explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing.

Die einzige Figur zeigt in einer perspektivischen Schnittansicht einen exemplarischen Aufbau eines erfindungsgemäßen Vakuumdämmkörpers im Bereich des Evakuierstutzens. Der Vakuumdämmkörper umfasst eine Hochbarrierefolie 10, die einen Vakuumbereich umschließt, der sich gemäß der Figur oberhalb des dargestellten Ausschnittes der Hochbarrierefolie 10 erstreckt.The only figure shows a perspective sectional view of an exemplary structure of a vacuum insulation body according to the invention in the area of the evacuation nozzle. The vacuum insulation body comprises a high-barrier film 10, which encloses a vacuum area which, according to the figure, extends above the illustrated section of the high-barrier film 10.

Die Anordnung gemäß der Figur kann auch als solche, d.h. als Baugruppe (mit oder ohne Trockner bzw. Getter 60) bereitgestellt werden und dann mit der weiteren Hochbarrierefolie des Vakuumdämmkörpers im Rahmen des Herstellprozesses vakuumdicht verbunden werden.The arrangement according to the figure can also be provided as such, ie as an assembly (with or without a dryer or getter 60) and then with the Another high-barrier film of the vacuum insulation body can be connected in a vacuum-tight manner as part of the manufacturing process.

Das Bezugszeichen 20 kennzeichnet die Platte bzw. Grundplatte, die aus einem Material gefertigt ist, das gegenüber dem Einbringen von Zeolithkügelchen bei Vakuumausbildung widerstandfähig ist, sodass die Kügelchen sich nicht in das Material der Grundplatte 20 hineindrücken können.The reference numeral 20 denotes the plate or base plate, which is made of a material that is resistant to the introduction of zeolite beads during vacuum formation, so that the beads cannot press into the material of the base plate 20.

Das Bezugszeichen 30 kennzeichnet ein Filtervlies, um das nicht dargestellte Kernmaterial, das sich oberhalb des Filtervlieses und oberhalb der Hochbarrierefolie befindet von der Sorbtionspumpe bzw. von dem Raum R zu trennen. In dem Raum R befindet sich das adsorbierende Material 60, bei dem es sich z.B. um Zeolithkügelchen bzw. eine Schüttung aus Zeolithkügelchen handeln kann.The reference number 30 denotes a filter fleece in order to separate the core material, not shown, which is located above the filter fleece and above the high-barrier film from the sorption pump or from the space R. The space R contains the adsorbing material 60, which can be, for example, zeolite beads or a bed of zeolite beads.

Das Bezugszeichen 40 kennzeichnet schließlich das erfindungsgemäße Formteil, das als Strömungsverteiler bzw. Strömungsvermittler von dem Raum zu dem Evakuierstutzen 50 dient. Der Evakuierstutzen 50 besteht aus einem Folienschlauch und ist ebenfalls vakuumdicht. Vorzugsweise besteht auch der Evakuierstutzen 50 aus einer Hochbarrierefolie. Er steht in geeigneter Weise vakuumdicht mit der Hochbarrierefolie 10 in Verbindung.Finally, reference number 40 denotes the molded part according to the invention, which serves as a flow distributor or flow mediator from the room to the evacuation nozzle 50. The evacuation nozzle 50 consists of a foil tube and is also vacuum-tight. Preferably, the evacuation nozzle 50 also consists of a high-barrier film. It is connected to the high-barrier film 10 in a suitable vacuum-tight manner.

Wie dies aus der Figur weiter hervorgeht, weist der Strömungsverteiler einen oberen plattenförmigen Abschnitt 41 auf, an dem das Filtervlies 30 befestigt ist. Des Weiteren ist ein unterer Abschnitt 42 dargestellt, der mit der Platte 10 z.B. thermisch versiegelt oder anderweitig verbunden ist. Zwischen den Bereichen 41 und 42 erstreckt sich ein umlaufender Bereich 43, der z.B. die Form eines Zylinderstücks aufweisen kann und der Durchbrechungen aufweist, durch die das beim Evakuieren anfallende Gas aus dem Raum R abgezogen wird.As can be seen from the figure, the flow distributor has an upper plate-shaped section 41 to which the filter fleece 30 is attached. Furthermore, a lower section 42 is shown, which is, for example, thermally sealed or otherwise connected to the plate 10. Between the areas 41 and 42 extends a circumferential area 43, which can, for example, have the shape of a cylindrical piece and which has openings through which the gas produced during evacuation is withdrawn from the space R.

Der plattenförmige Abschnitt 41 kann gasundurchlässig oder auch porös bzw. mit einer oder mehreren Öffnungen versehen sein, so dass Gas durch den Abschnitt 41 hindurchdringen kann.The plate-shaped section 41 can be gas-impermeable or porous or can be provided with one or more openings so that gas can penetrate through the section 41.

Durch den Einsatz des Strömungsverteilers 40 lässt sich auf diese Weise der freie Strömungsquerschnitt beim Evakuieren gegenüber der Querschnittsfläche des Evakuierstutzens 50 bzw. des in diesen eingeführten Evakuierungsrohres 100 der Vakuumerzeugungsanlage vergrößern und somit die Effizienz beim Evakuieren steigern.By using the flow distributor 40, the free flow cross section during evacuation can be increased compared to the cross-sectional area of the evacuation nozzle 50 or the evacuation tube 100 of the vacuum generating system inserted into it and thus increase the efficiency of evacuation.

Aus der Figur ist weiter ersichtlich, dass der Formkörper nicht nur die Aufgabe hat, das Evakuieren des Raumes R zu ermöglichen, sondern zusätzlich auch noch eine Aufnahme für das Evakuierungsrohr 100 zu bilden, das von dem Evakuierstutzen 50 umschlossen ist.It can also be seen from the figure that the molded body not only has the task of enabling the evacuation of the space R, but also of forming a receptacle for the evacuation tube 100, which is enclosed by the evacuation nozzle 50.

Der Bereich 41 des Strömungsverteilers 40 ist vorzugsweise gasundurchlässig, sodass bei Evakuieren das Gas durch das Vlies 30 in den Raum R und von dem Raum R durch die Öffnungen in den stegartigen Bereichen 43 hindurch zu dem Evakuierungsrohr 100 gelangt.The area 41 of the flow distributor 40 is preferably gas-impermeable, so that during evacuation the gas passes through the fleece 30 into the space R and from the space R through the openings in the web-like areas 43 to the evacuation tube 100.

Die Platte 20 ist vorzugsweise eben ausgeführt. Sie grenzt auf ihrer Innenseite an den Raum R zur Aufnahme des adsorbierenden Materials und auf ihrer Außenseite an die Hochbarrierefolie 10. Die Platte 20 verleiht der Anordnung eine gewissen mechanische Stabilität, ermöglicht das gute Anliegen einer Heizeinrichtung von außen, d.h. gemäß der Figur von unten und verhindert zudem, dass Strömungskanäle dadurch verstopft werden, dass das adsorbierende Material beim Evakuieren eingedrückt wird. Des Weiteren wird die Hochbarrierefolie vor Beschädigungen durch eindringendes adsobierende Material geschützt.The plate 20 is preferably flat. On its inside it borders on the space R for receiving the adsorbing material and on its outside on the high-barrier film 10. The plate 20 gives the arrangement a certain mechanical stability and enables a heating device to fit well from the outside, i.e. as shown in the figure from below and also prevents flow channels from becoming clogged due to the adsorbing material being pressed in during evacuation. Furthermore, the high-barrier film is protected from damage caused by penetrating adsorbing material.

Claims (13)

  1. Vacuum insulation body, comprising
    a vacuum-tight casing (10), and
    a vacuum region which is surrounded by the casing (10), wherein
    the casing (10) is provided with an opening, in particular an air evacuation port (50), for evacuating the vacuum region, and
    an adsorbent material (60), arranged partly or wholly in the area of said opening, is located in the vacuum insulation body,
    characterized in that
    a plate (20) is arranged around the opening and inside the vacuum region, said plate forming a wall of a space in which the adsorbent material (60) is located, wherein
    the plate (20) adjoins, on its inner side, the space for receiving the adsorbent material (60) and, on its outer side, the high-barrier film (10), and
    the vacuum-tight casing (10) is a high-barrier film (10).
  2. Vacuum insulation body according to claim 1, characterized in that
    a molded part (40) is arranged between the adsorbent material (60) and the opening, said molded part comprising one or more molded part openings, the passage cross-section of which is greater than the passage cross-section of the casing (10).
  3. Vacuum insulation body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adsorbent material (60) is in the form of a plurality of individual bodies, preferably individual beads and particularly preferably in the form of loose beads.
  4. Vacuum insulation body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one filter material (30), in particular at least one non-woven material (30), is provided, which extends between the core material of the vacuum insulation body and the adsorbent material (60).
  5. Vacuum insulation body according to claim 4, characterized in that the filter material (30) is thermally sealed to the plate (20) and/or to the molded part (40) and/or to the casing (10).
  6. Vacuum insulation body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vacuum-tight casing (10) is provided on both sides with a sealable layer.
  7. Vacuum insulation body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vacuum-tight casing (10) extends around the opening of the casing (10) and/or adjoins the plate (20) on the outside.
  8. Vacuum insulation body according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the plate (20) and the molded body (40) consist of different parts which are interlocked or thermally sealed with one another, or in that the plate (20) and the molded body (40) consist of a common part.
  9. Vacuum insulation body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adsorbent material (60) is arranged directly adjacent to the opening and/or directly adjacent to the molded part (40) and/or is arranged in such a way that it surrounds the opening and/or the molded part (40).
  10. Vacuum insulation body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adsorbent material (60) is arranged in a region which is adjacent to the opening and/or the molded part (40).
  11. Vacuum insulation body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adsorbent material (60) is arranged in such a way that the gas flowing through the opening during vacuum generation passes partially or completely through the adsorbent material (60).
  12. Vacuum insulation body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adsorption material (60) is configured in such a way that it adsorbs water and/or nitrogen and/or oxygen and/or in that the adsorption material (60) is at least one getter and/or desiccant, in particular zeolite.
  13. Thermally insulated container, preferably a refrigerating and/or freezing apparatus, having a body and a thermally controlled, preferably refrigerated, interior space which is surrounded by the body, and having a closure element by means of which the thermally controlled, preferably refrigerated, interior space can be closed, wherein an interspace is located between the thermally controlled, preferably refrigerated, interior space and the outer wall of the container, preferably of the apparatus,
    characterized in that
    a vacuum insulation body having the features of one of claims 1 to 12 is arranged in the interspace.
EP15797595.4A 2014-11-25 2015-10-23 Vacuum insulation body Active EP3224559B1 (en)

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DE102014017424 2014-11-25
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DE102015008123.3A DE102015008123A1 (en) 2014-11-25 2015-06-24 Vakuumdämmkörper
PCT/EP2015/002107 WO2016082905A1 (en) 2014-11-25 2015-10-23 Vacuum insulation body

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DE102015008123A1 (en) 2016-05-25
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WO2016082905A1 (en) 2016-06-02
MY189897A (en) 2022-03-18
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CN107257906B (en) 2020-03-31
CN107257906A (en) 2017-10-17
ES2970798T3 (en) 2024-05-30

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