Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
  • F25B2321/002—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects
  • F25B2321/0022—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects with a rotating or otherwise moving magnet
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a magnetocaloric thermal apparatus with a rotating structure about a longitudinal axis, said thermal apparatus comprising a magnetic arrangement defining at least two gaps at least partially superimposed and parallel to each other, and arranged to create in each of said air gaps a variable magnetic field around the longitudinal axis, at least two supports at least partially superimposed, each placed in the median plane of one of said air gaps and carrying magnetocaloric elements at least partially superimposed between said supports, said magnetic arrangement and said supports being relative displacement relative to each other about the longitudinal axis to subject the magnetocaloric elements of each support a magnetic cycle created by the variable magnetic field in the corresponding gap.
• the present invention relates to the field of magnetic refrigeration, and more particularly that of thermal devices using the magnetocaloric effect of so-called magnetocaloric materials.
• the magnetocaloric effect (EMC) of magnetocaloric materials consists of a variation of their temperature when they are subjected to a variable magnetic field in intensity. It suffices to subject these materials to a succession of cycles comprising an alternation of magnetization and demagnetization phases and to perform a heat exchange with a heat transfer fluid passing through said materials from one end to the other to achieve the widest possible temperature variation. between the ends of said materials. This cycle is repeated up to frequencies of several Hertz. The efficiency of such a magnetic refrigeration cycle is about 50% greater than that of a typical refrigeration cycle.
• the magnetocaloric material heats up almost instantaneously when it is placed in a magnetic field and it cools in the same thermal dynamics when it is removed from the magnetic field.
• the heat transfer fluid will either be heated in contact with the magnetocaloric material during a so-called magnetization phase, or be cooled in contact with the magnetocaloric material during a so-called demagnetization phase.
• the coolant is a liquid and circulates in existing straight channels or pores in the magnetocaloric material.
• the coolant can be pure water or added antifreeze, a glycol product or a brine, for example.
• the thermal power (for example: cooling) delivered by the thermal apparatus also increases.
• the rotary structures are preferred because they make it possible, on the one hand, to produce a compact thermal apparatus with the magnetic arrangement in displacement relative to the magnetocaloric material (s) and, on the other hand, to on the other hand, to present a good ratio of magnetocaloric material per volume used. Since the thermal power of the thermal apparatus depends in particular on the amount of magnetocaloric material used, such an arrangement is indeed very advantageous.
• the applicant has filed for this purpose the patent applications FR 2 987 433 and FR 2 994 018 for the purpose of rotating magnetic arrangements.
• the publication FR 2 994 018 corresponds to the preamble of claim 1.
• the relative displacement of the magnetocaloric materials with respect to the magnetic arrangement or conversely causes in the gap an alternation of different magnetic permeabilities, with a greater magnetic attraction to the passage of the magnetocaloric material.
• the displacement or the angular velocity of the magnetic arrangement or the magnetocaloric elements is not naturally continuous, nor uniform and generates jolts. This situation is troublesome because it disrupts the magnetic cycle by reducing the thermal power and increasing the energy consumption. It also increases the noise level of the device and has a negative impact on its endurance and mechanical stability.
• the present invention aims to solve these drawbacks by proposing a magnetocaloric thermal apparatus comprising a particular arrangement of the magnetic arrangement and / or magnetocaloric elements making it possible to reduce the magnetic moment and thus also the mechanical moment necessary for driving the magnet. magnetic arrangement to obtain a rotational and continuous relative displacement of the magnetic arrangement with respect to the magnetocaloric materials.
• the invention relates to a thermal apparatus as described in the preamble, characterized in that the magnetic arrangement and the supports are positioned angularly relative to each other about the longitudinal axis so as to generate a phase shift between the magnetic cycle undergone by the magnetocaloric elements of one of the supports in one of the air gaps and the magnetic cycle undergone by the magnetocaloric elements of the other support in the other gap, of so that the magnetocaloric elements penetrate progressively into the magnetic field of said gaps and this, continuously between the supports, the magnetic attraction force obtained then being almost constant.
• This phase shift is achieved by construction, that is to say by the particular arrangement or positioning of the magnetic arrangement and / or magnetocaloric elements between them.
• the magnetic arrangement may comprise first, second and third magnetizing structures each provided with at least one pair of magnetic poles, and positioned successively along the longitudinal axis of the thermal apparatus. to define, with their pairs of magnetic poles, said air gaps, and said magnetizing structures can be positioned angularly with respect to each other about the longitudinal axis so as to generate a magnetic cycle in one of the gaps which is offset a phase shift angle with respect to the magnetic cycle in the other gap.
• the first and the third magnetizing structures may be identical, mounted with an angular offset between them corresponding to the phase shift angle.
• the second magnetising structure may comprise, on the one hand, first magnetic poles, which form a first air gap with the corresponding magnetic poles of the first magnetizing structure and, secondly, second magnetic poles, which form a second air gap with the corresponding magnetic poles of the third magnetizing structure, and the first and second magnetic poles of said second magnetizing structure can be mounted with an angular offset corresponding to the phase angle.
• the first and third magnetizing structures can be mounted head to tail and angularly offset by an angle corresponding to the phase shift angle
• the first magnetic poles of the second magnetizing structure can have the same the meaning of magnetization that the magnetic poles of the first magnetising structure with which they cooperate to form the gap
• the second magnetic poles of the second magnetizing structure can have the same sense of magnetization as the magnetic poles of the third magnetising structure with which they cooperate to form the gap
• the magnetization direction of the first and second magnetic poles may be the same to create a single magnetic flux circulation loop within said apparatus traversing said first, second and third magnetizing structures.
• the first and third magnetizing structures may be mounted facing and angularly offset by an angle corresponding to the phase shift angle
• the first magnetic poles of the second magnetising structure may have the same direction of magnetization as the magnetic poles of the first magnetizing structure with which they cooperate to form the gap and create a first circulation loop of the magnetic flux inside said apparatus passing through said first magnetic poles of the second magnetizing structure and said magnetic poles of the first magnetising structure.
• the second magnetic poles of the second magnetizing structure can have the same direction of magnetization as the magnetic poles of the third magnetizing structure with which they cooperate to form the gap and create a second circulation loop of the magnetic flux inside said apparatus passing through said second magnetic poles of the second magnetizing structure and said magnetic poles of the third magnetizing structure.
• the magnetization direction of the second magnetic poles may be opposite to that of the first magnetic poles so that the magnetic flux flows in the first loop in the opposite direction to the magnetic flux flowing in the second loop.
• the magnetocaloric elements may be positioned angularly relative to each other on their supports at a predefined angle and the phase shift angle may be less than the angle between two magnetocaloric elements. adjacent.
• the supports can be geometrically identical and arranged parallel to each other in the corresponding air gaps, without angular offset.
• the supports are planar.
• the supports may also be geometrically identical, arranged parallel to each other in the corresponding air gaps, but angularly offset relative to each other by an angle corresponding to the angle of phase shift.
• the magnetocaloric elements can be positioned angularly relative to each other on their supports at a predefined angle and the angular offset between the two supports may be less than the angle between two adjacent magnetocaloric elements.
• the offset angle between the two supports may be equal to half the angle between two adjacent magnetocaloric elements.
• the magnetic arrangement may comprise a first, a second and a third magnetizing structure positioned successively along the longitudinal axis and defining, with their magnetic poles aligned and mounted in two opposite directions of magnetization, the first and second gaps.
• the magnetocaloric elements may comprise N rectangular parallelepipeds provided with magnetocaloric material and arranged in a ring-shaped zone of said support, said ring being centered on the longitudinal axis.
• This crown can be defined by two concentric circles, called inner circle and outer circle.
• two of the opposite faces of the rectangular parallelepipeds forming said magnetocaloric elements said extremal faces may each be tangent to one of said concentric circles, and the longitudinal median axes of two adjacent magnetocaloric elements may form between them an angle equal to 360 / N degrees.
• the magnetic poles may have the shape of ring portions extending over angular sectors whose angle is determined so that the input of the magnetocaloric elements in the magnetic field of said magnetic poles begins with stops belonging to one of said extremal faces. This creates a variation of magnetic induction the most progressive and continuous possible in each magnetocaloric element, which further reduces the force required to enter and leave the magnetocaloric elements in and out of the magnetic field of the air gap.
• the magnetocaloric elements may be positioned radially on said support.
• the magnetic poles of each magnetizing structure may be identical, but mounted in two opposite directions of magnetization.
• magnetocaloric element it is understood in the sense of the present invention a physical element comprising magnetocaloric material.
• a magnetocaloric element may in particular comprise several types of magnetocaloric materials and react at different temperatures, which generates a thermal gradient along the magnetocaloric element.
• the magnetocaloric materials constituting the magnetocaloric elements may have different Curie temperatures, ordered in ascending or descending order.
• the magnetocaloric elements that can be positioned in the air gap of the thermal apparatus according to the invention are intended to be in thermal contact with a coolant.
• This heat transfer fluid can for example flow from their cold end to their hot end during a magnetization phase of the magnetic cycle which corresponds to a phase in which the magnetocaloric elements are positioned in a gap and subjected to a magnetic field (causing an increase in their temperature) and their hot end to their cold end during a subsequent phase of demagnetization of the magnetic cycle in which the magnetocaloric elements are positioned outside the air gap and subjected to a zero magnetic field (causing a decrease in their temperature).
• a magnetocaloric cycle thus comprises a magnetization phase and a demagnetization phase.
• the thermal contact between the heat transfer fluid and the magnetocaloric elements can be achieved by a heat transfer fluid passing along or through the magnetocaloric elements.
• the magnetocaloric elements may comprise fluid circulation passages extending between the two ends of the magnetocaloric elements. These passages can be made thanks to the porosity of the magnetocaloric materials, or channels for example obtained by a set of magnetocaloric material plates possibly grooved or preformed, assembled and spaced uniformly or made in blocks of machined magnetocaloric material.
• the magnetocaloric elements may also be in the form of calibrated sized spheres so that the interstices form fluid passages. Any other embodiment allowing the coolant to heat exchange with the material constituting a magnetocaloric element can, of course, be suitable.
• the permanent magnets described above and used to make the magnetic field generator according to the present invention exhibit a uniform induction.
• FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic representation of a magnetocaloric thermal apparatus according to a first embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the apparatus of FIG. 1, illustrating more particularly its magnetic arrangement
• FIG. 3 is a view similar to that of FIG. 2 of an apparatus according to an alternative embodiment of the first embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 4A is a simplified schematic representation of a magnetocaloric thermal apparatus according to a second embodiment
• FIG. 4B is a representation of the two superimposed magnetocaloric element supports, illustrating their angular displacement around the longitudinal central axis
• FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the apparatus of FIG. 4A, illustrating more particularly its magnetic arrangement
• Figure 6 is similar to that of Figure 5 of an apparatus according to an alternative embodiment of the second embodiment of the invention. Illustrations of the invention and different ways of making it:
• FIGS 1 to 6 show schematically a thermal apparatus 1, 10, 100, 110 magnetocaloric structure rotatable about a longitudinal axis L and two embodiments of the invention.
• This thermal apparatus 1, 10, 100, 110 essentially comprises a magnetic arrangement comprising three magnetizing structures SM 1 , SM 2 , SM 3 at least partially superimposed and parallel to one another, along said longitudinal axis L, which will be described below, two supports Si, S 2 preferably identical, at least partially superimposed and parallel to each other, arranged in the air gaps E 1 , E 2 defined by the magnetizing structures and carrying magnetocaloric elements 2, a device (not shown) for circulating a heat transfer fluid through the magnetocaloric elements 2, and heat exchangers (not shown) for effecting heat exchange with the environment or an external application.
• the first magnetizing structure SMi and the third magnetizing structure SM 3 of the thermal apparatus 1, 10, 100, 110 are identical. This makes it possible to have a single piece likely to constitute the first SMi and the third SM 3 magnetizing structures.
• these first and third magnetizing structures SM 1 , SM 3 are mounted head to tail and arranged facing each other parallel to a plane transverse central P, with an angular offset a between them for the first embodiment (FIGS. 1 and 2) and without angular displacement for the second embodiment (FIGS. 4A, 4B and 5).
• the first and third magnetizing structures SM 1 , SM 3 are simply mounted facing each other parallel to the central transverse plane P, with an angular offset a between them for the variant of FIG. 3 and without angular offset for the variant of FIG. 6.
• the second magnetizing structure SM 2 is interposed between the first magnetizing structure SMi and the third magnetizing structure SM 3 so as to delimit at least two and in the example shown four gaps Ei, E 2 at least part superposed two by two, and diametrically opposed in pairs, around transverse planes Pi and P 2 parallel to the central plane P and in which are mounted each time a support S1, S2 carrying the magnetocaloric elements 2.
• the air gaps Ei and E 2 can have the same volume.
• the magnetocaloric elements 2 of each support S1, S2 are divided into four groups, of which two groups diametrically opposed each located in one of the air gaps E 1 , E 2 and subjected to a magnetization phase during which they generate calories, alternated with two other groups each located outside said gaps E 1 , E 2 and subjected to a degaussing phase during which they generate frigories.
• This arrangement is of course dependent on the number of magnetic poles defined by the magnetizing structures SMi, SM 2 , SM 3 .
• the magnetocaloric elements 2 of the supports S1, S2 are at least partially superimposed or substantially aligned longitudinally with each other, and are in the same magnetic state at the phase shift angle. Thus, they can be connected together in the same thermal loop to simplify and optimize the design of devices for circulating coolant (not shown).
• the superposition along the longitudinal axis L of magnetizing structures SMi, SM 2 , SM 3 and supports SI, S2 makes it possible to increase the quantity of magnetocaloric elements 2 which are in the same magnetic state in order to increase the gradient if they are connected in series, or the thermal power if they are connected in parallel, without having to multiply the number of devices (not shown) for circulating the coolant through said magnetocaloric elements 2.
• the first and third magnetizing structures SMi, SM 3 are mounted relative to each other with an angular offset of an angle a.
• the air gaps E1 and E2 at least partially superimposed magnetic induction profiles which are identical but phase-shifted angularly relative to each other of the angle a.
• This angular offset a makes it possible to smooth the magnetic force penetration into the magnetic field of the magnetocaloric elements 2.
• the magnetocaloric elements 2 penetrate progressively into the magnetic field of said air gaps E 1 , E 2 and continuously between the supports Si and S 2 .
• there is a continuous flow of magnetocaloric material entering or leaving the field magnetic force and the magnetic attraction force is then almost constant and causes practically no jerk in the movement of magnetic structures.
• each magnetizing structure SMi, SM 2 , SM3 comprises a base 6, 7, 8 in a ferromagnetic material on which permanent magnets and / or ferromagnetic parts constituting at least one pair of magnetic poles are mounted. , P 12 ; P 21 , P 22 ; P 23 , P 24 ; P31, P 32 diametrically opposed.
• the magnetic poles each comprise three magnets mounted on the base 6, 7, 8.
• the base of the first and third magnetizing structures SM 1 , SM 3 is made of a material capable of conducting the magnetic field which must circulating between the two magnetic poles Pu, P 12 ; P 3 i, P 32 of each first and third magnetizing structures SMi, SM 3 .
• the magnetic pole Pu of the first magnetizing structure SMi has a magnetic induction resultant Ru which is, on the one hand, parallel to the longitudinal axis L and to the resultant magnetic induction Ri 2 of the another magnetic pole P 12 of this first magnetizing structure SMi and, on the other hand, of opposite direction to the magnetic induction resultant Ri 2 of said magnetic pole P 12 .
• the induction resultants R 2 i, R 22 ; R 23 , R 24 ; R31, R 32 are parallel to each other and to the longitudinal axis L and in the opposite direction.
• the magnetic induction flux induced by the magnetic arrangement forms a single closed loop B in the apparatus 1.
• the magnetic flux flows in the thermal apparatus 1:
• the thermal generator 10 stands out solely by a different orientation of the magnetization directions or the resultants of magnetic induction of certain magnetic poles, we obtain two magnetic loops Bi and B 2 .
• the magnetic induction results R 23 and R 24 of the second magnetic poles P 23 and P 24 of the second magnetizing structure SM 2 are oriented in the opposite direction to the magnetic induction results R21 and R22 of the first magnetic poles P21 and P22 of the second magnetizing structure SM2.
• the resulting magnetic induction Ru and R12 magnetic pole Pu and P 12 of the first magnetizing SMi structure are oriented in the same direction as the magnetic induction resulting R21 and R22 of the first magnetic poles P21 and P22 of the second structure magnetising SM2 with which they cooperate to form the first pair of air gaps Ei.
• the magnetic induction results R31 and R32 of the magnetic poles P31 and P32 of the third magnetizing structure SM3 are oriented in the same direction as the magnetic induction results R23 and R24 of the second magnetic poles P23 and P24 of the second magnetizing structure SM2 with which they cooperate to form the second pair of air gaps E2.
• the magnetic flux flows in the thermal apparatus 10, in the first loop Bi:
• the supports Si, S 2 and the magnetizing structures SM 1 , SM 2 , SM 3 are mounted around the longitudinal axis L of the thermal apparatus 1 in a relative rotational movement with respect to each other. so that the magnetocaloric elements 2 can enter and exit alternately gaps Ei, E 2 .
• the supports Si and S 2 are fixed and the magnetizing structures SMi, SM 2 , SM 3 are rotated with respect to the longitudinal axis L by any means of adapted training.
• the relative position of the magnetizing structures SMi, SM 2 , SM 3 between them is kept fixed, either rigidly or by magnetic attraction between them, for example.
• at least one of the magnetizing structures SMi is rigidly mounted on the longitudinal axis L which drives it in a rotational movement and the other magnetizing structures SM 2 , SM 3 are mounted free to rotate on the longitudinal axis L and driven in rotation by the magnetic attraction of the magnetizing structure SMi which moves.
• the magnetocaloric elements 2 shown in the accompanying drawings have the shape of rectangular parallelepipeds, this configuration is not limiting, and other forms may be conceivable.
• the magnetocaloric elements can be in the form of blocks, porous or having circulation channels, whose base is trapezoidal or has side faces which are not parallel to each other.
• the supports Si, S 2 comprising the magnetocaloric elements 2 are preferably identical geometrically.
• the present invention differs from those disclosed in the aforementioned applications by the particular positioning of the magnetizing structures SMi, SM 2 , SM 3 between them and / or by the positioning of the supports Si and S 2 between them. Indeed, an angular offset is achieved, which provides a magnetic induction preferably identical, but shifted or out of phase between the gaps Ei, E 2 at least partially superimposed. In this way, a magnetic compensation appears between the magnetic forces necessary to achieve a continuous displacement of the magnetizing structures SMi, SM 2 , SM 3 with respect to the supports Si, S 2 of said magnetocaloric elements 2, or vice versa.
• FIGS. 1 to 3 which represent a magnetocaloric thermal device 1, according to a first embodiment of the invention, the first and third magnetizing structures SM 1 , SM 3 are angularly offset with respect to one another. other from an angle a.
• FIGS. 4A, 4B, 5 and 6 represent, for their part, a thermal apparatus 100, 110 made according to a second mode, in which the Siet S 2 supports are angularly offset from each other by an angle ⁇ .
• This offset angle has magnetizing structures SMi and SM 3 in Figures 1 to 3 corresponds in this example to half the angle ⁇ between two consecutive magnetocaloric elements 2, the latter being arranged radially around the longitudinal axis L.
• the magnetocaloric elements 2 can also be orientated or arranged non-radially on their support Si, S 2 . Such a configuration is not represented.
• the magnetocaloric elements 2 are arranged in a zone ring-shaped ring C of supports Si and S 2 .
• This ring C is delimited by an inner circle 3 and an outer circle 4 which is concentric with the inner circle 3.
• the two opposite faces farthest from said magnetocaloric elements 2 are each tangent to one of the concentric circles 3 and 4 and the longitudinal median axes of two adjacent magnetocaloric elements 2 form between them an angle ⁇ equal to 360 / N degrees, N being the number of magnetocaloric elements 2 carried by a support Si, S 2 .
• the offset angle ⁇ magnetizing structures SM 1 and SM 3 is preferably smaller than the angle ⁇ between two adjacent magnetocaloric elements 2.
• the thermal apparatus 1, 10 it can be provided to orient the different magnetocaloric elements 2 with respect to the lateral faces of the magnetic poles of such so that the input of the magnetocaloric elements 2 into the magnetic fields of the air gaps E 1 , E 2 is progressively achieved by a wedge or an angular end of the magnetocaloric elements 2, and in particular by an edge 5 belonging to one of the extreme faces F farther away from the magnetocaloric elements 2, namely the face tangent to the inner circle 3.
• the magnetic poles P 21 , P 22 of the second magnetizing structure SM 2 which cooperate with the first magnetizing structure SMi are angularly offset by an angle ⁇ which corresponds to the angle of offset a with the magnetic poles P 23 , P 24 of the second magnetizing structure SM 2 which cooperate with the third magnetizing structure SM 3 .
• the magnetic inductions in the air gaps Ei, E 2 are also shifted by a phase shift angle equal to the angle a.
• the penetration force in the field is limited because the attraction force of the support S 2 in the magnetic field of the air gaps E 2 does not take place at the same time as the effort of the attraction of the support Si in the magnetic field of the gaps Ei.
• FIGS. 4A, 4B, 5 and 6 show the second embodiment in which the thermal apparatus 100, 110 comprises two pairs of parallel air gaps E 1 , E 2 in which the supports S 1 and S 2 are arranged with an angular offset ⁇ between them. More precisely, the magnetocaloric elements 2 of the two supports Si and S 2 , strictly aligned longitudinally with each other in the preceding embodiment and perfectly superimposed, are in this variant slightly offset longitudinally of said angle ⁇ and partially superimposed to generate a continuity of magnetocaloric material. between the two supports Si and S 2 .
• FIG. 4A, 4B, 5 and 6 show the second embodiment in which the thermal apparatus 100, 110 comprises two pairs of parallel air gaps E 1 , E 2 in which the supports S 1 and S 2 are arranged with an angular offset ⁇ between them. More precisely, the magnetocaloric elements 2 of the two supports Si and S 2 , strictly aligned longitudinally with each other in the preceding embodiment and perfectly superimposed, are in this variant slightly offset longitudinally of said angle ⁇
• FIGS. 4B represents for this purpose only the positioning of the two supports Si and S 2 relative to each other, superimposed and offset by an angle ⁇ .
• the magnetocaloric elements 2 of the support Si are shown with hatching, the latter being able to illustrate in particular the heat transfer fluid circulation channels through said magnetocaloric elements 2, whereas the magnetocaloric elements 2 of the support S 2 do not include hatching.
• This configuration represents a particular case in which the offset angle ⁇ is equal to half the angle ⁇ between the two longitudinal median axes of two adjacent magnetocaloric elements 2 of a support Si, S 2 .
• the magnetizing structures SM 1 , SM 2 , SM 3 may be the same as those described in the first embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, with the difference that the magnetic poles Pu, P 12 ; P 21 , P 22; P23, P24; P31, P32 are all aligned with each other longitudinally, without angular displacement, as shown in FIGS. 4A, 4B, 5 and 6. Circulation of the magnetic flux in the thermal apparatus 100 of FIGS.
• the magnetic cycles experienced by the magnetocaloric elements 2 in the air gaps E 1 and E 2 are offset by a phase shift angle equal to the offset angle ⁇ , which makes it possible to achieve a magnetic compensation between the forces of attraction / repulsion occurring in the air gaps E 1 and E 2 between the magnetocaloric elements 2 and the magnetic poles Pu, P 12 ; P 21 , P 22; P23, P24; P31, P32 magnetizing structures SMi, SM 2 , SM3.
• there is a continuous flow of magnetocaloric material which enters the magnetic field and the magnetic attraction force is then almost constant and causes practically no jerk in the displacement of the magnetizing structures.
• a magnetic cycle comprises two magnetization phases, corresponding, for the magnetocaloric elements 2, to a position between two magnetic poles Pu, P 21 ; P 12 , P 22 ; P23, P31; P24, P32, and two corresponding demagnetization phases, for the magnetocaloric elements 2, at a position outside said poles.
• the offset angle ⁇ between the two supports Si and S 2 corresponds to half the angle ⁇ between two magnetocaloric elements 2 adjacent.
• the magnetic poles Pu, P 12 , P 21 , P 22 , P 23 , P 24 , P 3 i, P 32 have the shape of portions of rings extending over angular sectors, the angle of which is determined to form the two magnetization phases and the two phases of demagnetization on a complete revolution of the magnetic arrangement.
• the radial arrangement of the magnetic poles and the radial arrangement of the magnetocaloric elements 2 imply that the input of the magnetocaloric elements 2 into the magnetic field of said magnetic poles Pu, P 12 , P 21 , P 22 , P 23 , P 24 , P 31 , P 32 begins with an edge, called the input edge 5, belonging to one of the two extremal faces F of the magnetocaloric elements 2. In the embodiments described, it is the edge of the input of the extremal face located on the inner circle 3 of the crown C which is the first to enter the magnetic field.
• the invention is not limited to the configuration as illustrated magnetic poles Pu, P 12 , P 21 , P 22; P 23 , P 24 , P 31 , P 32 and supports Si, S 2 .
• the magnetic poles which are represented as having three permanent magnets may comprise a different number of permanent magnets, one for example with different shapes.
• the shape of the magnetic poles may be different from that illustrated, and adapted to the shape and volume of air gaps Ei, E 2 dictated by the shape of the supports Si, S 2 and magnetocaloric elements 2 to be subjected to the magnetic field gaps Ei, E 2 , and the intensity of this magnetic field.
• the means for circulating the coolant are not shown. They can be in the form of pistons or membranes driven mechanically by a cam itself driven in rotation.
• the invention makes it possible to achieve the goals set, namely to propose a magnetocaloric thermal apparatus having a rotation speed that is as constant and stable as possible, the sound level of which is low, increased life and whose achievement is structurally simple.
• the invention thus makes it possible to avoid the over-dimensioning of the motor required in the case of large torque variations associated with variations in magnetic forces and makes it possible to increase the average efficiency of said motor and therefore of said apparatus, since an engine consumes more in its high torque range.
• Such an apparatus may especially find an industrial as well as a domestic application when it is integrated in a magnetocaloric thermal appliance intended to be used in the field of cooling, air conditioning, tempering, heating or other, at competitive costs and with a small footprint.

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• 2014
  • 2014-11-26 FR FR1461488A patent/FR3028927A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 2015
  • 2015-11-25 CN CN201580065519.0A patent/CN107003041B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2015-11-25 JP JP2017523925A patent/JP2017537291A/ja active Pending
  • 2015-11-25 KR KR1020177014591A patent/KR20170088863A/ko unknown
  • 2015-11-25 US US15/527,165 patent/US10365019B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2015-11-25 WO PCT/EP2015/077621 patent/WO2016083440A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2015-11-25 EP EP15808123.2A patent/EP3224551A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2015-11-25 BR BR112017010024A patent/BR112017010024A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation

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