EP3224483A1 - Centrifugal pump comprising a conducting device - Google Patents

Centrifugal pump comprising a conducting device

Info

Publication number
EP3224483A1
EP3224483A1 EP15798458.4A EP15798458A EP3224483A1 EP 3224483 A1 EP3224483 A1 EP 3224483A1 EP 15798458 A EP15798458 A EP 15798458A EP 3224483 A1 EP3224483 A1 EP 3224483A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
guide
impeller
centrifugal pump
pump according
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15798458.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3224483B1 (en
Inventor
Annika FLEDER
Björn WILL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KSB SE and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
KSB AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KSB AG filed Critical KSB AG
Publication of EP3224483A1 publication Critical patent/EP3224483A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3224483B1 publication Critical patent/EP3224483B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/445—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F04D29/448—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for liquid pumps bladed diffusers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/2205—Conventional flow pattern
    • F04D29/2216—Shape, geometry
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/24—Vanes
    • F04D29/242—Geometry, shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D1/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D1/06—Multi-stage pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/548—Specially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/70—Shape
    • F05D2250/71—Shape curved

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifugal pump according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the centrifugal pump has at least one impeller, which is followed by a guide.
  • the guide comprises guide vanes. Between the vanes guide channels for the fluid to be formed.
  • Such guide devices can be designed as guide wheels. From the impeller exiting fluid enters the guide. In the guide kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy. Furthermore, a diversion of the medium takes place. The swirl is often reduced for inflow to a next stage.
  • a centrifugal pump is described one or more stages with at least one impeller.
  • the impeller is downstream of a stator in the flow direction.
  • the stator has a plurality of guide vanes.
  • DE 1 98 22 223 A1 describes a multi-stage centrifugal pump.
  • impellers are arranged to rotate.
  • the fluid flows to a first impeller and thereby experiences an increase in pressure.
  • a stator part Downstream of the impeller, a stator part is converted with the speed energy into pressure energy.
  • the Leitradteil also deflects the fluid in its flow direction.
  • DE 33 15 350 C2 relates to a stator for centrifugal pumps with diffuser-shaped expanded guide channels.
  • the outer radial Leitkanalbegrenzung is formed by a housing receiving the stator.
  • stages of ultrahigh-pressure centrifugal pumps have very large step diameters relative to the impeller outer diameter. Frequently, the internal step diameter is more than a factor of 1.5 greater than the impeller diameter.
  • the delay of the flow takes place in a Leitraddiffusor.
  • the reduction of the peripheral speed component occurs in a return blading.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a centrifugal pump with the smallest possible radial space.
  • the centrifugal pump should have the highest possible efficiency. A flow separation should be largely prevented. Furthermore, a loss with as little loss as possible should be ensured.
  • the centrifugal pump should be characterized by the most cost-effective construction and reliable operation. Furthermore, the longest possible lifetime should be guaranteed.
  • additional guide elements are arranged at the outlet of at least part of the guide channels.
  • the guide elements noticeably increase the step efficiency.
  • the guide elements open up new freedoms in the design of the guide. So it is possible, for example, that the vanes must be less curved at the outlet.
  • a strong deflection at the diffuser outlet was required. This is because the flow coming from the diffuser in this area is very susceptible to detachment and therefore the flow must not be diverted here. Therefore, in conventional centrifugal pumps, the guide vanes had to be strongly curved in the region of small radii in order nevertheless to realize a deflection. Due to the inventive integration of guide elements at the outlet of the guide channels formed between the guide vanes, such a high curvature of the guide vanes is no longer necessarily required.
  • the guide elements are formed as blades, which protrude at least partially into the guide channels.
  • the guide elements form intermediate cut blades.
  • the guide vanes of the stator extend from an entrance to an exit.
  • the inlet and the outlet of the guide is defined as an entry or exit in the guide channels, which are formed between the guide vanes.
  • the guide elements formed as intermediate cut-off vanes are arranged at the outlet of at least part of the guide channels and preferably project into the guide channels. According to the invention, these intermediate cut blades extend from the outlet of the guide channels in the flow direction to the next stage.
  • the guide elements have a curvature for deflecting the flow.
  • the impeller is designed as a radial wheel. It proves to be particularly advantageous if the impeller is axially distributing. Such wheels are also referred to as hybrid wheels. While in conventional radial impellers, the flow distribution is in the radial direction, the outflow is axially directed at a hybrid impeller. This results in an S-beat in the meridian section of the hybrid impeller.
  • This inventive combination of a hybrid impeller and the integration of guide elements in the subsequent guide brings with it considerable advantages.
  • conventional centrifugal pumps with conventional radially distributing radial impellers the fluid emerging from the impeller is first decelerated in a subsequent stator and then fed in a Kochströmgeometrie the subsequent return section.
  • the stages of ultra-high pressure centrifugal pumps have very large stage diameter based on the impeller outer diameter.
  • the internal step diameter is often greater than 1.5 times larger than the outside diameter of the impeller.
  • the delay in the flow takes place in the diffuser.
  • the reduction of the peripheral speed component is accomplished by the subsequent return blading.
  • the flow exits axially from the impeller.
  • the flow is then decelerated in a single component, diverted, and the swirl reduced for inflow to the next stage.
  • this usually leads to significantly higher losses than conventional hydraulic systems, with a pure radial wheel, but in turn require more space.
  • the inventive combination of a hybrid impeller with a subsequent guide having guide elements allows a compact design of the centrifugal pump with minimum stages diameters and at the same time ensures a low-loss delay and an improvement of the outflow.
  • a centrifugal pump is created, which has a high efficiency despite compact design.
  • the inflow to the next stage is thereby significantly improved.
  • the impeller has a cover plate.
  • the impeller is a closed impeller, in which the fluid enters in the axial direction, is then deflected radially, but finally, due to the S-shaped meridian, is released axially.
  • the impeller has a support plate.
  • the support disk is at least partially off turned. By twisting off the outer region of the support disk, an axial distribution is made possible. The result is an S-shaped meridian section.
  • the design leads to a reduced stage diameter. This saves material.
  • a space is present between the impeller and the guide. Preferably, this is a Radateraum.
  • the guide is fixedly connected to the pump housing or can be formed by the stage housing itself.
  • FIG. 1 shows an axial section showing an impeller and a guide
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the impeller and the guide
  • Figure 3a is a perspective view with streamlines based on a
  • Figure 3b is a perspective view with streamlines based on a
  • 3c shows a perspective view with flow vectors based on a
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the guide
  • 5a is a perspective view of the guide with flow vectors based on a flow simulation
  • FIG. 5b is a perspective view of the guide device with flow vectors on the basis of a flow simulation
  • Figure 5c is a perspective view of the guide with flow vectors based on a flow simulation.
  • Figure 1 shows an example of a section of a multi-stage centrifugal pump.
  • Pump comprises a plurality of series-connected stages, of which a stage is shown by way of example in FIG.
  • an impeller 1 is arranged on a shaft 2.
  • a step housing 3 surrounds the impeller. 1 A fluid flows in the axial direction in the impeller 1, is then deflected in a radial direction and finally leaves the impeller 1 in the axial direction. The fluid then flows into a guide 4, which is formed in the embodiment as a stator and the step housing 3 is formed.
  • the impeller 1 has a cover plate 5 and a support plate 6.
  • the support plate 6 is turned off in its outer region.
  • the cover plate 5 extends in the radial direction further than the support plate 6.
  • an axially distributing impeller 1 is created, which is also referred to as a hybrid impeller.
  • the name Zwitter- impeller results because it is a radial wheel, but in which the outflow is directed axially. This is made possible by the turning off of the support disk 6 in its outer region.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the impeller 1, which is arranged on a shaft 2.
  • the conveying medium flows from the impeller 1 into the guide 4.
  • the guide 4 includes vanes 7. Between adjacent vanes 7 guide channels 8 are formed.
  • guide elements 9 are arranged at the outlet of the guide channels.
  • FIGS. 3 a, 3 b, 3 c show that the flow separation can be greatly reduced by integration of the guide elements 9 into the guide 4.
  • Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the guide 4. It can be seen that the guide elements 9 are formed as blades. These have a curvature for deflecting the flow. According to the invention, the guide elements project at least partially into the guide channels 8. The guide elements 9 extend starting from the outlet of the guide channels 8 downstream increasingly in the axial direction.
  • Figures 5a, 5b and 5c show flow vectors on three different
  • the guide elements 9 provide for a deflection of the flow in the axial direction.
  • the inventive combination of a hybrid hydraulic system consisting of a rotor 1, which is designed as a hybrid impeller, a guide 4, which is designed as a hybrid stator, and the integration of guide elements 9, which are arranged as intermediate cut blades at Leitradaustritt lead to a centrifugal pump, which has a compact design and thereby has a high stage efficiency.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a centrifugal pump comprising an impeller (1). A conducting device (4) is located downstream of the impeller (1). The conducting device (4) comprises blades between which conduits (8) are formed. According to the invention, guiding elements (9) are arranged at the exit of at least some of the conduits (8).

Description

KSB Aktiengesellschaft  KSB Aktiengesellschaft
67227 Frankenthal  67227 Frankenthal
Beschreibung description
Kreiselpumpe mit einer Leiteinrichtung Centrifugal pump with a guide
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kreiselpumpe gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 . The invention relates to a centrifugal pump according to the preamble of claim 1.
Die Kreiselpumpe weist mindestens ein Laufrad auf, dem eine Leiteinrichtung nachge- ordnet ist. Die Leiteinrichtung weist Leitschaufeln auf. Zwischen den Leitschaufeln werden Leitkanäle für das Fördermedium gebildet. Solche Leiteinrichtungen können als Leiträder ausgebildet sein. Aus dem Laufrad austretendes Fördermedium tritt in die Leiteinrichtung ein. In der Leiteinrichtung wird kinetische Energie in Druckenergie umgewandelt. Weiterhin findet eine Umlenkung des Mediums statt. Der Drall wird zwecks einer Zuströmung zu einer nächsten Stufe häufig reduziert. The centrifugal pump has at least one impeller, which is followed by a guide. The guide comprises guide vanes. Between the vanes guide channels for the fluid to be formed. Such guide devices can be designed as guide wheels. From the impeller exiting fluid enters the guide. In the guide kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy. Furthermore, a diversion of the medium takes place. The swirl is often reduced for inflow to a next stage.
In der DE 39 12 279 C2 wird eine Kreiselpumpe ein- oder mehrstufiger Bauart mit mindestens einem Laufrad beschrieben. Dem Laufrad ist in Strömungsrichtung ein Leitrad nachgeordnet. Das Leitrad weist mehrere Leitschaufeln auf. In DE 39 12 279 C2 a centrifugal pump is described one or more stages with at least one impeller. The impeller is downstream of a stator in the flow direction. The stator has a plurality of guide vanes.
Die DE 1 98 22 223 A1 beschreibt eine mehrstufige Kreiselpumpe. In den Stufengehäusen der Kreiselpumpe sind Laufräder rotierend angeordnet. Das Fördermedium strömt einem ersten Laufrad zu und erfährt dadurch eine Druckerhöhung. Dem Laufrad nachgeordnet ist ein Leitradteil mit dem Geschwindigkeitsenergie in Druckenergie umge- wandelt wird. Auch lenkt das Leitradteil das Fördermedium in seiner Strömungsrichtung um. Die DE 33 15 350 C2 betrifft ein Leitrad für Kreiselpumpen mit diffusorförmig erweiterten Leitkanälen. Die äußere radiale Leitkanalbegrenzung wird durch ein das Leitrad aufnehmendes Gehäuse gebildet. Bei herkömmlichen mehrstufigen Kreiselpumpen wird das aus dem Laufrad austretende Fluid in einem nachfolgenden Leitrad zunächst verzögert und anschließend in einer Überströmgeometrie der nachfolgenden Rückführpartie zugeführt. Hierdurch ergibt sich ein erhöhter radialer Bauaufwand. Insbesondere Stufen von Höchstdruckkreiselpumpen weisen dabei sehr große Stufendurchmesser bezogen auf den Laufradaußendurch- messer auf. Häufig ist der Stufeninnendurchmesser dabei um mehr als den Faktor 1 ,5 größer als der Laufraddurchmesser. Die Verzögerung der Strömung erfolgt in einem Leitraddiffusor. Die Reduktion der Umfangsgeschwindigkeitskomponente erfolgt in einer Rückführbeschaufelung. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Kreiselpumpe mit einem möglichst kleinen radialen Bauraum anzugeben. Die Kreiselpumpe soll dabei einen möglichst hohen Wirkungsgrad aufweisen. Eine Strömungsablösung soll dabei weitgehend verhindert werden. Weiterhin soll eine möglichst verlustarme Verzögerung gewährleistet werden. Die Kreiselpumpe soll sich durch eine möglichst kostengünstige Konstruktion und zuverlässige Be- triebsweise auszeichnen. Weiterhin soll eine möglichst lange Lebensdauer gewährleistet sein. DE 1 98 22 223 A1 describes a multi-stage centrifugal pump. In the stage housings of the centrifugal pump impellers are arranged to rotate. The fluid flows to a first impeller and thereby experiences an increase in pressure. Downstream of the impeller, a stator part is converted with the speed energy into pressure energy. The Leitradteil also deflects the fluid in its flow direction. DE 33 15 350 C2 relates to a stator for centrifugal pumps with diffuser-shaped expanded guide channels. The outer radial Leitkanalbegrenzung is formed by a housing receiving the stator. In conventional multi-stage centrifugal pumps, the fluid emerging from the impeller is initially decelerated in a subsequent stator and then fed in a Überströmgeometrie the subsequent return section. This results in an increased radial construction costs. In particular, stages of ultrahigh-pressure centrifugal pumps have very large step diameters relative to the impeller outer diameter. Frequently, the internal step diameter is more than a factor of 1.5 greater than the impeller diameter. The delay of the flow takes place in a Leitraddiffusor. The reduction of the peripheral speed component occurs in a return blading. The object of the invention is to provide a centrifugal pump with the smallest possible radial space. The centrifugal pump should have the highest possible efficiency. A flow separation should be largely prevented. Furthermore, a loss with as little loss as possible should be ensured. The centrifugal pump should be characterized by the most cost-effective construction and reliable operation. Furthermore, the longest possible lifetime should be guaranteed.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Kreiselpumpe mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Varianten sind in den Unteransprüchen ausgeführt. This object is achieved by a centrifugal pump with the features of claim 1. Preferred variants are set forth in the subclaims.
Erfindungsgemäß sind am Austritt zumindest eines Teils der Leitkanäle zusätzliche Führungselemente angeordnet. Durch diese Integration der Führungselemente in die Leiteinrichtung wird eine Strömungsablösung deutlich verringert. Weiterhin erhöhen die Führungselemente den Stufenwirkungsgrad merklich. Zudem eröffnen die Führungs- elemente neue Freiheiten bei der Konstruktion der Leiteinrichtung. So ist es beispielsweise möglich, dass die Leitschaufeln weniger stark am Austritt gekrümmt sein müssen. Bei herkömmlichen Kreiselpumpen war eine starke Umlenkung am Leitradaustritt erfor- derlich, da die aus dem Leitrad kommende Strömung in diesem Bereich stark ablö- sungsgefährdet ist und somit die Strömung hier nicht umgelenkt werden darf. Daher mussten bei herkömmlichen Kreiselpumpen die Leitschaufeln im Bereich kleiner Radien stark gekrümmt werden, um dennoch eine Umlenkung zu realisieren. Durch die erfin- dungsgemäße Integration von Führungselementen am Austritt der zwischen den Leitschaufeln gebildeten Leitkanäle ist eine solch starke Krümmung der Leitschaufeln nicht mehr zwangsläufig erforderlich. According to the invention, additional guide elements are arranged at the outlet of at least part of the guide channels. By this integration of the guide elements in the guide a flow separation is significantly reduced. Furthermore, the guide elements noticeably increase the step efficiency. In addition, the guide elements open up new freedoms in the design of the guide. So it is possible, for example, that the vanes must be less curved at the outlet. In conventional centrifugal pumps, a strong deflection at the diffuser outlet was required. This is because the flow coming from the diffuser in this area is very susceptible to detachment and therefore the flow must not be diverted here. Therefore, in conventional centrifugal pumps, the guide vanes had to be strongly curved in the region of small radii in order nevertheless to realize a deflection. Due to the inventive integration of guide elements at the outlet of the guide channels formed between the guide vanes, such a high curvature of the guide vanes is no longer necessarily required.
Vorzugsweise sind die Führungselemente als Schaufeln ausgebildet, die zumindest teilweise in die Leitkanäle hineinragen. Bei dieser Variante bilden die Führungselemente Zwischenschnitt-Schaufeln. Die Leitschaufeln des Leitrades erstrecken sich von einem Eintritt bis zu einem Austritt. Der Eintritt und der Austritt der Leiteinrichtung ist dabei als Eintritt bzw. Austritt in die Leitkanäle definiert, die zwischen den Leitschaufeln gebildet werden. Die als Zwischenschnitt-Schaufeln ausgebildeten Führungselemente sind am Austritt zumindest eines Teils der Leitkanäle angeordnet und ragen vorzugsweise in die Leitkanäle noch hinein. Erfindungsgemäß erstrecken sich diese Zwischenschnitt-Schaufeln vom Austritt der Leitkanäle in Strömungsrichtung hinaus zur nächsten Stufe hin. Die Führungselemente weisen dabei eine Krümmung zur Umlenkung der Strömung auf. Durch die gekrümmten Zwischenschaufeln, die sich anfangs mit den Leitschaufeln überdecken, wird eine Strömungsablösung deutlich verringert und somit der Wirkungsgrad der Kreiselpumpe gesteigert. Dies spart Betriebskosten ein. Weiterhin werden dadurch Abnutzungseffekte verhindert, sodass die erfindungsgemäße Kreiselpumpe we- niger reparaturanfällig ist und eine lange Lebensdauer aufweist. Preferably, the guide elements are formed as blades, which protrude at least partially into the guide channels. In this variant, the guide elements form intermediate cut blades. The guide vanes of the stator extend from an entrance to an exit. The inlet and the outlet of the guide is defined as an entry or exit in the guide channels, which are formed between the guide vanes. The guide elements formed as intermediate cut-off vanes are arranged at the outlet of at least part of the guide channels and preferably project into the guide channels. According to the invention, these intermediate cut blades extend from the outlet of the guide channels in the flow direction to the next stage. The guide elements have a curvature for deflecting the flow. Due to the curved intermediate vanes, which initially overlap with the vanes, a flow separation is significantly reduced and thus increases the efficiency of the centrifugal pump. This saves operating costs. Furthermore, this prevents wear effects, so that the centrifugal pump according to the invention is less prone to repair and has a long service life.
Vorzugsweise ist das Laufrad als Radialrad ausgebildet. Dabei erweist es sich als besonders günstig, wenn das Laufrad axial ausschüttend ist. Solche Laufräder werden auch als Zwitter-Laufräder bezeichnet. Während bei herkömmlichen radialen Laufrädern die Strömungsausschüttung in radialer Richtung erfolgt, ist die Abströmung bei einem Zwitter- Laufrad axial gerichtet. Somit ergibt sich ein S-Schlag im Meridianschnitt des Zwitter- Laufrads. Diese erfindungsgemäße Kombination eines Zwitter- Laufrades und der Integration von Führungselementen bei der sich anschließenden Leiteinrichtung bringt erhebliche Vorteile mit sich. Bei herkömmlichen Kreiselpumpen mit konventionellen radial ausschüttenden Radiallaufrädern wird das aus dem Laufrad austretende Fluid in einem nachfolgenden Leitrad zunächst verzögert und anschließend in einer Überströmgeometrie der nachfolgenden Rückführpartie zugeführt. Hierdurch ergibt sich ein deutlich erhöhter radialer Bauaufwand. Insbesondere die Stufen von Höchstdruckkreiselpumpen weisen dabei sehr große Stufendurchmesser bezogen auf den Laufrad-Außendurchmesser auf. Der Stufeninnendurchmesser ist dabei im Verhältnis zum Laufrad-Außendurchmesser häufig um mehr als das 1 ,5-fache größer. Bei diesen herkömmlichen Kreiselpumpen erfolgt die Verzögerung der Strömung im Leitraddiffusor. Die Reduktion der Umfangsgeschwindigkeitskomponente erfolgt durch die nachfolgende Rückführbeschaufelung. Preferably, the impeller is designed as a radial wheel. It proves to be particularly advantageous if the impeller is axially distributing. Such wheels are also referred to as hybrid wheels. While in conventional radial impellers, the flow distribution is in the radial direction, the outflow is axially directed at a hybrid impeller. This results in an S-beat in the meridian section of the hybrid impeller. This inventive combination of a hybrid impeller and the integration of guide elements in the subsequent guide brings with it considerable advantages. In conventional centrifugal pumps with conventional radially distributing radial impellers, the fluid emerging from the impeller is first decelerated in a subsequent stator and then fed in a Überströmgeometrie the subsequent return section. This results in a significantly increased radial construction costs. In particular, the stages of ultra-high pressure centrifugal pumps have very large stage diameter based on the impeller outer diameter. The internal step diameter is often greater than 1.5 times larger than the outside diameter of the impeller. In these conventional centrifugal pumps, the delay in the flow takes place in the diffuser. The reduction of the peripheral speed component is accomplished by the subsequent return blading.
Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Einsatz eines Zwitter- Laufrads tritt die Strömung axial aus dem Laufrad aus. Die Strömung wird dann in einer einzigen Komponente verzögert, umgelenkt und der Drall, zwecks Zuströmung zur nächsten Stufe, reduziert. Bei herkömmlichen Kreiselpumpen mit Zwitter- Lauf rädern führt dies in der Regel zu deutlich höheren Verlusten als bei konventionellen Hydrauliken, mit einem reinen Radialrad, die jedoch wiederum mehr Bauraum erfordern. Die erfindungsgemäße Kombination eines Zwitter- Laufrades mit einer sich anschließenden Leiteinrichtung, die Führungselemente aufweist, ermöglicht eine kompakte Bauform der Kreiselpumpe mit minimalen Stufendurchmessern und gewährleistet gleichzeitig eine verlustarme Verzögerung und eine Verbesserung der Abströmung. Somit ist eine Kreiselpumpe geschaffen, die trotz kompakter Bauform einen hohen Wirkungsgrad aufweist. Die Zuströmung zur nächsten Stufe wird dadurch erheblich verbessert. By using a hybrid impeller according to the invention, the flow exits axially from the impeller. The flow is then decelerated in a single component, diverted, and the swirl reduced for inflow to the next stage. In conventional centrifugal pumps with hybrid running wheels, this usually leads to significantly higher losses than conventional hydraulic systems, with a pure radial wheel, but in turn require more space. The inventive combination of a hybrid impeller with a subsequent guide having guide elements, allows a compact design of the centrifugal pump with minimum stages diameters and at the same time ensures a low-loss delay and an improvement of the outflow. Thus, a centrifugal pump is created, which has a high efficiency despite compact design. The inflow to the next stage is thereby significantly improved.
Vorzugsweise weist das Laufrad eine Deckscheibe auf. Somit handelt es sich bei dem Laufrad um ein geschlossenes Laufrad, bei dem das Fluid in axialer Richtung eintritt, dann radial umgelenkt wird, aber schließlich doch, in Folge des S-förmigen Meridians, axial ausgeschüttet wird. Dabei erweist es sich als günstig, wenn das Laufrad eine Tragscheibe aufweist. Vorzugsweise ist die Tragscheibe zumindest bereichsweise ab- gedreht. Durch ein Abdrehen des äußeren Bereiches der Tragscheibe wird eine axiale Ausschüttung ermöglicht. Es ergibt sich ein S-förmiger Meridianschnitt. Die Bauweise führt zu einem verringerten Stufendurchmesser. Dadurch wird Material eingespart. Bei einer vorteilhaften Variante der Erfindung ist zwischen dem Laufrad und der Leiteinrichtung ein Raum vorhanden. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich dabei um einen Radseitenraum. Preferably, the impeller has a cover plate. Thus, the impeller is a closed impeller, in which the fluid enters in the axial direction, is then deflected radially, but finally, due to the S-shaped meridian, is released axially. It proves to be advantageous if the impeller has a support plate. Preferably, the support disk is at least partially off turned. By twisting off the outer region of the support disk, an axial distribution is made possible. The result is an S-shaped meridian section. The design leads to a reduced stage diameter. This saves material. In an advantageous variant of the invention, a space is present between the impeller and the guide. Preferably, this is a Radseitenraum.
Die Leiteinrichtung ist mit dem Pumpengehäuse fest verbunden bzw. kann von dem Stufengehäuse selbst gebildet werden. The guide is fixedly connected to the pump housing or can be formed by the stage housing itself.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand von Zeichnungen und aus den Zeichnungen selbst. Dabei zeigt: Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description of an embodiment with reference to drawings and from the drawings themselves.
Figur 1 einen Axialschnitt, der ein Laufrad und eine Leiteinrichtung zeigt, Figur 2 eine perspektivische Darstellung des Laufrads und der Leiteinrichtung, 1 shows an axial section showing an impeller and a guide, FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the impeller and the guide,
Figur 3a eine perspektivische Ansicht mit Stromlinien auf Basis einer Figure 3a is a perspective view with streamlines based on a
Strömungssimulation,  Fluid Dynamics,
Figur 3b eine perspektivische Ansicht mit Stromlinien auf Basis einer Figure 3b is a perspective view with streamlines based on a
Strömungssimulation,  Fluid Dynamics,
Figur 3c eine perspektivische Ansicht mit Strömungsvektoren auf Basis einer 3c shows a perspective view with flow vectors based on a
Strömungssimulation, Figur 4 eine perspektivische Ansicht der Leiteinrichtung, Figur 5a eine perspektivische Darstellung der Leiteinrichtung mit Strömungsvektoren auf Basis einer Strömungssimulation, FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the guide, 5a is a perspective view of the guide with flow vectors based on a flow simulation,
Figur 5b eine perspektivische Darstellung der Leiteinrichtung mit Strömungsvekto- ren auf Basis einer Strömungssimulation, FIG. 5b is a perspective view of the guide device with flow vectors on the basis of a flow simulation;
Figur 5c eine perspektivische Darstellung der Leiteinrichtung mit Strömungsvektoren auf Basis einer Strömungssimulation. Figur 1 zeigt exemplarisch einen Ausschnitt einer mehrstufigen Kreiselpumpe. DieFigure 5c is a perspective view of the guide with flow vectors based on a flow simulation. Figure 1 shows an example of a section of a multi-stage centrifugal pump. The
Pumpe umfasst mehrere hintereinandergeschaltete Stufen, von der in Figur 1 exemplarisch eine Stufe dargestellt ist. Dabei ist ein Laufrad 1 auf einer Welle 2 angeordnet. Ein Stufengehäuse 3 umgibt das Laufrad 1 . Ein Fluid strömt in axialer Richtung in das Laufrad 1 ein, wird dann in eine radiale Richtung umgelenkt und verlässt das Laufrad 1 schließlich wieder in axialer Richtung. Das Fluid strömt dann in eine Leiteinrichtung 4, die im Ausführungsbeispiel als Leitrad ausgebildet ist und vom Stufengehäuse 3 gebildet wird. Pump comprises a plurality of series-connected stages, of which a stage is shown by way of example in FIG. In this case, an impeller 1 is arranged on a shaft 2. A step housing 3 surrounds the impeller. 1 A fluid flows in the axial direction in the impeller 1, is then deflected in a radial direction and finally leaves the impeller 1 in the axial direction. The fluid then flows into a guide 4, which is formed in the embodiment as a stator and the step housing 3 is formed.
Das Laufrad 1 weist eine Deckscheibe 5 und eine Tragscheibe 6 auf. Die Tragscheibe 6 ist in ihrem äußeren Bereich abgedreht. Somit erstreckt sich die Deckscheibe 5 in radialer Richtung weiter als die Tragscheibe 6. Dadurch wird ein axial ausschüttendes Laufrad 1 geschaffen, das auch als Zwitter-Laufrad bezeichnet wird. Der Name Zwitter- Laufrad ergibt sich, weil es sich um ein Radialrad handelt, bei dem die Ausströmung jedoch axial gerichtet ist. Dies wird durch das Abdrehen der Tragscheibe 6 in ihrem äu- ßeren Bereich ermöglicht. The impeller 1 has a cover plate 5 and a support plate 6. The support plate 6 is turned off in its outer region. Thus, the cover plate 5 extends in the radial direction further than the support plate 6. Thus, an axially distributing impeller 1 is created, which is also referred to as a hybrid impeller. The name Zwitter- impeller results because it is a radial wheel, but in which the outflow is directed axially. This is made possible by the turning off of the support disk 6 in its outer region.
Zwischen dem Laufrad 1 und der Leiteinrichtung 4 ein Raum 10 vorhanden. Dabei handelt es sich um einen Radseitenraum. Figur 2 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung des Laufrads 1 , das auf einer Welle 2 angeordnet ist. Das Fördermedium strömt von dem Laufrad 1 in die Leiteinrichtung 4. Die Leiteinrichtung 4 umfasst Leitschaufeln 7. Zwischen benachbarten Leitschaufeln 7 werden Leitkanäle 8 gebildet. Between the impeller 1 and the guide 4, a space 10 is present. This is a Radseitenraum. Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the impeller 1, which is arranged on a shaft 2. The conveying medium flows from the impeller 1 into the guide 4. The guide 4 includes vanes 7. Between adjacent vanes 7 guide channels 8 are formed.
Erfindungsgemäß sind am Austritt der Leitkanäle 8 Führungselemente 9 angeordnet. According to the invention 8 guide elements 9 are arranged at the outlet of the guide channels.
Die Figuren 3a, 3b, 3c zeigen, dass sich durch Integration der Führungselemente 9 in die Leiteinrichtung 4 die Strömungsablösung stark verringern lässt. FIGS. 3 a, 3 b, 3 c show that the flow separation can be greatly reduced by integration of the guide elements 9 into the guide 4.
Figur 4 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung der Leiteinrichtung 4. Man erkennt, dass die Führungselemente 9 als Schaufeln ausgebildet sind. Diese weisen eine Krümmung zur Umlenkung der Strömung auf. Erfindungsgemäß ragen die Führungselemente zumindest teilweise in die Leitkanäle 8 hinein. Die Führungselemente 9 erstrecken sich ausgehend vom Austritt der Leitkanäle 8 stromabwärts zunehmend in axialer Richtung. Die Figuren 5a, 5b und 5c zeigen Strömungsvektoren auf drei unterschiedlichenFigure 4 shows a perspective view of the guide 4. It can be seen that the guide elements 9 are formed as blades. These have a curvature for deflecting the flow. According to the invention, the guide elements project at least partially into the guide channels 8. The guide elements 9 extend starting from the outlet of the guide channels 8 downstream increasingly in the axial direction. Figures 5a, 5b and 5c show flow vectors on three different
Schnittebenen aus einer Strömungssimulation. Die Führungselemente 9 sorgen für eine Umlenkung der Strömung in axialer Richtung. Section planes from a flow simulation. The guide elements 9 provide for a deflection of the flow in the axial direction.
Die erfindungsgemäße Kombination einer Zwitter-Hydraulik bestehend aus einem Lauf- rad 1 , welches als Zwitter- Laufrad ausgeführt ist, einer Leiteinrichtung 4, welche als Zwitter- Leitrad ausgeführt ist, und der Integration von Führungselementen 9, die als Zwischenschnitt-Schaufeln am Leitradaustritt angeordnet sind, führt zu einer Kreiselpumpe, die eine kompakte Bauform aufweist und dabei einen hohen Stufenwirkungsgrad besitzt. The inventive combination of a hybrid hydraulic system consisting of a rotor 1, which is designed as a hybrid impeller, a guide 4, which is designed as a hybrid stator, and the integration of guide elements 9, which are arranged as intermediate cut blades at Leitradaustritt lead to a centrifugal pump, which has a compact design and thereby has a high stage efficiency.

Claims

Patentansprüche Kreiselpumpe mit einer Leiteinrichtung Centrifugal pump with a guide
1 . Kreiselpumpe mit mindestens einem Laufrad (1 ), dem eine Leiteinrichtung (3) nachgeordnet ist, die Leitschaufeln (7) aufweist, zwischen denen Leitkanäle (8) gebildet werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Austritt zumindest eines Teils der Leitkanäle (8) Führungselemente (9) angeordnet sind. 1 . Centrifugal pump with at least one impeller (1), downstream of which a guide device (3) has guide vanes (7), between which guide channels (8) are formed, characterized in that at the outlet of at least part of the guide channels (8) guide elements (8) 9) are arranged.
2. Kreiselpumpe nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Führungsele- mente (9) als Schaufeln ausgebildet sind, die zumindest teilweise in die Leitkanäle2. Centrifugal pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide elements (9) are designed as blades, which at least partially into the guide channels
(8) hineinragen. (8) protrude.
3. Kreiselpumpe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Führungselemente (9) eine Krümmung zur Umlenkung der Strömung aufweisen. 3. Centrifugal pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guide elements (9) have a curvature for deflecting the flow.
4. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Laufrad (1 ) als Radialrad ausgebildet ist. 4. Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the impeller (1) is designed as a radial wheel.
5. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Laufrad (1 ) axial ausschüttend ausgebildet ist. 5. Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the impeller (1) is formed axially distributing.
6. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Laufrad (1 ) eine Deckscheibe (5) aufweist. 6. Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the impeller (1) has a cover plate (5).
7. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Laufrad (1 ) eine Tragscheibe (6) aufweist. 7. Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the impeller (1) has a support disc (6).
8. Kreiselpumpe nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragscheibe (6) in radialer Richtung einen kleineren Durchmesser als die Deckscheibe (5) aufweist. 8. Centrifugal pump according to claim 7, characterized in that the support disc (6) in the radial direction has a smaller diameter than the cover plate (5).
9. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Laufrad (1 ) und der Leiteinrichtung (4) ein Raum (10) angeordnet ist. 9. Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that between the impeller (1) and the guide (4), a space (10) is arranged.
10. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leiteinrichtung (4) mit einem Pumpengehäuseteil fest verbunden ist. 10. Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the guide device (4) is fixedly connected to a pump housing part.
EP15798458.4A 2014-11-25 2015-11-24 Centrifugal pump with guiding device Active EP3224483B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102014223942.7A DE102014223942A1 (en) 2014-11-25 2014-11-25 Centrifugal pump with a guide
PCT/EP2015/077514 WO2016083382A1 (en) 2014-11-25 2015-11-24 Centrifugal pump comprising a conducting device

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CN108953158A (en) * 2018-09-20 2018-12-07 浙江南元泵业有限公司 Multi-outlet centrifugal pump
CN113074138B (en) * 2020-01-06 2022-05-17 广东威灵电机制造有限公司 Diffusion device, fan and dust catcher
RU2735978C1 (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-11-11 Игорь Олегович Стасюк Stage of multistage vane pump
RU2754049C1 (en) * 2020-12-12 2021-08-25 Игорь Олегович Стасюк Stage of a multi-stage vane pump
DE102020133459A1 (en) 2020-12-15 2022-06-15 KSB SE & Co. KGaA Making a diffuser as a group of channels
RU206628U1 (en) * 2021-03-06 2021-09-17 Игорь Олегович Стасюк Stage vane multistage diagonal oval pump

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WO2016083382A1 (en) 2016-06-02
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DE102014223942A1 (en) 2016-06-30
EP3224483B1 (en) 2021-09-29

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