EP3222913B1 - Biomass micron fuel high-temperature clean combustion method based on adiabatic combustion conditions - Google Patents
Biomass micron fuel high-temperature clean combustion method based on adiabatic combustion conditions Download PDFInfo
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- EP3222913B1 EP3222913B1 EP14906429.7A EP14906429A EP3222913B1 EP 3222913 B1 EP3222913 B1 EP 3222913B1 EP 14906429 A EP14906429 A EP 14906429A EP 3222913 B1 EP3222913 B1 EP 3222913B1
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- biomass fuel
- micron
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- combustion chamber
- adiabatic
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 176
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 127
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims description 97
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 5
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
- F23G7/105—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses of wood waste
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/448—Waste feed arrangements in which the waste is fed in containers or the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/02—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of bagasse, megasse or the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
- F23J1/08—Liquid slag removal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/002—Supplying water
- F23L7/005—Evaporated water; Steam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
- F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2700/00—Special arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluent fuel
- F23C2700/06—Combustion apparatus using pulverized fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/01001—Co-combustion of biomass with coal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G2205/20—Waste feed arrangements using airblast or pneumatic feeding
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/10—Liquid waste
- F23G2209/103—Bagasse, megasse
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/26—Biowaste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/50206—Pelletising waste before combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
- F23K2201/10—Pulverizing
- F23K2201/101—Pulverizing to a specific particle size
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L2900/00—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
- F23L2900/07009—Injection of steam into the combustion chamber
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of renewable clean energy resource, more particularly, it refers to a method for clean-burning and using micron-size biomass fuel under the adiabatic condition.
- the biomass fuel refers to the agricultural and forestry residues including straw, saw dust, bagasse, and rice husk, etc.
- the agricultural and forestry residues are grinded, mixed, squeezed, and dried to form a novel clean fuel which can be directly burnt.
- the development of biomass fuel can not only wisely use the agricultural and forestry residues to prevent waste of resources, the emissions of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides can also be reduced and haze can be avoided. Therefore, the clean fuel would be applied widely at home and abroad.
- JP 2014202448 A discloses a power generation method.
- the method includes feeding coal and palm seed hull into a crusher and crushing the mixture; supplying the pulverized product to a furnace and combusting to produce steam; and utilizing the steam to generate electricity.
- US 20090078175 A1 discloses a fuel flexible furnace.
- the furnace includes a main combustion zone; a reburn zone downstream from the main combustion zone; and a delivery system operably coupled to supplies of biomass and coal and configured to deliver the biomass and the coal to the main combustion zone and the reburn zone.
- JP 2005265300 A discloses a boiler device.
- the device utilizes various fuels, such as pulverized coal, sludge, biomass fuels.
- the boiler device includes a furnace, a partial combustion furnace, a fuel nozzle, a heat exchanger, a high-temperature air supply nozzle, an air preheater, and a secondary air supply unit.
- the inventor of the application has put forward the patent application CN101935568A about micron-size biomass fuel combustion at 2010.
- the patent disclosed a biomass fuel formed by combining micron-size plant fiber powers with additives, and in a plurality of tests it is suggested that the combustion temperature of the micron-size biomass fuel is about 1300°C at average (the peak temperature is 1370°C), and the combustion efficiency of the biomass fuel is above 96%, in addition, the harmful components content in the waste gas of combustion can be effectively reduced.
- the combustion temperature of fuel needs to be higher than 1500°C, which is decided by the Carnot cycle principle, only after the boiler fuel reach to a sufficient high combustion temperature, high-temperature and high-pressure steam can be generated, and further utilize the mechanical energy converted for power generation which have the economic value.
- some of the high-temperature industrial stoves characterized by the high consumption and high emission also require the combustion temperature to reach above 1500°C, such as refractory materials, cement and glass, etc.
- high temperature is one of the most sensitive and important conditions during industrial production.
- Industrial data shows that every 50°C elevation of combustion temperature can cover more industrial production needs.
- the radiant heat transfer efficiency is proportional to the fourth power of the temperature. For example, when the combustion temperature of fuel increased from 1400°C to 1450°C, the thermal energy obtained by the heating body from the radiant heating is improved by 12%, meanwhile, the rise of combustion temperature further increases the combustion speed and combustion efficiency of the fuel. Under this circumstance, how to further improve and stabilize the combustion temperature and combustion efficiency of the micron-size biomass fuel, so as to broaden the application thereof in industrial environment becomes an urgent technical problem to be solved.
- the micron-size biomass fuel is a complex and solid high-molecular hydrocarbon material, and is hard to burn at a rapid rate, since the biomass fuel contains more carbon than hydrogen, the small molecules containing hydrogen burn first and inevitably, tar, residual carbon and ash content in solid state which are difficult to react with oxygen are produced. Meanwhile, the tar, residual carbon, and ash content remain in the combustion chamber of boiler for a while, and once the tar, residual carbon, and ash content do not fully react with the oxygen in time, the tar, residual carbon, and ash content are discharged as waste resources, and further form aerosol and pollutant source of haze to pollute the environment.
- the method obtains the combustion temperature as high as 1500°C to satisfy the heating requirements for more industrial high-temperature boilers. Meanwhile, compared with the prior art, the method barely produces tar, residual carbon, or ash content, thus the method is applicable to the clean and high-temperature burning environment in the industrial production.
- a method for clean-burning micron-size biomass fuel under the adiabatic condition comprising:
- the micron-size biomass fuel comprises more than 35 wt.% of powders having a particle size smaller than 50 ⁇ m.
- the micron-size biomass fuel comprises more than 75 wt.% of powders having a particle size smaller than 100 ⁇ m.
- the micron-size biomass fuel comprises more than 90 wt.% of powders having a particle size smaller than 250 ⁇ m.
- the micron-size biomass fuel is rigidly or flexibly sealed in a container to be loaded and transported, and the volume of the container is between 1.5 and 90 m 3 .
- the excess air coefficient is set between 1.0 and 1.15.
- the volumetric combustion intensity of the adiabatic combustion chamber is set between 200 and 300 kg/m 3 , and the heat flowing through the side wall is no more than 3%-6% of the combustion energy of the micron-size biomass fuel.
- the adiabatic combustion chamber is a relatively sealed heat storage space comprising the side wall made from an insulating material layer of alumina fiber, and the thickness of the side wall is between 80 and 320 mm.
- a height of the adiabatic combustion chamber is between 0.8 and 4 time(s) the diameter of the adiabatic combustion chamber.
- the mass ratio of the steam to the micron-size biomass fuel is 1:60-120.
- the industrial stoves are boilers that served as boiler steam power-generation system, or stoves made from cement, glass, ceramics, etc.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for clean-burning micron-size biomass fuel in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an application environment of combustion technology comprising an adiabatic combustion chamber in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
- the combustion temperature of biomass fuel burned using the conventional method at between 700 and 1000°C, thus the biomass fuel can only be applied to household heating and cooking.
- the working temperature is required to be even higher, and the combustion quality is even strictly requested.
- the reaction temperature of the ceramics is mostly about 1300°C, and the heating temperature from the fuel is required to be above 1500°C; the chemical transition temperature of cement burning is above 1400°C, and the heating temperature from the fuel is required to be above 1500°C to ensure the production efficiency.
- the combustion temperature from the fuel is required to be above 1500°C, therefore, the combustion temperature of the biomass fuel directly influence whether the biomass fuel can be applied to modern industry production.
- the biomass fuel is burnt using the layer combustion technology, and the fuel failed to fully react with the air in a short period of time in the combustion chamber.
- the combustion temperature is low, and tar is produced, forming haze.
- ash content produced by the layer combustion buries the fuel and hinders the contact and reaction with the oxygen.
- Certain amount of residual carbon is unburnt and discharged from the combustion chamber as slag, causing waste of resources.
- burning the micron-size biomass fuel disclosed in the prior patent application can obtain relatively high combustion temperature and effectively reduce pollutant discharge, the combustion temperature of the biomass fuel is limited to be about 1350°C, and actually, tar, carbon particles, and especially ash content residues are not completely avoided, as revealed by follow-up studies.
- the method for clean-burning micron-size biomass fuel comprises the following steps.
- the steps are illustrated as follows, and the illustration is mainly focused on the design and principles of the key combustion conditions.
- raw biomass material composed of plant fiber is grinded to solid powders of micron-size biomass fuel, and an average particle size of the solid powders is smaller than 400 ⁇ m.
- the micron-size biomass fuel is hermetically encapsulated, loaded and transported to industrial stoves via pipelines.
- the biomass fuel is composed of plant fiber and additive.
- the additive is pulverized coal, pulverized lime, red mud, or a mixture thereof.
- the plant fiber comprises more than 35 wt.% of powders having a particle size smaller than 50 ⁇ m.
- the plant fiber comprises more than 75 wt.% of powders having a particle size smaller than 100 ⁇ m.
- the plant fiber comprises more than 90 wt.% of powders having a particle size smaller than 250 ⁇ m.
- the micron-size biomass fuel is characterized by high consumption and light weight, when the biomass fuel is packaged in bags like the flour, the labor cost is high, and dust flying tends to occur when the bags are opened to discharge the powders, resulting in serious working environment, waste of resources, and risks of fire outbreak. Meanwhile, the powders in bags are easy to get damp, then the mobility thereof is adversely affected. Once the powders get damp, the cost of drying the powders is higher than the cost of fuel itself.
- the micron-size biomass fuel is hermetically encapsulated, loaded and transported to industrial stoves in the form of solid powders, and the transportation of bulky and flammable micron-size biomass fuel with a relatively low energy density is low-cost, efficient, and safe, thus the method satisfies the requirements of industrial-scale energy supply and application.
- the micron-size biomass fuel is premixed with air to form flowing dust cloud, and an excess air coefficient is set between 0.98 and 1.25; preferably, the excess air coefficient is between 1.0 and 1.15.
- the biomass fuel is premixed using the excess air coefficient to form the flowing dust cloud because firstly the combustion needs air, and especially oxygen in the air.
- oxygen only accounts for 21%, and the rest of air is the inert gas nitrogen.
- the molecular weights of oxygen and nitrogen are similar, thus the separation of nitrogen and oxygen is difficult, meanwhile, the oxygen-enriched air and pure oxygen are costly, in reality, fuel is directly burned in the air.
- the excess air coefficient in the invention can effectively improve the possibility of oxygen expanding to the surface of bio-particles in the flowing dust cloud, ensure the complete combustion of bio-particles, reduce the amount of excess air, and increase the combustion efficiency, which means that the excess air coefficient is an important feature which ensures the high-temperature combustion of biomass fuel.
- the premixed flowing dust cloud is ejected to the adiabatic combustion chamber in the industrial stoves via a fuel nozzle 11 along a tangential direction.
- the adiabatic combustion chamber 1 is a relatively sealed heat storage space comprising a side wall 2 made from an insulating material layer, and a volumetric combustion intensity of the adiabatic combustion chamber is between 150 and 350 kg/m 3 .
- the side wall is surrounded by the heating body of the industrial stoves, and heat flowing through the side wall is controlled to be less than 10% of combustion energy of the micron-size biomass fuel.
- the fuel nozzle is at least one in number, and a velocity of ejection being between 1 and 10 m/s, so that the combustion condition and the combustion speed are controlled.
- the flowing dust cloud is gasified and floats in the combustion chamber the moment the dust cloud departs from the fuel nozzle, instead of settling at the bottom of the combustion chamber, and the flowing dust is burned instantly (at a distance between 0.5 and 2.5 time(s) the diameter of the fuel nozzle) to obtain a combustion temperature between 1500 and 1600°C at average.
- the adiabatic combustion chamber 1 is provided, and the key parameters including volumetric combustion intensity and contact temperature of the adiabatic combustion chamber are set up according to the combustion of the micron-size biomass fuel to form a relatively sealed heat storage space so that combustion energy of the biomass fuel with a relatively low energy density is accumulated and high-temperature combustion condition in the adiabatic combustion chamber is formed.
- the gasification and combustion of the powders are simultaneously and instantly completed in the same space to produce ultra-high temperature combustion, and the high combustion temperature further improves the combustion speed and combustion efficiency of the micron-size biomass fuel, therefore the average combustion temperature is obviously increased compared to that of the prior art, and the combustion efficiency is above 98%.
- the fuel is not just simply stacked in the combustion chamber, instead, a large amount of fuel molecules collides with oxygen molecules one-to-one, and rapidly release energy in the combustion chamber, which contributes to the accumulation of temperature, and then disappear fast to release space for new fuel coming.
- the more heat released from the fuel and accumulated in the space the higher the combustion temperature is.
- a great many tests show that the method in accordance with the above design can obtain the combustion temperature as high as between 1500 and 1600°C at average.
- the radiation force refers to the full wavelength energy emitted by a unit surface area of an object to a hemisphere space per a unit time, and the unit is W/m 2 .
- the tar and residual carbon can be quickly decomposed and burnt in the oxygen at 900°C, and as the combustion temperature in the example of the invention is 1500°C, the tar and residual carbon can be completely decomposed in 0.2 seconds at such a high temperature.
- a volume of the adiabatic combustion chamber is 1.8 m 3
- B j is the fuel consumption (kg/s)
- V g is the flue gas volume (Nm 3 /kg)
- V is the volume of the combustion chamber (m 3 )
- t av is the average temperature of the flue gas.
- the feed rate of the micron-size biomass fuel is 700 kg/h; the caloric value of the fuel is 17166 kJ/kg (4100 Kcal/kg); the diameter of an inner chamber of the adiabatic combustion chamber is 1400 mm, and a height of the inner chamber is 1800 mm.
- the micron-size biomass fuel is premixed with certain amount of air, and is ejected to the combustion chamber from the bottom along a tangential direction at a rate of 5 m/s.
- the combustion chamber comprises a lining built by firebrick. A thickness of the lining is 114 mm. The lining is coated by alumina fiber cotton for thermal insulation which is highly pure.
- Table 1 shows the test results of combustion temperatures varying with different thicknesses of the alumina fiber cotton and with different excess air coefficients:
- the feed rate of the micron-size biomass fuel is 705 kg/h; the caloric value of the fuel is 17166 kJ/kg (4100 Kcal/kg); the diameter of an inner chamber of the adiabatic combustion chamber is 1400 mm.
- the micron-size biomass fuel is premixed with certain amount of air using the excess air coefficient 1.05, and is ejected to the combustion chamber from the bottom along a tangential direction at a rate of 5 m/ s.
- the combustion chamber comprises a lining built by firebrick. A thickness of the lining is 114 mm.
- the lining is coated by alumina fiber cotton for thermal insulation which is highly pure, and a thickness of the fiber cotton is 150 mm.
- Table 2 shows the test results of combustion temperatures varying with different heights of the adiabatic combustion chamber.
- Table 3 shows the test results of the blackness of flue gas varying with different heights of the combustion chamber and different steam additions.
- the combustion temperature in the invention has improved 150°C compared to that of the prior art, correspondingly, the radiation force in the combustion chamber is improved by 43%.
- the decomposition rate and gasification rate, as calculated above, have also greatly been increased, thus facilitating the clean burning of biomass fuel which barely generates tar, residual carbon, or ash content.
- a mass ratio of the steam to the micron-size biomass fuel is 1:30-150 so as to accelerate gasification and decomposition of intermediates comprising tar and carbon particles produced during the combustion prior to departing from the flame.
- Melted ash content departs from the flame when the combustion is completed, and is settled at the bottom of adiabatic combustion chamber.
- the melted ash content in a form of liquid glass is discharged by the slag removal mechanism 4 with a slag removal piston at one side of the inspection manhole 61.
- Steam is added because steam as a gasification agent can react with the intermediates during the combustion, and can decompose the intermediates to hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Hydrogen further accelerates the combustion speed and ensures that the expected temperature peak and combustion efficiency are achieved in a short period of time. For example, tests show that the proportion of steam designed in the invention, in combination with other combustion conditions, enables the dust cloud to be completely gasified and burnt at a distance between 0.5 and 2.5 time(s) the diameter of the fuel nozzle after the dust cloud departs from the fuel nozzle.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
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CN201410665874.9A CN104501200B (zh) | 2014-11-19 | 2014-11-19 | 基于绝热燃烧条件的生物质微米燃料高温清洁燃烧方法 |
PCT/CN2014/094005 WO2016078176A1 (zh) | 2014-11-19 | 2014-12-17 | 基于绝热燃烧条件的生物质微米燃料高温清洁燃烧方法 |
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EP3222913A1 EP3222913A1 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
EP3222913A4 EP3222913A4 (en) | 2017-12-06 |
EP3222913B1 true EP3222913B1 (en) | 2021-05-26 |
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CN1278071C (zh) * | 2004-06-28 | 2006-10-04 | 华中科技大学 | 粉尘云燃烧炉 |
CN1888017B (zh) * | 2006-06-14 | 2010-08-04 | 华中科技大学 | 一种裂解气化重整炉 |
US8015932B2 (en) * | 2007-09-24 | 2011-09-13 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for operating a fuel flexible furnace to reduce pollutants in emissions |
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