EP3219869B1 - Fastener and wall element of building - Google Patents
Fastener and wall element of building Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3219869B1 EP3219869B1 EP17160569.4A EP17160569A EP3219869B1 EP 3219869 B1 EP3219869 B1 EP 3219869B1 EP 17160569 A EP17160569 A EP 17160569A EP 3219869 B1 EP3219869 B1 EP 3219869B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fastener
- body portion
- wall element
- retainer
- retainer part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
- E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
- E04F13/0805—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and the wall
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
- E04F13/0832—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
- E04F13/0833—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable
- E04F13/0835—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable the fastening elements extending into the back side of the covering elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
- E04F13/0832—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
- E04F13/0833—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable
- E04F13/0851—Hooking means on the back side of the covering elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fastener, which comprises a body portion of the fastener, which has a first end and a second end, at least one fastening element at the first end of the fastener body portion, by means of which a part separate from the fastener may be arranged to be supported by the fastener, and at least two retainer parts connected to the second end of the fastener body portion, by means of which the fastener may be fastened to its target of use, wherein the retainer parts are directed away from the second end of the body portion of the fastener, and on at least their portions connected to the body portion of the fastener, to different directions, and which fastener is one uniform piece formed of one uniform slab.
- the invention further relates to a wall element of a building, which comprises a concrete frame and an insulating layer arranged on at least one side of said frame.
- Lining boards such as lining boards provided with lining panels, or lining boards formed of a single material or material mixture, are used on the external cladding of buildings to form the facade of the building. According to a solution, the lining boards are placed on the wall structure to be supported by supporting rails fastened by means of fasteners.
- US-publication 2013/160393 A1 and FR-publication 3005668 A1 disclose some fasteners.
- the purpose of the invention is to achieve a new type of fastener.
- the fastener according to the invention is characterised by the features of independent claim 1.
- the inventive wall element of a building is characterised in that the wall element comprises at least one fastener according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
- the disclosed fastener is simple and easy to manufacture. In addition, it is easy to install on a wall element having a concrete frame and provided with an insulating layer as early as at the manufacturing stage of the element. In such a case, the supporting rails used for installing the lining boards are easy to install on the element without damaging its insulating layer.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of a fastener 1, which may be used to fasten lining boards 12 to a wall element 8 of a building, such as the one described in closer detail in Figure 5 below, either so that the lining board 12 is arranged directly to be supported by one or more fasteners 1 arranged in the wall element, or so that supporting rails 11a, 11b are arranged in connection with one or more fasteners arranged in the wall element 8, whereby the lining board 12 is arranged to be supported by said one or more supporting rails 11a, 11b.
- FIG 2 is a schematic side view of the fastener 1 according to Figure 1 .
- the fastener is shown in Figure 2 in the usage position in which it is in particular intended to be used in the purpose of use to be disclosed in greater detail in Figure 5 .
- the fastener 1 may be used in another usage position, if that is appropriate for the purpose of use in question.
- the fastener 1 illustrated by Figure 2 comprises a body portion 2 of the fastener 1, which has a first end 2' and a second end 2".
- the fastener 1 further comprises a first retainer part 3 connected to the second end 2" of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1 and directed away from said second end 2" of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1, or in other words, a first retainer part 3 directed towards the direction indicated by the second end 2" of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1, which has a first end 3' connected to the second end 2" of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1, and a second end 3" directed away from the second end 2" of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1.
- the fastener 1 comprises a second retainer part 4 of the fastener 1, connected to the second end 2" of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1 and directed away from said second end 2" of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1, or in other words, a second retainer part 3 directed towards the direction indicated by the second end 2" of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1, which has a first end 4' connected to the second end 2" of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1, and a second end 4" directed away from the second end 2" of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1.
- the second retainer part 4 of the fastener 1 is directed to a direction deviating from the direction of the first retainer part 3, that is, the first retainer part 3 and the second retainer part 4 are directed to mutually different directions.
- the second retainer part 4 of the fastener is directed to a direction that deviates from the direction of the first retainer part 3 so that the second retainer part 4 is aimed away from the first retainer part 3, in other words, the first retainer part 3 and the second retainer part 4 are directed away from each other or to directions aimed away from each other.
- the fastener 1 is arranged to fasten to its target of use by means of said retainer parts 3, 4.
- Said opening 5 therefore forms a possible fastening element at the first end 2' of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1, by means of which a part separate from the fastener 1 may be arranged to be supported by the fastener 1.
- Said opening 5 could also be replaced by fastening hooks or claws, for example, arranged at the first end 2' of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1, supported by which the part separate from the fastener 1 could be positioned without any fastening members, such as a screw or bolt, between the said part separate from the fastener 1 and the fastener 1.
- Figure 3 is a schematic top view of the fastener according to Figures 1 and 2
- Figure 4 is a schematic view of the fastener 1 according to Figures 1 and 2 as seen towards the direction of the second ends 3", 4" of the fastening portions 3, 4 of the fastener 1.
- the fastener 1 shown in Figures 1 to 4 is made by cutting from one uniform sheet slab, such as a metal plate, for example a steel plate, whereby the body portion 2, first retainer part 3 and second retainer part 4 of the fastener 1 are of one uniform piece to begin with, that is, the first retainer part 3 and the second retainer part 4 connect seamlessly to the body portion 2 of the fastener 1.
- the body portion 2, first retainer part 3, and second retainer part 4 of the fastener 1 are originally separate parts joined to each other by welding or gluing, for example.
- the body portion 2, first retainer part 3, and second retainer part 4 of the fastener 1 are substantially in the same plane with respect to each other, so through the body portion 2, first retainer part 3, and second retainer part 4 of the fastener 1, one imaginary plane, common to all of said parts of the fastener 1, may be adapted to pass, that is, in the position of the fastener 1 shown in Figure 2 , a vertical plane, which touches all of said parts of the fastener 1 in a parallel direction with them.
- the retainer parts 3, 4 are directed substantially entirely in the direction indicated by the second end 2" of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1, in the same plane with regard to each other.
- first retainer part 3 and/or the second retainer part 4 could be bent, for example, in the transverse direction in relation to the longitudinal direction of the first retainer part 3 and/or the second retainer part 4 so that the body portion 2, first retainer part 3, and second retainer part 4 of the fastener 1 would no longer all be in the same plane.
- at least one of the fasteners 3, 4 would only partially be directed in the direction indicated by the second end 2" of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1.
- Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of a wall element 8 of a building.
- the wall element 8 comprises a concrete frame 9 that has a first side 9' and a second side 9".
- the first side 9' of the frame 9 forms the back side of the frame 9, directed inward of the building
- the second side 9" of the frame 9 forms the front side of the frame 9, directed outward of the building.
- the wall element 8 further comprises an insulating layer 10 arranged on the second side 9" of the frame 9 and fastened to the frame 9.
- the insulating layer 10 may be a thermal insulating layer or a soundproofing layer or both a thermal insulating layer and a soundproofing layer.
- the insulating layer 10 may be an insulating layer composed of mineral wool, wood fibre wool, polystyrene, or polyurethane.
- the insulating layer 10 may be formed of insulating boards that are fastened to the surface of the second side 9" of the concrete frame 9 by gluing, for example.
- the insulating layer 10 may also be directly squeezed or extruded onto the surface of the second side 9" of the concrete frame 9, if the insulation layer 10 is one formed of polystyrene or polyurethane. In such a case, it is also possible to arrange a specific adhesion layer between the second side 9" of the concrete frame 9 and the insulating layer 10 to improve the adhesion of the insulating layer 10 to the concrete frame 9.
- the wall element 8 further comprises fasteners 1 embedded in it.
- the fasteners 1 are embedded in the wall element 8 so that the second ends 3", 4" of the retainer parts 3, 4 of the fasteners 1 are left inside the concrete frame 9 and that at least the portion comprising the opening 5 or another fastening element of the frame parts 2 of the fasteners 1 extends outside the insulating layer 10. So, the fasteners 1 are fastened to the element 8 by embedding the second ends 3", 4" of the retainer parts 3, 4 of the fasteners 1 in the concrete frame 9.
- the positioning of the fasteners 1, that is, the number of fasteners 1, and their distance to each other in the element 8 may vary.
- the fasteners 1 When the frame 9 of the element 8 is being constructed, the fasteners 1 may be arranged in place in the casting mould before casting the frame 9, so that the second ends 3", 4" of the retainer parts 3, 4 of the fasteners 1 remain inside the concrete frame 9 during its casting.
- the second ends 3", 4" of the retainer parts 3, 4 of the fasteners 1 may be embedded in the concrete material of the frame 9 during the casting of the frame 9 or following that before the concrete material is set.
- the wall element 8 further comprises supports fastened to the fasteners 1, which may be, for example, vertical supporting rails 11a and/or horizontal supporting rails 11b.
- the fasteners 1 may be, for example, vertical supporting rails 11a and/or horizontal supporting rails 11b.
- vertical supporting rails 11a are fastened to the fasteners 1
- the horizontal supporting rails 11b are fastened to the vertical supporting rails 11a by bolts 11c.
- the wall element 8 shown in Figure 5 comprises one or more lining boards 12.
- a lining board 12 comprises a back side 12' directed towards the frame 9 of the element 8, and a front side 12" that shows outwards.
- the lining board 12 comprises lining panels 13 placed at a distance from each other, such as brick panels the gaps between which are filled with adhesive putty that fastens the lining panels 13 to each other.
- the lining board 12 shown in Figure 5 further comprises a back plate 15 that forms the frame of the lining board 12.
- the back plate 15 has grippers 16 directed towards the front side 12" of the lining board 12, which are embedded in the adhesive putty in the gaps 14 between the lining panels 13, which consequently attaches the lining panels 13, the adhesive putty in the gaps between them, and the back plate 15 to each other.
- the back plate 15 of the lining board 12 shown in Figure 5 further comprises hangers 17 directed away from the back side 12" of the lining board 12.
- the lining board 12 is placed by its hangers 17 to be supported by the horizontal supporting rails 11b fastened in the element 8.
- the lining board 12 is installed in place, there will be a ventilating slot 18 between the lining board 12 and the insulating layer 10.
- the wall element 8 may comprise exclusively vertical supports rails 11a fastened to the fasteners 1, whereby the lining board 12 may be set to be supported by said vertical supporting rails 11a, if the vertical supporting rails 11a comprise mating parts that are suitable for the hangers 17 of the lining board 12.
- the wall element 8 may comprise exclusively horizontal supporting rails 11b fastened to the fasteners 1, whereby the lining board 12 may be set to be supported by said horizontal supporting rails 11b, if the horizontal supporting rails 11b comprise mating parts that are suitable for the hangers 17 of the lining board 12.
- the supporting rails 11a, 11b may be fastened to the fasteners 1 by means of a screw or bolt fastening arranged through the opening 5 in the fastener 1.
- the wall element 8 does not comprise any supporting rails 11a, 11 but the lining board 12 may be set to be directly supported by the fasteners 1, if the fastening element at the first end 2' of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1 comprises a suitable mating part for the hanger 17 of the lining board 12.
- the lining board 12 may be a board made of a single material or material mixture, in connection with which hangers have been arranged or are arranged to install the lining board to be supported by the fasteners 1 or supporting rails 11a, 11b.
- Wall elements 8 similar to those of Figure 5 are typically used as the external wall elements of a building, but the wall elements 8 may also be used on the inside walls of a building to separate warm and cool, or completely cold, areas within the building from each other.
- the degree of readiness of the wall element 8 when delivered from a factory may vary.
- a wall element 8 delivered from a factory only comprises a concrete frame 9, insulating layer 10, and fasteners 1 embedded in the element 8.
- the vertical and/or horizontal supporting rails 11a, 11b fastened in connection with the fasteners 1 and the lining boards 12 are fastened to the element 8 at the construction site of the building. If the lining boards 12 are fastened directly to the fasteners 1 without the supporting rails 11a, 11b, the fastening of the supporting rails 11a, 11b is left out.
- a wall element 8 delivered from a factory comprises a concrete frame 9, insulating layer 10, fasteners 1 embedded in the element 8 as well as vertical and/or horizontal supporting rails 11a, 11b fastened in connection with the fasteners 1.
- the lining boards 12 are fastened to the element 8 at the construction site of the building.
- a wall element 8 delivered from a factory comprises a concrete frame 9, insulating layer 10, fasteners 1 embedded in the element 8, vertical and/or horizontal supporting rails 11a, 11b fastened in connection with the fasteners 1, as well as lining boards 12 fastened or hanged on said supporting rails 11a, 11b.
- the wall element 8 is delivered by the factory completely finished, including the lining, too.
- a wall element 8 delivered from a factory comprises a concrete frame 9, insulating layer 10, fasteners 1 embedded in the element 8, and lining boards 12 fastened or hanged directly on said fasteners 1 if the lining boards 12 can be fastened directly in said fasteners 1 without the aforementioned supporting rails 11a, 11b.
- the disclosed fastener 1 is simple and easy to manufacture, and in addition easy to install in a wall elements 8 having a concrete frame 9 as early as its manufacturing stage.
- the vertical supporting rails 11a and/or horizontal supporting rails 11b may be easily installed on the side of the insulating layer 10 of the element 8, without damaging the insulating layer.
- the first retainer part 3 and the second retainer part 4 are substantially straight so that the first retainer part 3 is arranged substantially parallel to the body portion 2 of the fastener 1, and the second retainer part 4 is arranged at an angle in relation to the first retainer part 3 so that in the typical usage position, shown in Figure 2 , the second retainer part 4 of the fastener 1 is positioned above the first retainer part 3 and is obliquely aligned, at an angle smaller than 90 degrees, upward in relation to the first retainer part 3.
- angle is established between the first retainer part 3 and the second retainer part 4, which may vary between 15 and 50 degrees, for example.
- first retainer part 3 and the second retainer part 4 are substantially straight for their entire length or dimension, the first retainer part 3 and the second retainer part 4 are directed for their entire length or dimension to mutually different directions.
- the horizontal first retainer part 3 is intended to receive the horizontal forces present in the wall element 8
- the second retainer part 4 directed obliquely upward is intended to receive the forces caused by the weight of the part or parts placed to be supported by the fastener 1.
- the dimensions of the fastener 1 may differ in many ways, on the basis of the actual target of use or purpose of use, for example.
- the length L1 of the fastener 1 of Figures 1 to 4 that is, the dimension of the fastener 1 from the first end 2' of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1 all the way to the second end 3" of the first retainer part 3 of the fastener 1 may be 270 mm, for example.
- the width W2 of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1, that is, the dimension of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1 from the top edge to the bottom edge of the body portion 2 in the usage position shown in Figure 2 may be 80 mm, for example.
- the width W3 of the first retainer part 3 of the fastener 1, that is, the dimension of the first retainer part 3 from its top edge to its bottom edge in the usage position of Figure 2 may be 50 mm, for example, so approximately two thirds of the width W2 of the body 2 of the fastener 1.
- the width W4 of the second retainer part 4 of the fastener 1, that is, the dimension of the first retainer part 4 from its top edge to its bottom edge may be 30 mm, for example, so approximately one third of the width W2 of the body portion 2 of the fastener 1.
- the thickness T of the fastener 2 that is, the dimension of the fastener 1 in the direction that is in the perpendicular direction in relation to both the length L1 of the fastener 1 and the width of the body portion of the fastener 1, may be 2 mm, for example.
- a fastener 1 provided with said dimensions is well suited for use in a wall element 8 according to Figure 5 , where the thickness of the insulating layer 10 is approximately 200 mm.
- Said saw-edged shaping on the end portion of the retainer parts 3, 4, that is, in the vicinity of the second ends 3", 4" of the retainer parts 3, 4, forms a shape comprising subsequent recesses and protrusions, so one after the other, which helps the bond of the fastener 1 to the concrete frame 9 of the wall element 8 by means of the second end 3" of the first retainer part 3 and the second end 4" of the second retainer part 4.
- Figures 6, 7 , 8, 9 , and 10 are schematic side views of other embodiments of the fastener 1.
- first retainer part 3 and the second retainer part 4 of the fastener 1 are directed away from each other so that on their portions connected to the body portion 2 of the fastener 1, the first retainer part 3 is directed downward and the second retainer part 4 upward at a substantially equal angle but one that opens in an opposite direction in relation to the body portion 2 of the fastener 1.
- the angle between the portions of the first retainer part 3 and the second retainer part 4 connected to the body portion 2 of the fastener 1 may vary between 15 and 70 degrees, for example, such as between 15 and 50 degrees, for example.
- portions 6, 7 consisting of successive recesses and protrusions, are arranged both at the second end 3" of the first retainer part 3 and the second end 4" of the second retainer part 4 to help the fastener 1 bond to the concrete frame 9 of the element 8.
- a fold or a change-of-direction point is formed to the first retainer part 3 and the second retainer part 4, in the vicinity of the second ends of the first retainer part 3 and the second retainer part 4, as a result of which the direction of the first retainer part 3 and the second retainer part 4 differs in the vicinity of the second ends 3", 4" from the direction of the portions of the first retainer part 3 and the second retainer part 4 connected to the body portion 2 of the fastener 1.
- a shaping comprising at least one successive recess and protrusion of the first retainer part 3 and the second retainer part 4 is accomplished to help the adhesion of the fastener 1 to the concrete frame 9 of the element 8.
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Description
- The invention relates to a fastener, which comprises a body portion of the fastener, which has a first end and a second end, at least one fastening element at the first end of the fastener body portion, by means of which a part separate from the fastener may be arranged to be supported by the fastener, and at least two retainer parts connected to the second end of the fastener body portion, by means of which the fastener may be fastened to its target of use, wherein the retainer parts are directed away from the second end of the body portion of the fastener, and on at least their portions connected to the body portion of the fastener, to different directions, and which fastener is one uniform piece formed of one uniform slab.
- The invention further relates to a wall element of a building, which comprises a concrete frame and an insulating layer arranged on at least one side of said frame.
- Lining boards, such as lining boards provided with lining panels, or lining boards formed of a single material or material mixture, are used on the external cladding of buildings to form the facade of the building. According to a solution, the lining boards are placed on the wall structure to be supported by supporting rails fastened by means of fasteners.
US-publication 2013/160393 A1 andFR-publication 3005668 A1 - The purpose of the invention is to achieve a new type of fastener.
- The fastener according to the invention is characterised by the features of
independent claim 1. - The inventive wall element of a building is characterised in that the wall element comprises at least one fastener according to any one of
claims 1 to 6. - The disclosed fastener is simple and easy to manufacture. In addition, it is easy to install on a wall element having a concrete frame and provided with an insulating layer as early as at the manufacturing stage of the element. In such a case, the supporting rails used for installing the lining boards are easy to install on the element without damaging its insulating layer.
- The invention will now be described in closer detail in connection with the preferred embodiments and referring to the accompanying drawings, in which
-
Figure 1 is a schematic view of a fastener, -
Figure 2 is a schematic side view of the fastener according toFigure 1 , -
Figure 3 is a schematic top view of the fastener according toFigures 1 and 2 , -
Figure 4 is a schematic view of the fastener according toFigures 1 and 2 as seen towards the direction of the seconds ends of the fastening portions of the fasteners, -
Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of a wall element of a building, and -
Figures 6, 7 ,8, 9 , and10 are schematic side views of other embodiments of the fastener. - The figures show embodiments of the invention in a simplified form for reasons of clarity. In the figures, like reference numerals identify like parts.
-
Figure 1 is a schematic view of afastener 1, which may be used to fastenlining boards 12 to awall element 8 of a building, such as the one described in closer detail inFigure 5 below, either so that thelining board 12 is arranged directly to be supported by one ormore fasteners 1 arranged in the wall element, or so that supportingrails wall element 8, whereby thelining board 12 is arranged to be supported by said one or more supportingrails -
Figure 2 is a schematic side view of thefastener 1 according toFigure 1 . The fastener is shown inFigure 2 in the usage position in which it is in particular intended to be used in the purpose of use to be disclosed in greater detail inFigure 5 . However, thefastener 1 may be used in another usage position, if that is appropriate for the purpose of use in question. - The
fastener 1 illustrated byFigure 2 comprises abody portion 2 of thefastener 1, which has a first end 2' and asecond end 2". Thefastener 1 further comprises afirst retainer part 3 connected to thesecond end 2" of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1 and directed away from saidsecond end 2" of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1, or in other words, afirst retainer part 3 directed towards the direction indicated by thesecond end 2" of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1, which has a first end 3' connected to thesecond end 2" of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1, and asecond end 3" directed away from thesecond end 2" of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1. Further, thefastener 1 comprises asecond retainer part 4 of thefastener 1, connected to thesecond end 2" of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1 and directed away from saidsecond end 2" of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1, or in other words, asecond retainer part 3 directed towards the direction indicated by thesecond end 2" of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1, which has a first end 4' connected to thesecond end 2" of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1, and asecond end 4" directed away from thesecond end 2" of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1. Thesecond retainer part 4 of thefastener 1 is directed to a direction deviating from the direction of thefirst retainer part 3, that is, thefirst retainer part 3 and thesecond retainer part 4 are directed to mutually different directions. Thesecond retainer part 4 of the fastener is directed to a direction that deviates from the direction of thefirst retainer part 3 so that thesecond retainer part 4 is aimed away from thefirst retainer part 3, in other words, thefirst retainer part 3 and thesecond retainer part 4 are directed away from each other or to directions aimed away from each other. Thefastener 1 is arranged to fasten to its target of use by means of saidretainer parts - At the first end 2' of the
body portion 2 of thefastener 1 there is anopening 5 formed through the second end 2', through which at least one fastening member may be arranged, such as a screw or bolt, to arrange a part that is separate from thefastener 1, such as the aforementioned supportingrails fastener 1. Said opening 5 therefore forms a possible fastening element at the first end 2' of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1, by means of which a part separate from thefastener 1 may be arranged to be supported by thefastener 1. Said opening 5 could also be replaced by fastening hooks or claws, for example, arranged at the first end 2' of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1, supported by which the part separate from thefastener 1 could be positioned without any fastening members, such as a screw or bolt, between the said part separate from thefastener 1 and thefastener 1. -
Figure 3 is a schematic top view of the fastener according toFigures 1 and 2, and Figure 4 is a schematic view of thefastener 1 according toFigures 1 and 2 as seen towards the direction of thesecond ends 3", 4" of thefastening portions fastener 1. - The
fastener 1 shown inFigures 1 to 4 is made by cutting from one uniform sheet slab, such as a metal plate, for example a steel plate, whereby thebody portion 2,first retainer part 3 andsecond retainer part 4 of thefastener 1 are of one uniform piece to begin with, that is, thefirst retainer part 3 and thesecond retainer part 4 connect seamlessly to thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1. Alternatively, thebody portion 2,first retainer part 3, andsecond retainer part 4 of thefastener 1 are originally separate parts joined to each other by welding or gluing, for example. - In the plate-
like fastener 1 shown inFigures 1 to 4 , thebody portion 2,first retainer part 3, andsecond retainer part 4 of thefastener 1 are substantially in the same plane with respect to each other, so through thebody portion 2,first retainer part 3, andsecond retainer part 4 of thefastener 1, one imaginary plane, common to all of said parts of thefastener 1, may be adapted to pass, that is, in the position of thefastener 1 shown inFigure 2 , a vertical plane, which touches all of said parts of thefastener 1 in a parallel direction with them. In this embodiment, theretainer parts second end 2" of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1, in the same plane with regard to each other. - Alternatively, the
first retainer part 3 and/or thesecond retainer part 4 could be bent, for example, in the transverse direction in relation to the longitudinal direction of thefirst retainer part 3 and/or thesecond retainer part 4 so that thebody portion 2,first retainer part 3, andsecond retainer part 4 of thefastener 1 would no longer all be in the same plane. In this embodiment, at least one of thefasteners second end 2" of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1. -
Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of awall element 8 of a building. - The
wall element 8 comprises aconcrete frame 9 that has a first side 9' and asecond side 9". In theelement 8 ofFigure 5 , the first side 9' of theframe 9 forms the back side of theframe 9, directed inward of the building, and thesecond side 9" of theframe 9 forms the front side of theframe 9, directed outward of the building. - The
wall element 8 further comprises aninsulating layer 10 arranged on thesecond side 9" of theframe 9 and fastened to theframe 9. Theinsulating layer 10 may be a thermal insulating layer or a soundproofing layer or both a thermal insulating layer and a soundproofing layer. Theinsulating layer 10 may be an insulating layer composed of mineral wool, wood fibre wool, polystyrene, or polyurethane. The insulatinglayer 10 may be formed of insulating boards that are fastened to the surface of thesecond side 9" of theconcrete frame 9 by gluing, for example. Theinsulating layer 10 may also be directly squeezed or extruded onto the surface of thesecond side 9" of theconcrete frame 9, if theinsulation layer 10 is one formed of polystyrene or polyurethane. In such a case, it is also possible to arrange a specific adhesion layer between thesecond side 9" of theconcrete frame 9 and theinsulating layer 10 to improve the adhesion of theinsulating layer 10 to theconcrete frame 9. - The
wall element 8 further comprisesfasteners 1 embedded in it. Thefasteners 1 are embedded in thewall element 8 so that thesecond ends 3", 4" of theretainer parts fasteners 1 are left inside theconcrete frame 9 and that at least the portion comprising theopening 5 or another fastening element of theframe parts 2 of thefasteners 1 extends outside theinsulating layer 10. So, thefasteners 1 are fastened to theelement 8 by embedding thesecond ends 3", 4" of theretainer parts fasteners 1 in theconcrete frame 9. The positioning of thefasteners 1, that is, the number offasteners 1, and their distance to each other in theelement 8 may vary. - When the
frame 9 of theelement 8 is being constructed, thefasteners 1 may be arranged in place in the casting mould before casting theframe 9, so that thesecond ends 3", 4" of theretainer parts fasteners 1 remain inside theconcrete frame 9 during its casting. Alternatively, thesecond ends 3", 4" of theretainer parts fasteners 1 may be embedded in the concrete material of theframe 9 during the casting of theframe 9 or following that before the concrete material is set. - The
wall element 8 further comprises supports fastened to thefasteners 1, which may be, for example, vertical supportingrails 11a and/or horizontal supportingrails 11b. In the embodiment ofFigure 5 , vertical supportingrails 11a are fastened to thefasteners 1, and the horizontal supportingrails 11b are fastened to the vertical supportingrails 11a by bolts 11c. - Further, the
wall element 8 shown inFigure 5 comprises one ormore lining boards 12. Alining board 12 comprises a back side 12' directed towards theframe 9 of theelement 8, and afront side 12" that shows outwards. In the embodiment ofFigure 5 , thelining board 12 compriseslining panels 13 placed at a distance from each other, such as brick panels the gaps between which are filled with adhesive putty that fastens thelining panels 13 to each other. - The
lining board 12 shown inFigure 5 further comprises aback plate 15 that forms the frame of thelining board 12. Theback plate 15 has grippers 16 directed towards thefront side 12" of the liningboard 12, which are embedded in the adhesive putty in thegaps 14 between the liningpanels 13, which consequently attaches thelining panels 13, the adhesive putty in the gaps between them, and theback plate 15 to each other. - The
back plate 15 of the liningboard 12 shown inFigure 5 further compriseshangers 17 directed away from theback side 12" of the liningboard 12. When the liningboard 12 is being installed in place in thewall element 8, the liningboard 12 is placed by itshangers 17 to be supported by the horizontal supportingrails 11b fastened in theelement 8. When the liningboard 12 is installed in place, there will be a ventilatingslot 18 between the liningboard 12 and the insulatinglayer 10. - According to an alternative, the
wall element 8 may comprise exclusively vertical supports rails 11a fastened to thefasteners 1, whereby the liningboard 12 may be set to be supported by said vertical supportingrails 11a, if the vertical supportingrails 11a comprise mating parts that are suitable for thehangers 17 of the liningboard 12. - According to a second alternative, the
wall element 8 may comprise exclusively horizontal supportingrails 11b fastened to thefasteners 1, whereby the liningboard 12 may be set to be supported by said horizontal supportingrails 11b, if the horizontal supportingrails 11b comprise mating parts that are suitable for thehangers 17 of the liningboard 12. - The supporting
rails fasteners 1 by means of a screw or bolt fastening arranged through theopening 5 in thefastener 1. - According to a third alternative, the
wall element 8 does not comprise any supportingrails 11a, 11 but the liningboard 12 may be set to be directly supported by thefasteners 1, if the fastening element at the first end 2' of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1 comprises a suitable mating part for thehanger 17 of the liningboard 12. - Instead of the lining
board 12 implemented withlining panels 13 shown inFigure 5 , the lining board may be a board made of a single material or material mixture, in connection with which hangers have been arranged or are arranged to install the lining board to be supported by thefasteners 1 or supportingrails -
Wall elements 8 similar to those ofFigure 5 are typically used as the external wall elements of a building, but thewall elements 8 may also be used on the inside walls of a building to separate warm and cool, or completely cold, areas within the building from each other. - The degree of readiness of the
wall element 8 when delivered from a factory may vary. According to an embodiment awall element 8 delivered from a factory only comprises aconcrete frame 9, insulatinglayer 10, andfasteners 1 embedded in theelement 8. In such a case, the vertical and/or horizontal supportingrails fasteners 1 and thelining boards 12 are fastened to theelement 8 at the construction site of the building. If thelining boards 12 are fastened directly to thefasteners 1 without the supportingrails rails - According to a second embodiment, a
wall element 8 delivered from a factory comprises aconcrete frame 9, insulatinglayer 10,fasteners 1 embedded in theelement 8 as well as vertical and/or horizontal supportingrails fasteners 1. In this case, only thelining boards 12 are fastened to theelement 8 at the construction site of the building. - According to a third embodiment, a
wall element 8 delivered from a factory comprises aconcrete frame 9, insulatinglayer 10,fasteners 1 embedded in theelement 8, vertical and/or horizontal supportingrails fasteners 1, as well as liningboards 12 fastened or hanged on said supportingrails wall element 8 is delivered by the factory completely finished, including the lining, too. - According to a fourth embodiment, a
wall element 8 delivered from a factory comprises aconcrete frame 9, insulatinglayer 10,fasteners 1 embedded in theelement 8, andlining boards 12 fastened or hanged directly on saidfasteners 1 if thelining boards 12 can be fastened directly in saidfasteners 1 without the aforementioned supportingrails - The disclosed
fastener 1 is simple and easy to manufacture, and in addition easy to install in awall elements 8 having aconcrete frame 9 as early as its manufacturing stage. In such a case, the vertical supportingrails 11a and/or horizontal supportingrails 11b may be easily installed on the side of the insulatinglayer 10 of theelement 8, without damaging the insulating layer. - In the
fastener 1 according toFigures 1 to 4 , thefirst retainer part 3 and thesecond retainer part 4 are substantially straight so that thefirst retainer part 3 is arranged substantially parallel to thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1, and thesecond retainer part 4 is arranged at an angle in relation to thefirst retainer part 3 so that in the typical usage position, shown inFigure 2 , thesecond retainer part 4 of thefastener 1 is positioned above thefirst retainer part 3 and is obliquely aligned, at an angle smaller than 90 degrees, upward in relation to thefirst retainer part 3. In such a case, and angle is established between thefirst retainer part 3 and thesecond retainer part 4, which may vary between 15 and 50 degrees, for example. - Because the
first retainer part 3 and thesecond retainer part 4 are substantially straight for their entire length or dimension, thefirst retainer part 3 and thesecond retainer part 4 are directed for their entire length or dimension to mutually different directions. - In the fastener according to
Figures 1 to 4 , the horizontalfirst retainer part 3 is intended to receive the horizontal forces present in thewall element 8, and thesecond retainer part 4 directed obliquely upward is intended to receive the forces caused by the weight of the part or parts placed to be supported by thefastener 1. - Because in the
fastener 1 shown inFigures 1 to 4 , and in the fasteners ofFigures 6, 7 ,9 , and10 to be shown below, at least the portions of theretainer parts body portion 2 of thefastener 1 are directed to mutually different directions, thefastener 1 bonds securely to theconcrete frame 9 of theelement 8. Further, because at least the portions of theretainer parts body portion 2 of thefastener 1 are directed to mutually different directions, the fastener is able to receive forces of different directions it is subjected to, in a reliable manner. - The dimensions of the
fastener 1 may differ in many ways, on the basis of the actual target of use or purpose of use, for example. The length L1 of thefastener 1 ofFigures 1 to 4 , that is, the dimension of thefastener 1 from the first end 2' of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1 all the way to thesecond end 3" of thefirst retainer part 3 of thefastener 1 may be 270 mm, for example. The width W2 of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1, that is, the dimension of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1 from the top edge to the bottom edge of thebody portion 2 in the usage position shown inFigure 2 may be 80 mm, for example. The width W3 of thefirst retainer part 3 of thefastener 1, that is, the dimension of thefirst retainer part 3 from its top edge to its bottom edge in the usage position ofFigure 2 may be 50 mm, for example, so approximately two thirds of the width W2 of thebody 2 of thefastener 1. The width W4 of thesecond retainer part 4 of thefastener 1, that is, the dimension of thefirst retainer part 4 from its top edge to its bottom edge may be 30 mm, for example, so approximately one third of the width W2 of thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1. The thickness T of thefastener 2, that is, the dimension of thefastener 1 in the direction that is in the perpendicular direction in relation to both the length L1 of thefastener 1 and the width of the body portion of thefastener 1, may be 2 mm, for example. Afastener 1 provided with said dimensions is well suited for use in awall element 8 according toFigure 5 , where the thickness of the insulatinglayer 10 is approximately 200 mm. - In the fastener according to
Figures 1 to 4 , there is arranged yet anotherportion 6 at thesecond end 3" of thefirst retainer part 3, and aportion 7 to thesecond end 4" of thesecond retainer part 4, theseportions first retainer part 3 and thesecond retainer part 4 in the longitudinal direction of saidretainer parts retainer parts retainer parts fastener 1 to theconcrete frame 9 of thewall element 8 by means of thesecond end 3" of thefirst retainer part 3 and thesecond end 4" of thesecond retainer part 4. -
Figures 6, 7 ,8, 9 , and10 are schematic side views of other embodiments of thefastener 1. - In the embodiments of
Figures 6, 7 ,8, 9 , and10 , thefirst retainer part 3 and thesecond retainer part 4 of thefastener 1 are directed away from each other so that on their portions connected to thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1, thefirst retainer part 3 is directed downward and thesecond retainer part 4 upward at a substantially equal angle but one that opens in an opposite direction in relation to thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1. The angle between the portions of thefirst retainer part 3 and thesecond retainer part 4 connected to thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1 may vary between 15 and 70 degrees, for example, such as between 15 and 50 degrees, for example. - In the
fasteners 1 according toFigures 6 to 8 ,portions second end 3" of thefirst retainer part 3 and thesecond end 4" of thesecond retainer part 4 to help thefastener 1 bond to theconcrete frame 9 of theelement 8. - In the
fasteners 1 according toFigures 9 and10 , a fold or a change-of-direction point is formed to thefirst retainer part 3 and thesecond retainer part 4, in the vicinity of the second ends of thefirst retainer part 3 and thesecond retainer part 4, as a result of which the direction of thefirst retainer part 3 and thesecond retainer part 4 differs in the vicinity of the second ends 3", 4" from the direction of the portions of thefirst retainer part 3 and thesecond retainer part 4 connected to thebody portion 2 of thefastener 1. With said change of direction of thefirst retainer part 3 and thesecond retainer part 4, a shaping comprising at least one successive recess and protrusion of thefirst retainer part 3 and thesecond retainer part 4 is accomplished to help the adhesion of thefastener 1 to theconcrete frame 9 of theelement 8. - It is obvious for a person skilled in the art that as technology advances, the basic idea of the invention may be implemented in many different ways. The invention and its embodiments are thus not restricted to the examples described above but may vary within the scope of the claims. Therefore, the number of retainer parts in a fastener may also be higher than two.
Claims (11)
- A fastener (1), which comprises
a body portion (2) of the fastener (1), which has a first end (2') and a second end (2")
at least one fastening element at the first end (2') of the fastener (1) body portion (2), by means of which a part separate from the fastener (1) may be arranged to be supported by the fastener (1), and
at least two retainer parts (3, 4) connected to the second end (2") of the body portion (2) of the fastener (1), by means of which the fastener (1) may be fastened to its target of use,
wherein the retainer parts (3, 4) are directed away from the second end (2") of the body portion (2) of the fastener (1), and on at least their portions connected to the body portion (2) of the fastener (1), to different directions, and
which fastener (1) is one uniform piece formed of one uniform slab,
characterised in that
the fastening element at the first end (2') of the body portion (2) of the fastener (1) is an opening (5) formed through the body portion (2) of the fastener (1), through which at least one fastening member may be adapted to arrange at least one part separate from the fastener (1) to be supported by the fastener (1),
at least one retainer part (3) is arranged substantially parallel to the body portion (2) of the fastener (1), and at least one other retainer part (4) is arranged at an angle in relation to the first retainer part (3), and that
at the end of the retainer part (3, 4) of the fastener (1) directed away from the body portion (2) of the fastener (1) there is a portion (6, 7) comprising successive recesses and protrusions. - A fastener as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the retainer parts (3,4) are directed to different directions substantially on their entire dimensions.
- A fastener as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the body portion (2) and retainer parts (3,4) of the fastener (1) are substantially in the same plane in relation to each other, whereby the retainer parts (3, 4) are directed substantially in their entirety to the direction indicated by the second end (2") of the body portion (2) of the fastener (1).
- A fastener as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the angle between the portions of the retainer parts (3, 4) connected to the body portion (2) of the fastener (1) is between 15 and 70 degrees.
- A fastener as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the retainer parts (3, 4) of the fastener (1) are substantially straight.
- A fastener as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one retainer part (4) of the fastener (1) is arranged above at least one other retainer part (3).
- A wall element (8) of a building, which comprises a concrete frame (9) and an insulating layer (10) arranged on at least one side of said frame (9), characterised in that the wall element (8) comprises at least one fastener (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
- A wall element of a building as claimed in claim 7, characterised in that the fastener (1) is arranged in the wall element (8) so that the ends (3", 4") of the retainer parts (3, 4), directed away from the body portion (2) of the fastener (1), are embedded in the concrete frame (9), and the first end (2') of the body portion (2) of the fastener (1) is adapted to extend outside of the insulating layer (10) of the wall element (8).
- A wall element as claimed in claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the insulation layer (10) is an insulating layer formed of polystyrene or polyurethane.
- A wall element as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9, characterised in that the wall element (8) comprises supporting rails (11a, 11b) arranged in connection with the fasteners (1) to install lining boards (12) on the wall element (8) to be supported by said supporting rails (11a, 11b).
- A wall element as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 10, characterised in that the wall element (8) comprises at least one lining board (12) installed on the wall element (8), the lining board (12) forming at least a part of the lining of the wall element (8).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FI20165208 | 2016-03-14 |
Publications (2)
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EP3219869A1 EP3219869A1 (en) | 2017-09-20 |
EP3219869B1 true EP3219869B1 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP17160569.4A Active EP3219869B1 (en) | 2016-03-14 | 2017-03-13 | Fastener and wall element of building |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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FR3101365B1 (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2022-01-28 | Ateliers Lr Etanco | High thermal performance part for supporting cladding. |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2069564B (en) * | 1980-02-20 | 1983-09-28 | Catnic Components Ltd | Wall tie for retaining cavity insulating material |
US4495741A (en) * | 1982-07-26 | 1985-01-29 | Westeel-Rosco Limited-Westeel-Rosco Limitee | Adjustable spacer kit of parts, and building wall or roof structure incorporating the same |
CH702578A1 (en) * | 2010-01-18 | 2011-07-29 | Flumroc Ag | Insulation. |
US20130160393A1 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-27 | Shildan, Inc. | Clip anchor connector |
FR3005668A1 (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2014-11-21 | Mathieu Gervais | WALL WITH THERMAL INSULATION CLOSED BY FLEXIBLE LONGIFORM STRUCTURES AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH WALL |
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2017
- 2017-03-13 EP EP17160569.4A patent/EP3219869B1/en active Active
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