Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
  • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
  • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
  • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
  • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
  • H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
  • H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
  • H02K1/2773—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect consisting of tangentially magnetized radial magnets
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/28—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures

Definitions

• Magnetic holding device for rotor Magnetic holding device
• the invention relates to an electric machine rotor and the associated permanent magnet holding device.
• the invention finds a particularly advantageous, but not exclusive, application with generators or current generators, such as those belonging to an extension of range of an electric vehicle, called "Range-Extender" in English, or with the compressors used for refrigerant compression of a motor vehicle air conditioner.
• Electrical machines comprising a stator and a rotor with permanent magnets secured to a shaft.
• the rotor may be integral with a driving and / or driven shaft and may belong to a rotating electrical machine in the form of an alternator or current generator as described in document EP 0 803 962 or of an electric motor as described. in EP 0 831 580.
• the shaft can ensure the setting in motion of a scroll compressor, also known as "scroll compressor".
• Such a system comprises two spirals interposed as pallets for pumping and compressing the refrigerant. In general, one of the turns is fixed, while the other moves eccentrically without turning, so as to pump and then imprison and finally compress fluid pockets between the turns.
• the machine comprises a housing carrying the stator. This housing is configured to rotate the shaft for example by means of rolling, such as ball bearings and / or needle.
• the rotor comprises a body made of laminated sheet metal, which comprises housings. Inside some of the housing is positioned at least one permanent magnet. There are tolerances used in the realization of the rotor which make it possible that the magnets are badly plated inside the housing of the rotor; this can be troublesome given the action of the centrifugal force to which the magnets can be subjected. Solutions have been developed to remedy this aspect.
• a device for holding the magnet comprises anchoring clamps equipped with lateral extensions wedging between a magnet on the one hand and a flange on the other hand.
• a second element, radially interposed between a face of the magnet and the hub of the rotor, is associated with the anchor clamp so that the radial retention of the magnet in the magnet is ensured.
• the lateral extensions of the anchor clamp are wedged between the flange of the rotor and the hub of the rotor.
• the holding device comprising the anchoring clamp and the second element is held axially in the housing by means of two end plates that are fixed to the axial ends of the rotor body.
• the problem posed here is to simplify the implementation of the holding device in the rotor body.
• it is a question of providing a holding device, easy to produce and inexpensive, for holding a magnet in its housing. It is also to facilitate the implementation of the mounting method of the holding device in a housing of a permanent magnet rotor, minimizing the steps making it difficult to implement a holding device in a housing.
• Another objective here is to reduce the mounting constraints and reduce the time spent on the implementation of this single holding device.
• the rotor further comprises holding devices each comprising: a central part extending axially inside a housing between an axial face of the housing and a face of a magnet, this central part having a shape such that it deforms a radial force on the magnet and on the axial face,
• first and second retaining means carried by said central portion at each of its ends and projecting from the housing along the axis of the rotor, each of said first and second retaining means having shapes such that they exert by deformation , an axial force on respectively lower and upper sides of said body.
• the holding device composed of a part (possibly resulting from an assembly), can be positioned in the housing and then held on the body via its first and second retaining means.
• the holding device is mounted in the housing with the incorporation of the magnet into the body.
• the elastic deformation capacity of the central part of the holding device advantageously allows the holding device to conform to the available radial space between the rotor body and a face of the magnet. More particularly, this resilient deformation capacity of the central portion makes it possible to ensure the radial retention of the magnet while the rotor rotates, which subjects the magnets to an action of the centrifugal force. No play between the magnet and the housing of the body is possible since it is the central part that catches it elastically.
• the capacity of elastic deformation of the first and second retaining means makes it possible to mount the holding device on the body via its lower and upper faces, in a minimum of operation; it is to put the holding device in the housing and to ensure that the first and second retaining means each exert an axial force on the lower and upper faces of the body to fix the holding device.
• the central portion extends axially between an inner axial face of the housing and the face, said inner axial face being oriented on the opposite side to the axis of the rotor.
• the central portion extends axially between an inner axial face of the housing and the face of a magnet, said inner axial face being turned towards the radial wall of the rotor furthest from the axis of the rotor.
• the central portion extends axially between an outer axial face of the housing and the face, said axial face O being oriented towards the axis of the rotor.
• the central portion extends axially between an outer axial face of the housing and the face of a magnet, said outer axial face being the face oriented radially towards the axis of the rotor.
• the central portion is formed of a succession of rounded portions and flat portions.
• the central portion is formed by flat portions joined by a rounded portion.
• the rounded portion has a convex face bearing against a face of the magnet and a concave face facing towards the axial face of the housing.
• first and second retaining means have hook shapes with a bent portion.
• the first and second retaining means develop to form a bent portion, and then form a second flat portion then extending perpendicularly to form a third flat portion that joins the end portion. from the central part.
• the second flat portion is positioned axially outside the housing.
• the curved portion having at least one contact with the face of the body, extends parallel to the face of the body thereon, in particular parallel along this face.
• the invention also relates to a rotating electrical machine comprising a rotor as defined above.
• the method of mounting a rotor comprising the following steps:
• a holding device is positioned axially in a housing of a rotor body extending along an axis of the rotor, b) the holding device is abutted against an axial face of the housing,
• the holding device is retained axially by first and second retaining means carried by the holding device and acting on the body,
• At least one element in the form of a permanent magnet is inserted into the housing and held radially and axially by the holding device.
• the first and second retaining means carried by the holding device act on the body axially.
• a central portion between the first and second retaining means and carrying thereof, deforms a radial force on said permanent magnet.
• an element in the form of a magnet is forced axially into the housing.
• the first and second retaining means projecting from the housing, each exert by deformation, an axial force on respectively lower and upper sides of said body.
• the holding device is abutted against an inner axial face (91 a) of the housing.
• another holding device is mounted in the rotor according to steps a), b), c) and d); during step b) of mounting the other holding device, this other holding device is abutted against an outer axial face of the housing.
• Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the holding device.
• Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the embodiment of the holding device of Figure 1 prior to its incorporation into the housing of the rotor body.
• Figure 3 shows a perspective view similar to Figure 2 in which is further shown an example of a magnet prior to its incorporation into the housing.
• FIG. 4 shows a sectional view along a radial plane of the rotor body, in which the exemplary embodiment of the holding device shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 is placed in position in the housing and the magnet shown in FIG. Figure 3 is not yet incorporated in the housing.
• Figure 5 shows a sectional view similar to Figure 4, wherein the magnet is further positioned in the housing, the magnet and the holding device thus being held in position.
• FIGS 2,3 show a rotor 1 according to the invention, X axis, having a body 3 fixed to a central hub (not shown) splined at its inner periphery for fixing in rotation on a shaft.
• the body 3 comprises housings 9 intended to receive permanent magnets 14 held radially and axially by means of holding devices 17. More specifically, the rotor 1 is formed by a stack of sheets extending in a radial plane perpendicular to the X-axis. The bundle of sheets forms the body 3 of the rotor 1 and is made of ferromagnetic material.
• the sheets of the body 3 are preferably maintained by means of rivets passing axially through the rotor 1 from one side to the other.
• Recesses may be formed in the body 3. These recesses have, in top view, a shape resulting from the combination of a triangle shape and a trapezoidal shape. The triangle has one side in common with the long side of the trapeze. The recesses can channel the magnetic flux. In another embodiment shown in the figures herein, the body 3 is devoid of recesses.
• the body 3 also comprises housings 9 - preferably of substantially parallelepiped shape - intended to receive permanent magnets 14. These housings 9 regularly spaced on the circumference of the rotor and located in the body 3 of the rotor 1, have a longitudinal direction of extension parallel to the axis X and an extension direction extending substantially radially relative to the axis X. One of the radial faces (or side face) of the magnet forms a North pole and the other radial face of the magnet a south pole as in EP 0 803 962.
• the housings 9, formed in the body 3, are here open and preferably of generally rectangular section.
• the housing 9, in a section perpendicular to the axis X, comprises at least a through passage 10 adapted to allow the passage of the holding device 17; the section of this passage 10 is comparatively larger than the largest section of the holding device 17 perpendicular to the X axis, it being understood that during assembly, the holding device 17 would constitute a male part and the passage would constitute the female part.
• FIG. 1 to 5 there is shown a holding device 17, a central portion 19 exerts by deformation a radial force on the magnet 14 and on an inner axial face 91 of the housing.
• a holding device whose central portion 19 exerts by deformation a radial force on the magnet 14 and on an outer axial face 91 b of the housing.
• outer axial face 91 b and inner axial face 91 a the faces respectively oriented radially towards the axis X of the rotor 1 and opposite side to the axis X of the rotor 1.
• the inner axial face 91 is facing outwardly of the rotor 1; the outside of the rotor 1 is the radial wall of the rotor 1 furthest from the axis X.
• the housings 9 are intended to receive each of the elements in the form of a magnet 14 or a plurality of permanent magnets 14 superimposed on each other along one of their longitudinal face to obtain maximum power of the machine.
• the magnets 14 thus superimposed then form a column of magnetic elements having a shape complementary to that of the housings 9.
• the magnets 14 can therefore be stacked on each other in an axial direction to form a column of elements of complementary shape to that of housing 9.
• the magnets 14 may be in rare earth for example based on
• Samarium-Cobalt (SmCo) or based on Neodymium-Fer-Boron (NdFeB) having a high coercivity and a high rate of persistence as well as good temperature stability. They can also be made of ferrite.
• the use of rare-earth magnets is possible thanks to the holding device 17 described hereinafter which cleans the magnets 14 and the fact that several magnets are preferably mounted in the same housing 9. Of course, the number of magnets depends on the applications and in particular on the length of the body 3.
• the number may be equal to or less than the number of rare earth magnets.
• expensive rare earth magnets can be used to get as close as possible to a desired electrical power of the machine and complete this with less expensive ferrite magnets.
• the invention makes it possible to use permanent magnets of different shade.
• At least one of the magnets may be replaced by a non-magnetic element, for example made of aluminum, of the same shape to obtain the desired power of the electric machine. It is thus formed, in the axial direction, a column of elements stacked on each other and of complementary shape to that of the housing.
• all the housings 9 may therefore contain a plurality of magnets 14 stacked in the axial direction with possibly presence of at least one non-magnetic element.
• at least two diametrically opposed housings are empty. Due to the fact that the column of elements comprises at least a plurality of stacked magnets, the power of the rotating electrical machine can be easily adjusted while keeping the same rotor.
• the rotor 1 comprises holding devices 17 formed from an elongated metal strip whose width depends on that of the housing 9 in which this band penetrates.
• this holding device 17 shown in particular in FIG. 1 comprises a central part 19 extending axially inside the housing 9 between an axial face 91 a, 91 b of the housing 9 and a face 15 of a magnet 14.
• this central portion 19 having a shape such that it deforms a radial force on the magnet 14 and on the axial face 91, 91 a, 91 b concerned.
• the central portion 19 is therefore positioned axially between first 92 and second end 93 internal of the internal axial face 91a of the housing 9, or, the central portion 19 is positioned axially between the third 94 and fourth 95 external ends the outer axial face of the housing.
• This central portion 19 has a shape such that it exerts by deformation, when compressed between the magnets 14 and the axial face, a radial force on each magnet 14 of the housing 9 from the inside to the outside of the rotor 1 or from the inside to the outside of the rotor 1.
• the holding device 17 Due to the elasticity of the holding device 17, it can be likened to a spring, more particularly a leaf spring comprising a first detent position and a second compression position. In this case, when the holding device 17 and the magnet are mounted in the rotor 2, the spring is in its second compression position.
• the central portion 19 is formed by first flat portions 192 joined by a first rounded portion 191.
• the first rounded portion 191 here provides the connection between the first flat portions 192.
• the central portion 19 is formed of a succession of rounded portions 191 and flat portions 192.
• the first flat portions 192 are intended to be pressed against the axial face 91, 91 a, 91 b of the housing 9.
• the rounded portions 191 comprise a convex face 193 bearing against a face 15 of the magnet 14 of the housing 9 and a concave face 194 facing towards the face axial 91 of the housing 9.
• the holding devices 17 also comprise first and second retaining means 30,40. These first 30 and second 40 retaining means are carried by said central portion 19 at each of its ends 20.
• the ends 20 of the central portion 19 are preferably at the location of the first flat portions 192; as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the ends 20 of the central portion 19 are included saxially inside the housing 9 once the holding device 17 mounted (see Figure 5).
• the holding device extends to form the first and second retaining means.
• the ends 20 of the central portion 19 are located axially opposite internal ends 92, 93 and / or 94,95. These ends 20 are defined axially at the separation between the inside and the outside of the housing 9.
• the first 30 and second 40 retaining means have hook shapes with a curved portion 31. From the end end 32, the first 30 and second retaining means 40 develop to form the bent portion 31 and then develop to form a second flat portion 33 then extending perpendicularly to form a third flat portion 34 which joins the end 20 of the central portion 19. The third flat portion 34 and the first flat portion 192 of the first thus meet at the end 20, at the point of separation between the inside and the outside of the housing 9. .
• first and second retaining means 30,40 thus carried by said central portion 19 have shapes such that said retaining means 30,40 exert by deformation, an axial force on respectively lower 4 and upper 5 faces of the body 3 .
• the second flat portion 33 is positioned radially between the face 15 of the magnet (with which the holding device 17 is in contact) and a lower face 4 or upper 5 of the body with which the curved portion 31 has a contact. It is positioned axially outside the housing 9.
• the third portion 34 is positioned radially between the longitudinal face 15 of the magnet 14 (with which the holding device 17 is in contact) and the axial face 91a, 91b (internal 91a or external 91b of the housing 9). . It is positioned axially outside the housing 9
• the holding device 17 is positioned inside the housings 9. More specifically, the holding device is positioned axially in a housing 9 of the rotor body 1 (3) extending along the axis X. The holding device 17 is then positioned so that the holding device 17 is abutted against the axial fax 91a, 91b (internal or external) of the housing 9.
• the holding device 17 is then retained axially by the first 30 and second 40 retaining means carried by the holding device 17 and acting on the body 3.
• At least one element in the form of a permanent magnet is inserted into the housing 9 and held radially and axially by the holding device 17.
• the magnets are axially threaded in force. inside the housing 9.
• the central portion 19 of the holding device 17 then applies, due to the deformation of the central portion 19 (in particular of its rounded portion 191), a radial holding force on the magnet 15 contained in the housing 9.
• This spring effect allows the insertion and then the maintenance of the holding device 17.An end plate can then be pressed against the lower face 4 and / or upper 5 of the body 3 for balancing purposes, as described. above.
• the holding device 17 is an elastic piece in the form of a strip of material, which has a central portion 19 and first and second elastically deformable retaining means 40 for exerting respectively a force radial and axial on the permanent magnets.
• the central part 19 with radial action makes it possible to protect the magnets 14 because they are less sensitive to shocks and vibrations because of this central portion 19.
• the first 30 and second 40 axially acting retaining means also make it possible to protect the magnets 14 and make them even less sensitive to shocks and vibrations.
• the magnets 14 have good resistance to centrifugal force thanks to the holding device 17.
• the manufacturing tolerances of the housings 9 and the magnets 14 can be large because the central portion 19 and the first 30 and second 40 means of restraint catches the games due to manufacturing tolerances.
• the presence of the magnets holding device 17 makes it possible to improve the radial resistance of the magnets without moving them, despite the manufacturing tolerances.
• those skilled in the art can make modifications to the various shapes of the body 3 of the rotor 1 and the holding devices 17 described in the figures without departing from the scope of the invention.
• This holding device 17 in the form of a strip of material is in a spring steel embodiment.
• the device 17 is made of plastic material advantageously or in any other material, for example metallic. These devices 17 may be provided with a coating for contact with the magnets.
• the holding device 17 is abutted against an inner axial face 91a of the housing 9,
• the rotor comprises two holding devices 17 extending on the two axial faces 91a, 91b opposite. Once the two devices 17 are mounted and the magnet 14 inserted, the opposite longitudinal faces 15 of the magnet 14 each have a contact with the central portion 19 of the device 17 which corresponds to it.

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• 2014
  • 2014-11-12 FR FR1460911A patent/FR3028360B1/fr active Active
• 2015
  • 2015-10-27 WO PCT/FR2015/052886 patent/WO2016075385A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2015-10-27 EP EP15808696.7A patent/EP3218992A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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